WO2023029150A1 - 一种改进后缘结构的风电叶片及其制作方法 - Google Patents

一种改进后缘结构的风电叶片及其制作方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023029150A1
WO2023029150A1 PCT/CN2021/122969 CN2021122969W WO2023029150A1 WO 2023029150 A1 WO2023029150 A1 WO 2023029150A1 CN 2021122969 W CN2021122969 W CN 2021122969W WO 2023029150 A1 WO2023029150 A1 WO 2023029150A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
trailing edge
blade
web
composite material
shell
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2021/122969
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
冯学斌
侯彬彬
邓航
胡杰桦
赵建刚
杨军
彭超义
凡盛
刘鹏辉
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Zhuzhou Times New Material Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Zhuzhou Times New Material Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Zhuzhou Times New Material Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Zhuzhou Times New Material Technology Co Ltd
Priority to EP21955679.2A priority Critical patent/EP4205958B1/en
Priority to RS20251021A priority patent/RS67516B1/sr
Priority to ES21955679T priority patent/ES3056819T3/es
Priority to MX2024001760A priority patent/MX2024001760A/es
Priority to US18/264,227 priority patent/US12421934B2/en
Publication of WO2023029150A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023029150A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/06—Rotors
    • F03D1/0608—Rotors characterised by their aerodynamic shape
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
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    • F03D1/065—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
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    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2230/00—Manufacture
    • F05B2230/20—Manufacture essentially without removing material
    • F05B2230/23—Manufacture essentially without removing material by permanently joining parts together
    • F05B2230/232—Manufacture essentially without removing material by permanently joining parts together by welding
    • F05B2230/236—Diffusion bonding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2230/00—Manufacture
    • F05B2230/40—Heat treatment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/20—Rotors
    • F05B2240/30—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor
    • F05B2240/304—Details of the trailing edge
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/20—Rotors
    • F05B2240/30—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor
    • F05B2240/304—Details of the trailing edge
    • F05B2240/3042—Serrated trailing edge
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2280/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05B2280/40—Organic materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2280/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05B2280/60—Properties or characteristics given to material by treatment or manufacturing
    • F05B2280/6003—Composites; e.g. fibre-reinforced
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2280/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05B2280/60—Properties or characteristics given to material by treatment or manufacturing
    • F05B2280/6012—Foam
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2280/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05B2280/60—Properties or characteristics given to material by treatment or manufacturing
    • F05B2280/6013—Fibres
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2280/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05B2280/60—Properties or characteristics given to material by treatment or manufacturing
    • F05B2280/6015—Resin
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2280/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05B2280/70—Treatments or modification of materials
    • F05B2280/702—Reinforcements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of wind power generation, and in particular relates to a trailing edge structure of a wind power blade with an improved trailing edge structure and a manufacturing method thereof.
  • the chord width of the blades becomes wider and wider, the weight of the blades increases, and the center of gravity shifts toward the blade tips, resulting in a significant increase in gravity fatigue loads and centrifugal loads, reducing the reliability of blades and units, and reducing costs
  • the lightweight of wind power blades has gradually become a hotspot in blade family extension design technology.
  • the existing wind power blades reduce the blade web from two to one, making the cavity in the trailing edge area larger, and the blades are prone to instability and failure in these cavity areas.
  • the current stability maintenance structures for the trailing edge of wind turbine blades include: (1) designed to fill with foam to support the area of the trailing edge of the blade, but filling a large amount of rigid foam also increases the weight of the wind turbine blade; (2) increasing the web of the trailing edge , but the bonding area of the trailing edge of the blade is narrow, and it is difficult to arrange the trailing edge web.
  • the field of wind power blades still lacks a trailing edge structure design that can reduce the overall weight of the blade and achieve a stabilizing effect.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to lose stability of the trailing edge of the wind power blade and realize light weight at the same time, to overcome the deficiencies and defects mentioned in the above background technology, and to provide a wind power blade trailing edge structure with an improved trailing edge structure and its manufacture method.
  • a wind turbine blade with an improved trailing edge structure including an upper shell, a lower shell and a trailing edge, characterized in that the area designed near the trailing edge that needs to be bonded to the upper shell and the lower shell is filled with multiple lines Composite material, the composite material is distributed in strips along the length direction of the blade, and multiple strips of composite material are arranged at intervals in the chord direction of the airfoil.
