WO2023098190A1 - 一种含氰化物和草酸盐废水的处理方法 - Google Patents
一种含氰化物和草酸盐废水的处理方法 Download PDFInfo
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- wastewater
- oxalate
- cyanide
- treatment method
- treatment
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- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZTRDRVAAZRJIDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C-]#N.OC(C(O)=O)=O Chemical compound [C-]#N.OC(C(O)=O)=O ZTRDRVAAZRJIDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960002089 ferrous chloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe]Cl NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- YAGKRVSRTSUGEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferricyanide Chemical compound [Fe+3].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-] YAGKRVSRTSUGEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 15
- 229910001448 ferrous ion Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 4
- -1 oxalate ions Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- SURQXAFEQWPFPV-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate heptahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SURQXAFEQWPFPV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010842 industrial wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010170 biological method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100001231 less toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008239 natural water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/54—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using organic material
- C02F1/56—Macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
- C02F2101/18—Cyanides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
- C02F2101/203—Iron or iron compound
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
- C02F2101/34—Organic compounds containing oxygen
Definitions
- the invention belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, and in particular relates to a treatment method for waste water containing cyanide and oxalate.
- Cyanide often exists in different forms in various industrial wastewaters such as electroplating, metallurgy, coking, and metal processing. Due to the toxicity of cyanide to the human body and natural water ecosystem, the relevant comprehensive sewage discharge standards stipulate that the total cyanide concentration in the sewage discharged by general enterprises shall not exceed 0.5mg/L.
- the methods for dealing with cyanide mainly include chemical oxidation method, physical chemical method, biological treatment method, natural degradation method, high pressure hydrolysis method, membrane separation method, radiation method and ion exchange method.
- cyanide complexed with metal ions such as ferricyanide and ferrocyanide
- ferricyanide and ferrocyanide are relatively less toxic and have strong stability. It is difficult to remove them by general chemical oxidation methods. It is also difficult for microorganisms in the treatment to break it down. If these cyanide-containing complexes enter complex environmental water bodies and encounter dilute acids or stronger complexing agents, they will react to release highly toxic CN-. Therefore, seeking an economical and efficient treatment method for ferricyanide and ferrocyanide is the focus of many scholars' research.
- Oxalic acid is often used as a complexing agent and reducing agent in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries. It affects the COD of wastewater in the form of organic matter in wastewater. Organic matter is also an object of frequent concern in wastewater treatment. Conventional methods for treating organic matter include chemical oxidation, physical adsorption, and biological treatment. However, the general chemical oxidation method and physical adsorption method have high treatment costs, and the biological method has a long treatment cycle, especially when the wastewater contains components that inhibit the growth of microorganisms such as cyanide or heavy metals, the efficiency of biological treatment of organic matter is low.
- the present invention aims to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides a treatment method for wastewater containing cyanide and oxalate, which can efficiently and quickly treat wastewater containing ferricyanide, ferrocyanide and oxalate.
- First aspect of the present invention provides a kind of treatment method containing cyanide and oxalate waste water, comprises the following steps:
- step S3 adding an alkali treatment agent and a flocculant in sequence to the wastewater filtered in step S2 to separate the solid and liquid, and adjust the pH of the wastewater to 6-9.
- the present invention relates to a technical scheme in the treatment method of wastewater containing cyanide and oxalate, at least has the following beneficial effects:
- the treatment method of the present invention can simultaneously treat ferricyanide, ferrocyanide and oxalate ions in wastewater, which is efficient and fast.
- the total cyanide content in wastewater is as low as 0.5 mg/L, and the chemical oxygen demand is low
- the Mn 2+ content is as low as 0.5mg/L, which meets the emission requirements of the third-level standard stipulated in GB8978.
- the treatment method of the present invention uses commonly available reagents, does not require expensive equipment investment, is low in cost, and is easy to popularize.
- the total cyanide content is 40 mg/ ⁇ 900 mg/L
- the chemical oxygen demand is 2000 mg/L ⁇ 5000 mg/L
- the Mn 2+ content is 50mg/L ⁇ 300mg/L.
- the total cyanide content in the wastewater is ⁇ 0.5 mg/L
- the chemical oxygen demand is ⁇ 500 mg/L
- the Mn 2+ content is ⁇ 0.5 mg/L.
- the reagent used to adjust the pH of the wastewater includes at least one of sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid.
- the ferrous salt includes at least one of ferrous sulfate, ferrous chloride and ferrous nitrate.
- step S2 the dosage of the ferrous salt is 0.25 to 8 times the chemical oxygen demand of the wastewater.
- step S2 the wastewater is subjected to stirring treatment before being left to settle.
