WO2023070588A1 - 电池与车身一体化结构以及电动汽车 - Google Patents

电池与车身一体化结构以及电动汽车 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023070588A1
WO2023070588A1 PCT/CN2021/127686 CN2021127686W WO2023070588A1 WO 2023070588 A1 WO2023070588 A1 WO 2023070588A1 CN 2021127686 W CN2021127686 W CN 2021127686W WO 2023070588 A1 WO2023070588 A1 WO 2023070588A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery pack
battery
vehicle
electric vehicle
integrated structure
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/127686
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘建
李晶晶
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2021/127686 priority Critical patent/WO2023070588A1/zh
Priority to EP21961940.0A priority patent/EP4410578A4/en
Priority to CN202180008992.0A priority patent/CN116601823A/zh
Priority to JP2024525273A priority patent/JP2024539322A/ja
Publication of WO2023070588A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023070588A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/244—Secondary casings; Racks; Suspension devices; Carrying devices; Holders characterised by their mounting method
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B60K2001/0405—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion characterised by their position
    • B60K2001/0438—Arrangement under the floor

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of new energy vehicles, in particular to an integrated structure of a battery and a vehicle body and an electric vehicle.
  • Electric vehicles As a new energy vehicle, electric vehicles have the advantages of energy saving and environmental protection. Electric vehicles use battery packs as a power source.
  • the current battery pack is mainly a whole pack structure, that is, the cell module is assembled into the battery case. Therefore, when the electric vehicle is assembled in general, the battery pack of the whole package structure can be directly assembled to the body floor.
  • the present application provides an integrated structure of a battery and a body and an electric vehicle, so as to simplify the body structure of the electric vehicle, thereby allowing the thickness of the battery pack to be increased, the capacity of the battery pack to be increased, and the battery life of the electric vehicle to be improved.
  • the present application provides an integrated structure of a battery and a vehicle body.
  • the battery-body integrated structure includes a body frame and a battery pack.
  • the body frame has a receiving space and two sill beams.
  • the two threshold beams are arranged in parallel, and the accommodating space may be located between the two threshold beams.
  • the battery pack specifically includes a casing, a cell assembly and a beam.
  • the cell assembly and the cross beam are arranged in the casing, wherein the cross beam can be fixedly connected with the casing, and is perpendicular to the above two threshold beams.
  • the battery pack is disposed in the accommodating space.
  • the shell is mounted on two sill beams. Since the body frame has an accommodation space between the two door sill beams, the battery pack is also located between the two door sill beams when the electric vehicle is generally assembled. Therefore, when the above-mentioned battery pack is specifically installed, the top of the battery pack can be used as a body floor to carry the interior parts of the electric vehicle, so that the body floor and the reinforcing beam can be omitted, the body structure of the electric vehicle can be simplified, and the weight of the electric vehicle can be reduced. weight.
  • the battery pack can be placed in the accommodating space to allow the thickness of the battery pack to be increased, so that the top of the battery pack can be placed on the reinforcement beam.
  • the volume of the battery pack is increased to increase the capacity of the battery pack, thereby improving the battery life of the electric vehicle.
  • setting the battery pack in the accommodating space can increase the ground clearance of the battery pack, so that the electric vehicle can pass through uneven Or place on the road with larger objects without hitting the battery pack.
  • the body floor and reinforced beams can be omitted, thereby expanding the seating space inside the electric vehicle and improving the ride comfort of the occupants.
  • the rocker beam when the side of the electric vehicle is subjected to a certain impact, the rocker beam is deformed toward the battery pack by an external force, so that the rocker beam abuts against the cross beam.
  • the sill beam is abutted and supported by the cross beam, which can resist the force transmitted from the sill beam to the battery pack, so that the excessive deformation of the sill beam can prevent the cell components in the battery pack from being squeezed, so as to improve the torsion of the integrated structure of the battery and the body Rigidity and can withstand longitudinal loads, and improve the safety of electric vehicles.
  • the crossbeam In order to ensure that the crossbeam can support the sill beam after deformation of the sill beam, the crossbeam is at least partially projected on the sill beam along its length direction. Therefore, when the sill beam is deformed by an external force, the end surface of the cross beam can abut against the sill beam, thereby transferring the force of the sill beam to the cross beam, which can prevent the shell of the battery pack from being squeezed and deformed or damaged, thereby improving the performance of the electric vehicle. security.
  • the manner in which the shell of the above-mentioned battery pack is installed on the sill beam may be threaded connection, clamping connection or riveting and the like.
  • a flange is provided on the side of the shell facing the door sill beam, and the flange has a mounting hole.
  • the sill beam may also have threaded holes. Bolts pass through the mounting holes of the ledge and into the threaded holes of the sill beam, thereby assembling the ledge and the sill beam.
  • the aforementioned battery pack may include a plurality of beams.
  • the specific number and arrangement of these beams can be set according to the size of the battery car, the arrangement of the battery cell components, or the anti-collision performance requirements of the electric car.
  • the battery pack may include four beams, and the distances between adjacent beams may be equal or unequal. When these beams are arranged equidistantly, they can bear the load more evenly, thereby enhancing the torsional rigidity of the integrated structure of the battery and the vehicle body.
  • the specific material of the above beam is not limited.
  • the crossbeam can be made of aluminum profiles to reduce the weight of the crossbeam and ensure that the crossbeam has rigidity against collisions.
  • the specific shape of the above-mentioned housing is not limited.
  • the surface of the casing for carrying vehicle interior parts may be a planar structure.
  • the surface may also have protrusions. The protruding portion protrudes in a direction away from the beam to accommodate a part of the cell assembly.
  • the assembly gap may be filled with sealant or sealing strip, so as to prevent water vapor, dust, etc. from entering the interior of the electric vehicle from the above assembly gap.
  • the width d of the above assembly gap can satisfy: d ⁇ 5mm.
  • the crossbeam can also abut against the sillbeam as soon as possible, so as to transmit the collision force received by the sillbeam to the crossbeam.
  • the assembly gap between the sill beam and the battery pack is usually between 25-40 mm, but in this application the minimum assembly gap can be reduced to 5 mm, so that the width of the battery pack can be increased.
  • the smaller the width d of the assembly gap the larger the width of the battery pack can be set, so that the volume of the battery pack can be enlarged, the capacity of the battery pack can be increased, and the battery life of the electric vehicle can be improved.
  • the above-mentioned integrated structure of the battery and the vehicle body may further include reinforcements.
  • the reinforcement connects the sill beam and the shell of the battery pack, which not only increases the reliability of the connection between the sill beam and the battery pack, but also allows a part of the impact external force to be transmitted to the reinforcement when the sill beam is hit, thereby reducing the size of the sill beam. Increase the amount of deformation and enhance the torsional rigidity of the integrated structure of the battery and the body.
