WO2023103081A1 - 一种碳纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种碳纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2023103081A1
WO2023103081A1 PCT/CN2021/139964 CN2021139964W WO2023103081A1 WO 2023103081 A1 WO2023103081 A1 WO 2023103081A1 CN 2021139964 W CN2021139964 W CN 2021139964W WO 2023103081 A1 WO2023103081 A1 WO 2023103081A1
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carbon fiber
temperature
parts
composite material
twin
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French (fr)
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陈登龙
柯俊沐
郭振雄
刘畅
吴健健
陈明鹏
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福建师范大学泉港石化研究院
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/04—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
    • C08J5/06—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material using pretreated fibrous materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2323/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2323/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
    • C08J2323/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
    • C08J2323/12—Polypropene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2451/00—Characterised by the use of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2451/06—Characterised by the use of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Derivatives of such polymers grafted on to homopolymers or copolymers of aliphatic hydrocarbons containing only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
    • C08K7/02—Fibres or whiskers
    • C08K7/04—Fibres or whiskers inorganic
    • C08K7/06—Elements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
    • C08K9/08—Ingredients agglomerated by treatment with a binding agent

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of carbon fibers, in particular to a carbon fiber reinforced polypropylene composite material and a preparation method thereof.
  • Carbon fiber is a new type of fiber material with high strength and high modulus fibers with a carbon content of more than 95%. It is a microcrystalline graphite material obtained by stacking organic fibers such as flake graphite microcrystals along the axial direction of the fiber, and undergoing carbonization and graphitization. Carbon fiber is "soft on the outside and rigid on the inside", lighter than metal aluminum, but stronger than steel, and has the characteristics of corrosion resistance and high modulus. It is an important material in national defense and civilian applications.
  • carbon fiber has the advantages of high strength, low density, high temperature resistance, water resistance, and corrosion resistance, it can be used as an excellent reinforcing material. Adding carbon fiber to polymer-reinforced polymer composites can significantly improve the overall performance of the polymer.
  • Polypropylene (PP) is a thermoplastic resin obtained by polymerizing propylene.
  • the absolute value of the mechanical properties of polypropylene is higher than that of polyethylene, so its market share in the plastics industry is gradually increasing.
  • the carbon fiber reinforced polypropylene material in the prior art has poor compatibility between carbon fiber and polypropylene, in order to improve the bonding of carbon fiber in polypropylene phase, the surface modification of carbon fiber is usually carried out.
  • the carbon fiber surface sizing technology is often used. After the sizing treatment, the clustering of the carbon fiber is significantly improved, and the toughness of the carbon fiber is improved and it is not easy to break.
  • a variety of polar chemical functional groups are introduced during the sizing process to improve the wettability of carbon fibers and the interfacial shear strength of carbon fiber composites. Therefore, it is essential to carry out sizing treatment before carbon fiber is used.
  • the type of sizing agent is determined according to different use requirements, and the carbon fiber surface treatment is carried out with a sizing agent with better compatibility.
  • the classification of sizing agents mainly depends on the resin with the largest content, such as epoxy resin, polyurethane, polyamide, acrylic, etc.
  • commercialized carbon fibers are mainly used to reinforce thermosetting composite materials.
  • the sizing agent is mainly epoxy, but the epoxy sizing agent will self-crosslink when the temperature exceeds 120°C, and cannot withstand the processing temperature of polypropylene, so it cannot be used with polypropylene. Propylene forms a good interface.
  • the sizing agent used on polypropylene is mainly polyurethane, but ordinary polyurethane cannot form chemical bonds with polypropylene, and the mechanical properties of the prepared carbon fiber reinforced polypropylene are poor.
  • one aspect of the present invention provides a carbon fiber reinforced polypropylene composite material, which has better comprehensive mechanical properties.