- the flocculant is anionic polyacrylamide with a concentration of 0.5 ⁇ ⁇ 1.5 ⁇ .
- the flocculant is anionic polyacrylamide with a concentration of 1 ⁇ .
- the alkali treatment agent includes at least one of calcium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide.
- step S3 the dosage of the alkali treatment agent is 15 to 30 times the chemical oxygen demand of the wastewater.
- the present embodiment has processed ferricyanide and ferrocyanide and oxalate waste water, specifically comprises the following steps:
- the main components of wastewater before and after treatment are shown in Table 1.
- the testing standards are GB8978, GB11911, HJ484 and HJ/T399.
- CNT refers to total cyanide in wastewater
- COD refers to chemical oxygen demand (Chemical Oxygen Demand) in wastewater.
- the present embodiment has processed ferricyanide and ferrocyanide and oxalate waste water, specifically comprises the following steps:
- the present embodiment has processed ferricyanide and ferrocyanide and oxalate waste water, specifically comprises the following steps:
- This comparative example has processed ferricyanide and ferrocyanide and oxalate waste water, specifically comprises the following steps:
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Removal Of Specific Substances (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供了一种含氰化物和草酸盐废水的处理方法,该处理方法先调节废水的pH,然后向废水中依次投加亚铁盐和絮凝剂,静置沉降后进行过滤,之后依次投加碱处理剂和絮凝剂,固液分离,再次调节废水的pH。本发明的处理方法,在弱酸性至弱碱性的条件下,首先加入过量的亚铁离子,使亚铁离子和废水中的铁氰根、亚铁氰根以及草酸根离子充分结合,生成沉淀,然后经固液分离,达到去除氰根和有机物的目的。之后再加入适量的碱性试剂,使氢氧根与废水中的重金属离子和过量的亚铁离子作用,生成沉淀,固液分离,达到去除重金属离子的目的。
Description
本发明属于污水处理技术领域,具体涉及一种含氰化物和草酸盐废水的处理方法。
氰化物经常以不同的形式存在于电镀、冶金、焦化、金属加工等多种工业废水中。因氰化物对人体及自然水体生态系统的毒害性,相关污水综合排放标准中规定一般企业排放污水中总氰化物浓度不得超过0.5mg/L。
目前处理氰化物的方法主要有化学氧化法、物理化学法、生物处理法、自然降解法、高压水解法、膜分离法、辐射法及离子交换法等。在不同形态的氰化物中,与金属离子络合的氰化物如铁氰化物、亚铁氰化物等毒性相对较小,有着极强的稳定性,一般的化学氧化方法很难将其去除,生物处理法中的微生物也很难将其分解。若这些含氰络合物进入到复杂的环境水体中,遇到稀酸或者更强的络合剂,则会发生反应释放剧毒的CN-。因此寻求经济且高效的铁氰化物、亚铁氰化物的处理方法,是目前众多学者研究的重点。
草酸在化工、医药行业中常被用作络合剂、还原剂等,其在废水中以有机物形式影响废水的COD。有机物也是废水处理中经常被关注的对象。常规处理有机物的方法有化学氧化法、物理吸附法、生物处理法等。但一般化学氧化法和物理吸附法处理成本较高,生物法处理周期较长,尤其当废水中含有氰化物或重金属等抑制微生物的生长的成分时,生物法处理有机物的效率较低。
