WO2023202017A1 - 一种设有多电流输入接线柱的碱水电解槽装置 - Google Patents

一种设有多电流输入接线柱的碱水电解槽装置 Download PDF

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WO2023202017A1
WO2023202017A1 PCT/CN2022/127080 CN2022127080W WO2023202017A1 WO 2023202017 A1 WO2023202017 A1 WO 2023202017A1 CN 2022127080 W CN2022127080 W CN 2022127080W WO 2023202017 A1 WO2023202017 A1 WO 2023202017A1
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terminals
group
current input
alkaline water
device provided
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张存满
邓凌澳
金黎明
耿振
吕洪
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Tongji University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/60—Constructional parts of cells
    • C25B9/65—Means for supplying current; Electrode connections; Electric inter-cell connections
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
    • C25B1/01—Products
    • C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
    • C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
    • C25B15/02—Process control or regulation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
    • C25B15/02—Process control or regulation
    • C25B15/023—Measuring, analysing or testing during electrolytic production
    • C25B15/025—Measuring, analysing or testing during electrolytic production of electrolyte parameters
    • C25B15/033—Conductivity
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/133—Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight

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  • the invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen production through electrolysis of water, and in particular to an alkaline water electrolyzer device provided with multiple current input terminals.
  • Hydrogen energy is a brand-new energy system, and its preparation process is the key core.
  • Alkaline electrolysis of water for hydrogen production can be coupled with electricity, and the electrolyzer also has a certain adaptability to power fluctuations.
  • the advantage of this method is that the hydrogen produced is of high purity, the subsequent purification process is simple, and the raw material for hydrogen production is water, so there is no need to worry Insufficient resources problem.
  • alkaline electrolyzer technology With the development of alkaline electrolyzer technology, the research demand for large-scale alkaline electrolyzers has gradually increased.
  • the electrolysis chamber generally only receives the current input from one terminal and outputs it from another terminal, such as the Chinese patent “A Vehicle-mounted Hydrogen Fuel Cell Electrolysis Generation Cell” (Authorization No. CN201821714922.9) and the Chinese Patent “A hydrogen production device for electrolyzing water” (CN201721469473.1).
  • the input current density is large. Due to the influence of bubbles, mass transfer, heat transfer and other factors, the resistance distribution in the electrolysis cell for a single current input terminal is extremely uneven, which in turn causes the current Uneven distribution makes the electrolytic cell work unstable.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to solve the above problems and provide an alkaline water electrolyzer device equipped with multiple current input terminals.
  • the current distribution is improved and the distribution tends to be uniform, so that the electrolyzer can Stable job.
  • An alkaline water electrolyzer device provided with multiple current input terminals, including a tank body and an electrolytic diaphragm installed in the tank body.
  • the electrolytic diaphragm divides the inner cavity of the tank body into two independent chambers. : Cathode cavity and anode cavity;
  • the cathode cavity is provided with a cathode electrode, and the anode cavity is provided with an anode electrode.
  • the cathode electrode is connected to the first group of terminals, and the anode electrode is connected to the second group of terminals,
  • the first group of terminals and the second group of terminals are composed of a plurality of terminals and are respectively connected to the cathode electrode and the anode electrode.
  • the current input and output of the first group of terminals and the second group of terminals are controlled respectively.
  • the electrolytic tank is a closed box, and the electrolytic diaphragm is installed vertically in the middle part of the tank.
  • the lower part of the cathode chamber is provided with a liquid inlet for introducing the electrolyte, and the upper part is provided with a hydrogen gas channel.
  • liquid inlet is connected to a water pump and an electrolyte storage tank, and the input electrolyte is potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide solution.
  • an electrolyte inlet is provided in the lower part of the anode chamber, and an oxygen channel is provided in the upper part.
  • liquid inlet is connected to a water pump and an electrolyte storage tank, and the input electrolyte is potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide solution.
  • tops of the first group of terminals and the second group of terminals are connected to the pulse voltage generator through wires.
  • first group of terminals and the second group of terminals are respectively provided with a plurality of terminals.
  • connecting posts are arranged around the circumference of the cathode electrode and the anode electrode.
  • first group of terminals and the second group of terminals are respectively provided with 3-6 terminals, and are arranged at equal intervals around the cathode electrode and the anode electrode.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the present invention uses multiple current input terminals to provide current for electrolysis in the electrolysis cell.
  • This structural arrangement fully considers the problem of uneven resistance distribution inside the alkaline electrolytic cell during electrolysis under large current.
