WO2023026614A1 - 無鉛圧電磁気組成物、および圧電素子 - Google Patents
無鉛圧電磁気組成物、および圧電素子 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023026614A1 WO2023026614A1 PCT/JP2022/021187 JP2022021187W WO2023026614A1 WO 2023026614 A1 WO2023026614 A1 WO 2023026614A1 JP 2022021187 W JP2022021187 W JP 2022021187W WO 2023026614 A1 WO2023026614 A1 WO 2023026614A1
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- lead
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- piezoelectric ceramic
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 35
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 32
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 14
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000009694 cold isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 3
- HFGPZNIAWCZYJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead zirconate titanate Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4].[Zr+4].[Pb+2] HFGPZNIAWCZYJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052451 lead zirconate titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- ZKATWMILCYLAPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium pentoxide Chemical compound O=[Nb](=O)O[Nb](=O)=O ZKATWMILCYLAPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubidium atom Chemical compound [Rb] IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005464 sample preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003826 uniaxial pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/74—Physical characteristics
- C04B2235/78—Grain sizes and shapes, product microstructures, e.g. acicular grains, equiaxed grains, platelet-structures
- C04B2235/786—Micrometer sized grains, i.e. from 1 to 100 micron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/80—Phases present in the sintered or melt-cast ceramic products other than the main phase
Definitions
- the technology disclosed in this specification relates to lead-free piezoelectric magnetic compositions and piezoelectric elements.
- PZT lead zirconate titanate
- a high mechanical quality factor Qm is required. It has been found that a lead-free piezoelectric ceramic composition with a high mechanical quality factor Qm can be obtained by adding manganese (Mn) to an alkali niobate-based perovskite oxide (see Patent Document 1).
- the piezoelectric element disclosed in this specification includes a piezoelectric body made of the lead-free piezoelectric ceramic composition, and an electrode in contact with the piezoelectric body.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a piezoelectric element of an embodiment.
- the piezoelectric element disclosed in this specification includes a piezoelectric body made of the lead-free piezoelectric ceramic composition, and an electrode in contact with the piezoelectric body.
- the mechanical quality factor Qm is improved by solid solution of Mn in the Nb site as an acceptor.
- Mn is difficult to form a solid solution in the alkali niobate perovskite oxide, and tends to segregate as a heterogeneous phase in the lead-free piezoelectric ceramic composition.
- Ba, Ca, and Sr which are divalent elements closer in valence to Mn than alkali metals, dissolve in alkali sites, Mn helps dissolve in Nb sites.
- the lead-free piezoelectric ceramic composition of (1) has the composition formula A2 1-x Ti 1-x Nb 1+x O 5 (where the element A2 is at least one alkali metal and 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.15) and an oxide represented by the composition formula A3Ti 3 NbO 9 (where the element A3 is at least one alkali metal) It may contain a subphase.
- the piezoelectric properties can be improved more than when the lead-free piezoelectric ceramic composition does not have a subphase.
- the average particle size of crystal grains of the alkali niobate-based perovskite-type oxide contained in the main phase may be 0.3 ⁇ m or more and 1.1 ⁇ m or less. do not have.
- the lead-free piezoelectric ceramic composition of this embodiment contains a main phase composed of an alkaline niobate-based perovskite oxide having piezoelectric properties.
- the alkali niobate-based perovskite oxide of this embodiment is represented by the following compositional formula (1).
- the element A1 is at least one of alkali metals.
- Element M1 is at least one of alkaline earth metals Ca (calcium), Sr (strontium), and Ba (barium).
- Element M2 is at least one of Ti (titanium) and Zr (zirconium).
- element A1 and element M1 are arranged at the A site (alkaline site) of the perovskite structure, and Nb (niobium), Mn (manganese) and element M2 are arranged at the B site.
- the values of the coefficients a to e in the above composition formula (1) are selected from the viewpoint of the electrical characteristics or piezoelectric characteristics (especially the piezoelectric constant d 33 ) of the lead-free piezoelectric ceramic composition among the combinations of values that form the perovskite structure. A preferred value is selected.
