WO2023189227A1 - 半導体装置、その製造方法、及び電子機器 - Google Patents
半導体装置、その製造方法、及び電子機器 Download PDFInfo
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- H10W80/312—Bonding techniques, e.g. hybrid bonding characterised by the direct bonding of electrically conductive pads
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- H10W80/327—Bonding techniques, e.g. hybrid bonding characterised by the direct bonding of insulating parts, e.g. of silicon oxide layers
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- H10W90/791—Package configurations characterised by the relative positions of pads or connectors relative to package parts of direct-bonded pads
- H10W90/792—Package configurations characterised by the relative positions of pads or connectors relative to package parts of direct-bonded pads between multiple chips
Definitions
- the present technology (technology according to the present disclosure) relates to a semiconductor device, a manufacturing method thereof, and an electronic device, and particularly relates to a semiconductor device in which a plurality of semiconductor chips are bonded together, a manufacturing method thereof, and an electronic device.
- Patent Document 1 discloses stacking chips on a transparent support substrate using a chip-on-wafer method.
- An object of the present technology is to provide a semiconductor device capable of detecting bonding deviation between chips (having a configuration capable of detecting bonding deviation), a manufacturing method thereof, and an electronic device.
- a semiconductor device includes a semiconductor device having a first bonding surface on one side, and a first bonding surface including a first region and a second region other than the first region.
- a second semiconductor chip having a size smaller in plan view than the first semiconductor chip, one surface of which is a second bonding surface, and the second bonding surface being bonded to the first region;
- the first semiconductor chip has a first sensing electrode facing the first region, a second sensing electrode facing the first region and surrounding the first sensing electrode, and a second sensing electrode facing the first region and surrounding the first sensing electrode, and a second sensing electrode facing the first region and surrounding the first sensing electrode.
- the width of the pad electrode is smaller than the distance between the portions of the second sensing electrode that face each other with the first sensing electrode interposed therebetween, and greater than the distance between the sensing electrode and the sensing electrode.
- a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device includes a semiconductor wafer having a plurality of chip regions that become first semiconductor chips when divided, and one surface of which is a first bonding surface; a second semiconductor chip having a visual size smaller than the chip region and one surface of which is a second bonding surface; each of the chip regions is connected to a first region of the first bonding surface; , a second region of the first joint surface other than the first region; a first sensing electrode facing the first region; and a second sensing electrode facing the first region and surrounding the first sensing electrode.
- a second sensing electrode a first testing electrode and a second testing electrode facing the second region, a first connection wiring that electrically connects the first sensing electrode to the first testing electrode, and a second sensing electrode.
- a second connection wiring that electrically connects the electrode to the second test electrode, the second semiconductor chip has a pad electrode facing the second bonding surface, and the width of the pad electrode is: The pad electrode and the aligning the second semiconductor chip and the chip region so that they overlap with the first sensing electrode, and bonding the second bonding surface of the second semiconductor chip to the first region of the chip region;
- the method includes determining the quality of the bond between the second semiconductor chip and the chip region based on the presence or absence of electrical continuity between the first test electrode and the second test electrode.
- An electronic device includes the semiconductor device described above and an optical system that forms image light from a subject on the semiconductor device.
- FIG. 1 is a chip layout diagram showing a configuration example of a photodetection device according to a first embodiment of the present technology.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a photodetection device according to a first embodiment of the present technology.
- FIG. 2 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a pixel of the photodetection device according to the first embodiment of the present technology.
- FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a cross-sectional structure of a photodetection device according to a first embodiment of the present technology.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a planar configuration of a semiconductor wafer according to a first embodiment of the present technology.
- 5A is a plan view showing the configuration of a chip region by enlarging region C in FIG. 5A.
- 5B is a plan view showing the planar configuration of the chip region in FIG. 5B.
- FIG. FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the positional relationship between a pad electrode and a detection electrode included in the photodetection device according to the first embodiment of the present technology.
- 6A is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a cross-sectional structure when the positional relationship shown in FIG. 6A is viewed in cross-section along the line BB in FIG. 5C.
- FIG. FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the positional relationship between a pad electrode and a detection electrode included in the photodetection device according to the first embodiment of the present technology.
- FIG. 7A is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a cross-sectional structure when the positional relationship shown in FIG. 7A is viewed in cross section along the BB cutting line in FIG. 5C.
- FIG. FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the positional relationship between a pad electrode and a detection electrode included in the photodetection device according to the first embodiment of the present technology.
- 8A is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a cross-sectional structure when the positional relationship shown in FIG. 8A is viewed in cross section along the BB cutting line in FIG. 5C.
- FIG. 1A and 1B are schematic process cross-sectional views showing a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device according to a first embodiment of the present technology.
- FIG. 1A and 1B are schematic process cross-sectional views showing a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device according to a first embodiment of the present technology.
- FIG. 9A is a schematic process cross-sectional view following FIG. 9A.
- FIG. 9B is a schematic process cross-sectional view following FIG. 9B.
- FIG. 9C is a schematic process cross-sectional view following FIG. 9C.
- FIG. 9D is a schematic process cross-sectional view following FIG. 9D.
- FIG. 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing an example of bonding using a wafer-on-wafer method.
- FIG. 7 is a plan view showing the positional relationship between a pad electrode and a sensing electrode included in the photodetecting device according to Modification 1 of the first embodiment of the present technology.
- 11A is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a cross-sectional structure when the positional relationship shown in FIG.
- FIG. 11A is viewed in cross-section along the line BB in FIG. 5C.
- FIG. FIG. 7 is a plan view showing the positional relationship between a pad electrode and a detection electrode included in a photodetection device according to a second modification of the first embodiment of the present technology.
- 12A is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a cross-sectional structure when the positional relationship shown in FIG. 12A is viewed in cross-section along the line BB in FIG. 5C.
- FIG. FIG. 7 is a plan view showing the positional relationship between a pad electrode and a detection electrode included in a photodetection device according to a second modification of the first embodiment of the present technology.
- FIG. 13A is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a cross-sectional structure when the positional relationship shown in FIG. 13A is viewed in cross-section along the BB cutting line in FIG. 5C.
- FIG. FIG. 7 is a plan view showing the positional relationship between a pad electrode and a detection electrode included in a photodetection device according to a third modification of the first embodiment of the present technology.
- 14A is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a cross-sectional structure when the positional relationship shown in FIG. 14A is viewed in cross section along the BB cutting line in FIG. 5C.
- FIG. 7 is a plan view showing the positional relationship between a pad electrode and a detection electrode included in a photodetection device according to a fourth modification of the first embodiment of the present technology.
- FIG. 7 is a plan view showing the positional relationship between a pad electrode and a sensing electrode included in a photodetecting device according to a fifth modification of the first embodiment of the present technology.
- FIG. 7 is a plan view showing the positional relationship between a pad electrode and a detection electrode included in a photodetection device according to a sixth modification of the first embodiment of the present technology.
- FIG. 7 is a plan view showing the positional relationship between a pad electrode and a detection electrode included in a photodetection device according to a seventh modification of the first embodiment of the present technology.
- FIG. 7 is a plan view showing the positional relationship between a pad electrode and a detection electrode included in a photodetection device according to a seventh modification of the first embodiment of the present technology.
- FIG. 7 is a plan view showing the positional relationship between a pad electrode and a detection electrode included in a photodetection device according to Modification 8 of the first embodiment of the present technology.
- FIG. 7 is a plan view showing the positional relationship between a pad electrode and a sensing electrode included in a photodetecting device according to a ninth modification of the first embodiment of the present technology.
- FIG. 7 is a plan view showing the positional relationship between a pad electrode and a sensing electrode included in a photodetecting device according to a ninth modification of the first embodiment of the present technology.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an example of a schematic configuration of an electronic device.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an example of a schematic configuration of a vehicle control system.
- FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of installation positions of an outside-vehicle information detection section and an imaging section.
- CMOS Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor
- the photodetector 1 is an example of a semiconductor device.
- a photodetecting device 1 according to a first embodiment of the present technology is mainly configured with a semiconductor chip 2 having a rectangular two-dimensional planar shape when viewed from above. That is, the photodetector 1 is mounted on the semiconductor chip 2.
- this photodetecting device 1 captures image light (incident light 106) from a subject through an optical system (optical lens) 102, and the light intensity of the incident light 106 formed on an imaging surface. is converted into an electrical signal for each pixel and output as a pixel signal.
- a semiconductor chip 2 on which a photodetector 1 is mounted has a rectangular pixel area 2A provided at the center and a rectangular pixel area 2A provided at the center in a two-dimensional plane including an X direction and a Y direction that intersect with each other.
- a peripheral region 2B is provided outside the pixel region 2A so as to surround the pixel region 2A.
- the pixel area 2A is a light receiving surface that receives light collected by the optical system 102 shown in FIG. 24, for example.
- a plurality of pixels 3 are arranged in a matrix on a two-dimensional plane including the X direction and the Y direction.
- the pixels 3 are repeatedly arranged in each of the X and Y directions that intersect with each other within a two-dimensional plane.
- the X direction and the Y direction are perpendicular to each other, for example.
- the direction perpendicular to both the X direction and the Y direction is the Z direction (thickness direction, lamination direction).
- the direction perpendicular to the Z direction is the horizontal direction.
- a plurality of bonding pads 14 are arranged in the peripheral region 2B.
- Each of the plurality of bonding pads 14 is arranged, for example, along each of the four sides of the semiconductor chip 2 on the two-dimensional plane.
- Each of the plurality of bonding pads 14 is an input/output terminal used when electrically connecting the semiconductor chip 2 to an external device.
- the semiconductor chip 2 includes a logic circuit 13 including a vertical drive circuit 4, a column signal processing circuit 5, a horizontal drive circuit 6, an output circuit 7, a control circuit 8, and the like.
- the logic circuit 13 is constituted by a CMOS (Complementary MOS) circuit having, for example, an n-channel conductivity type MOSFET (Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor) and a p-channel conductivity type MOSFET as field effect transistors.
- CMOS Complementary MOS
- the vertical drive circuit 4 is composed of, for example, a shift register.
- the vertical drive circuit 4 sequentially selects desired pixel drive lines 10, supplies pulses for driving the pixels 3 to the selected pixel drive lines 10, and drives each pixel 3 row by row. That is, the vertical drive circuit 4 sequentially selectively scans each pixel 3 in the pixel area 2A in the vertical direction row by row, and detects the signal charge from the pixel 3 based on the signal charge generated by the photoelectric conversion element of each pixel 3 according to the amount of light received. Pixel signals are supplied to the column signal processing circuit 5 through the vertical signal line 11.
- the column signal processing circuit 5 is arranged, for example, for each column of pixels 3, and performs signal processing such as noise removal on the signals output from one row of pixels 3 for each pixel column.
- the column signal processing circuit 5 performs signal processing such as CDS (Correlated Double Sampling) and AD (Analog Digital) conversion to remove fixed pattern noise specific to pixels.
- a horizontal selection switch (not shown) is provided at the output stage of the column signal processing circuit 5 and connected between it and the horizontal signal line 12 .
- the horizontal drive circuit 6 is composed of, for example, a shift register.
- the horizontal drive circuit 6 sequentially outputs horizontal scanning pulses to the column signal processing circuits 5 to select each of the column signal processing circuits 5 in turn, and selects pixels on which signal processing has been performed from each of the column signal processing circuits 5.
- the signal is output to the horizontal signal line 12.
- the output circuit 7 performs signal processing on the pixel signals sequentially supplied from each of the column signal processing circuits 5 through the horizontal signal line 12, and outputs the pixel signals.
- signal processing for example, buffering, black level adjustment, column variation correction, various digital signal processing, etc. can be used.
- the control circuit 8 generates clock signals and control signals that serve as operating standards for the vertical drive circuit 4, column signal processing circuit 5, horizontal drive circuit 6, etc., based on the vertical synchronization signal, horizontal synchronization signal, and master clock signal. generate. Then, the control circuit 8 outputs the generated clock signal and control signal to the vertical drive circuit 4, column signal processing circuit 5, horizontal drive circuit 6, and the like.
- FIG. 3 is an equivalent circuit diagram showing an example of the configuration of the pixel 3.
- the pixel 3 includes a photoelectric conversion element PD, a charge accumulation region (floating diffusion) FD that accumulates (retains) signal charges photoelectrically converted by this photoelectric conversion element PD, and a charge accumulation region (floating diffusion) FD that accumulates (retains) signal charges photoelectrically converted by this photoelectric conversion element PD.
- a transfer transistor TR that transfers the signal charge to the charge storage region FD is provided.
- the pixel 3 includes a readout circuit 15 electrically connected to the charge storage region FD.
- the photoelectric conversion element PD generates signal charges according to the amount of received light.
- the photoelectric conversion element PD also temporarily accumulates (retains) the generated signal charge.
- the photoelectric conversion element PD has a cathode side electrically connected to the source region of the transfer transistor TR, and an anode side electrically connected to a reference potential line (for example, ground).
- a photodiode is used as the photoelectric conversion element PD.
- the drain region of the transfer transistor TR is electrically connected to the charge storage region FD.
- a gate electrode of the transfer transistor TR is electrically connected to a transfer transistor drive line among the pixel drive lines 10 (see FIG. 2).
- the charge accumulation region FD temporarily accumulates and holds signal charges transferred from the photoelectric conversion element PD via the transfer transistor TR.
- the readout circuit 15 reads out the signal charges accumulated in the charge accumulation region FD, and outputs a pixel signal based on the signal charges.
- the readout circuit 15 includes, for example, an amplification transistor AMP, a selection transistor SEL, and a reset transistor RST as pixel transistors, although they are not limited thereto.
- These transistors have, for example, a gate insulating film made of a silicon oxide film (SiO 2 film), a gate electrode, and a pair of main electrode regions that function as a source region and a drain region. It is composed of MOSFET.
- these transistors may be MISFETs (Metal Insulator Semiconductor FETs) in which the gate insulating film is a silicon nitride film (Si 3 N 4 film) or a laminated film such as a silicon nitride film and a silicon oxide film.
- MISFETs Metal Insulator Semiconductor FETs
- the gate insulating film is a silicon nitride film (Si 3 N 4 film) or a laminated film such as a silicon nitride film and a silicon oxide film.
- the amplification transistor AMP has a source region electrically connected to the drain region of the selection transistor SEL, and a drain region electrically connected to the power supply line Vdd and the drain region of the reset transistor.
- the gate electrode of the amplification transistor AMP is electrically connected to the charge storage region FD and the source region of the reset transistor RST.
- the selection transistor SEL has a source region electrically connected to the vertical signal line 11 (VSL), and a drain electrically connected to the source region of the amplification transistor AMP.