  • the current during electrolysis will be from multiple sources. Input from different directions, due to the uniformity of the distribution of terminals, the current superposition effect in each area tends to be consistent, and the current distribution tends to be uniform, balancing the current distribution in the electrolysis cell; at the same time, the design of multiple terminals facilitates accurate current distribution Control can effectively adjust the working status of the electrolyzer, avoid excessive regional reactions, and ensure production safety.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of this electrolytic cell
  • Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the cathode electrode (3 terminals);
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the cathode electrode (6 binding posts); in the figure, 1 is the tank, 2 is the diaphragm, 3 is the hydrogen channel, 4 is the oxygen channel, 5 is the first set of binding posts, and 6 is the second set of wiring.
  • Column, 7 is the cathode electrode, 8 is the anode electrode, 9 is the liquid inlet, and 10 is the electrolyte liquid inlet.
  • FIG 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an alkaline water electrolyzer device of the present invention.
  • the electrolyzer is a closed box.
  • An electrolysis diaphragm 2 is installed vertically in the middle of the tank 1.
  • Hydrogen gas chambers are installed on the left and right sides above the tank.
  • Channel 3 and oxygen channel 4 are equipped with a first set of terminals 5 and a second set of terminals 6 evenly distributed on the left and right sides of the middle part outside the tank, as shown in Figure 2.
  • the first group of terminal posts 5 and the second group of terminal posts 6 both penetrate the tank body 1.
  • the bottom of the first group of terminal posts 5 is connected to the cathode electrode 7, and the bottom of the second group of terminal posts 6 is connected to the anode electrode 8.
  • a liquid inlet 9 is provided at the lower part of the left side, and an electrolyte liquid inlet 10 is provided at the lower part of the right side of the tank body.
  • the electrolyte enters the electrolytic cell through the liquid inlet 9, and the external power supply inputs current from three directions toward the anode electrode 8 through the second group of terminals 6. After passing through the electrolyte, diaphragm 2 and cathode electrode 7, it passes through the first group. Terminal 5 outputs for electrolysis process. The hydrogen produced during the electrolysis process is discharged through the hydrogen channel 3, and the oxygen produced is discharged through the oxygen channel 4.
  • the tops of the first group of terminal posts 5 and the second group of terminal posts 6 can be connected to the pulse voltage generator through wires.
