WO2023035786A1 - 一种新型多用途可调节式吊梁及吊运方法 - Google Patents

一种新型多用途可调节式吊梁及吊运方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023035786A1
WO2023035786A1 PCT/CN2022/107091 CN2022107091W WO2023035786A1 WO 2023035786 A1 WO2023035786 A1 WO 2023035786A1 CN 2022107091 W CN2022107091 W CN 2022107091W WO 2023035786 A1 WO2023035786 A1 WO 2023035786A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
crane
hanger
hanging
main
hoisting
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2022/107091
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
谭志国
高鹏
姚飞雄
朱歆玥
杨天冉
Original Assignee
中国长江三峡集团有限公司
中国三峡建工(集团)有限公司
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Application filed by 中国长江三峡集团有限公司, 中国三峡建工(集团)有限公司 filed Critical 中国长江三峡集团有限公司
Priority to DE112022000099.6T priority Critical patent/DE112022000099T5/de
Priority to JP2023518497A priority patent/JP2023545251A/ja
Priority to US18/027,562 priority patent/US20240025704A1/en
Publication of WO2023035786A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023035786A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
    • B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
    • B66C1/22—Rigid members, e.g. L-shaped members, with parts engaging the under surface of the loads; Crane hooks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
    • B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
    • B66C13/04—Auxiliary devices for controlling movements of suspended loads, or preventing cable slack
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
    • B66C13/04—Auxiliary devices for controlling movements of suspended loads, or preventing cable slack
    • B66C13/08—Auxiliary devices for controlling movements of suspended loads, or preventing cable slack for depositing loads in desired attitudes or positions
    • B66C13/085—Auxiliary devices for controlling movements of suspended loads, or preventing cable slack for depositing loads in desired attitudes or positions electrical
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
    • B66C23/72—Counterweights or supports for balancing lifting couples
    • B66C23/74—Counterweights or supports for balancing lifting couples separate from jib
    • B66C23/76—Counterweights or supports for balancing lifting couples separate from jib and movable to take account of variations of load or of variations of length of jib

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of hoisting, in particular to a novel multipurpose adjustable hanging beam and a hoisting method.
  • Lifting equipment often adopts the hoisting method of lifting beams when performing multi-machine lifting or complex hoisting conditions.
  • the lifting beam is a special spreader for loading and unloading heavy goods and components, and it is necessary to accurately find heavy objects when lifting heavy objects
  • the position of the center of gravity accurately distributes the load of each lifting point to ensure the safe and reliable operation of the lifting beam.
  • the existing hanging beam is a fixed type with upper and lower hanging points, and the structure is simple.
  • the suspension beam structure is composed of a large balance beam, a small balance beam nested in the large balance beam, and a spreader. The lifting beam lifts the heavy objects through the rigging to realize the handling, loading and unloading of the heavy objects.
  • Cipheral patent literature CN208266824U describes a balance pulley device for adjusting the deviation of the lifting point, including a pulley block, which is characterized in that: it also includes a first hanging plate, a second hanging plate, a transverse hanging beam, a bolt connection pair and a frame mounted on the frame.
  • the first hanging plate and the second hanging plate are all fixed on the lower surface of the transverse suspension beam.
  • the hinge part includes a hinge fixing seat and a hinge shaft. On the frame, the upper part of the hinge fixing seat is rotatably connected with the horizontal suspension beam through the hinge shaft.
  • the pulley block includes a first balance pulley and a second balance pulley, and the first balance pulley is installed on one end of the horizontal suspension beam through the first suspension plate. , the second balance pulley is installed on the other end of the transverse suspension beam through the second suspension plate.
  • the utility model can realize real-time and dynamic adjustment of the balance of the two lifting points during the operation of the hoist without shutting down the hoist for maintenance, and can effectively guarantee the operation stability of the hoist.
  • this structure cannot meet the requirements of adjustable hoisting weight and amplitude of the lifting equipment, nor can it meet the requirements of the limit extension of the lifting equipment.
  • the suspension beam with adjustable upper and lower lifting points cannot meet the multi-occasion and multi-functional requirements. The usage is flawed and needs improvement.
  • the invention provides a novel multi-purpose adjustable lifting beam and a lifting method, which solves the requirement that the lifting weight and amplitude of the lifting equipment cannot be adjusted, and the requirement of the limit extension of the lifting equipment amplitude cannot be met.
  • the lifting beam with adjustable lifting point cannot be carried out, and the problem of being unable to meet the needs of multiple occasions and multi-functions.
  • a new type of multi-purpose adjustable suspension beam including two parallel main beams, the two ends of the two main beams are respectively connected with the end beams, and on the main beams
  • a screw rod is provided between the two main girders.
  • the shifting hanger is threadedly connected to the screw rod.
  • One end of the screw rod is provided with a first motor.
  • a reduction box is arranged between the rods, one end of the screw rod is connected with the reduction box, and the first motor and the reduction box are installed on the end beam.
  • the displacement hanger includes a hanger main body, and a through groove is provided on the hanger main body, and at least one suction solenoid valve is arranged in the through groove, one end of the suction solenoid valve is connected with the silk tile, and the other end of the suction solenoid valve is Installed on the main body of the hanger, the silk tile is threaded with the screw rod.
  • a return spring is provided between the silk tile and the main body of the hanger, upper lugs are provided on the top of the main body of the hanger, and lower lugs are provided at the bottom of the main body of the hanger.
  • the two sides of the main body of the hanger are provided with retractable positioning pins, the main body of the hanger is provided with a pinning motor, and one end of the pinning motor is provided with a pinning oil pump, and the pinning oil pump is connected to the positioning pin through a telescopic oil cylinder;
  • the side plates are provided with traveling wheels hinged to the side plates, and the traveling wheels slide against the beam track, and the main body of the hanger is provided with a position sensor and a weight sensor device.
  • At least one screw rod is provided between the two main beams, and a bearing seat is provided between the two main beams.
  • the bearing seat is arranged at the center or eccentric position of the main beam, and a bearing is provided on the bearing seat.
  • the bearing seat is swivel connected.
  • a new multi-purpose adjustable lifting beam lifting method is: when using a single first crane:
  • the hook of the first crane is in place in the air, and the first crane is connected to two of the shift hangers on the suspension beam device;
  • At least two of the shift hangers on the hanging beam device hang the counterweight box or at least one weight at the bottom, and add the calculated appropriate amount of counterweight to the counterweight grid of the counterweight box through matching calculation or program automatic calculation piece;
  • the first crane is lifted, and the power supply control cabinet is automatically controlled manually or by the system according to the program, so that the shift hanger with heavy objects or counterweight boxes is moved on the main beam with equal torque, so that the suspension beam device adjusts its posture in the air , to maintain dynamic balance;
  • the first crane lifts the heavy object to the target position, and the heavy object is unhooked after it is in place.