  • the present application provides an electric vehicle.
  • the electric vehicle includes the integrated structure of the battery and the vehicle body according to the first aspect. Since the body frame has an accommodation space between the two door sill beams, the battery pack is also located between the two door sill beams when the electric vehicle is generally assembled. Therefore, when the above-mentioned battery pack is specifically installed, the top of the battery pack can be used as the body floor to carry the interior parts of the electric vehicle, so that the body floor and reinforcing beams of some models can be omitted, the body structure of the electric vehicle can be simplified, and the The weight of an electric car.
  • setting the battery pack in the accommodating space can allow the thickness of the battery pack to be increased, so that the top of the battery pack can be placed at the top of the reinforcing beam, thereby increasing the size of the battery pack.
  • the volume of the battery pack is increased to increase the capacity of the battery pack, thereby improving the battery life of the electric vehicle.
  • setting the battery pack in the accommodating space can increase the ground clearance of the battery pack, so that the electric vehicle can pass through uneven Or place on the road with larger objects without hitting the battery pack.
  • the body floor and reinforced beams can be omitted, thereby expanding the seating space inside the electric vehicle and improving the ride comfort of the occupants.
  • the rocker beam when the side of the electric vehicle is subjected to a certain collision, the rocker beam is deformed toward the battery pack due to external force, so that the rocker beam abuts against the cross member.
  • the sill beam is abutted and supported by the cross beam, which can resist the force transmitted from the sill beam to the battery pack, so that the excessive deformation of the sill beam can prevent the cell components in the battery pack from being squeezed, so as to improve the torsion of the integrated structure of the battery and the body Rigidity and can withstand longitudinal loads, and improve the safety of electric vehicles.
  • the above-mentioned electric vehicle may further include a vehicle interior part, and the vehicle interior part is installed on the beam of the battery pack.
  • the beam of the above-mentioned battery pack not only resists side collisions, but also supports vehicle interior parts, thereby simplifying the structure of the electric vehicle and reducing the weight of the electric vehicle.
  • Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of electric vehicle in the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the integrated structure of the battery and the vehicle body in the embodiment of the present application;
  • Fig. 3 is a kind of structural representation of vehicle body frame in the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view along the A-A direction of the integrated structure of the battery and the vehicle body in Fig. 2;
  • Fig. 6 is another schematic structural diagram of the battery pack in the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 7 is another schematic structural view of the battery pack in the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 8 is another schematic structural diagram of the battery pack in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is another schematic structural view of the electric vehicle in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the body floor structure of an electric vehicle mainly includes two door sill beams extending in the longitudinal direction, and a floor and a reinforcing beam arranged between the two door sill beams.
  • the reinforcing beam is perpendicular to the door sill beam and is fixedly connected with the door sill beam, which is used to enhance the torsional rigidity of the body floor structure and the longitudinal load it can bear.
  • the battery pack In the general assembly of electric vehicles, the battery pack is mounted on the bottom of the floor of the body floor structure. In order to ensure the safety of the battery pack when the electric vehicle is running, it is necessary to set the ground clearance of the battery pack to be large so that the battery pack is not easy to collide with the ground or objects on the ground. Therefore, the body floor also needs to be designed with a large ground clearance. In addition, the larger the capacity of the battery pack, the larger the volume of the battery pack. If the cruising range of the electric vehicle needs to be improved, the size of the battery pack must be increased, for example, at least one of the thickness, width and length of the battery pack must be increased.
  • the volume of the battery pack is limited, and the capacity of the battery pack cannot be effectively increased, which is not conducive to improving the cruising range of the electric vehicle.
  • the body floor structure is used to support the body of the electric vehicle and other interior parts, and the reinforcing beam is used to resist side impacts, the body floor structure must be set to have a certain strength accordingly, and the size cannot be greatly reduced, which also also limit the volume increase of the battery pack.
  • the application provides a battery-body integrated structure and an electric vehicle, so as to simplify the body structure of the electric vehicle, thereby allowing the thickness of the battery pack to be increased and the capacity of the battery pack to be increased, thereby improving the battery life of the electric vehicle .
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electric vehicle in an embodiment of the present application.
  • an electric vehicle 10 includes a battery-body integrated structure 11 , a chassis (not shown in the figure), an electric drive control system (not shown in the figure), and an auxiliary system (not shown in the figure).
  • the battery-body integrated structure 11 includes a body frame and a battery pack, and the battery pack is installed on the body frame.
  • the specific type of the electric vehicle 10 is not limited, for example, it can be a car, a sports utility vehicle (Sport Utility Vehicle, SUV), a multi-purpose vehicle (multi-purpose vehicle, MPV), a truck, a bus Vehicles such as cars, passenger cars and sanitation vehicles.
  • SUV sports utility vehicle
  • MPV multi-purpose vehicle
  • truck a bus Vehicles such as cars, passenger cars and sanitation vehicles.
  • the electric vehicle 10 refers to a vehicle using a battery as a power source under all or part of the working conditions.
  • the electric vehicle 10 may be a hybrid vehicle, a pure electric vehicle, a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle, a plug-in hybrid vehicle or an extended-range hybrid vehicle, which is not limited in the present application.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a battery-body integrated structure in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery-body integrated structure 11 includes a body frame 111 and a battery pack 112 installed on the body frame 111 .
  • Fig. 3 shows a schematic structural view of the vehicle body frame in the embodiment of the present application, the vehicle body frame 111 has an accommodating space 113, the vehicle body frame 111 includes two door sill beams 114, the two door sill beams 114 extend along the longitudinal direction Y, and Arranged in parallel, the accommodating space 113 is located between the two sill beams 114 .
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery pack 112 includes a casing 115 , a cell assembly (not shown) and a beam 117 (shown in dotted line).
  • the cell assembly and the crossbeam 117 are arranged in the casing 115 , and the above-mentioned crossbeam 117 is fixedly connected with the casing 115 .
  • the longitudinal direction Y refers to the direction along the body length of the electric vehicle 10 , for example, the direction from the front to the rear, or the direction from the rear to the front.
  • the lateral direction X refers to the direction along the body width of the electric vehicle 10 , for example, the direction from the driver's seat to the passenger's seat, or the direction from the passenger's seat to the driver's seat.
  • the height direction Z refers to the height direction along the vehicle body of the electric vehicle 10 , for example, the direction from the roof to the bottom of the vehicle, or the direction from the bottom to the roof of the vehicle.
  • the accommodating space 113 refers to the space between two sill beams 114 .
  • the accommodating space 113 may be a hollow portion between two sill beams 114 in FIG. 3 .