- the gate electrode of the selection transistor SEL is electrically connected to the selection transistor drive line of the pixel drive lines 10 (see FIG. 2).
- the reset transistor RST has a source region electrically connected to the charge storage region FD and the gate electrode of the amplification transistor AMP, and a drain region electrically connected to the power supply line Vdd and the drain region of the amplification transistor AMP.
- a gate electrode of the reset transistor RST is electrically connected to a reset transistor drive line among the pixel drive lines 10 (see FIG. 2).
- the semiconductor chip 2 on which the photodetector 1 is mounted includes a first semiconductor chip 20 and a second semiconductor chip 30 bonded to the first semiconductor chip 20. That is, the semiconductor chip 2 is composed of a plurality of semiconductor chips bonded together. First, the second semiconductor chip 30 will be explained.
- the second semiconductor chip 30 is smaller than the first semiconductor chip 20 in plan view.
- the second semiconductor chip 30 is bonded to the first bonding surface S1 of the first semiconductor chip 20.
- the second semiconductor chip 30 includes a semiconductor layer 31 and a wiring layer 32 stacked on one surface of the semiconductor layer 31.
- the semiconductor layer 31 is, for example, but not limited to, a semiconductor substrate made of silicon or the like, and includes active elements such as the transistor T.
- the wiring layer 32 is a multilayer wiring layer having a laminated structure in which insulating films IF and metal wirings M are alternately laminated in multiple stages.
- the surface of the wiring layer 32 opposite to the semiconductor layer 31 side is a second bonding surface S2, and the second bonding surface S2 is bonded to the first bonding surface S1 of the first semiconductor chip 20. Further, the wiring layer 32 is provided with a gate electrode G of the transistor T and a metal connection pad MP facing the second bonding surface S2.
- the second semiconductor chip 30 is equipped with any one of the logic circuit 13 described above, the readout circuit 15, a storage circuit such as a memory, and a circuit constituting artificial intelligence (AI).
- AI artificial intelligence
- three second semiconductor chips 30 are bonded to the first semiconductor chip 20.
- they are called a second semiconductor chip 30A, a second semiconductor chip 30B, and a second semiconductor chip 30C.
- the second semiconductor chips 30A, 30B, and 30C are simply referred to as a second semiconductor chip 30.
- the number of second semiconductor chips 30 bonded to the first semiconductor chip 20 is not limited to the example shown in FIG. 4, and may be two or less or four or more.
- the second semiconductor chips 30A, 30B, and 30C are each equipped with one of a logic circuit 13, a readout circuit 15, a storage circuit such as a memory, and a circuit constituting artificial intelligence (AI).
- AI artificial intelligence
- all of the second semiconductor chips 30A, 30B, and 30C may be equipped with the same type of circuit, or each of them may be equipped with different circuits. Further, a plurality of the second semiconductor chips 30A, 30B, and 30C (for example, the second semiconductor chips 30A and 30B) are equipped with the same type of circuit, and the remaining chips (for example, the second semiconductor chip 30C) are different. It may be equipped with a circuit.
- the first semiconductor chip 20 has a semiconductor layer 21 and a wiring layer 22 laminated on one surface of the semiconductor layer 21.
- the semiconductor layer 21 is, for example, but not limited to, a semiconductor substrate made of silicon or the like, and includes active elements such as the transistor T.
- the semiconductor layer 21 includes the above-described pixel region 2A and photoelectric conversion element PD.
- the other surface side (light-receiving surface side) of the semiconductor layer 21 may further include, for example, a color filter, a microlens, etc. (not shown).
- the color filter and the microlens are provided for each pixel 3, and are made of, for example, a resin material.
- the wiring layer 22 is a multilayer wiring layer having a laminated structure in which insulating films IF and metal wirings M are alternately laminated in multiple stages.
- the surface of the wiring layer 22 opposite to the semiconductor layer 21 side is the first bonding surface S1.
- the wiring layer 22 is provided with a gate electrode G of the transistor T and a metal connection pad MP facing the first bonding surface S1.
- the connection pad MP of the first semiconductor chip 20 is connected to the connection pad MP of the second semiconductor chip 30, and with this configuration, the circuit mounted on the first semiconductor chip 20 and the circuit mounted on the second semiconductor chip 30 are connected to each other. are electrically connected.
- the size of the first bonding surface S1 is larger than the size of the second bonding surface S2 of one second semiconductor chip 30, and furthermore, the size of the first bonding surface S1 is larger than the size of the second bonding surface S2 of one second semiconductor chip 30. It is larger than the sum of the surfaces S2.
- the second semiconductor chip 30A is bonded to a region of the first semiconductor chip 20 that overlaps the pixel region 2A in plan view. Further, in a portion of the first semiconductor chip 20 corresponding to the pixel region 2A, many transistors T and wirings M are provided due to miniaturization and high density of the pixels 3.
- the material constituting the insulating film IF of the first semiconductor chip 20 and the second semiconductor chip 30 and the metal constituting the wiring M and the connection pad MP are known materials. Although the material constituting the insulating film IF is not limited to this, for example, silicon oxide (SiO 2 ) can be used. Examples of materials constituting the wiring M and the connection pad MP include, but are not limited to, copper (Cu), aluminum (Al), titanium (Ti), and tantalum (Ta). The wiring M and the connection pad MP are formed using a known technique such as, but not limited to, damascene.
- the second semiconductor chip 30 is formed on a wafer different from the first semiconductor chip 20, and then separated into pieces.
- the second semiconductor chip 30 that has been diced is bonded to the first semiconductor chip 20 before being diced. That is, the semiconductor chip 2 on which the photodetector 1 is mounted is formed of CoW (chip on wafer).
- FIG. 5A is a plan view of a semiconductor wafer W whose one surface is the first bonding surface S1.
- FIG. 5B is an enlarged plan view of region C of the semiconductor wafer W shown in FIG. 5A.
- FIG. 5C is an enlarged plan view showing one of the plurality of semiconductor chips 2 (chip region CP) shown in FIG. 5B.
- the cross-sectional structure when viewed in cross section along the cutting line AA in FIG. 5C is the cross-sectional structure shown in FIG. 4.
- the semiconductor wafer W has a plurality of chip regions CP, which are regions that become the first semiconductor chips 20 by being divided.
- a second semiconductor chip 30 that has been diced into pieces is bonded to each of the chip areas CP (first semiconductor chips 20), and the semiconductor chips that are equipped with the photodetecting device 1 and are in a state before being diced 2.
- the chip areas CP are separated by scribe lines (dicing areas) SL, and are repeatedly arranged in the X direction and the Y direction via the scribe lines SL. That is, a plurality of chip regions CP are arranged in a matrix on the semiconductor wafer W.
- the first semiconductor chip 20 semiconductor chip 2 is formed by individually dividing the plurality of chip regions CP along the scribe lines SL. Note that the scribe line SL is not physically formed.
- the first joint surface S1 includes a first region S1a and a second region S1b that is a region other than the first region S1a.
- the first region S1a is a region prepared for bonding the second semiconductor chip 30A, and as shown in FIG. 5C, the second semiconductor chip 30A is bonded.
- Pad electrodes 40 facing the second bonding surface S2 are provided at the four corners of the second semiconductor chip 30A.
- Detection electrodes 50 facing the first bonding surface S1 are provided at the four corners of the first region S1a.
- the sensing electrode 50 is provided at a position corresponding to the pad electrode 40. More specifically, the sensing electrode 50 is provided at a position that overlaps the pad electrode 40 in plan view when the second semiconductor chip 30A is bonded to the first semiconductor chip 20.
- the detection electrode 50 has a size within a range of, for example, 50 ⁇ m 2 or less, although it is not limited to this in plan view. Further, for example, the size of the sensing electrode 50 is within the range of 10 ⁇ m 2 to 20 ⁇ m 2 or less in plan view.
- the second region S1b is a blank region where no second semiconductor chip is bonded, and as shown in FIG. 5C, a plurality of dummy pads DP are provided.
- the dummy pad DP faces the second region S1b and is made of the same material as the connection pad MP of the first semiconductor chip 20, and is a member that does not contribute to the circuit configuration, for example, an electrically floating material. It is a great member. The reason why the dummy pad DP is provided in a blank area such as the second area S1b will be explained below.
- dry etching or chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) may be performed on the entire surface of the semiconductor wafer W.
- dummy pads DP are provided even in areas where no pattern is originally provided. ing.
- any part of the dummy pads DP among the plurality of dummy pads DP is used as the test electrode 60, which will be described later.
- connection pad MP is formed together with the connection pad MP of the second semiconductor chip 30A, it is made of the same material as the connection pad MP. Since the sensing electrode 50 and the dummy pad DP are formed together with the connection pad MP of the first semiconductor chip 20, they are made of the same material as the connection pad MP. Note that the material constituting the connection pad MP is as already described. The present embodiment will be described assuming that the material forming the pad electrode 40, the sensing electrode 50, the dummy pad DP, and the connection pad MP is copper.
- FIG. 6A and 6B show the positional relationship between the pad electrode 40 and the sensing electrode 50 in a state where the second semiconductor chip 30A is bonded to the first semiconductor chip 20 in an ideal alignment designed. .
- the center of the pad electrode 40 is designed to overlap the center of the first sensing electrode 51, which will be described later, in plan view.
- the pad electrode 40 in plan view, is a polygonal electrode, and the first sensing electrode 51 is a polygonal electrode with the same number of sides as the pad electrode 40.
- the pad electrode 40 is a rectangular electrode, and in this embodiment, a square electrode with a side dimension of d40 in plan view. That is, the width of the pad electrode 40 is d40.
- the sensing electrode 50 includes a first sensing electrode 51 facing the first region S1a and a second sensing electrode 52 facing the first region S1a and surrounding the first sensing electrode 51.
- the first sensing electrode 51 is a rectangular electrode, and in this embodiment, a square electrode with a side dimension of d51 in plan view. That is, the width of the first sensing electrode 51 is d51.
- the first sensing electrode 51 is smaller than the pad electrode 40 in plan view. That is, the dimension d51 of one side of the first sensing electrode 51 is smaller than the dimension d40 of one side of the pad electrode 40 (d51 ⁇ d40). Further, the first sensing electrode 51 is electrically separated from the second sensing electrode 52.
- the second sensing electrode 52 has a plurality of second sensing electrode portions arranged along a line surrounding the first sensing electrode 51 and electrically isolated from each other. More specifically, the second sensing electrode 52 has four second sensing electrode portions 52a, 52b, 52c, and 52d. Note that these plural (four in this embodiment) second sensing electrode portions 52a, 52b, 52c, and 52d may be collectively referred to as the second sensing electrode 52. Further, when the second sensing electrode portions 52a, 52b, 52c, and 52d are not distinguished from each other, they may be respectively referred to as the second sensing electrode portion 52.
- the second sensing electrode portion 52 is, for example, a rectangular electrode.
- the second sensing electrode portion 52 is a rectangular electrode in this embodiment.
- the second sensing electrode portions 52 are provided in the same number as the number of sides of the pad electrode 40 (four in this embodiment). More specifically, the number of second sensing electrode portions 52 is the same as the number of sides of the pad electrode 40 and the first sensing electrode 51.
- the second sensing electrode portions 52 are arranged around the first sensing electrode 51 in four directions (+X direction, ⁇ X direction, +Y direction, and ⁇ Y direction). More specifically, the second sensing electrode portions 52a and 52c are arranged along the X direction with the first sensing electrode 51 in between.
- the second sensing electrode portions 52a and 52c are arranged such that their long sides face each other, and their opposing long sides are parallel to each other.
- the second sensing electrode portions 52b and 52d are arranged with the first sensing electrode 51 in between along the Y direction orthogonal to the X direction.
- the second sensing electrode portions 52b and 52d are arranged such that their long sides face each other, and their opposing long sides are parallel to each other.
- the distance between the second sensing electrode portion 52a and the second sensing electrode portion 52c, which face each other with the first sensing electrode 51 in between, is the same as the distance between the second sensing electrode portion 52b and the second sensing electrode portion 52d. placed at the same distance.
- this distance is called distance d1.
- the width d40 of the pad electrode 40 is smaller than the distance d1 and larger than the distance between the first sensing electrode 51 and the second sensing electrode portion 52.
- the second sensing electrode portion 52 since the first sensing electrode 51 is a polygonal electrode having the same number of sides as the pad electrode 40, the second sensing electrode portion 52 has a long side on each side of the first sensing electrode 51. is placed so as to face the The second sensing electrode portion 52 is arranged such that the long side facing the first sensing electrode 51 and the side of the first sensing electrode 51 are parallel to each other. Moreover, in the diagonal position of the first sensing electrode 51, the second sensing electrode portions 52 are spaced apart from each other. Each of the second sensing electrode portions 52a, 52b, 52c, and 52d is provided at a position equidistant from the first sensing electrode 51.
- These distances Lx1, Lx2, Ly1, and Ly2 are management values for the alignment deviation between the second semiconductor chip 30A and the first semiconductor chip 20, and may be referred to as management values Lx1, Lx2, Ly1, and Ly2. .
- Lx1 and Lx2 are management values for misalignment in the X direction
- Ly1 and Ly2 are management values for misalignment in the Y direction.
- the control value is not limited to this, for example, it may be on the submicron order. Further, the control value may be on the order of microns, for example, 1 ⁇ m or more and 3 ⁇ m or less.
- the management value may be set according to the margin of misalignment in bonding the second semiconductor chip 30A and the first semiconductor chip 20 together.
- the first semiconductor chip 20 includes a test electrode 60 that faces the second region S1b and is constituted by a dummy pad DP, and a detection electrode 50 that is provided within the wiring layer 22 and is electrically connected to the test electrode 60. and a connection wiring 70 that connects to the terminal.
- the test electrode 60 has a first test electrode 61 and a second test electrode 62. Note that when the first test electrode 61 and the second test electrode 62 are not distinguished from each other, they are simply referred to as the test electrode 60.
- the first test electrode 61 is electrically isolated from the second test electrode 62.
- a plurality of second test electrodes 62 are provided. More specifically, the second inspection electrodes 62 are provided in the same number as the second detection electrode portions 52 (four in this embodiment).
- the second test electrodes 62 are electrically isolated from each other.
- FIG. 6B shows only the second test electrodes 62a and 62c of the plurality of second test electrodes 62. When the plurality of second test electrodes 62 such as the second test electrode 62a and the second test electrode 62c are not distinguished from each other, they are simply referred to as second test electrodes 62.
- the connection wiring 70 includes a first connection wiring 71 that electrically connects the first detection electrode 51 to the first inspection electrode 61 and a second connection wiring that electrically connects the second detection electrode 52 to the second inspection electrode 62. 72.
- connection wiring 70 When the first connection wiring 71 and the second connection wiring 72 are not distinguished from each other, they are simply referred to as connection wiring 70.
