WO2023213021A1 - 同轴往复运动机构及器具 - Google Patents

同轴往复运动机构及器具 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023213021A1
WO2023213021A1 PCT/CN2022/111613 CN2022111613W WO2023213021A1 WO 2023213021 A1 WO2023213021 A1 WO 2023213021A1 CN 2022111613 W CN2022111613 W CN 2022111613W WO 2023213021 A1 WO2023213021 A1 WO 2023213021A1
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Prior art keywords
rotating shaft
shaft
inner rotating
steel ball
positioning
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PCT/CN2022/111613
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English (en)
French (fr)
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吴吉东
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication of WO2023213021A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023213021A1/zh
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H25/00—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms
    • F16H25/18—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms for conveying or interconverting oscillating or reciprocating motions
    • F16H25/20—Screw mechanisms
    • F16H25/22—Screw mechanisms with balls, rollers, or similar members between the co-operating parts; Elements essential to the use of such members
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/06—Means for converting reciprocating motion into rotary motion or vice versa

Definitions

  • the utility model relates to a reciprocating motion mechanism, in particular to a coaxial reciprocating motion mechanism and an appliance using the mechanism.
  • the fascia gun of CN112263459A includes a reciprocating mechanism, which uses an eccentric wheel to drive the slider to reciprocate through a sliding rod.
  • the electric toothbrush of CN200957117Y includes a rotatable transmission shaft installed in the brush head, an eccentric shaft is installed on the transmission shaft, and the eccentric shaft rotates around the transmission shaft.
  • the reciprocating motion mechanism of CN104096910A is used for a reciprocating saw machine.
  • the reciprocating motion mechanism includes a first driving part, a second driving part, a guide part and a moving part.
  • the moving part is driven by the first and second driving parts to carry out the first direction.
  • reciprocating motion and swinging motion along a second direction, the second direction being the cutting advance direction of the reciprocating saw machine and perpendicular to the first direction.
  • the angle between the input end and the output end is 90°, and the required volume of the equipment is relatively large;
  • the swash plate reciprocating mechanism has relatively large friction, and the output end cannot return automatically. A rebound mechanism needs to be added, and the working noise is loud.
  • the swing rod bearing is large and cannot form a coaxial output.
  • the technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a coaxial reciprocating motion mechanism and an appliance.
  • the reciprocating motion mechanism has the characteristics of long life and low noise; further, the reciprocating motion mechanism can be and appliance miniaturization.
  • a coaxial reciprocating mechanism including an inner rotating shaft, an output shaft and an outer sleeve.
  • the inner rotating shaft and the output shaft are on the same axis, and the outer sleeve is sleeved on the said output shaft. outside the output shaft;
  • the inner rotating shaft is provided with at least one annular groove surrounding the surface of the shaft, the annular groove has a certain inclination angle relative to the cross section of the shaft, and a positioning steel ball is provided on the annular groove;
  • the output shaft includes a shaft portion and a bushing at the rear end of the shaft portion; the bushing has a cavity for accommodating the inner rotating shaft; a positioning hole is provided on the wall of the bushing;
  • the inner wall of the outer sleeve is provided with at least one axially extending linear groove; the positioning steel ball passes through the positioning hole and falls into the linear groove;
  • the inner rotating shaft rotates, and the positioning steel balls roll along the annular groove and are bound by the linear grooves on the inner wall of the jacket to slide in the linear direction.
  • the positioning steel balls drive the output shaft through the positioning holes to make forward and backward telescopic reciprocating motions.
  • the preferred technical solution used by this utility model to solve the above technical problems is that the inner rotating shaft is fixed in the shaft sleeve through a bearing and a circlip.
  • the preferred technical solution used by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is: it also includes a motor, and the motor drives the inner rotating shaft to rotate.
  • a shaft hole is provided in the center of the inner rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft of the motor is docked with the shaft hole.
  • the annular groove is also provided with movable steel balls
  • the wall of the shaft sleeve is provided with an axially extending waist-shaped hole
  • the movable steel balls are provided on the As for the waist-shaped hole
  • the movable steel ball is located in the linear groove of the outer cover.
  • the inner rotating shaft is provided with a first annular groove and a second annular groove distributed front and back, the first annular groove is provided with a first positioning steel ball, and the second annular groove is provided with a first positioning steel ball.
  • the annular groove is provided with a second positioning steel ball;
  • the wall of the sleeve is provided with a first positioning hole that cooperates with the first positioning steel ball and a second positioning hole that cooperates with the second positioning steel ball.
  • the inner wall of the sleeve is provided with a first linear groove that cooperates with the first positioning steel ball. and a second linear groove matched with the second positioning steel ball;
  • the first positioning steel ball and the second positioning steel ball differ by 180 degrees on the circumferential surface of the inner rotating shaft.
  • the first annular groove is provided with three movable steel balls, and the wall of the shaft sleeve is provided with three waist-shaped holes that respectively cooperate with the three movable steel balls;
  • the three movable steel balls are 90 degrees apart on the circumferential surface of the inner rotating shaft.
  • a coaxial reciprocating mechanism including a motor, an inner rotating shaft, an output shaft and an outer sleeve.