  • the accommodating space 113 can also be a hollow part of the groove structure.
  • the battery-body integrated structure 11 may also include a thin plate located between the two door sill beams 114, and the thin plate is connected with the two door sill beams 114 to form a groove structure, wherein the thin plate and The hollow part enclosed by the two sill beams 114 is the accommodating space 113 .
  • the opening of the groove structure can face downward or upward.
  • the shell 115 of the battery pack 112 is installed on the door sill beam 114 , so that the battery pack 112 is also located between the above two door sill beams 114 .
  • the top of the shell 115 can be used as a body floor for carrying the interior parts of the electric vehicle 10 , for example, the seat portion of the electric car 10 can be installed on the top of the shell 115 .
  • the beam 117 of the battery pack 112 may be perpendicular to the rocker beam 114 , that is to say, the beam 117 extends along the transverse direction X of the electric vehicle 10 .
  • the sill beam 114 When the electric vehicle 10 is subjected to a lateral collision, the sill beam 114 is deformed toward the battery pack 112 by an external force, so that the sill beam 114 abuts against the crossbeam 117, so that the crossbeam 117 resists the sillbeam 114 and continues to deform, preventing the sillbeam 114 from colliding with the battery pack 112
  • the battery cell assembly thereby improving the torsional rigidity of the battery-body integrated structure 11 and the longitudinal load it can bear.
  • the battery-body integrated structure 11 described above can be used as the body floor structure of the electric vehicle 10, using the top of the shell 115 of the battery pack 112 as the body floor, and using the beam 117 of the battery pack 112 as a lateral reinforcement structure to strengthen the body floor structure torsional rigidity.
  • the body frame itself has a reinforced beam and a floor, and the battery pack is installed on the floor; this application does not need to provide the above-mentioned reinforced beam and floor, so the body structure of the electric vehicle 10 can be simplified and the weight of the electric vehicle 10 can be reduced.
  • the thickness of the reinforcing beam is between 30-40mm, or may be greater than 40mm. Therefore, the thickness of the battery pack 112 of the present application can increase the total thickness of the vehicle body floor 012 and the reinforcing beam 013 at most. That is to say, under the condition that the ground clearance of the battery pack 112 remains unchanged, the top of the shell 115 of the battery pack 112 can be arranged at the top of the reinforcing beam. Moreover, the thickness of the beam 117 along the height direction Z may also increase with the thickness of the battery pack 112 increasing.
  • the battery pack 112 is arranged in the above-mentioned accommodating space 113, and the thickness of the battery pack 112 is allowed to increase without changing the size of the electric vehicle 10, thereby expanding the volume of the battery pack 112, increasing the capacity of the battery pack 112, and Improve the vehicle endurance performance of the electric vehicle 10.
  • the above-mentioned integrated battery and body structure 11 allows electric vehicles of different sizes to use battery packs of the same size, for example, a car can use a battery pack of an SUV. In this way, the battery pack of the same size can be applied to different models, which can not only improve the versatility of the battery pack in different models, but also reduce the manufacturing cost and time of electric vehicles.
  • the ground clearance of the battery pack 112 can be set larger, so that the electric vehicle 10 can pass through uneven larger objects without hitting the battery pack 112 .
  • the orientation nouns up, down, top, bottom, etc. will be introduced for the convenience of description. These orientation words are only used for more concise description and to help readers locate the described object in the figure. location, rather than specific limitations on the location and orientation of the referent.
  • the upper surface of the battery pack 112 refers to the side surface of the battery pack 112 away from the ground after the overall assembly of the electric vehicle 10, such as the upper surface S U shown in FIGS. 2 and 4
  • the lower surface of the battery pack 112 refers to the side surface of the battery pack 112 close to the ground after the overall assembly of the electric vehicle 10 , such as the lower surface SL shown in FIG. 4 .
  • the upper surface of the door sill beam 114 refers to the side surface of the door sill beam 114 away from the ground after the overall assembly of the electric vehicle 10, such as the surface S U ′ shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 ; the lower surface of the door sill beam 114 refers to After the overall assembly of the electric vehicle 10, the side surface SL ' of the rocker beam 114 is close to the ground.
  • the top of the housing 115 refers to the part of the housing 115 away from the ground after the general assembly of the electric vehicle 10 ; the bottom of the housing 115 refers to the part of the housing 115 close to the ground after the general assembly of the electric vehicle 10 .
  • a convex edge 118 may be provided on the side of the casing 115 of the battery pack 112 facing the rocker beam 114 .
  • the raised edge 118 can be detachably connected to the door sill beam 114 , for example, the raised edge 118 can be connected to the door sill beam 114 by bolts, or the raised edge 118 can also be clamped or riveted with the door sill beam 114 .
  • the lower surface of the door sill beam 114 and the raised edge 118 are provided with installation holes, and the bolts pass through the installation holes of the raised edge 118 and extend into the installation holes of the door sill beam 114, so that the raised edge 118 and the door sill beam 114 fixed connections.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view along the direction A-A of the integrated structure of the battery and the vehicle body in FIG. 2 .
  • the upper surface of the case 115 faces the interior space of the electric vehicle 10 . In order to prevent water vapor, dust, etc.
  • the width d of the assembly gap may satisfy: d ⁇ 5mm, that is to say, the minimum distance between the side of the battery pack 112 and the door sill beam 114 is 5mm.
  • the cross beam 117 can contact the sill beam 114 as soon as possible, so as to transfer the collision force received by the sill beam 114 to the cross beam 117 and reduce the deformation amount of the sill beam 114 .
  • the width d of the assembly gap the width of the battery pack 112 can be increased, so that the volume of the battery pack 112 can be enlarged, and the capacity of the battery pack 112 can be increased to improve the battery life of the electric vehicle 10 .
  • the width d of the above-mentioned assembly gap may also be less than 5 mm, so as to further increase the width of the battery pack 112 .
  • the shape of the casing 115 of the battery pack 112 can be in different shapes.
  • the top of the casing 115 may also have a protrusion as shown in FIG. 4 .
  • the protruding portion protrudes in a direction away from the beam 117 to accommodate a part of the cell assembly.
  • the top of the housing 115 may be a flat plate structure.
  • Fig. 7 shows another structural schematic diagram of the integrated structure of the battery and the vehicle body.
  • the battery-body integrated structure 11 may further include a reinforcing member 116 .
  • the reinforcement 116 connects the door sill beam 114 and the shell 115 of the battery pack 112, which can not only increase the reliability of the connection between the door sill beam 114 and the battery pack 112, but also allow a part of the collision external force to be transmitted to the reinforcement when the door sill beam 114 is hit. 116, so that the deformation of the door sill beam 114 can be reduced, and the torsional rigidity of the battery-body integrated structure 11 can be enhanced.