  • a carbon fiber reinforced polypropylene composite material the raw material of which comprises 41 to 96 parts of polypropylene, 1 to 40 parts of carbon fiber, 1 to 8 parts of sizing agent, 1 to 10 parts of compatibilizer, and 0.5 to 1 part of initiator in parts by mass.
  • the sizing agent contains a prepolymer containing unsaturated double bonds and hydroxyl groups and an isocyanate curing agent.
  • the prepolymer is castor oil, castor oil derivative polyol, cashew nut oil, bisphenol A epoxy acrylate, bisphenol A epoxy methacrylate, trimethylolpropane glycidyl acrylate, terminal hydroxyl unsaturated One or several kinds of polyester;
  • the isocyanate curing agent is one of MDI, HDI, IPDI, HMDI or their combination and their modified products.
  • the carbon fiber is polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fiber or pitch-based carbon fiber.
  • the polypropylene is homopolypropylene and/or copolymerized polypropylene;
  • the compatibilizer is one or more of maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene, maleic anhydride grafted ethylene-octene and maleic anhydride grafted ethylene-vinyl acetate;
  • the initiator is one or more of dicumyl peroxide (DCP) and benzoyl peroxide (BOP);
  • Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing a carbon fiber reinforced polypropylene composite material.
  • the carbon fiber reinforced polypropylene composite material prepared by the preparation method has better comprehensive mechanical properties.
  • the preparation method of above-mentioned carbon fiber reinforced polypropylene composite material comprises the following steps:
  • the mixing described in the step (3) adopts a high-speed mixer to mix for 3 to 5 minutes;
  • the granulator uses a twin-screw granulator, and the carbon fiber obtained in step (2) enters from the fiber inlet, and then granulates through the twin-screw machine.
  • the temperature in the first zone of the twin-screw granulator is 200-210°C
  • the temperature of the second zone of the twin-screw granulator is 205-210°C
  • the temperature of the third zone of the twin-screw granulator is 210-215°C
  • the temperature of the twin-screw granulator The temperature of the fourth zone of the twin-screw granulator is 215-220°C
  • the temperature of the fifth zone of the twin-screw granulator is 220-225°C
  • the temperature of the sixth zone of the twin-screw granulator is 220-230°C
  • the temperature of the twin-screw granulator is 220-230°C.
  • the head temperature of the machine granulator is 230-235°C
  • the sizing agent used in the present invention contains a prepolymer containing unsaturated double bonds and hydroxyl groups, and an isocyanate curing agent.
  • the molecular chain of the prepolymer in the sizing agent is a long carbon chain, which can increase the physical entanglement with polypropylene. Therefore, the sizing agent used in the present invention can enhance the interfacial bonding between carbon fiber and polypropylene through the action of chemical bonds, so that it has higher comprehensive mechanical properties.
  • the raw materials for the preparation of carbon fiber reinforced polypropylene composite materials are composed as follows according to parts by mass:
  • Carry out electrochemical surface treatment on carbon fiber introduce some -COOH and -OH on the surface of carbon fiber, improve the surface activity of carbon fiber; then immerse it in the sizing agent liquid.
  • the raw materials for the preparation of carbon fiber reinforced polypropylene composite materials are composed as follows according to parts by mass:
  • Carry out electrochemical surface treatment on carbon fiber introduce some -COOH and -OH on the surface of carbon fiber, improve the surface activity of carbon fiber; then immerse it in the sizing agent liquid.
  • polypropylene, compatibilizer and initiator After mixing polypropylene, compatibilizer and initiator in a high-speed machine for 5 minutes at high speed, they are placed in the main feeding barrel of the twin-screw extruder, and then the modified carbon fiber enters from the fiber inlet, and then passes through the twin-screw machine.
  • the temperature of the first zone of the screw machine is 200°C
  • the temperature of the second zone is 205°C
  • the temperature of the third zone is 210°C
  • the temperature of the fourth zone is 215°C
  • the temperature of the fifth zone is 220°C
  • the temperature of the sixth zone is 220°C
  • the temperature of the machine The head temperature is 230°C
  • the extruded strips are cooled to room temperature through a circulating water tank, dried by a blower, and then entered into a pelletizer for granulation to obtain a carbon fiber-reinforced polypropylene composite material.