  • the chord direction of the airfoil is shown by arrow a in Figure 1.
  • the composite material includes a reinforcing body and a fiber cloth wrapped around the reinforcing body, and the material of the reinforcing body includes one or more of foamed PVC, PET, HPE or PMI foam.
  • the first strip of composite material in the multiple strips of composite material is close to the trailing edge, and each subsequent section of composite material is separated from the previous section of composite material by a distance.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the reinforcing body is consistent with the cross-sectional shape of the bonding area at the trailing edge.
  • the wind power blade has a web inside, and the web and the trailing edge enclose a trailing edge cavity, and the trailing edge web is arranged in the trailing edge cavity.
  • the starting point of the trailing edge web along the length direction of the blade is set at 12-15% of the total length of the blade from the root of the blade, and the end point of the trailing edge web along the length direction of the blade is set at 57-60% of the blade from the root total area.
  • the number of the plurality of composite materials arranged at intervals in the airfoil chord direction changes with the length direction of the blade, and the number in the area between the trailing edge and the trailing edge web is less than that near the blade tip The number of settings.
  • the composite material in the area between the trailing edge and the trailing edge web, the composite material is divided into 1-2 sections in the chord direction of the airfoil, each section has a width of 50-80mm, and each section has a spacing of 80- 100mm; in the trailing edge bonding area after the end point of the trailing edge web along the length direction of the blade, the composite material is divided into 2-3 sections in the chord direction of the airfoil, each section has a width of 50-80mm, and each section At a spacing of 80-100mm, the amount of composite material in the region between the trailing edge and the trailing edge web is less than near the tip of the blade.
  • the upper side and the lower side of the rear edge web are laterally widened into an upper foot plate and a lower foot plate, and the upper foot plate and the lower foot plate of the rear edge web are respectively defined on the upper shell and the lower shell.
  • rear edge auxiliary beams are arranged in the upper shell and lower shell areas of the upper and lower foot plates defining the rear edge web, and the materials of the rear edge auxiliary beams include unidirectional fiber cloth, glass fiber pultruded One or more of sheet or carbon pultruded sheet.
  • the trailing edge auxiliary beam can improve the stiffness of the blade and form an I-beam structure with the trailing edge web.
  • the present invention also provides a method for manufacturing a wind turbine blade with an improved trailing edge structure, including the following steps:
  • the manufacturing of the multi-segment reinforcement whose cross-sectional shape is consistent with the cross-sectional shape of the trailing edge filling area described in S1 specifically includes the following steps:
  • Wrapping the structural adhesive in the plastic film can prevent the structural adhesive from adhering to the upper casing and the lower casing after curing, resulting in problems such as difficulty in taking it out.
  • the manufacturing method also includes an assembly method of the rear edge web and the rear edge auxiliary beam, specifically:
  • the upper shell and the lower shell are laminated and heated, and are integrally cured and molded through the resin infusion process.
  • a bonding gap needs to be ensured between the rear edge web and the rear edge auxiliary beam.
  • the guarantee of the bonding gap is specifically to lay spacers at intervals of 2-4m.
  • the laying of pads can pad out the bonding gap, which helps the upper and lower foot plates of the rear edge web to be fixed on the rear edge auxiliary beam, and at the same time, it can reserve a gap filled with structural adhesive, which is helpful for curing and forming during assembly.
  • the composite material filled in the bonding area of the trailing edge is disconnected in the chord direction of the airfoil. While providing support for the filling area of the trailing edge and enhancing the structural stability of the trailing edge, the disconnected filling structure design reduces bonding
  • the amount of glue and composite material reinforcement can be used to reduce the weight of wind power blades; at the same time, the composite material can be filled flexibly, and a section of composite material can be added in the area where there is no trailing edge web to enhance the stability of the blade trailing edge area.
  • the trailing edge area is designed with a small web, which can enhance the strength of the trailing edge area, thereby reducing the bonding width of the trailing edge, thereby reducing the weight of the blade;
  • the lower web adopts the design of the upper and lower foot plates, and the rear edge auxiliary beams are set on the upper and lower shells correspondingly, so that it can be stably arranged in the narrow rear edge area, further enhancing the stability of the rear edge structure;
  • a manufacturing method matching the trailing edge filling structure and the small web structure is disclosed.