  • the inner rotating shaft and the output shaft are on the same axis, and the outer sleeve Sleeved outside the output shaft, the motor drives the inner shaft to rotate;
  • the inner rotating shaft is provided with at least one annular groove surrounding the surface of the shaft, the annular groove has a certain inclination angle relative to the cross section of the shaft, and a positioning steel ball is provided on the annular groove;
  • the output shaft includes a shaft portion and a bushing at the rear end of the shaft portion.
  • the bushing has a cavity for accommodating the inner rotating shaft.
  • a linear bearing is provided between the shaft portion and the outer sleeve; the bushing There are positioning holes on the wall;
  • the inner wall of the outer sleeve is provided with at least one axially extending linear groove; the positioning steel ball passes through the positioning hole and falls into the linear groove;
  • the inner rotating shaft rotates, and the positioning steel balls roll along the annular groove and are bound by the linear grooves on the inner wall of the jacket to slide in the linear direction.
  • the positioning steel balls drive the output shaft through the positioning holes to make forward and backward telescopic reciprocating motions.
  • the annular groove is also provided with movable steel balls
  • the wall of the shaft sleeve is provided with an axially extending waist-shaped hole.
  • the movable steel balls Located in the waist-shaped hole, the movable steel ball is located in the linear groove of the jacket.
  • a reduction gear is provided between the motor and the inner rotating shaft.
  • Another subject of the present invention is an appliance, including a casing and the coaxial reciprocating mechanism in the casing.
  • a preferred technical solution of another subject of the present invention is: a battery is provided in the housing, and the battery provides power for the motor in the coaxial reciprocating mechanism.
  • the inner rotating shaft and the output end are coaxial to achieve coaxial output, and the diameter of the equipment can be made smaller, avoiding the situation where the output shaft and the input shaft are connected at an angle or eccentrically, forcing the equipment to increase in volume;
  • the positioning steel ball is a rolling mechanism, with small sliding friction, and the noise generated by its own movement is small. Moreover, the setting of the annular groove makes the movement of the positioning steel balls consistent, and there is no need to set up an additional rebound mechanism. This not only simplifies the structure, reduces the required volume of the mechanism, but also avoids the problems caused by the movement of the rebound mechanism. Additional noise further realizes the miniaturization and silence of the coaxial reciprocating mechanism;
  • the service life of the coaxial reciprocating mechanism of this embodiment is also longer than that of the traditional swash plate reciprocating mechanism, eccentric wheel reciprocating mechanism, or connecting rod reciprocating mechanism. Institutions come a long way.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an electric file according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of an electric file according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is an exploded view of an electric file according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a coaxial reciprocating mechanism according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the coaxial reciprocating mechanism of a preferred embodiment of the present invention (without movable steel balls);
  • Figure 6 is an exploded view of the coaxial reciprocating mechanism of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is an internal structural diagram of a coaxial reciprocating mechanism according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is the internal structure diagram 2 of the coaxial reciprocating mechanism of a preferred embodiment of the present utility model
  • Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the outer cover of the coaxial reciprocating mechanism according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • this embodiment provides an electric file including a housing 100, a coaxial reciprocating mechanism 200 located in the housing 100, and a front end connected to the coaxial reciprocating mechanism 200 and exposed from the housing. 100 front file head 300.
  • the movement of the coaxial reciprocating mechanism 200 causes the file head 300 to move forward and backward, thereby realizing linear operation to frustrated the surface of the workpiece.
  • the coaxial reciprocating mechanism 200 can be used in similar appliances, such as saber saws, jigsaws, fascia guns, electric toothbrushes, etc.
  • the coaxial reciprocating mechanism 200 drives the working part or other components of the appliance to perform simultaneous operations.
  • the shaft reciprocates to achieve working results.
  • the coaxial reciprocating mechanism 200 in this embodiment includes an inner rotating shaft 1, an output shaft 2 and an outer sleeve 3.
  • the inner rotating shaft 1 and the output shaft 2 are arranged along the same axis, and the outer sleeve 3 is placed on the output shaft. Axis 2 outside.
  • the inner rotating shaft 1 is provided with at least one annular groove 10 surrounding the surface of the shaft.
  • the annular groove 10 has a certain inclination angle relative to the cross section of the shaft.
  • the annular groove 10 is provided with a positioning steel ball 4. The positioning steel ball 4 and the annular groove 10 Adaptation, during the rotation of the inner rotating shaft 1, the positioning steel ball 4 moves along the extending direction of the annular groove 10.
  • the output shaft 2 includes a shaft portion 21 and a sleeve 22 at the rear end of the shaft portion 21.
  • the shaft portion 21 and the sleeve 22 are arranged along the same axis.
  • the sleeve 22 has a cavity L for accommodating the inner rotating shaft 1 , and the cavity L is opened rearward for the inner rotating shaft 1 to be assembled therein.
  • the wall of the shaft sleeve 22 is provided with a positioning hole a, and the positioning steel ball 4 passes through the positioning hole a, so that the movement of the positioning steel ball 4 is associated with the output shaft 2 .
  • the inner wall of the jacket 3 is provided with at least one axially extending linear groove b.
  • the linear groove b corresponds to the position of the positioning hole a.
  • the positioning steel ball 4 passes through the positioning hole a and falls into the linear groove b. inside, and the movement of the positioning steel ball 4 in the radial direction of the outer shell 3 is restricted, and it can only move linearly along the linear groove b. That is to say, the position of the positioning steel ball 4 is fixed in the radial direction, but it is movable in the axial direction.