  • the power supply control cabinet is controlled at any time by manual or system according to the program, and the posture of the hanging beam device is adjusted to maintain dynamic balance;
  • the crane hook is in place in the air, and one or more cranes are connected to a plurality of displacement cranes on the suspension beam device;
  • the power supply control cabinet is automatically controlled manually or by the system according to the program, so that the crane hook, hanging counterweight box or heavy object shifting hanger is moved on the main girder in a torque matching manner to dynamically move in the air Adjust the relative position of the crane hook, counterweight box or weight on the suspension beam to maintain dynamic balance;
  • the crane lifts one of the suspended heavy objects to the target position, and the heavy object is unhooked after it is in place.
  • the power supply control cabinet is automatically controlled manually or by the system according to the program, and the attitude of the hanging beam device is adjusted to maintain dynamic balance;
  • S1 one or more crane hooks are in place in the air, and the cranes are connected to the upper lugs on the shift hanger;
  • the two ends of the hanging object are respectively connected to the lower lugs of the two shift hangers through wire ropes, and a remote control electric hoist is installed on the connecting rope between one end of the hanging object and the lower lug of the shift hanger;
  • the first crane and the second crane rotate to the hook drop position, unload the heavy objects, and complete the hoisting.
  • the beneficial effects of the present invention are: two main girders and two end girders connected at both ends, thereby forming an overall stable structure, the combination of the main girder and the end girders can use light and stable structures such as box girders or I-beams, It is preferable to use two parallel box girders as the main beam, and the two ends are connected by box-type end beams to form an overall stable structure.
  • Multiple shift hangers can be dynamically adjusted on the main girder, and multiple shift hangers can realize the lifting of multiple weights or counterweight boxes of different weights under the suspension beam device.
  • the hanging beam device can collect information such as the position of the shifting hanger attached to the crane hook at any time, as well as the position and hoisting weight of the hanging weight or counterweight shifting hanger, and then through the automatic calculation of the control system program, in ensuring On the basis of dynamic balance, the shift hanger is driven to slide on the main girder, and the force arm of the weight or the counterweight box is adjusted to form a moment balance between the suspended weights or between the weight and the counterweight box, so as to meet the requirements of the fixed crane.
  • This device can well meet the demand for dynamic adjustment of the crane's lifting point.
  • the shift hanger, the lower weight and the counterweight box move synchronously to maintain the overall dynamic balance. Synchronized adjustment, the suspension beam device will lose balance and cause safety problems.
  • the hanging beam device has the advantages of simple structure, strong versatility, and automatic adjustment.
  • the transition of the state and the maintenance of the overall dynamic balance can avoid the loss of balance when the heavy object needs to turn over in the air and cause safety problems.
  • the existing technology needs to use two or more lifting equipment to cooperate with the turning over of the heavy object.
  • This device and method only needs to use one lifting equipment, which greatly saves labor and labor. Time and optimize the construction steps on site, improve economic benefits, reduce the probability of safety accidents, and have great promotion value.
  • Fig. 1 is the top view of overall structure of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a side view of the overall structure of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of A-A in Fig. 1 when the pull-in solenoid valve of the present invention is disconnected and the positioning pin is stretched out;
  • Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of A-A in Fig. 1 when the pull-in solenoid valve of the present invention is closed and the positioning pin is stretched out;
  • Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of A-A in Fig. 1 when the pull-in solenoid valve of the present invention is disconnected and the positioning pin is retracted;
  • Fig. 6 is the front view of counterweight box of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of hoisting with the amplitude extending outward when using a crane in the present invention
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the present invention using a crane to extend into the hole for hoisting
  • Fig. 9 is the first schematic diagram of the present invention using a crane to simultaneously lift multiple objects
  • Fig. 10 is a second schematic diagram of the present invention using a crane to simultaneously lift multiple objects
  • Fig. 11 is a third schematic diagram of the present invention using a crane to simultaneously lift multiple objects
  • Fig. 12 is a fourth schematic diagram of the present invention using a crane to simultaneously lift multiple objects
  • Fig. 13 is the first schematic diagram of the present invention when the crane is used to turn over the suspended object
  • Fig. 14 is a second schematic diagram of the present invention when using a crane to turn over a suspended object
  • Fig. 15 is a third schematic diagram of the present invention when using a crane to turn over a suspended object
  • Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the present invention using two cranes to adjust the lifting point for full-load hoisting
  • main beam 1 receiving hole 101; beam track 102; end beam 2; shift hanger 3; hanger main body 301; return spring 302; suction solenoid valve 303; positioning pin 304; traveling wheel 305; upper lifting lug 306; lower lifting lug 307; silk tile 308; through groove 309; side plate 310; position sensor 4; Battery 11; power supply control cabinet 12; solar panel 13; weight sensor 14; first crane 15; second crane 16; electric hoist 17; counterweight box 18; counterweight grid 1801; counterweight 1802.
  • a new type of multi-purpose adjustable suspension beam includes two parallel main beams 1, the two ends of the two main beams 1 are respectively connected with the end beams 2, and there are multiple
  • the displacement hanger 3 that slides relative to the main beam 1 is provided with a screw rod 6 between the two main beams 1, and the displacement hanger 3 is screwed to the screw rod 6.
  • One end of the screw rod 6 is provided with a first motor 7.
  • a reduction box 8 is arranged between a motor 7 and the screw rod 6 , and one end of the screw rod 6 is connected to the reduction box 8 , and the first motor 7 and the reduction box 8 are installed on the end beam 2 .
  • main beam 1 and end beam 2 can use box girder or I-beam, etc., which are light and stable.
  • box girder or I-beam, etc. which are light and stable.
  • two parallel box girders are preferably used as the main beam 1, and the two ends are connected by box-type end beams to form an overall stable structure.
  • a plurality of displacement hangers 3 can be dynamically adjusted on the main beam 1, and a plurality of displacement hangers 3 can realize the hoisting of multiple weights or counterweight boxes of different weights under the suspension beam device.
  • the hanging beam device can collect information such as the position of the shifting hanger attached to the crane hook at any time, as well as the position and hoisting weight of the hanging weight or counterweight shifting hanger, and then through the automatic calculation of the control system program, in ensuring On the basis of dynamic balance, the shift hanger is driven to slide on the main girder, and the force arm of the weight or the counterweight box is adjusted to form a moment balance between the suspended weights or between the weight and the counterweight box, so as to meet the requirements of the fixed crane.
  • This device can well meet the demand for dynamic adjustment of the crane's lifting point.
  • the shift hanger 3 and the lower weight and counterweight box move synchronously to maintain the overall dynamic balance, and it can avoid if the lowering point Without synchronous adjustment, the suspension beam unit will lose its balance and cause safety problems.
  • the hanging beam device has the advantages of simple structure, strong versatility, and automatic adjustment.
