WO2023000732A1 - 一种充放电电路和电子设备 - Google Patents

一种充放电电路和电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023000732A1
WO2023000732A1 PCT/CN2022/087903 CN2022087903W WO2023000732A1 WO 2023000732 A1 WO2023000732 A1 WO 2023000732A1 CN 2022087903 W CN2022087903 W CN 2022087903W WO 2023000732 A1 WO2023000732 A1 WO 2023000732A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
charging
circuit
battery
switch
voltage
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/087903
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
邱钰鹏
周海滨
何忠勇
李鹏
Original Assignee
荣耀终端有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 荣耀终端有限公司 filed Critical 荣耀终端有限公司
Priority to EP22758109.7A priority Critical patent/EP4145669B1/en
Priority to US17/910,647 priority patent/US20240204539A1/en
Publication of WO2023000732A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023000732A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
    • H02J7/0019—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using switched or multiplexed charge circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/00032—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange
    • H02J7/00036—Charger exchanging data with battery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
    • H02J7/0016—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using shunting, discharge or bypass circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0031—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using battery or load disconnect circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0048—Detection of remaining charge capacity or state of charge [SOC]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0048—Detection of remaining charge capacity or state of charge [SOC]
    • H02J7/0049—Detection of fully charged condition
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
    • H02J7/00714—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery charging or discharging current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
    • H02J7/007182—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0068—Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of circuit design, in particular to a charging and discharging circuit and electronic equipment capable of charging and discharging a battery.
  • the battery of the product to be charged (such as a mobile phone) is usually a double battery, and the double battery is usually connected in parallel to a charger, such as parallel to the output of a buck charger (BUCK Charger).
  • BUCK Charger is used for charging and discharging path management, because the impedance of the isolation device (ie, path impedance device) between the two batteries and the impedance of the path trace between the two batteries are relatively large.
  • the channel trace impedance of folding machine products is generally large, resulting in a large bias current when charging and discharging double batteries, that is, there is a gap between the current Ibat1 flowing into one battery and the current Ibat2 flowing into the other battery.
  • the channel trace impedance of folding machine products is generally large, resulting in a large bias current when charging and discharging double batteries, that is, there is a gap between the current Ibat1 flowing into one battery and the current Ibat2 flowing into the other battery.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a charging and discharging circuit, which can balance the charging rate of the batteries in the battery pack, make the charging depth of each battery consistent, and prevent one battery from being fully charged while the other battery is not fully charged.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a charging circuit for charging and discharging a battery pack
  • the circuit includes a processing module, a first charging circuit, a first switch, a second switch and an impedance, wherein the The impedance includes the path trace impedance and the path device impedance between the battery pack and the charging and discharging circuit; the first switch and the second switch are respectively connected to the processing module and the first port of the first charging circuit and the battery pack is connected;
  • the first charging circuit is configured to output a voltage through the first port, and the voltage respectively passes through the first switch, the second switch, and the impedance to charge the battery pack, and the first The switch and the second switch are respectively connected to the charging circuit of at least one battery in the battery pack;
  • the processing module is configured to obtain the voltage and/or current of each battery charging circuit in the battery pack, and control the first switch and the second switch to be turned on or off according to the voltage and/or current , to equalize the charge of the batteries in the battery pack.
  • the processing module obtains the charging voltage and/or current of the battery on each charging line, and alternately turns on or off the first switch and the second switch according to the voltage and/or current. Disconnect, so that the voltage difference between the two batteries does not exceed a certain threshold, so as to ensure that each battery in the battery pack can be fully charged at the same time, avoiding that one battery is fully charged while the other battery still has remaining power.
  • the method improves the discharge efficiency of the battery pack, and the charging or discharging rate of each battery is balanced through the switching of the first switch and the second switch, so that the charging depth of each battery is consistent, and the charging efficiency is improved.
  • the circuit further includes a second charging circuit, and the second charging circuit is respectively connected to the processing module and the battery pack;
  • the processing module is further configured to switch the first charging circuit and the second charging circuit when detecting that the voltage and/or current of each battery charging circuit in the battery pack meets a preset condition; wherein, when When switching to the second charging circuit, the second charging circuit provides fast charging services for the battery pack.
  • a second charging circuit is added to the circuit.
  • the second charging circuit can provide fast charging services for the battery pack, the charging efficiency of the battery pack is improved.
  • the first charging circuit is a BUCK charger.
  • the second charging circuit is an SC charger.
  • the SC charger includes a first SC Charger and a second SC Charger.
  • the second charging circuit includes a third switch and a fourth switch, and the third switch and the fourth switch are respectively connected to the battery at least one charging circuit of the battery pack; the processing module is further configured to control the third switch and/or the fourth switch to be turned on or off during the process of charging the battery pack by the second charging circuit, so that The batteries in the battery pack are charged to equalize.
  • the third switch and the fourth switch are turned on or off to control the second charging circuit to charge the battery pack according to different lines, so that the two batteries The voltage difference between them does not exceed a certain threshold to ensure that each battery in the battery pack is charged evenly.
  • the circuit further includes an acquisition circuit, and the acquisition circuit is respectively connected to the battery pack and the processing module; the acquisition circuit uses Collecting the voltage and/or current of each battery charging circuit in the battery pack, and reporting the voltage and/or current to the processing module; the processing module is also used to receive the information reported by the collecting circuit the voltage and/or current.
  • the battery pack includes a first battery and a second battery
  • the battery charging circuit in the battery pack includes a first charging circuit and a second charging circuit.
  • the first charging line charges the battery pack through the first switch
  • the second charging line charges the battery pack through the second switch
  • the processing module is also used to charge the battery pack through the second switch;
  • the first charging circuit controls the first switch to be turned on and the second switch to be turned off, or the first switch to be turned off and the second switch to be turned on, so that The voltage difference between the charging voltage of the first battery and the charging voltage of the second battery is less than or equal to a first threshold.
  • the states of the first switch and the second switch are switched, and each branch is adjusted through the path trace impedance and the path device impedance.
  • the charging rate of a battery line with a high charging voltage is reduced, while the charging rate of a battery line with a low voltage is increased, so as to achieve a balanced charging rate of the two batteries.
  • the processing module is further configured to detect that the voltage and/or current of each battery charging circuit in the battery pack meets a preset condition , switching the first charging circuit and the second charging circuit, including:
  • the processing module is further configured to control switching of the first charging circuit to the second charging circuit when detecting that the voltage and/or current of the battery pack meet a first preset condition; wherein, the The first preset condition is: the charging voltage of the first battery reaches a second threshold, and the charging voltage of the second battery reaches the second threshold.
  • the processing module which controls switching of the first charging circuit to the second charging circuit, includes: the processing module, controlling the third switch to be turned on, and the fourth switch to be turned on.
  • the second threshold can be set freely.
  • the second charging circuit when the second charging circuit is charging the battery pack, uses the third charging circuit and the fourth charging circuit to charge the battery pack. a line to charge the battery pack;
  • the processing module is further configured to control the third switch to be turned on and the fourth switch to be turned off, or the third switch to be turned off and the fourth switch to be turned on, so that the first battery The voltage difference between the charging voltage and the charging voltage of the second battery is less than or equal to a third threshold.
