WO2023010692A1 - 一种免拆卸的反冲洗结构及闭式散热器 - Google Patents

一种免拆卸的反冲洗结构及闭式散热器 Download PDF

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WO2023010692A1
WO2023010692A1 PCT/CN2021/126082 CN2021126082W WO2023010692A1 WO 2023010692 A1 WO2023010692 A1 WO 2023010692A1 CN 2021126082 W CN2021126082 W CN 2021126082W WO 2023010692 A1 WO2023010692 A1 WO 2023010692A1
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pipe
backwash
cooling water
outlet
water inlet
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PCT/CN2021/126082
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English (en)
French (fr)
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牟晋杰
吕光亮
鲁统浩
徐启宾
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山东日照发电有限公司
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Priority to DE212021000232.3U priority Critical patent/DE212021000232U1/de
Publication of WO2023010692A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023010692A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28G—CLEANING OF INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL SURFACES OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER CONDUITS, e.g. WATER TUBES OR BOILERS
    • F28G9/00—Cleaning by flushing or washing, e.g. with chemical solvents

Definitions

  • the utility model belongs to the technical field of water heat exchangers, in particular to a disassembly-free backwash structure and a closed radiator.
  • the plate heat exchanger is a new type of high-efficiency and compact heat exchanger that has been developed and widely used in recent decades. It consists of a series of stacked parallel thin metal plates with corrugated surfaces. It has the characteristics of small footprint, high heat transfer coefficient, less material consumption and low production cost, and less cooling water consumption during operation. Therefore, it is widely used in the selection of closed water heat exchangers in power plants.
  • the plate-type closed water heat exchanger has high requirements on the cooling water quality due to its narrow heat exchange flow channel.
  • the power plant adopts the method of installing a filter device before the heat exchanger to improve the primary cooling water quality, but it can only prolong the blockage occurrence time. , and cannot completely prevent clogging from occurring. Therefore, the plate heat exchanger needs to be disassembled and cleaned regularly, because of its structural characteristics:
  • the plate heat exchanger In order to prevent the leakage of the operating fluid and the internal leakage between the two fluids, the plate heat exchanger must have a sealing gasket. During operation, the sealing ring needs to bear the influence of pressure and temperature changes, and is eroded by the working fluid, so leakage will inevitably occur, and frequent disassembly and cleaning aggravate the possibility of heat exchanger leakage.
  • the plate-type closed water heat exchangers in many enterprises use seawater as the cooling water, which is taken from the circulating water inlet pipe of the condenser, pressurized by the booster pump, filtered by the electric water filter, and then enters the closed water heat exchanger.
  • the filter mesh of the electric water filter has a pore size of 1.5mm, which can effectively filter large particles of impurities in the seawater used for cooling.
  • sand and silt with a diameter of less than 1.5mm in seawater can still enter the closed water heat exchanger through the electric water filter. After the closed water heat exchanger runs for a long period of time, these silt and fine sand deposits between the heat exchange plates reduce the heat transfer efficiency and increase the temperature of the closed water heat exchanger.
  • the higher ambient temperature and the full-load operation of the unit have a greater demand for closed water, and the heat exchanger needs a large amount of seawater to cool the closed water, which makes silt and sand deposits Speed up, it is very easy to block the cooler.
  • two closed water heat exchangers are used in the design, one for standby and one for transport, and the blocked heat exchanger can be switched and flushed, but too much disassembly and flushing operations greatly increase the burden on maintenance personnel and increase the closed water exchange. Chances of heater leaks.
  • the load reduction operation of the unit caused by the blockage of the closed water heat exchanger occurred many times, which affected the economic benefits of the enterprise.
  • the utility model provides a disassembly-free backwashing structure and a closed radiator, which solves the problem that the current water heat exchanger is easy to block and needs to be disassembled and rinsed for many times, which greatly increases The burden of maintenance personnel also increases the probability of leakage of water heat exchangers, which affects the economic benefits of enterprises.
