WO2023071341A1 - 一种食用菌菌棒打孔增氧注水一体化装置及工作方法 - Google Patents
一种食用菌菌棒打孔增氧注水一体化装置及工作方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023071341A1 WO2023071341A1 PCT/CN2022/108696 CN2022108696W WO2023071341A1 WO 2023071341 A1 WO2023071341 A1 WO 2023071341A1 CN 2022108696 W CN2022108696 W CN 2022108696W WO 2023071341 A1 WO2023071341 A1 WO 2023071341A1
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- stick
- water injection
- sticks
- oxygen
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 131
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 84
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 claims description 35
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001483 mobilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/60—Cultivation rooms; Equipment therefor
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of edible fungi, in particular to an integrated device for perforating edible fungus sticks, increasing oxygen, increasing water and injecting water, and a working method.
- the object of the present invention is to provide an integrated device for punching holes, increasing oxygen and water injection of edible fungus sticks, which has the functions of punching holes, supplying oxygen, and injecting water.
- the stick support frame realizes the work on the bacteria stick.
- An integrated device for perforating edible mushroom sticks, increasing oxygen, increasing water and injecting water comprising:
- the supporting part, the supporting part can realize the lifting movement
- the perforated oxygen-increasing water injection part is installed on the support part.
- the perforated oxygen-increasing water injection part includes a needle holder, which is connected to the support part through a liftable part.
- the needle holder is fixed with several hollow needles, and the needles are connected with the water supply pipeline. ,
- the oxygen supply pipelines are respectively connected;
- the bacteria stick support frame is installed on the support component, and the bacteria stick support frame is telescopic relative to the support component;
- the bacteria stick grasping part is fixed on the supporting part, and the bacteria stick grasping part includes a grasping mechanism, which grasps the bacteria stick to the bacteria stick supporting frame and releases it.
- the supporting part can be moved to the place where the bacteria stick is placed, and the supporting part can be lifted up and down, and can drive the perforated oxygen-increasing water injection parts etc. installed on it to move to each layer of the bacteria stick placing rack together, and the bacteria stick grabbing part Clamp the bacterial sticks from the bacterial stick placement frame to the bacterial stick support frame.
- the bacterial stick support frame is used to support the bacterial sticks during the process of punching the bacterial sticks. Drilling, oxygenation and water injection can effectively improve work efficiency and control production costs.
- the supporting part is installed on the fixed frame through the slide rail, the supporting part is connected with the lifting mechanism, the lifting mechanism drives the supporting part to realize the lifting movement, and the lifting mechanism is fixed on the mount;
- Wheels are installed at the bottom of the fixed frame, and the wheels cooperate with the track fixed on the ground to move along the track.
- the supporting parts can be driven to move to the mushroom stick placement frame, and the supporting parts can be lifted and lowered.
- the needle fixing part is a needle fixing plate
- the liftable part is an electric telescopic sleeve, one end of the electric telescopic sleeve is connected with the support member, and the other end is connected with the needle fixing plate.
- the grasping mechanism includes a telescopic shaft, one end of the telescopic shaft is fixed with a disk, and slots are respectively arranged on both sides of the disk.
- a clamping block that can move along the clamping slot is provided at one card slot, and the clamping blocks are respectively connected with a driving power source, and the driving power source drives the two clamping blocks to move toward or in the opposite direction, and the two clamping blocks move the bacteria stick Clamp or unclamp.
- an integrated device for perforating, aeration, and water injection of edible fungus sticks considering that the perforation, water injection, and aeration of one fungus stick needs to be carried out 4-6 times, and the telescopic shaft is connected with the rotating power source to drive
- the rotation of the disc drives the rotation of the grasping mechanism, realizes the rotation of the fungus rods on the supporting parts, promotes the uniformity of punching, oxygenation and water injection, reduces the work intensity, and improves the automation level of the fungus rod cultivation;
- the telescopic shaft is an electric telescopic shaft, and the arrangement of the telescopic shaft drives the grasping mechanism to move toward the support component.
- the grabbing part for the fungus stick is arranged above the supporting frame of the fungus stick, and the grabbing part for the fungus stick is arranged at the hole for increasing the oxygenation. Below the water injection part.
- the support frame of the bacteria sticks includes two telescopic sleeves, and the distance between the two sleeves is set.
- the telescopic sleeve realizes the support to the mushroom rod through two sleeves, that is, two sleeves are arranged under each bacteria rod grasping part.
- An integrated device for perforating and increasing oxygenation and water injection of edible mushroom sticks as described above the perforation and oxygenation and water injection parts are provided in multiple places, and the locations of the perforation and oxygenation and water injection parts are the same as those for grabbing bacteria sticks and bacteria sticks.
- the setting position of the supporting frame is corresponding, and the simultaneous operation of multiple bacterial sticks on the same layer of the bacterial stick placement frame is realized.