  • the inner side of the main girder 1 is provided with a receiving hole 101, the main girder 1 is provided with a beam track 102, and one of the main girder 1 is provided with a power supply control cabinet 12 on the external platform, so as to avoid affecting the movement of the shift hanger 3, and the power supply
  • the control cabinet 12 is provided with a solar panel 13 , and one side of the power supply control cabinet 12 is provided with a storage battery 11 .
  • the electrical control device is composed of an external control device, and a power supply control cabinet 12 , a solar panel 13 , and a storage battery 11 arranged on the top of the main girder 1 .
  • the external control device refers to the device installed outside the main girder 1 to control various functions and actions of the main girder 1 through wireless or other means, including control software and hardware, signal transceiver devices, and power supply devices;
  • the control device is a power supply control cabinet 12 and a solar panel 13 and a storage battery 11 for supplying power to the power supply control cabinet 12.
  • the power supply control cabinet 12 is equipped with power supply and control related software and hardware, signal transceiver devices, power supply conversion or transmission devices, and solar energy conversion.
  • the solar panel 13 provided on the power supply control cabinet 12 is used to collect the electric energy required for the hoisting work, and store it in the storage battery 11 after conversion for use.
  • the displacement hanger 3 includes a hanger main body 301, the hanger main body 301 is provided with a through groove 309, and one or more suction electromagnetic valves 303 are arranged in the through groove 309, and one end of the suction electromagnetic valve 303 is connected to the wire
  • the tile 308 is connected, and the other end of the suction solenoid valve 303 is installed on the main body 301 of the hanger, and the silk tile 308 is threadedly connected with the screw rod 6 .
  • the screw mandrel 6 controls one or more sets of displacement hangers 3, the screw mandrel 6 is provided with a helical thread, and the silk tile 308 is provided with matching and radians and threads with the screw mandrel 6, so that the screw mandrel 6 And, the effective combination of Siwa 308.
  • a suction solenoid valve 303 is arranged respectively, and an instruction is issued by an electric control device. After the suction solenoid valve 303 is sucked, the silk tile 308 is driven to disengage from the screw rod 6, so that the shift hanger 3 stops.
  • the first motor 7 is preferably a variable frequency motor, so that the running speeds of the screw mandrels 6 on the left and right sides can be different, thereby driving the shift hanger 3 to move at different speeds.
  • a return spring 302 is provided between the wire tile 308 and the hanger main body 301 , the upper hanger 306 is provided on the top of the hanger main body 301 , and the lower hanger 307 is provided at the bottom of the hanger main body 301 .
  • the return spring 302 pushes the wire tile 308 to contact with the screw rod 6 through spring thrust, so that the rotating screw rod 6 drives the displacement hanger 3 to move.
  • the upper lug 306 provided at the top of the hanger main body 301 is connected with the crane hook, and the lower lug 307 provided at the bottom of the hanger main body 301 can be connected with counterweight and hoisting weight by wire rope or remote control electric hoist as required.
  • the two sides of the hanger main body 301 are provided with retractable positioning pins 304, the hanger main body 301 is provided with a pinning motor 9, and one end of the pinning motor 9 is provided with a pinning oil pump 10, and the pinning oil pump 10 and the positioning pin 304 is connected through telescopic oil cylinder;
  • the electric control device sends a control command, sends an action command to the threading motor 9 and the threading oil pump 10, and drives the positioning pin 304 to penetrate into the receiving hole 101 of the main beam 1, Avoid displacement during hoisting.
  • a plurality of side plates 310 are provided on both sides of the hanger main body 301, and the side plates 310 are provided with traveling wheels 305 hinged to the side plates 310.
  • the traveling wheels 305 slide against the beam track 102, and the hanger main body 301
  • Position sensor 4 and weight sensor 14 are arranged on it.
  • the shift hanger 3 can move on the main girder 1 through the traveling wheels 305, and the shift hanger 3 is provided with a position sensor 4 to confirm whether the shift hanger reaches a designated position.
  • a weight sensor 14 is also arranged on the shift hanger 3, which dynamically displays the weight of the hanging object and transmits it to the electric control device for dynamic and matching adjustment of the moment of the heavy object or the counterweight box 18.
  • one or more screw rods 6 are provided between the two main beams 1, and a bearing seat 5 is provided between the two main beams 1, and the bearing seat 5 can be arranged at the center or eccentric position of the main beam as required,
  • the bearing seat 5 is provided with a bearing, and the screw mandrel 6 is rotationally connected with the bearing seat 5 .
  • one or more screw mandrels 6, the first motor 7 and the reduction box 8 can be used according to different usage occasions, because one screw mandrel can only drive multiple shifting hangers 3 and lifting points at the same speed, Or not drive one or more of them.
  • a bearing seat 5 is arranged at a central or non-central position of the main beam 1 . There are bearings matched with the number of screw mandrels 6 in the bearing block 5, so as to support the rotation of a plurality of screw mandrels 6 on the left and right respectively.
  • the bearing seat 5 in the non-middle position of the main beam 1, in order to move the shift hanger 3 to the middle of the main beam 1 for hoisting, so as to avoid the impact of the bearing seat 5 in the middle of the main beam 1 on the position of the shift hanger 3 on the main beam 1.
  • the middle part is in place, and the middle part of the hanging beam device is an important and frequently used hoisting position.
  • the method is as follows: the first crane 15 is in place in the air, and the first crane 15 is connected to two shift hangers 3 on the suspension beam device; the bottom of at least two shift hangers 3 on the suspension beam device hangs the counterweight box 18 or at least one weight, add a plurality of counterweights 1802 to the counterweight grid 1801 of the counterweight box 18; the first crane 15 lifts, controls the power supply control cabinet 12, and drives the displacement of the hanging weight and the counterweight box 18 The hanger 3 moves with equal torque until the first crane 15 transports the heavy object to the unloading position where it needs to be extended outwards, and unloads the heavy object.
  • the power supply control cabinet 12 is synchronously controlled manually or automatically, and the overall structural posture is adjusted to maintain Balance, then the first crane 15 falls and hangs, unloads the counterweight box 18 and the suspension beam device, and completes the hoisting.
  • This method can carry out the outward extension hoisting beyond the length of the boom of the first crane 15 .
  • the method is: according to the weight of the hoisted object, combine the first crane 15, the second The second crane 16 lifts and lifts the required magnitude of the heavy object and drops it, according to the principle of equal moment distribution, manually or automatically controls the power supply control cabinet 12 to move and connects with the first crane 15, the second crane 16 and the total of 3 moving parts connected to the lifting weight.
  • the position of the hanger 3 is to achieve the effect of balancing the hoisting loads of the first crane 15 and the second crane 16, and even realize the optimal effect of matching or full-load hoisting of the first crane 15 and the second crane 16 of different types.