  • the composite material has a tensile strength of 51.4MPa, a bending strength of 87.2MPa, and an Izod notched impact strength of 5.9kJ/m 2 .
  • the raw materials for the preparation of carbon fiber reinforced polypropylene composite materials are composed as follows according to parts by mass:
  • Sizing agents (castor oil derivative polyols and HDI) 6 servings
  • Carry out electrochemical surface treatment on carbon fiber introduce some -COOH and -OH on the surface of carbon fiber, improve the surface activity of carbon fiber; then immerse it in the sizing agent liquid.
  • the temperature of the first zone of the screw machine is 210°C
  • the temperature of the second zone is 210°C
  • the temperature of the third zone is 215°C
  • the temperature of the fourth zone is 220°C
  • the temperature of the fifth zone is 225°C
  • the temperature of the sixth zone is 230°C
  • the temperature of the head The temperature is 235°C
  • the extruded strips are cooled to room temperature through a circulating water tank, dried by a blower, and then pelletized by a pelletizer to obtain a carbon fiber-reinforced polypropylene composite material.
  • the tensile strength of the composite material is 58.4MPa
  • the bending strength is 92.3MPa
  • the raw materials for the preparation of carbon fiber reinforced polypropylene composite materials are composed as follows according to parts by mass:
  • Carry out electrochemical surface treatment on carbon fiber introduce some -COOH and -OH on the surface of carbon fiber, improve the surface activity of carbon fiber; then immerse it in the sizing agent liquid.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)

Abstract

一种碳纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料及其制备方法。该碳纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料的原料按照质量份包含41～96份聚丙烯、1～40份碳纤维、1～8份上浆剂、1～10份相容剂和0.5～1份引发剂，所述上浆剂含有含不饱和双键和羟基的预聚体和异氰酸酯固化剂。采用该上浆剂可通过化学键的作用增强碳纤维和聚丙烯的界面粘结作用，使其具有较高的综合力学性能。

Description

一种碳纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料及其制备方法 技术领域
本发明涉及碳纤维的技术领域，尤其涉及一种碳纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料及其制备方法。
 背景技术
碳纤维(carbon fiber，简称CF)，是一种含碳量在95％以上的高强度、高模量纤维的新型纤维材料。它是由片状石墨微晶等有机纤维沿纤维轴向方向堆砌而成，经碳化及石墨化处理而得到的微晶石墨材料。碳纤维“外柔内刚”，质量比金属铝轻，但强度却高于钢铁，并且具有耐腐蚀、高模量的特性，在国防军工和民用方面都是重要材料。