  • a disassembly-free backwash structure including a cooling water inlet pipe and a cooling water outlet pipe, the outlet of the cooling water inlet pipe and the inlet of the cooling water outlet pipe are both used
  • the cooling water inlet pipe is provided with a first electric door
  • the cooling water outlet pipe is provided with a second electric door, between the second electric door and the inlet of the cooling water outlet pipe
  • a first backwash water inlet branch pipe is connected, the outlet of the first backwash water inlet branch pipe is connected to the cooling water outlet pipe, and a backwash water outlet branch pipe is connected between the first electric door and the outlet of the cooling water inlet pipe
  • the inlet of the backwash outlet branch pipe is connected with the cooling water inlet pipe.
  • first backwash water inlet branch pipe is connected with a first manual door, and the first manual door is used to open or close the first backwash water inlet branch pipe.
  • first backwash inlet pipe is also connected with a second manual door
  • the second manual door is connected in series with the first manual door
  • a pressure gauge is connected between the first manual door and the second manual door, The pressure gauge is used to monitor the pressure of the backwash water in the inner cavity of the first backwash water inlet branch pipe.
  • the inlet of the first backwash water inlet branch pipe is connected with a backwash water source, and the backwash water source is fire-fighting water.
  • a third manual door is provided on the backwash outlet branch pipe, and the third manual door is used to open or close the backwash outlet branch pipe.
  • the backwash outlet branch pipe is arranged on the settling side of the cooling water outlet pipe.
  • first backwash water inlet branch pipe and the backwash water outlet branch pipe are respectively connected to the cooling water outlet pipe and the cooling water inlet pipe by welding.
  • the cooling water inlet pipe is connected with a second backwash water inlet branch pipe
  • the outlet of the second backwash water inlet branch pipe is connected with the cooling water outlet pipe
  • the inlet of the second backwash water inlet branch pipe is arranged between the first electric door and the inlet of the cooling water inlet pipe.
  • a fourth manual door is provided on the second backwash water inlet branch pipe.
  • the utility model also provides a closed water heat exchanger, including the closed water heat exchanger body and the above-mentioned disassembly-free backwash structure, the cooling water inlet of the closed water heat exchanger body is connected to the cooling water The outlet of the water inlet pipe, the cooling water outlet of the closed water heat exchanger body is connected to the inlet of the cooling water outlet pipe.
  • the utility model has at least the following beneficial effects:
  • the utility model provides a disassembly-free backwashing structure.
  • the backwashing outlet branch pipe and the first backwashing water inlet branch pipe are respectively arranged on the cooling water inlet and outlet pipes, and the backwashing water source is connected to the first backwashing water inlet branch pipe.
  • the backwashing direction of the flushing water source is opposite to the flow direction of the cooling water, which can impact the impurities deposited on the water heat exchanger, the cooling water inlet pipe and the cooling water outlet pipe, and carry the impurities out of the outside.
  • the structure is simple. It is only necessary to add a branch pipe to the inlet and outlet pipes of cooling water, and add manual doors to the branch pipes to isolate the system, that is, to complete the technical transformation.
  • first backwash water inlet branch pipe is connected with a first manual door, and the first manual door is used to open or close the first backwash water inlet branch pipe, so that the backwash water source enters the first backwash water inlet branch pipe.
  • a pressure gauge is set between the first manual door and the second manual door, the second manual door can be opened, the first manual door can be closed, and the backwash water pressure in the first backwash inlet branch pipe can be monitored through the pressure gauge , so that the pressure of the flushing water is lower than that of the closed water to prevent leakage and pollute the closed water. After the pressure is appropriate, open the first manual door.
  • the first manual door, the second manual door and the third manual door can cooperate to open or close the overall backwash structure at any time, so that the backwash structure can meet the closed water requirements of the unit at any time with two heat exchangers , improve the load capacity of the unit, and ensure the economic benefits of the unit.
  • the two closed water heat exchangers alternate backwash operation mode, which basically meets the unit's requirements for closed water.
  • the temperature of the closed water can still meet the operation requirements of the unit, and the load limitation caused by the high temperature of the closed water will no longer occur. It greatly improves the economic benefits of unit operation and ensures the safety of unit operation.
  • backwash outlet branch pipe is arranged on the sedimentation side of the cooling water inlet pipe, which is more conducive to the discharge of deposited sediment and silt.