- the coefficient c for the entire A site satisfies 0.80 ⁇ c ⁇ 1.10, preferably 0.84 ⁇ c ⁇ 1.08, more preferably 0.88 ⁇ c ⁇ 1.07.
- the coefficient e is a positive or negative value that indicates the deficiency or excess of oxygen with respect to the coefficient of oxygen, which is usually 3.
- the coefficient of oxygen (3+e) can take values that make the main phase a perovskite oxide.
- the value of the coefficient e can be calculated from the electrically neutral condition of the composition of the main phase. However, as the composition of the main phase, a composition slightly deviating from the electrically neutral condition is also acceptable.
- the coefficients b, d2, and d3 satisfy b/(d2+d3)>1.0. If the coefficients b, d2, and d3 take values within this range, a lead-free piezoelectric ceramic composition with a high mechanical quality factor Qm can be obtained. The reason is presumed to be as follows.
- the mechanical quality factor Qm improves when Mn dissolves in the Nb site as an acceptor.
- Mn is difficult to form a solid solution in the alkali niobate perovskite oxide, and tends to segregate as a heterogeneous phase in the lead-free piezoelectric ceramic composition.
- the easiness of solid solution is thought to depend on the ionic radius and valence of the metal atom that dissolves. It is considered difficult.
- the divalent elements Ba, Ca, and Sr tend to form a solid solution in the A site where the monovalent alkali metal is arranged.
- the upper limit of b/(d2+d3) is not particularly limited, but b/(d2+d3) ⁇ 2.0 is preferable.
- the alkali niobate-based perovskite-type oxide represented by the above composition formula (1) preferably contains at least one of K (potassium), Na (sodium), and Li (lithium) as the element A1.
- the oxide contains at least one of K, Na, and Li as the element A1, at least one of Ca, Sr, and Ba as the element M1, and at least one of Ti and Zr as the element M2.
- the compositional formula (1) can be rewritten as the following compositional formula (1a).
- Coefficients a1 and a2 of K and Na are typically 0 ⁇ a1 ⁇ 0.6 and 0 ⁇ a2 ⁇ 0.6.
- the coefficient a3 of Li may be zero, but preferably 0 ⁇ c ⁇ 0.2, more preferably 0 ⁇ c ⁇ 0.1.
- oxides containing K, Na, and Nb as main metal components are referred to as "KNN” or "KNN materials.”
- KNN alkali niobate-based perovskite-type oxides represented by the above composition formula (1a)
- oxides containing K, Na, and Nb as main metal components are referred to as "KNN” or "KNN materials.”
- the lead-free piezoelectric magnetic composition has excellent piezoelectric properties, electrical properties, insulation properties, and high-temperature durability, and does not exhibit abrupt changes in properties between -50°C and +150°C. can be obtained.
- a typical composition of the main phase is (K,Na,Li,Ca,Ba) c (Nb,Mn,Ti,Zr)O3 +e .
- the lead-free piezoelectric ceramic composition of the present embodiment includes a subphase composed of either an oxide represented by the following compositional formula (2) or an oxide represented by the following compositional formula (3): may contain.
- the element A2 is at least one of alkali metals, preferably at least one of K, Rb (rubidium), and Cs (cesium).
- the coefficient x is 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 0 . 15. If the coefficient x takes a value within this range, the structure of the subphase is stabilized and a uniform crystal phase can be obtained. From the viewpoint of structural stability of the subphase, the coefficient x preferably satisfies 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.15 when the element A2 is K or Rb, and 0 ⁇ x when the element A2 is Cs. It is preferable to satisfy ⁇ 0.10.
- element A3 is at least one of alkali metals, and preferably at least one of K, Rb, and Cs.
- the secondary phase does not have piezoelectric properties, but when mixed with the main phase, it improves sinterability and also improves insulation. It is also believed that it contributes to preventing the phase transition point from occurring between -50°C and +150°C.