  • the positioning hole a is a hole that matches the diameter of the positioning steel ball 4, that is, the gap between the spherical surface of the positioning steel ball 4 and the positioning hole a can be ignored, and the linear movement of the positioning steel ball 4 is bound to exert force on the hole wall of the positioning hole a. , thereby pushing the output shaft 2 to move in the same direction.
  • annular groove 10 is a closed annular shape and has a certain inclination angle relative to the axis cross section. This means that when the inner rotating shaft 1 rotates 180 degrees, the positioning steel balls 4 push the output shaft 2 to an axial distance extreme value, and then rotates 180 degrees, that is, after one rotation, the positioning steel balls 4 drive the output shaft 2 back to the other axis. To the extreme value of the distance, the output shaft 2 makes a reciprocating motion of front and back telescopic movement.
  • the circumferential rotational motion of the inner rotating shaft 1 is converted into the linear reciprocating motion of the output shaft 2 through the cooperation between the annular groove 10, the positioning steel ball 4, the positioning hole a, and the linear groove b.
  • the inner rotating shaft 1 is coaxially arranged with the output end, so that the mechanism is in a coaxial extension state, and the diameter of the equipment can be smaller, avoiding the problem of the output shaft 2 and the output end being coaxially arranged.
  • the input shaft is connected at an angle or eccentrically, forcing the equipment to increase in size.
  • the positioning steel ball 4 is a rolling mechanism. During the entire reciprocating motion, its rolling is always driving the movement of the output shaft 2. Therefore, the sliding friction force is small and the noise generated by its own movement is small. More importantly, because of the setting of the annular groove 10, the movement of the positioning steel ball 4 is consistent, that is, the output shaft 2 can automatically return after one rotation, and there is no need to set up an additional rebound mechanism. This not only simplifies the structure, but also further The required volume of the mechanism is reduced, additional noise generated during the movement of the rebound mechanism is avoided, and the coaxial reciprocating mechanism 200 is further miniaturized and silent.
  • the service life of the coaxial reciprocating mechanism 200 of this embodiment is also longer than that of the traditional swash plate reciprocating mechanism, eccentric wheel reciprocating mechanism, or connecting rod reciprocating mechanism. Institutions come a long way.
  • annular grooves 10 can be inclined from front to back or from back to front, a plurality of annular grooves 10 can be parallel to each other, or the inclination angles between the two annular grooves 10 can be complementary to each other.
  • the positioning steel balls 4 thereon should be set to move in the same direction synchronously.
  • the inner rotating shaft 1 is provided with a first annular groove 101 and a second annular groove 102 distributed front and back.
  • the first annular groove 101 is provided with a first positioning steel ball 4a
  • the second annular groove 102 is provided with a first positioning steel ball 4a.
  • the wall of the sleeve 22 is provided with a first positioning hole a1 that cooperates with the first positioning steel ball 4a and a second positioning hole a2 that cooperates with the second positioning steel ball 4b.
  • the inner wall of the sleeve 3 is provided with The first linear groove b1 matched with the first positioning steel ball 4a and the second linear groove b2 matched with the second positioning steel ball 4b.
  • the inclination angles of the first annular groove 101 and the second annular groove 102 are complementary.
  • the first positioning steel ball 4a and the second positioning steel ball 4b differ by 180 degrees on the circumferential surface of the inner rotating shaft 1.
  • both sides of the output shaft 2 have guided sliding structures to avoid deflection due to uneven force during axial movement, further ensuring the smooth movement of the entire coaxial reciprocating mechanism 200, and also This further avoids the generation of additional friction and ensures the quietness of the equipment.
  • the annular groove 10 is also provided with movable steel balls 5.
  • the movable steel balls 5 are also adapted to the annular groove 10.
  • the movable steel balls 5 also roll along the annular groove 10.
  • the movable steel ball 5 does not push the output shaft 2.
  • the wall of the sleeve 22 is provided with an axially extending waist-shaped hole c.
  • the length of the waist-shaped hole c is the stroke length of the reciprocating motion of the output shaft 2, that is, the annular groove 10 is axially on the axis of the inner rotating shaft 1. distance.
  • the movable steel ball 5 passes through the waist-shaped hole c from the annular groove 10 of the inner rotating shaft 1 inside the shaft sleeve 22, and is accommodated in the linear groove b of the outer sleeve 3.
  • the linear groove b here may be the linear groove b where the positioning steel ball 4 is located, or it may be an additional linear groove b for avoiding the movable steel ball 5.
  • the positioning steel balls 4 push the sleeve 22, while the movable steel balls 5 move within the waist-shaped hole c and do not exert any force on the wall of the waist-shaped hole c.
  • the reason why the movable steel ball 5 is provided is to further eliminate the gap between the shaft sleeve 22 and the outer sleeve 3, so that the movement of the output shaft 2 is smoother and more stable. Therefore, preferably, a total of four movable steel balls 5 are provided on the first annular groove 101 and the second annular groove 102 and the difference between each movable steel ball 5 on the circumferential surface of the inner rotating shaft 1 is 90 degrees.