  • the voltage and/or current of the two charging circuits in the battery pack are controlled through the third switch and the fourth switch, and the charging rate of each branch is adjusted through the path trace impedance and the path device impedance, so that The charging rate of a battery line with a high charging voltage is reduced, while the charging rate of a battery line with a low voltage is increased, thereby achieving a balanced charging rate of the two batteries.
  • the processing module is further configured to detect that the voltage and/or current of each battery charging circuit in the battery pack meets a preset condition , switching the first charging circuit and the second charging circuit, including:
  • the processing module is further configured to control switching of the second charging circuit to the first charging circuit when detecting that the voltage and/or current of the battery pack meet a second preset condition; wherein, the The second preset condition is: the charging voltage of the first battery reaches the fourth threshold, and the charging voltage of the second battery reaches the fourth threshold.
  • the processing module controlling switching of the second charging circuit to the first charging circuit includes: the processing module controlling the The first switch is turned on and the second switch is turned off, or both the first switch and the second switch are controlled to be turned on.
  • the processing module is further configured to detect the charging current of at least one of the first charging circuit and the second charging circuit When the cut-off current of the battery is reached, disconnect the current charging circuit from the first charging circuit, and stop charging the battery that has reached the cut-off current.
  • the processing module disconnects the connection between the current charging circuit and the first charging circuit, stops charging the battery that reaches the cut-off current, It includes: the processing module, controlling to change the state of the first switch from on to off, and to change the state of the second switch from off to on.
  • the circuit further includes a power-using circuit, the first charging circuit includes a second port, and the second port is used to connect the power-using circuit. electric circuit;
  • the processing module is further configured to control the second port of the first charging circuit to be connected to the power consumption circuit after the charging of the battery pack is completed, so as to discharge the battery pack.
  • the power-using circuit includes at least one of a PMIC and a SoC.
  • the processing module is further configured to control the first switch to be turned on and the second switch to be turned on during the discharge process of the battery pack. or, the first switch is turned off and the second switch is turned on, so that the voltage difference between the discharge voltage of the first battery and the discharge voltage of the second battery is less than or equal to the fifth threshold.
  • a circuit discharge method is also provided.
  • the second port of the first charging circuit is connected to the power consumption circuit, so as to discharge the power consumption circuit.
  • the voltage difference between the discharge voltage of the first battery and the discharge voltage of the second battery is adjusted by controlling the first switch and the second switch to be turned on or off, so that the discharge voltage of the two batteries The voltage difference does not exceed a certain threshold, such as the fifth threshold, so as to ensure that the discharge rates of the two batteries are balanced.
  • the processing module is further configured to detect that the discharge voltage of the first battery reaches a first shutdown voltage, and/or, the first When the discharge voltage of the second battery reaches the second shutdown voltage, the connection between the power consumption circuit and the battery pack is disconnected.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, the electronic device includes a charging and discharging circuit and a battery pack, and the charging and discharging circuit is used for charging and discharging the battery pack.
  • the charging and discharging circuit is the first aspect and the charging and discharging circuit in any one of the implementation manners of the first aspect.
  • the charging and discharging circuit further includes a power consumption circuit, and the power consumption circuit is connected by the first charging circuit and the charging and discharging circuit.
  • the processing module is connected to consume the power of the battery pack and discharge the battery pack.
  • the power-using circuit includes at least one of a PMIC and a SoC.
  • a collection circuit is further included, and the collection circuit is set in the charging and discharging circuit, or is set outside the charging and discharging circuit
  • the acquisition circuit is configured to acquire the voltage and/or current of each battery charging circuit in the battery pack, and report the voltage and/or current to the processing module.
  • the electronic device further includes a processor and a memory, wherein the processor may be integrated with the processing module described in the first aspect, or be a part of the processing module, and is used to implement all or Some functions.
  • the memory is used to store data and/or computer program instructions, and the data may be the aforementioned various thresholds and preset conditions.
  • the computer program instructions in the memory are executed by the processor, the aforementioned method for charging and discharging the battery pack can be realized.
  • the memory includes, but is not limited to, a read-only memory ROM or a random access memory RAM.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a charging and discharging circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a charging and discharging circuit including a BUCK charger provided in an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a charging and discharging circuit including two charging circuits provided in an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 4a is a schematic circuit diagram of a BUCK charger charging a battery pack provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 4b is a schematic circuit diagram of a battery pack discharged by a BUCK charger provided in an embodiment of the present application;
  • Figure 5a is a schematic diagram of the BUCK charger provided by the embodiment of the present application using the first charging circuit to charge the battery pack;
  • Fig. 5b is a schematic diagram of the BUCK charger provided by the embodiment of the present application using the second charging circuit to charge the battery pack;
  • Figure 6a is a schematic diagram of the SC charger provided by the embodiment of the present application using the third charging line to charge the battery pack;
  • Fig. 6b is a schematic diagram of the SC charger provided by the embodiment of the present application using the fourth charging line to charge the battery pack;
  • FIG. 7 is a flow chart of a method for charging a battery pack provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the charging voltage difference of two charging circuits and the first threshold provided by the embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 9 is a flow chart of a method for discharging a battery pack provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 10a is a schematic diagram of discharging a battery pack provided by an embodiment of the present application using a first discharge circuit
  • Fig. 10b is a schematic diagram of discharging a battery pack provided by an embodiment of the present application using a second discharge line;
  • FIG. 11 is a time sequence diagram of a charging and discharging process of a battery provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the technical solution of the present application can be applied to a scene of charging and discharging an electronic product or electronic device, wherein the electronic product is suitable for an electronic product, the electronic product or electronic device may be a terminal device.
  • the terminal device may be a portable device, such as a smart terminal, a mobile phone, a notebook computer, a tablet computer, a personal computer (personal computer, PC), a personal digital assistant (personal digital assistant, PDA), a foldable terminal, Wearable devices with wireless communication functions (such as smart watches or bracelets), user equipment (user device) or user equipment (UE), game consoles, and augmented reality (augmented reality, AR) ⁇ virtual reality (virtual reality) reality, VR) equipment, etc.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific equipment form of the terminal equipment.
  • the various terminal devices mentioned above are equipped with Android (Android), Apple (IOS) or HarmonyOS (HarmonyOS) systems.
  • FIG. 1 it is a schematic diagram of a charging circuit provided by this embodiment.
  • the circuit includes: two charging circuits that can charge the battery pack, a processing module for controlling the switching of the two charging circuits, and components such as the battery pack and sensors.
  • a processing module for controlling the switching of the two charging circuits
  • components such as the battery pack and sensors.
  • electrical circuits such as a system on chip (System on Chip, SoC) and the like.
  • SoC System on Chip
  • one of the two charging circuits is an ordinary charger, and the other is a fast charging charger that can provide fast charging services for batteries.
  • the fast charging charger can be an SC charger (SC charger), and the SC is a switching capacitor (Switching Capacitor, SC), and the ordinary charger can be a BUCK charger (BUCK charger), wherein BUCK can be translated as a drop pressure.
  • SC charger SC charger
  • BUCK charger BUCK charger
  • the two chargers are connected with the processing module, and the processing module is used for switching the two chargers.
  • the BUCK charger includes a switch for switching the circuit, and the switch is used to switch the circuit between the system voltage (Vsys) or the battery voltage (Vbat).