  • the method is: the first crane 15 is in place in the air, and the first crane 15 and the suspension beam device Wherein two displacement hangers 3 on the top are connected; wherein at least three displacement hangers 3 on the suspension beam device hang the counterweight box 18 or at least two weights at the bottom, to the counterweight grid body 1801 of the counterweight box 18 according to Calculated in advance or automatically calculated by the program, add a plurality of counterweights 1802; the first crane 15 is lifted, manually or automatically controlled by the program of the power supply control cabinet 12, so that the shift hanger 3 with the weight or the counterweight box 18 is in the The main girder 1 is moved upwards so that the overall structure can adjust its posture in the air and maintain dynamic balance; the first crane 15 moves the heavy object 1 to the unloading position, and unloads the heavy object 1.
  • the power supply control cabinet 12 is dynamically controlled, and the moving distribution The position of the heavy box 18 is adjusted to maintain the dynamic balance of the overall structure; repeat step S4 until the other heavy objects are unloaded in turn; the first crane 15 is hoisted to unload the counterweight box 18 to complete the hoisting.
  • the general hoisting operation adopts the method of hoisting only one item in one hoisting cycle.
  • the general suspension beam cannot maintain dynamic balance during the partial unloading process, so this function cannot be realized, but this patent can achieve this.
  • the seemingly complicated but very useful hoisting method under special circumstances also greatly improves the hoisting efficiency.
  • the vehicle or site for transporting hanging objects needs to minimize the occupancy situation; while the lifting equipment is lifting objects, the load reduction while walking also belongs to this situation. The condition of the cable.
  • one crane is used to turn over a heavy object in the air. If the lifting beam device of this patent is not used, at least two cranes are required to realize the heavy object. Turn over in the air, the method is: the first crane 15 is connected with the upper lugs 306 on the two shift hangers 3; The lifting lugs 307 are connected, and the remote control electric hoist 17 is installed on the connecting rope of one of the lower lifting lugs 307; the first crane 15 is hoisted, and the reversing rope of the electric hoist 17 is released by using the wireless remote control electric hoist 17, while controlling the power supply control cabinet 12.
  • the shift hanger 3 on the other end of the heavy object move on the main beam 1 to the shift hanger 3 close to this end of the heavy object, so that the heavy object can be slowly adjusted from a horizontal state to a vertical state in the air.
  • the center of gravity of the heavy object remains on the original vertical line as far as possible, and continues to be adjusted in the above-mentioned manner until the wire rope of the electric hoist 17 is in an unstressed state, and the weight is also in a vertical state, and the turning over is completed.
  • the first crane 15 unloads heavy objects and completes hoisting.
  • Embodiment 6 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 6