- the secondary phase is a layered structure compound (or layered compound), and it is presumed that the fact that it is a layered structure compound contributes to the improvement of the insulating properties of the piezoelectric ceramic composition and the function of preventing the phase transition point from occurring. be done.
- the content of the subphase may be more than 0 mol % and less than 20 mol %, preferably 2 mol % or more and 15 mol % or less, more preferably 2 mol % or more and 10 mol % or less.
- oxides represented by the compositional formula (2) or (3) oxides containing Nb, Ti and K as main metal components are called "NTN materials". By using this oxide, it is possible to obtain a lead-free piezoelectric magnetic composition which is inexpensive and has excellent piezoelectric properties.
- a piezoelectric element 10 of this embodiment includes a piezoelectric body 11 and electrodes 12 and 13 in contact with the piezoelectric body 11 .
- the piezoelectric body 11 is made of the lead-free piezoelectric ceramic composition and has a disk shape.
- One of the electrodes 12 and 13 is arranged on one surface of the piezoelectric body 11 and the other is arranged on the other surface of the piezoelectric body 11 , so that the piezoelectric body 11 is sandwiched between the electrodes 12 and 13 .
- the necessary powders are selected from the raw material powders of the main phase, and weighed so as to obtain the desired composition.
- the raw material powder may be an oxide, carbonate, or hydroxide of each element contained in the main phase.
- Ethanol is added to these raw material powders, and the mixture is wet-mixed in a ball mill for preferably 15 hours or more to obtain a slurry.
- the mixed powder obtained by drying the obtained slurry is calcined, for example, at 600 to 1000° C. for 1 to 10 hours in an air atmosphere to obtain a main phase calcined product.
- the necessary materials are selected from the subphase raw material powders and weighed so as to obtain the desired composition.
- the raw material powder may be an oxide, carbonate, or hydroxide of each element contained in the subphase.
- ethanol is added to these raw material powders and wet-mixed in a ball mill for preferably 15 hours or more to obtain a slurry.
- the mixed powder obtained by drying the obtained slurry is calcined, for example, at 600 to 1000° C. for 1 to 10 hours in an air atmosphere to obtain a subphase calcined product.
- the main-phase calcined material and the sub-phase calcined material are weighed, and a dispersant, a binder, and ethanol are added and pulverized and mixed in a ball mill to form a slurry.
- a dispersant, a binder, and ethanol are added and pulverized and mixed in a ball mill to form a slurry.
- the raw material powders not selected in the step of obtaining the main phase calcined material and the subphase calcined material may be weighed and added to the slurry. .
- the slurry may be calcined again, pulverized and mixed.
- the resulting slurry is dried, granulated, and formed into a desired shape by, for example, uniaxial pressing at a pressure of 20 MPa.
- CIP treatment cold isostatic pressing treatment
- a piezoelectric body is obtained by holding the obtained CIP pressed body at, for example, 900 to 1300° C. for 1 to 10 hours and firing it in an air atmosphere. This firing may be performed in an oxygen atmosphere.
- An electrode is formed on the surface of the obtained piezoelectric body by, for example, a sputtering method, and a polarization treatment is performed to obtain a piezoelectric element.
- the manufacturing method described above is merely an example, and various other processes and processing conditions for manufacturing piezoelectric elements can be used.
- the raw materials instead of separately producing calcined products of the main phase and the sub-phase in advance and then mixing and sintering the powders of the two, the raw materials are mixed in an amount ratio according to the composition of the final lead-free piezoelectric ceramic composition and sintered.
- the composition of the main phase and the sub-phase can be controlled more strictly, so that the yield of the lead-free piezoelectric ceramic composition can be increased. is possible.
- the lead-free piezoelectric ceramic composition and piezoelectric element of the present embodiment can be widely used for vibration detection applications, pressure detection applications, oscillation applications, piezoelectric device applications, and the like.