- the integrated device for perforating and increasing oxygenation and water injection of edible mushroom sticks as described above also includes a control part, which is the same as the above-mentioned perforating, oxygenation and water injection parts, liftable parts, bacteria stick support frame and bacteria stick grasping The components are connected individually.
- the present invention also provides a working method of an integrated device for perforating edible mushroom sticks, increasing oxygen, increasing water and injecting water, including the following contents:
- the supporting part moves to the bacteria stick placement rack
- the bacteria stick support frame extends a set distance toward the direction of the bacteria stick placement frame
- the grabbing mechanism in the stick grabbing part grabs the sticks from the stick placement rack, and moves the sticks to the top of the stick support frame, the grabbing mechanism releases the sticks, and the sticks fall and are controlled by the stick support frame.
- the bacteria stick support frame is retracted
- the punching, oxygenation and water injection part is driven by the liftable part, drives the needle to enter the bacterial stick, injects water into the bacterial stick, and increases oxygen after water injection. After the oxygenation is completed, the liftable part drives the needle to leave the bacterial stick.
- the present invention is provided by the overall structure, the supporting part can be raised and lowered, and can drive the perforated oxygen-increasing water injection parts installed on it to move together to each layer of the fungus stick placement rack, and the bacteria sticks of different layers of the fungus stick placement rack
- the operation can realize multi-level shelf operation, drilling holes and taking into account water injection and oxygenation, which improves the operation efficiency of bacterial stick cultivation.
- the present invention clamps the bacterium stick from the bacterium stick placement frame to the bacterium stick support frame through the bacterium stick grasping part, and the bacterium stick support frame is used to support the bacterium stick in the process of punching the bacterium stick, etc., by punching
- the oxygen-increasing and water-injecting part is used to punch holes, increase oxygen and water-inject each layer of bacterial rods, effectively improving work efficiency, controlling production costs, and fully reducing labor costs.
- the present invention can drive the supporting part to move to the place where the mushroom rod is placed by setting the fixing frame, and ensure that the supporting part can move up and down.
- the present invention realizes the rotation of the bacteria stick on the supporting part through the rotation of the grasping mechanism, and then performs perforation, oxygenation and water injection after the rotation. Go to the next position to work again, thereby promoting the uniformity of punching, oxygenation and water injection, reducing work intensity, and improving the automation level of bacterial stick cultivation.
- Fig. 1 is a front view of an integrated device for punching holes, increasing oxygen and water injection for edible mushroom sticks according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.
- Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the punching, oxygenation, and water injection components of an integrated device for punching holes, increasing oxygen, increasing water, and injecting edible mushroom sticks according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.
- Fig. 3 is a top view of the punching, oxygenation, and water injection components in an integrated device for punching holes, increasing oxygen, increasing water, and injecting edible mushroom sticks according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.
- Fig. 4 is a side view of an integrated device for perforating edible mushroom sticks, increasing oxygen, increasing water and injecting water according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.
- Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the mushroom stick grasping parts in an integrated device for perforating edible mushroom sticks, increasing oxygen, increasing water and injecting water according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.
- Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the mushroom stick grabbing part in Fig. 5 of the present invention.
- Bacteria stick placement frame 2. Supporting parts, 3. Fixed frame,, 4. Bacteria stick support frame, 5. Water storage tank, 6. Gas storage tank, 7. Wheels, 8. Electric telescopic casing , 9. Needle holder, 10. Needle, 11. Oxygen supply pipeline interface, 12. Water supply pipeline interface, 13. Slide rail, 14. Control box, 15. Bacteria stick grabbing part, 16. Disc, 17 . Clamping block, 18. Retractable shaft, 19. Bacteria rod grasping component support frame, 20. Sleeve.
- the punching and oxygenation equipment in the prior art can only provide oxygen for the fungus sticks, and lacks the injection of water; water injection after the fungus sticks are punched will inevitably increase the production cost, resulting in the cost of edible fungi.
- an integrated device for perforating edible fungus sticks, increasing oxygen and adding water including a supporting part 2, the supporting part 2 can realize lifting movement, and the supporting part can specifically adopt truss.
- the perforated oxygen-increasing water injection part is installed on the upper part of the support part 2.
- the perforated oxygen-increasing water injection part is provided with a needle holder 9, and the needle holder 9 is connected to the support part 2 through a liftable part.
- a plurality of hollow needles 10 are fixed, and the needles 10 are respectively connected with the water supply pipeline and the oxygen supply pipeline, and have three functions of punching, feeding and water injection.
- the needle holder 9 is specifically a needle holder plate;
- the liftable member is an electric telescopic sleeve 8
- the electric telescopic sleeve is a square sleeve, which is evenly arranged on the needle holder 9, with one end It is connected with the upper part of the supporting part 2 to realize the fixation, and the other end is connected with the needle fixing plate.