  • the first annular groove 101 is provided with three first movable steel balls 5a and one first positioning steel ball 4a, while the first annular groove 101 is provided with a second positioning steel ball 4b. and a second movable steel ball 5b.
  • the wall of the shaft sleeve 22 is provided with three first waist-shaped holes c1 that respectively match the three first movable steel balls 5a.
  • the three first movable steel balls 5a and the first positioning steel balls 4a are provided on two sides on the circumferential surface of the inner rotating shaft 1. The two are 90 degrees apart.
  • the wall of the shaft sleeve 22 is provided with a second waist-shaped hole c2 that matches the second movable steel ball 5b.
  • the second positioning steel ball 4b is 180 degrees from the first positioning steel ball 4a.
  • the second movable steel ball 5b and the first positioning steel ball 4a are located at same side.
  • the movable steel balls 5 at four angles support the sleeve 22 and the outer sleeve 3 at four angles, thereby ensuring the coaxiality of the sleeve 22 and the outer sleeve 3 and further ensuring the flexibility of the output shaft 2.
  • a linear bearing 6 is provided between the shaft portion 21 and the outer casing 3.
  • the linear bearing 6 is tightly matched with the outer casing 3 or circlips are provided at both ends to prevent forward and backward movement.
  • the balls g arranged along the axial direction on the inner wall of the linear bearing 6 act on the shaft part 21 of the output shaft 2, which eliminates the need for the output shaft 2 to be directly loosely matched with the inner hole of the outer sleeve 3 and use grease.
  • the balls g can also reduce the forward and backward motion. resistance to further ensure the smooth progress of the reciprocating motion of the output shaft 2.
  • the inner rotating shaft 1 extends into the cavity of the sleeve 22 from back to front.
  • the arrangement of the bearing 7 not only plays a role in the inner rotating shaft 1 It has a supporting effect and is also more conducive to the circumferential rotation of the inner rotating shaft 1.
  • the rear side of the bearing is fixed with a circlip 8 so that the inner rotating shaft 1 is rotatably limited in the sleeve 22 .
  • the coaxial reciprocating mechanism 200 also includes a motor 9.
  • the rotating shaft of the motor 9 is coaxially connected to the inner rotating shaft 1.
  • the rotation of the motor 9 drives the inner rotating shaft 1 to rotate.
  • a reduction gear is provided between the motor 9 and the inner rotating shaft 1 .