  • the cold water inlet pipe is directly connected to the second backwash water inlet branch pipe, which has the characteristics of simple operation and good backwash effect. Because the backwashing pipeline is a fixed pipeline, no connection operation is required, and only the fourth manual door and the third manual door need to be operated during backwashing; the backwashing water source uses cooling water, the pressure is appropriate and does not need to be adjusted, and the water volume and pressure are sufficient , the effect is excellent, the first backwash water inlet branch is used as a backup backwash pipeline for external water sources.
  • the utility model also provides a closed water heat exchanger, through the above-mentioned backwashing structure, it can be carried out during the normal operation of the unit, and a closed water heat exchanger can be shut down and isolated for a short time, and a small amount of welding construction can be carried out , to complete the transformation.
  • the transformation process is simple and easy, does not affect the normal operation of the unit, and ensures economic benefits.
  • Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model
  • Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of backwash outlet branch pipe and cooling water inlet pipe
  • Fig. 3 is the structural representation of another embodiment of the utility model
  • 1-closed water heat exchanger body 2-backwash outlet branch pipe, 3-third manual door, 4-first electric door, 5-second electric door, 6-cooling water inlet pipe, 7 -Cooling water outlet pipe, 8-first manual door, 9-second manual door, 10-first backwash water inlet branch pipe, 11-pressure gauge, 12-second backwash water inlet branch pipe, 13-fourth manual door.
  • the utility model provides a disassembly-free backwash structure, and strives to solve the problem of easy blockage of the water heat exchanger through technical transformation of the water heat exchanger.
  • two heat exchangers can meet the closed water requirements of the unit, improve the load capacity of the unit, and ensure the economic benefits of the unit.
  • the transformation of the structure of the water heat exchanger first needs to shut down the water heat exchanger to be transformed and take safety isolation measures.
  • the backwashing structure provided by the utility model includes a cooling water inlet pipe 6 and a cooling water outlet pipe 7, the outlet of the cooling water inlet pipe 6 and the inlet of the cooling water outlet pipe 7 are used to connect the water heat exchanger, and the cooling water
  • a first electric door 4 is provided on the water inlet pipe 6, a second electric door 5 is provided on the cooling water outlet pipe 7, and a first backwash inlet branch pipe is connected between the second electric door 5 and the inlet of the cooling water outlet pipe 7 10.
  • the outlet of the first backwash water inlet branch pipe 10 is welded to the cooling water outlet pipe 7, the backwash water outlet branch pipe 2 is connected between the first electric door 4 and the outlet of the cooling water inlet pipe 6, and the backwash water outlet branch pipe 2
  • the inlet and the cooling water inlet pipe 6 are welded and connected.
  • the first backwash water inlet branch pipe 10 is connected with a first manual door 8 and a second manual door 9 in series, a pressure gauge 11 is connected between the first manual door 8 and the second manual door 9, and the pressure gauge 11
  • the pressure of the backwash water in the inner cavity of the first backwash water inlet branch pipe 10 can be monitored to adjust the pressure of the backwash water so that the pressure of the backwash water is lower than that of the closed water to prevent leakage and pollution of the closed water.
  • the backwash water source is connected to the entrance of the first backwash water inlet branch pipe 10.
  • the backwash water source is fire-fighting water.
  • the first manual door 8 is closed.
  • the second manual door 9 is opened, read the reading of the pressure gauge 11, make the flushing water pressure lower than the closed water pressure, open the first manual door 8, and make the backwash water enter the water heat exchanger for backwashing.
  • the backwash outlet branch pipe 2 is provided with a third manual door 3, and the third manual door 3 is used to open or close the backwash outlet branch pipe 2, so that backwash water and impurities flow out.
  • the backwash outlet branch pipe 2 is arranged at the bottom of the cooling water inlet pipe 6 , that is, the sedimentation side of the cooling water inlet pipe 6 , which facilitates the discharge of deposited sediment and silt.
  • the second backwash water inlet branch pipe 12 installs a branch pipe on the cooling water inlet pipe 6, i.e. the second backwash water inlet branch pipe 12, the outlet of the second backwash water inlet branch pipe 12 and The cooling water outlet pipe 7 is connected, the inlet of the second backwash water inlet branch pipe 12 is arranged between the first electric door 4 and the cooling water inlet pipe inlet 6, and the outlet of the second backwash water inlet branch pipe 12 is arranged at the second electric door 9 and the inlet of the cooling water outlet pipe 6, the first backwash water inlet branch pipe 10 is used as a backup backwash pipeline for an external water source.