  • the lifting points of the crane are dynamically adjusted in the air.
  • the safety problem of overloading may occur if the range of the crane is increased. Therefore, generally multiple cranes need to strictly control the range of lifting heavy objects using fixed lifting point lifting beams to avoid overloading.
  • This device and method can well meet the demand for dynamic adjustment of the lifting point of the crane.
  • the power supply control cabinet 12 When the position of the lifting lug 306 on the shift hanger 3 connected to the first crane 15 and the second crane 16 is adjusted or the amplitude is changed, the power supply control cabinet 12 is built-in
  • the control program can also be based on the parameters input in advance and the hoisting performance of the first crane 15 and the second crane 16 and the weight of the heavy object, as well as the position or amplitude change of the first crane 15 and the second crane 16, Through the synchronous operation of the built-in control program and set parameters in the power supply control cabinet 12, the shift hanger 3 and the movement of the weight below can be controlled manually or automatically through the program to maintain the dynamic balance of the body, so as to avoid the loss of balance of the suspension beam and cause safety problems .

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明提供一种新型多用途可调节式吊梁及吊运方法，包两个平行的主梁，两个主梁的两端分别与端梁连接，主梁上设有多个相对于主梁滑动的移位吊架，两个主梁之间设有丝杆，移位吊架与丝杆螺纹连接，丝杆一端设有第一电机，第一电机与丝杆之间设有减速箱，丝杆一端与减速箱连接，第一电机和减速箱安装在端梁上。起重机空中就位，起重机与移位吊架连接；吊梁装置上可选择在两个移位吊架底部分别吊挂配重箱或至少一个重物；起吊后，控制供电控制柜，使悬挂配重箱和重物的移位吊架在主梁上按力矩比例移动，使整体结构保持平衡；起重机把重物移至卸载位置后卸载，控制供电控制柜，保持平衡；直至把重物卸完；起重机落吊，卸载配重箱，完成吊装。

Description

一种新型多用途可调节式吊梁及吊运方法 技术领域
本发明涉及吊装领域，尤其是涉及一种新型多用途可调节式吊梁及吊运方法。
背景技术
起重设备在进行多机抬吊或复杂吊装工况时多采用抬吊梁的吊装方式，吊梁是用于装卸重大货物及部件的专用吊具，并且吊运重物时需准确找到重物重心位置，准确分配各吊点载荷，以保证吊梁安全可靠的工作。现有吊梁为上下吊点固定式，结构形式简单。吊梁结构由大平衡梁，以及嵌套在大平衡梁中的小平衡梁、吊具等组成。吊梁通过索具将重物吊起，以实现重物的搬运，装卸等动作。但是由于其结构设置不合理，平衡性能较差，吊运重物时需找准重物的重心位置，需准确分配各吊点载荷，否则易使得吊梁偏斜过大，产生安全隐患；同时吊梁功能较单一，现有技术使用范围和功能受限，通用性很差。无法满足起重设备抬吊重量和幅度等可调的要求，也无法满足起重设备幅度极限延展的需求。不能进行上下吊点可调的吊梁，不能满足多场合、多功能的需求。为此我们提出一种新型多用途可调节式吊梁及吊运方法用于解决上述问题。
中国专利文献CN208266824U记载了一种调节吊点偏差的平衡滑轮装置，包括滑轮组，其特征在于：还包括第一吊板、第二吊板、横吊梁、螺栓连接副和安装在机架上的支铰部件，第一吊板和第二吊板均固定在横吊梁的下表面上，支铰部件包括支铰固定座和支铰轴，支铰固定座的下部通过螺栓连接副固定在机架上，支铰固定座的上部通过支铰轴与横吊梁转动连接，所述滑轮组包括第一平衡滑轮和第二平衡滑轮，第一平衡滑轮通过第一吊板安装在横吊梁的一端，所述第二平衡滑轮通过第二吊板安装在横吊梁的另一端。本实用新型能够在启闭机运行过程中，实现即时地动态地调整两吊点平衡，无需停机检修，能够有效保障启闭机运行稳定性。但是该结构无法满足起重设备抬吊重量和幅度等可调的要求，也无法满足起重设备幅度极限延展的需求。不能进行上下吊点可调的吊梁，不能满足多场合、多功能的需求。使用存在缺陷，需要改进。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种新型多用途可调节式吊梁及吊运方法，解决无法满足起重设备抬吊重量和幅度等可调的要求，也无法满足起重设备幅度极限延展的需求。不能进行上下吊点可调的吊梁，不能满足多场合、多功能的需求的问题。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明所采用的技术方案是：一种新型多用途可调节式吊 梁，包括两个平行的主梁，两个主梁的两端分别与端梁连接，主梁上设有多个相对于主梁滑动的移位吊架，两个主梁之间设有丝杆，移位吊架与丝杆螺纹连接，丝杆一端设有第一电机，第一电机与丝杆之间设有减速箱，丝杆一端与减速箱连接，第一电机和减速箱安装在端梁上。
优选方案中，主梁内侧设有承接孔，主梁设有梁轨道，其中一个主梁外挑平台上设有供电控制柜，供电控制柜上设有太阳能板，供电控制柜的一侧设有蓄电池。
优选方案中，移位吊架包括吊架主体，吊架主体上设有通槽，通槽内设有至少一个吸合电磁阀，吸合电磁阀一端与丝瓦连接，吸合电磁阀另一端安装在吊架主体上，丝瓦与丝杆螺纹连接。
优选方案中，丝瓦和吊架主体之间设有复位弹簧，吊架主体顶部设有上吊耳，吊架主体底部设有下吊耳。
优选方案中，吊架主体两侧设有能够伸缩的定位销，吊架主体上设有穿销电机，穿销电机一端设有穿销油泵，穿销油泵与定位销通过伸缩油缸连接；
吊架主体两侧的定位销伸出时，定位销抵靠在承接孔上。
优选方案中，吊架主体两侧设有多个侧板，侧板上设有与侧板铰接的行走轮，行走轮抵靠在梁轨道上滑动，吊架主体上设有位置传感器和重量感应器。
优选方案中，两个主梁之间设有至少一个丝杆，两个主梁之间设有轴承座，轴承座设在主梁的中心或偏心位置，轴承座上设有轴承，丝杆与轴承座转动连接。
一种新型多用途可调节式吊梁的吊运方法，其方法是：使用单个第一起重机时：