- the first connection wiring 71 is electrically separated from the second connection wiring 72.
- a plurality of second connection wirings 72 are provided. More specifically, the second connection wires 72 are provided in the same number as the second sensing electrode portions 52 (four in this embodiment). The second connection wires 72 are electrically isolated from each other.
- FIG. 6B shows a second connecting wiring 72a that electrically connects the second sensing electrode 52a to the second testing electrode 62a, and a second connecting wiring 72a that electrically connects the second sensing electrode 52a to the second testing electrode 62a, out of the plurality of second connecting wirings 72, and a second connecting wiring 72a that electrically connects the second sensing electrode 52a to the second testing electrode 62a. Only the second connection wiring 72c electrically connected to 62c is shown. When the plurality of second connection wirings 72 such as the second connection wiring 72a and the second connection wiring 72c are not distinguished from each other, they are simply referred to as second connection wirings 72.
- connection wiring 70 is, for example, a metal wiring provided through the insulating film IF and a via provided along the thickness direction of the insulating film IF, although the connection wiring 70 is not limited thereto. It's the wiring.
- Examples of the material constituting the connection wiring 70 include, but are not limited to, copper (Cu), aluminum (Al), and tungsten (W).
- the connection wiring 70 can be made of the same material as the wiring M belonging to the same layer, and the same manufacturing process such as Damascene can be used for the wiring M and the connection pad MP belonging to the same layer.
- the second inspection electrode 62 and the second connection wiring 72 are provided for each second detection electrode portion 52. That is, a plurality of sets 92 of the second detection electrode portion 52, the second inspection electrode 62, and the second connection wiring 72 are provided. The sets 92 are electrically isolated from each other.
- FIG. 6B shows a set 92a of the second sensing electrode portion 52a, the second test electrode 62a, and the second connection wiring 72a, and a set of the second sensing electrode portion 52c, the second test electrode 62c, and the second connection wiring 72c.
- 92c is shown as an example. Note that when a plurality of sets such as the set 92a and the set 92c are not distinguished from each other, they are simply referred to as a set 92.
- Only one set 91 of the first detection electrode 51, the first inspection electrode 61, and the first connection wiring 71 is provided, and the set 91 and the set 92 are electrically isolated from each other. Note that when the set 91 and the set 92 are not distinguished, they are simply referred to as a set 90.
- Whether or not the misalignment of the bonding of the second semiconductor chip 30A and the first semiconductor chip 20 is smaller than the control value can be determined by using a pair of probes P to determine whether or not there is electrical continuity between the pair 91 and the pair 92. It can be determined by checking. More specifically, whether or not the alignment deviation is smaller than the control value can be determined using a pair of probes P, since the first test electrode 61 and the plurality of second test electrodes 62 are exposed in the second region S1b. The presence or absence of electrical continuity between a pair of two test electrodes among the plurality of test electrodes 60 can be determined by changing the pairs.
- whether or not the alignment deviation is smaller than the control value can be determined by using a pair of probes P between the pair consisting of the first test electrode 61 and one of the plurality of second test electrodes 62.
- the presence or absence of electrical continuity can be determined by checking the presence or absence of electrical continuity by changing the pairs. The determination will be explained in detail below.
- the pad electrode 40 is connected only to the first sensing electrode 51 of the first sensing electrode 51 and the second sensing electrode 52 of the sensing electrode 50. do.
- the second semiconductor chip 30A is bonded to the first semiconductor chip 20 with an alignment deviation greater than a control value.
- the second semiconductor chip 30A is bonded to the first semiconductor chip 20 with a shift toward the right side of the paper. More specifically, it is assumed that the second semiconductor chip 30A is bonded to the first semiconductor chip 20 toward the right side of the paper with a misalignment of more than the control value Lx1.
- the pad electrode 40 is relatively shifted to the right side in the drawing and is connected to both the first sensing electrode 51 and the second sensing electrode portion 52a to short-circuit them. As a result, it is assumed that the set 91 and the set 92a are short-circuited.
- the second sensing electrode 52 has four second sensing electrode portions 52a, 52b, 52c, and 52d, it is also possible to determine in which direction the second semiconductor chip 30A is shifted relative to the first semiconductor chip 20. It can be determined whether More specifically, the second semiconductor chip 30A is located on the right side of the page (+X direction), on the left side of the page (-X direction), on the top side of the page (+Y direction), and on the bottom side of the page (-Y direction) with respect to the first semiconductor chip 20. ) can be identified in which direction the shift occurred.
- the second semiconductor chip 30A is bonded to the first semiconductor chip 20 with an alignment shift exceeding a detectable range.
- FIGS. 8A and 8B it is assumed that the second semiconductor chip 30A is bonded to the first semiconductor chip 20 to the right in the paper with an alignment shift that exceeds the detectable range. More specifically, the pad electrode 40 is shifted to the right side of the paper beyond the detectable range, and is connected only to the second sensing electrode 52 of the first sensing electrode 51 and the second sensing electrode 52. shall be.
- the detectable range can be defined as [-(d40+d51)/2] or more and [+(d40+d51)/2] or less.
- d40 is the width of the pad electrode 40
- d51 is the width of the first sensing electrode 51.
- the configuration of the photodetection device 1 has some differences from the configuration of the photodetection device 1 shown in FIGS. 4, 5B, and 5C.
- the number of second semiconductor chips 30 is two, one of which is equipped with a storage circuit such as a memory, and the other chip is equipped with a logic circuit 13, It is equipped with circuits that make up artificial intelligence (AI).
- the first semiconductor chip 20 has a stacked structure of a first semiconductor chip 20A and a first semiconductor chip 20B, and the semiconductor layer 21 of the first semiconductor chip 20A includes the above-mentioned pixel region 2A and the photoelectric conversion element PD. is configured. Furthermore, from FIGS. 9A to 9E, one of the first semiconductor chips 20 formed in each chip region CP on the semiconductor wafer W in FIG. 5A before being singulated is shown in FIG. Only the semiconductor chip 20 is shown.
- a semiconductor wafer has a plurality of chip regions CP (see FIG. 5B), which are regions that become the first semiconductor chip 20 by being divided, and one surface is the first bonding surface S1.
- W and a second semiconductor chip 30 whose size in plan view is smaller than the chip region CP and whose one surface is the second bonding surface S2 are prepared.
- the first semiconductor chip 20 includes a sensing electrode 50 (not shown) facing the first region S1a on the first bonding surface S1, an inspection electrode 60, and a connection wiring 70 that electrically connects the sensing electrode 50 to the inspection electrode 60. have.
- the second semiconductor chip 30 has a pad electrode 40 (not shown) facing the second bonding surface S2.
- the second semiconductor chip 30 and the first semiconductor chip 20 are aligned so that the pad electrode 40 (not shown) and the first sensing electrode 51 (not shown) overlap. More specifically, the second semiconductor chip 30 and the chip region CP are aligned. Then, the second bonding surface S2 of the second semiconductor chip 30 is bonded to the chip region CP, more specifically, to the first region S1a.
- the determination becomes executable when the process of bonding the second semiconductor chip 30 to the chip region CP is completed.
- the test electrode 60 is exposed to the first bonding surface S1. More specifically, the test electrode 60 is exposed in the second region S1b (see FIG. 5C). Therefore, by performing a simple test of checking whether there is electrical continuity between the two exposed test electrodes 60 using a pair of probes P, the second semiconductor chip 30 is connected to the first semiconductor chip 20.
- This test can be performed at any time while the test electrode 60 is exposed. That is, this inspection can be performed before the step of laminating other materials (for example, an insulating film, etc.) on the exposed surface of the inspection electrode 60. Then, in order to distinguish chips whose deviation amount is equal to or greater than the control value from chips whose deviation amount is smaller than the control value, their positions on the semiconductor wafer W may be recorded.
- the semiconductor layer 31 of the second semiconductor chip 30 is thinned by a CMP method or the like.
- an insulating film 81 and a planarization film 82 are laminated in this order so as to cover the exposed surface of the second semiconductor chip 30.
- the flattening film 82 is a resin or an inorganic film. The present embodiment will be described on the assumption that the planarization film 82 is silicon oxide deposited by a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method.
- a support substrate 83 is attached to the exposed surface of the planarization film 82.
- the semiconductor layer 21A of the first semiconductor chip 20 is thinned by a CMP method or the like, and the exposed surface of the thinned semiconductor layer 21A is coated with, for example, but not limited to, a color filter 84 and a micro A lens 85 and the like are formed.
- the microlens 85 condenses the light incident on the semiconductor layer 21A.
- the color filter 84 separates the light incident on the semiconductor layer 21A by color.
- a color filter 84 and a microlens 85 are provided for each pixel 3.
- the color filter 84 and the microlens 85 are made of, for example, a resin material.
- the supporting substrate 83 is thinned by CMP or the like, and wiring such as a silicon through electrode 86 is formed from the exposed surface side of the thinned supporting substrate 83.
- the photodetecting device 1 is almost completed.
- the semiconductor wafer W is cut along the scribe line SL (see FIG. 5B) to separate the photodetector 1 into pieces and obtain the semiconductor chips 2.
- ⁇ Main effects of the first embodiment The main effects of the first embodiment will be described below, but before that, an example of bonding using the WoW (wafer-on-wafer) method will be described.
- a wafer W1 and a wafer W2 each having an integrated circuit configured thereon are bonded using WoW.
- marks MK1 and MK2 for measuring alignment deviation during bonding could be provided on the scribe line. Since the scribe line is an area that is cut during singulation, even if wiring etc. were provided, there were only a few.
- the alignment deviation of bonding can be measured using inspection light such as infrared light using a reflection method (on the left side of the paper in FIG. 10) or a transmission method (on the right side of the paper in FIG. 10).
- the second semiconductor chip may have a smaller size in plan view than the first semiconductor chip.
- the second semiconductor chip is bonded to overlap the pixel area 2A of the first semiconductor chip in plan view.
- the pixel region 2A of the first semiconductor chip is a region where many transistors T and wirings M are provided due to the miniaturization and high density of the pixels 3. If marks MK1 and MK2 are provided to measure bonding alignment deviation in an area that overlaps in plan view with an area where many transistors T and wiring M are provided, there is a possibility that the inspection light will be blocked by wiring, etc. there were. In addition, in order to prevent the inspection light from being blocked by wiring, etc., if a layout is adopted in which no wiring, etc. is placed in the area of the first semiconductor chip and the second semiconductor chip that overlaps with the marks MK1, MK2 in the thickness direction, the design There was a possibility that the load would become large.
- the first semiconductor chip 20 includes the set 91 of the first sensing electrode 51, the first inspection electrode 61, and the first connection wiring 71; It has a set 92 of a second sensing electrode portion 52, a second inspection electrode 62, and a second connection wiring 72, and the second semiconductor chip has a pad electrode 40. Then, depending on the magnitude of the misalignment between the first semiconductor chip 20 and the second semiconductor chip 30A, the pad electrode 40 may electrically short-circuit or open the sets 91 and 92. Misalignment between the semiconductor chip 30A and the first semiconductor chip 20 can be electrically detected.
- the photodetecting device 1 it is only necessary to route the connection wiring 70 to the first semiconductor chip 20 of the first semiconductor chip 20 and the second semiconductor chip 30A. The influence on the design can be suppressed.
- the second sensing electrode 52 includes a plurality of second sensing electrodes arranged along a line surrounding the first sensing electrode 51 and electrically separated from each other. It has a sensing electrode portion 52.
- the second sensing electrode portions 52 are arranged around the first sensing electrode 51 on all sides of the first sensing electrode 51 . Therefore, by detecting whether there is a short circuit between the set 91 and one of the plurality of sets 92, it is possible to determine in which direction the second semiconductor chip 30A has shifted relative to the first semiconductor chip 20. , can be identified. More specifically, it is possible to specify in which direction the second semiconductor chip 30A has shifted with respect to the first semiconductor chip 20, the +X direction, the -X direction, the +Y direction, or the -Y direction.
- the misalignment of the bonding of the second semiconductor chip 30A and the first semiconductor chip 20 is detected electrically rather than optically. Even when the marks MK1 and MK2 cannot be placed on the scribe lines, such as when the photodetector 1 is formed using CoW (chip on wafer), the bonding of the second semiconductor chip 30A and the first semiconductor chip 20 is Can detect misalignment.
- misalignment between the second semiconductor chip 30A and the first semiconductor chip 20 is electrically detected without using inspection light. Therefore, misalignment in bonding can be detected regardless of the internal structure of the first semiconductor chip 20 and the second semiconductor chip 30A, such as wiring.
- the photodetecting device 1 in the photodetecting device 1 according to the first embodiment of the present technology, some of the dummy pads DP are used as the test electrodes 60. Therefore, there is no need to change the mask used in the lithography process for the inspection electrode 60, which is advantageous in terms of manufacturing cost.
- a simple test can be performed in which the presence or absence of electrical continuity between the two exposed test electrodes 60 is confirmed using the pair of probes P. Accordingly, it can be determined whether the second semiconductor chip 30A is bonded to the first semiconductor chip 20 with a deviation smaller than the control value. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the inspection process from becoming complicated.
- the photodetecting device 1 it is also possible to determine whether the second semiconductor chip 30A is bonded to the chip region CP (first semiconductor chip 20) with a deviation amount smaller than a control value.
- This inspection becomes executable when the process of bonding the second semiconductor chip 30A to the chip region CP is completed. Therefore, it is possible to immediately determine whether the amount of alignment deviation during bonding is smaller than the control value.
- the management values distance Lx1, distance Lx2, distance Ly1, and distance Ly2 are all the same value, but at least some of the values may be different. More specifically, if the margin of misalignment in one direction is smaller than the margin of misalignment in another direction, the management value in one direction may be set smaller than the management value in the other direction. For example, among the margins along the X direction, if the margin toward the right side of the page is smaller than the margin toward the left side of the page, the distance Lx1 may be set to be smaller than the distance Lx2.
- the management values along the Y direction (distance Ly1 and distance Ly2) are changed to the management values along the X direction (distance Lx1 and distance Lx2). ) may be set smaller.
- the magnitude of each management value may be appropriately set according to the magnitude of the margin for misalignment of each individual photodetector 1.
- the dimensions of the pad electrode 40 in the X direction and the dimension in the Y direction may be set to different sizes.
- the distance between the second sensing electrode portion 52a and the second sensing electrode portion 52c, which face each other with the first sensing electrode 51 in between, and the second sensing electrode portion 52b are determined. and the second sensing electrode portion 52d may be different distances.
- the first semiconductor chip 20 had the detection electrode 50, but the present technology is not limited thereto.
- the first semiconductor chip 20 may include a sensing electrode 50A instead of the sensing electrode 50.