  • the battery pack generally includes two batteries, namely battery 1 and battery 2, and the battery pack is connected to the aforementioned two charging circuits and processing modules, and the connection between battery 1 and battery 2 and between the battery pack and the charging circuit Include impedances such as via device impedance and/or via trace impedance.
  • the magnitude of the impedance can be set by itself, for example, it is generally 0-20m ⁇ (milliohm).
  • the sensor may include a sensor 1 and a sensor 2, which are used to collect the voltage and/or current of each battery, and then report the charging and discharging voltage and current of each battery to the processing module.
  • the sensor can collect the voltage and/or current periodically or in real time; the processing module controls whether the two charging circuits charge and discharge the battery pack according to the voltage and/or current reported by the sensor.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a charging and discharging circuit, which adds a switching device on the basis of the original circuit structure, and switches the charging circuit of the battery pack through the switching device to balance the charging and discharging of the double batteries.
  • FIG. 2 it is a structural diagram of a charging and discharging circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the charging and discharging circuit 100 is used to charge and discharge a battery pack 200 .
  • the circuit 100 includes: a processing module, a first charging circuit, a first switch (Switch1), a second switch (Switch2) and an impedance, the impedance including the path device impedance and and/or via trace impedance.
  • the impedance of the access device refers to the impedance included in the circuit device
  • the impedance of the access trace refers to the impedance between at least one energized line, such as the impedance between two batteries in the battery pack, or the transmission line between the battery pack and the charging and discharging line impedance etc.
  • the value of the impedance is 10m ⁇ -20m ⁇ (milliohms), and the voltage drop generated by the impedance changes with the change of the current, that is, the larger the current, the larger the voltage drop generated by the path impedance.
  • the first charging circuit is a step-down charging circuit, such as a BUCK charger, which is used to implement low-voltage trickle charging and constant voltage (Constant voltage, CV) low-current charging of the battery pack, as well as path management functions during discharging.
  • the first charging circuit includes a first port and a second port. Wherein, the voltage Vbat (Voltage of Battery) output by the first port is used to charge the battery pack; the voltage Vsys (Voltage of System) output by the second port is used to supply power to the system or the electric circuit, so the first The port outputs the charging voltage Vbat, and the second port outputs the discharging voltage Vsys.
  • Vbat Voltage of Battery
  • Vsys Voltage of System
  • the first charging circuit may further include more ports such as a third port and a fourth port, and these ports may be used to connect the processing module and the main line.
  • the third port is connected to the processing module
  • the fourth port is connected to the main line
  • Vbus indicates the voltage of the main line.
  • the first port of the first charging circuit is connected to the battery pack through the first switch and/or the second switch.
  • the above-mentioned path device impedance and/or path line impedance exists in the line connecting the first switch and the second switch to the battery pack.
  • the first switch is also written as "switch 1"
  • the second switch is also written as "switch 2”.
  • the battery pack 200 includes a first battery and a second battery, and the first battery and the second battery are connected in parallel.
  • the first battery is referred to as “battery 1" and the second battery is referred to as “battery 2”, and the battery 1 and battery 2 may be collectively referred to as “battery pack” or “dual battery”.
  • the battery pack may further include more batteries, such as a third battery, a fourth battery, etc., which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the first charging circuit is configured to output a voltage Vbat through the first port, and the voltage Vbat charges the battery pack through the first switch, the second switch, and the impedance respectively, and the first A switch and the second switch are respectively connected to a charging line of at least one battery in the battery pack.
  • the processing module is respectively connected to the first charging circuit, the battery pack, and the first switch and the second switch, and is used to obtain the voltage and/or current of each battery charging circuit in the battery pack, according to the The voltage and/or current controls the first switch and the second switch to be turned on or off, so as to balance the charging of the batteries in the battery pack.
  • the processing module can be a hardware module set in the charging and discharging circuit, or it can also be a software module set outside the charging and discharging circuit and integrated in a certain device or a certain hardware of the external circuit For example, it is integrated on a processor or a processing chip, and this embodiment does not limit the shape and location of the processing module.
  • the above circuit further includes a second charging circuit, as shown in FIG. 3 .
  • the second charging circuit is respectively connected with the processing module and the battery pack, and the second charging circuit is used to realize the constant current (Constant Current, CC) high-current charging of the double battery, that is, to provide fast charging service for the double battery.
  • the second charging circuit includes at least two switches, such as a third switch (Switch3) and a fourth switch (Switch4). Wherein, the third switch and the fourth switch are used to switch different charging lines to charge the battery pack.
  • the third switch and the fourth switch are used to switch different charging lines to charge the battery pack.
  • the second charging circuit is a kind of SC charger (SC Charger), and two SC chargers can be set in Fig. 3, respectively denoted as the first SC charger (SC Charger1, SC1) and the second SC charger Charger (SC Charger2, SC2).
  • SC1 and SC2 are respectively connected to the main line
  • the main line voltage Vbus outputs the voltage Vbus1 to SC1
  • a path impedance 1 exists between SC1 and the main line Vbus
  • a path impedance 2 exists between SC2 and the main line Vbus.
  • the above charging and discharging circuit also includes an acquisition circuit and a power utilization circuit.
  • the collection circuit 300 is used to collect information of the battery pack, is connected with the processing module and the battery pack, and collects the voltage and/or circuit of each battery in the battery pack periodically or in real time according to certain rules. , and report these voltages and/or circuits to the processing module.
  • the collection circuit 300 includes a sensor 1 and a sensor 2, wherein the sensor 1 is connected to the battery 1 for collecting the voltage and/or current of the battery 1, and the sensor 2 is connected to the battery 2 for collecting the voltage and/or current of the battery 2. voltage and/or current. It should be understood that the collection circuit 300 may also include other sensors, and the number and types of sensors included are not limited in this embodiment.
  • the power consumption circuit can be set inside the charge and discharge circuit 100 , or can be set outside the charge and discharge circuit 100 as a separate device or circuit.
  • the power consumption circuit may be a power management integrated circuit (Power Management IC, PMIC), also known as a power management IC, which is a specific-purpose integrated circuit, which is used to manage the power supply equipment in the host system, Commonly used in mobile phones and various mobile terminal equipment.
  • PMIC power management integrated circuit
  • the main function of the PMIC is to control the power flow and flow direction to meet the needs of the main system.
  • From multiple power sources for example, external real current power supply, battery, USB power supply, etc.
  • select and distribute power to various parts of the main system for example, provide multiple power supplies with different voltages, and be responsible for charging the internal battery.
  • the power-consuming circuit can also be a system on chip (System on Chip, SoC), also known as a system-on-a-chip, which is an integrated circuit with a dedicated target, which contains a complete system and has all the contents of embedded software.
  • SoC System on Chip
  • the charging and discharging principle of the first charging circuit is mainly introduced.
  • the BUCK charger specifically includes a converter (converter) and a switch tube, and may also include components such as an inductor L and a capacitor C.
  • the converter is used to convert the main voltage Vbus into Vbat or Vsys
  • the switch tube has a switching function, which can switch the output voltage between Vbat and Vsys.
  • the first port of the BUCK charger is connected to the battery pack to charge the battery pack.
  • the BUCK charging path includes: the main voltage Vbus passes through the converter, the inductor L, and the switch tube from the first port One port outputs Vbat to charge the battery pack.
