WO2023036074A1 - 一种按键结构和电子设备 - Google Patents
一种按键结构和电子设备 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023036074A1 WO2023036074A1 PCT/CN2022/117002 CN2022117002W WO2023036074A1 WO 2023036074 A1 WO2023036074 A1 WO 2023036074A1 CN 2022117002 W CN2022117002 W CN 2022117002W WO 2023036074 A1 WO2023036074 A1 WO 2023036074A1
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- Prior art keywords
- key
- light
- button
- receiving unit
- groove
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
- H01H13/02—Details
- H01H13/12—Movable parts; Contacts mounted thereon
- H01H13/20—Driving mechanisms
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/16—Indicators for switching condition, e.g. "on" or "off"
- H01H9/161—Indicators for switching condition, e.g. "on" or "off" comprising light emitting elements
Definitions
- the present application belongs to the technical field of input devices, and in particular relates to a button structure and electronic equipment.
- buttons When the button is pressed hard, the button will move inward with the metal shrapnel, press down the built-in contact, and complete a button-triggered action. When the force applied to the button is released Finally, the spring of the internal mechanism will drive the button and the metal shrapnel to return.
- the above design has at least the following problems: During use, the button presses down on the metal dome and then triggers the built-in contact, so the stress on the metal dome will be relatively large. At this time, the deformation of the metal dome is relatively large, and it is easy to Metal fatigue occurs, and after long-term use, the resilience of the metal shrapnel will be insufficient, which will lead to poor contact between the button and the built-in contact.
- the purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a button structure and electronic equipment, which can solve the problem that the metal shrapnel in the prior art is prone to metal fatigue, and the metal shrapnel is prone to insufficient resilience after long-term use, which in turn leads to poor contact between the button and the built-in contact. question.
- the embodiment of the present application provides a button structure, the button structure includes:
- a key body, the key body can be movably inserted into the key through hole opened on the electronic equipment frame;
- the press detection assembly includes a transmitting unit, a receiving unit, a shading member and a control unit, the transmitting unit transmits an optical signal to the receiving unit, the transmitting unit and the receiving unit are connected to the control unit connected, the shading member is at least partially disposed between the transmitting unit and the receiving unit, the shading member is connected to the key body, and the shading member can be in the first state driven by the key body switch between the second state and the second state to change the intensity of the light signal received by the receiving unit, and the control unit judges whether the main body of the key is pressed according to the intensity of the light signal received by the receiving unit.
- the shading member includes a first shading sheet and a second shading sheet, the first shading sheet is fixedly connected to the key body, and the second shading sheet is fixedly arranged on the transmitting unit and the receiving unit. Between units, when the shading member is in the first state, the first shading sheet overlaps with the second shading sheet, and when the shading member is in the second state, the first shading sheet and the second shading sheet The two shading sheets are dislocated.
- the transmitting unit, the receiving unit, the second light-shielding sheet, and the control unit are all fixedly arranged on a circuit board, and the circuit board is arranged in an enclosed area of the frame.
- the receiving unit is a photodiode.
- the material of the shading member is a light-absorbing material or a shading material.
- the key body is made of conductive material, and the key body is also a measurement electrode of a measurement circuit, and the key structure further includes:
- a metal spring pin one end of the metal spring pin is connected to the key body, and the other end of the metal spring pin is connected to the circuit board.
- the button structure also includes:
- the elastic member is arranged between the frame body and the key body, and the elastic member can provide a reset force for the key body.
- the key body includes a key head and a key column fixedly connected to the key head, and a groove is provided on the frame body, and the key through hole is opened at the bottom of the groove, so that The key column can be movably inserted in the key through hole, and the elastic member is at least partially disposed in the groove.
- the elastic member is a spring
- the spring is arranged in the groove and sleeved outside the button post, one end of the spring is against the groove bottom of the groove, and the spring’s The other end is against the key head.
- the elastic member includes a first elastic plastic ring and a second elastic plastic ring, the diameter of the first elastic plastic ring is smaller than the diameter of the second elastic plastic ring, and the first elastic plastic ring sleeves fixed on the outer periphery of the key column and located in the groove, the second elastic plastic ring is fixedly arranged on the side of the key head facing the groove and located outside the groove, on the key body
- the first elastic plastic ring abuts against the bottom of the groove to generate deformation
- the second elastic plastic ring abuts to the frame to generate deformation.
- an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, and the electronic device includes the button structure as described in the first aspect.