- the sensing electrode 50A includes a first sensing electrode 51 and a second sensing electrode 52A facing the first region S1a.
- the second sensing electrode 52A has a shape in which a plurality of second sensing electrode portions 52 are connected into one. That is, the second sensing electrode 52A is a single member that continuously surrounds the first sensing electrode 51 without interruption. More specifically, the second sensing electrode 52A is a band-shaped electrode continuous along the outer shape of a polygon (a square in this modified example) having the same number of sides as the pad electrode 40 in plan view. Further, as shown in FIG.
- the first semiconductor chip 20 has a second connection wiring 72 provided in the wiring layer 22 and electrically connecting the second sensing electrode 52A to the second inspection electrode 62.
- the second sensing electrode 52A is a single member and is not divided into a plurality of parts, it is only necessary to provide one second test electrode 62 and one second connection wiring 72. . As a result, one set 91 and one set 92 are provided.
- Whether or not the misalignment of the bonding of the second semiconductor chip 30A and the first semiconductor chip 20 is smaller than the control value can be determined by using a pair of probes P to determine whether or not there is electrical continuity between the pair 91 and the pair 92. It can be determined by checking. More specifically, whether or not the alignment deviation is smaller than the control value can be determined by checking whether there is electrical continuity between the first test electrode 61 and the second test electrode 62 using a pair of probes P. It can be determined by If it is confirmed that there is no electrical continuity between the first test electrode 61 and the second test electrode 62, it can be seen that the set 91 and the set 92 are electrically separated.
- the second semiconductor chip 30A is bonded to the first semiconductor chip 20 with an alignment deviation smaller than the control value.
- the set 91 and the set 92 are electrically short-circuited.
- the second semiconductor chip 30A is bonded to the first semiconductor chip 20 with an alignment deviation greater than the control value.
- the second sensing electrode 52A is a band-shaped electrode continuous along the outer shape of a polygon (square in this modification) having the same number of sides as the pad electrode 40, so misalignment can be managed. It is possible to determine only whether the misalignment is equal to or greater than the management value, and which direction the misalignment is in.
- the first embodiment may be used.
- the configuration of the photodetecting device 1 according to Modification 1 may be used.
- one first test electrode 61 and one second test electrode 62 are provided. More specifically, the number of second test electrodes 62 is singular and not plural.
- the first semiconductor chip 20 had the detection electrode 50, but the present technology is not limited thereto.
- the first semiconductor chip 20 has a sensing electrode 50B instead of the sensing electrode 50. It's okay to do so.
- the above-mentioned management value is provided in two stages: a first management value and a second management value.
- the sensing electrode 50B includes a first sensing electrode 51, a second sensing electrode 52, and a third sensing electrode 53 facing the first region S1a and surrounding the second sensing electrode 52.
- the first sensing electrode 51 and the second sensing electrode 52 are electrically separated from the third sensing electrode 53.
- the third sensing electrode 53 has a plurality of third sensing electrode portions arranged along a line surrounding the second sensing electrode 52 and electrically isolated from each other. More specifically, the third sensing electrode 53 has four third sensing electrode portions 53a, 53b, 53c, and 53d. Note that these plural (four in this embodiment) third sensing electrode portions 53a, 53b, 53c, and 53d may be collectively referred to as the third sensing electrode 53. Furthermore, when the third sensing electrode portions 53a, 53b, 53c, and 53d are not distinguished from each other, they may be respectively referred to as the third sensing electrode portion 53.
- the third sensing electrode portion 53 is, for example, a rectangular electrode.
- the third sensing electrode portion 53 is a rectangular electrode in this embodiment.
- the third sensing electrode portions 53 are provided in the same number as the number of sides of the pad electrode 40 (four in this embodiment). More specifically, the number of third sensing electrode portions 53 is the same as the number of sides of the pad electrode 40 and first sensing electrode 51 and the number of second sensing electrode 52 portions.
- the third sensing electrode portions 53 are arranged on four sides of the first sensing electrode 51 (+X direction, ⁇ X direction, +Y direction, ⁇ Y direction) with the first sensing electrode 51 in the center and the second sensing electrode portion 52 in between. This is the configuration.
- the third sensing electrode portions 53a, 53c are arranged along the X direction with the first sensing electrode 51 and the second sensing electrode portions 52a, 52c interposed therebetween.
- the third sensing electrode portions 53a and 53c are arranged such that their long sides face each other, and their opposing long sides are parallel to each other.
- the third sensing electrode portions 53b, 53d are arranged along the Y direction orthogonal to the X direction, sandwiching the first sensing electrode 51 and the second sensing electrode portions 52b, 52d.
- the third sensing electrode portions 53b and 53d are arranged such that their long sides face each other, and their opposing long sides are parallel to each other.
- the third sensing electrode portions 53 are spaced apart from each other.
- a pair of second sensing electrode portions 52 and third sensing electrode portions 53 arranged in the same direction among the four directions starting from the first sensing electrode 51 are arranged so that their long sides are parallel to each other. ing.
- the distance between the second sensing electrode portion 52 and the third sensing electrode portion 53, which are arranged in the same direction among the four directions, is equal for all pairs in the four directions.
- the distance between the third sensing electrode portion 53a and the third sensing electrode portion 53c, which face each other with the first sensing electrode 51 and the second sensing electrode portions 52a and 52c in between, is the distance between the first sensing electrode 51 and the second sensing electrode portion. It is provided at the same distance as the distance between the third sensing electrode portion 53b and the third sensing electrode portion 53d, which face each other with 52b and 52d in between.
- this distance is called distance d2.
- FIG. 12A and 12B show a state in which the second semiconductor chip 30A is bonded to the first semiconductor chip 20 in an ideal alignment designed.
- the third sensing electrode portion 53 is arranged such that its long side faces each side of the pad electrode 40.
- the third sensing electrode portion 53 is arranged such that the long side facing the pad electrode 40 and the side of the pad electrode 40 are parallel to each other.
- these distances Lx3, Lx4, Ly3, and Ly4 are second management values for the alignment deviation between the second semiconductor chip 30A and the first semiconductor chip 20, and are referred to as management values Lx3, Lx4, Ly3, and Ly4, There is.
- Lx3 and Lx4 are second management values for misalignment in the X direction
- Ly3 and Ly4 are second management values for misalignment in the Y direction.
- the distances Lx1, Lx2, Ly1, and Ly2 are called first management values, and the first management value and the second management value are distinguished from each other.
- the second management value is set larger than the first management value.
- the second management value is set to twice the first management value, but the size of the second management value is not limited to this, and the second management value is set to be twice as large as the first management value. It may be set according to the margin of misalignment when bonding with one semiconductor chip 20.
- the test electrode 60 includes a first test electrode 61, a second test electrode 62, and a third test electrode 63.
- test electrodes 60 A plurality of third test electrodes 63 are provided. More specifically, the third test electrodes 63 are provided in the same number as the third sensing electrode portions 53 (four in this embodiment). The third test electrodes 63 are electrically isolated from each other.
- FIG. 12B shows only the third test electrode 63a and the third test electrode 63c among the plurality of third test electrodes 63.
- the plurality of third test electrodes 63 such as the third test electrode 63a and the third test electrode 63c are not distinguished from each other, they are simply referred to as third test electrodes 63.
- the connection wiring 70 includes a first connection wiring 71 that electrically connects the first detection electrode 51 to the first inspection electrode 61 and a second connection wiring that electrically connects the second detection electrode 52 to the second inspection electrode 62. 72 and a third connection wiring 73 that electrically connects the third detection electrode 53 to the third inspection electrode 63.
- connection wiring 70 When the first connection wiring 71, the second connection wiring 72, and the third connection wiring 73 are not distinguished from each other, they are simply referred to as connection wiring 70.
- a plurality of third connection wires 73 are provided. More specifically, the third connection wiring 73 is provided in the same number as the third sensing electrode portions 53 (four in this embodiment). The third connection wires 73 are electrically isolated from each other.
- FIG. 12B shows a third connection wiring 73a that electrically connects the third detection electrode 53a of the plurality of third connection wirings 73 to the third inspection electrode 63a, and a third connection wiring 73a that electrically connects the third detection electrode 53c to the third inspection electrode 63c. Only the third connection wiring 73c electrically connected to is shown.
- the plurality of third connection wirings 73 such as the third connection wiring 73a and the third connection wiring 73c are not distinguished from each other, they are simply referred to as third connection wirings 73.
- the third inspection electrode 63 and the third connection wiring 73 are provided for each third sensing electrode portion 53. That is, a plurality of sets 93 of the third detection electrode portion 53, the third inspection electrode 63, and the third connection wiring 73 are provided. The sets 93 are electrically isolated from each other.
- FIG. 12B shows a set 93a of the third sensing electrode portion 53a, the third test electrode 63a, and the third connection wiring 73a, and a set of the third sensing electrode portion 53c, the third test electrode 63c, and the third connection wiring 73c.
- 93c is shown as an example. Note that when a plurality of sets such as set 93a and set 93c are not distinguished from each other, they are simply referred to as set 93.
- the sets 91, 92, and 93 are electrically isolated from each other. Note that if the sets 91, 92, and 93 are not distinguished from each other, they are simply referred to as sets 90.
- Whether or not the misalignment of the bonding of the second semiconductor chip 30A and the first semiconductor chip 20 is equal to or greater than the second control value can be determined by using a pair of probes P to check the electrical This can be determined by checking the presence or absence of continuity. More specifically, whether the alignment deviation is equal to or greater than the second control value is determined by the pair of probes P, since the plurality of second test electrodes 62 and the plurality of third test electrodes 63 are exposed in the second region S1b. Using this method, it is possible to determine whether or not there is electrical continuity between the pair of the second test electrode 62 and the third test electrode 63 by checking the pair while changing the pair. The determination will be explained in detail below.
- the second semiconductor chip 30A is bonded to the first semiconductor chip 20 with an alignment deviation exceeding the first control value and equal to or greater than the second control value.
- the second semiconductor chip 30A is bonded to the first semiconductor chip 20 with a shift toward the right side of the paper. More specifically, it is assumed that the second semiconductor chip 30A is bonded to the first semiconductor chip 20 toward the right side of the paper with a misalignment of the second management value Lx3 or more.
- the pad electrode 40 is relatively shifted to the right side in the drawing and is connected to both the second sensing electrode portion 52a and the third sensing electrode portion 53a to short-circuit them. It is assumed that the set 92a and the set 93a are thereby short-circuited.
- the second semiconductor chip 30A is bonded to the first semiconductor chip 20 with a misalignment equal to or greater than the second control value can be determined using a pair of probes P.
- the presence or absence of electrical continuity with the third test electrode 63 is confirmed by changing pairs.
- the second test electrode 62 and the third test electrode 63 as a pair are, for example, one of the second detection electrode portion 52 and the third detection electrode portion 53 that are arranged in the same direction with the first detection electrode 51 as a starting point. and the electrodes connected to the other. Then, when checking the presence or absence of electrical continuity between one second test electrode 62 and one third test electrode 63 while changing the pairs, the second test electrode 62a and the third test electrode 63a shown in FIG.
- the second semiconductor chip 30A is located on the right side of the page (+X direction), on the left side of the page (-X direction), on the top side of the page (+Y direction), and on the bottom side of the page (-Y direction) with respect to the first semiconductor chip 20. ) can be identified in which direction the shift occurred.
- the management value is provided in two stages: a first management value and a second management value. Therefore, the degree of misalignment of the second semiconductor chip 30A with respect to the first semiconductor chip 20 can be specified more precisely.
- the management values distance Lx3, distance Lx4, distance Ly3, and distance Ly4 are all the same value, but at least some of the values may be different.
- the first semiconductor chip 20 had the detection electrode 50, but the present technology is not limited thereto.
- the first semiconductor chip 20 may include a sensing electrode 50C instead of the sensing electrode 50.
- the sensing electrode 50C includes a first sensing electrode 51, a second sensing electrode 52A, and a third sensing electrode 53C.
- the third sensing electrode 53C has a shape in which a plurality of third sensing electrode portions 53 are connected into one. That is, the third sensing electrode 53C is a single member that continuously surrounds the second sensing electrode 52A without interruption. More specifically, the third sensing electrode 53C is a band-shaped electrode continuous along the outline of a polygon (a square in this modification) having the same number of sides as the pad electrode 40 in plan view. Further, as shown in FIG.
- the first semiconductor chip 20 has a third connection wiring 73 provided in the wiring layer 22 and electrically connecting the third sensing electrode 53C to the third inspection electrode 63.
- the third sensing electrode 53C is a single member and is not divided into a plurality of parts, it is only necessary to provide one third test electrode 63 and one third connection wiring 73. .
- a configuration is provided in which one set 91, one set 92, and one set 93 are provided.
- Whether or not the misalignment of the bonding of the second semiconductor chip 30A and the first semiconductor chip 20 is equal to or greater than the second control value can be determined by using a pair of probes P to check the electrical This can be determined by checking the presence or absence of continuity. More specifically, whether or not the alignment deviation is equal to or greater than the second control value is determined by checking the presence or absence of electrical continuity between the second test electrode 62 and the third test electrode 63 using a pair of probes P. You can judge by checking. When it is confirmed that there is no electrical continuity between the second test electrode 62 and the third test electrode 63, it can be seen that the set 92 and the set 93 are electrically separated.
- the second semiconductor chip 30A is bonded to the first semiconductor chip 20 with an alignment deviation smaller than the second management value.
- the set 92 and the set 93 are electrically short-circuited.
- the third sensing electrode 53C is a band-shaped electrode that is continuous along the outer shape of a polygon (a square in this modification) having the same number of sides as the pad electrode 40. It is possible to determine only whether the alignment deviation is greater than or equal to the second management value and which direction the alignment deviation is.
- the configuration of the photodetecting device 1 according to the third modification of the first embodiment may be used. Even with the photodetection device 1 according to the third modification of the first embodiment, the same effects as those of the photodetection device 1 according to the first modification of the first embodiment described above can be obtained.
- the first semiconductor chip 20 has the detection electrode 50 and the second semiconductor chip 30A has the pad electrode 40, but the present technology is not limited thereto.
- the first semiconductor chip 20 has a sensing electrode 50D, and the second semiconductor chip 30A has a pad electrode 40D. Also good.
- the pad electrode 40D faces the second bonding surface S2 and is an octagonal electrode in plan view.
- the sensing electrode 50D includes a first sensing electrode 51D and a second sensing electrode 52D facing the first region S1a.
- the first sensing electrode 51D is a polygonal electrode having the same number of sides as the pad electrode 40D in plan view, that is, an octagonal electrode.