S1、第一起重机吊钩空中就位，第一起重机与吊梁装置上的其中两个移位吊架连接；
S2、吊梁装置上其中至少两个移位吊架底部吊挂配重箱或至少一个重物，通过匹配性计算或程序自动计算向配重箱的配重格体中加入经计算合适数量的配重块；
S3、第一起重机起吊，通过人工或系统根据程序自动控制供电控制柜，以使挂有重物或配重箱的移位吊架在主梁上等力矩移动，以使吊梁装置在空中调整姿态，保持动态平衡；
S4、第一起重机把重物吊运至目标位置，重物就位后脱钩，过程中通过人工或系统根据程序随时控制供电控制柜，调整吊梁装置姿态，保持动态平衡；
S5、重复S4步骤，直至把重物卸完；
S6、第一起重机落钩，卸载配重箱，完成吊装。
优选方案中，S1、起重机吊钩空中就位，一台或多台起重机与吊梁装置上的其中多个移位吊连接；
S2、吊梁装置上其中多个移位吊架底部吊挂配重箱和一个或多个重物，通过匹配性计算或程序自动计算向配重箱的配重格体中加入经计算合适数量的配重块；
S3、起重机起吊，通过人工或系统根据程序自动控制供电控制柜，以使系挂起重机吊钩、吊挂配重箱或重物的移位吊架在主梁上力矩匹配性移动，以在空中动态调整起重机吊钩、配重箱或重物在吊梁上的相对位置，保持动态平衡；
S4、起重机把吊挂的其中一个重物吊运至目标位置，此重物就位后脱钩，过程中通过人工或系统根据程序自动控制供电控制柜，调整吊梁装置姿态，保持动态平衡；
S5、重复S3、S4步骤，再将另一个重物吊运至目标位置脱钩，直至把重物卸完；
S6、起重机落钩，卸载配重箱，完成吊装。
优选方案中，S1、一台或多台起重机吊钩空中就位，起重机与移位吊架上的上吊耳连接；
S2、吊物的两端分别与其中的两个移位吊架的下吊耳通过钢丝绳连接，在吊物其中一端与移位吊架下吊耳的连接吊绳上安装遥控电动葫芦；
S3、通过人工或系统根据程序自动控制供电控制柜，以使挂有重物的移位吊架在主梁上移动，以使重物重心保持在吊梁装置计算设定的垂线位置上，从而保持动态平衡，同时使用无线方式遥控电动葫芦伸缩钢丝绳，直至电动葫芦的钢丝绳处于不受力状态，重物也处于垂直状态，翻身完成。
S4、第一起重机和第二起重机转动至落钩位置，卸载重物，完成吊装。
本发明的有益效果为：两个主梁和两端连接两个端梁，从而形成整体稳定的结构，主梁和端梁结合使用特点，可采用箱梁或工字钢等、轻便、稳定的结构，优选采用两根平行箱梁作为主梁，两端采用箱型端梁连接形成整体稳定的结构。
多个移位吊架能够在主梁上进行动态调整，多个移位吊架能够实现吊梁装置下方吊装多个不同重量的重物或配重箱。吊梁装置能够通过随时采集系挂起重机吊钩的移位吊架位置，以及系挂重物或配重移位吊架的位置和吊重等信息，再通过控制系统程序的自动运算，在确保动态平衡的基础上驱动移位吊架在主梁上滑动，调整重物或配重箱的力臂，以使悬挂的重物之间或者重物和配重箱之间形成力矩平衡，从而满足固定吊点吊梁难以满足的各类和各种场合动态变幅多机抬吊、单机或多机幅度延展吊装、浅壁洞内吊装、单机空中翻身、多台起重机调整吊点匹配或满载吊装、多吊物同时起吊分次卸载、起重机吊点空中动态调整等需求。
本装置能很好地满足起重机吊点动态调整的需求，起重机上吊点调整的同时，移位 吊架和下部的重物、配重箱同步移动，保持整体动态平衡，就能避免如果下吊点不同步调整，吊梁装置将失去平衡进而导致安全问题。同时吊梁装置具有结构简单、通用性强、可自动调整等优点。
按照向外延展的吊装方式，不仅延伸了起重机的起吊幅度范围，还同理可实现原来起重设备难于实现的侧壁浅洞的吊装，为这类工程难题的解决提供了简便、易行、安全的思路和装置。
现空中翻身往往采用两台起重机吊挂重物的两端配合进行变幅和吊钩升降，从而完成重物从平卧状态到垂直状态的翻身过程。本专利能很好地满足仅用单台起重机空中翻身的需求，吊梁装置两个移位吊架分别系挂平卧状态的重物两端，其中一个移位吊架下吊点上先连接遥控电动葫芦再由其通过吊绳连接重物一端，电气控制系统通过设定参数程序的同步运算，自动或手动带动移位吊架向相互靠近方向移动，逐渐实现重物由平卧状态向垂直状态的转换，保持整体动态平衡，就能避免重物需要在空中翻身时失去平衡进而导致安全问题。同时重物需要在空中翻身时，现有技术对重物翻身需要用到两台及以上起重设备配合翻身，本装置和方法只需用到一台起重设备，大幅度节约工作人工的工作时间和优化了现场的施工步骤、提高了经济效益，降低了安全事故发生的概率，具有极大的推广价值。
附图说明
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步说明：
图1是本发明整体结构的俯视图；
图2是本发明整体结构的侧视图；
图3是本发明吸合电磁阀断开、定位销伸出时图1中A-A的剖视图；
图4是本发明吸合电磁阀闭合、定位销伸出时图1中A-A的剖视图；
图5是本发明吸合电磁阀断开、定位销缩回时图1中A-A的剖视图；
图6是本发明配重箱的正视图；
图7是本发明使用起重机时幅度向外延展吊装的示意图；
图8是本发明使用起重机伸入洞内吊装的示意图；
图9是本发明使用起重机多吊物同时起吊的第一示意图；
图10是本发明使用起重机多吊物同时起吊的第二示意图；
图11是本发明使用起重机多吊物同时起吊的第三示意图；
图12是本发明使用起重机多吊物同时起吊的第四示意图；
图13是本发明使用起重机对吊物翻身时的第一示意图；
图14是本发明使用起重机对吊物翻身时的第二示意图；
图15是本发明使用起重机对吊物翻身时的第三示意图；
图16是本发明使用两个起重机调整吊点满载吊装示意图
图中：主梁1；承接孔101；梁轨道102；端梁2；移位吊架3；吊架主体301；复位弹簧302；吸合电磁阀303；定位销304；行走轮305；上吊耳306；下吊耳307；丝瓦308；通槽309；侧板310；位置传感器4；轴承座5；丝杆6；第一电机7；减速箱8；穿销电机9；穿销油泵10；蓄电池11；供电控制柜12；太阳能板13；重量感应器14；第一起重机15；第二起重机16；电动葫芦17；配重箱18；配重格体1801；配重块1802。
具体实施方式
实施例1：
如图1-7中，一种新型多用途可调节式吊梁，包括两个平行的主梁1，两个主梁1的两端分别与端梁2连接，主梁1上设有多个相对于主梁1滑动的移位吊架3，两个主梁1之间设有丝杆6，移位吊架3与丝杆6螺纹连接，丝杆6一端设有第一电机7，第一电机7与丝杆6之间设有减速箱8，丝杆6一端与减速箱8连接，第一电机7和减速箱8安装在端梁2上。由此结构，两个主梁1和两端连接两个端梁2，从而形成整体稳定的结构，主梁1和端梁2结合使用特点，可采用箱梁或工字钢等、轻便、稳定的结构，优选采用两根平行箱梁作为主梁1，两端采用箱型端梁连接形成整体稳定的结构。多个移位吊架3能够在主梁1上进行动态调整，多个移位吊架3能够实现吊梁装置下方吊装多个不同重量的重物或配重箱。吊梁装置能够通过随时采集系挂起重机吊钩的移位吊架位置，以及系挂重物或配重移位吊架的位置和吊重等信息，再通过控制系统程序的自动运算，在确保动态平衡的基础上驱动移位吊架在主梁上滑动，调整重物或配重箱的力臂，以使悬挂的重物之间或者重物和配重箱之间形成力矩平衡，从而满足固定吊点吊梁难以满足的各类和各种场合动态变幅多机抬吊、单机或多机幅度延展吊装、浅壁洞内吊装、单机空中翻身、多台起重机调整吊点匹配或满载吊装、多吊物同时起吊分次卸载、起重机吊点空中动态调整等需求。
本装置能很好地满足起重机吊点动态调整的需求，起重机上吊点调整的同时，移位吊架3和下部的重物、配重箱同步移动，保持整体动态平衡，就能避免如果下吊点不同步调整，吊梁装置将失去平衡进而导致安全问题。同时吊梁装置具有结构简单、通用性强、可自动调整等优点。