相关技术中,尚无能够处理同时含有铁氰络合物和以草酸盐为主的有机物的废水的方法。因此,开发一种处理成本低,处理效率高的综合污水处理方法是目前工业废水处理亟需解决的问题。
发明内容
本发明旨在至少解决现有技术中存在的上述技术问题之一。为此,本发明提供了一种含氰化物和草酸盐废水的处理方法,该方法能高效快捷地处理含铁氰和亚铁氰化物及草酸盐废水。
本发明的第一方面提供了一种含氰化物和草酸盐废水的处理方法,包括以下步骤:
S1:调节废水的pH至5~8;
S2:向废水中依次投加亚铁盐和絮凝剂,静置沉降后进行过滤;
S3:向步骤S2过滤后的废水中依次投加碱处理剂和絮凝剂,固液分离,调节废水的pH至6~9。
本发明关于含氰化物和草酸盐废水的处理方法中的一个技术方案,至少具有以下有益效果:
本发明的处理方法,在弱酸性至弱碱性的条件下,首先加入过量的亚铁离子,使亚铁离子和废水中的铁氰根、亚铁氰根以及草酸根离子充分结合,生成沉淀,然后经固液分离,达到去除氰根和有机物的目的。之后再加入适量的碱性试剂,使氢氧根与废水中的重金属离子和过量的亚铁离子作用,生成沉淀,固液分离,达到去除重金属离子的目的。
本发明的处理方法,可同时处理废水中的铁氰化物、亚铁氰化物及草酸根离子,高效快捷,处理后,废水中的总氰化物含量低至0.5mg/L,化学需氧量低至500mg/L,Mn
2+含量低至0.5mg/L,满足GB8978规定的三级标准排放要求。
本发明的处理方法,使用的试剂常规易得,无需昂贵的设备投入,成本低廉,易于推广。
根据本发明的一些实施方式,所述含氰化物和草酸盐废水中,总氰化物含量为40mg/~900mg/L,化学需氧量为2000mg/L~5000mg/L,Mn
2+含量为50mg/L~300mg/L。
根据本发明的一些实施方式,步骤S3处理后,废水中的总氰化物含量≤0.5mg/L,化学需氧量≤500mg/L,Mn
2+含量≤0.5mg/L。
根据本发明的一些实施方式,步骤S1中,调节废水pH所用的试剂包括硫酸或盐酸中的至少一种。
根据本发明的一些实施方式,所述亚铁盐包括硫酸亚铁、氯化亚铁和硝酸亚铁中的至少一种。
根据本发明的一些实施方式,步骤S2中,所述亚铁盐的投加量为废水化学需氧量的0.25倍~8倍。
根据本发明的一些实施方式,步骤S2中,静置沉降前,对废水进行搅拌处理。
根据本发明的一些实施方式,所述絮凝剂为浓度0.5‰~1.5‰的阴离子聚丙烯酰胺。
根据本发明的一些实施方式,所述絮凝剂为浓度1‰的阴离子聚丙烯酰胺。
根据本发明的一些实施方式,步骤S3中,所述碱处理剂包括氢氧化钙和氢氧化钠中的至少一种。
根据本发明的一些实施方式,步骤S3中,所述碱处理剂的投加量为废水化学需氧量的15倍~30倍。
以下是本发明的具体实施例,并结合实施例对本发明的技术方案作进一步的描述,但本发明并不限于这些实施例。
实施例1
本实施例对含铁氰和亚铁氰化物及草酸盐废水进行了处理,具体包括如下步骤:
取200mL含铁氰和亚铁氰化物及草酸盐废水,往其中加入15%稀硫酸调节废水pH至6-7;
然后加入0.7g七水硫酸亚铁,搅拌反应60min,再加入1mL1‰的阴离子聚丙烯酰胺,搅拌20min,静置沉降,得到滤液;
往滤液中加入12.5g氢氧化钙粉末使废水pH值稳定在12-13,搅拌反应60min,然后加入1mL 1‰的阴离子聚丙烯酰胺,搅拌20min,固液分离,取上清液,往上清液中加入15%稀硫酸调节废水pH至7.6,即可排出废水。
废水处理前后主要成分如表1所示。测试依据的标准为GB8978、GB11911、HJ484和HJ/T399。
表1实施例1废水处理前后主要成分
水样 | CN T(mg/L) | COD(mg/L) | Mn 2+(mg/L) | pH |
处理前 | 86.94 | 2856 | 251.16 | 8.7 |
处理后 | 0.12 | 128 | 0.13 | 7.6 |
表1中,CN
T指废水中的总氰化物(total cyanide),COD指废水中的化学需氧量(Chemical Oxygen Demand)。
实施例2
本实施例对含铁氰和亚铁氰化物及草酸盐废水进行了处理,具体包括如下步骤:
取250mL含铁氰和亚铁氰化物及草酸盐废水,往其中加入15%稀硫酸调节废水pH至6-7;
加入1.4g七水硫酸亚铁,搅拌反应60min,加入1mL1‰的阴离子聚丙烯酰胺,搅拌20min, 静置沉降,得到滤液;
然后往滤液中加入20g氢氧化钙粉末使废水pH值稳定在12-13,搅拌反应60min,然后加入1mL 1‰的阴离子聚丙烯酰胺,搅拌20min,固液分离,取上清液。往上清液中加入15%稀硫酸调节废水pH至7.0,即可排出废水。
废水处理前后主要成分如表2所示。
表2实施例2废水处理前后主要成分
水样 | CN T(mg/L) | COD(mg/L) | Mn 2+(mg/L) | pH |
处理前 | 744.5 | 3909 | 159.8 | 8.6 |