- sensors that detect various vibrations knock sensors, combustion pressure sensors, etc.
- vibrators, actuators, piezoelectric devices such as filters, high voltage generators, micro power sources, various drive devices, position control devices, vibration suppression devices, It can be used for fluid discharge devices (paint discharge, fuel discharge, etc.).
- the lead-free piezoelectric ceramic composition and piezoelectric element of this embodiment are particularly suitable for applications requiring excellent thermal durability (for example, knock sensors, combustion pressure sensors, etc.).
- Ethanol was added to these raw material powders and wet-mixed in a ball mill for 15 hours or more to obtain a slurry.
- a mixed powder obtained by drying the obtained slurry was calcined at 600 to 1000° C. for 1 to 10 hours in an air atmosphere to obtain a first calcined powder.
- Second calcination step Select the necessary one from among CaCO 3 powder, SrCO 3 powder, BaCO 3 powder, MnO 2 powder, TiO 2 powder, and ZrO 2 powder. Each powder was weighed so that the molar percentage of metal atoms in each powder with respect to the oxide represented by (4) was the value shown in Table 2, and added to the first calcined powder.
- a slurry was obtained by adding ethanol to a mixture of these raw material powders and the first calcined powder and wet-mixing the mixture in a ball mill for 15 hours or longer.
- a mixed powder obtained by drying the obtained slurry was calcined at 600 to 1000° C. for 1 to 10 hours in an air atmosphere to obtain a second calcined powder.
- a piezoelectric body was obtained by sintering the obtained compact while holding it at 1000 to 1300° C. for 1 to 10 hours in an air atmosphere.
- This piezoelectric body is composed of a lead-free piezoelectric magnetic composition comprising an alkaline niobate-based perovskite oxide represented by the composition formula (1a).
- Electrodes made of Au were formed on both the front and back surfaces of the obtained piezoelectric body by a sputtering method. After forming the electrodes, the piezoelectric body was subjected to polarization treatment by applying an electric field of 5 kv/mm in silicone oil at 50°C. 1-14 was obtained.
- Test Method The obtained sample was measured using an impedance analyzer (manufactured by Keysight Technologies, E4990A), and the dielectric constant ⁇ 33 T / ⁇ 0 was calculated from the capacitance value at 1 kHz at room temperature. Also, the mechanical quality factor Qm was obtained by the resonance-antiresonance method. Those having a value of mechanical quality factor Qm of 500 or more were judged to be non-defective products.
- P M1 is the total molar percentage of Ba atoms, Ca atoms and Sr atoms in the raw material powder added to the first calcined powder in (2)
- P M2 is the total molar percentage of Ti atoms and Zr atoms
- P Mn is the molar percentage of Mn atoms
- the obtained values are shown in Table 3 together with the relative permittivity ⁇ 33 T / ⁇ 0 and the mechanical quality factor Qm.
- the molar percentages of Ba atoms, Ca atoms, Sr atoms, Mn atoms, Ti atoms, and Zr atoms are the coefficients b1, b2, b3, and d2 of Ba, Ca, Sr, Ti, and Zr in the composition formula (1a). , d31 and d32.
- the total P M1 of the molar percentages of Ba atoms, Ca atoms, and Sr atoms is the sum of the coefficients b1, b2, and b3 of Ba, Ca, and Sr in the composition formula (1a) ( value of the coefficient b)
- the total P M2 of the molar percentages of Ti atoms and Zr atoms is the sum of the coefficients d31 and d32 of Ti and Zr in the composition formula (1a) (composition The value of coefficient d3 in equation (1)).
- the sample No. obtained. 15-22, and sample No. of the above test example. 1 and 4 were imaged at 10,000 times using SEM.
- the obtained image was subjected to image processing using image processing software imageJ, and the average value of the particle diameters of the crystal grains contained in the image (10 ⁇ m ⁇ 10 ⁇ m) was taken as the average particle diameter.