- the button structure includes metal spring pins
- the electronic device further includes:
- a circuit board, the transmitting unit, the receiving unit, the second light-shielding sheet and the control unit are all arranged on the circuit board;
- An ECG measurement circuit the ECG measurement circuit is arranged on the circuit board, one end of the metal spring pin is connected to the key body, and the other end of the metal spring pin is connected to the ECG measurement circuit.
- the pressing judgment is realized according to the intensity of the optical signal received by the receiving unit, and the service life of the button structure is improved.
- the trigger logic is simple and the effect is good.
- FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a button structure in the related art
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a button structure provided in an embodiment of the present application in an unpressed state
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a key structure provided in an embodiment of the present application in a pressed state
- Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the metal spring provided by the embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the positions of the first elastic plastic ring and the second elastic plastic ring provided by the embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a button structure in the related art.
- a printed circuit board (Printed Circuit Board, PCB) is provided with a metal contact 13 on the board, and the metal shrapnel 12 is arranged in a hook shape, and one end of the metal shrapnel is fixedly connected to the PCB board, and the other One end is fixedly connected to the end of the button 11.
- the button 11 When the button 11 is applied with an external force, the button 11 presses down on the metal dome 12, thereby making contact with the metal contact 13 to realize the button function.
- the metal dome 12 exerts a rebound force to make Press button 11 to reset.
- the above-mentioned structure has at least the following problems: in the process of pressing down, the stress on the metal dome 12 will be relatively large. At this time, the deformation of the bend of the metal dome 12 is relatively large, and metal fatigue is prone to occur. After long-term use (that is, multiple times) After pressing), the metal dome 12 will be deformed and unable to return to its original position, that is, the resilience is insufficient, which will lead to poor contact between the button 11 and the built-in metal contact 13, resulting in poor button effect. At the same time, the metal dome 12 and the button 11 There will also be poor contact between them. Moreover, in some designs, the button 11 is made of a metal material as a measurement electrode for electrocardiogram (ECG) measurement.
- ECG electrocardiogram
- the button 11 If the button 11 is in poor contact with the built-in metal contact 13, the ECG signal cannot be captured, or The captured ECG signal is poor or even invalid, which in turn leads to a decrease in the accuracy of ECG measurement, and even makes it impossible to perform further analysis and processing of the ECG signal.
- Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a button structure provided by the embodiment of the present application in an unpressed state
- Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a button structure provided in the embodiment of the present application in a pressed state The schematic diagram below.
- the button structure in the embodiment of the present application is applied to an electronic device, the frame of the electronic device is provided with a key through hole, and the frame can be a metal middle frame of the electronic device, so
- the button structure includes a button body and a press detection component, the button body can be movably inserted into the button through hole opened on the frame of the electronic device, and the press detection component includes a transmitting unit, a receiving unit, a light shield and a control unit;
- the transmitting unit is used to transmit optical signals to the receiving unit, while the receiving unit can receive the optical signals emitted by the transmitting unit, and both the transmitting unit and the receiving unit are electrically connected to the control unit; Between them, the shading part is connected with the key body.
- the shading part will also move synchronously thereupon. Specifically, the shading part can be driven by the key body in the first state and the second state. During the switching process, the blocking degree of the light shielding member to the light signal emitted by the transmitting unit is different, thereby changing the intensity of the light signal received by the receiving unit, so that the control unit judges the main body of the key according to the intensity of the light signal received by the receiving unit is pressed.
- the pressing judgment is realized according to the intensity of the light signal received by the receiving unit, which improves the use of the key structure.
- button trigger logic is simple and effective.
- the shading member includes a first shading sheet and a second shading sheet, wherein the first shading sheet is fixedly connected to the key body, and the second shading sheet is fixedly arranged between the transmitting unit and the receiving unit; the shading member When in the first state, the first light-shielding sheet overlaps with the second light-shielding sheet, and when the light-shielding element is in the second state, the first light-shielding sheet and the second light-shielding sheet form a dislocation.
- the first light-shielding sheet overlaps the second light-shielding sheet at this time, since the first light-shielding sheet and the second light-shielding sheet are arranged at the emission Between the unit and the receiving unit, therefore, most of the optical signal sent by the transmitting unit is blocked by the first light-shielding sheet and the second light-shielding sheet, then the intensity of the light signal received by the receiving unit is weak at this time; In the case of pressing, the first light-shielding sheet originally overlapped with the second light-shielding sheet is separated from the second light-shielding sheet under the drive of the key body and is dislocated.
- the corresponding light-shielding piece is in the second state.
- the part of the optical signal sent by the unit can be transmitted to the receiving unit through the dislocation area between the first light-shielding sheet and the second light-shielding sheet.