  • the center of the inner rotating shaft 1 is provided with a shaft hole f, and the rotating shaft r of the motor 9 is docked with the shaft hole.
  • the two preferably adopt a plug-in coupling method, and the shaft hole is a non-circular hole, that is, there must be a limiting surface in the shaft hole to limit the circumferential rotation of the rotating shaft and the shaft hole.
  • the shaft hole is a pentagonal hole, a square hole or other regular polygonal holes.
  • the casing 100 of the appliance provided in this embodiment is also provided with a battery compartment for installing the battery 400 and related Connect the circuit.
  • the battery 400 is assembled in the battery compartment and provides power support for the motor 9 in the coaxial reciprocating mechanism 200 through a connecting circuit.

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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
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  • Transmission Devices (AREA)

Abstract

一种同轴往复运动机构（200）,包括内转轴（1）、输出轴（2）及外套（3）；内转轴（1）与输出轴（2）处于同一轴线上，外套（3）套在输出轴（2）夕卜；内转轴（1）设有至少一条环绕在轴表面的环形槽（10）,环形槽（10）相对于轴横截面具有一定倾斜角度，环形槽（10）上设有一定位钢珠（4）；输出轴（2）包括一轴部（21）及轴部后端的轴套（22）；轴套（22）具有一容纳内转轴（1）的腔体（L）；轴套（22）的壁上设有定位孔（a）；外套（3）的内壁设有至少―条轴向延伸的直线槽（b）；定位钢珠（4）穿过定位孔（a）落入直线槽（b）内；内转轴（1）转动，定位钢珠（4）沿着环形槽（10）滚动并被外套（3）内壁的直线槽（b）所束缚沿直线方向滑动，定位钢珠（4）通过定位孔（a）带动输出轴（2）作前后伸缩往复运动。同轴往复运动机构具有寿命长、小体积、低噪音的优点。一种器具，具有壳体（100）和同轴往复运动机构（200）。

Description

同轴往复运动机构及器具 技术领域
本实用新型涉及一种往复运动机构，尤其涉及一种同轴往复运动机构及应用该机构的器具。
背景技术
现有的电动工具(往复锯、电动锉刀)、筋膜枪、电动牙刷等都用到了往复运动机构。
CN112263459A的筋膜枪，包括往复运动机构，其采用偏心轮通过滑杆带动滑块往复运动。
CN200957117Y的电动牙刷，包括刷头内设置一根可旋转的传动轴，传动轴上安装有偏心轴，偏心轴绕传动轴转动。
CN104096910A的用于往复锯机的往复运动机构，往复运动机构包括第一驱动部分、第二驱动部分、导向部分和运动部分，运动部分被第一、第二驱动部分驱动以便进行沿第一方向的往复运动和沿第二方向的摆动运动，第二方向为往复锯机的切割前进方向且垂直于第一方向。
综上，连杆式往复机构，输入端与输出端的角度呈90°，设备所需体积就比较大；
斜盘式往复机构，摩擦力比较大，输出端不能自动回位，需增加回弹机构，工作噪音大。
偏心轮式往复机构，摆杆轴承的体积大，且不能形成同轴输出。
实用新型内容
基于现有往复运动机构的不足，本实用新型所要解决的技术问题是提供一种同轴往复运动机构及器具，该往复运动机构具有寿命长、噪音小的特点；进一步地可以将该往复运动机构及器具小型化。
本实用新型解决上述技术问题所采用的技术方案为：同轴往复运动机构，包括内转轴、输出轴及外套，所述内转轴与所述输出轴处于同一轴线上，所述外套套在所述输出轴外；
所述内转轴设有至少一条环绕在该轴表面的环形槽，所述环形槽相对于该轴横截面具有一定倾斜角度，所述环形槽上设有一定位钢珠；
所述输出轴包括一轴部及轴部后端的轴套；所述轴套具有一容纳所述内转轴的腔体；所述轴套的壁上设有定位孔；
所述外套的内壁设有至少一条轴向延伸的直线槽；所述定位钢珠穿过所述定位孔落入所述直线槽内；
所述内转轴转动，定位钢珠沿着环形槽滚动并被外套内壁的直线槽所束缚沿直线方向滑动，定位钢珠通过定位孔带动所述输出轴作前后伸缩往复运动。
本实用新型解决上述技术问题所采用的优选的技术方案为：所述轴部与所述外套之间设有直线轴承。
本实用新型解决上述技术问题所采用的优选的技术方案为：所述内转轴通过轴承并用卡簧固定在轴套内。
本实用新型解决上述技术问题所采用的优选的技术方案为：还包括电机，所述电机驱动所述内转轴转动。
本实用新型解决上述技术问题所采用的优选的技术方案为：所述内转轴的中心设有轴孔，所述电机的转轴与所述轴孔对接。
本实用新型解决上述技术问题所采用的优选的技术方案为：所述环形槽上还设有活动钢珠，所述轴套的壁上设有轴向延伸的腰型孔，所活动钢珠设于所述腰型孔，所述活动钢珠位于所述外套的直线槽内。