  • the specific number of the reinforcement members 116 is not limited, for example, it may be the same as or different from the number of the beams 117 .
  • the same number of reinforcing pieces 116 as cross beams 117 are provided between the sill beam 114 and the shell 115 .
  • the reinforcing member 116 may be strip-shaped, plate-shaped, beam-shaped, etc., which is not specifically limited in this application.
  • the above-mentioned beam 117 can be made of aluminum profile, which can not only reduce the quality of the beam 117, but also ensure the high rigidity and strength of the beam 117, so that it has better anti-collision effect and improves the deformation of the threshold beam 114.
  • the phenomenon of compressing the battery pack 112 improves the safety of the electric vehicle 10 .
  • the body frame 111 can also be made of aluminum profiles.
  • the specific fixed connection position and method of the beam 117 and the shell 115 are not limited, for example, the end of the beam 117 can be fixedly connected with the shell 115, such as by threaded connection, bonding or welding.
  • the upper surface of the beam 117 may be fixedly connected to the top inner surface of the housing 115, for example, by means of threaded connection, bonding or welding.
  • the crossbeam 117 in order to enable the crossbeam 117 to abut against and support the threshold beam 114 when the threshold beam 114 is deformed by force, the crossbeam 117 can at least partially project on the threshold beam along the length direction of the crossbeam 117 (ie, the transverse direction X). 114 on. In other words, when the cross beam 117 extends in the transverse direction X, the end face of the cross beam 117 can at least partially contact the rocker beam 114 .
  • the upper surface of the cross beam 117 is located between the upper surface and the lower surface of the door sill beam 114, and the lower surface of the cross beam 117 is located on the side of the lower surface of the door sill beam 114 away from the upper surface of the door sill beam 114, That is, the lower surface of the beam 117 may be located below the lower surface of the rocker beam 114 .
  • the end surface of the cross beam 117 can partially abut against the door sill beam 114 , so as to resist the force transmitted by the door sill beam 114 .
  • the lower surface of the crossbeam 117 can be located below the lower surface of the sill beam 114, which can allow the thickness of the battery pack 112 to be set larger, thereby expanding the volume of the battery pack 112 and increasing the capacity of the battery pack 112. Improve the vehicle endurance performance of the electric vehicle 10.
  • the upper surface of the casing 115 of the battery pack 112 can be flush with the upper surface of the door sill beam 114 , and a sealant or sealing strip is provided between the upper surface of the casing 115 and the upper surface of the door sill beam 114 .
  • the upper surface of the beam 117 is fixedly connected to the top of the housing 115 .
  • the lower surface of the cross beam 117 can be flush with the lower surface of the door sill beam 114 ; or, the lower surface of the cross beam 117 can also be located below the lower surface of the door sill beam 114 and fixedly connected with the bottom of the shell 115 . In this way, on the one hand, the thickness of the crossbeam 117 can be increased, thereby improving the rigidity of the crossbeam 117;