- the intensity of the received light signal is used to determine whether the main body of the key is pressed.
- the transmitting unit, the receiving unit, the second light-shielding sheet and the control unit are all fixedly arranged on the circuit board, and the circuit board is arranged in the enclosing area of the frame and on the side of the key body.
- the transmitting unit is a light-emitting device such as a light-emitting diode or a laser tube.
- the transmitting unit is an infrared light-emitting diode
- the receiving unit is a photodiode.
- the infrared light-emitting diode and the photodiode have a structure The advantages of simplicity, convenient control, low cost, and small footprint.
- the first light-shielding sheet overlaps with the second light-shielding sheet, and since the first light-shielding sheet and the second light-shielding sheet are arranged between the infrared light-emitting diode and the photodiode, the infrared light-emitting diode Most of the emitted light signal is blocked by the first shading sheet and the second shading sheet, then the intensity of the light signal received by the photodiode is weak at this time, and the photocurrent generated is small, which can be recorded as I1; In the case of being pressed, the first light-shielding sheet originally overlapped with the second light-shielding sheet is separated from the second light-shielding sheet under the drive of the main body of the button and is dislocated.
- the light signal part emitted by the infrared LED can pass through the first light-shielding sheet.
- the material of the shading member is a light-absorbing material or a shading material. Due to the short distance between the transmitting unit and the receiving unit, the light-absorbing material or light-shielding material can be used to improve the blocking efficiency of the light signal.
- the light-absorbing material may be light-absorbing foam, light-absorbing silica gel, and the like.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of connection of the metal spring pin provided by the embodiment of the present application.
- the key body is made of a conductive material, and the key body is also used as a measurement electrode of a measurement circuit.
- the measurement circuit can be an ECG measurement circuit, which can be used to measure human body
- the main body of the key is used as one of the measuring electrodes of the measuring circuit.
- the key structure also includes a metal spring pin, and one end of the metal spring pin is connected to the key main body, specifically The part of the key body located inside the frame is connected, and the other end of the metal spring pin is connected to the circuit board, specifically to the measuring circuit on the circuit board.
- the key body can not only realize the key function, but also can be used as the measurement electrode of the measurement circuit to achieve multiplexing; and, because the key body is always in good contact with the measurement circuit, there will be no poor contact, and the measurement results can be achieved.
- the metal spring pin can also have a supporting (connecting) function, that is, it is equivalent to a guide rail, which can support the left and right movement of the key body, and improve the consistency of the path of the key body during the pressing process.
- the button structure further includes: an elastic member, the elastic member is arranged between the frame body and the button main body, and the elastic member can provide a reset force for the button main body. That is to say, when the key body is pressed, the elastic member generates elastic deformation to accumulate elastic force, and after the external force pressing the key body is removed, the elastic member releases the elastic force to act on the key body to return the key body to its original position.
- the key body includes a key head and a key post fixedly connected to the key head, and a groove is provided on the frame body, and the key through hole is opened at the bottom of the groove, and the key post can be It is movably inserted in the key through hole, and the elastic member is at least partially arranged in the groove. Therefore, the groove can be used for accommodating the elastic member, and also plays a certain guiding role.
- the elastic member is a spring
- the spring is arranged in the groove and sleeved outside the button column, and one end of the spring is against the groove bottom of the groove, so The other end of the spring is against the button head.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the positions of the first elastic plastic ring and the second elastic plastic ring provided by the embodiment of the present application.
- the elastic member adopts an elastic plastic ring.
- the elastic member includes a first elastic plastic ring and a second elastic plastic ring, and the diameter of the first elastic plastic ring is smaller than that of the second elastic ring.
- the first elastic plastic ring can seal the through hole of the button, and the second elastic plastic ring can seal the groove, so as to play a dustproof effect.
- the pressing judgment is realized according to the intensity of the optical signal received by the receiving unit, which improves the service life of the key structure .
- the button trigger logic is simple and the effect is good.
- Another embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, the electronic device includes the button structure described in any of the above embodiments, and has the same technical effect as the above button structure, in order to avoid repetition, it is not repeated here Let me repeat.
- the button structure includes metal spring pins
- the electronic device further includes a circuit board and an ECG measurement circuit, wherein the transmitting unit, the receiving unit, the second shading sheet and The control units are all arranged on the circuit board, and the circuit board can be arranged in the enclosing area of the frame and directly below the key body; the ECG measurement circuit is also arranged on the circuit board, One end of the metal spring pin is connected to the key body, and the other end of the metal spring pin is connected to the ECG measurement circuit.