- the second sensing electrode 52D has a plurality of second sensing electrode portions arranged along a line surrounding the first sensing electrode 51D and electrically isolated from each other. More specifically, the second sensing electrode 52D has eight second sensing electrode portions 52Da, 52Db, 52Dc, 52Dd, 52De, 52Df, 52Dg, and 52Dh. Note that these plurality (eight in this embodiment) of the second sensing electrode portions may be collectively referred to as the second sensing electrode 52D. Further, if the second sensing electrode portions 52Da to 52Dh are not distinguished from each other, they may be referred to as second sensing electrode portions 52D.
- the second sensing electrode portion 52D is, for example, a rectangular electrode.
- the second sensing electrode portion 52D is a rectangular electrode in this embodiment.
- the second sensing electrode portions 52D are provided in the same number as the number of sides of the pad electrode 40D (eight in this embodiment). More specifically, the second sensing electrode portions 52D are provided in the same number as the number of sides of the pad electrode 40D and the first sensing electrode 51D.
- the second sensing electrode portions 52D are arranged on eight sides of the first sensing electrode 51 with the first sensing electrode 51 at the center.
- the first sensing electrode 51D is a polygonal electrode having the same number of sides as the pad electrode 40D
- the long side of the second sensing electrode portion 52D is equal to each side of the first sensing electrode 51D. is placed so as to face the
- the second sensing electrode portion 52D is arranged such that the long side facing the first sensing electrode 51D is parallel to the side of the first sensing electrode 51D.
- the second sensing electrode portions 52D are spaced apart from each other at the diagonal positions of the first sensing electrode 51D.
- Each of the second sensing electrode portion 52Da to the second sensing electrode portion 52Dh is provided at a position equidistant from the first sensing electrode 51D.
- the second sensing electrode portion 52D has its long side connected to the pad electrode 40D. are arranged so as to face each side of the The second sensing electrode portion 52D is arranged such that the long side facing the pad electrode 40D is parallel to the side of the pad electrode 40D.
- the second sensing electrode portions 52D are arranged in eight directions around the first sensing electrode 51D. Therefore, it is possible to specify in which direction the second semiconductor chip 30A has shifted with respect to the first semiconductor chip 20. More specifically, the second semiconductor chip 30A is tilted with respect to the first semiconductor chip 20 in addition to the horizontal direction (+X direction, -X direction) and the vertical direction (+Y direction, -Y direction) on the paper surface. It is possible to specify in which direction of the deviation (angle) direction (+X+Y direction, -X+Y direction, +XY direction, -XY direction). This allows the direction of misalignment to be specified more precisely.
- the first semiconductor chip 20 had the detection electrode 50, but the present technology is not limited thereto.
- the first semiconductor chip 20 has a sensing electrode 50E instead of the sensing electrode 50, and the second semiconductor chip 30A has a pad electrode. 40 may be replaced with a pad electrode 40E.
- the pad electrode 40E faces the second bonding surface S2 and is a circular electrode in plan view.
- the sensing electrode 50E includes a first sensing electrode 51E and a second sensing electrode 52E facing the first region S1a.
- the first sensing electrode 51E like the pad electrode 40, is a circular electrode in plan view.
- the second sensing electrode 52E is an annular electrode, and the center of its inner or outer circle overlaps the center of the first sensing electrode 51E. More specifically, the second sensing electrode 52E is an annular electrode concentric with the first sensing electrode 51E.
- FIG. 16 shows the positional relationship between the pad electrode 40E and the sensing electrode 50E in a state where the second semiconductor chip 30A is bonded to the first semiconductor chip 20 in an ideal alignment designed.
- the second sensing electrode 52E is a ring concentric with the pad electrode 40E.
- the distance between the outer periphery of the pad electrode 40E and the inner periphery of the second sensing electrode 52E is a distance R.
- This distance R is a control value for the misalignment between the second semiconductor chip 30A and the first semiconductor chip 20, and is sometimes referred to as a control value R.
- the second sensing electrode 52E is an annular electrode, so the same management value R can be set in all directions.
- the first semiconductor chip 20 had the detection electrode 50, but the present technology is not limited thereto.
- the first semiconductor chip 20 has a sensing electrode 50F instead of the sensing electrode 50, and the second semiconductor chip 30A has a pad electrode. 40 may be replaced with a pad electrode 40E.
- the sensing electrode 50F has a plurality of second sensing electrode portions arranged along a line surrounding the first sensing electrode 51E and electrically isolated from each other. More specifically, the second sensing electrode 52F has four second sensing electrode portions 52Fa, 52Fb, 52Fc, and 52Fd. Note that these plurality (four in this embodiment) of the second sensing electrode portions 52Fa, 52Fb, 52Fc, and 52Fd may be collectively referred to as the second sensing electrode 52F. Further, when the second sensing electrode portions 52Fa, 52Fb, 52Fc, and 52Fd are not distinguished from each other, they may be referred to as second sensing electrode portions 52F.
- the second sensing electrode 52F has a shape in which the above-described sensing electrode 50E is divided into a plurality of second sensing electrode portions 52F. More specifically, the second sensing electrode 52F has a shape in which the above-described sensing electrode 50E is divided into four second sensing electrode portions 52F along the X direction and the Y direction.
- the second sensing electrode portion F52 is arranged in four diagonal directions of the first sensing electrode 51 (+X+Y direction, -X+Y direction, -XY direction, +XY direction) with the first sensing electrode 51E as the center. It is. More specifically, with the first sensing electrode 51E as the center, the second sensing electrode portion 52Fa is arranged in the +X+Y direction, the second sensing electrode portion 52Fb is arranged in the ⁇ X+Y direction, and the second sensing electrode portion 52Fc is arranged in the ⁇ X+Y direction. The second sensing electrode portion 52Fd is arranged in the +XY direction.
- the second semiconductor chip 30A is arranged in an oblique direction with respect to the first semiconductor chip 20, more specifically, in the +X+Y direction, -X+Y direction, - It is possible to specify in which diagonal direction the deviation occurred, the XY direction or the +XY direction.
- the first semiconductor chip 20 had the detection electrode 50, but the present technology is not limited thereto.
- the first semiconductor chip 20 has a sensing electrode 50G instead of the sensing electrode 50, and the second semiconductor chip 30A has a pad electrode. 40 may be replaced with a pad electrode 40E.
- the sensing electrode 50G has a plurality of second sensing electrode portions arranged along a line surrounding the first sensing electrode 51E and electrically isolated from each other. More specifically, the second sensing electrode 52G has four second sensing electrode portions 52Ga, 52Gb, 52Gc, and 52Gd. Note that these plurality (four in this embodiment) of the second sensing electrode portions 52Ga, 52Gb, 52Gc, and 52Gd may be collectively referred to as the second sensing electrode 52G. Further, when the second sensing electrode portions 52Ga, 52Gb, 52Gc, and 52Gd are not distinguished from each other, they may be respectively referred to as the second sensing electrode portion 52G.
- the second sensing electrode 52G has a shape in which the above-described sensing electrode 50E is divided into a plurality of second sensing electrode portions 52G. More specifically, the second sensing electrode 52G is connected to the above-mentioned sensing electrode along a diagonal direction, more specifically, along a direction that forms +45 degrees with the X direction and a direction that forms -45 degrees with the X direction. 50E is divided into four second sensing electrode portions 52G.
- the second sensing electrode portion F52 is arranged in four directions (+X direction, +Y direction, ⁇ X direction, ⁇ Y direction) of the first sensing electrode 51 with the first sensing electrode 51E as the center. More specifically, with the first sensing electrode 51E as the center, the second sensing electrode portion 52Ga is arranged in the +X direction, the second sensing electrode portion 52Gb is arranged in the +Y direction, and the second sensing electrode portion 52Gc is arranged in the ⁇ X direction. The second sensing electrode portion 52Gd is arranged in the ⁇ Y direction.
- the second semiconductor chip 30A is moved in any direction among the +X direction, +Y direction, -X direction, and -Y direction with respect to the first semiconductor chip 20. It is possible to identify whether there is a shift.
- the first semiconductor chip 20 has the detection electrode 50, but the present technology is not limited thereto. As shown in FIG. 19, in the photodetecting device 1 according to the eighth modification of the first embodiment, the first semiconductor chip 20 has a sensing electrode 50H, and the second semiconductor chip 30A has a pad electrode 40H. Also good.
- the pad electrode 40H is an electrode facing the second bonding surface S2 and having a concave polygonal shape in plan view. More specifically, the pad electrode 40H is a five-sided star-shaped polygonal electrode when viewed from above.
- the sensing electrode 50H includes a first sensing electrode 51H and a second sensing electrode 52H facing the first region S1a.
- the first sensing electrode 51H like the pad electrode 40H, is a concave polygonal electrode in plan view, more specifically, a star-shaped polygonal electrode at the corners.
- the second sensing electrode 52H has a plurality of second sensing electrode portions arranged along a line surrounding the first sensing electrode 51H and electrically isolated from each other. More specifically, the second sensing electrode 52H has five second sensing electrode portions 52Ha, 52Hb, 52Hc, 52Hd, and 52He. Note that the plurality of second sensing electrode portions may be collectively referred to as the second sensing electrode 52H. Furthermore, if the second sensing electrode portions 52Ha to 52He are not distinguished from each other, they may be referred to as second sensing electrode portions 52H.
- Each of the second sensing electrode portions 52H has two electrically separated electrodes, for example, two rectangular electrodes.
- the rectangular electrodes of the second sensing electrode portion 52H are arranged along a line surrounding the first sensing electrode 51H. More specifically, the two rectangular electrodes of the second sensing electrode portion 52H are arranged to face two sides forming the convex corner of the first sensing electrode 51H. The two rectangular electrodes are placed equidistant from the two sides.
- the two rectangular electrodes of the second sensing electrode portion 52H have their lengths
- the pad electrode 40H is arranged so that its sides face the two sides forming the convex corner of the pad electrode 40H.
- the rectangular electrode is arranged such that the long side facing the pad electrode 40H is parallel to the side of the pad electrode 40H.
- the photodetecting device 1 according to the first embodiment has, for example, as shown in FIG. In the configuration, the center of the pad electrode 40I and the center of the first sensing electrode 51, which will be described later, coincide, but the present technology is not limited to this.
- the photodetecting device 1 according to the ninth modification of the first embodiment as shown in FIGS. 20A and 20B, the second semiconductor chip 30A is bonded to the first semiconductor chip 20 in an ideal alignment designed. In this state, the center of the pad electrode 40I may not coincide with the center of the first sensing electrode 51, which will be described later.
- an example will be described in which the pad electrode 40I is offset so that the center of the pad electrode 40I does not coincide with the center of the first sensing electrode 51, which will be described later. An offset configuration may also be used.
- FIG. 20A shows an example in which the relative position of the pad electrode 40I with respect to the sensing electrode 50 is offset to the left in the paper.
- FIG. 20B shows an example in which the relative position of the pad electrode 40I with respect to the sensing electrode 50 is offset to the right side of the paper.
- the management value for example, the management value Lx1 and the management value Lx2
- the offset as described above can be formed by exposing the entire mask pattern with an offset in the lithography process of forming the layer including the pad electrode 40I. Note that when bonding the second semiconductor chip 30A to the first semiconductor chip 20, it is sufficient to bond the second semiconductor chip 30A to the first semiconductor chip 20 using the mark of the layer that is not offset.
- the same effects as the photodetection device 1 according to the above-described first embodiment can be obtained. Further, in the photodetecting device 1 according to the ninth modification of the first embodiment, instead of offsetting the entire mask pattern and exposing it to light, only the region including the pad electrode 40I may be offset. Furthermore, in the mask pattern, the pattern of the pad electrode 40I may be offset.
- every dummy pad DP is used as the test electrode 60, but the present technology is not limited to this.
- dummy pads DP arranged continuously may be used as the test electrodes 60.
- the arrangement pitch of the dummy pads DP was small. Therefore, when bringing the probe P into contact with one test electrode 60, in order to prevent the probe P from coming into contact with other adjacent test electrodes 60, one dummy pad DP was skipped and used as the test electrode 60. .
- the arrangement pitch of the dummy pads DP is made larger than in the first embodiment, so that the continuously arranged dummy pads DP are used as the test electrodes 60. ing.
- the arrangement pitch of the dummy pads DP is widened, but the present technology is not limited to this.
- the area of one dummy pad DP used as the test electrode 60 may be increased.
- the test electrode 60 has, for example, a size of about 50 ⁇ m on one side, although it is not limited thereto.
- the photodetection device 1 according to the eleventh modification of the first embodiment is similar to the photodetection device 1 according to the first embodiment and the photodetection device 1 according to the tenth modification of the first embodiment described above. Effects can be obtained.
- ⁇ Modification 12> In the photodetecting device 1 according to Modification 11 of the first embodiment, the area of one dummy pad DP is increased, but the present technology is not limited to this. As shown in FIG. 23, in the photodetecting device 1 according to the twelfth modification of the first embodiment, a plurality of dummy pads DP are arranged closely to form one large dummy pad group, which is used as the test electrode 60. It's okay. In the dummy pad group, the distance between the dummy pads DP may be set to, for example, 1 ⁇ m or less, although it is not limited thereto. Further, each dummy pad DP of the dummy pad group is connected to one connection wiring 70 via a via (not shown) or the like. Therefore, inspection can be performed by bringing the probe P into contact with any dummy pad DP of the dummy pad group.
- the electronic device 100 shown in FIG. 24 includes a solid-state imaging device 101, an optical lens 102, a shutter device 103, a drive circuit 104, and a signal processing circuit 105.
- the electronic device 100 is, for example, an electronic device such as a camera, although it is not limited thereto. Further, the electronic device 100 includes the above-described photodetection device 1 as the solid-state imaging device 101.
- the optical lens (optical system) 102 forms an image of image light (incident light 106) from the subject onto the imaging surface of the solid-state imaging device 101.
- image light incident light 106
- the shutter device 103 controls the light irradiation period and the light blocking period to the solid-state imaging device 101.
- the drive circuit 104 supplies drive signals that control the transfer operation of the solid-state imaging device 101 and the shutter operation of the shutter device 103.
- Signal transfer of the solid-state imaging device 101 is performed by a drive signal (timing signal) supplied from the drive circuit 104.
- the signal processing circuit 105 performs various signal processing on signals (pixel signals) output from the solid-state imaging device 101.
- the video signal subjected to signal processing is stored in a storage medium such as a memory, or output to a monitor.
- the misalignment of the bonding of the first semiconductor chip 20 and the second semiconductor chip 30A can be electrically measured in the solid-state imaging device 101, so that the probability of overlooking the misalignment can be reduced. can contribute.
- the electronic device 100 is not limited to a camera, and may be another electronic device.
- it may be an imaging device such as a camera module for mobile devices such as mobile phones.