  • FIG. 9 is another schematic structural view of the electric vehicle in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the electric vehicle 10 may include a vehicle interior trim 12 installed on a battery-body-integrated structure 11 .
  • the installation method of the vehicle interior part 12 is not limited, for example, it may be threaded connection, clamping connection, bonding or riveting and the like.
  • the vehicle interior trim 12 is installed on the shell 115 of the battery pack 112 by bolts, and the bolts can pass through the shell 115 and be fixed to the beam 117, so that the beam 117 and the shell 115 together carry the vehicle interior piece 12.
  • the vehicle interior part 12 can pass through the shell 115 and be installed on the crossbeam 117 , so that the crossbeam 117 supports the vehicle interior part 12 ; or, the vehicle interior part 12 can also be directly fixed on the shell 115 .
  • the above-mentioned vehicle interior trim 12 may be a vehicle seat, a sub instrument system, or a guard panel.
  • the seat part may include a seat body and a sliding bracket.
  • the sliding bracket is fixed on the crossbeam 117 of the battery pack, and the seat body is connected with the sliding bracket and can slide along the sliding bracket.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

一种电池与车身一体化结构，包括车身框架（111）和电池包（112），车身框架（111）具有平行设置的两个门槛梁（14），以及位于该两个门槛梁（14）之间的容置空间（113），电池包（112）包括外壳（115），以及设置于外壳（115）内的电芯组件和横梁（117），横梁（117）与外壳（115）连接，当总体装配电动汽车后，外壳（115）安装于门槛梁（14），外壳（115）的顶部可以作为车身地板，以简化车身结构，并且减轻电动汽车的重量。在应用中，在不改变整车尺寸的情况下，可以提升电池包的容量，改善整车续航性能，提升电池与车身一体化结构的扭转刚度和可承受的纵向载荷，并提高电动汽车的安全性。

Description

电池与车身一体化结构以及电动汽车 技术领域
本申请涉及新能源汽车技术领域，尤其涉及一种电池与车身一体化结构以及电动汽车。
背景技术
电动汽车作为新能源汽车，具有节能环保的优势。电动汽车采用电池包作为动力源。目前的电池包主要为整包结构，即电芯模组装配到电池外壳内。因此，在总体装配电动汽车时，整包结构的电池包可以直接装配到车身地板。
在设计电动汽车时，考虑到大容量电池包的实际厚度以及离地间隙，通常需要将车身地板的离地间隙设置得较大。然而，由于电动汽车的整体高度受到限制，车身地板的离地间隙增大，则导致电动汽车内部的乘坐空间减小，降低乘员的乘坐舒适性以及车辆的安全性。因此，目前的一些电动车难以提升电池包的厚度，并且电池包的容量较低，使得车辆的续航性能也难以提高。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种电池与车身一体化结构以及电动汽车，以简化电动汽车的车身结构，从而允许增加电池包的厚度，提高电池包的容量，进而改善电动汽车的整车续航性能。
第一方面，本申请提供了一种电池与车身一体化结构。该电池与车身一体化结构包括车身框架和电池包。车身框架具有容置空间和两个门槛梁。所述两个门槛梁平行设置，容置空间可以位于这两个门槛梁之间。电池包具体包括外壳、电芯组件和横梁。电芯组件和横梁设置在外壳内，其中，横梁可以与外壳固定连接，并垂直于上述两个门槛梁。
在上述电池与车身一体化结构中，电池包设置于容置空间。具体的，外壳安装于两个门槛梁。由于车身框架具有位于两个门槛梁之间的容置空间，当总体装配电动汽车后，电池包也位于这两个门槛梁之间。因此，具体安装上述电池包时，电池包的外壳顶部可以作为车身地板，用于承载电动汽车的内饰件，从而可以省略车身地板和加强横梁，简化电动汽车的车身结构，并且减轻电动汽车的重量。
采用这种电池与车身一体化结构，在不改变电动汽车的整车尺寸的情况下，电池包设置于容置空间可以允许增加电池包的厚度，使电池包的外壳顶部可以设置于加强横梁的顶部位置处，从而增大电池包的体积，以实现电池包的容量提升，进而改善电动汽车的整车续航性能。在不改变电动汽车的整车尺寸和电池包的尺寸的情况下，一方面，电池包设置于容置空间可以将电池包的离地间隙设置的较大，从而可以使电动汽车能够通过不平整或者放置有较大物体的路面，而不会碰撞电池包。另一方面，可以省略车身地板和加强横梁，从而扩大电动汽车内部的乘坐空间，提高乘员的乘坐舒适性。
此外，当电动汽车的侧面受到一定碰撞时，门槛梁因外力而朝向电池包变形，从而使门槛梁抵接横梁。通过横梁抵接并支撑门槛梁，可以抵抗门槛梁传递到电池包的作用力，因此可以避免门槛梁因过度变形而挤压电池包内的电芯组件，以提升电池与车身一体化结构的扭转刚度以及可承受的纵向载荷，并提高电动汽车的安全性。
为了保证横梁在门槛梁变形后能够支撑门槛梁，横梁沿其长度方向至少部分投影在门槛梁上。因此，当门槛梁受外力而变形后，横梁的端面可以与门槛梁抵接，从而将门槛梁 的作用力传递到横梁，可以避免电池包的外壳被挤压而变形或破损，进而提高电动汽车的安全性。
具体的，上述电池包的外壳安装于门槛梁的方式可以为螺纹联接、卡接或铆接等。例如，在一个具体的技术方案中，外壳朝向门槛梁的侧面设置有凸沿，凸沿具有安装孔。门槛梁也可以具有螺纹孔。螺栓穿过凸沿的安装孔并伸入门槛梁的螺纹孔，从而将凸沿和门槛梁组装在一起。采用这种安装方式，可以直接拆卸电池包，以便后期需要维修更换电池包。
上述电池包可以包括多个横梁。这些横梁的具体数量和排布可以根据电池汽车的尺寸、电芯组件的排布、或电动汽车抗碰撞性能要求等来设置。例如，在一个具体的技术方案中，电池包可以包括四个横梁，相邻的横梁之间的间距可以是相等的或不等的。当这些横梁等距间隔设置时，可以较为均匀地承受载荷，从而增强电池与车身一体化结构的扭转刚度。
另外，上述横梁的具体材料也不作限制。例如，横梁可以采用铝型材制成，以减轻横梁的质量，并且保证横梁具有抵抗碰撞的刚度。