- the electric telescopic sleeve realizes the up and down movement of the needle holder 9 through stretching.
- the hollow needle 10 on the fixed plate realizes lifting movement, and then realizes that the needle 10 enters and leaves the bacterial stick.
- an oxygen supply pipeline interface 11 and a water supply pipeline interface 12 are arranged on the needle holder 9, and the needle 10 passes through the interface. Realize the connection with the water supply pipeline and the oxygen supply pipeline respectively.
- the top of the needle fixing member is connected with the electric telescopic sleeve 8, and a plurality of needles 10 are arranged at the bottom, and the distance between two adjacent needles is the same, and the same bacterial stick is injected with water and oxygenated by the plurality of needles.
- the oxygen supply pipeline interface 11 and the water supply pipeline interface 12 are also arranged around the electric telescopic sleeve 8, and around one electric telescopic sleeve 8, two oxygen supply pipeline interfaces 11 and two
- the water supply pipeline interface 12, the oxygen supply pipeline interface 11 and the water supply pipeline interface 12 on one side of the electric telescopic sleeve 8 are all in communication with the needle 10 on this side of the electric telescopic sleeve 8, and the oxygen supply pipeline interface 11 is used for It is connected with the oxygen supply pipeline, and the water supply pipeline interface 12 is used to connect with the water supply pipeline; specifically, the water supply pipeline is connected to the water storage tank 5, and the gas supply pipeline is connected to the gas storage tank 6, which are respectively supplied for the perforated oxygen-increasing water injection parts water and oxygen.
- the water supply pipeline and the air supply pipeline are respectively provided with on-off valves, and the on-off valves are connected with the control components.
- the lower part of the support part is used to install the bacteria stick support frame 4, and the bacteria stick support frame can realize lateral telescopic movement relative to the support part; the bacteria stick grasping part 15 is fixed on the middle part of the support part, and the middle part of the support part 2
- the middle beam is used to install the bacterium stick grasping part support frame 19
- the bacterium stick grasping part is arranged on the top of the bacterium stick support frame 4, and the bacterium stick grasping part 15 is arranged on the below of the perforating oxygen-increasing water injection part.
- the bacterium stick grasping part 15 comprises a grasping mechanism, and the grasping mechanism realizes that the bacterium stick is grasped to the bacterium stick support frame 4 and then unclamped, and the support to the bacterium stick is realized by two sleeves, that is, each bacterium stick grasping part Two sleeves 20 are arranged below.
- the bacteria stick supporting frame 4 of the present embodiment comprises two telescopic sleeves 20, and the setting distance is set between the two sleeves 20.
- the sleeves 20 are respectively electric telescopic sleeves, and the bacteria stick supporting frame is installed through the two sleeves. In the lower half of the support part 2.
- the supporting part 2 is installed on the fixed frame 3 through the slide rail 13, the supporting part 2 is connected with the lifting mechanism, the lifting mechanism can drive the supporting part 2 to realize the lifting movement, the lifting mechanism is fixed on the fixed frame 3, and the wheel is installed at the bottom of the fixed frame 3 8.
- the wheels 8 cooperate with the track fixed on the ground to move along the track, so that the supporting part 2 is driven by the fixed frame 3 to move to the mushroom stick placement frame 1, and the lifting mechanism ensures that the supporting part can move up and down.
- the supporting part 2 can be raised and lowered by the lifting mechanism, and can drive the perforated oxygen-increasing water injection parts installed on it to move together to each layer of the fungus stick placement frame 1, and the fungus stick grabbing part 15 clamps the fungus stick from the fungus stick placement rack 1 Hold to the bacterium stick support frame 4, the bacterium stick support frame 4 is used for the support to the bacterium stick in the process such as punching the bacterium stick, carries out the punching, oxygenation and water injection parts of each layer of the bacterium stick by the perforating aeration.
- Water injection can effectively improve work efficiency, control production costs, and solve the problem that the existing punching and oxygenation equipment can only provide oxygen for the bacteria sticks and lack water injection. It can realize direct water injection while the needle is punching, and there is no need to refill after punching. For water injection, the punching and water injection are combined into one step, which reduces the cost of edible mushrooms.
- the fixed frame is L-shaped, the vertical fixed frame is used to realize the lifting of the supporting parts, the bottom of the horizontal fixed frame is provided with wheels 7, and the upper part is used to place the water storage tank 5 and the gas storage tank 6.
- a control box 14 is provided between the water storage tank 5 and the air storage tank 6.
- the water storage tank 5 and the air storage tank 6 are respectively provided with flowmeters, and the control components are installed in the control box.
- the water that has not completely entered the bacteria stick is pressed out to ensure that there is no more water in the needle after each water injection operation is completed.