  • the method is simple to operate, realizes the purpose of enhancing the stability and lightening the trailing edge structure, and is suitable for large-scale industrialization.
  • Fig. 1 is the overall cross-sectional view of the trailing edge structure of the wind power blade in embodiment 1 including the trailing edge web area;
  • Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the filling structure of the trailing edge bonding area after the end point of the trailing edge web of the wind power blade along the length direction of the blade in Embodiment 1;
  • Fig. 3 is embodiment 1 composite material sectional view
  • Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the rear edge web of Embodiment 1;
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the top view position of the web of the wind power blade and the filling composite material in Example 1;
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a form of trailing edge instability
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the effect of solving the instability of the trailing edge after adding the web at the trailing edge
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a form of instability in the bonding area of the trailing edge
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the effect of solving the instability of the trailing edge after adding the trailing edge filling structure.
  • a wind turbine blade with an improved trailing edge structure includes an upper shell 1, a lower shell 2, and a trailing edge 7, and the design near the trailing edge 7 needs to bond the upper shell 1 and the lower shell
  • the area of the casing 2 is filled with multiple strips of composite material 3, which is the trailing edge bonding area 9.
  • the composite material 3 is distributed in strips along the length direction of the blade, and multiple strips of composite material 3 are arranged at intervals in the chord direction of the airfoil. .
  • the arrow mark a in Figure 1 indicates the chord direction of the airfoil.
  • the composite material 3 includes a reinforcing body 32 and a fiber cloth 31 wrapped around the reinforcing body 32, and the material of the reinforcing body 32 includes one or more of foamed PVC, PET, HPE or PMI foam.
  • a web 5 is arranged in the wind power blade, and the web 5 and the trailing edge 7 enclose a trailing edge cavity, and a trailing edge web 4 is arranged in the trailing edge cavity; the trailing edge web 4
  • the starting point 41 along the blade length direction is set at 12-15% of the total blade length area from the blade root, and the end point 42 of the trailing edge web 4 along the blade length direction is set at 57-60% of the total blade length area from the blade root.
  • each segment is 80 mm wide, and the distance between the two segments is about 80 mm;
  • the trailing edge web 4 and the The area enclosed by the trailing edge 7 is the area between the starting point 41 of the trailing edge web 4 along the length direction of the blade to the end point 42 along the length direction of the blade and the corresponding trailing edge 7 of the section in the length direction of the blade; 4 In the trailing edge bonding area 9 after the end point 42 along the length direction of the blade, the composite material 3 is divided into three sections in the chord direction of the airfoil, each section has a width of 80mm, and the distance between two sections is about 80mm.
  • the upper side and the lower side of the rear edge web 4 are laterally widened into an upper foot plate 43 and a lower foot plate 44, and the upper foot plate 43 and the lower foot plate 44 of the rear edge web 4 are respectively defined in the upper shell. 1 and the lower case 2.
  • the upper shell 1 and lower shell 2 areas defining the upper foot plate 43 and the lower foot plate 44 of the rear edge web 4 are provided with rear edge auxiliary beams 45 made of unidirectional fiber cloth.