- the key body is made of metal material, which can be used as a measurement electrode of the ECG measurement circuit, and is passed through the metal spring. The pin remains connected to the ECG measurement circuit, thereby enabling the electronic device to perform ECG measurement.
- the ECG measurement circuit includes a plurality of measurement electrodes in addition to a measurement electrode formed by the key body. Contact, while the main body of the button does not contact the surface of the human body.
- the ECG measurement circuit uses the ECG measurement circuit to measure the ECG electrical signal, multiple measurement electrodes are in contact with the user's body surface to obtain the ECG electrical signal, and the user further presses the key body by hand, and the ECG measurement circuit also passes the metal spring pin and the key body. Obtain the ECG electrical signal of the human body, and finally realize the ECG measurement together.
- the key body is only used as a part of the key structure to realize the key function.
- the electronic device may be a device such as a smart watch or a smart bracelet.
- the pressing judgment is realized according to the intensity of the optical signal received by the receiving unit, and the service life of the button structure is improved.
- the trigger logic is simple and the effect is good.
- the term “comprising”, “comprising” or any other variation thereof is intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion such that a process, method, article or apparatus comprising a set of elements includes not only those elements, It also includes other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent in the process, method, article, or device. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase “comprising a " does not preclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus comprising that element.
- the scope of the methods and devices in the embodiments of the present application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, and may also include performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in reverse order according to the functions involved. Functions are performed, for example, the described methods may be performed in an order different from that described, and various steps may also be added, omitted, or combined. Additionally, features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.