- the gripping mechanism includes a telescopic shaft 18, a disk 16 is fixed at one end of the telescopic shaft 18, and slots are arranged on both sides of the disk 16, and each slot can be arranged along the
- the clamping block 17 moved by the card slot, the clamping block 17 is connected with the driving power source respectively, and the driving power source drives the two clamping blocks 17 to realize the opposite or reverse movement, and the two clamping blocks 17 realize the sterilization by the opposite or reverse movement. Clamping or unclamping of rods.
- the driving power source is fixed on the support frame 19 of the bacterium rod grabbing part, and the driving power source can specifically be a driving electric cylinder, or the clamping block can be connected with other driving power sources, as long as the linear motion of the clamping block can be realized.
- the telescopic shaft 18 is also connected with the rotating power source, and the rotating power source is fixed on the supporting frame 19 of the bacterial stick grasping part to drive the rotation of the disc 16 , by driving the rotation of the grasping mechanism, the rotation of the bacteria stick on the support part 2 is realized, the uniformity of perforation, oxygenation and water injection is promoted, the work intensity is reduced, and the automation level of the bacteria stick cultivation is improved;
- the rotating power source is specifically a rotating motor, and the rotating motor drives the rotation of the retractable shaft, thereby mobilizing the rotation of the disk.
- the telescopic shaft 18 adopts an electric telescopic shaft, and the arrangement of the electric telescopic shaft drives the grasping mechanism to move toward the support member.
- the perforated oxygen-increasing water injection part is provided with multiple places, and the number of settings of the multi-place perforated oxygen-increased water injection parts can be the same as the number of bacteria stick placement racks, and the setting positions are also corresponding;
- the setting position of the oxygen water injection part is corresponding to the setting position of the bacteria stick grasping part and the bacteria stick support frame 4, so as to realize the simultaneous operation of a plurality of bacteria sticks on the same layer of the bacteria stick placement frame 1.