  • the switch tube When discharging, the switch tube is connected to Vsys, and the voltage Vsys is output to the power consumption circuit, as shown in Figure 4b.
  • the battery pack is discharged, and the BUCK discharge path includes: the output voltage of the battery pack passes through the switch tube to output the voltage Vsys, and the output voltage Vsys One end is connected to PMIC or SoC, and the other end is grounded through capacitor C, so it provides power for PMIC or SoC.
  • the battery 1 and the battery 2 are connected in parallel, and the switch 1 and the switch 2 are respectively connected to the branches of the battery 1 and the battery 2, and the connection relationship is shown in Fig. 5a and Fig. 5b.
  • the processing module controls the switch 1 to be turned on (Switch ON) and the switch 2 to be turned off (Switch OFF)
  • the first charging circuit charges the battery 1 and the battery 2 through the first charging circuit, as shown in Figure 5a.
  • the voltage Vbat output by the first port of the first charging circuit is divided into two branches after passing through the first switch, one of which (such as the first branch) charges the battery 1, and the other branch (such as the second branch) ) to charge battery 2.
  • the charging rate of the battery 1 is higher than that of the battery 2.
  • the first charging circuit charges battery 1 and battery 2 through the second charging circuit, as shown in Figure 5b.
  • the voltage Vbat output by the first charging circuit is divided into two branches after passing through the second switch.
  • One of the branches charges battery 1 and the other charges battery 2, and the branch charging battery 1 needs to pass through the device impedance and/or the path trace impedance, while the branch charging battery 2 does not pass through Due to this impedance, the voltage output to the battery 1 will produce a voltage drop, resulting in Vbat1 ⁇ Vbat2, and the charging rate of the battery 1 is lower than the charging rate of the battery 2 at this time.
  • the processing module is used to control the on or off state of the first switch and the second switch, so that the BUCK charger uses the first charging line or the second charging line to alternately charge the battery pack, thereby ensuring that the battery pack has two Battery charge equalization.
  • the principle of the SC charger charging the battery pack is the same as that of the aforementioned first charging circuit.
  • the processing module switches the SC charger to charge the battery pack, the third switch in SC1 and the fourth switch in SC2 are used to switch different charging circuits, so that the charging of battery 1 and battery 2 is balanced.
  • the charging process is shown in Figure 6a and Figure 6b.
  • the third switch When the third switch is turned on (Switch ON) and the fourth switch is turned off (Switch OFF), the second charging circuit charges the battery 1 through the third charging circuit. and battery 2 charging, as shown in Figure 6a.
  • the main line voltage Vbus is divided into two branches after passing through the channel impedance 1 and SC1 (the third switch), such as the first branch and the second branch, wherein the first branch is for charging battery 1, and the second branch is for battery 2 Charge.
  • the charging voltage on the second branch passes through the impedance of the access device and/or the impedance of the access wiring, which will cause a voltage drop, while the first branch charging the battery 1 does not pass through this impedance, so the voltage charging the battery 1 will be It is greater than the charging voltage of battery 2, that is, Vbat1>Vbat2, and the charging rate of battery 1 is higher than the charging rate of battery 2 at this time.
  • the second charging circuit charges the battery 1 and the battery 2 through the fourth charging circuit, as shown in FIG. 6b.
  • the main line voltage Vbus is divided into two branches after passing through the channel impedance 2 and SC2 (the fourth switch), one of which charges the battery 1 and the other charges the battery 2 .
  • the voltage on the branch for charging battery 1 will pass through the impedance of the access device and/or the impedance of the access wiring, which will cause a voltage drop, while the branch for charging battery 2 will not pass through this impedance, so the voltage for charging battery 1 will be It is less than the charging voltage of battery 2, that is, Vbat1 ⁇ Vbat2, at this time, the charging rate of battery 1 is lower than the charging rate of battery 2.
  • the voltage and/or current values of the above-mentioned lines can be acquired by the acquisition circuit and reported to the processing module.
  • the processing module can also obtain it in other ways, for example, each charging line is connected to the processing module, and reports the current charging voltage and/or current value to the processing module.
  • circuits shown in Figure 6a and Figure 6b include a first charging circuit and a second charging circuit, wherein the first charging circuit can pass through the first charging circuit and the second charging circuit as shown in Figure 5a and Figure 5b
  • the charging circuit charges the battery pack.
  • the charging and discharging circuit only includes the first charging circuit, that is, the BUCK charger, then when the BUCK charger charges the battery pack, the output currents to the battery 1 and the battery 2 are current 1 and current 2 respectively, wherein, The current 1 is expressed as Ibat1, and the current 2 is expressed as Ibat2. Due to the relatively large impedance of the access device and/or the impedance of the access wiring, there is a bias current between Ibat1 and Ibat2, resulting in different amounts of electricity entering battery 1 and battery 2 at the same time.
  • Vbat1-Vbat2 ⁇ Vth_1 the first threshold
  • the charging and discharging circuit also includes a second charging circuit, i.e. an SC charger, then when the SC charger is charging the battery pack, the main line voltage Vbus voltage is respectively supplied to SC1 and SC2, due to the influence of the impedance of the Vbus path wiring, enter The current of battery 1 and battery 2, there is a bias current between Ibat1 and Ibat2, resulting in unequal power flowing into battery 1 and battery 2 within a certain period of time. In order to reduce the bias current, make battery 1 and battery 2 reach the same power in the same time. It is necessary to dynamically switch the third switch of SC1 and the fourth switch of SC2 according to the voltage difference between Vbat1 and Vbat2 , so as to control the balance of the charge amounts of batteries 1 and 2 .
  • a second charging circuit i.e. an SC charger
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a battery charging method, which can be executed by the aforementioned processing module.
  • the battery pack (battery 1 and the charging process of the battery 2) will be described.
  • the first charging circuit and the second charging circuit alternately charge the battery 1 and the battery 2.
  • the method includes:
  • the BUCK charger charges the battery pack.
  • switch 1 is turned on (ON), switch 2 is turned off (OFF), or both switch 1 and switch 2 are turned on (ON).
  • the BUCK charger charges battery 1 and battery 2 according to the first charging circuit, and BUCK
  • the output voltage Vbat of the charger is divided into two branches after passing through the first charging circuit.
  • the currents of the two branches are Ibat1 and Ibat2, Ibat1>Ibat2, the voltage growth rate of battery 1 is faster than that of battery 2, and the corresponding charging voltage of battery 1 is Vbat1, the charging voltage corresponding to battery 2 is Vbat2.
  • the processing module is used to obtain the first voltage of the battery 1, the first voltage is the charging voltage Vbat1 and the first current, the first current is Ibat1, and obtain the second voltage of the battery 2, the second voltage The charging voltage Vbat2 and the second current, the second current is Ibat2.
  • One implementation is that the processing module periodically acquires the first voltage and/or the first current of the battery 1 through the sensor 1 (Senser1); and periodically acquires the second voltage and/or the first current of the battery 2 through the sensor 2 (Senser2). or the second current.
  • the "conduction" of the switch may be expressed as "ON", and the "disconnection” of the switch may be expressed as "OFF".
  • the voltage difference at time t1 is the first voltage difference ⁇ V1.
  • the impedance on the branch of the battery 2 is short-circuited.