  • Figures 6, 7, 8, and 9 are schematic diagrams of two typical forms of trailing edge instability and the effect of solving the instability after adding trailing edge webs and trailing edge filling structures. How the edge instability problem works.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种改进后缘结构的风电叶片及其制作方法，风电叶片包括上壳体、下壳体与后缘，上壳体、下壳体与后缘围成的后缘粘接区域内填充有复合材料，所述复合材料在翼型弦向方向断开；制作方法包括以下步骤：S1.制作截面形状与后缘填充区域的截面形状一致的多段复合材料增强体；S2.将增强体、纤维布与上壳体一体成型，设置下壳体，将上壳体与下壳体合膜并加热，最终固化成型。本发明断开的填充结构设计减少了粘接胶和复合材料增强体的用量，小腹板可以增强后缘区域强度，减少后缘粘接宽度，综合实现风电叶片的轻量化。

Description

一种改进后缘结构的风电叶片及其制作方法 技术领域
本发明属于风力发电技术领域，尤其涉及一种改进后缘结构的风电叶片风电叶片后缘结构及其制作方法。
背景技术
风电叶片随着风能捕获需求越来越长，叶片弦向宽越来越宽，叶片重量增加、重心向叶尖偏移导致重力疲劳载荷和离心载荷显著增大，叶片与机组可靠性降低、成本增加，风电叶片的轻量化逐渐成为叶片族系延长设计技术的热点。为了减轻风电叶片的重量，现有的风电叶片将叶片腹板由两个减少为一个，使得后缘区域的空腔更大，在这些空腔区域叶片极易出现失稳失效的问题。
目前存在的风电叶片后缘维稳结构包括：(1)设计填充泡沫，对叶片后缘区域起到支撑作用，但大量填充硬质泡沫同样为风电叶片增加了重量；(2)增加后缘腹板，但叶片后缘粘接区域位置狭窄，布置后缘腹板具有困难。
因此，风电叶片领域仍缺乏一种既能减轻叶片整体重量，又能达到稳定效果的后缘结构设计。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是风电叶片后缘失稳并同时实现轻量化，克服以上背景技术中提到的不足和缺陷，提供一种改进后缘结构的风电叶片风电叶片后缘结构及其制作方法。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提出的技术方案为：
一种改进后缘结构的风电叶片，包括上壳体、下壳体与后缘，其特征在于，在所述后缘附近设计的需要粘结上壳体和下壳体的区域填充有多条复合材料，所述复合材料沿叶片长度方向呈条状分布，多条复合材料在翼型弦向方向间隔排列。翼型弦向方向如图1中箭头a所示。
优选的，所述复合材料包括增强体和增强体四周包裹的纤维布，所述增强体的材料包括发泡的PVC、PET、HPE或PMI泡沫中的一种或多种。
优选的，所述复多条复合材料中的第一条复合材料紧贴着后缘，后续每段复合材料与前一段复合材料隔开距离。
优选的，所述增强体截面形状与后缘粘接区域的截面形状一致。
优选的，所述风电叶片内部有一腹板，腹板与后缘围成一后缘腔体，所述后缘腔体内布置有后缘腹板。
优选的，所述后缘腹板沿叶片长度方向的起点设置在距叶根12-15％的叶片总长区域，后缘腹板沿叶片长度方向的终点设置在距叶根57-60％的叶片总长区域。
优选的，所述多条复合材料在翼型弦向方向间隔设置的数量随叶片长度方向发生变化，在所述后缘和后缘腹板之间的区域内设置数量少于叶片叶尖处附近设置的数量。
更具体分布为：在所述后缘和后缘腹板之间的区域内，复合材料在翼型弦向方向分为1-2段，每段宽度为50-80mm，每段间距为80-100mm；在所述的后缘腹板沿叶片长度方向的终点以后的后缘粘接区域内，复合材料在翼型弦向方向分为2-3段，每段宽度为50-80mm，每段间距为80-100mm，后缘和后缘腹板之间的区域内复合材料的数量少于叶片叶尖处附近的数量。
后缘腹板终点以后的区域内支撑减少，后缘失稳的可能性增加，稳定性相对较差，故而填充的泡沫段数较后缘腹板与后缘围成的区域更多，在使用断开填充结构保证轻量化的同时，又增加了后缘的稳定性，减小失稳风险。