- the present embodiment also comprises control part, and control part is the same as the drive electric cylinder in the telescopic sleeve of perforating oxygen-increasing water injection part, liftable part, bacterium stick support frame 4 and bacterium stick grasping part 15, rotating motor, can
- the telescopic shafts are connected separately, thereby realizing electric control.
- control component is a PLC controller, or other types of controllers, and the control component is arranged in the control box 14 .
- the present invention also provides a working method of an integrated device for perforating edible mushroom sticks, increasing oxygen, increasing water and injecting water, which includes the following contents:
- the supporting part 2 moves along the track to the bacteria rod placement frame 1 through the wheels 7 on the fixed frame 3;
- the lifting mechanism drives the supporting part 2 to move along the slide rail 13, and adjusts the supporting part 2 to a suitable height. Long setting distance;
- the grasping mechanism in the bacterial stick grabbing part 15 grabs the bacterial stick from the bacterial stick placement frame through the clamping block 17, and moves the bacterial stick to the top of the bacterial stick support frame 4, and the grasping mechanism releases the bacterial stick.
- rod the whereabouts of the rod is supported by the rod support frame 4 to the rod;
- the bacteria stick support frame 4 is retracted, the electric telescopic sleeve 8 above the needle head fixing plate completes the vertical movement of the needle head up and down, and the perforating, oxygen-increasing and water injection parts are driven by the liftable parts to drive the needle head 10 into the bacteria stick, and the bacteria
- the rod is injected with water, and oxygen is added after water injection.
- the power source is rotated, and the hole is punched, water injected, and oxygen is added repeatedly for 4-6 times.
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种食用菌菌棒打孔增氧注水一体化装置及工作方法，解决了现有技术中打孔增氧设备，只能为菌棒提供氧气，缺少水分的注入的问题，具有促进打孔增氧注水的均匀性，降低工作强度，提高菌棒培育自动化水平的有益效果，具体方案如下：一种食用菌菌棒打孔增氧注水一体化装置，包括能够实现升降运动的支撑部件，打孔增氧注水部件包括针头固定件，针头固定件通过可升降件与支撑部件连接，针头固定件固定有若干中空的针头，针头同供水管路、供氧管路分别连通；菌棒支撑架安装于支撑部件，相对于支撑部件可伸缩，位于打孔增氧注水部件下方，菌棒抓取部件固定于支撑部件，包括将菌棒抓至菌棒支撑架后松开的抓取机构。
Description
本发明要求2021年10月29日提交中国专利局、申请号为202111273443.4、发明名称为“一种食用菌菌棒打孔增氧注水一体化装置及工作方法”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本发明中。
本发明涉及食用菌领域，尤其是一种食用菌菌棒打孔增氧注水一体化装置及工作方法。
本部分的陈述仅仅是提供了与本发明相关的背景技术信息，不必然构成在先技术。
近年来食用菌的需求量不断增加，智慧化工厂化生产食用菌是大势所趋，在食用菌的培育过程中，氧气和水分是必不可少的。