上述外壳的具体形状不限。例如，针对一些结构规则或小尺寸的电池包，外壳用于承载车辆内饰件的表面可以为平面结构。或者，针对一些大尺寸或特定结构的电池包，该表面也可以具有突起部。该突起部沿远离横梁的方向突出，以容纳电芯组件的一部分。
此外，电池包与门槛梁之间还可以具有装配间隙。该装配间隙可以填充密封胶或密封条，以防止水汽、灰尘等从上述装配间隙进入电动汽车内部。
在具体的技术方案中，上述装配间隙的宽度d可以满足：d≥5mm。当在门槛梁发生微小变形时，横梁也能够尽快抵接门槛梁，以实现将门槛梁受到的碰撞力传递到横梁。另外，门槛梁与电池包的装配间隙通常在25-40mm之间，而本申请中的装配间隙最小可以减小至5mm，使得电池包的宽度可以增加。装配间隙的宽度d越小，电池包的宽度可以设置得越大，从而可以扩大电池包的体积，提高电池包的容量，以改善电动汽车的整车续航性能。
上述电池与车身一体化结构还可以包括加强件。该加强件连接门槛梁和电池包的外壳，不仅可以增加门槛梁与电池包之间的连接可靠性，还允许在门槛梁受到碰撞时将一部分碰撞外力传递到加强件，从而可以减小门槛梁变形量，增强电池与车身一体化结构的扭转刚度。
第二方面，本申请提供了一种电动汽车。该电动汽车包括第一方面的电池与车身一体化结构。由于车身框架具有位于两个门槛梁之间的容置空间，当总体装配电动汽车后，电池包也位于这两个门槛梁之间。因此，具体安装上述电池包时，电池包的外壳顶部可以作为车身地板，用于承载电动汽车的内饰件，从而可以省略一些车型的车身地板和加强横梁，简化电动汽车的车身结构，并且减轻电动汽车的重量。
另外，在不改变电动汽车的整车尺寸的情况下，电池包设置于容置空间可以允许增加电池包的厚度，使电池包的外壳顶部可以设置于加强横梁的顶部位置处，从而增大电池包的体积，以实现电池包的容量提升，进而改善电动汽车的整车续航性能。在不改变电动汽车的整车尺寸和电池包的尺寸的情况下，一方面，电池包设置于容置空间可以将电池包的离地间隙设置的较大，从而可以使电动汽车能够通过不平整或者放置有较大物体的路面，而不会碰撞电池包。另一方面，可以省略车身地板和加强横梁，从而扩大电动汽车内部的乘坐空间，提高乘员的乘坐舒适性。
此外，当电动汽车的侧面受到一定碰撞时，门槛梁因外力而朝向电池包变形，从而使 门槛梁抵接横梁。通过横梁抵接并支撑门槛梁，可以抵抗门槛梁传递到电池包的作用力，因此可以避免门槛梁因过度变形而挤压电池包内的电芯组件，以提升电池与车身一体化结构的扭转刚度以及可承受的纵向载荷，并提高电动汽车的安全性。
上述电动汽车还可以包括车辆内饰件，该车辆内饰件安装于电池包的横梁。上述电池包的横梁不仅可以抵抗侧向碰撞，还可以支撑车辆内饰件，从而简化电动汽车的结构，并减轻电动汽车的重量。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例中电动汽车的一种结构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例中电池与车身一体化结构的一种结构示意图；
图3为本申请实施例中车身框架的一种结构示意图；
图4为本申请实施例中电池包的一种结构示意图；
图5为图2的电池与车身一体化结构沿A-A方向的剖视图；
图6为本申请实施例中电池包的另一种结构示意图；
图7为本申请实施例中电池包的另一种结构示意图；
图8为本申请实施例中电池包的另一种结构示意图；
图9为本申请实施例中电动汽车的另一种结构示意图。
附图标记：
10-电动汽车；            11-电池与车身一体化结构；
12-车辆内饰件；          111-车身框架；
112-电池包；             113-容置空间；
14-门槛梁；              115-外壳；
116-加强件；             117-横梁；
118-凸沿。
具体实施方式
为了使本申请的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本申请作进一步地详细描述。
电动汽车的车身地板结构主要包括沿纵向方向延伸的两个门槛梁，以及设置在该两个门槛梁之间的地板和加强横梁。其中，加强横梁垂直于门槛梁且与门槛梁固定连接，用于增强车身地板结构的扭转刚度以及可承受的纵向载荷。
在电动汽车的总体装配中，电池包安装于车身地板结构的地板的底部。为了保证电池包在电动汽车行驶中的安全性，需要将电池包的离地间隙设置的较大，使电池包不容易碰撞到地面或地面的物体。因此，车身地板也需要设计成具有较大的离地间隙。此外，电池包的容量越大，电池包的体积就会越大。如果需要提高电动汽车的续航里程，则必须增大电池包的尺寸，例如增加电池包的厚度、宽度和长度中的至少一者。
然而，为了保证乘员的舒适性，还需要尽可能增加电动汽车的内部空间。因此，在不改变整车高度的情况下，需要减小车身地板结构的厚度和电池包的尺寸和离地间隙，这与提高电池包的容量存在矛盾。
在电动汽车的实际设计中，电池包的体积受到限制，不能有效地提高电池包的容量，这样不利于提高电动汽车的续航里程。另外，由于车身地板结构用于支撑电动汽车的车身以及其它内饰件，并且加强横梁用于抵抗侧碰，因此，车身地板结构必须相应设置成具有一定强度，无法大幅度减小尺寸，这也同样限制电池包的体积增加。
为此，本申请提供了一种电池与车身一体化结构以及电动汽车，以简化电动汽车的车身结构，从而允许增加电池包的厚度，提高电池包的容量，从而改善电动汽车的整车续航性能。
图1为本申请实施例中电动汽车的一种结构示意图。如图1所示，电动汽车10包括电池与车身一体化结构11、底盘(图中未示出)、电力驱动控制系统(图中未示出)以及辅助系统(图中未示出)等。其中，电池与车身一体化结构11包括车身框架和电池包，电池包安装于车身框架。在本申请的实施例中，电动汽车10的具体类型不限，例如可以为轿车、运动型多用途汽车(Sport Utility Vehicle，SUV)、多用途汽车(multi-purpose vehicle,MPV)、卡车、公交车、客车和环卫车等车辆。需要说明的是，在本申请的实施例中，电动汽车10是指在所有工况或部分工况下，以电池作为动力源的车辆。示例性的，电动汽车10可以为混合动力汽车(hybrid vehicle)，纯电动汽车，氢燃料电池汽车，插电式混合动力汽车或增程式混合动力汽车，本申请对此不做限定。
下面将结合附图具体说明本申请的电池与车身一体化结构11。
图2示出本申请实施例中电池与车身一体化结构的一种结构示意图，该电池与车身一体化结构11包括车身框架111、以及安装于车身框架111的电池包112。图3示出本申请实施例中车身框架的一种结构示意图，该车身框架111具有容置空间113，车身框架111包括两个门槛梁114，这两个门槛梁114沿纵向方向Y延伸，且平行设置，容置空间113位于这两个门槛梁114之间。图4示出本申请实施例中电池包的一种结构示意图，该电池包112包括外壳115、电芯组件(未示出)和横梁117(虚线所示)。电芯组件和横梁117设置在外壳115内，且上述横梁117与外壳115固定连接。
需要说明的是，在本申请的实施例中，纵向方向Y是指沿电动汽车10的车身长度方向，例如从车头到车尾的方向，或从车尾到车头的方向。横向方向X是指沿电动汽车10的车身宽度方向，例如从驾驶座到副驾驶座的方向，或从副驾驶座到驾驶座的方向。高度方向Z是指沿电动汽车10的车身高度方向，例如从车顶到车底的方向，或从车底到车顶的方向。
如图3所示，在本申请中，容置空间113是指两个门槛梁114之间的空间。具体的，例如，该容置空间113可以为图3中两个门槛梁114之间的中空部分。或者，容置空间113也可以为凹槽结构的中空部分。例如，在一个具体的实施例中，电池与车身一体化结构11还可以包括位于两个门槛梁114之间的薄板，该薄板与两个门槛梁114连接，形成凹槽结构，其中，薄板与两个门槛梁114所围成的中空部分为容置空间113。该凹槽结构的开口可以朝下或者朝上。