优选的，所述后缘腹板的上侧和下侧横向扩宽为上脚板和下脚板，并将后缘腹板的上脚板和下脚板分别限定在上壳体和下壳体上。
优选的，所述限定后缘腹板的上脚板和下脚板的上壳体和下壳体区域布置有后缘辅梁，所述后缘辅梁的材料包括单向纤维布、玻纤拉挤板或碳拉挤板中的一种或多种。
后缘辅梁能够提高叶片刚度，并与后缘腹板组成工字梁结构。
在同一个技术构思下，本发明还提供一种改进后缘结构的风电叶片的制作方法，包括以下步骤：
S1.在所述后缘附近设计需要粘结上壳体和下壳体的后缘粘接区域，制作截面形状与后缘填充区域的截面形状一致的多段复合材料增强体；
S2.将增强体、纤维布设置在下壳体上，将上壳体与下壳体合膜并加热，通过树脂灌注工艺一体固化成型。
优选的，S1中所述制作截面形状与后缘填充区域的截面形状一致的多段增强体具体包括以下步骤：
a.制作成型上壳体和下壳体；
b.在塑料薄膜中包裹结构胶，并放置在预组装后的上壳体和下壳体之间的后缘填充区域；
c.开启模具加热，使结构胶固化成型得到一后缘填充区域增强模板；
d.基于上述整体增强模板并根据设计参数，每隔一段距离选取截面获得增强模板截面形状(即后缘填充区域腔体形状)，绘制多个增强体轮廓坐标图；
e.根据轮廓坐标图加工多个增强体。
在塑料薄膜中包裹结构胶能够防止结构胶固化后与上壳体、下壳体粘接在一起，导致难以取出等问题。
优选的，所述制作方法还包括后缘腹板与后缘辅梁的装配方法，具体为：
a.在上壳体和下壳体上铺设与后缘腹板上下面相配合的后缘辅梁；
b.将增强体、纤维布设置在下壳体上；
c.将后缘腹板粘接在下壳体对应的后缘辅梁上；
d.将上壳体与下壳体合膜并加热，通过树脂灌注工艺一体固化成型。
优选的，所述将后缘腹板粘接至下壳体上，需在后缘腹板与后缘辅梁间保证粘接间隙。
优选的，所述保证粘接间隙具体为每间隔2-4m铺设垫块。
铺设垫块能够垫出粘接间隙，有助于后缘腹板的上下脚板固定在后缘辅梁上，同时能够预留出填充结构胶的空隙，有助于合装时固化成型。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果为：
(1)后缘粘接区域内填充的复合材料在翼型弦向方向断开，在为后缘填充区域提供支撑，增强后缘结构稳定性的同时，断开的填充结构设计减少了粘接胶和复合材料增强体的用量，实现风电叶片的轻量化；同时复合材料填充灵活，可以在不存在后缘腹板的区域增加一段复合材料，以加强叶片后缘区域的稳定性。
(2)后缘区域设计有小腹板，可以增强后缘区域强度，从而减少后缘粘接宽度，进而实现叶片轻量化；
(3)下腹板采用上下脚板的设计，并与之对应在上下壳体上设置后缘辅梁，使其能够稳定布置在空间窄小的后缘区域，进一步增强了后缘结构的稳定性；
(4)公开了与后缘填充结构和小腹板结构配套的制作方法，方法操作简单，实现了增强后缘结构的稳定性和轻量化的目的，适宜大规模工业化。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为实施例1风电叶片含后缘腹板区域的后缘结构整体截面图；
图2为实施例1风电叶片后缘腹板沿叶片长度方向的终点以后的后缘粘接区域填充结构截面图；
图3为实施例1复合材料截面图；
图4为实施例1后缘腹板截面图；
图5为实施例1风电叶片腹板与填充复合材料的俯视位置示意图；
图6为一种后缘失稳形式示意图；
图7为增加后缘腹板后解决后缘失稳后效果示意图；
图8为一种后缘粘接区域失稳形式示意图；
图9为增加后缘填充结构后解决后缘失稳后效果示意图。
图中，1、上壳体；2、下壳体；3、复合材料；4、后缘腹板；5、腹板；7、后缘；9、后缘粘接区域；31、纤维布；32、增强体；41、起点；42、终点；43、上脚板；44、下脚板；45、后缘辅梁。
具体实施方式
为了便于理解本发明，下文将结合说明书附图和较佳的实施例对本发明做更全面、细致地描述，但本发明的保护范围并不限于以下具体实施例。
除非另有定义，下文中所使用的所有专业术语与本领域技术人员通常理解含义相同。本文中所使用的专业术语只是为了描述具体实施例的目的，并不是旨在限制本发明的保护范围。
除非另有特别说明，本发明中用到的各种原材料、试剂、仪器和设备等均可通过市场购买得到或者可通过现有方法制备得到。
实施例1：