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Abstract
本申请公开了一种按键结构和电子设备，属于输入装置技术领域。所述按键结构包括：按键主体，所述按键主体可活动地插设在电子设备框体上开设的按键通孔内；按压检测组件，所述按压检测组件包括发射单元、接收单元、遮光件以及控制单元，所述发射单元向所述接收单元发射光信号，遮光件可在按键主体的带动下在第一状态和第二状态之间切换，以改变接收单元接收到的光信号强度，所述控制单元根据所述接收单元接收到的光信号强度判断所述按键主体是否被按压。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请主张在2021年09月10日在中国提交的中国专利申请No.202111061062.X的优先权，其全部内容通过引用包含于此。
本申请属于输入装置技术领域，具体涉及一种按键结构和电子设备。
目前市面上常见的智能设备通常设置有按键，当按键被用力按下时，按键会带着金属弹片内移，下压内置触点，完成一个按键触发的动作，而当按键上施加的力释放后，内部机构的弹簧会带动按键和金属弹片回位。
然而，上述设计至少存在以下问题：在使用过程中，按键通过下压金属弹片然后触发内置触点，因此金属弹片承受的应力会相对较大，此时金属弹片折弯处的形变比较大，容易出现金属疲劳，长期使用后会出现金属弹片回弹力不足，继而导致按键与内置触点接触不良。
发明内容
本申请实施例的目的是提供一种按键结构和电子设备，能够解决现有技术中金属弹片容易出现金属疲劳，长期使用后容易出现金属弹片回弹力不足，继而导致按键与内置触点接触不良的问题。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种按键结构，该按键结构包括：
按键主体，所述按键主体可活动地插设在电子设备框体上开设的按键通孔内；
按压检测组件，所述按压检测组件包括发射单元、接收单元、遮光件以及控制单元，所述发射单元向所述接收单元发射光信号，所述发射单元和所述接收单元均与所述控制单元连接，所述遮光件至少部分设置于所述发射单 元和所述接收单元之间，所述遮光件与所述按键主体连接，所述遮光件可在所述按键主体的带动下在第一状态和第二状态之间切换，以改变所述接收单元接收到的光信号强度，所述控制单元根据所述接收单元接收到的光信号强度判断所述按键主体是否被按压。
可选的，所述遮光件包括第一遮光片和第二遮光片，所述第一遮光片与所述按键主体固定连接，所述第二遮光片固定设置于所述发射单元和所述接收单元之间，所述遮光件处于第一状态时，所述第一遮光片与所述第二遮光片搭接，所述遮光件处于第二状态时，所述第一遮光片与所述第二遮光片形成错位。
可选的，所述发射单元、所述接收单元、所述第二遮光片以及所述控制单元均固定设置于电路板上，所述电路板设置于所述框体的围合区域内。
可选的，所述接收单元为光电二极管。
可选的，所述遮光件的材质为吸光性材料或遮光材料。
可选的，所述按键主体为导电材质，所述按键主体还为一测量电路的测量电极，所述按键结构还包括：
金属弹针，所述金属弹针的一端与所述按键主体连接，所述金属弹针的另一端与电路板连接。
可选的，所述按键结构还包括：
弹性件，所述弹性件设置于所述框体和所述按键主体之间，所述弹性件可为所述按键主体提供复位力。
可选的，所述按键主体包括按键头以及与所述按键头固定连接的按键柱，所述框体上还开设有一凹槽，所述按键通孔开设于所述凹槽的槽底，所述按键柱可活动地插设在所述按键通孔内，所述弹性件至少部分设置于所述凹槽内。
可选的，所述弹性件为弹簧，所述弹簧设置于所述凹槽内且套设在所述按键柱外，所述弹簧的一端与所述凹槽的槽底相抵，所述弹簧的另一端与所述按键头相抵。
可选的，所述弹性件包括第一弹性塑胶环和第二弹性塑胶环，所述第一弹性塑胶环的直径小于所述第二弹性塑胶环的直径，所述第一弹性塑胶环套设固定于所述按键柱外周且位于所述凹槽内，所述第二弹性塑胶环固定设置于所述按键头的朝向所述凹槽的一面且位于所述凹槽外，在所述按键主体被按压的情况下，所述第一弹性塑胶环与所述凹槽的槽底相抵以产生形变，所述第二弹性塑胶环与所述框体相抵以产生形变。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供了一种电子设备，所述电子设备包括如第一方面所述的按键结构。
可选的，所述按键结构包括金属弹针，所述电子设备还包括：
电路板，所述发射单元、所述接收单元、所述第二遮光片以及所述控制单元均设置于所述电路板上；
ECG测量电路，所述ECG测量电路设置于所述电路板上，所述金属弹针的一端与所述按键主体连接，所述金属弹针的另一端与所述ECG测量电路连接。