由于碳纤维具有高强度、低密度、高耐温、耐水、耐腐蚀等优点，可作为一种优良的增强材料。将碳纤维添加至高聚物得到增强的高聚物复合材料，可以明显提高高聚物的综合性能。
聚丙烯(PP)是由丙烯聚合而制得的一种热塑性树脂，聚丙烯力学性能的绝对值高于聚乙烯，因而在塑料行业中的市场份额逐步提高。现有技术中碳纤维增强聚丙烯材料由于碳纤维与聚丙烯的相容性较差，为提高碳纤维于聚丙烯相中的结合性，通常要对碳纤维进行表面改性。常采用碳纤维表面上浆技术，碳纤维经过上浆处理后其集束性得到明显提高，碳纤维的韧性得到改善而不容易折断。同时上浆过程中引入多种极性化学官能基团，提高碳纤维的浸润性和碳纤维复合材料界面剪切强度。因此在碳纤维使用之前进行上浆处理是必不可少的。国外在上浆剂应用之初就根据不同的使用要求来决定上浆剂种类，用兼容性较好的上浆剂进行碳纤维表面处理。上浆剂分类主要取决于其含量最大的一款树脂，如环氧树脂、聚氨酯、聚酰胺、丙烯酸等。目前商品化碳纤维主要用于增强热固性复合材料，上浆剂以环氧为主，但是环氧上浆剂在温度超过120℃时就会发生自交联，无法承受聚丙烯的加工温度，所以无法与聚丙烯形成良好的界面。目前，应用在聚丙烯上的上浆剂以聚氨酯为主，但是普通聚氨酯无法与聚丙烯形成化学键，制备的碳纤维增强聚丙烯的力学性能较差。
 技术问题
如何解决碳纤维在聚丙烯中的高度分散问题，从而进一步提高复合材料的力学性能。
 技术解决方案
有鉴于此，本发明一方面提供一种碳纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料，该复合材料具有较好的力学综合性能。
一种碳纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料，其原料按照质量份包含41～96份聚丙烯、1～40份碳纤维、1～8份上浆剂和1～10份相容剂，0.5～1份引发剂，所述上浆剂含有含不饱和双键和羟基的预聚体和异氰酸酯固化剂。
预聚体为蓖麻油、蓖麻油衍生物多元醇、腰果油、双酚A环氧丙烯酸酯、双酚A环氧甲基丙烯酸酯、三羟甲基丙烷缩水甘油酯丙烯酸酯、端羟基不饱和聚酯中的一种或几种；
异氰酸酯固化剂为MDI、HDI、IPDI、HMDI之一或其组合及其改性产物。
其中，碳纤维为聚丙烯腈基碳纤维或沥青基碳纤维。
优选地，所述聚丙烯为均聚聚丙烯和/或共聚聚丙烯；
优选地，相容剂为马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯、马来酸酐接枝乙烯-辛烯和马来酸酐接枝乙烯-醋酸乙烯中的一种或几种；
优选地，所述引发剂为过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)、过氧化苯甲酰（BOP）中的一种或几种；
本发明又一方面提供一种碳纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料的制备方法，采用该制备方法制得的碳纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料具有较好的力学综合性能。
上述碳纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)对1～40质量份碳纤维进行电化学表面处理，在碳纤维表面引入一些-COOH和-OH，提高碳纤维的表面活性；
(2)将步骤（1）所得碳纤维浸润1～8份上浆剂；
(3)将41～96质量份聚丙烯、1～10质量份相容剂和0.5～1份引发剂的原料混合后置于造粒机的主喂料筒中；
其中，步骤(3)中所述混合采用高速搅拌机混合3～5min；
优选地，所述造粒机使用双螺杆机造粒机，将步骤（2）所得碳纤维从入纤口进入，然后经过双螺杆机进行造粒，所述双螺杆机造粒机的一区温度为200～210℃，所述双螺杆机造粒机的二区温度为205～210℃，所述双螺杆机造粒机的三区温度为210～215℃，所述双螺杆机造粒机的四区温度为215～220℃，所述双螺杆机造粒机的五区温度为220～225℃，所述双螺杆机造粒机的六区温度为220～230℃，所述双螺杆机造粒机的机头温度为230～235℃。
 有益效果
1.本发明使用上浆剂含有含不饱和双键和羟基的预聚体、异氰酸酯固化剂。其原理：异氰酸酯会与碳纤维上的-COOH和-OH反应，形成化学键；同时，异氰酸酯会与预聚体上的羟基反应，使预聚体交联固化；另外，上浆剂上的不饱和双键又会在引发剂作用下进行自由基聚合接枝到聚丙烯上，形成化学键。这样，上浆剂可以有效地通过化学键粘结碳纤维和聚丙烯；2.上浆剂中预聚体的分子链为长碳链，可以增加与聚丙烯的物理缠结。因此，本发明采用该上浆剂可通过化学键的作用增强碳纤维和聚丙烯的界面粘结作用，使其具有较高的综合力学性能。
 本发明的最佳实施方式
碳纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料的制备原料按照质量份，其组成如下：
聚丙烯腈基碳纤维                           30份；