- the electronic device 100 also includes, as the solid-state imaging device 101, the photodetector 1 according to the first embodiment and any of its modifications, or the photodetector 1 according to a combination of at least two of the first embodiment and its modifications.
- a detection device 1 can be provided.
- connection pads, detection electrodes, inspection electrodes, and connection wiring can also be applied to a storage circuit such as a memory (not shown) that is configured by bonding a plurality of semiconductor chips together.
- a storage circuit such as a memory (not shown) that is configured by bonding a plurality of semiconductor chips together.
- drive circuit 104 and signal processing circuit 105 are configured by bonding multiple semiconductor chips together, the configurations of the connection pads, detection electrodes, inspection electrodes, and connection wiring described above can also be applied to those circuits. can.
- the technology according to the present disclosure (this technology) can be applied to various products.
- the technology according to the present disclosure may be realized as a device mounted on any type of moving body such as a car, electric vehicle, hybrid electric vehicle, motorcycle, bicycle, personal mobility, airplane, drone, ship, robot, etc. It's okay.
- FIG. 25 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration example of a vehicle control system, which is an example of a mobile object control system to which the technology according to the present disclosure can be applied.
- the vehicle control system 12000 includes a plurality of electronic control units connected via a communication network 12001.
- the vehicle control system 12000 includes a drive system control unit 12010, a body system control unit 12020, an outside vehicle information detection unit 12030, an inside vehicle information detection unit 12040, and an integrated control unit 12050.
- a microcomputer 12051, an audio/image output section 12052, and an in-vehicle network I/F (interface) 12053 are illustrated.
- the drive system control unit 12010 controls the operation of devices related to the drive system of the vehicle according to various programs.
- the drive system control unit 12010 includes a drive force generation device such as an internal combustion engine or a drive motor that generates drive force for the vehicle, a drive force transmission mechanism that transmits the drive force to wheels, and a drive force transmission mechanism that controls the steering angle of the vehicle. It functions as a control device for a steering mechanism to adjust and a braking device to generate braking force for the vehicle.
- the body system control unit 12020 controls the operations of various devices installed in the vehicle body according to various programs.
- the body system control unit 12020 functions as a keyless entry system, a smart key system, a power window device, or a control device for various lamps such as a headlamp, a back lamp, a brake lamp, a turn signal, or a fog lamp.
- radio waves transmitted from a portable device that replaces a key or signals from various switches may be input to the body control unit 12020.
- the body system control unit 12020 receives input of these radio waves or signals, and controls the door lock device, power window device, lamp, etc. of the vehicle.
- the external information detection unit 12030 detects information external to the vehicle in which the vehicle control system 12000 is mounted.
- an imaging section 12031 is connected to the outside-vehicle information detection unit 12030.
- the vehicle exterior information detection unit 12030 causes the imaging unit 12031 to capture an image of the exterior of the vehicle, and receives the captured image.
- the external information detection unit 12030 may perform object detection processing such as a person, car, obstacle, sign, or text on the road surface or distance detection processing based on the received image.
- the imaging unit 12031 is an optical sensor that receives light and outputs an electrical signal according to the amount of received light.
- the imaging unit 12031 can output the electrical signal as an image or as distance measurement information.
- the light received by the imaging unit 12031 may be visible light or non-visible light such as infrared rays.
- the in-vehicle information detection unit 12040 detects in-vehicle information.
- a driver condition detection section 12041 that detects the condition of the driver is connected to the in-vehicle information detection unit 12040.
- the driver condition detection unit 12041 includes, for example, a camera that images the driver, and the in-vehicle information detection unit 12040 detects the degree of fatigue or concentration of the driver based on the detection information input from the driver condition detection unit 12041. It may be calculated, or it may be determined whether the driver is falling asleep.
- the microcomputer 12051 calculates control target values for the driving force generation device, steering mechanism, or braking device based on the information inside and outside the vehicle acquired by the vehicle exterior information detection unit 12030 or the vehicle interior information detection unit 12040, Control commands can be output to 12010.
- the microcomputer 12051 realizes ADAS (Advanced Driver Assistance System) functions, including vehicle collision avoidance or impact mitigation, following distance based on vehicle distance, vehicle speed maintenance, vehicle collision warning, vehicle lane departure warning, etc. It is possible to perform cooperative control for the purpose of ADAS (Advanced Driver Assistance System) functions, including vehicle collision avoidance or impact mitigation, following distance based on vehicle distance, vehicle speed maintenance, vehicle collision warning, vehicle lane departure warning, etc. It is possible to perform cooperative control for the purpose of
- ADAS Advanced Driver Assistance System
- the microcomputer 12051 controls the driving force generating device, steering mechanism, braking device, etc. based on information about the surroundings of the vehicle acquired by the vehicle exterior information detection unit 12030 or the vehicle interior information detection unit 12040. It is possible to perform cooperative control for the purpose of autonomous driving, etc., which does not rely on operation.
- the microcomputer 12051 can output a control command to the body system control unit 12020 based on the information outside the vehicle acquired by the outside information detection unit 12030.
- the microcomputer 12051 controls the headlamps according to the position of the preceding vehicle or oncoming vehicle detected by the vehicle exterior information detection unit 12030, and performs cooperative control for the purpose of preventing glare, such as switching from high beam to low beam. It can be carried out.
- the audio and image output unit 12052 transmits an output signal of at least one of audio and images to an output device that can visually or audibly notify information to the occupants of the vehicle or to the outside of the vehicle.
- an audio speaker 12061, a display section 12062, and an instrument panel 12063 are illustrated as output devices.
- the display unit 12062 may include, for example, at least one of an on-board display and a head-up display.
- FIG. 26 is a diagram showing an example of the installation position of the imaging section 12031.
- the vehicle 12100 has imaging units 12101, 12102, 12103, 12104, and 12105 as the imaging unit 12031.
- the imaging units 12101, 12102, 12103, 12104, and 12105 are provided, for example, at positions such as the front nose, side mirrors, rear bumper, back door, and the top of the windshield inside the vehicle 12100.
- An imaging unit 12101 provided in the front nose and an imaging unit 12105 provided above the windshield inside the vehicle mainly acquire images in front of the vehicle 12100.
- Imaging units 12102 and 12103 provided in the side mirrors mainly capture images of the sides of the vehicle 12100.
- An imaging unit 12104 provided in the rear bumper or back door mainly captures images of the rear of the vehicle 12100.
- the images of the front acquired by the imaging units 12101 and 12105 are mainly used for detecting preceding vehicles, pedestrians, obstacles, traffic lights, traffic signs, lanes, and the like.
- FIG. 26 shows an example of the imaging range of the imaging units 12101 to 12104.
- An imaging range 12111 indicates the imaging range of the imaging unit 12101 provided on the front nose
- imaging ranges 12112 and 12113 indicate imaging ranges of the imaging units 12102 and 12103 provided on the side mirrors, respectively
- an imaging range 12114 shows the imaging range of the imaging unit 12101 provided on the front nose.
- the imaging range of the imaging unit 12104 provided in the rear bumper or back door is shown. For example, by overlapping the image data captured by the imaging units 12101 to 12104, an overhead image of the vehicle 12100 viewed from above can be obtained.
- At least one of the imaging units 12101 to 12104 may have a function of acquiring distance information.
- at least one of the imaging units 12101 to 12104 may be a stereo camera including a plurality of image sensors, or may be an image sensor having pixels for phase difference detection.
- the microcomputer 12051 determines the distance to each three-dimensional object within the imaging ranges 12111 to 12114 and the temporal change in this distance (relative speed with respect to the vehicle 12100) based on the distance information obtained from the imaging units 12101 to 12104. In particular, by determining the three-dimensional object that is closest to the vehicle 12100 on its path and that is traveling at a predetermined speed (for example, 0 km/h or more) in approximately the same direction as the vehicle 12100, it is possible to extract the three-dimensional object as the preceding vehicle. can.
- a predetermined speed for example, 0 km/h or more
- the microcomputer 12051 can set an inter-vehicle distance to be secured in advance in front of the preceding vehicle, and perform automatic brake control (including follow-up stop control), automatic acceleration control (including follow-up start control), and the like. In this way, it is possible to perform cooperative control for the purpose of autonomous driving, etc., in which the vehicle travels autonomously without depending on the driver's operation.
- the microcomputer 12051 transfers three-dimensional object data to other three-dimensional objects such as two-wheeled vehicles, regular vehicles, large vehicles, pedestrians, and utility poles based on the distance information obtained from the imaging units 12101 to 12104. It can be classified and extracted and used for automatic obstacle avoidance. For example, the microcomputer 12051 identifies obstacles around the vehicle 12100 into obstacles that are visible to the driver of the vehicle 12100 and obstacles that are difficult to see. Then, the microcomputer 12051 determines a collision risk indicating the degree of risk of collision with each obstacle, and when the collision risk exceeds a set value and there is a possibility of a collision, the microcomputer 12051 transmits information via the audio speaker 12061 and the display unit 12062. By outputting a warning to the driver via the vehicle control unit 12010 and performing forced deceleration and avoidance steering via the drive system control unit 12010, driving support for collision avoidance can be provided.
- the microcomputer 12051 determines a collision risk indicating the degree of risk of collision with each obstacle, and when the collision risk exceed
- At least one of the imaging units 12101 to 12104 may be an infrared camera that detects infrared rays.
- the microcomputer 12051 can recognize a pedestrian by determining whether the pedestrian is present in the images captured by the imaging units 12101 to 12104.
- pedestrian recognition involves, for example, a procedure for extracting feature points in images captured by the imaging units 12101 to 12104 as infrared cameras, and a pattern matching process is performed on a series of feature points indicating the outline of an object to determine whether it is a pedestrian or not.
- the audio image output unit 12052 creates a rectangular outline for emphasis on the recognized pedestrian.
- the display unit 12062 is controlled to display the .
- the audio image output unit 12052 may control the display unit 12062 to display an icon or the like indicating a pedestrian at a desired position.
- the technology according to the present disclosure is not limited to the configurations described above, it can be applied to, for example, a semiconductor device configured by bonding a plurality of semiconductor chips, such as the imaging section 12031.
- a semiconductor device configured by bonding a plurality of semiconductor chips, such as the imaging section 12031.
- the present technology can be applied to all light detection devices, including not only the solid-state imaging device as an image sensor described above, but also a ranging sensor that measures distance, also called a ToF (Time of Flight) sensor.
- a distance measurement sensor emits illumination light toward an object, detects the reflected light that is reflected back from the object's surface, and measures the flight from the time the illumination light is emitted until the reflected light is received. This is a sensor that calculates the distance to an object based on time.
- the structure of this distance measurement sensor the structure of the pad electrode, detection electrode, and connection wiring described above can be adopted.
- the present technology is also applicable to semiconductor devices other than the photodetector device 1.
- the first semiconductor chip 20 does not need to be equipped with a photoelectric conversion element.
- the first semiconductor chip 20 may be a memory circuit such as a DRAM, a logic circuit, an AI circuit, or the like.
- the materials listed as constituting the above-mentioned constituent elements may contain additives, impurities, and the like.
- the present technology may have the following configuration.
- the first semiconductor chip includes a first sensing electrode facing the first region, a second sensing electrode facing the first region and surrounding the first sensing electrode, and a first testing electrode facing the second region. and a second inspection electrode, a first connection wiring that electrically connects the first detection electrode to the first inspection electrode, and a second connection that electrically connects the second detection electrode to the second inspection electrode.
- the second semiconductor chip has a pad electrode facing the second bonding surface and connected only to the first sensing electrode of the first sensing electrode and the second sensing electrode, The width of the pad electrode is smaller than the distance between the portions of the second sensing electrodes that face each other across the first sensing electrode, and is smaller than the distance between the first sensing electrode and the second sensing electrode. big, Semiconductor equipment.
- the second sensing electrode has a plurality of second sensing electrode portions arranged along a line surrounding the first sensing electrode and electrically isolated from each other, The semiconductor device according to (1), wherein the second inspection electrode and the second connection wiring are provided for each second detection electrode portion.
- the first semiconductor chip includes: a third sensing electrode facing the first region and surrounding the second sensing electrode; a third inspection electrode facing the second region; a third connection wiring that electrically connects the third detection electrode to the third inspection electrode;
- the semiconductor device according to (1) having: (4)
- the third sensing electrode has a plurality of third sensing electrode portions arranged along a line surrounding the second sensing electrode and electrically isolated from each other, The semiconductor device according to (3), wherein the third inspection electrode and the third connection wiring are provided for each third sensing electrode portion.
- the pad electrode is a polygonal electrode
- the second sensing electrode is a continuous band-shaped electrode along the outer shape of a polygon having the same number of sides as the pad electrode.
- the pad electrode is a rectangular electrode.
- the pad electrode is an octagonal electrode.
- the semiconductor device according to any one of (1) to (5), wherein the pad electrode has a concave polygonal shape.
- the semiconductor device according to any one of (5) to (8), wherein the first sensing electrode is a polygonal electrode having the same number of sides as the pad electrode in plan view. (10) In plan view, the pad electrode is a circular electrode, The semiconductor device according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein the second sensing electrode is an annular electrode. (11) The semiconductor device according to (10), wherein the first sensing electrode is a circular electrode when viewed in plan. (12) The semiconductor device according to any one of (1) to (11), wherein the first semiconductor chip includes a photoelectric conversion element. (13) The semiconductor device according to (12), wherein the second semiconductor chip includes at least one of a memory circuit, a logic circuit, and an AI circuit.
- the semiconductor device according to any one of (1) to (13), wherein a plurality of the second semiconductor chips are bonded to the first semiconductor chip.
- a semiconductor wafer having a plurality of chip regions that become first semiconductor chips when divided, and one surface of which is a first bonding surface; preparing a second semiconductor chip whose size in plan view is smaller than the chip area and whose one surface is a second bonding surface; Each of the chip regions includes a first region of the first bonding surface, a second region of the first bonding surface other than the first region, and a first region facing the first region.
- the second semiconductor chip has a pad electrode facing the second bonding surface, The width of the pad electrode is smaller than the distance between the portions of the second sensing electrodes that face each other across the first sensing electrode, and is smaller than the distance between the first sensing electrode and the second sensing electrode.
- the semiconductor device includes: a first semiconductor chip, one surface of which is a first bonding surface, and the first bonding surface has a first region and a second region other than the first region; a second semiconductor chip having a size smaller in plan view than the first semiconductor chip, one surface of which is a second bonding surface, and the second bonding surface is bonded to the first region; ,
- the first semiconductor chip includes a first sensing electrode facing the first region, a second sensing electrode facing the first region and surrounding the first sensing electrode, and a first testing electrode facing the second region.