在本申请实施例中，通过利用按键主体改变发射单元和接收单元之间的遮光件的遮光效果，从而根据接收单元接收到的光信号强度来实现按压判断，提高了按键结构的使用寿命，按键触发逻辑简单、效果好。
图1为相关技术中的按键结构的结构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种按键结构处于未被按压状态下的示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的一种按键结构处于被按压状态下的示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的金属弹针的连接示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的第一弹性塑胶环和第二弹性塑胶环的位置示意图。
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
本申请的说明书和权利要求书中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别类似的对象，而不用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的数据在适当情况下可以互换，以便本申请的实施例能够以除了在这里图示或描述的那些以外的顺序实施，且“第一”、“第二”等所区分的对象通常为一类，并不限定对象的个数，例如第一对象可以是一个，也可以是多个。此外，说明书以及权利要求中“和/或”表示所连接对象的至少其中之一，字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
下面结合附图，通过具体的实施例及其应用场景对本申请实施例提供的按键结构和电子设备进行详细地说明。
请参考图1，图1为相关技术中的按键结构的结构示意图。如图1所示，相关技术中，印制电路板(Printed Circuit Board，PCB)板上设置有金属触点13，金属弹片12呈弯钩状设置，金属弹片的一端与PCB板固定连接，另一端与按键11的端部固定连接，在按键11被施加外力时，按键11下压金属弹片12，从而与金属触点13接触，实现按键功能，当外力撤去后，金属弹片12施加回弹力使按键11复位。然而，上述结构至少存在以下问题：在下压过程中，金属弹片12承受的应力会相对较大，此时金属弹片12折弯处的形变比较大，容易出现金属疲劳，长期使用后(即多次按压后)会出现金属弹片12发生形变且无法恢复至原位，即回弹力不足，继而导致按键11与内置的金属触点13接触不良，导致按键效果不佳，同时，金属弹片12和按键11之间也会出现接触变差的情况。并且，在一些设计中，按键11采用金属材料制作，作为心电图(electrocardiogram，ECG)测量的一个测量电极，若按键11与内置的金属触点13接触不良，也会导致无法捕捉到ECG信号，或者捕捉到的ECG信号很差甚至无效，继而导致ECG测量的准确度下降，甚至无 法进行ECG信号的下一步分析处理。
由此，请参考图2和图3，图2为本申请实施例提供的一种按键结构处于未被按压状态下的示意图，图3为本申请实施例提供的一种按键结构处于被按压状态下的示意图。如图2和图3所示，本申请实施例中的按键结构应用于电子设备，所述电子设备的框体上开设有按键通孔，框体可以是所述电子设备的金属中框，所述按键结构包括按键主体以及按压检测组件，按键主体即可活动地插设在电子设备的框体上开设的按键通孔内，按压检测组件则包括发射单元、接收单元、遮光件以及控制单元；其中，发射单元用于向接收单元发射光信号，而接收单元则可以接收发射单元发射的光信号，发射单元和接收单元均与控制单元电性连接；遮光件至少部分设置在发射单元和接收单元之间，遮光件与按键主体连接，若按键主体在按键通孔内活动时，遮光件也将随之同步运动，具体的，遮光件可在按键主体的带动下在第一状态和第二状态之间切换，在切换过程中，遮光件对发射单元发射的光信号的阻挡程度不同，从而改变接收单元接收到的光信号强度，从而，控制单元根据接收单元接收到的光信号强度判断按键主体是否被按压。
由此，在本申请实施例中，通过利用按键主体改变发射单元和接收单元之间的遮光件的遮光效果，从而根据接收单元接收到的光信号强度来实现按压判断，提高了按键结构的使用寿命，按键触发逻辑简单、效果好。
本申请的一些实施例中，遮光件包括第一遮光片和第二遮光片，其中，第一遮光片与按键主体固定连接，第二遮光片固定设置在发射单元和接收单元之间；遮光件处于第一状态时，第一遮光片与第二遮光片搭接，遮光件处于第二状态时，第一遮光片与第二遮光片形成错位。也就是说，在按键主体未被按压的情况下，对应于遮光件处于第一状态，此时第一遮光片与第二遮光片搭接，由于第一遮光片和第二遮光片设置在发射单元和接收单元之间，因此，发射单元发出的光信号绝大部分被第一遮光片和第二遮光片所遮挡，则此时接收单元接收到的光信号强度较弱；而在按键主体被按压的情况下，原本与第二遮光片搭接的第一遮光片在按键主体的带动下，与第二遮光片分 离而产生错位，此时即对应于遮光件处于第二状态，因此，发射单元发出的光信号部分可以通过第一遮光片和第二遮光片之间的错位区域传输到接收单元，则此时接收单元接收到的光信号强度较强，从而，控制单元可根据接收单元接收到的光信号强度来判断按键主体是否被按压。