优选方案中，主梁1内侧设有承接孔101，主梁1设有梁轨道102，其中一个主梁1外挑平台上设有供电控制柜12，避免影响移位吊架3的移动，供电控制柜12上设有太阳能 板13，供电控制柜12的一侧设有蓄电池11。由此结构，电气控制装置由外部控制装置，以及在主梁1上部设置的供电控制柜12、太阳能板13、蓄电池11组成。外部控制装置指在主梁1以外设置的，通过无线等方式实现对主梁1各种功能和动作进行控制的装置，其中包含控制软硬件、信号收发装置、供电装置；在主梁1上设置的控制装置为供电控制柜12以及为供电控制柜12供电的太阳能板13和蓄电池11，供电控制柜12内设供电和控制相关软硬件、信号收发装置、供电转换或传输装置、太阳能转化电能的控制装置，供电控制柜12上设置的太阳能板13用于采集吊装工作所需的电能，转化后储存在蓄电池11中以供取用。
优选方案中，移位吊架3包括吊架主体301，吊架主体301上设有通槽309，通槽309内设有一个或多个吸合电磁阀303，吸合电磁阀303一端与丝瓦308连接，吸合电磁阀303另一端安装在吊架主体301上，丝瓦308与丝杆6螺纹连接。由此结构，丝杆6控制一套或多套移位吊架3，丝杆6上设有螺旋状的螺纹，丝瓦308上设有与丝杆6匹配和弧度和螺纹，以便丝杆6和，丝瓦308的有效结合。丝瓦308和底座上还分别布置了吸合电磁阀303，通过电气控制装置发出指令，吸合电磁阀303吸合后带动丝瓦308与丝杆6脱开，以使移位吊架3停止移动；或通过第一电机7停止转动进而丝杆6停止转动，也能让移位吊架3停止移动。第一电机7优选变频电机，这样左右两边的丝杆6运行速度可以不同，从而可带动移位吊架3进行不同速度运动。
优选方案中，丝瓦308和吊架主体301之间设有复位弹簧302，吊架主体301顶部设有上吊耳306，吊架主体301底部设有下吊耳307。由此结构，复位弹簧302通过弹簧推力将丝瓦308推至与丝杆6接触，从而由旋转的丝杆6带动移位吊架3移动。吊架主体301顶部设的上吊耳306与起重机吊钩连接，吊架主体301底部设的下吊耳307可根据需要与配重、吊重通过钢丝绳或遥控电动葫芦连接。
优选方案中，吊架主体301两侧设有能够伸缩的定位销304，吊架主体301上设有穿销电机9，穿销电机9一端设有穿销油泵10，穿销油泵10与定位销304通过伸缩油缸连接；
吊架主体301两侧的定位销304伸出时，定位销304抵靠在承接孔101上。由此结构，移位吊架3到达工作位后，电气控制装置发出控制指令，向穿销电机9和穿销油泵10发出动作指令，驱动定位销304穿入主梁1的承接孔101内，避免在吊装过程中发生位移。
优选方案中，吊架主体301两侧设有多个侧板310，侧板310上设有与侧板310铰接的行走轮305，行走轮305抵靠在梁轨道102上滑动，吊架主体301上设有位置传感器4和重量感应器14。由此结构，移位吊架3能够通过行走轮305在主梁1上移动，移位吊架3 设置了位置传感器4，以确认移位吊架是否到达指定位置。移位吊架3上还设置了重量传感器14，动态显示吊物重量，传递给电气控制装置，进行重物或配重箱18力矩的动态和匹配调整。
优选方案中，两个主梁1之间设有一个或多个丝杆6，两个主梁1之间设有轴承座5，轴承座5可根据需要设置在主梁的中心或偏心位置，轴承座5上设有轴承，丝杆6与轴承座5转动连接。由此结构，根据使用场合的不同，可以采用一个或多个丝杆6及第一电机7和减速箱8，因为一个丝杆仅能以相同速度驱动多个移位吊架3及吊点，或不对其中的一个或几个进行驱动。采用两个或多个丝杆6是确保两个或多个丝杆6可以分别以不同的速度驱动不同的移位吊架3及吊点，在主梁1左右两边进行速度匹配的等力矩比例的同步运动，从而保证主梁1左右两边力矩平衡。在主梁1的中部或非中部位置布置了一个轴承座5。轴承座5内有与丝杆6数目相匹配的轴承，以便分别支撑左右多个丝杆6的转动。优选将轴承座5布置在主梁1非中部位置，为了可以将移位吊架3移动至主梁1的中部起吊，避免轴承座5在主梁1中部影响移位吊架3在主梁1中部就位，吊梁装置中部是重要和经常用到的吊装位。
实施例2：
结合实施例1进一步说明，如图1～8所示，起重机需要向外延展吊装的工况，以进一步扩大起重机工作范围。在工程现场经常出现，现有起重机幅度不满足吊装要求的情况，通过本专利能对起吊幅度进行部分延展。其方法是：第一起重机15空中就位，第一起重机15与吊梁装置上的其中两个移位吊架3连接；吊梁装置上其中至少两个移位吊架3底部吊挂配重箱18或至少一个重物，向配重箱18的配重格体1801中加入多个配重块1802；第一起重机15起吊，控制供电控制柜12，驱动吊挂重物和配重箱18的移位吊架3等力矩移动，直至第一起重机15把重物运送到需要向外延展处的卸载位置，对重物进行卸载，过程中同步手动或自动控制供电控制柜12，调整整体结构姿态，保持平衡，然后第一起重机15落吊，卸载配重箱18和吊梁装置，完成吊装。此方法可进行超出第一起重机15臂杆长度的向外延展吊装。
按照向外延展的吊装方式，同理可实现原来起重设备难于实现的侧壁浅洞的吊装，为这类工程难题的解决提供了简便、易行、安全的思路和装置。
实施例3：
结合实施例1进一步说明，如图1～5、16所示，使用多台起重机调整吊点，匹配或满载吊装的情况，其方法是：根据所吊重物重量，结合第一起重机15、第二起重机16抬吊重物落吊 所需的幅度，按照等力矩分配的原则手动或自动控制供电控制柜12移动与第一起重机15、第二起重机16以及抬吊重物连接的共3个移位吊架3位置，以达到均衡第一起重机15、第二起重机16的吊装负荷的效果，甚至可以实现不同型号的第一起重机15、第二起重机16均匹配或满载吊装的最优化效果。既提高了抬吊吊装的安全性，也可以最大化发挥起重机的起重能力。在两台或多台起重机抬吊的工况下，固定吊点吊梁因为吊点不可调整，吊点力臂不变，参与抬吊起重机的分担吊重无法调整，往往出现一台起重机满载，其它起重机起吊能力富余浪费的情况，给工程吊装设置了限制，工程往往因此需要配备更大起重能力的起重机，产生了很多不必要的工作和浪费。
实施例4：
结合实施例1进一步说明，如图1～6、9～11所示，多吊物同时起吊分次卸载的情况，其方法是：第一起重机15空中就位，第一起重机15与吊梁装置上的其中两个移位吊架3连接；吊梁装置上其中至少三个移位吊架3底部吊挂配重箱18或至少两个重物，向配重箱18的配重格体1801中根据事先计算或程序自动计算，加入多个配重块1802；第一起重机15起吊，手动或通过供电控制柜12的程序自动控制，以使挂有重物或配重箱18的移位吊架3在主梁1上移动，以使整体结构在空中调整姿态，保持动态平衡；第一起重机15把重物1运动至卸载位置，对重物1进行卸载，过程中动态控制供电控制柜12，移动配重箱18位置，调整整体结构姿态，保持动态平衡；重复S4步骤，直至把其它重物依次卸完；第一起重机15落吊，卸载配重箱18，完成吊装。
一般吊装作业采用的是一次吊装循环仅吊运一个物品的方式。但在某些特殊情况需要采用多个物件同时起吊、分次摘钩就位的方式，一般的吊梁因无法在部分卸载过程中保持动态平衡，无法实现此功能，但本专利能实现此看似复杂但在特殊情况下十分有用的吊装方式，也大幅度提高了吊装效率。如：运送吊物的车辆或场地需最大化减少占用情形；起重设备吊物的同时，边行走边减载也属于此情况，具体如吊着一卷电缆，移动式起重机边行走边收放电缆的情况。
实施例5：
结合实施例1进一步说明，如图1～5、13～15所示，使用1台起重机对重物进行空中翻身，如不使用本专利的吊梁装置需要使用到至少两台起重机才能实现重物的空中翻身，其方法是：第一起重机15与两个移位吊架3上的上吊耳306连接；待翻身处于平卧状态重物的两端分别与另外两个移位吊架3的下吊耳307连接，在其中一个下吊耳307的连接吊绳上安装遥控电动葫芦17；第一起重机15起吊，使用无线方式遥控电动葫芦17施放电动葫芦17的 倒链绳，同时控制供电控制柜12，让系挂重物另一端的移位吊架3在主梁1上向靠近重物此端的移位吊架3移动，以使重物在空中慢慢由平卧状态调整为垂直状态，翻身过程中重物重心尽可能仍保持在原有垂线上，继续按上述方式进行调整，直至电动葫芦17的钢丝绳处于不受力状态，重物也处于垂直状态，翻身完成。第一起重机15，卸载重物，完成吊装。