- the second semiconductor chip has a pad electrode facing the second bonding surface and connected only to the first sensing electrode of the first sensing electrode and the second sensing electrode, The width of the pad electrode is smaller than the distance between the portions of the second sensing electrodes that face each other across the first sensing electrode, and is smaller than the distance between the first sensing electrode and the second sensing electrode. big, Electronics.
- Photodetection device (semiconductor device) 2 Semiconductor chip 2A Pixel area 3 Pixel 4 Vertical drive circuit 5 Column signal processing circuit 6 Horizontal drive circuit 7 Output circuit 8 Control circuit 13 Logic circuit 14 Bonding pad 15 Readout circuit 20 First semiconductor chip 30, 30A, 30B, 30C Second Semiconductor chip 40, 40D, 40E, 40H, 40I Pad electrode 50, 50A, 50B, 50C, 50D, 50E, 50F, 50G, 50H Detection electrode 51, 51D, 51E, 51H 1st detection electrode 52, 52A, 52D, 52E , 52F, 52G, 52H Second sensing electrode 52, 52D, 52F, 52G, 52H Second sensing electrode portion 53, 53C Third sensing electrode 53 Third sensing electrode portion 60 Inspection electrode 61 First inspection electrode 62, 62a, 62c Second inspection electrode 63, 63a, 63c Third inspection electrode 70 Connection wiring 71 First connection wiring 72 Second connection wiring 73 Third connection wiring 90, 91, 92,
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Abstract
Description
1.第1実施形態
2.応用例
電子機器への応用例
移動体への応用例
この実施形態では、裏面照射型のCMOS(Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor)イメージセンサである光検出装置に本技術を適用した一例について説明する。
まず、光検出装置1の全体構成について説明する。光検出装置1は、半導体装置の一例である。図1に示すように、本技術の第1実施形態に係る光検出装置1は、平面視したときの二次元平面形状が方形状の半導体チップ2を主体に構成されている。すなわち、光検出装置1は、半導体チップ2に搭載されている。この光検出装置1は、図24に示すように、光学系(光学レンズ)102を介して被写体からの像光(入射光106)を取り込み、撮像面上に結像された入射光106の光量を画素単位で電気信号に変換して画素信号として出力する。
図2に示すように、半導体チップ2は、垂直駆動回路4、カラム信号処理回路5、水平駆動回路6、出力回路7及び制御回路8など、を含むロジック回路13を備えている。ロジック回路13は、電界効果トランジスタとして、例えば、nチャネル導電型のMOSFET(Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor)及びpチャネル導電型のMOSFETを有するCMOS(Complenentary MOS)回路で構成されている。
図3は、画素3の一構成例を示す等価回路図である。画素3は、光電変換素子PDと、この光電変換素子PDで光電変換された信号電荷を蓄積(保持)する電荷蓄積領域(フローティングディフュージョン:Floating Diffusion)FDと、この光電変換素子PDで光電変換された信号電荷を電荷蓄積領域FDに転送する転送トランジスタTRと、を備えている。また、画素3は、電荷蓄積領域FDに電気的に接続された読出し回路15を備えている。
次に、光検出装置1の具体的な構成について、図4から図8Bまでを用いて説明する。
光検出装置1を搭載した半導体チップ2は、図4に示すように、第1半導体チップ20と、第1半導体チップ20に貼り合わされた第2半導体チップ30とを備えている。すなわち、半導体チップ2は、貼り合わされた複数の半導体チップにより構成されている。まず、第2半導体チップ30から説明する。
第2半導体チップ30は、第1半導体チップ20とは異なるウエハに構成され、その後個片化される。個片化された第2半導体チップ30は、個片化される前の第1半導体チップ20に対して貼り合わされる。つまり、光検出装置1を搭載した半導体チップ2は、CoW(チップオンウエハ)で形成される。
図5Cに示すように、第1接合面S1には第2半導体チップ30A,30B,30Cの3つの第2半導体チップが接合されている。これらの第2半導体チップ30は、それぞれ同様に第1接合面S1に対して貼り合わされている。そこで、第2半導体チップ30Aを例に、CoWの貼り合わせについて説明する。
パッド電極40は、第2半導体チップ30Aの接続パッドMPと一緒に形成されるので、接続パッドMPを構成する材料と同じ材料で構成されている。検知電極50及びダミーパッドDPは、第1半導体チップ20の接続パッドMPと一緒に形成されるので、接続パッドMPを構成する材料と同じ材料で構成されている。なお、接続パッドMPを構成する材料はすでに説明した通りである。本実施形態では、パッド電極40、検知電極50、ダミーパッドDP、及び接続パッドMPを構成する材料は銅であるとして、説明する。
図6Bに示すように、第1半導体チップ20は、第2領域S1bに臨み且つダミーパッドDPにより構成された検査電極60と、配線層22内に設けられ且つ検知電極50を検査電極60に電気的に接続する接続配線70と、を有している。
以上説明したように、第2検知電極部分52毎に、第2検査電極62及び第2接続配線72が設けられている。すなわち、第2検知電極部分52と第2検査電極62と第2接続配線72との組92は、複数組設けられている。そして、組92同士は、互いに電気的に分離されている。図6Bには、第2検知電極部分52aと第2検査電極62aと第2接続配線72aとの組92a、及び第2検知電極部分52cと第2検査電極62cと第2接続配線72cとの組92c、を例示している。なお、組92aと組92c等の複数の組を互いに区別しない場合、単に組92と呼ぶ。
第2半導体チップ30Aと第1半導体チップ20との貼り合わせのアライメントずれが管理値より小さいか否かは、一対のプローブPを用いて、組91と組92との間の電気的導通の有無を確認することにより、判定することができる。より具体的には、アライメントずれが管理値より小さいか否かは、第1検査電極61及び複数の第2検査電極62が第2領域S1bに露出しているので、一対のプローブPを用いて、複数の検査電極60のうちの2つの検査電極からなるペアの間の電気的導通の有無を、ペアを変えながら確認することにより、判定することができる。より具体的には、アライメントずれが管理値より小さいか否かは、一対のプローブPを用いて、第1検査電極61と、複数の第2検査電極62のうちの1つとからなるペアの間の電気的導通の有無を、ペアを変えながら確認することにより、判定することができる。以下、判定について詳細に説明する。
以下、図9Aから図9Eまでを参照して、光検出装置1の製造方法について説明する。なお、以下に説明する光検出装置1の製造方法において、光検出装置1の構成は、図4、図5B、及び図5Cに示す光検出装置1の構成と異なる部分がある。例えば、以下に説明する光検出装置1の製造方法において、第2半導体チップ30の数は2つであり、そのうち一方のチップはメモリ等の記憶回路を搭載し、他方のチップはロジック回路13、人工知能(AI)を構成する回路等を搭載している。また、第1半導体チップ20は、第1半導体チップ20Aと第1半導体チップ20Bとの積層構造を有し、第1半導体チップ20Aの半導体層21には、上述の画素領域2A及び光電変換素子PDが構成されている。また、図9Aから図9Eまでには、図5Aの半導体ウエハWに対してチップ領域CP毎に形成された複数の第1半導体チップ20のうちの、個片化される前の一つの第1半導体チップ20のみを示している。
以下、第1実施形態の主な効果を説明するが、その前に、WoW(ウエハオンウエハ)方式で貼り合わせた例について、説明する。図10に示す例では、それぞれ集積回路が構成されたウエハW1とウエハW2とをWoWで接合している。ウエハW1とウエハW2とをWoWで接合する場合、貼り合わせのアライメントずれを計測するためのマークMK1,MK2を、スクライブラインに設けることができた。スクライブラインには個片化の際に切断される領域であるため、たとえ配線等が設けられていたとしても僅かであった。そのため、貼り合わせのアライメントずれの測定を赤外光等の検査光を用いて光学的に行った場合であっても、配線等によって検査光の進行が阻害されることは、生じ難かった。そのため、貼り合わせのアライメントずれの測定を、赤外光等の検査光を用いて反射式(図10の紙面左側)、又は透過式(図10の紙面右側)で行うことができる。
以下、第1実施形態の変形例について、説明する。
第1実施形態に係る光検出装置1では、第1半導体チップ20が検知電極50を有していたが、本技術はこれには限定されない。図11A及び図11Bに示すように、第1実施形態の変形例1に係る光検出装置1では、第1半導体チップ20が検知電極50に代えて検知電極50Aを有していても良い。
第1実施形態に係る光検出装置1では、第1半導体チップ20が検知電極50を有していたが、本技術はこれには限定されない。図12A、図12B、図13A、及び図13Bに示すように、第1実施形態の変形例2に係る光検出装置1では、第1半導体チップ20が検知電極50に代えて検知電極50Bを有していても良い。そして、本変形例では、上述の管理値を、第1管理値と第2管理値との2段階で設けている。
第1実施形態に係る光検出装置1では、第1半導体チップ20が検知電極50を有していたが、本技術はこれには限定されない。図14A及び図14Bに示すように、第1実施形態の変形例3に係る光検出装置1では、第1半導体チップ20が検知電極50に代えて検知電極50Cを有していても良い。
第1実施形態に係る光検出装置1では、第1半導体チップ20が検知電極50を有し、第2半導体チップ30Aがパッド電極40を有していたが、本技術はこれには限定されない。図15に示すように、第1実施形態の変形例4に係る光検出装置1では、第1半導体チップ20が検知電極50Dを有し、第2半導体チップ30Aがパッド電極40Dを有していても良い。
第1実施形態に係る光検出装置1では、第1半導体チップ20が検知電極50を有していたが、本技術はこれには限定されない。図16に示すように、第1実施形態の変形例5に係る光検出装置1では、第1半導体チップ20が検知電極50に代えて検知電極50Eを有し、第2半導体チップ30Aがパッド電極40に代えてパッド電極40Eを有していても良い。
第1実施形態に係る光検出装置1では、第1半導体チップ20が検知電極50を有していたが、本技術はこれには限定されない。図17に示すように、第1実施形態の変形例6に係る光検出装置1では、第1半導体チップ20が検知電極50に代えて検知電極50Fを有し、第2半導体チップ30Aがパッド電極40に代えてパッド電極40Eを有していても良い。
第1実施形態に係る光検出装置1では、第1半導体チップ20が検知電極50を有していたが、本技術はこれには限定されない。図18に示すように、第1実施形態の変形例7に係る光検出装置1では、第1半導体チップ20が検知電極50に代えて検知電極50Gを有し、第2半導体チップ30Aがパッド電極40に代えてパッド電極40Eを有していても良い。
第1実施形態に係る光検出装置1は、第1半導体チップ20が検知電極50を有していたが、本技術はこれには限定されない。図19に示すように、第1実施形態の変形例8に係る光検出装置1では、第1半導体チップ20が検知電極50Hを有し、第2半導体チップ30Aがパッド電極40Hを有していても良い。
第2半導体チップ30Aが第1半導体チップ20に対して設計された理想的なアライメントで貼り合わされた状態において、第1実施形態に係る光検出装置1では、例えば図6Aに示すように、平面視において、パッド電極40Iの中心と後述の第1検知電極51の中心とが一致する構成であったが、本技術はこれには限定されない。第1実施形態の変形例9に係る光検出装置1では、図20A及び図20Bに示すように、第2半導体チップ30Aが第1半導体チップ20に対して設計された理想的なアライメントで貼り合わされた状態において、パッド電極40Iの中心と後述の第1検知電極51の中心とが一致していない構成であっても良い。なお、本変形例では、パッド電極40Iの中心と後述の第1検知電極51の中心とが一致していない構成とするために、パッド電極40Iをオフセットさせる例について説明するが、検知電極50をオフセットさせる構成であっても良い。
また、第1実施形態の変形例9に係る光検出装置1では、マスクパターン全体をオフセットして露光するのではなく、パッド電極40Iを含む領域のみをオフセットさせても良い。
さらには、マスクパターンにおいて、パッド電極40Iのパターンをオフセットさせても良い。
第1実施形態に係る光検出装置1では、例えば図6Bに示すように、ダミーパッドDPを1つ飛ばしで検査電極60として利用していたが、本技術はこれには限定されない。第1実施形態の変形例10に係る光検出装置1では、図21に示すように、連続して配置されたダミーパッドDPを検査電極60として利用しても良い。
第1実施形態の変形例10に係る光検出装置1では、ダミーパッドDPの配置ピッチを広げていたが、本技術はこれには限定されない。第1実施形態の変形例11に係る光検出装置1では、図22に示すように、検査電極60として利用する一つのダミーパッドDPの面積を大きくしても良い。検査電極60は、これには限定されないが、例えば、一辺が50μm程度の大きさを有している。
第1実施形態の変形例11に係る光検出装置1では、一つのダミーパッドDPの面積を大きくしていたが、本技術はこれには限定されない。図23に示すように、第1実施形態の変形例12に係る光検出装置1では、複数のダミーパッドDPを密に配列することで、一つの大きなダミーパッド群とし、検査電極60として利用しても良い。ダミーパッド群では、ダミーパッドDP同士の間の間隔を、これには限定されないが、例えば、1μm以下にすれば良い。また、ダミーパッド群の各ダミーパッドDPは、図示しないビア等を介して1本の接続配線70に接続されている。そのため、プローブPを、ダミーパッド群のいずれかのダミーパッドDPに接触させることにより、検査を行うことができる。
<1.電子機器への応用例>
次に、図24に示す電子機器100について説明する。電子機器100は、固体撮像装置101と、光学レンズ102と、シャッタ装置103と、駆動回路104と、信号処理回路105とを備えている。電子機器100は、これに限定されないが、例えば、カメラ等の電子機器である。また、電子機器100は、固体撮像装置101として、上述の光検出装置1を備えている。
本開示に係る技術(本技術)は、様々な製品へ応用することができる。例えば、本開示に係る技術は、自動車、電気自動車、ハイブリッド電気自動車、自動二輪車、自転車、パーソナルモビリティ、飛行機、ドローン、船舶、ロボット等のいずれかの種類の移動体に搭載される装置として実現されてもよい。
上記のように、本技術は第1実施形態及びその変形例によって記載したが、この開示の一部をなす論述及び図面は本技術を限定するものであると理解すべきではない。この開示から当業者には様々な代替の実施形態、実施例及び運用技術が明らかとなろう。
(1)
一方の面が第1接合面であり且つ前記第1接合面には第1領域と前記第1領域以外の領域である第2領域とを有する第1半導体チップと、
平面視の大きさが前記第1半導体チップより小さく、一方の面が第2接合面であり、前記第2接合面が前記第1領域に対して貼り合わされた第2半導体チップと、を有し、
前記第1半導体チップは、前記第1領域に臨む第1検知電極と、前記第1領域に臨み且つ第1検知電極を囲んでいる第2検知電極と、前記第2領域に臨む第1検査電極及び第2検査電極と、前記第1検知電極を前記第1検査電極に電気的に接続する第1接続配線と、前記第2検知電極を前記第2検査電極に電気的に接続する第2接続配線と、を有し、
前記第2半導体チップは、前記第2接合面に臨み且つ前記第1検知電極と前記第2検知電極とのうちの前記第1検知電極のみに接続されたパッド電極を有し、
前記パッド電極の幅は、前記第2検知電極のうちの前記第1検知電極を挟んで対向する部分の間の距離より小さく且つ前記第1検知電極と前記第2検知電極との間の距離より大きい、
半導体装置。
(2)