当总体装配电动汽车10后，电池包112的外壳115安装于门槛梁114，使电池包112也位于上述两个门槛梁114之间。外壳115的顶部可以作为车身地板，用于承载电动汽车10的内饰件，例如电动汽车10的车座部可以安装于该外壳115的顶部。另外，电池包112的横梁117可以垂直于门槛梁114，也就是说横梁117沿电动汽车10的横向方向X延伸。当电动汽车10受到横向碰撞时，门槛梁114受到外力而朝向电池包112方向变形，使得门 槛梁114抵接横梁117，从而使横梁117抵抗门槛梁114继续变形，防止门槛梁114碰撞电池包112的电芯组件，进而提升电池与车身一体化结构11的扭转刚度以及可承受的纵向载荷。
因此，上述电池与车身一体化结构11可以用作电动汽车10的车身地板结构，利用电池包112的外壳115顶部作为车身地板，并且利用电池包112的横梁117作为横向加强结构，增强车身地板结构的扭转刚度。在一些车型中，车身框架本身具有加强横梁和地板，电池包安装于该地板；本申请无需设置上述加强横梁和地板，因此，可以简化电动汽车10的车身结构，并且减轻电动汽车10的重量。
另外，一般来说，加强横梁的厚度在30-40mm之间，或者也有可能大于40mm。因此，本申请的电池包112的厚度最大可以增加车身地板012和加强横梁013的总厚度。也就是说，在电池包112的离地间隙不变的情况下，电池包112的外壳115顶部可以设置于加强横梁的顶部位置处。并且，横梁117沿高度方向Z的厚度也可以随电池包112的厚度增加而增加。
电池包112设置于上述容置空间113，在不改变电动汽车10的整车尺寸的情况下，允许电池包112的厚度增加，从而扩大电池包112的体积，增大电池包112的容量，以改善电动汽车10的整车续航性能。另外，上述电池与车身一体化结构11允许不同尺寸的电动汽车采用相同尺寸的电池包，例如轿车可以采用SUV的电池包。这样使得同一尺寸的电池包能够应用于不同车型，既可以提高电池包在不同车型中的通用性，又可以降低电动汽车的制造成本以及时间。
在不改变电动汽车10的整车尺寸和电池包112的尺寸的情况下，一方面，可以将电池包112的离地间隙设置的较大，从而可以使电动汽车10能够通过不平整或者放置有较大物体的路面，而不会碰撞电池包112。另一方面，可以省略一些车型中的车身地板和加强横梁，从而扩大电动汽车10内部的乘坐空间，提高乘员的乘坐舒适性。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中，为了方便描述将引入方位名词上、下、顶、底等，这些方位词仅仅用于更简洁的描述和帮助阅读者定位所描述的对象在图中的位置，而不是对所指对象的位置和方向进行具体限定。例如，电池包112的上表面是指在电动汽车10的总体装配之后，电池包112远离地面的一侧表面，如图2和图4中所示的上表面S U；电池包112的下表面是指在电动汽车10的总体装配之后，电池包112靠近地面的一侧表面，如图4中所示的下表面S L。门槛梁114的上表面是指在电动汽车10的总体装配之后，门槛梁114远离地面的一侧表面，如图2和图3中所示的表面S U’；门槛梁114的下表面是指在电动汽车10的总体装配之后，门槛梁114靠近地面的一侧表面S L’。又例如，外壳115的顶部是指在电动汽车10的总体装配之后，外壳115远离地面的部分；外壳115的底部是指在电动汽车10的总体装配之后，外壳115靠近地面的部分。
上述电池包112与门槛梁114的具体安装方式不限。例如，如图4所示，电池包112的外壳115朝向门槛梁114的侧面可以设置凸沿118。该凸沿118可以与门槛梁114可拆卸连接，例如凸沿118可以通过螺栓联接至门槛梁114，或者凸沿118也可以与门槛梁114卡接或者铆接等。在一个具体的实施例中，门槛梁114的下表面以及凸沿118均设置有安装孔，螺栓穿过凸沿118的安装孔并伸入门槛梁114的安装孔，使凸沿118与门槛梁114固定连接。
图5为图2的电池与车身一体化结构沿A-A方向的剖视图。电池包112与门槛梁114 之间可以具有装配间隙。该间距既可以保证在门槛梁114不发生变形的情况下电池包112不与门槛梁114碰撞，又可以使电池包112的横梁117能够在门槛梁114发生变形时抵接并支撑门槛梁114。在总体装配电动汽车10后，由于电池包112的外壳115顶部用作车身地板，因此外壳115的上表面朝向电动汽车10的内部空间。为了防止水汽、灰尘等从上述装配间隙进入电动汽车10内部，该装配间隙可以设置有密封胶或密封条。具体的，密封胶或密封条可以设置在电池包112的侧表面与门槛梁114的侧表面之间。或者，密封胶或密封条也可以设置在凸沿118的上表面与门槛梁114的下表面之间。
需要说明的是，在本申请的实施例中，抵接可以是指直接接触，也可以是指间接接触。例如在上述实施例中，横梁117与门槛梁114抵接是指横梁117与外壳115直接接触，且外壳115与门槛梁114直接接触。
上述装配间隙的具体尺寸不限。例如，装配间隙的宽度d可以满足：d≥5mm，也就说电池包112的侧面与门槛梁114之间的最小间距为5mm。当在门槛梁114发生变形时，横梁117也能够尽快抵接门槛梁114，以实现将门槛梁114受到的碰撞力传递到横梁117，并减小门槛梁114的变形量。另外，装配间隙的宽度d越小，可以允许电池包112的宽度增加，从而可以扩大电池包112的体积，提高电池包112的容量，以改善电动汽车10的整车续航性能。在本申请的其他一些实施例中，在装配精度允许的情况下，上述装配间隙的宽度d也可以小于5mm，从而进一步增加电池包112的宽度。
由于电芯组件的不同结构设计，电池包112的外壳115的形状可以呈不同形状。例如针对一些大尺寸或特定结构的电池包112，外壳115的顶部也可以为图4中所示的具有突起部。该突起部沿远离横梁117的方向突出，以容纳电芯组件的一部分。或者，如图6所示，对于一些结构规则或小尺寸的电池包112，外壳115的顶部可以为平板结构。
图7示出电池与车身一体化结构的另一种结构示意图。为了加强门槛梁114与电池包112之间的连接可靠性，电池与车身一体化结构11还可以包括加强件116。该加强件116连接门槛梁114和电池包112的外壳115，不仅可以增加门槛梁114与电池包112之间的连接可靠性，还允许在门槛梁114受到碰撞时将一部分碰撞外力传递到加强件116，从而可以减小门槛梁114变形量，增强电池与车身一体化结构11的扭转刚度。
上述加强件116的具体数量不限，例如可以与横梁117的数量相同或不同。或者针对每个门槛梁114，该门槛梁114与外壳115之间设置有与横梁117相同数量的加强件116。
此外，加强件116的具体设置位置也可以不作限制。例如，在一个具体的实施例中，加强件116可以连接门槛梁114的侧表面与外壳115的侧表面。如图7所示，在另一个具体的实施例中，加强件116可以连接门槛梁114的上表面与外壳115的上表面，该加强件116可以呈Z字形。图8示出电池与车身一体化结构的另一种结构示意图。如图8所示，加强件116还可以连接门槛梁114的侧表面和外壳115的上表面，其中，加强件116通过螺栓固定于外壳115。
上述加强件116可以为条状、板状或梁状等，本申请不作具体限制。
上述电池包112可以包括一个或多个横梁117，例如，横梁117的数量可以为3个、4个、6个或7个，具体数量可以根据电动汽车10的尺寸、电芯组件的排布或电动汽车10的抗碰撞性能要求等来设置。相邻的横梁117之间的间距不限，可以相等或不等。当这些横梁117等距间隔设置时，可以较为均匀地承受载荷，从而增强电池与车身一体化结构11的扭转刚度。
上述横梁117可以采用铝型材制成，这样不仅可以减轻横梁117的质量，而且还可以保证横梁117的刚度强度较高，使其具有较好的抵抗碰撞的作用，改善因门槛梁114变形而挤压电池包112的现象，提高电动汽车10的安全性。同样的，为了加强车身框架111的高度强度以及减轻车身框架111的质量，车身框架111也可以采用铝型材制成。
上述横梁117与外壳115的具体固定连接位置和方式不限，例如，横梁117的端部可以与外壳115固定连接，例如采用螺纹联接、粘接或焊接等方式。或者，横梁117的上表面可以与外壳115的顶部内侧表面固定连接，例如采用螺纹联接、粘接或焊接等方式。