发明人发现，现阶段投入使用的打孔增氧设备，只能为菌棒提供氧气，缺少水分的注入；在菌棒打孔之后再进行注水势必会增加生产成本，造成食用菌的成本偏高，效率低，劳动强度偏高。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的不足，本发明的目的是提供一种食用菌菌棒打孔增氧注水一体化装置，其具有打孔、供氧、注水的功能，安装于可移动支撑部件，配合菌棒支撑架实现对菌棒的作业。
为了实现上述目的，本发明是通过如下的技术方案来实现：
一种食用菌菌棒打孔增氧注水一体化装置，包括：
支撑部件，支撑部件能够实现升降运动；
打孔增氧注水部件，安装于支撑部件，打孔增氧注水部件包括针头固定件，针头固定件通过可升降件与支撑部件连接，针头固定件固定有若干中空的针头，针头同供水管路、供氧管路分别连通；
菌棒支撑架，安装于支撑部件，菌棒支撑架相对于支撑部件可伸缩；
菌棒抓取部件，固定于支撑部件，菌棒抓取部件包括抓取机构，抓取机构将菌棒抓至菌棒支撑架后松开。
上述的装置中，支撑部件能够移动至菌棒安置架处，支撑部件可升降，能够带动其上安装的打孔增氧注水部件等一同运动至菌棒安置架的各层，菌棒抓取部件将菌棒从菌棒安置架夹持至菌棒支撑架，菌棒支撑架用于在对菌棒打孔等过程中对菌棒的支撑，由打孔增氧注水部件进行每一层菌棒的打孔、增氧和注水，有效提高工作效率，控制生产成本。
如上所述的一种食用菌菌棒打孔增氧注水一体化装置，所述支撑部件通过滑轨安装于固定架，支撑部件与升降机构连接，升降机构带动支撑部件实现升降运动，升降机构固定于固定架；
固定架底端安装有车轮，车轮与固定于地面的轨道配合以沿着轨道移动，在固定架的带动下，可带动支撑部件移动至菌棒安置架处，且保证支撑部件实现可升降运动。
如上所述的一种食用菌菌棒打孔增氧注水一体化装置，所述针头固定件为针头固定板；
所述可升降件为电动可伸缩套管，电动可伸缩套管的一端同所述的支撑部件连接，另一端同针头固定板连接。
如上所述的一种食用菌菌棒打孔增氧注水一体化装置，所述抓取机构包括可伸缩轴，可伸缩轴的一端固定有圆盘，圆盘的两侧分别设置卡槽，每一卡槽处设置可沿着卡槽移动的夹紧块，夹紧块各自同驱动动力源连接，驱动动力源带动两夹紧块实现相向或反向运动，由两夹紧块对菌棒进行夹持或松开。
如上所述的一种食用菌菌棒打孔增氧注水一体化装置，考虑到1个菌棒的打孔注水增氧需要进行4-6次，所述可伸缩轴同旋转动力源连接以带动所述圆盘的转动，带动抓取机构的转动，实现支撑部件上菌棒的旋转，促进打孔增氧注水的均匀性，降低工作强度，提高菌棒培育自动化水平；
可伸缩轴为电动可伸缩轴，可伸缩轴的设置带动抓取机构可朝向支撑部件移动。
如上所述的一种食用菌菌棒打孔增氧注水一体化装置，所述菌棒抓取部件设于所述菌棒支撑架的上方，菌棒抓取部件设于所述打孔增氧注水部件的下方。
如上所述的一种食用菌菌棒打孔增氧注水一体化装置，所述菌棒支撑架包括两可伸缩的套筒，两套筒之间间隔设定距离设置，套筒分别为电动可伸缩套筒，通过两套筒实现对菌棒的支撑，即每一菌棒抓取部件的下方均设置两处套筒。
如上所述的一种食用菌菌棒打孔增氧注水一体化装置，所述打孔增氧注水部件设有多处，打孔增氧注水部件的设置位置同菌棒抓取部件、菌棒 支撑架的设置位置是对应的，实现对菌棒安置架同一层多个菌棒的同时作业。
如上所述的一种食用菌菌棒打孔增氧注水一体化装置，还包括控制部件，控制部件同所述的打孔增氧注水部件、可升降件、菌棒支撑架和菌棒抓取部件分别单独连接。
第二方面，本发明还提供了一种食用菌菌棒打孔增氧注水一体化装置的工作方法，包括如下内容：
支撑部件移动至菌棒安置架；
菌棒支撑架朝向菌棒安置架方向伸长设定距离；
菌棒抓取部件中抓取机构从菌棒安置架抓取菌棒，并将菌棒移动至菌棒支撑架的上方，抓取机构松开菌棒，菌棒下落由菌棒支撑架对菌棒进行支撑；
菌棒支撑架收回；
打孔增氧注水部件在可升降件的带动下，带动针头进入菌棒，对菌棒进行注水，注水之后进行增氧，增氧完成后，可升降件带动针头脱离菌棒。
上述本发明的有益效果如下：
1)本发明通过整体结构的给出，支撑部件可升降，能够带动其上安装的打孔增氧注水部件等一同运动至菌棒安置架的各层，对菌棒安置架的不同层菌棒的作业，可以实现多层次货架作业，打孔兼顾注水增氧，提高了菌棒培育的作业效率。
2)本发明通过菌棒抓取部件将菌棒从菌棒安置架夹持至菌棒支撑架，菌棒支撑架用于在对菌棒打孔等过程中对菌棒的支撑，由打孔增氧注水部 件进行每一层菌棒的打孔、增氧和注水，有效提高工作效率，控制生产成本，充分降低人工成本。
3)本发明通过固定架的设置，可带动支撑部件移动至菌棒安置架处，且保证支撑部件实现可升降运动。
4)本发明通过抓取机构的转动，实现支撑部件上菌棒的旋转，旋转后再进行打孔增氧注水，菌棒在可伸缩支撑架上完成一次打孔注水增氧作业后，需要旋转到下一位置再次进行作业，由此促进打孔增氧注水的均匀性，降低工作强度，提高菌棒培育自动化水平。
构成本发明的一部分的说明书附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的不当限定。
图1是本发明根据一个或多个实施方式的一种食用菌菌棒打孔增氧注水一体化装置的主视图。
图2是本发明根据一个或多个实施方式的一种食用菌菌棒打孔增氧注水一体化装置的打孔增氧注水部件示意图。
图3是本发明根据一个或多个实施方式的一个或多个实施方式的一种食用菌菌棒打孔增氧注水一体化装置中打孔增氧注水部件俯视图。
图4是本发明根据一个或多个实施方式的一个或多个实施方式的一种食用菌菌棒打孔增氧注水一体化装置侧视图。
图5是本发明根据一个或多个实施方式的一个或多个实施方式的一种食用菌菌棒打孔增氧注水一体化装置中菌棒抓取部件示意图。