一种改进后缘结构的风电叶片，如图2、图3所示，包括上壳体1、下壳体2和后缘7，在后缘7附近设计的需要粘结上壳体1和下壳体2的区域填充有多条复合材料3，该区域为后缘粘接区域9，所述复合材料3沿叶片长度方向呈条状分布，多条复合材料3在翼型弦向方向间隔排列。图1中箭头标注a表示翼型弦向方向。
复合材料3包括增强体32和增强体32四周包裹的纤维布31，所述增强体32的材料包括发泡的PVC、PET、HPE或PMI泡沫中的一种或多种。
如图1、图5所示，风电叶片中布置有一腹板5，腹板5与后缘7围成一后缘腔体，后缘腔体内布置有后缘腹板4；后缘腹板4沿叶片长度方向的起点41设置在距叶根12-15％的叶片总长区域，后缘腹板4沿叶片长度方向的终点42设置在距叶根57-60％的叶片总长区域。
如图1、图5所示，在后缘粘接区域9铺设有两段复合材料3，第一段复合材料3的增强体32紧贴后缘7，第二段复合材料3与第一段复合材料3之间在翼型弦向方向间隔约80mm， 两段复合材料3宽度约80mm；如图2、图5所示，在后缘腹板4沿叶片长度方向的终点42以后的后缘粘接区域9内，后缘粘接区域9内没有后缘腹板4支撑，故相较于后缘腹板4和后缘7围成的区域增加一段复合材料3，宽度为80mm，与复合材料3在翼型弦向方向间隔约80mm。
最终，后缘腹板4和后缘7围成的区域内，复合材料3在翼型弦向方向存在2段，每段宽度为80mm，两段之间间距约80mm；后缘腹板4和后缘7围成的区域即后缘腹板4沿叶片长度方向的起点41到沿叶片长度方向的终点42与该段在叶片长度方向对应的后缘7之间的区域；在后缘腹板4沿叶片长度方向的终点42以后的后缘粘接区域9内，复合材料3在翼型弦向方向分为3段，每段宽度为80mm，两段之间的间距约80mm。
如图4所示，后缘腹板4的上侧和下侧横向扩宽为上脚板43和下脚板44，并将后缘腹板4的上脚板43和下脚板44分别限定在上壳体1和下壳体2上。
限定后缘腹板4的上脚板43和下脚板44的上壳体1和下壳体2区域布置有后缘辅梁45，所述后缘辅梁45材料为单向纤维布。
本实施例风电叶片后缘结构采用的制作方法如下：
S1.制作截面形状与后缘填充区域9的截面形状一致的多段复合材料增强体32，具体为：
1)制备上壳体1和下壳体2；
2)预组装上壳体1和下壳体2，确认上壳体1和下壳体2之间不存在干涉；
3)在塑料薄膜中包裹结构胶，并放置在预组装后的上壳体1和下壳体2之间后缘粘接区域，预组装上壳体1和下壳体2；
4)开启模具加热，使塑料薄膜中包裹结构胶固化成型得到一后缘填充区域增强模板；
5)基于上述整体增强模板并根据设计参数，每隔0.5m一个截面获得增强模板截面形状，即为后缘粘接区域腔体形状，并绘制后缘填充泡沫轮廓坐标图；
6)根据后缘填充泡沫轮廓图加工多个增强体32；
S2.制作后缘腹板4，具体为：
1)在三维外形中获得备用后缘腹板4；
2)将备用后缘腹板4粘接至上壳体1上，在备用后缘腹板4上脚板43与后缘辅梁间间隔2m垫垫块，并用专用下压工装保证粘接间隙；
3)在下壳体2后缘辅梁区域铺设塑料薄膜，在备用后缘腹板4下脚板44上刮涂结构胶；
4)进行预合模并开启模具加热程序，使结构胶固化；
5)打开模具，吊出带有固化后结构胶的备用后缘腹板4，并将其进行切边处理；
6)以备用后缘腹板4为阳模，翻制出后缘腹板4阴模；
7)制备后缘腹板4；
S3.在上壳体1和下壳体2上铺设与后缘腹板4上下面相配合的后缘辅梁45；S4.将增强体32、纤维布31设置在下壳体2上；将后缘腹板4的上脚板43粘接至上壳体1对应的后缘辅梁45上，并用专用下压工装保证粘接胶厚度，在后缘腹板4下脚板44上刮涂结构胶设置在下壳体2对应的后缘辅梁45上；
S5.将上壳体1与下壳体2合膜开启模具加热程序，增强体32、纤维布31与上壳体1和下壳体2通过真空树脂灌注工艺一体固化成型，后缘腹板4与后缘辅梁45间的结构胶固化成型。