  • the voltage Vbat flows to the battery 1, it passes through the impedance of the access device and/or the impedance of the access wiring, resulting in a voltage drop, while the voltage from Vbat flowing to the battery 2 does not pass through the impedance, so
  • the current Ibat2 flowing to battery 2 is greater than the current Ibat1 flowing to battery 1, that is, Ibat1 ⁇ Ibat2, and the voltage growth rate of battery 2 is faster than that of battery 1.
  • Vbat1 Vbat2.
  • Vbat1-Vbat2 ⁇ Vth_1 continue to charge the battery 1 and the battery 2 until the voltage difference ⁇ V is greater than the first threshold Vth_1, that is, Vbat1-Vbat2>Vth_1.
  • the first threshold Vth_1 is between 0.1V and 0.2V, and includes end values 0.1V and 0.2V.
  • the voltage Vbat2 charged by the BUCK charger for battery 2 will be greater than the charging voltage Vbat2 of battery 1, that is, Vbat1 ⁇ Vbat2.
  • Vbat1 the charging voltage
  • the control switch 1 is turned on (ON), and the switch 2 is turned off (OFF).
  • the line impedance is short-circuited, and the voltage and current for charging battery 2 need to pass through this impedance. Therefore, Ibat1>Ibat2, the voltage of battery 1 increases faster than that of battery 2.
  • the switching process is shown in Figure 8, the voltage difference ⁇ V changes between the first threshold Vth_1 and -Vth_1, but does not exceed the first threshold, so that the BUCK charger charges the two batteries with the voltage difference
  • the ⁇ V will not be too large to ensure that the power of the two batteries grows in a balanced manner, avoiding the influence of the path impedance to cause the battery power of one branch to grow too fast, and the battery power of the other branch to grow too slowly.
  • the processing module is also used to detect that the voltage and/or current of each battery charging circuit in the battery pack meets a preset condition , switching the first charging circuit and the second charging circuit. Wherein, when switching to the second charging circuit to charge the battery pack, fast charging of the battery pack can be realized, thereby improving charging efficiency.
  • the method also includes:
  • the processing module controls the charging circuit by the first charging circuit (BUCK charger) Switch to the second charging circuit (SC Charger1 and SC Charger2), as shown in Figure 6a or Figure 6b.
  • a possible implementation manner is that the processing module sends a first signal to the BUCK charger, where the first signal is used to instruct the BUCK charger to stop charging the battery 1 and the battery 2 .
  • the processing module sends a second signal to the second charging circuit, and the second signal is used to instruct SC Charger1 and SC Charger2 to charge the dual batteries.
  • SC Charger1 and SC Charger2 can provide high-current fast charging services for battery 1 and battery 2.
  • SC Charger1 is turned on (Switch ON), and SC Charger2 is turned on (Switch ON).
  • Vbat1 may be greater than Vbat2.
  • the switch 1 and the switch 2 are still controlled to be turned on or off successively, and continue to charge the two batteries until Vbat1 and Vbat2 are satisfied.
  • Vbat2 is greater than or equal to the second threshold, the aforementioned "time t3" is reached.
  • the processing module sends an indication signal to SC Charger1 and SC Charger2, instructing the third switch in SC Charger1 to be disconnected (Switch OFF), and simultaneously instructing the fourth switch in SC Charger2 to be turned on (Switch ON) .
  • the second charging circuit charges the battery 1 and the battery 2 according to the fourth charging circuit shown in FIG. 6b, and the voltage Vbus1 transmitted to the battery 1 passes through the impedance of the channel device and/or the impedance of the channel wiring, and a voltage drop will occur. , so at this time Ibat1 ⁇ Ibat2, the growth rate of battery 2 is faster than that of battery 1.
  • Vbat1 and Vbat2 are equal at a certain moment, then continue to charge, Vbat1 is less than Vbat2, when t5, Vbat2-Vbat1>Vth_3 (third threshold), the processing module controls the third switch in SC Charger1 Turn on (Switch ON), while keeping the fourth switch in SC Charger2 on, at this time, the impedance of the channel device and/or the wiring impedance is short-circuited, Ibat1>Ibat2, and the battery 1 power growth rate is faster than that of battery 2.
  • the processing module controls the charging circuit to switch from the second charging circuit to the first charging circuit.
  • the processing module sends a third signal to the BUCK charger, and sends a fourth signal to the SC charger.
  • the third signal instructs the BUCK charger to supply power to the battery pack
  • the fourth signal instructs SC Charger1 and SC Charger2 to stop supplying power.
  • the control switch 1 is turned on (Switch ON), and the switch 2 is turned off (Switch OFF). At this time, the BUCK charger charges battery 1 and battery 2 according to the first charging circuit.
  • the processing module controls the switch 1 to turn off (Switch OFF), and the switch 2 is turned on (Switch ON), indicating that battery 1 is fully charged.
  • Vcutoff1 represents the full charge voltage of the battery 1, also known as the first cut-off voltage
  • Icutoff1 represents the full charge current of the battery 1, also known as the first cut-off current
  • Vcutoff2 represents the full charge voltage of the battery 2, also known as the first cut-off current.
  • Icutoff2 represents the full charge current of the battery 2, also called the second cutoff current.
  • Vcutoff1 and Vcutoff2 may be the same or different; Icutoff1 and Icutoff2 may be the same or different.
  • time t7 and time t8 may be the same time, or at a very short time interval, and this embodiment does not limit the sequence and size of t7 and t8. For example, battery 2 is fully charged first, then switch 2 is turned off, and switch 1 is turned on, so that the charger continues to charge battery 1, and battery 1 is fully charged again.
  • the switching thresholds of the aforementioned switches and/or charging circuits include the following:
  • the first threshold Vth_1 when the BUCK charger is charging, the battery voltage difference judgment threshold value used for switching between switch 1 and switch 2;
  • the second threshold Vth_2 the battery voltage judgment threshold used for switching the BUCK charger to the SC Charger;
  • the third threshold Vth_3 the battery voltage judgment threshold used for charging switching of SC Charger1 and/or SC Charger2;
  • the fourth threshold Vth_4 The battery voltage judgment threshold value used for SC Charger charging switching BUCK charger charging.
  • Vth_1 and Vth_3 may or may not be equal.
  • Vth_1 to Vth_4 can be set according to the actual conditions of the circuit and the battery, and this embodiment does not limit the values of each threshold.
  • Vth_1 is 0.1-0.2V
  • Vth_3 is equal to 0.1-0.2V.
  • Vth_2 is equal to or around 3.5V.
  • Vth_4 is equal to or around 4.4V.
  • both Vcutoff1 and Vcutoff2 are equal to or about 4.45V.
  • the processing module uses the BUCK charger to charge according to the voltage and current of the battery 1 and the battery 2, or uses the SC charger to charge quickly, and in the BUCK charger charging mode, according to the voltage of each battery branch /Current control switch 1 and switch 2 are turned on or off alternately.
  • SC charger fast charging mode control switch 3 and switch 4 in SC Charger1 or SC Charger2 are turned on or off alternately, so that battery 1 and battery The voltage difference between the two will not be too large, which ensures the balanced charging rate of the two batteries, shortens the charging time, improves the charging efficiency, and solves the technical problem that one battery is fully charged while the other battery is not yet fully charged.