图6是本发明图5的菌棒抓取部件局部结构示意图。
图中：为显示各部位位置而夸大了互相间间距或尺寸，示意图仅作示意。
其中：1、菌棒安置架，2、支撑部件，3、固定架,,4、菌棒支撑架,5、储水罐，6、储气罐,7、车轮，8、电动可伸缩套管，9、针头固定件，10、针头，11、供氧管路接口，12、供水管路接口，13、滑轨，14、控制箱，15、菌棒抓取部件，16、圆盘，17、夹紧块，18、可伸缩轴，19、菌棒抓取部件支撑架，20、套筒。
应该指出，以下详细说明都是例示性的，旨在对本发明提供进一步的说明。除非另有指明，本发明使用的所有技术和科学术语具有与本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员通常理解的相同含义。
需要注意的是，这里所使用的术语仅是为了描述具体实施方式，而非意图限制根据本发明的示例性实施方式。如在这里所使用的，除非本发明另外明确指出，否则单数形式也意图包括复数形式，此外，还应当理解的是，当在本说明书中使用术语“包含”和/或“包括”时，其指明存在特征、步骤、操作、器件、组件和/或它们的组合；
正如背景技术所介绍的，现有技术中打孔增氧设备，只能为菌棒提供氧气，缺少水分的注入；在菌棒打孔之后再进行注水势必会增加生产成本，造成食用菌的成本偏高，效率低，劳动强度偏高的问题，为了解决如上的技术问题，本发明提出了一种食用菌菌棒打孔增氧注水一体化装置。
实施例一
本发明的一种典型的实施方式中，参考图1所示，一种食用菌菌棒打孔增氧注水一体化装置，包括支撑部件2，支撑部件2能够实现升降运动，支撑部件具体可采用桁架。
打孔增氧注水部件安装于支撑部件2上的上半部分，打孔增氧注水部件上设有针头固定件9，针头固定件9通过可升降件与支撑部件2连接，针头固定件9上固定有若干中空的针头10，针头10同供水管路、供氧管路分别连通，具有打孔，供养，注水三种功能。
如图2和图3所示，针头固定件9具体为针头固定板；可升降件为电动可伸缩套管8，电动可伸缩套管为方形套管，在针头固定件9上均匀布置，一端同支撑部件2上半部分连接实现固定，另一端同针头固定板连接，电动可伸缩套管通过伸缩实现针头固定件9上下运动，打孔增氧注水部件均通过电动可伸缩套管8带动针头固定板上中空的针头10实现升降运动，进而实现针头10进入和脱离菌棒，在针头10的周围，针头固定件9上设置供氧管路接口11和供水管路接口12，针头10通过接口实现与供水管路、供氧管路分别连通。
其中，针头固定件的顶端同电动伸缩套管8连接，底端设置多个针头10，相邻两针头之间的距离相同，由多个针头对同一菌棒进行注水和增氧。
可以理解的是，供氧管路接口11和供水管路接口12同样设置在电动可伸缩套管8周围，一个电动可伸缩套管8周围，分别设置两个供氧管路接口11和两个供水管路接口12，电动可伸缩套管8一侧的供氧管路接口11和供水管路接口12均同电动可伸缩套管8该侧的针头10连通，供氧管路接口11用于同供氧管路连接，供水管路接口12用于同供水管路连接； 具体的，供水管路连通储水罐5，供气管路连通储气罐6，分别为打孔增氧注水部件供应水和氧气。
其中，供水管路和供气管路各自设置有开关阀，开关阀同控制部件连接。
支撑部件的下半部分用于安装菌棒支撑架4，菌棒支撑架相对于支撑部件可实现横向伸缩运动；菌棒抓取部件15固定于支撑部件的中间部分，支撑部件2的中间部分即中梁用于安装菌棒抓取部件支撑架19，菌棒抓取部件设于菌棒支撑架4的上方，菌棒抓取部件15设于打孔增氧注水部件的下方。
菌棒抓取部件15包括抓取机构，抓取机构实现将菌棒抓取至菌棒支撑架4后松开，通过两套筒实现对菌棒的支撑，即每一菌棒抓取部件的下方均设置两处套筒20。
本实施例的菌棒支撑架4包括两可伸缩的套筒20，两套筒20之间间隔设定距离设置，套筒20分别为电动可伸缩套筒，菌棒支撑架通过两套筒安装在支撑部件2的下半部分。
支撑部件2通过滑轨13安装于固定架3，支撑部件2与升降机构连接，升降机构可以带动支撑部件2实现升降运动，升降机构固定于固定架3，在固定架3的底端安装有车轮8，车轮8与固定于地面的轨道配合以沿着轨道移动，从而支撑部件2在固定架3的带动下，移动至菌棒安置架1处，升降机构保证支撑部件实现可升降运动。
支撑部件2通过升降机构可升降，能够带动其上安装的打孔增氧注水部件等一同运动至菌棒安置架1的各层，菌棒抓取部件15将菌棒从菌棒安 置架1夹持至菌棒支撑架4，菌棒支撑架4用于在对菌棒打孔等过程中对菌棒的支撑，由打孔增氧注水部件进行每一层菌棒的打孔、增氧和注水，有效提高工作效率，控制生产成本，解决了现有打孔增氧设备只能为菌棒提供氧气，缺少水分注入的问题，可以实现针头打孔的同时直接注水，无需打孔完后再进行注水，将打孔和注水合并成一个步骤，降低了食用菌的成本。
参考图1和图4所示，固定架为L形，竖向的固定架用于实现支撑部件的升降，横向的固定架底部设有车轮7，上部用于放置储水罐5和储气罐6，储水罐5和储气罐6之间设有控制箱14，储水罐5和储气罐6分别设置流量计，控制箱内设置控制部件，通过控制部件实时控制储水罐5和储气罐6的流量，当针头10进入菌棒后，供水管路先打开，供水供氧智能控制箱14控制注水，之后关闭供水管路，打开供氧管路进行供氧并且将针头10内未完全进入菌棒的水分压出，以保证每一次注水作业完成后，针头内不再存在水分。
参考图5和图6所示，抓取机构包括可伸缩轴18，可伸缩轴18的一端固定有圆盘16，圆盘16的两侧分别设置卡槽，每一卡槽处设置可沿着卡槽移动的夹紧块17，夹紧块17各自同驱动动力源连接，驱动动力源带动两夹紧块17实现相向或反向运动，两夹紧块17通过相向或反向运动实现对菌棒的夹持或松开。
驱动动力源固定于菌棒抓取部件支撑架19，驱动动力源具体可为驱动电缸，或者夹紧块可同其他的驱动动力源连接，只要能实现夹紧块的直线运动即可。