共聚聚丙烯                                 68.5份
上浆剂（双酚A环氧丙烯酸酯和MDI）         8份
马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯                         5份
过氧化苯甲酰（BOP）                        0.5份
对碳纤维进行电化学表面处理，在碳纤维表面引入一些-COOH和-OH，提高碳纤维的表面活性；再将其浸入上浆剂液体中。
将聚丙烯、改性剂、相容剂高速机中高速混合5分钟后，置于双螺杆挤出机的主喂料筒中，再将碳纤维从入纤口进入，然后经过双螺杆机进行造粒，其中螺杆机的一区温度为205℃、二区温度为207℃、三区温度为213℃、四区温度为218℃、五区温度为223℃、六区温度为225℃、机头温度为232℃，挤出条通过循环水槽冷却 至室温，经过吹风机干燥后进入切粒机造粒，得到一种碳纤维增强的聚丙烯复合材料。经测试，复合材料的拉伸强度为65.9MPa，弯曲强度为99.3MPa，悬臂梁缺口冲击强度为7.8kJ/m 2。
本发明的实施方式
下面结合实施例来进一步说明本发明的技术方案。在本文中所披露的范围的端点和任何值都不限于该精确的范围或值，这些范围或值应当理解为包含接近这些范围的值。对于数值范围来说，各个范围的端点值之间、各个范围的端点值和单独的点值之间，以及单独的点值之间可以彼此组合而得到一个或多个新的数值范围，这些数值范围应被视为在本文中具体公开。
实施例1
碳纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料的制备原料按照质量份，其组成如下：
聚丙烯腈基碳纤维                          10份
共聚聚丙烯                                79.5份
上浆剂（蓖麻油衍生物多元醇和MDI）        5份
马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯                        5份
DCP                                        0.5份
对碳纤维进行电化学表面处理，在碳纤维表面引入一些-COOH和-OH，提高碳纤维的表面活性；再将其浸入上浆剂液体中。
将聚丙烯、相容剂和引发剂在高速机中高速混合5分钟后，置于双螺杆挤出机的主喂料筒中，再将改性碳纤维从入纤口进入，然后经过双螺杆机进行造粒，其中螺杆机的一区温度为200℃、二区温度为205℃、三区温度为210℃、四区温度为215℃、五区温度为220℃、六区温度为220℃、机头温度为230℃，挤出条通过循环水槽冷却至室温，经过吹风机干燥后进入切粒机造粒，得到一种碳纤维增强的聚丙烯复合材料。经测试，复合材料的拉伸强度为51.4MPa，弯曲强度为87.2MPa，悬臂梁缺口冲击强度为5.9kJ/m 2。
实施例2
碳纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料的制备原料按照质量份，其组成如下：
沥青基碳纤维                            20份；
均聚聚丙烯                              68.5份
上浆剂（蓖麻油衍生物多元醇和HDI）       6份
马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯                      5份
DCP                                     0.5份
对碳纤维进行电化学表面处理，在碳纤维表面引入一些-COOH和-OH，提高碳纤维的表面活性；再将其浸入上浆剂液体中。
将聚丙烯、相容剂和引发剂在高速机中高速混5分钟后，置于双螺杆挤出机的主喂料筒中，再将碳纤维从入纤口进入，然后经过双螺杆机进行造粒，其中螺杆机的一区温度为210℃、二区温度为210℃、三区温度为215℃、四区温度为220℃、五区温度为225℃、六区温度为230℃、机头温度为235℃，挤出条通过循环水槽冷却至 室温，经过吹风机干燥后进入切粒机造粒，得到一种碳纤维增强的聚丙烯复合材料。经测试，复合材料的拉伸强度为58.4MPa，弯曲强度为92.3MPa，悬臂梁缺口冲击强度为6.7kJ/m 2。
实施例3
碳纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料的制备原料按照质量份，其组成如下：
聚丙烯腈基碳纤维                           30份；
共聚聚丙烯                                 68.5份
上浆剂（双酚A环氧丙烯酸酯和MDI）         8份
马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯                         5份