  • the liquid inlet 9 can be connected to a water pump and an electrolyte storage tank, and the input electrolyte is potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide solution.
  • the electrolyte inlet 10 can be connected to a water pump and an electrolyte storage tank, and the input electrolyte is potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide solution.
  • the hydrogen channel 3 and the oxygen channel 4 can be connected to gas purification and drying devices.
  • the current input and output of the first group of terminals 5 and the second group of terminals 6 can be controlled separately. At the same time, this design is not limited to designing a total of three terminals in the same group. Four or five terminals can be designed as needed. .
  • This device uses multiple current input terminals to provide current for electrolysis in the electrolysis cell.
  • This structural setting fully considers the problem of uneven resistance distribution inside the alkaline electrolytic cell during electrolysis under high current.
  • the current during electrolysis will be from multiple Input from different directions, due to the uniformity of the distribution of terminals, the current superposition effect in each area tends to be consistent, and the current distribution tends to be uniform, balancing the current distribution in the electrolysis cell; at the same time, the design of multiple terminals facilitates precise control of current distribution , can effectively adjust the working status of the electrolyzer, avoid excessive regional reactions, and ensure production safety.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种设有多电流输入接线柱的碱水电解槽装置，包括槽体以及安装在所述槽体内的电解隔膜，所述电解隔膜将所述槽体的内腔分割形成两个独立的腔室：阴极腔和阳极腔；所述阴极腔内设有阴极电极，所述阳极腔内设有阳极电极，所述阴极电极连接第一组接线柱，所述阳极电极连接第二组接线柱，所述第一组接线柱与第二组接线柱均由多个接线柱组成，分别连接在所述阴极电极及阳极电极的不同位置。本发明通过采用多电流输入接线柱设计，改善电流分布，使其分布趋向均匀，使电解槽得以稳定工作。

Description

一种设有多电流输入接线柱的碱水电解槽装置 技术领域
本发明涉及电解水制氢技术领域，具体涉及一种设有多电流输入接线柱的碱水电解槽装置。
背景技术
化石能源的不可再生性以及随之带来的大气污染与全球变暖问题导致人们将眼光投向了以氢能为代表的可再生能源。氢能作为全新的能源体系，其制备过程是关键的核心。碱性电解水制氢可以与电力进行耦合，电解槽也具有一定的功率波动适应性，这种方法的优势在于制得的氢气纯度高，后续提纯过程简单，且制氢原料为水，无需担心资源不足问题。随着碱性电解槽技术的发展，对于大型碱水电解槽的研究需求逐步提高。
现有的电解槽技术下电解小室一般只接收一个接线柱输入的电流并从另一个接线柱输出，例如中国专利“一种车载氢燃料电池电解发生槽”(授权号CN201821714922.9)以及中国专利“一种电解水制氢装置”(CN201721469473.1)。
然而，对于大型的碱水电解槽，输入的电流密度大，由于气泡、传质和传热等因素的影响，对于单一的电流输入接线柱电解小室内的电阻分配极不均匀，进而会导致电流分布不均，使电解槽工作无法稳定。
发明内容
本发明的目的就是为了解决上述问题而提供一种设有多电流输入接线柱的碱水电解槽装置，通过采用多电流输入接线柱设计，改善电流分布，使其分布趋向均匀，使电解槽得以稳定工作。
本发明的目的通过以下技术方案实现：
一种设有多电流输入接线柱的碱水电解槽装置，包括槽体以及安装在所述槽体内的电解隔膜，所述电解隔膜将所述槽体的内腔分割形成两个独立的腔室：阴极腔和阳极腔；
所述阴极腔内设有阴极电极，所述阳极腔内设有阳极电极，
所述阴极电极连接第一组接线柱，所述阳极电极连接第二组接线柱，
所述第一组接线柱与第二组接线柱均由多个接线柱组成，分别连接在所述阴极电极及阳极电极上。
其中，第一组接线柱和第二组接线柱的电流输入输出分别进行控制。
进一步地，所述电解槽为封闭箱体，所述槽体内部的中间部位竖直安装所述电解隔膜。
进一步地，所述阴极腔的下部设置用于通入电解液的进液口，上部设置氢气通道。
进一步地，所述进液口与水泵、电解液储存箱相连，输入的电解液为氢氧化钾或氢氧化钠溶液。
进一步地，所述阳极腔的下部设置电解液进液口，上部设置氧气通道。
进一步地，所述进液口与水泵、电解液储存箱相连，输入的电解液为氢氧化钾或氢氧化钠溶液。
进一步地，所述第一组接线柱和第二组接线柱的顶部通过导线与脉冲电压发生器连接。
进一步地，所述第一组接线柱与第二组接线柱分别设有多个接线柱。
进一步地，所述接线柱环绕所述阴极电极和阳极电极的圆周设置。