本实用新型解决上述技术问题所采用的优选的技术方案为：所述内转轴上设有前后分布的第一环形槽和第二环形槽，第一环形槽上设有第一定位钢珠，第二环形槽上设有第二定位钢珠；
轴套的壁上设有与第一定位钢珠配合的第一定位孔和与第二定位钢珠配合的第二定位孔，所述外套的内壁设有与第一定位钢珠配合的第一直线槽和与第二定位钢珠配合的第二直线槽；
所述第一定位钢珠与第二定位钢珠在内转轴的圆周面上相差180度。
本实用新型解决上述技术问题所采用的优选的技术方案为：第一环形槽上设有三个活动钢珠，所述轴套的壁上设有与三个活动钢珠分别配合的三个腰型孔；所述三个活动 钢珠在内转轴的圆周面上相差90度。
本实用新型解决上述技术问题所采用的优选的技术方案为：所述电机与内转轴之间设有减速齿轮。
本实用新型解决上述技术问题所采用的另一技术方案为：同轴往复运动机构，包括电机、内转轴、输出轴及外套，所述内转轴与所述输出轴处于同一轴线上，所述外套套在所述输出轴外，所述电机驱动所述内转轴转动；
所述内转轴设有至少一条环绕在该轴表面的环形槽，所述环形槽相对于该轴横截面具有一定倾斜角度，所述环形槽上设有一定位钢珠；
所述输出轴包括一轴部及轴部后端的轴套，所述轴套具有一容纳所述内转轴的腔体，所述轴部与所述外套之间设有直线轴承；所述轴套的壁上设有定位孔；
所述外套的内壁设有至少一条轴向延伸的直线槽；所述定位钢珠穿过所述定位孔落入所述直线槽内；
所述内转轴转动，定位钢珠沿着环形槽滚动并被外套内壁的直线槽所束缚沿直线方向滑动，定位钢珠通过定位孔带动所述输出轴作前后伸缩往复运动。
本实用新型解决上述技术问题所采用的另一技术方案的优选为：所述环形槽上还设有活动钢珠，所述轴套的壁上设有轴向延伸的腰型孔，所述活动钢珠设于所述腰型孔，所述活动钢珠位于所述外套的直线槽内。
本实用新型解决上述技术问题所采用的另一技术方案的优选为：所述电机与内转轴之间设有减速齿轮。
本实用新型另一主题为：器具，包括壳体及壳体内的所述同轴往复运动机构。
本实用新型另一主题的优选技术方案为：所述壳体内设有蓄电池，所述蓄电池为同轴往复运动机构内的电机提供电力。
与现有技术相比，本实用新型的优点是：
第一：内转轴与输出端同轴实现同轴输出，设备的直径可以做到更小，避免因为输出轴和输入轴呈角度连接或偏心连接而迫使设备体积增大的情况；
第二：定位钢珠为滚动机构，滑动摩擦力小，本身活动产生的噪音就小。并且环形槽的设置，使得定位钢珠的活动具有连贯性，不需要另外设置回弹机构，这样不仅仅精简了结构，减小了机构所需的体积，更避免了回弹机构运动过程中产生的额外噪音，进 一步实现了同轴往复运动机构的小型化，静音化；
第三，也正因为结构简单，摩擦力小，运行顺滑，所以本实施例的同轴往复运动机构的使用寿命也比传统的斜盘式往复机构、偏心轮式往复机构或连杆式往复机构来得长。
附图说明
以下将结合附图和优选实施例来对本实用新型进行进一步详细描述，但是本领域技术人员将领会的是，这些附图仅是出于解释优选实施例的目的而绘制的，并且因此不应当作为对本实用新型范围的限制。此外，除非特别指出，附图仅示意在概念性地表示所描述对象的组成或构造并可能包含夸张性显示，并且附图也并非一定按比例绘制。
图1为本实用新型的一个优选实施例的电动锉刀的示意图；
图2为本实用新型的一个优选实施例的电动锉刀的剖视图；
图3为本实用新型的一个优选实施例的电动锉刀的爆炸图；
图4为本实用新型的一个优选实施例的同轴往复运动机构的示意图；
图5为本实用新型的一个优选实施例的同轴往复运动机构的剖视图(无活动钢珠)；
图6为本实用新型的一个优选实施例的同轴往复运动机构的爆炸图；
图7为本实用新型的一个优选实施例的同轴往复运动机构的内部结构图一；
图8为本实用新型的一个优选实施例的同轴往复运动机构的内部结构图二；
图9为本实用新型的一个优选实施例的同轴往复运动机构的外套的示意图。
具体实施方式
以下将参考附图来详细描述本实用新型的优选实施例。本领域中的技术人员将领会的是，这些描述仅为描述性的、示例性的，并且不应被解释为限定了本实用新型的保护范围。
应注意到：相似的标号在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中可能不再对其进行进一步定义和解释。
如图1-3所示，本实施例提供了一电动锉刀包括壳体100、位于壳体100内的同轴往复运动机构200，以及连接在同轴往复运动机构200的前端且露出于壳体100前部的锉刀头300。同轴往复运动机构200运动使得锉刀头300前后活动，实现直线作业以对代加工物表面进行挫削。
当然，应当特别说明的是，本实施例的电动锉刀仅仅只是一类器具的代表。这其中的同轴往复运动机构200可以被用于相似的器具中，例如马刀锯、曲线锯、筋膜枪、电动牙刷等，该同轴往复运动机构200驱使器具的作业部或其他部件进行同轴往复运动，从而实现作业效果。
具体地，如图2-6所示，本实施例中同轴往复运动机构200包括内转轴1、输出轴2及外套3，内转轴1与输出轴2沿同一轴线设置，外套3套在输出轴2外。
其中，内转轴1设有至少一条环绕在该轴表面的环形槽10，环形槽10相对于该轴横截面具有一定倾斜角度，环形槽10上设有一定位钢珠4，定位钢珠4与环形槽10适配，内转轴1转动过程中定位钢珠4沿着环形槽10的延伸方向活动。
如图5、6所示，输出轴2包括一轴部21及轴部21后端的轴套22，轴部21和轴套22沿同一轴线设置。轴套22具有一容纳内转轴1的腔体L，腔体L向后开口以供内转轴1装配在内。轴套22的壁上设有定位孔a，定位钢珠4穿过定位孔a，从而使得定位钢珠4的活动与输出轴2相关联。
如图5、9所示，外套3的内壁设有至少一条轴向延伸的直线槽b，该直线槽b与定位孔a的位置向对应，定位钢珠4穿过定位孔a落入直线槽b内，且定位钢珠4在外套3的径向方向上的活动被限制，仅能沿着直线槽b直线移动。也就是说定位钢珠4在径向角度的位置是被固定的，但轴向是可以活动的。
当内转轴1转动，意味着环形槽10的位置发生了改变，这就使得在其上一固定的径向角度上环形槽10的轴向位置发生改变，使得定位钢珠4被外套3内壁的直线槽b所束缚，又被迫沿着环形槽10滚动，从而沿直线方向滑动而轴向位置发生改变。