  • the second backwash water inlet branch pipe 12 is provided with a fourth manual door 13 .
  • the utility model also provides a closed water heat exchanger.
  • the backwash structure of the utility model is applied to the closed water heat exchanger, wherein the cooling water inlet of the closed water heat exchanger body 1
  • the outlet of the cooling water inlet pipe 6 is connected, and the cooling water outlet of the closed water heat exchanger body 1 is connected with the inlet of the cooling water outlet pipe 7 .
  • one closed water heat exchanger is running, and the other is backwashing. Isolate the closed water heat exchanger to be washed, close the closed water side inlet and outlet doors, and close the cooling water side inlet and outlet doors.
  • the backwashing water source is connected to the newly added branch pipe of the cooling water outlet pipe, and the factory uses fire-fighting water. Adjust the backwash water pressure through the second manual door, read the pressure indication, make the flushing water pressure lower than the closed water pressure, prevent leakage and pollute the closed water. After the pressure is suitable, open the first manual door of the backwash water inlet pipe. Then open the third manual door of the backwash outlet branch pipe of the cooling water inlet pipe to backwash the heat exchanger.
  • the backwash outlet branch pipe After the water quality of the backwash outlet branch pipe is clear, and no silt and sand particles continue to wash out, the backwash is over. First close the third manual door of the backwash water outlet branch pipe, and then close the first manual door and the second manual door of the backwash water inlet branch pipe. After the backwash is completed, the closed water heat exchanger is put into operation, and the heat exchanger is operated in isolation for alternate backwashing.
  • the closed water heat exchanger is further modified: the closed water cooling water is directly used for backwashing water source.
  • a branch pipe is led out in front of the cooling water inlet door of the closed water heat exchanger, and after installing a manual door, it is connected to the front of the cooling water outlet electric door as a backwashing water source.