- the dielectric constant ⁇ 33 T / ⁇ 0 and the mechanical quality factor Qm were determined in the same manner as in the above test example. Those having a value of mechanical quality factor Qm of 500 or more were judged to be non-defective products.
- Results Table 5 shows the average particle size, dielectric constant, and mechanical quality factor Qm for each sample.
- the value of P M1 (P M2 +P Mn ) exceeds 1.0, and the average particle size of the crystal particles of the alkali niobate-based perovskite oxide is 0.3.
- Samples 15-17 had a mechanical quality factor Qm of 560 or more, and were particularly excellent in piezoelectric properties.
- Piezoelectric element 11 Piezoelectric bodies 12, 13: Electrodes
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Abstract
Description
(1)本明細書によって開示される無鉛圧電磁器組成物は、組成式(A1aM1b)c(Nbd1,Mnd2,M2d3)O3+e(但し、元素A1はアルカリ金属のうちの少なくとも1種であり、元素M1はBa、Ca、Srのうち少なくとも1種であり、元素M2はTi、Zrのうち少なくとも1種であり、0<a<1、0<b<1、a+b=1であり、cは0.80<c<1.10を満たし、0<d1<1、0<d2<1、0<d3<1、d1+d2+d3=1であり、eは酸素の欠損あるいは過剰を示す値)で表されるニオブ酸アルカリ系ペロブスカイト型酸化物からなる主相を含み、b/(d2+d3)>1.0を満たす。
本明細書によって開示される技術の具体例を、以下に図面を参照しつつ説明する。なお、本発明はこれらの例示に限定されるものではなく、特許請求の範囲によって示され、特許請求の範囲と均等の意味および範囲内でのすべての変更が含まれることが意図される。
[無鉛圧電磁気組成物の構成]
本実施形態の無鉛圧電磁器組成物は、圧電特性を有するニオブ酸アルカリ系ペロブスカイト型酸化物からなる主相を含む。本実施形態のニオブ酸アルカリ系ペロブスカイト型酸化物は、以下の組成式(1)で表される。
本実施形態の圧電素子10は、圧電体11と、圧電体11に接する電極12、13と、を備える。圧電体11は、上記の無鉛圧電磁器組成物により構成され、円板状をなしている。電極12、13のうち一方は圧電体11の一面に配され、他方は圧電体11の他面に配され、電極12、13の間に圧電体11が挟まれた状態となっている。
1.試料の作成
(1)第1仮焼工程
K2CO3粉末、Na2CO3粉末、Li2CO3粉末、Nb2O5粉末の各々を、下記組成式(4)の係数f、g、hが表1に示す比率となるように秤量した。
CaCO3粉末、SrCO3粉末、BaCO3粉末、MnO2粉末、TiO2粉末、ZrO2粉末のうちから必要なものを選択し、第1仮焼粉(上記組成式(4)で表される酸化物)に対する各粉末中の金属原子のモル百分率が表2に示す値となるように秤量して、第1仮焼粉に添加した。
得られた第2仮焼粉に分散剤、バインダ及びエタノールを加えて粉砕・混合してスラリーとした。得られたスラリーを乾燥し、造粒し、圧力20MPaで一軸プレスを行い、円板状に成形した後、圧力150MPaでCIP処理(冷間静水圧成形処理)を行って成形体を得た。
得られた成形体を、大気雰囲気下1000-1300℃で1-10時間保持して焼成することによって圧電体を得た。この圧電体は、上記組成式(1a)で表されるニオブ酸アルカリ系ペロブスカイト型酸化物からなる無鉛圧電磁気組成物により構成される。
得られた圧電体の表裏両面に、スパッタリング法によりAuからなる電極を形成した。電極形成後の圧電体を、50℃のシリコーンオイル中にて、5kv/mmの電解を印加して分極処理を行い、試料No.1-14を得た。