图6、7、8、9分别为两种典型的后缘失稳形式以及增加后缘腹板和后缘填充结构后的解决失稳效果示意图，图中清晰地展示出了本申请方案解决后缘失稳问题的作用方式。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种改进后缘结构的风电叶片，包括上壳体(1)、下壳体(2)与后缘(7)，其特征在于，在所述后缘(7)附近设计的需要粘结上壳体(1)和下壳体(2)的区域填充有多条复合材料(3)，所述复合材料(3)沿叶片长度方向呈条状分布，多条复合材料(3)在翼型弦向方向间隔排列。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的改进后缘结构的风电叶片，其特征在于，所述复合材料(3)包括增强体(32)和增强体(32)四周包裹的纤维布(31)，所述增强体(32)的材料包括发泡的PVC、PET、HPE或PMI泡沫中的一种或多种。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的改进后缘结构的风电叶片，其特征在于，所述多条复合材料(3)中的第一条复合材料(3))紧贴着后缘(7)，后续每段复合材料(3)与前一段复合材料(3)隔开距离。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的改进后缘结构的风电叶片，其特征在于，所述风电叶片内部有一腹板(5)，腹板(5)与后缘(7)围成一后缘腔体，所述后缘腔体内布置有后缘腹板(4)。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的改进后缘结构的风电叶片，其特征在于，所述后缘腹板(4)沿叶片长度方向的起点(41)设置在距叶根12-15％的叶片总长区域，后缘腹板(4)沿叶片长度方向的终点(42)设置在距叶根57-60％的叶片总长区域。
  6. 如权利要求4或5所述的改进后缘结构的风电叶片，其特征在于，所述多条复合材料(3)在翼型弦向方向间隔设置的数量随叶片长度方向发生变化，在所述后缘(7)和后缘腹板(4)之间的区域内设置数量少于叶片叶尖处附近设置的数量。
  7. 如权利要求4或5所述的改进后缘结构的风电叶片，其特征在于，所述后缘腹板(4)的上侧和下侧横向扩宽为上脚板(43)和下脚板(44)，并将后缘腹板(4)的上脚板(43)和下脚板(44)分别限定在上壳体(1)和下壳体(2)上。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的改进后缘结构的风电叶片，其特征在于，限定所述后缘腹板(4)的上脚板(43)和下脚板(44)的上壳体(1)和下壳体(2)区域布置有后缘辅梁(45)，所述后缘辅梁(45)的材料包括单向纤维布、玻纤拉挤板或碳拉挤板中的一种或多种。
  9. 一种改进后缘结构的风电叶片的制作方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    S1.在后缘(7)附近设计需要粘结上壳体(1)和下壳体(2)的后缘粘接区域(9)，制作截面形状与后缘粘接区域(9)的截面形状一致的复合材料增强体(32)；
    S2.将增强体(32)、纤维布(31)设置在下壳体(2)上，将上壳体(1)与下壳体(2)合膜并加热，通过树脂灌注工艺一体固化成型。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的一种改进后缘结构的风电叶片的制作方法，其特征在于，S1中 所述制作截面形状与后缘粘接区域(9)的截面形状一致的增强体(32)具体包括以下步骤：
    a.制作成型上壳体(1)和下壳体(2)；
    b.在塑料薄膜中包裹结构胶，并放置在预组装后的上壳体(1)和下壳体(2)之间的后缘粘接区域(9)；
    c.开启模具加热，使结构胶固化成型得到一后缘填充区域增强模板；
    d.基于上述整体增强模板并根据设计参数，绘制多个增强体轮廓坐标图；
    e.根据轮廓坐标图加工多个增强体(32)。
  11. 如权利要求9所述的一种改进后缘结构的风电叶片的制作方法，其特征在于，所述制作方法还包括后缘腹板(4)与后缘辅梁(45)的装配方法，具体为：
    a.在上壳体(1)和下壳体(2)上铺设与后缘腹板(4)上下面相配合的后缘辅梁(45)；
    b.将增强体(32)、纤维布(31)设置在下壳体(2)上；
    c.将后缘腹板(4)粘接在上壳体(1)、下壳体(2)对应的后缘辅梁(45)上；
    d.将上壳体(1)与下壳体(2)合膜并加热，增强体(32)、纤维布(31)、上壳体(1)和下壳体(2)通过树脂灌注工艺一体固化成型。
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