在一些实施例中，发射单元、接收单元、第二遮光片以及控制单元均固定设置于电路板上，而电路板则设置于框体的围合区域内，并位于按键主体的侧方。
在本申请的一些实施例中，可选的，发射单元为发光二极管或激光管等发光器件，示例性的，发射单元为红外发光二极管，接收单元为光电二极管，红外发光二极管和光电二极管具有结构简单，控制方便，成本低，占用空间小的优点。其中，在按键主体未被按压的情况下，第一遮光片与第二遮光片搭接，由于第一遮光片和第二遮光片设置在红外发光二极管和光电二极管之间，因此，红外发光二极管发出的光信号绝大部分被第一遮光片和第二遮光片所遮挡，则此时光电二极管接收到的光信号强度较弱，产生的光电流较小，可以记为I1；而在按键主体被按压的情况下，原本与第二遮光片搭接的第一遮光片在按键主体的带动下，与第二遮光片分离而产生错位，因此，红外发光二极管发出的光信号部分可以通过第一遮光片和第二遮光片之间的错位区域传输到光电二极管，则此时光电二极管接收到的光信号强度较强，产生的光电流较大，可以记为I2，则按键主体被按压前/后的光电流变化量△I＝I2-I1，由此，控制单元可根据光电流变化量来判断按键主体是否被按压。
在本申请的另一些实施例中，遮光件的材质为吸光材料或遮光材料。由于发射单元和接收单元之间距离较近，采用吸光性材料或遮光材料可以提高对光信号的阻隔效率。可选的，吸光材料可以为吸光泡棉、吸光硅胶等。
请参考图4，图4为本申请实施例提供的金属弹针的连接示意图。如图4所示，本申请的一些实施例中，按键主体为导电材质，按键主体还作为一测量电路的测量电极，示例性的，所述测量电路可以是ECG测量电路，可以用于测量人体生物电信号以获取心电图，按键主体即作为所述测量电路的其中一个测量电极，为了实现与该测量电极的连接，按键结构还包括金属弹针， 金属弹针的一端与按键主体连接，具体为按键主体的位于框体内侧的部分连接，而金属弹针的另一端则与电路板连接，具体为与电路板上的测量电路连接。由此，按键主体既可以实现按键功能，也可以作为测量电路的测量电极，实现复用；并且，由于按键主体始终与测量电路保持良好的接触，因此不会发生接触不良的情况，测量结果能够得到有效保证；此外，金属弹针还可以具有支撑(连接)作用，即相当于导轨，可以支撑按键主体左右运动，提高了按键主体在按压过程中路径的一致性。
本申请的另一些实施例中，所述按键结构还包括：弹性件，弹性件设置于框体和按键主体之间，弹性件可为按键主体提供复位力。也就是说，在按键主体被按压时，弹性件产生弹性形变积蓄弹性力，而在按压按键主体的外力撤去后，弹性件释放弹性力作用在按键主体上使按键主体恢复原位。
在一些实施例中，可选的，按键主体包括按键头以及与按键头固定连接的按键柱，框体上还开设有一凹槽，按键通孔开设于所述凹槽的槽底，按键柱可活动地插设在按键通孔内，弹性件至少部分设置于所述凹槽内。从而，所述凹槽可以用于容置弹性件，也起到一定的导向作用。
在一些可选的实施方式中，弹性件为弹簧，所述弹簧设置于所述凹槽内且套设在所述按键柱外，所述弹簧的一端与所述凹槽的槽底相抵，所述弹簧的另一端与所述按键头相抵。在按键主体被按压时，所述弹簧被压缩而积蓄弹性力，在按压按键主体的外力撤去后，所述弹簧释放弹性力使按键主体复位。采用弹簧的结构具有成本低、设置简单的优点，但是容易使整个按键结构不密封，存在漏尘的问题。
请参考图5，图5为本申请实施例提供的第一弹性塑胶环和第二弹性塑胶环的位置示意图。如图5所示，本申请的另一些实施例中，弹性件采用弹性塑胶环，具体的，弹性件包括第一弹性塑胶环和第二弹性塑胶环，第一弹性塑胶环的直径小于第二弹性塑胶环的直径，第一弹性塑胶环套设固定于所述按键柱外周且位于所述凹槽内，第二弹性塑胶环固定设置于按键头的朝向所述凹槽的一面且位于所述凹槽外，在按键主体被按压的情况下，第一弹性 塑胶环与所述凹槽的槽底相抵以产生形变，所述第二弹性塑胶环与所述框体相抵以产生形变，从而，当按压按键主体的外力撤去后，第一弹性塑胶环和第二弹性塑胶环可以同时释放弹力(复位力)使按键主体复位，而且，第一弹性塑胶环和第二弹性塑胶环可以对按键结构进行密封，也即，第一弹性塑胶环可以对按键通孔进行密封，第二弹性塑胶环可以对所述凹槽进行密封，从而起到防尘的效果。
总之，在本申请实施例中，通过利用按键主体改变发射单元和接收单元之间的遮光件的遮光效果，从而根据接收单元接收到的光信号强度来实现按压判断，提高了按键结构的使用寿命，按键触发逻辑简单、效果好。
本申请另一方面实施例提供了一种电子设备，所述电子设备包括如上述任一实施例中所述的按键结构，且具有与上述按键结构相同的技术效果，为避免重复，在此不再赘述。
在本申请的一些实施例中，所述按键结构包括金属弹针，所述电子设备还包括电路板和ECG测量电路，其中，所述发射单元、所述接收单元、所述第二遮光片以及所述控制单元均设置于所述电路板上，而电路板则可以设置在框体的围合区域内，并位于按键主体的正下方；所述ECG测量电路也设置于所述电路板上，所述金属弹针的一端与所述按键主体连接，所述金属弹针的另一端与所述ECG测量电路连接，按键主体采用金属材质，可以作为ECG测量电路的一个测量电极，并通过金属弹针保持与ECG测量电路的连接，从而使电子设备具备ECG测量功能。可选的，ECG测量电路除按键主体构成的一个测量电极之外，还包括多个测量电极，在用户穿戴该电子设备时，除按键主体构成的一个测量电极之外的其他测量电极与人体表面接触，而按键主体则不与人体表面接触。在利用ECG测量电路测量ECG电信号时，多个测量电极与用户的体表相接触以获取ECG电信号，而用户还进一步通过用手按压按键主体，ECG测量电路还通过金属弹针以及按键主体获取人体的ECG电信号，最终共同实现ECG测量，而不进行ECG测量时，按键主体则仅作为按键结构的组成部分实现按键功能。