应当说明的是，定位孔a为与定位钢珠4直径适配的孔，即定位钢珠4的球面与定位孔a的间隙可以忽略，定位钢珠4直线活动势必对定位孔a的孔壁施加作用力，从而同向推动输出轴2活动。
并且，因为环形槽10为一个封闭环形，且相对于该轴横截面具有一定倾斜角度。这就意味着内转轴1转动180度时，定位钢珠4推动输出轴2到达一轴向距离极值，再转动180度，即旋转一周后，定位钢珠4又带动输出轴2回到另一个轴向距离极值，从而输出轴2作前后伸缩往复运动。
综上可见，本实施例中通过环形槽10、定位钢珠4、定位孔a、直线槽b之间的相 互配合，将内转轴1的周向旋转运动转化为输出轴2的直线往复运动。与连杆式和偏心轮式往复机构相比，本实施例中内转轴1与输出端同轴设置，使得机构呈同轴延伸状态，设备的直径可以做到更小，避免因为输出轴2和输入轴呈角度连接或偏心连接而迫使设备体积增大的情况。
而且，在本实施例中，定位钢珠4为滚动机构，在整个往复运动，始终是其的滚动在带动输出轴2的活动，因此滑动摩擦力小，本身活动产生的噪音就小。更重要的是因为环形槽10的设置，使得定位钢珠4的活动具有连贯性，也就是转动一周后输出轴2能自动回位，不需要另外设置回弹机构，这样不仅仅精简了结构，进一步减小了机构所需的体积，更避免了回弹机构运动过程中产生的额外噪音，进一步实现了同轴往复运动机构200的小型化，静音化。
此外，也正因为结构简单，摩擦力小，运行顺滑，所以本实施例的同轴往复运动机构200的使用寿命也比传统的斜盘式往复机构、偏心轮式往复机构或连杆式往复机构来得长。
应当说明的是，环形槽10可以从前往后倾斜也可以从后往前倾斜，可以多条环形槽10两两之间相互平行，也可以两两之间倾斜角度互为补角。但无论如何设置环形槽10，其上的定位钢珠4都应该被设置为同步同向移动。
如图5-8所示，内转轴1上设有前后分布的第一环形槽101和第二环形槽102，第一环形槽101上设有第一定位钢珠4a，第二环形槽102上设有第二定位钢珠4b，轴套22的壁上设有与第一定位钢珠4a配合的第一定位孔a1和与第二定位钢珠4b配合的第二定位孔a2，外套3的内壁设有与第一定位钢珠4a配合的第一直线槽b1和与第二定位钢珠4b配合的第二直线槽b2。
在本实施例中，第一环形槽101和第二环形槽102的倾斜角度互补。第一定位钢珠4a和第二定位钢珠4b在内转轴1的圆周面上相差180度。首先应当明确的是，这样的设置使得第一定位钢珠4a和第二定位钢珠4b能够在内转轴1转动时同步同向推动输出轴2，两者之间不会产生干扰是相互协同作用。而且这样的方式，使得输出轴2的两侧都具有导向的滑动结构，避免轴向运动时因受力不均而发生偏斜，进一步保证了整个同轴往复运动机构200运动的流畅性，也进一步避免额外摩擦力的产生，为设备静音化提供保障。
进一步地，如图6-8所示，环形槽10上还设有活动钢珠5，活动钢珠5也与环形槽10适配，内转轴1转动过程中活动钢珠5同样也沿着环形槽10滚动。但是与定位钢珠4不同的是，活动钢珠5并不推动输出轴2。这是因为轴套22的壁上设有轴向延伸的腰型孔c，腰型孔c的长度为输出轴2往复运动的行程长度，即环形槽10在内转轴1的轴线上的轴向距离。
活动钢珠5自轴套22内部的内转轴1的环形槽10，穿过腰型孔c，并被容纳在外套3的直线槽b中。需要特别说明的是，根据活动钢珠5的设置位置不同，这里的直线槽b可以是定位钢珠4所在的直线槽b，也可以是另外开设的用于避让活动钢珠5的直线槽b。
当内转轴1转动，定位钢珠4推动轴套22，而活动钢珠5则在腰型孔c的内活动并不对腰型孔c的孔壁施加作用力。
之所以设置活动钢珠5，是为了进一步消除轴套22与外套3之间间隙，使得输出轴2的运动更顺滑和稳定。因此，优选地，第一环形槽101和第二环形槽102上一共设置4个活动钢珠5且每个活动钢珠5之间在内转轴1的圆周面上相差90度。
如图7-8所示，优选地，本实施例中，第一环形槽101设置三个第一活动钢珠5a，一个第一定位钢珠4a，而第一环形槽101设置一个第二定位钢珠4b和一个第二活动钢珠5b。轴套22的壁上设有与三个第一活动钢珠5a分别配合的三个第一腰型孔c1，三个第一活动钢珠5a和第一定位钢珠4a在内转轴1的圆周面上两两相差90度。轴套22的壁上设有与第二活动钢珠5b配合的第二腰型孔c2，第二定位钢珠4b与第一定位钢珠4a呈180度，第二活动钢珠5b与第一定位钢珠4a位于同侧。
四个角度的活动钢珠5对轴套22与外套3起到四个角度的支撑，从而保证了轴套22与外套3的同轴度，进一步保证了输出轴2活动的灵活性。
如图2、3、6所示，轴部21与外套3之间设有直线轴承6，直线轴承6与外套3紧配或者两端设卡簧防止前后窜动。直线轴承6内壁上的沿轴向设置的滚珠g作用于输出轴2的轴部21，可省去输出轴2直接与外套3内孔松配而使用润滑脂，此外滚珠g还能降低前后运动阻力，进一步保障输出轴2往复运动的顺利进行。
如图3、5所示，内转轴1从后往前伸入轴套22的腔体内，内转轴1和轴套22内壁之间设有轴承7，轴承7的设置不仅对内转轴1起到支撑作用，而且也更有利于内转 轴1的周向转动。并且轴承后侧用卡簧8固定，以使得内转轴1可转动地被限位在轴套22内。
如图3、5所示，同轴往复运动机构200还包括电机9，电机9的转轴同轴连接内转轴1，电机9转动驱动内转轴1旋转。优选地，电机9与内转轴1之间设有减速齿轮。
优选地，内转轴1的中心设有轴孔f，电机9的转轴r与轴孔对接。两者优选采用拔插式地配合方式，且轴孔为非圆形孔，即轴孔内势必存在一限制转轴和轴孔周向转动的限位面。优选地，轴孔为五角形孔、方形孔及其他正多边形孔。
如图2所示，因为电机9运动需要电力支持，为了实现无线作业，提高器具应用的便携性，本实施例所提供的器具的壳体100中还设置有用于安装蓄电池400的电池仓和相关连接电路。蓄电池400装配在电池仓内，并通过连接电路为同轴往复运动机构200内的电机9提供电力支持。
以上对本实用新型所提供进行了同轴往复运动机构及器具介绍，本文中应用了具体个例对本实用新型的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本实用新型及核心思想。应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本实用新型原理的前提下，还可以对本实用新型进行若干改进和修饰，这些改进和修饰也落入本实用新型权利要求的保护范围内。