  • this scheme has the characteristics of simple operation and good backwashing effect.
  • the backwashing pipeline is a fixed pipeline, no connection operation is required, and only two manual doors need to be operated during backwashing;
  • the backwashing water source is seawater for cooling, and the pressure is appropriate without adjustment, and the water volume and pressure are sufficient, and the effect is excellent .
  • the former reconstruction scheme is retained as a supplementary method to the latter scheme.
  • the alternate backwash operation mode of the two closed water heat exchangers basically meets the requirements of the unit for closed water. Especially under the condition of high temperature and high unit load in summer, the temperature of the closed water can still meet the operation requirements of the unit, and the load limitation caused by the high temperature of the closed water will no longer occur. It greatly improves the economic benefits of unit operation and ensures the safety of unit operation.
  • the transformation can be carried out during the normal operation of the unit, and a closed water heat exchanger is shut down and isolated for a short time, and a small amount of welding construction can be carried out to complete the transformation.
  • the transformation process is simple and easy, does not affect the normal operation of the unit, and ensures economic benefits.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

一种免拆卸的反冲洗结构，包括冷却水进水管(6)和冷却水出水管(7)，所述冷却水进水管(6)的出口和冷却水出水管(7)的入口均用于连接水换热器，所述冷却水进水管(6)上设有第一电动门(4)，所述冷却水出水管上设有第二电动门(5)，所述第二电动门(5)和冷却水出水管(7)的入口之间连接有第一反冲洗进水支管(10)，所述第一反冲洗进水支管(10)的出口和冷却水出水管(7)连接，所述第一电动门(4)和冷却水进水管(6)的出口之间连接有反冲洗出水支管(2)，所述反冲洗出水支管(2)的入口和冷却水进水管(6)连接；既降低了设备因解体检修清洗造成的损害，有利于延长设备的使用寿命；又降低了检修人力资源的投入，降低人力成本投入。

Description

一种免拆卸的反冲洗结构及闭式散热器 技术领域
本实用新型属于水换热器技术领域，具体属于一种免拆卸的反冲洗结构及闭式散热器。
背景技术
板式换热器是近几十年来得到发展和广泛应用的一种新型高效、紧凑的换热器。它由一系列互相平行、具有波纹表面的薄金属板相叠而成。具有占地面积小，传热系数较高，制作消耗材料少制作成本低，运行冷却水量消耗少的特点。因此，在发电厂闭式水换热器的选择中被广泛选用。
但板式闭式水换热器因其换热流道狭小因此对冷却水质有较高的要求，一般电厂采取换热器前加装过滤装置方式提高一次冷却水水质，但只能延长堵塞发生时间，并不能完全防止堵塞发生。因此板式换热器需要定期进行拆解清洗，因其结构特点：为了防止运行流体的外漏和两流体之间内漏，板式换热器必须要有密封垫圈。运行中密封圈需要承受压力和温度变化影响，而且受着工作流体的侵蚀，难免发生泄漏，而频繁拆卸和清洗更加剧了换热器泄漏的可能性。