过氧化苯甲酰（BOP）                        0.5份
对碳纤维进行电化学表面处理，在碳纤维表面引入一些-COOH和-OH，提高碳纤维的表面活性；再将其浸入上浆剂液体中。
将聚丙烯、改性剂、相容剂高速机中高速混合5分钟后，置于双螺杆挤出机的主喂料筒中，再将碳纤维从入纤口进入，然后经过双螺杆机进行造粒，其中螺杆机的一区温度为205℃、二区温度为207℃、三区温度为213℃、四区温度为218℃、五区温度为223℃、六区温度为225℃、机头温度为232℃，挤出条通过循环水槽冷却 至室温，经过吹风机干燥后进入切粒机造粒，得到一种碳纤维增强的聚丙烯复合材料。经测试，复合材料的拉伸强度为65.9MPa，弯曲强度为99.3MPa，悬臂梁缺口冲击强度为7.8kJ/m 2。
以上详细描述了本发明的优选实施方式，但是，本发明并不限于此。在本发明的技术构思范围内，可以对本发明的技术方案进行多种简单变型，包括各个技术特征以任何其它的合适方式进行组合，这些简单变型和组合同样应当视为本发明所公开的内容，均属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种碳纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料，其特征在于，其原料按照质量份包含41~96份聚丙烯、1～40份碳纤维、1～8份上浆剂、1～10份相容剂和0.5~1份引发剂，所述上浆剂含有含不饱和双键和羟基的预聚体和异氰酸酯固化剂。
    异氰酸酯固化剂为MDI、HDI、IPDI、HMDI之一或其组合及其改性产物。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的碳纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料，其特征在于，所述预聚体为蓖麻油、蓖麻油衍生物多元醇、腰果油、双酚A环氧丙烯酸酯、双酚A环氧甲基丙烯酸酯、三羟甲基丙烷缩水甘油酯丙烯酸酯、端羟基不饱和聚酯中的一种或几种。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的碳纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料，其特征在于，所述碳纤维为聚丙烯腈基碳纤维或沥青基碳纤维。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的碳纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料，其特征在于，所述聚丙烯为均聚聚丙烯和/或共聚聚丙烯。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的碳纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料，其特征在于，所述相容剂为马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯、马来酸酐接枝乙烯-辛烯和马来酸酐接枝乙烯-醋酸乙烯中的一种或几种。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的碳纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料，其特征在于，所述引发剂为过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)、过氧化苯甲酰（BOP）中的一种或几种。
  7. 一种制备如权利要求1所述碳纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料的方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    (1)对1～40质量份碳纤维进行电化学表面处理，在碳纤维表面引入一些-COOH和-OH，提高碳纤维的表面活性；
    (2)将步骤（1）所得碳纤维浸润1～8份上浆剂液体；
    (3)将包含41～96质量份聚丙烯、1～10质量份相容剂和0.5～1份引发剂的原料混合后置于造粒机的主喂料筒中。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，步骤(3)中所述混合采用高速搅拌机混合3～5min；
    所述造粒机使用双螺杆机造粒机，将步骤（2）所得碳纤维从入纤口进入，然后经过双螺杆机进行造粒，所述双螺杆机造粒机的一区温度为200～210℃，所述双螺杆机造粒机的二区温度为205～210℃，所述双螺杆机造粒机的三区温度为210～215℃，所述双螺杆机造粒机的四区温度为215～220℃，所述双螺杆机造粒机的五区温度为220～225℃，所述双螺杆机造粒机的六区温度为220～230℃，所述双螺杆机造粒机的机头温度为230～235℃。
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