  • time t0 to t9 may be a time point, or may also be a time interval, that is, within a certain time period, as long as the detected voltages Vbat1, Vbat2, and the voltage difference ⁇ V satisfy the above-mentioned threshold conditions, then Execute the corresponding switching action.
  • the above-mentioned charge and discharge circuit in this embodiment can also provide electric energy for the power consumption circuit, that is, the battery pack is discharged.
  • the discharge principle please refer to the example shown in FIG. 4b above.
  • the second port of the BUCK charger is connected to the power consumption circuit.
  • the discharging method performed by the battery pack through the charging and discharging circuit is controlled by the aforementioned processing module, as shown in FIG. 9 , the control method includes:
  • the battery pack is discharged through the BUCK charger.
  • the switch 1 is turned on (Switch ON), the switch 2 is turned off (Switch OFF), or both the switch 1 and the switch 2 are turned on (Switch ON).
  • the switch 1 is turned on and the switch 2 is turned off, the battery 1 and the battery 2 supply power to the power consumption circuit through the charging and discharging circuit according to the first discharging circuit, as shown in FIG. 10 a .
  • the output voltage of battery 2 needs to pass through the impedance of the access device and/or the impedance of the access wiring to generate a voltage drop, while the output voltage of battery 1 does not need to pass through this impedance, so the discharge rate of battery 1 is faster than that of battery 2. Assuming that the corresponding The discharge voltage is Vbat1, and the discharge voltage of the battery 2 is Vbat2, so at time t9 Vbat1 ⁇ Vbat2.
  • time t9 may be the same time as the time t8 in the foregoing embodiment, or may be a different time, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the control switch 2 is turned on (Switch ON), and the switch 1 is turned off (Switch OFF).
  • the voltage difference ⁇ V of the output voltage between the battery 1 and the battery 2 Vbat2-Vbat1
  • the charging and discharging circuit supplies power to the power consumption circuit according to the second discharging circuit, as shown in FIG. 10b.
  • the voltage output by battery 1 needs to pass through the impedance of the access device and/or the impedance of the access wiring to generate a voltage drop, and then pass through the second port of BUCK to supply power to the power circuit.
  • the fifth threshold Vth_5 is 0.1-0.2V.
  • Vbat1 Vbat2
  • Vbat1-Vbat2>Vth_5 the fifth threshold
  • the processing module detects that the output voltage of the battery 1 reaches the first shutdown voltage, that is, Vbat1 ⁇ Vpower off1 (the first shutdown voltage), or the output voltage of the battery 2 reaches the second shutdown voltage, that is, Vbat1 ⁇ Vpower off2 (so When the above-mentioned second shutdown voltage), it means that the power of battery 1 or battery 2 has been fully discharged, and the shutdown operation is performed, or the battery 1 and battery 2 are charged.
  • Vpower off means the shutdown voltage, or cut-off voltage.
  • Vpower off1 and Vpower off2 may or may not be equal.
  • Vbat1 and Vbat1 do not reach the shutdown voltage Vpoweroff, such as greater than Vpoweroff, the battery can continue to discharge, and it is necessary to ensure that the voltage difference between the two batteries does not exceed the fifth threshold.
  • the above-mentioned voltage/current values at various moments can be collected by the sensor 1 and the sensor 2 in real time or periodically, and then the collected results are reported to the processing module.
  • This embodiment provides a charging and discharging circuit.
  • the processing module controls the switch 1 and the switch 2 to be turned on or off alternately according to the obtained voltage and current of the battery 1 and the battery 2, so that the voltage difference between the two batteries does not exceed the threshold value. Thereby ensuring that both batteries can be discharged to the cut-off voltage to achieve full discharge, thereby avoiding that the power of one battery has been completely discharged, while the other battery still has remaining power.
  • the number of charging and discharging of the battery is certain.
  • a battery in the battery pack When a battery in the battery pack is not fully charged or the power is not completely discharged, it will continue to charge and discharge. Continue to charge when all the batteries are used up.
  • the depth of charge and discharge of the two batteries is different, and their respective aging speeds are different.
  • the method provided in this embodiment can make the battery pack
  • the charging and discharging rate of each battery in the battery increases or decreases evenly, so that the charging and discharging depth of the battery pack is consistent, and the aging speed of each battery is consistent.
  • FIG. 11 is a time sequence diagram of a battery charging and discharging process provided by the present application
  • the time sequence diagram includes the above-mentioned time t0 to t12, and records the entire charging and discharging process of the battery pack.
  • the circuit from t0 to t9 is the process of charging the battery pack
  • from t9 to t10 is the process of discharging the battery pack.
  • the first charging circuit BUCK charger charges the double battery; when the first preset condition is met, the processing module switches the first charging circuit to the second charging circuit, SC Charger quickly charges the battery pack, corresponding to the time period from t3 to t6; when the battery pack is about to be fully charged, that is, when the second preset condition is reached, then switch to the first charging circuit, and the BUCK charger will charge the dual battery Perform fine charging, corresponding to the time period from t6 to t9.
  • the voltage difference between the two battery branches can be adjusted through switch 1/switch 2, or switch 3/switch 4, through Impedance is used to control the charging and discharging rate of a certain branch, so that the charging and discharging rates of the two branch batteries are balanced, and the charging or discharging rate of one battery is too fast, and the charging or discharging rate of the other battery is too slow.
  • the charging and discharging circuit provided in this embodiment also controls the switch 1 and switch 2 to be turned on or off according to the voltage and current of the battery 1 and the battery 2, and then alternately charges or discharges the dual batteries to ensure the charging of each battery.
  • the discharge depth is consistent, and the battery aging rate is also consistent.
  • This embodiment also provides an electronic device, which can be any kind of terminal device, including the charging and discharging circuit shown in Figure 2 or Figure 3, wherein the charging and discharging circuit includes a processing module, and the processing The module is used to implement a charging method and a discharging method in the foregoing embodiments.
  • the processing module may be a software module integrated in the charging and discharging circuit, or located outside the charging and discharging circuit, such as a processing chip.
  • the processing module may also be a hardware device, such as a processor or a processing chip, and the processor or processing chip is connected to the charging and discharging circuit. This embodiment does not limit the form and connection mode of the processing module.
  • the processor can be composed of an integrated circuit (Integrated Circuit, IC), for example, it can be composed of a single packaged IC, or it can be connected to multiple chips with the same function. Or packaged ICs with different functions.
  • the processor may only include a combination of a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), a digital signal processor (Digital Signal Processor, DSP), and a control chip in a transceiver.
  • CPU Central Processing Unit
  • DSP Digital Signal Processor
  • the electronic device also includes a memory or a storage unit.
  • the memory may include a volatile memory (volatile memory), such as a random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), and may also include a non-volatile memory.
  • volatile memory such as a random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM)
  • non-volatile memory such as flash memory (flash memory), hard disk (Hard Sisk Drive, HDD) or solid-state drive (Solid-State Drive, SSD); the memory can also include the combination of the above-mentioned types of memory.
  • Programs or codes may be stored in the memory, and the processor may implement functions of the terminal device by executing the programs or codes.
  • the memory may exist independently and be connected to the processor 902 through a communication bus; or the memory may also be integrated with the processor.
  • the memory or storage unit may be a computer storage medium.
  • the computer storage medium may store a program, and the program may include some or all of the steps in the embodiments of the battery charging and discharging method provided in this application when executed.