目前很多企业中板式闭式水换热器采用冷却水为海水，取自凝汽器循环水入口管，经升压泵加压，电动滤水器过滤，进入闭式水换热器。电动滤水器滤网孔径1.5mm，能有效过滤冷却用海水中的大颗粒杂质。但海水中直径小于1.5mm的沙粒及淤泥依然能通过电动滤水器进入闭式水换热器。在闭式水换热器长周期运行后这些淤泥与细小沙粒沉积在换热板之间降低换热效率，使闭式水温度升高。尤其是在夏季用电高峰时期，较高的环境温度与机组的满负荷运转，对闭式水需求量更大，换热器需要大量海水用以冷却闭式水，这使得淤泥与沙粒沉积加快，极易发生冷却器堵塞。虽然设计上采用两台闭式水换热器，一备一运，堵塞换热器可以进行切换冲洗，但过多的拆装冲洗作业，极大的增加检修人员负担也增加了闭式水换热器的泄漏发生几 率。同时夏季高负荷时期也多次发生因闭式水换热器的堵塞而导致的机组降负荷运行情况，影响了企业经济效益。
实用新型内容
为了解决现有技术中存在的问题，本实用新型提供一种免拆卸的反冲洗结构及闭式散热器，解决目前水换热器易堵塞，需要进行多次拆装冲洗作业，极大的增加检修人员负担也增加了水换热器的泄漏发生几率，影响企业经济效益的问题。
为实现上述目的，本实用新型提供如下技术方案：一种免拆卸的反冲洗结构，包括冷却水进水管和冷却水出水管，所述冷却水进水管的出口和冷却水出水管的入口均用于连接水换热器，所述冷却水进水管上设有第一电动门，所述冷却水出水管上设有第二电动门，所述第二电动门和冷却水出水管的入口之间连接有第一反冲洗进水支管，所述第一反冲洗进水支管的出口和冷却水出水管连接，所述第一电动门和冷却水进水管的出口之间连接有反冲洗出水支管，所述反冲洗出水支管的入口和冷却水进水管连接。
进一步的，所述第一反冲洗进水支管上连接有第一手动门，所述第一手动门用于打开或关闭第一反冲洗进水支管。
进一步的，所述第一反冲洗进水管上还连接有第二手动门，第二手动门和第一手动门串联，第一手动门和第二手动门之间连接有压力表，所述压力表用于监测第一反冲洗进水支管内腔中反冲洗水的压力。
进一步的，所述第一反冲洗进水支管的入口连接有反冲洗水源，所述反冲洗水源采用消防用水。
进一步的，所述反冲洗出水支管上设有第三手动门，所述第三手动门用于打开或关闭反冲洗出水支管。
进一步的，所述反冲洗出水支管布置于冷却水出水管的沉淀侧。
进一步的，所述第一反冲洗进水支管和反冲洗出水支管分别通过焊接连接在冷却水出水管和冷却水进水管上。
进一步的，所述冷却水进水管上连接有第二反冲洗进水支管，所述第二反冲洗进水支管的出口和冷却水出水管连接，所述第二反冲洗进水支管的入口布置于第一电动门和冷却水进水管入口之间，所述第二反冲洗进水支管的出口布置于第二电动门和冷却水出口管的入口之间。
进一步的，所述第二反冲洗进水支管上设有第四手动门。
本实用新型还提供一种闭式水换热器，包括闭式水换热器本体和上述的一种免拆卸的反冲洗结构，所述闭式水换热器本体的冷却水入口连接冷却水进水管的出口，所述闭式水换热器本体的冷却水出口连接冷却水出水管的入口。
与现有技术相比，本实用新型至少具有以下有益效果：
本实用新型提供了一种免拆卸的反冲洗结构，在冷却水进出水管上分别设置反冲洗出水支管和第一反冲洗进水支管，在第一反冲洗进水支管通入反冲洗水源，反冲洗水源的反冲洗方向和冷却水的流动方向相反，能够对沉积在水换热器和冷却水进水管以及冷却水出水管的杂质进行冲击，将杂质携带出外界，本结构简单。只需要在冷却水的进出口管上各增加一个支管，并在支管上增加手动门进行系统隔离，即完成技术改造。不需要对原有设备进行结构和建设上的破坏与改建，保留原有设备体积小，换热效率高等特点。改造成本低。反冲洗操作简单，极大的延长了闭式水换热器解体清洗周期。这既降低了设备因解体检修清洗造成的损害，有利于延长设备的使用寿命；又降低了检修人力资源的投入，降低人力成本投入。
进一步的，第一反冲洗进水支管上连接有第一手动门，第一手动门用于打开或关闭第一反冲洗进水支管，实现反冲洗水源进入第一反冲洗进水支管。减少换热器的拆装清洗频次，降低因拆装所造成的设备损坏，减轻检修人员工作量降低人力成本。
进一步的，第一手动门和第二手动门之间设置压力表，能够打开第二手动门，关闭第一手动门，通过压力表监测第一反冲洗进水支管内的反冲洗水压力，使冲洗水压力低于闭式水压力，防止发生泄漏，污染闭式水，压力合适后，打开第一手动门。
进一步的，第一手动门、第二手动门和第三手动门能够配合随时打开或关闭整体的反冲洗结构，使得反冲洗结构在任何时候做到两台换热器满足机组闭式水要求，提高机组带负荷能力，保证机组经济效益。投运改造后的闭式水换热器之后，两闭式水换热器交替反冲洗运行的方式，基本满足机组对闭式水的要求。尤其是夏季高温高机组负荷条件下，闭式水温度依然能够满足机组运行要求，不再发生因闭式水温高造成负荷受限的情况。极大提高了机组运行经济效益，保证了机组运行安全。
进一步的，反冲洗出水支管布置在冷却水进水管的沉淀侧，更加利于沉积泥沙淤泥的排出。
进一步的，冷水进水管上直接连接第二反冲洗进水支管，具有操作简单，反冲洗效果好的特点。因为反冲洗管路为固定管路，不需要进行连接操作，反冲洗时只需要操作第四手动门和第三手动门；反冲洗水源采用冷却水，压力合适不需要调节，而且水量水压充足，效果极佳，第一反冲洗进水支管作为外接水源的备用反冲洗管路。