前記第2検知電極は、前記第1検知電極を包囲する線上に沿って配列され且つ互いに電気的に分離された複数の第2検知電極部分を有し、
前記第2検知電極部分毎に、前記第2検査電極及び前記第2接続配線が設けられている、(1)に記載の半導体装置。
(3)
前記第1半導体チップは、
前記第1領域に臨み且つ前記第2検知電極を囲んでいる第3検知電極と、
前記第2領域に臨む第3検査電極と、
前記第3検知電極を前記第3検査電極に電気的に接続する第3接続配線と、
を有する、(1)に記載の半導体装置。
(4)
前記第3検知電極は、前記第2検知電極を包囲する線上に沿って配列され且つ互いに電気的に分離された複数の第3検知電極部分を有し、
前記第3検知電極部分毎に、前記第3検査電極及び前記第3接続配線が設けられている、(3)に記載の半導体装置。
(5)
平面視で、前記パッド電極は多角形の電極であり、
前記第2検知電極は、前記パッド電極と辺の数が同じ多角形の外形に沿って連続した帯状の電極である、(1)から(4)のいずれかに記載の半導体装置。
(6)
前記パッド電極は方形の電極である、(1)から(5)のいずれかに記載の半導体装置。
(7)
前記パッド電極は八角形の電極である、(1)から(5)のいずれかに記載の半導体装置。
(8)
前記パッド電極は凹多角形である、(1)から(5)のいずれかに記載の半導体装置。(9)
平面視で、前記第1検知電極は、前記パッド電極と辺の数が同じ多角形の電極である、(5)から(8)のいずれかに記載の半導体装置。
(10)
平面視で、前記パッド電極は円形の電極であり、
前記第2検知電極は、円環状の電極である、(1)から(4)のいずれかに記載の半導体装置。
(11)
平面視で、前記第1検知電極は円形の電極である、(10)に記載の半導体装置。
(12)
前記第1半導体チップには、光電変換素子が搭載されている、(1)から(11)のいずれかに記載の半導体装置。
(13)
前記第2半導体チップには、記憶回路、ロジック回路、及びAI回路のうちの少なくとも一つが搭載されている、(12)に記載の半導体装置。
(14)
前記第2半導体チップは、前記第1半導体チップに複数個貼り合わされている、(1)から(13)のいずれかに記載の半導体装置。
(15)
分断されることで第1半導体チップとなる領域であるチップ領域を複数有し且つ一方の面が第1接合面である半導体ウエハと、
平面視の大きさが前記チップ領域より小さく、一方の面が第2接合面である第2半導体チップと、を準備し、
前記チップ領域のそれぞれは、前記第1接合面のうちの第1領域と、前記第1接合面のうちの前記第1領域以外の領域である第2領域と、前記第1領域に臨む第1検知電極と、前記第1領域に臨み且つ第1検知電極を囲んでいる第2検知電極と、前記第2領域に臨む第1検査電極及び第2検査電極と、前記第1検知電極を前記第1検査電極に電気的に接続する第1接続配線と、前記第2検知電極を前記第2検査電極に電気的に接続する第2接続配線と、を有し、
前記第2半導体チップは、前記第2接合面に臨むパッド電極を有し、
前記パッド電極の幅は、前記第2検知電極のうちの前記第1検知電極を挟んで対向する部分の間の距離より小さく且つ前記第1検知電極と前記第2検知電極との間の距離より大きく、
前記パッド電極と前記第1検知電極とが重なるように、前記第2半導体チップと前記チップ領域との位置合わせを行い、
前記第2半導体チップの前記第2接合面を前記チップ領域の前記第1領域に貼り合わせ、
前記第1検査電極と前記第2検査電極との間の電気的導通の有無に基づき、前記第2半導体チップと前記チップ領域との接合の良否を判定する、
半導体装置の製造方法。
(16)
半導体装置と、前記半導体装置に被写体からの像光を結像させる光学系と、を備え、
前記半導体装置は、
一方の面が第1接合面であり且つ前記第1接合面には第1領域と前記第1領域以外の領域である第2領域とを有する第1半導体チップと、
平面視の大きさが前記第1半導体チップより小さく、一方の面が第2接合面であり、前記第2接合面が前記第1領域に対して貼り合わされた第2半導体チップと、を有し、
前記第1半導体チップは、前記第1領域に臨む第1検知電極と、前記第1領域に臨み且つ第1検知電極を囲んでいる第2検知電極と、前記第2領域に臨む第1検査電極及び第2検査電極と、前記第1検知電極を前記第1検査電極に電気的に接続する第1接続配線と、前記第2検知電極を前記第2検査電極に電気的に接続する第2接続配線と、を有し、
前記第2半導体チップは、前記第2接合面に臨み且つ前記第1検知電極と前記第2検知電極とのうちの前記第1検知電極のみに接続されたパッド電極を有し、
前記パッド電極の幅は、前記第2検知電極のうちの前記第1検知電極を挟んで対向する部分の間の距離より小さく且つ前記第1検知電極と前記第2検知電極との間の距離より大きい、
電子機器。
2 半導体チップ
2A 画素領域
3 画素
4 垂直駆動回路
5 カラム信号処理回路
6 水平駆動回路
7 出力回路
8 制御回路
13 ロジック回路
14 ボンディングパッド
15 読出し回路
20 第1半導体チップ
30,30A,30B,30C 第2半導体チップ
40,40D,40E,40H,40I パッド電極
50,50A,50B,50C,50D,50E,50F,50G,50H 検知電極
51,51D,51E,51H 第1検知電極
52,52A,52D,52E,52F,52G,52H 第2検知電極
52,52D,52F,52G,52H 第2検知電極部分
53,53C 第3検知電極
53 第3検知電極部分
60 検査電極
61 第1検査電極
62,62a,62c 第2検査電極
63,63a,63c 第3検査電極
70 接続配線
71 第1接続配線
72 第2接続配線
73 第3接続配線
90,91,92,93 組
100 電子機器
101 固体撮像装置
102 光学系(光学レンズ)
103 シャッタ装置
104 駆動回路
105 信号処理回路
106 入射光
Claims (16)
- 一方の面が第1接合面であり且つ前記第1接合面には第1領域と前記第1領域以外の領域である第2領域とを有する第1半導体チップと、
平面視の大きさが前記第1半導体チップより小さく、一方の面が第2接合面であり、前記第2接合面が前記第1領域に対して貼り合わされた第2半導体チップと、を有し、
前記第1半導体チップは、前記第1領域に臨む第1検知電極と、前記第1領域に臨み且つ第1検知電極を囲んでいる第2検知電極と、前記第2領域に臨む第1検査電極及び第2検査電極と、前記第1検知電極を前記第1検査電極に電気的に接続する第1接続配線と、前記第2検知電極を前記第2検査電極に電気的に接続する第2接続配線と、を有し、
前記第2半導体チップは、前記第2接合面に臨み且つ前記第1検知電極と前記第2検知電極とのうちの前記第1検知電極のみに接続されたパッド電極を有し、
前記パッド電極の幅は、前記第2検知電極のうちの前記第1検知電極を挟んで対向する部分の間の距離より小さく且つ前記第1検知電極と前記第2検知電極との間の距離より大きい、
半導体装置。 - 前記第2検知電極は、前記第1検知電極を包囲する線上に沿って配列され且つ互いに電気的に分離された複数の第2検知電極部分を有し、
前記第2検知電極部分毎に、前記第2検査電極及び前記第2接続配線が設けられている、請求項1に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記第1半導体チップは、
前記第1領域に臨み且つ前記第2検知電極を囲んでいる第3検知電極と、
前記第2領域に臨む第3検査電極と、
前記第3検知電極を前記第3検査電極に電気的に接続する第3接続配線と、
を有する、請求項1に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記第3検知電極は、前記第2検知電極を包囲する線上に沿って配列され且つ互いに電気的に分離された複数の第3検知電極部分を有し、
前記第3検知電極部分毎に、前記第3検査電極及び前記第3接続配線が設けられている、請求項3に記載の半導体装置。 - 平面視で、前記パッド電極は多角形の電極であり、
前記第2検知電極は、前記パッド電極と辺の数が同じ多角形の外形に沿って連続した帯状の電極である、請求項1に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記パッド電極は方形の電極である、請求項1に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記パッド電極は八角形の電極である、請求項1に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記パッド電極は凹多角形である、請求項1に記載の半導体装置。
- 平面視で、前記第1検知電極は、前記パッド電極と辺の数が同じ多角形の電極である、請求項5に記載の半導体装置。
- 平面視で、前記パッド電極は円形の電極であり、
前記第2検知電極は、円環状の電極である、請求項1に記載の半導体装置。 - 平面視で、前記第1検知電極は円形の電極である、請求項10に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第1半導体チップには、光電変換素子が搭載されている、請求項1に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第2半導体チップには、記憶回路、ロジック回路、及びAI回路のうちの少なくとも一つが搭載されている、請求項12に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第2半導体チップは、前記第1半導体チップに複数個貼り合わされている、請求項1に記載の半導体装置。
- 分断されることで第1半導体チップとなる領域であるチップ領域を複数有し且つ一方の面が第1接合面である半導体ウエハと、
平面視の大きさが前記チップ領域より小さく、一方の面が第2接合面である第2半導体チップと、を準備し、
前記チップ領域のそれぞれは、前記第1接合面のうちの第1領域と、前記第1接合面のうちの前記第1領域以外の領域である第2領域と、前記第1領域に臨む第1検知電極と、前記第1領域に臨み且つ第1検知電極を囲んでいる第2検知電極と、前記第2領域に臨む第1検査電極及び第2検査電極と、前記第1検知電極を前記第1検査電極に電気的に接続する第1接続配線と、前記第2検知電極を前記第2検査電極に電気的に接続する第2接続配線と、を有し、
前記第2半導体チップは、前記第2接合面に臨むパッド電極を有し、
前記パッド電極の幅は、前記第2検知電極のうちの前記第1検知電極を挟んで対向する部分の間の距離より小さく且つ前記第1検知電極と前記第2検知電極との間の距離より大きく、
前記パッド電極と前記第1検知電極とが重なるように、前記第2半導体チップと前記チップ領域との位置合わせを行い、
前記第2半導体チップの前記第2接合面を前記チップ領域の前記第1領域に貼り合わせ、
前記第1検査電極と前記第2検査電極との間の電気的導通の有無に基づき、前記第2半導体チップと前記チップ領域との接合の良否を判定する、
半導体装置の製造方法。 - 半導体装置と、前記半導体装置に被写体からの像光を結像させる光学系と、を備え、
前記半導体装置は、
一方の面が第1接合面であり且つ前記第1接合面には第1領域と前記第1領域以外の領域である第2領域とを有する第1半導体チップと、
平面視の大きさが前記第1半導体チップより小さく、一方の面が第2接合面であり、前記第2接合面が前記第1領域に対して貼り合わされた第2半導体チップと、を有し、
前記第1半導体チップは、前記第1領域に臨む第1検知電極と、前記第1領域に臨み且つ第1検知電極を囲んでいる第2検知電極と、前記第2領域に臨む第1検査電極及び第2検査電極と、前記第1検知電極を前記第1検査電極に電気的に接続する第1接続配線と、前記第2検知電極を前記第2検査電極に電気的に接続する第2接続配線と、を有し、
前記第2半導体チップは、前記第2接合面に臨み且つ前記第1検知電極と前記第2検知電極とのうちの前記第1検知電極のみに接続されたパッド電極を有し、
前記パッド電極の幅は、前記第2検知電極のうちの前記第1検知電極を挟んで対向する部分の間の距離より小さく且つ前記第1検知電極と前記第2検知電極との間の距離より大きい、
電子機器。
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Cited By (3)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2025110228A1 (ja) * | 2023-11-24 | 2025-05-30 | 東京エレクトロン株式会社 | 検査方法、検査装置及び基板処理装置 |
| WO2025115431A1 (ja) * | 2023-11-30 | 2025-06-05 | ソニーセミコンダクタソリューションズ株式会社 | 半導体装置及び電子機器 |
| WO2025173070A1 (ja) * | 2024-02-13 | 2025-08-21 | 株式会社ソシオネクスト | 半導体チップおよび半導体装置 |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR3028328A1 (fr) * | 2015-03-17 | 2016-05-13 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Procede de controle de positionnement relatif |
| JP2021158348A (ja) * | 2020-03-27 | 2021-10-07 | ソニーセミコンダクタソリューションズ株式会社 | 固体撮像装置、及び固体撮像装置の製造方法 |
| US20210320038A1 (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2021-10-14 | Advanced Semiconductor Engineering, Inc. | Semiconductor device package |
| US20220005775A1 (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2022-01-06 | United Microelectronics Corp. | Structure of semiconductor device and method for bonding two substrates |
| US20220068829A1 (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2022-03-03 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Semiconductor package |
-
2023
- 2023-03-06 WO PCT/JP2023/008222 patent/WO2023189227A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2023-03-06 US US18/848,868 patent/US20250201639A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR3028328A1 (fr) * | 2015-03-17 | 2016-05-13 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Procede de controle de positionnement relatif |
| JP2021158348A (ja) * | 2020-03-27 | 2021-10-07 | ソニーセミコンダクタソリューションズ株式会社 | 固体撮像装置、及び固体撮像装置の製造方法 |
| US20210320038A1 (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2021-10-14 | Advanced Semiconductor Engineering, Inc. | Semiconductor device package |
| US20220005775A1 (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2022-01-06 | United Microelectronics Corp. | Structure of semiconductor device and method for bonding two substrates |
| US20220068829A1 (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2022-03-03 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Semiconductor package |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2025110228A1 (ja) * | 2023-11-24 | 2025-05-30 | 東京エレクトロン株式会社 | 検査方法、検査装置及び基板処理装置 |
| WO2025115431A1 (ja) * | 2023-11-30 | 2025-06-05 | ソニーセミコンダクタソリューションズ株式会社 | 半導体装置及び電子機器 |
| WO2025173070A1 (ja) * | 2024-02-13 | 2025-08-21 | 株式会社ソシオネクスト | 半導体チップおよび半導体装置 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20250201639A1 (en) | 2025-06-19 |
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