处理后 | 0.08 | 257 | 0.12 | 7.0 |
实施例3
本实施例对含铁氰和亚铁氰化物及草酸盐废水进行了处理,具体包括如下步骤:
取200mL含铁氰和亚铁氰化物及草酸盐废水,往其中加入15%稀硫酸调节废水pH至6-7;
然后加入18g七水硫酸亚铁,搅拌反应60min,然后加入1mL1‰的阴离子聚丙烯酰胺,搅拌20min,静置沉降,得到滤液;
往滤液中加入3mL4%的氢氧化钠溶液使废水pH值稳定在12-13,搅拌反应60min,然后加入1mL 1‰的阴离子聚丙烯酰胺,搅拌20min,固液分离,取上清液,往上清液中加入15%稀硫酸调节废水pH至7.5,即可排出废水。
废水处理前后主要成分如表3所示。
表3实施例3废水处理前后主要成分
水样 | CN T(mg/L) | COD(mg/L) | Mn 2+(mg/L) | pH |
处理前 | 718.9 | 3303 | 114.61 | 8.5 |
处理后 | 0.19 | 385 | 0.1 | 7.5 |
对比例
本对比例对含铁氰和亚铁氰化物及草酸盐废水进行了处理,具体包括如下步骤:
取250mL含铁氰和亚铁氰化物及草酸盐废水,往其中加入15%稀硫酸调节废水pH至6-7;
然后加入0.8g七水硫酸亚铁,搅拌反应60min,然后加入1mL1‰的阴离子聚丙烯酰胺,搅拌20min,静置沉降,得到滤液;
往滤液中加入20g氢氧化钙粉末使废水pH值稳定在12-13,搅拌反应60min,然后加入1mL1‰的阴离子聚丙烯酰胺,搅拌20min,固液分离,取上清液,往上清液中加入15%稀硫酸调节废水pH至7.0,即可排出废水。
废水处理前后主要成分如表4所示。
表4对比例废水处理前后主要成分
水样 | CN T(mg/L) | COD(mg/L) | Mn 2+(mg/L) | pH |
处理前 | 724.19 | 3348 | 159.8 | 8.5 |
处理后 | 491.9 | 257.5 | 0.1 | 7.5 |
对比例中,亚铁离子的添加量低于0.25倍COD(本对比例中COD的含量是为3348×0.25=837mg,七水硫酸亚铁的相对分子质量为278.05,铁元素平均相对原子质量为55.845,亚铁离子添加量为0.8×1000×55.845÷278.05=160.68mg,160.68÷837=0.19<0.25。),未能将废水中的总氰化物浓度处理至0.5mg/L以下。
上面结合实施例对本发明作了详细说明,但是本发明不限于上述实施例,在所属技术领域普通技术人员所具备的知识范围内,还可以在不脱离本发明宗旨的前提下作出各种变化。
Claims (10)
- 一种含氰化物和草酸盐废水的处理方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:S1:调节废水的pH至5~8;S2:向废水中依次投加亚铁盐和絮凝剂,静置沉降后进行过滤;S3:向步骤S2过滤后的废水中依次投加碱处理剂和絮凝剂,固液分离,调节废水的pH至6~9。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种含氰化物和草酸盐废水的处理方法,其特征在于,所述含氰化物和草酸盐废水中,总氰化物含量为40mg/~900mg/L,化学需氧量为2000mg/L~5000mg/L,Mn 2+含量为50mg/L~300mg/L。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种含氰化物和草酸盐废水的处理方法,其特征在于,步骤S3处理后,废水中的总氰化物含量≤0.5mg/L,化学需氧量≤500mg/L,Mn 2+含量≤0.5mg/L。
- 根据权利要求1至3任一项所述的一种含氰化物和草酸盐废水的处理方法,其特征在于,步骤S1中,调节废水pH所用的试剂包括硫酸或盐酸中的至少一种。
- 根据权利要求1至3任一项所述的一种含氰化物和草酸盐废水的处理方法,其特征在于,所述亚铁盐包括硫酸亚铁、氯化亚铁和硝酸亚铁中的至少一种。
- 根据权利要求1至3任一项所述的一种含氰化物和草酸盐废水的处理方法,其特征在于,步骤S2中,所述亚铁盐的投加量为废水化学需氧量的0.25倍~8倍。
- 根据权利要求1至3任一项所述的一种含氰化物和草酸盐废水的处理方法,其特征在于,步骤S2中,静置沉降前,对废水进行搅拌处理。
- 根据权利要求1至3任一项所述的一种含氰化物和草酸盐废水的处理方法,其特征在于,所述絮凝剂为浓度0.5‰~1.5‰的阴离子聚丙烯酰胺。
- 根据权利要求1至3任一项所述的一种含氰化物和草酸盐废水的处理方法,其特征在于,步骤S3中,所述碱处理剂包括氢氧化钙和氢氧化钠中的至少一种。
- 根据权利要求1至3任一项所述的一种含氰化物和草酸盐废水的处理方法,其特征在于,步骤S3中,所述碱处理剂的投加量为废水化学需氧量的15倍~30倍。
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