本实用新型还提供一种闭式水换热器，通过上述的反冲洗结构，能够在机组正常运行期间开展，短时进行一台闭式水换热器的停运隔离，进行少量的焊接施工，即可完成改造。改造工艺简单易行，不影响机组正常运行，保证经济效益。
附图说明
图1为本实用新型的结构示意图；
图2为反冲洗出水支管和冷却水进水管的结构示意图；
图3为本实用新型的另一实施例的结构示意图；
附图中：1-闭式水换热器本体，2-反冲洗出水支管，3-第三手动门，4-第一电动门，5-第二 电动门，6-冷却水进水管，7-冷却水出水管，8-第一手动门，9-第二手动门，10-第一反冲洗进水支管，11-压力表，12-第二反冲洗进水支管，13-第四手动门。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本实用新型作进一步的说明。
如图1所示，本实用新型提供了一种免拆卸的反冲洗结构，通过对水换热器的技术改造争取解决水换热器易发生堵塞现象。减少换热器的拆装清洗频次，降低因拆装所造成的设备损坏，减轻检修人员工作量降低人力成本。同时在任何时候做到两台换热器满足机组闭式水要求，提高机组带负荷能力，保证机组经济效益。
在本实施例中，水换热器结构的改造首先需将待改造水换热器停运后并做好安全隔离措施。在冷却水出水口管路电动门前加焊一支管，支管上加装两道手动门，在两手动门之间加装一压力表；冷却水进水管路电动门后加焊一支管，支管加装在管道下部，用于放水，支管装设手动门一个。
具体的，本实用新型提供的反冲洗结构包括冷却水进水管6和冷却水出水管7，冷却水进水管6的出口和冷却水出水管7的入口均用于连接水换热器，冷却水进水管6上设有第一电动门4，冷却水出水管7上设有第二电动门5，第二电动门5和冷却水出水管7的入口之间连接有第一反冲洗进水支管10，第一反冲洗进水支管10的出口和冷却水出水管7焊接连接，第一电动门4和冷却水进水管6的出口之间连接有反冲洗出水支管2，反冲洗出水支管2的入口和冷却水进水管6焊接连接。其中，第一反冲洗进水支管10上串联有第一手动门8和第二手动门9，第一手动门8和第二手动门9之间连接有压力表11，通过压力表11能够监测第一反冲洗进水支管10内腔中反冲洗水的压力，从而调节反冲洗水的压力，使冲洗水压力低于闭式水压力，防止发生泄漏，污染闭式水。
通过第一反冲洗进水支管10的入口接入反冲洗水源，本实施例中，反冲洗水源采用消防 用水，反冲洗水进入第一反冲洗进水支管10后，第一手动门8处于关闭状态，第二手动门9打开，读取压力表11的读数，使冲洗水压力低于闭式水压力，打开第一手动门8，使反冲洗水进入水换热器进行反冲洗。
在本实施例中，反冲洗出水支管2上设有第三手动门3，所述第三手动门3用于打开或关闭反冲洗出水支管2，从而流出反冲洗水和杂质。
如图2所示，优选的，反冲洗出水支管2布置于冷却水进水管6的底部，即冷却水进水管6的沉淀侧，有利于沉积泥沙淤泥的排出。
如图3所示，在本实用新型的另一实施例中，在冷却水进水管6上加装一条支管，即第二反冲洗进水支管12，第二反冲洗进水支管12的出口和冷却水出水管7连接，第二反冲洗进水支管12的入口布置于第一电动门4和冷却水进水管入口6之间，第二反冲洗进水支管12的出口布置于第二电动门9和冷却水出水管6的入口之间，第一反冲洗进水支管10作为外接水源的备用反冲洗管路。其中，第二反冲洗进水支管12上设有第四手动门13。
在本实施例中，本实用新型还提供一种闭式水换热器，本实用新型的反冲洗结构应用于闭式水换热器，其中，闭式水换热器本体1的冷却水入口连接冷却水进水管6的出口，闭式水换热器本体1的冷却水出口连接冷却水出水管7的入口。
具体的，正常运行中，一台闭式水换热器运行，另一台进行反冲洗。隔离待冲洗闭式水换热器，将闭式水侧进出口门关闭，冷却水侧进出口门关闭。在冷却水出口管新加支管上接入反冲洗水源，本厂选用消防水。通过第二手动门调整反冲洗水压力，读取压力表示数，使冲洗水压力低于闭式水压力，防止发生泄漏，污染闭式水。压力合适后开启反冲洗水进水管的第一手动门。之后开启冷却水入口管的反冲洗出水支管的第三手动门，进行换热器反冲洗。待反冲洗出水支管水质清澈，无淤泥沙粒继续冲出后，反冲洗结束。先关闭反冲洗水出水支管的第三手动门，再关闭反冲洗水进水支管的第一手动门和第二手动门。反冲洗结束，投入闭式水换热器 运行，隔离运行换热器进行交替反冲洗。
经过一段时间检验，该方案一定程度上缓解了闭式水换热器在高温机组高负荷情况下的快速堵塞情况。但消防水水量较小，冲洗效果较差，而且外接管路操作繁琐。同时在另一实施例中，对闭式水换热器进行了进一步改造：将闭式水冷却水直接用于反冲洗水源。该方案在闭式水换热器冷却水入口门前引出一路支管，加装手动门后接入冷却水出口电动门前，作为反冲洗水源。较前改造方案，本方案具有操作简单，反冲洗效果好的特点。因为反冲洗管路为固定管路，不需要进行连接操作，反冲洗时只需要操作两个手动门；反冲洗水源采用冷却用海水，压力合适不需要调节，而且水量水压充足，效果极佳。前改造方案保留作为后一方案的补充方式。