请继续参考图5，为了使横梁117能够在门槛梁114受力变形时能够抵接并支撑门槛梁114，横梁117沿横梁117的长度方向(即横向方向X)能够至少部分地投影在门槛梁114上。换句话说，当横梁117沿横向方向X延伸时，横梁117的端面至少部分能够与门槛梁114接触。
具体来说，在一个具体的实施例中，沿电动汽车10的高度方向Z，横梁117的上表面位于门槛梁114的上表面和下表面之间，横梁117的下表面可以位于门槛梁114的上表面和下表面之间。在该实施例中，当门槛梁114发生变形时，该横梁117的端面可以全部抵接门槛梁114，从而增大横梁117与门槛梁114的接触面积，使得横梁117的受力面积增大。当门槛梁114将一定作用力传递到横梁117时，该方案可以使横梁117受到的压强较小，从而提高电池与车身一体化结构11的刚度。
在另一个具体的实施例中，横梁117的上表面位于门槛梁114的上表面和下表面之间，横梁117的下表面位于门槛梁114的下表面远离门槛梁114的上表面的一侧，也就是说，横梁117的下表面可以位于门槛梁114的下表面的下面。当门槛梁114发生变形时，该横梁117的端面可以部分抵接门槛梁114，从而抵抗门槛梁114传递的作用力。在该实施例中，横梁117的下表面可以位于门槛梁114的下表面的下面，可以允许电池包112的厚度设置的较大，从而扩大电池包112的体积，提高电池包112的容量，以改善电动汽车10的整车续航性能。
在一个具体的实施例中，电池包112的外壳115的上表面可以与门槛梁114的上表面齐平，并在外壳115的上表面与门槛梁114的上表面之间设置密封胶或密封条。在该实施例中，横梁117的上表面与外壳115的顶部固定连接。横梁117的下表面可以与门槛梁114的下表面齐平；或者，横梁117的下表面也可以位于门槛梁114的下表面的下面，并与外壳115的底部固定连接。这样一方面可以增大横梁117的厚度，从而提高横梁117的刚度；另一方面也可以最大化地利用容置空间113的空间，使电池包112的体积较大。
图9为本申请实施例中电动汽车的另一种结构示意图。如图9所示，电动汽车10可以包括车辆内饰件12，车辆内饰件12安装于电池与车身一体化结构11。
具体的，车辆内饰件12的安装方式不限，例如可以为螺纹联接、卡接、粘接或铆接等。例如，在一个具体的实施例中，车辆内饰件12通过螺栓安装于电池包112的外壳115，该螺栓可以穿过外壳115并固定于横梁117，使横梁117与外壳115一起承载车辆内饰件12。此外，车辆内饰件12可以穿过外壳115并安装于横梁117，使横梁117支撑车辆内饰件12；或者，车辆内饰件12也可以直接固定于外壳115。
上述车辆内饰件12可以为车座部、副仪表系统或护板等。以车座部为例，车座部可以包括车座本体和滑动支架。滑动支架固定于电池包的横梁117，车座本体与滑动支架连接，并可以沿滑动支架进行滑动。采用这种车座部，乘员可以根据自身的需要调节车座本 体的位置，以提高舒适性。
以上实施例中所使用的术语只是为了描述特定实施例的目的，而并非旨在作为对本申请的限制。如在本申请的说明书和所附权利要求书中所使用的那样，单数表达形式“一个”、“一种”、“所述”、“上述”、“该”和“这一”旨在也包括例如“一个或多个”这种表达形式，除非其上下文中明确地有相反指示。
在本说明书中描述的参考“一个实施例”或“一些实施例”等意味着在本申请的一个或多个实施例中包括结合该实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特点。由此，在本说明书中的不同之处出现的语句“在一个实施例中”、“在另一个实施例中”、“在一些实施例中”、“在其他一些实施例中”、“在另外一些实施例中”等不是必然都参考相同的实施例，而是意味着“一个或多个但不是所有的实施例”，除非是以其他方式另外特别强调。术语“包括”、“包含”、“具有”及它们的变形都意味着“包括但不限于”，除非是以其他方式另外特别强调。
以上，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种电池与车身一体化结构，其特征在于，包括车身框架和电池包，其中：
    所述车身框架具有容置空间和两个门槛梁，所述两个门槛梁平行设置，所述容置空间位于所述两个门槛梁之间；
    所述电池包设置于所述容置空间，所述电池包包括外壳、电芯组件和横梁，其中，所述电芯组件和所述横梁设置于所述外壳内，所述横梁与所述外壳固定连接，所述外壳安装于所述两个门槛梁，且所述横梁垂直于所述两个门槛梁。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的电池与车身一体化结构，其特征在于，所述横梁沿所述横梁的长度方向至少部分投影在所述门槛梁上。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的电池与车身一体化结构，其特征在于，所述外壳朝向所述门槛梁的侧面设置有凸沿，所述凸沿与所述门槛梁螺纹联接。
  4. 如权利要求1至3中任一项所述的电池与车身一体化结构，其特征在于，所述电池包包括多个横梁。
  5. 如权利要求1至4中任一项所述的电池与车身一体化结构，其特征在于，所述横梁为铝型材。
  6. 如权利要求1至5中任一项所述的电池与车身一体化结构，其特征在于，所述外壳用于承载车辆内饰件的表面为平面；或者，所述表面具有沿远离所述横梁的方向突出的突起部。
  7. 如权利要求1至6中任一项所述的电池与车身一体化结构，其特征在于，所述电池包与所述门槛梁之间具有装配间隙，所述装配间隙填充有密封胶或密封条。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的电池与车身一体化结构，其特征在于，所述装配间隙的宽度d≥5mm。
  9. 如权利要求1至8中任一项所述的电池与车身一体化结构，其特征在于，还包括加强件，所述加强件连接所述门槛梁和所述电池包的外壳。
  10. 一种电动汽车，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1至9中任一项所述的电池与车身一体化结构。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的电动汽车，其特征在于，还包括车辆内饰件，所述车辆内饰件安装于所述电池包的横梁。
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WO2020234141A1 (de) * 2019-05-22 2020-11-26 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Kraftfahrzeug mit einem elektrischen antrieb und einer karosserieintegrierten speicherzellenbaugruppe
CN212220399U (zh) * 2020-04-13 2020-12-25 恒大新能源汽车投资控股集团有限公司 一种车身及电动汽车
CN111516476A (zh) * 2020-05-27 2020-08-11 湖北亿纬动力有限公司 一种底盘组件及车辆

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CN117313442A (zh) * 2023-12-01 2023-12-29 江苏速豹动力科技有限公司 一种电动重卡用动力电池包设计方法及动力电池包
CN117313442B (zh) * 2023-12-01 2024-02-23 江苏速豹动力科技有限公司 一种电动重卡用动力电池包设计方法及动力电池包

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