Claims (14)

  1. 同轴往复运动机构，其特征在于包括内转轴、输出轴及外套，所述内转轴与所述输出轴处于同一轴线上，所述外套套在所述输出轴外；
    所述内转轴设有至少一条环绕在内转轴表面的环形槽，所述环形槽相对于内转轴的横截面具有一定倾斜角度，所述环形槽上设有一定位钢珠；
    所述输出轴包括一轴部及轴部后端的轴套；所述轴套具有一容纳所述内转轴的腔体；所述轴套的壁上设有定位孔；
    所述外套的内壁设有至少一条轴向延伸的直线槽；所述定位钢珠穿过所述定位孔落入所述直线槽内；
    所述内转轴转动，定位钢珠沿着环形槽滚动并被外套内壁的直线槽所束缚沿直线方向滑动，定位钢珠通过定位孔带动所述输出轴作前后伸缩往复运动。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述同轴往复运动机构，其特征在于所述轴部与所述外套之间设有直线轴承。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述同轴往复运动机构，其特征在于所述内转轴通过轴承并用卡簧固定在轴套内。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述同轴往复运动机构，其特征在于还包括电机，所述电机驱动所述内转轴转动。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述同轴往复运动机构，其特征在于所述内转轴的中心设有轴孔，所述电机的转轴与所述轴孔对接。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述同轴往复运动机构，其特征在于所述环形槽上还设有活动钢珠，所述轴套的壁上设有轴向延伸的腰型孔，所述活动钢珠设于所述腰型孔，所述活动钢珠位于所述外套的直线槽内。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述同轴往复运动机构，其特征在于所述内转轴上设有前后分布的第一环形槽和第二环形槽，第一环形槽上设有第一定位钢珠，第二环形槽上设有第二定位钢珠；
    轴套的壁上设有与第一定位钢珠配合的第一定位孔和与第二定位钢珠配合的第二 定位孔，所述外套的内壁设有与第一定位钢珠配合的第一直线槽和与第二定位钢珠配合的第二直线槽；
    所述第一定位钢珠与第二定位钢珠在内转轴的圆周面上相差180度。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述同轴往复运动机构，其特征在于第一环形槽上设有三个活动钢珠，所述轴套的壁上设有与三个活动钢珠分别配合的三个腰型孔；所述三个活动钢珠在内转轴的圆周面上相差90度。
  9. 根据权利要求4所述同轴往复运动机构，其特征在于所述电机与内转轴之间设有减速齿轮。
  10. 同轴往复运动机构，其特征在于包括电机、内转轴、输出轴及外套，所述内转轴与所述输出轴处于同一轴线上，所述外套套在所述输出轴外，所述电机驱动所述内转轴转动；
    所述内转轴设有至少一条环绕在内转轴表面的环形槽，所述环形槽相对于内转轴的横截面具有一定倾斜角度，所述环形槽上设有一定位钢珠；
    所述输出轴包括一轴部及轴部后端的轴套，所述轴套具有一容纳所述内转轴的腔体，所述轴部与所述外套之间设有直线轴承；所述轴套的壁上设有定位孔；
    所述外套的内壁设有至少一条轴向延伸的直线槽；所述定位钢珠穿过所述定位孔落入所述直线槽内；
    所述内转轴转动，定位钢珠沿着环形槽滚动并被外套内壁的直线槽所束缚沿直线方向滑动，定位钢珠通过定位孔带动所述输出轴作前后伸缩往复运动。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述同轴往复运动机构，其特征在于所述环形槽上还设有活动钢珠，所述轴套的壁上设有轴向延伸的腰型孔，所活动钢珠设于所述腰型孔，所述活动钢珠位于所述外套的直线槽内。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述同轴往复运动机构，其特征在于所述电机与内转轴之间设有减速齿轮。
  13. 器具，其特征在于包括壳体及壳体内的如权利要求1-12任一所述同轴往复运动机构。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述器具，其特征在于所述壳体内设有蓄电池，所述蓄电池为同 轴往复运动机构内的电机提供电力。
PCT/CN2022/111613 2022-05-06 2022-08-11 同轴往复运动机构及器具 Ceased WO2023213021A1 (zh)

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CN114673769A (zh) * 2022-05-06 2022-06-28 吴吉东 同轴往复运动机构及器具

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JP2000291762A (ja) * 1999-04-13 2000-10-20 Makita Corp 往復運動機構及び往復運動機構を用いた電動工具
US20110247847A1 (en) * 2010-04-07 2011-10-13 Robert Bosch Gmbh Drive mechanism for a reciprocating tool
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CN214661890U (zh) * 2021-03-01 2021-11-09 江苏大艺机电工具有限公司 一种非偏心的往复运动结构
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