本实用新型在投运改造后，两闭式水换热器交替反冲洗运行的方式，基本满足机组对闭式水的要求。尤其是夏季高温高机组负荷条件下，闭式水温度依然能够满足机组运行要求，不再发生因闭式水温高造成负荷受限的情况。极大提高了机组运行经济效益，保证了机组运行安全。该改造可以在机组正常运行期间开展，短时进行一台闭式水换热器的停运隔离，进行少量的焊接施工，即可完成改造。改造工艺简单易行，不影响机组正常运行，保证经济效益。
最后应说明的是：以上所述实施例，仅为本实用新型的具体实施方式，用以说明本实用新型的技术方案，而非对其限制，本实用新型的保护范围并不局限于此，尽管参照前述实施例对本实用新型进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本实用新型揭露的技术范围内，其依然可以对前述实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改或可轻易想到变化，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改、变化或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本实用新型实施例技术方案的精神和范围，都应涵盖在本实用新型的保护范围之内。因此，本实用新型的保护范围应以权利要求所述的保护范围为准。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种免拆卸的反冲洗结构，其特征在于，包括冷却水进水管(6)和冷却水出水管(7)，所述冷却水进水管(6)的出口和冷却水出水管(7)的入口均用于连接水换热器，所述冷却水进水管(6)上设有第一电动门(4)，所述冷却水出水管(7)上设有第二电动门(5)，所述第二电动门(5)和冷却水出水管(7)的入口之间连接有第一反冲洗进水支管(10)，所述第一反冲洗进水支管(10)的出口和冷却水出水管(7)连接，所述第一电动门(4)和冷却水进水管(6)的出口之间连接有反冲洗出水支管(2)，所述反冲洗出水支管(2)的入口和冷却水进水管(6)连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种免拆卸的反冲洗结构，其特征在于，所述第一反冲洗进水支管(10)上连接有第一手动门(8)，所述第一手动门(8)用于打开或关闭第一反冲洗进水支管(10)。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种免拆卸的反冲洗结构，其特征在于，所述第一反冲洗进水管(10)上还连接有第二手动门(9)，第二手动门(9)和第一手动门(8)串联，第一手动门(8)和第二手动门(9)之间连接有压力表(11)，所述压力表(11)用于监测第一反冲洗进水支管(10)内腔中反冲洗水的压力。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种免拆卸的反冲洗结构，其特征在于，所述第一反冲洗进水支管(10)的入口连接有反冲洗水源，所述反冲洗水源采用消防用水。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种免拆卸的反冲洗结构，其特征在于，所述反冲洗出水支管(2)上设有第三手动门(3)，所述第三手动门(3)用于打开或关闭反冲洗出水支管(2)。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种免拆卸的反冲洗结构，其特征在于，所述反冲洗出水支管(2)布置于冷却水进水管(6)的沉淀侧。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种免拆卸的反冲洗结构，其特征在于，所述第一反冲洗进水支管(10)和反冲洗出水支管(2)分别通过焊接连接在冷却水出水管(7)和冷却水进水管(6)上。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种免拆卸的反冲洗结构，其特征在于，所述冷却水进水管(6)上连接有第二反冲洗进水支管(12)，所述第二反冲洗进水支管(12)的出口和冷却水出水管(7)连接，所述第二反冲洗进水支管(12)的入口布置于第一电动门(4)和冷却水进水管(6)入口之间，所述第二反冲洗进水支管(12)的出口布置于第二电动门(5)和冷却水出口管(7)的入口之间。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的一种免拆卸的反冲洗结构，其特征在于，所述第二反冲洗进水支管(12)上设有第四手动门(13)。
  10. 一种闭式水换热器，其特征在于，包括闭式水换热器本体和权利要求1-9任意一项所述的一种免拆卸的反冲洗结构，所述闭式水换热器本体(1)的冷却水入口连接冷却水进水管(6)的出口，所述闭式水换热器本体(1)的冷却水出口连接冷却水出水管(7)的入口。
PCT/CN2021/126082 2021-08-02 2021-10-25 一种免拆卸的反冲洗结构及闭式散热器 WO2023010692A1 (zh)

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