考虑到1个菌棒的打孔注水增氧需要进行4-6次，可伸缩轴18还同旋转动力源连接，旋转动力源固定于菌棒抓取部件支撑架19，以带动圆盘16转动，通过带动抓取机构的转动，实现支撑部件2上菌棒的旋转，促进打孔增氧注水的均匀性，降低工作强度，提高菌棒培育自动化水平；
一些示例中，旋转动力源具体为旋转电机，旋转电机带动可伸缩轴的转动，进而调动圆盘的转动。
本实施例中可伸缩轴18采用电动可伸缩轴，电动可伸缩轴的设置带动抓取机构可朝向支撑部件移动。
可以理解的是，打孔增氧注水部件设有多处，多处打孔增氧注水部件的设置数量同菌棒安置架的设置数量可以是相同的，且设置位置也是对应的；打孔增氧注水部件的设置位置同菌棒抓取部件、菌棒支撑架4的设置位置是对应的，实现对菌棒安置架1同一层多个菌棒的同时作业。
本实施例还包括控制部件，控制部件同打孔增氧注水部件、可升降件、菌棒支撑架4的可伸缩的套筒和菌棒抓取部件15中的驱动电缸、旋转电机、可伸缩轴分别单独连接，由此实现电动控制。
具体地，控制部件为PLC控制器，或者其他类型的控制器，控制部件设于控制箱14内。
实施例二
本发明还提供了一种食用菌菌棒打孔增氧注水一体化装置的工作方法，包括如下内容：
支撑部件2通过固定架3上的车轮7沿着轨道移动至菌棒安置架1；
升降机构带动支撑部件2沿着滑轨13运动，调节支撑部件2到合适的 高度，支撑部件2上的菌棒支撑架4在电动可伸缩套筒的作用下，朝向菌棒安置架1方向伸长设定距离；
驱动动力源作用，菌棒抓取部件15中抓取机构通过夹紧块17从菌棒安置架抓取菌棒，并将菌棒移动至菌棒支撑架4的上方，抓取机构松开菌棒，菌棒下落由菌棒支撑架4对菌棒进行支撑；
菌棒支撑架4收回，针头固定板上方电动可伸缩套管8通过垂直运动完成针头的上下垂直运动，打孔增氧注水部件在可升降件的带动下，带动针头10进入菌棒，对菌棒进行注水，注水之后进行增氧，旋转动力源作用，打孔注水增氧重复进行4-6次，最后一次增氧完成后，可升降件带动针头脱离菌棒。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
- 一种食用菌菌棒打孔增氧注水一体化装置，其特征在于，包括：支撑部件，支撑部件能够实现升降运动；打孔增氧注水部件，安装于支撑部件，打孔增氧注水部件包括针头固定件，针头固定件通过可升降件与支撑部件连接，针头固定件固定有若干中空的针头，针头同供水管路、供氧管路分别连通；菌棒支撑架，安装于支撑部件，菌棒支撑架相对于支撑部件可伸缩，菌棒支撑架位于打孔增氧注水部件的下方；菌棒抓取部件，固定于支撑部件，菌棒抓取部件包括抓取机构，抓取机构将菌棒抓至菌棒支撑架后松开。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种食用菌菌棒打孔增氧注水一体化装置，其特征在于，所述支撑部件通过滑轨安装于固定架，支撑部件与升降机构连接，升降机构带动支撑部件实现升降运动，升降机构固定于固定架；固定架底端安装有车轮，车轮与固定于地面的轨道配合以沿着轨道移动。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种食用菌菌棒打孔增氧注水一体化装置，其特征在于，所述针头固定件为针头固定板；所述可升降件为电动可伸缩套管，电动可伸缩套管的一端同所述的支撑部件连接，另一端同针头固定板连接。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种食用菌菌棒打孔增氧注水一体化装置，其特征在于，所述抓取机构包括可伸缩轴，可伸缩轴的一端固定有圆盘，圆盘的两侧分别设置卡槽，每一卡槽处设置可沿着卡槽移动的夹紧块，夹紧块各自同驱动动力源连接，驱动动力源带动两夹紧块实现相向或反向运 动。
- 根据权利要求4所述的一种食用菌菌棒打孔增氧注水一体化装置，其特征在于，所述可伸缩轴同旋转动力源连接以带动所述圆盘的转动；可伸缩轴为电动可伸缩轴。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种食用菌菌棒打孔增氧注水一体化装置，其特征在于，所述菌棒抓取部件设于所述菌棒支撑架的上方，菌棒抓取部件设于所述打孔增氧注水部件的下方。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种食用菌菌棒打孔增氧注水一体化装置，其特征在于，所述菌棒支撑架包括两可伸缩的套筒，两套筒之间间隔设定距离设置，套筒分别为电动可伸缩套筒。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种食用菌菌棒打孔增氧注水一体化装置，其特征在于，所述打孔增氧注水部件设有多处，打孔增氧注水部件的设置位置同菌棒抓取部件、菌棒支撑架的设置位置是对应的。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种食用菌菌棒打孔增氧注水一体化装置，其特征在于，还包括控制部件，控制部件同所述的打孔增氧注水部件、可升降件、菌棒支撑架和菌棒抓取部件分别单独连接。
- 根据权利要求1-9中任一项所述的一种食用菌菌棒打孔增氧注水一体化装置的工作方法，其特征在于，包括如下内容：支撑部件移动至菌棒安置架；菌棒支撑架朝向菌棒安置架方向伸长设定距离；菌棒抓取部件中抓取机构从菌棒安置架抓取菌棒，并将菌棒移动至菌棒支撑架的上方，抓取机构松开菌棒，菌棒下落由菌棒支撑架对菌棒进行 支撑；菌棒支撑架收回；打孔增氧注水部件在可升降件的带动下，带动针头进入菌棒，对菌棒进行注水，注水之后进行增氧，增氧完成后，可升降件带动针头脱离菌棒。
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