进一步地，所述第一组接线柱与第二组接线柱分别设有3-6个，等间距环绕所述阴极电极和阳极电极设置。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下有益效果：
本发明采用了多个电流输入接线柱为电解小室内电解提供电流，这种结构设置充分考虑了大电流下电解时碱性电解槽内部的电阻分布不均问题，进行电解时的电流将从多个不同方向输入，由于接线柱分布的均匀性，各个区域受到的电流叠加效应趋向一致，电流分布趋向均匀，平衡了电解小室内的电流分布；同时多个接线柱的设计方便对电流分布进行精确调控，可以有效调节电解槽的工作状态，避免出现区域反应过于剧烈的情况，保障了生产安全。
附图说明
图1为本电解槽的结构示意图；
图2为阴极电极剖面示意图(3根接线柱)；
图3为阴极电极剖面示意图(6根接线柱)；图中，1为槽体，2为隔膜，3为 氢气通道，4为氧气通道，5为第一组接线柱，6为第二组接线柱，7为阴极电极，8为阳极电极，9为进液口，10为电解液进液口。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明进行详细说明。
图1为本发明碱水电解槽装置的结构示意图，该装置中，电解槽为封闭箱体，槽体1内部的中间部位竖直安装着电解隔膜2，槽体上方的左右两边分别设置了氢气通道3和氧气通道4，槽体外部的中间部位左右两侧安装有均匀分布的第一组接线柱5和第二组接线柱6，如图2，每组接线柱共三个；如图3，在另一实施例中，设置6根接线柱。第一组接线柱5和第二组接线柱6均与槽体1贯穿，第一组接线柱5的底部连接阴极电极7，第二组接线柱6的底部与阳极电极8连接，，槽体外左侧面的下部设置有进液口9，槽体外右侧面的下部设置有电解液进液口10。
具体实施时，电解液通过进液口9进入电解槽，外接电源通过第二组接线柱6从三个方向朝阳极电极8输入电流，经过电解质、隔膜2以及阴极电极7后再通过第一组接线柱5输出，进行电解过程。电解过程产生的氢气通过氢气通道3排出，产生的氧气通过氧气通道4排出。
其中第一组接线柱5和第二组接线柱6的顶部可通过导线与脉冲电压发生器连接。
其中进液口9可与水泵、电解液储存箱相连，输入电解液为氢氧化钾或氢氧化钠溶液。
其中电解液进液口10可与水泵、电解液储存箱相连，输入电解液为氢氧化钾或氢氧化钠溶液。
其中氢气通道3和氧气通道4可再连接气体纯化干燥等装置。
其中第一组接线柱5和第二组接线柱6的电流输入输出可以分别控制，同时本设计方案不仅限于同一组接线柱共设计三个，可根据需要设计四个、五个等接线柱数目。
本装置采用多个电流输入接线柱为电解小室内电解提供电流，这种结构设置充分考虑了大电流下电解时碱性电解槽内部的电阻分布不均问题，进行电解时的电流将从多个不同方向输入，由于接线柱分布的均匀性，各个区域受到的电流叠加效应趋向一致，电流分布趋向均匀，平衡了电解小室内的电流分布；同时多个接线柱的 设计方便对电流分布进行精确调控，可以有效调节电解槽的工作状态，避免出现区域反应过于剧烈的情况，保障了生产安全。
上述的对实施例的描述是为便于该技术领域的普通技术人员能理解和使用发明。熟悉本领域技术的人员显然可以容易地对这些实施例做出各种修改，并把在此说明的一般原理应用到其他实施例中而不必经过创造性的劳动。因此，本发明不限于上述实施例，本领域技术人员根据本发明的揭示，不脱离本发明范畴所做出的改进和修改都应该在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种设有多电流输入接线柱的碱水电解槽装置，其特征在于，包括槽体(1)以及安装在所述槽体(1)内的电解隔膜(2)，所述电解隔膜(2)将所述槽体(1)的内腔分割形成两个独立的腔室：阴极腔和阳极腔；
    所述阴极腔内设有阴极电极(7)，所述阳极腔内设有阳极电极(8)，其特征在于，
    所述阴极电极(7)连接第一组接线柱(5)，所述阳极电极(8)连接第二组接线柱(6)，
    所述第一组接线柱(5)与第二组接线柱(6)均由多个接线柱组成，分别连接在所述阴极电极(7)及阳极电极(8)上。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种设有多电流输入接线柱的碱水电解槽装置，其特征在于，所述电解槽为封闭箱体，所述槽体(1)内部的中间部位竖直安装所述电解隔膜(2)。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种设有多电流输入接线柱的碱水电解槽装置，其特征在于，所述阴极腔的下部设置用于通入电解液的进液口(9)，上部设置氢气通道(3)。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种设有多电流输入接线柱的碱水电解槽装置，其特征在于，所述进液口(9)与水泵、电解液储存箱相连，输入的电解液为氢氧化钾或氢氧化钠溶液。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种设有多电流输入接线柱的碱水电解槽装置，其特征在于，所述阳极腔的下部设置电解液进液口(10)，上部设置氧气通道(4)。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种设有多电流输入接线柱的碱水电解槽装置，其特征在于，所述电解液进液口(10)与水泵、电解液储存箱相连，输入的电解液为氢氧化钾或氢氧化钠溶液。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种设有多电流输入接线柱的碱水电解槽装置，其特征在于，所述第一组接线柱(5)和第二组接线柱(6)的顶部通过导线与脉冲电压发生器连接。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种设有多电流输入接线柱的碱水电解槽装置，其特征在于，所述第一组接线柱(5)与第二组接线柱(6)分别设有多个接线柱。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的一种设有多电流输入接线柱的碱水电解槽装置，其特征在于，所述接线柱环绕所述阴极电极(7)和阳极电极(8)的圆周设置。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的一种设有多电流输入接线柱的碱水电解槽装置，其特征在于，所述第一组接线柱(5)与第二组接线柱(6)分别设有3-6个，等间距环绕所述阴极电极(7)和阳极电极(8)设置。
PCT/CN2022/127080 2022-04-20 2022-10-24 一种设有多电流输入接线柱的碱水电解槽装置 Ceased WO2023202017A1 (zh)

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