得られた試料について、インピーダンスアナライザ(Keysight Technologies社製、E4990A)を用いて測定を行い、室温、1kHzにおける静電容量の値から比誘電率ε33 T/ε0を算出した。また、共振-反共振法により機械的品質係数Qmを求めた。機械的品質係数Qmの値が500以上であるものを良品と判断した。
各試料について、上記1.(2)で第1仮焼粉に対して添加された原料粉末中のBa原子、Ca原子、Sr原子のモル百分率の合計をPM1、Ti原子、Zr原子のモル百分率の合計をPM2、Mn原子のモル百分率をPMnとし、PM1/(PM2+PMn)の値を求めた。求めた値を、比誘電率ε33 T/ε0および機械的品質係数Qmの値と共に表3に示した。
1.試料の作製および試験方法
第1仮焼工程において、各原料粉末を、上記組成式(4)の係数f、g、h、が表4に示す比率となるように秤量し、第2仮焼工程において、第1仮焼粉に添加する原料粉末中の金属原子のモル百分率が表4に示す比率となるように秤量した他は、上記試験例と同様にして試料を作成し、試料Nо.15-22を得た。
各試料について、平均粒子径、比誘電率、および機械的品質係数Qmの値を表5に示した。
11:圧電体
12、13:電極
Claims (5)
- 組成式(A1aM1b)c(Nbd1,Mnd2,M2d3)O3+e(但し、元素A1はアルカリ金属のうちの少なくとも1種であり、元素M1はBa、Ca、Srのうち少なくとも1種であり、元素M2はTi、Zrのうち少なくとも1種であり、0<a<1、0<b<1、a+b=1であり、cは0.80<c<1.10を満たし、0<d1<1、0<d2<1、0<d3<1、d1+d2+d3=1であり、eは酸素の欠損あるいは過剰を示す値)で表されるニオブ酸アルカリ系ペロブスカイト型酸化物からなる主相を含み、
b/(d2+d3)>1.0
を満たす、無鉛圧電磁器組成物。 - 組成式A21-xTi1-xNb1+xO5(但し、元素A2はアルカリ金属のうちの少なくとも1種であり、0≦x≦0 .15を満たす)で表される酸化物、および組成式A3Ti3NbO9(但し、元素A3はアルカリ金属のうちの少なくとも1種である)で表される酸化物のうち一方の酸化物からなる副相を含む、請求項1に記載の無鉛圧電磁器組成物。
- 前記主相に含まれる前記ニオブ酸アルカリ系ペロブスカイト型酸化物の結晶粒子の平均粒子径が0.3μm以上3.5μm以下である、請求項1または請求項2に記載の無鉛圧電磁器組成物。
- 前記主相に含まれる前記ニオブ酸アルカリ系ペロブスカイト型酸化物の結晶粒子の平均粒子径が0.3μm以上1.1μm以下である、請求項1または請求項2に記載の無鉛圧電磁器組成物。
- 請求項1から請求項4のいずれか1項に記載の無鉛圧電磁器組成物からなる圧電体と、前記圧電体に接する電極と、を備える圧電素子。
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JP2014111529A (ja) * | 2010-01-29 | 2014-06-19 | Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd | 無鉛圧電磁器組成物、それを用いた圧電素子、ノックセンサ、及び、無鉛圧電磁器組成物の製造方法 |
WO2015155933A1 (ja) * | 2014-04-11 | 2015-10-15 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | 無鉛圧電磁器組成物、それを用いた圧電素子、及び、無鉛圧電磁器組成物の製造方法 |
JP2018088524A (ja) * | 2016-11-22 | 2018-06-07 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | 無鉛圧電磁器組成物及び圧電素子 |
JP2019033254A (ja) * | 2017-08-04 | 2019-02-28 | キヤノン株式会社 | 圧電材料、圧電素子、および電子機器 |
JP2019048749A (ja) * | 2017-09-12 | 2019-03-28 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | 無鉛圧電磁器組成物、及び圧電素子 |
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EP4393897A1 (en) | 2024-07-03 |
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KR20240009472A (ko) | 2024-01-22 |
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