  • all or part may be implemented by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof.
  • software When implemented using software, it may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions.
  • the computer loads and executes the computer program, all or part of the processes or functions according to the above-mentioned embodiments of the present application are generated.
  • the computer instructions may be stored in or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium, such as from a network device, computer, server, or data center Wired or wireless transmission to another device, computer or server.
  • plural means two or more than two.
  • words such as “first” and “second” are used to distinguish the same or similar items with basically the same function and effect. Those skilled in the art can understand that words such as “first” and “second” do not limit the number and execution order, and words such as “first” and “second” do not necessarily limit the difference.

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Abstract

本申请公开了一种充放电电路和电子设备，所述充放电电路用于对电池组进行充放电，其中，充放电电路包括处理模块、第一充电电路、第一开关、第二开关和阻抗，阻抗包括电池组和充放电电路之间的通路走线阻抗和通路器件阻抗；第一开关和第二开关分别与处理模块、第一充电电路的第一端口以及电池组相连接；第一充电电路用于通过第一端口输出电压，所述电压分别经过第一开关、第二开关以及所述阻抗为电池组充电，处理模块用于获取所述电池组中每个电池充电线路的电压和/或电流，根据所述电压和/或电流控制第一开关和第二开关导通或者断开，使电池组中的电池充电均衡，避免一个电池的电量已经完全充满，而另一个电池仍有剩余电量。

Description

一种充放电电路和电子设备
本申请要求于2021年7月21日提交到国家知识产权局、申请号为202110828090.3、发明名称为“一种充放电电路和电子设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电路设计领域，尤其是涉及一种可为电池进行充放电的充放电电路和电子设备。
背景技术
在对终端产品进行充电的过程中，一般被充电的产品(比如手机)的电池是双电池，且双电池通常是并联到一个充电器，比如并联到降压充电器(BUCK Charger)的输出端，该输出端电压为Vbat。其中，BUCK Charger用于充放电的路径管理，由于双电池之间的隔离器件(即通路阻抗器件)阻抗和双电池之间的通路走线阻抗比较大。
比如折叠机产品的通路走线阻抗一般较大，导致在对双电池进行充放电时，往往存在较大的偏流，即流入到一个电池的电流Ibat1和流入到另一个电池的电流Ibat2之间存在较大差异，进而导致充电时，一个电池电量充满时另一个电池还未充满，或者，放电时一个电池的电量已放空而另一个还有部分电量未完全释放，导致双电池电量的利用率较低。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供了一种充放电电路，该电路可以使电池组中的电池充电速率均衡，使每个电池的充电深度一致，避免一个电池充满而另一个电池电量未充满。
具体地，本申请实施例公开了以下技术方案：
第一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种充电电路，用于对电池组进行充放电，所述电路包括处理模块、第一充电电路、第一开关、第二开关和阻抗，其中，所述阻抗包括电池组和所述充放电电路之间的通路走线阻抗和通路器件阻抗；所述第一开关和所述第二开关分别与所述处理模块、所述第一充电电路的第一端口以及所述电池组相连接；
所述第一充电电路，用于通过所述第一端口输出电压，所述电压分别经过所述第一开关、所述第二开关，以及所述阻抗为所述电池组充电，所述第一开关和所述第二开关分别连接所述电池组中的至少一个电池的充电线路；
所述处理模块，用于获取所述电池组中每个电池充电线路的电压和/或电流，根据所述电压和/或电流控制所述第一开关和所述第二开关导通或者断开，使所述电池组中的电池充电均衡。
在本方面提供的一种充放电电路中，处理模块获取的每个充电线路上的电池的充电电压和/或电流，并根据该电压和/或电流第一开关和第二开关交替导通或断开，使得两个电池之间的电压差不超过一定阈值，从而保证电池组中的各个电池可以同时充满，避免一个电池的电量已经完全充满，而另一个电池仍有剩余电量。
另外，本方法提高了电池组放电效率，通过第一开关和第二开关的切换使得每个电池充电或放电的速率均衡，从而使各个电池的充电深度一致，充电效率得到提高。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的一种可能的实施方式中，所述电路还包括第二充电电路，所述第二充电电路分别与所述处理模块和所述电池组相连接；所述处理模块，还用于在检测所述电池组中每个电池充电线路的电压和/或电流满足预设条件时，对所述第一充电电路和所述第二充电电路进行切换；其中，当切换至所述第二充电电路时，所述第二充电电路为所述电池组提供快充业务。
本方面，在电路中增加第二充电电路，当切换至第二充电电路为电池组充电时，由于第二充电电路能为电池组提供快充业务，所以提高了电池组的充电效率。
可选的，所述第一充电电路为BUCK充电器。
可选的，所述第二充电电路为SC充电器。所述SC充电器包括第一SC Charger和第二SC Charger。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的另一种可能的实施方式中，所述第二充电电路包括第三开关和第四开关，所述第三开关和所述第四开关分别连接所述电池组的至少一个充电线路；所述处理模块，还用于在所述第二充电电路为所述电池组充电过程中，控制所述第三开关和/或第四开关导通或者断开，使所述电池组中的电池充电均衡。
与第一开关和第二开关的控制方式类似，本实施方式通过第三开关和第四开关的导通或断开，控制第二充电电路按照不同的线路为电池组充电，使得两个电池之间的电压差不超过一定阈值，保证电池组中各个电池均衡充电。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的又一种可能的实施方式中，所述电路还包括采集电路，所述采集电路分别与所述电池组和所述处理模块连接；所述采集电路，用于采集所述电池组中每个电池充电线路的电压和/或电流，并将所述电压和/或电流上报给所述处理模块；所述处理模块，还用于接收所述采集电路上报的所述电压和/或电流。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的又一种可能的实施方式中，所述电池组包括第一电池和第二电池，所述电池组中的电池充电线路包括第一充电线路和第二充电线路，所述第一充电线路经过所述第一开关为所述电池组充电，所述第二充电线路经过所述第二开关为所述电池组充电；所述处理模块，还用于在所述第一充电线路为所述电池组充电过程中，控制所述第一开关导通，所述第二开关断开，或者，所述第一开关断开，所述第二开关导通，使所述第一电池的充电电压和所述第二电池的充电电压之间电压差小于等于第一阈值。
本实施方式中，设置电池组中两个充电电池之间的电压差超过第一阈值时，切换第一开关和第二开关的状态，通过通路走线阻抗和通路器件阻抗来调节每个支路的充电速率，使充电电压高的一个电池线路的充电速率降低，而电压低的电池线路充电速率提高，从而达到双电池充电速率均衡。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的又一种可能的实施方式中，所述处理模块，还用于在检测所述电池组中每个电池充电线路的电压和/或电流满足预设条件时，对所述第一充电电路和所述第二充电电路进行切换，包括：