其中，所述电子设备可以是智能手表、智能手环等设备。
在本申请实施例中，通过利用按键主体改变发射单元和接收单元之间的遮光件的遮光效果，从而根据接收单元接收到的光信号强度来实现按压判断，提高了按键结构的使用寿命，按键触发逻辑简单、效果好。
需要说明的是，在本文中，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者装置不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者装置所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括该要素的过程、方法、物品或者装置中还存在另外的相同要素。此外，需要指出的是，本申请实施方式中的方法和装置的范围不限按示出或讨论的顺序来执行功能，还可包括根据所涉及的功能按基本同时的方式或按相反的顺序来执行功能，例如，可以按不同于所描述的次序来执行所描述的方法，并且还可以添加、省去、或组合各种步骤。另外，参照某些示例所描述的特征可在其他示例中被组合。
上面结合附图对本申请的实施例进行了描述，但是本申请并不局限于上述的具体实施方式，上述的具体实施方式仅仅是示意性的，而不是限制性的，本领域的普通技术人员在本申请的启示下，在不脱离本申请宗旨和权利要求所保护的范围情况下，还可做出很多形式，均属于本申请的保护之内。
Claims (12)
- 一种按键结构，包括：按键主体，所述按键主体可活动地插设在电子设备框体上开设的按键通孔内；按压检测组件，所述按压检测组件包括发射单元、接收单元、遮光件以及控制单元，所述发射单元向所述接收单元发射光信号，所述发射单元和所述接收单元均与所述控制单元连接，所述遮光件至少部分设置于所述发射单元和所述接收单元之间，所述遮光件与所述按键主体连接，所述遮光件可在所述按键主体的带动下在第一状态和第二状态之间切换，以改变所述接收单元接收到的光信号强度，所述控制单元根据所述接收单元接收到的光信号强度判断所述按键主体是否被按压。
- 根据权利要求1所述的按键结构，其中，所述遮光件包括第一遮光片和第二遮光片，所述第一遮光片与所述按键主体固定连接，所述第二遮光片固定设置于所述发射单元和所述接收单元之间，所述遮光件处于第一状态时，所述第一遮光片与所述第二遮光片搭接，所述遮光件处于第二状态时，所述第一遮光片与所述第二遮光片形成错位。
- 根据权利要求2所述的按键结构，其中，所述发射单元、所述接收单元、所述第二遮光片以及所述控制单元均固定设置于电路板上，所述电路板设置于所述框体的围合区域内。
- 根据权利要求1所述的按键结构，其中，所述接收单元为光电二极管。
- 根据权利要求1所述的按键结构，其中，所述遮光件的材质为吸光材料或遮光材料。
- 根据权利要求1所述的按键结构，其中，所述按键主体为导电材质，所述按键主体还为一测量电路的测量电极，所述按键结构还包括：金属弹针，所述金属弹针的一端与所述按键主体连接，所述金属弹针的另一端与电路板连接。
- 根据权利要求1所述的按键结构，还包括：弹性件，所述弹性件设置于所述框体和所述按键主体之间，所述弹性件可为所述按键主体提供复位力。
- 根据权利要求7所述的按键结构，其中，所述按键主体包括按键头以及与所述按键头固定连接的按键柱，所述框体上还开设有一凹槽，所述按键通孔开设于所述凹槽的槽底，所述按键柱可活动地插设在所述按键通孔内，所述弹性件至少部分设置于所述凹槽内。
- 根据权利要求8所述的按键结构，其中，所述弹性件为弹簧，所述弹簧设置于所述凹槽内且套设在所述按键柱外，所述弹簧的一端与所述凹槽的槽底相抵，所述弹簧的另一端与所述按键头相抵。
- 根据权利要求8所述的按键结构，其中，所述弹性件包括第一弹性塑胶环和第二弹性塑胶环，所述第一弹性塑胶环的直径小于所述第二弹性塑胶环的直径，所述第一弹性塑胶环套设固定于所述按键柱外周且位于所述凹槽内，所述第二弹性塑胶环固定设置于所述按键头的朝向所述凹槽的一面且位于所述凹槽外，在所述按键主体被按压的情况下，所述第一弹性塑胶环与所述凹槽的槽底相抵以产生形变，所述第二弹性塑胶环与所述框体相抵以产生形变。
- 一种电子设备，所述电子设备包括如权利要求1-10中任一项所述的按键结构。
- 根据权利要求11所述的电子设备，其中，所述按键结构包括金属弹针，所述电子设备还包括：电路板，所述发射单元、所述接收单元、第二遮光片以及所述控制单元均设置于所述电路板上；ECG测量电路，所述ECG测量电路设置于所述电路板上，所述金属弹针的一端与所述按键主体连接，所述金属弹针的另一端与所述ECG测量电路连接。
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