实施例6：
结合实施例1进一步说明，如图1～5、16，起重机吊点空中动态调整。两台起重机抬吊过程中如一台因为重物就位需要，增大了起重机幅度就可能发生超载的安全问题。所以一般多台起重机使用固定吊点吊梁抬吊重物均需严格控制幅度，避免发生超载。本装置和方法就能很好地满足起重机吊点动态调整的需求，第一起重机15和第二起重机16连接的移位吊架3上吊耳306位置调整或幅度变化的同时，供电控制柜12内置的控制程序也可根据预先输入的参数与抬吊的第一起重机15、第二起重机16的起吊性能及重物的重量，以及第一起重机15、第二起重机16吊点位置或幅度变化情况，通过供电控制柜12内置控制程序和设定参数的同步运算，手动或通过程序自动控制移位吊架3及下方重物的移动，保持体动态平衡，就能避免吊梁失去平衡进而导致安全问题。
上述的实施案例仅为本发明的优选技术方案，而不应视为对于本发明的限制，本发明的保护范围应以权利要求记载的技术方案，包括权利要求记载的技术方案中技术特征的等同替换方案为保护范围。即在此范围内的等同替换改进，也在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种新型多用途可调节式吊梁，其特征是：包括两个平行的主梁(1)，两个主梁(1)的两端分别与端梁(2)连接，主梁(1)上设有多个相对于主梁(1)滑动的移位吊架(3)，两个主梁(1)之间设有丝杆(6)，移位吊架(3)与丝杆(6)螺纹连接，丝杆(6)一端设有第一电机(7)，第一电机(7)与丝杆(6)之间设有减速箱(8)，丝杆(6)一端与减速箱(8)连接，第一电机(7)和减速箱(8)安装在端梁(2)上。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述一种新型多用途可调节式吊梁，其特征是：主梁(1)内侧设有多个承接孔(101)，主梁(1)设有梁轨道(102)，其中一个主梁(1)外挑平台上设有供电控制柜(12)，供电控制柜(12)上设有太阳能板(13)，供电控制柜(12)的一侧设有蓄电池(11)。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述一种新型多用途可调节式吊梁，其特征是：移位吊架(3)包括吊架主体(301)，吊架主体(301)上设有通槽(309)，通槽(309)内设有至少一个吸合电磁阀(303)，吸合电磁阀(303)一端与丝瓦(308)连接，吸合电磁阀(303)另一端安装在吊架主体(301)上，丝瓦(308)与丝杆(6)螺纹连接。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述一种新型多用途可调节式吊梁，其特征是：丝瓦(308)和吊架主体(301)之间设有复位弹簧(302)，吊架主体(301)顶部设有上吊耳(306)，吊架主体(301)底部设有下吊耳(307)。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述一种新型多用途可调节式吊梁，其特征是：吊架主体(301)两侧设有能够伸缩的定位销(304)，吊架主体(301)上设有穿销电机(9)，穿销电机(9)一端设有穿销油泵(10)，穿销油泵(10)与定位销(304)通过伸缩油缸连接；
    吊架主体(301)两侧的定位销(304)伸出时，定位销(304)抵靠在承接孔(101)内。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述一种新型多用途可调节式吊梁，其特征是：吊架主体(301)两侧设有多个侧板(310)，侧板(310)上设有与侧板(310)铰接的行走轮(305)，行走轮(305)抵靠在梁轨道(102)上滑动，吊架主体(301)上设有位置传感器(4)和重量感应器(14)。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述一种新型多用途可调节式吊梁，其特征是：两个主梁(1)之间设有至少一个丝杆(6)，两个主梁(1)之间设有轴承座(5)，轴承座(5)设在主梁的中心或偏心位置，轴承座(5)上设有轴承，丝杆(6)与轴承座(5)转动连接。
  8. 根据权利要求1～7任意一项所述一种新型多用途可调节式吊梁的起吊方法，其方法是：使用单个第一起重机(15)时：S1、第一起重机(15)吊钩空中就位，第一起重机(15)与吊梁装置上的其中两个移位吊架(3)连接；
    S2、吊梁装置上其中至少两个移位吊架(3)底部吊挂配重箱(18)或至少一个重物，通过匹配性计算或程序自动计算向配重箱(18)的配重格体(1801)中加入经计算合适数量的配重 块(1802)；
    S3、第一起重机(15)起吊，通过人工或系统根据程序自动控制供电控制柜(12)，以使挂有重物和配重箱(18)的移位吊架(3)在主梁(1)上等力矩移动，以使吊梁装置在空中调整姿态，保持动态平衡；
    S4、第一起重机(15)把重物吊运至目标位置，重物就位后脱钩，过程中通过人工或系统根据程序随时控制供电控制柜(12)，调整吊梁装置姿态，保持动态平衡；
    S5、重复S4步骤，直至把重物卸完；
    S6、第一起重机(15)落钩，卸载配重箱(18)，完成吊装。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述一种新型多用途可调节式吊梁的吊运方法，其方法是：S1、起重机吊钩空中就位，一台或多台起重机与吊梁装置上的其中多个移位吊架(3)连接；
    S2、吊梁装置上其中多个移位吊架(3)底部吊挂配重箱(18)和一个或多个重物，通过匹配性计算或程序自动计算向配重箱(18)的配重格体(1801)中加入经计算合适数量的配重块(1802)；
    S3、起重机起吊，通过人工或系统根据程序自动控制供电控制柜(12)，以使系挂起重机吊钩、吊挂配重箱(18)或重物的移位吊架(3)在主梁(1)上力矩匹配性移动，以在空中动态调整起重机吊钩、配重箱或重物在吊梁上的相对位置，保持动态平衡；
    S4、起重机把吊挂的其中一个重物吊运至目标位置，此重物就位后脱钩，过程中通过人工或系统根据程序自动控制供电控制柜(12)，调整吊梁装置姿态，保持动态平衡；
    S5、重复S3、S4步骤，再将另一个重物吊运至目标位置脱钩，直至把重物卸完；
    S6、起重机落钩，卸载配重箱(18)，完成吊装。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述一种新型多用途可调节式吊梁的起吊方法，其方法是：S1、一台或多台起重机吊钩空中就位，起重机与移位吊架(3)上的上吊耳(306)连接；
    S2、吊物的两端分别与其中的两个移位吊架(3)的下吊耳(307)通过钢丝绳连接，在吊物其中一端与移位吊架(3)下吊耳(307)的连接吊绳上安装遥控电动葫芦(17)；
    S3、通过人工或系统根据程序自动控制供电控制柜(12)，以使挂有重物的移位吊架(3)在主梁(1)上移动，以使重物重心保持在吊梁装置计算设定的垂线位置上，从而保持动态平衡，同时使用无线方式遥控电动葫芦(17)伸缩钢丝绳，直至电动葫芦(17)的钢丝绳处于不受力状态，重物也处于垂直状态，翻身完成；
    S4、第一起重机(15)和第二起重机(16)运动至落钩位置，卸载重物，完成吊装。
PCT/CN2022/107091 2022-04-14 2022-07-21 一种新型多用途可调节式吊梁及吊运方法 WO2023035786A1 (zh)

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