所述处理模块，还用于在检测所述电池组的所述电压和/或电流满足第一预设条件时，控制将所述第一充电电路切换至所述第二充电电路；其中，所述第一预设条件为：所述第一电池的充电电压达到第二阈值，且所述第二电池的充电电压达到所述第二阈值。
进一步地，所述处理模块，控制将所述第一充电电路切换至所述第二充电电路，包括： 所述处理模块，控制所述第三开关导通，所述第四开关导通。
所述第二阈值可以自由设置。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的又一种可能的实施方式中，在所述第二充电电路为所述电池组充电过程中，所述第二充电电路通过第三充电线路和第四充电线路为所述电池组充电；
所述处理模块，还用于控制所述第三开关导通，所述第四开关断开，或者，所述第三开关断开，所述第四开关导通，使所述第一电池的充电电压和所述第二电池的充电电压之间电压差小于等于第三阈值。
本实施方式中，通过第三开关和第四开关来控制电池组中两个充电电路的电压和/或电流大小，通过通路走线阻抗和通路器件阻抗来调节每个支路的充电速率，使充电电压高的一个电池线路的充电速率降低，而电压低的电池线路充电速率提高，从而达到双电池充电速率均衡。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的又一种可能的实施方式中，所述处理模块，还用于在检测所述电池组中每个电池充电线路的电压和/或电流满足预设条件时，对所述第一充电电路和所述第二充电电路进行切换，包括：
所述处理模块，还用于在检测所述电池组的所述电压和/或电流满足第二预设条件时，控制将所述第二充电电路切换至所述第一充电电路；其中，所述第二预设条件为：所述第一电池的充电电压达到第四阈值，且所述第二电池的充电电压达到所述第四阈值。
本实施方式中，当检测到电池组中的电池快要充满时，切换至第一充电电路来继续充电，从而实现对电池组中各个充电支路电压/电流的细微控制和调节。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的又一种可能的实施方式中，所述处理模块，控制将所述第二充电电路切换至所述第一充电电路，包括：所述处理模块，控制所述第一开关导通，所述第二开关断开，或者，控制所述第一开关和所述第二开关全部导通。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的又一种可能的实施方式中，所述处理模块，还用于当检测所述第一充电线路和所述第二充电线路中的至少一个线路的充电电流达到电池的切断电流时，断开当前充电线路与所述第一充电电路的连接，停止为达到所述切断电流的电池充电。
本实施方式中，当检测到电池组中的某一个电池支路的电池电量充满时，即充电电流达到切断电流Icutoff时，断开这一支路与充电器的连接，停止为该支路上的电池继续充电。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的又一种可能的实施方式中，所述处理模块，断开当前充电线路与所述第一充电电路的连接，停止为达到所述切断电流的电池充电，包括：所述处理模块，控制将所述第一开关的状态由导通变为断开，以及将所述第二开关的状态由断开变为导通。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的又一种可能的实施方式中，所述电路还包括用电电路，所述第一充电电路包括第二端口，所述第二端口用于连接所述用电电路；
所述处理模块，还用于在所述电池组充电完成后，控制所述第一充电电路的第二端口与所述用电电路连接，使所述电池组放电。
可选的，所述用电电路包括PMIC和SoC中的至少一种。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的又一种可能的实施方式中，所述处理模块，还用于在所述电池组放电过程中，控制所述第一开关导通，所述第二开关断开，或者，所述第一开关断开，所述第二开关导通，使所述第一电池的放电电压和所述第二电池的放电电压之间电压差小于等于第五阈值。
本实施例方式中，还提供电路放电方法，当电池组都充满电量时，通过第一充电电路的第二端口连接至用电电路，从而实现对该用电电路放电。并且，在电池组放电过程中，通过控制第一开关和第二开关导通或断开来调整第一电池的放电电压和所述第二电池的放电电压之间电压差，使得两个电池的电压差不超过一定阈值，比如第五阈值，从而保证两个电池放电速率均衡。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的又一种可能的实施方式中，所述处理模块，还用于当检测所述第一电池的放电电压达到第一关机电压，和/或，所述第二电池的放电电压达到第二关机电压时，断开所述用电电路与所述电池组之间的连接。
第二方面，本申请实施例还提供了一种电子设备，所述电子设备包括充放电电路和电池组，所述充放电电路用于为所述电池组充放电。其中，所述充放电电路为前述第一方面以及第一方面任一种实施方式中的充放电电路。
可选的，结合第二方面，在第二方面的一种可能的实施方式中，所述充放电电路还包括用电电路，所述用电电路通过第一充电电路与所述充放电电路的处理模块连接，用于消耗电池组电量，使所述电池组放电。
可选的，所述用电电路包括PMIC和SoC中的至少一种。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的另一种可能的实施方式中，还包括采集电路，所述采集电路被设置在所述充放电电路内，或者，设置在所述充放电电路之外的终端设备上；所述采集电路，用于采集所述电池组中每个电池充电线路的电压和/或电流，并将所述电压和/或电流上报给所述处理模块。
此外，所述电子设备还包括处理器和存储器，其中，所述处理器可以是集成前述第一方面所述的处理模块，或者是所述处理模块的一部分，用于实现前述处理模块的全部或部分功能。
所述存储器用于存储数据和/或计算机程序指令，所述数据可以是前述各种阈值和预设条件等。当存储器中的所述计算机程序指令被处理器执行时，可实现前述的电池组充放电方法。
可选的，所述存储器包括但不限于是只读存储记忆体ROM或随机存储记忆体RAM等。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例提供的一种充放电电路的示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种包含BUCK充电器的充放电电路的示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的一种包含两个充电电路的充放电电路的示意图；
图4a为本申请实施例提供的一种BUCK充电器为电池组充电的电路示意图；
图4b为本申请实施例提供的一种电池组利用BUCK充电器放电的电路示意图；
图5a为本申请实施例提供的BUCK充电器利用第一充电线路为电池组充电的示意图；
图5b为本申请实施例提供的BUCK充电器利用第二充电线路为电池组充电的示意图；
图6a为本申请实施例提供的SC充电器利用第三充电线路为电池组充电的示意图；
图6b为本申请实施例提供的SC充电器利用第四充电线路为电池组充电的示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的一种电池组充电方法的流程图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的一种两个充电线路的充电电压差与第一阈值之间的关系示意图；
图9为本申请实施例提供的一种电池组放电方法的流程图；
图10a为本申请实施例提供的一种电池组利用第一放电线路放电的示意图；
图10b为本申请实施例提供的一种电池组利用第二放电线路放电的示意图；
图11为本申请实施例提供的一种电池充放电过程的时序图。
具体实施方式
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本申请实施例中的技术方案，并使本申请实施例的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂，下面结合附图对本申请实施例中的技术方案作进一步详细的说明。
在对本申请实施例的技术方案说明之前，首先结合附图对本申请实施例的应用场景进行说明。
本申请的技术方案可应用于一种对电子产品或电子设备进行充、放电的场景，其中，所述电子产品适用于采用双电池(或电芯)并充、并放的充放电策略的电子产品，所述电子产品或电子设备可以是一种终端设备。
进一步地，所述终端设备可以是一种便携式设备，比如智能终端、手机、笔记本电脑、平板电脑、个人计算机(personal computer，PC)、个人数字助理(personal digital assistant，PDA)，可折叠终端、具备无线通讯功能的可穿戴设备(例如智能手表或手环)、用户设备(user device)或用户设备(user equipment，UE)、游戏机，以及增强现实(augmented reality，AR)\虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)设备等，本申请的实施例对终端设备的具体设备形态不做限定。另外，上述各种终端设备中搭载安卓(Android)、苹果(IOS)或鸿蒙(HarmonyOS)系统。
在介绍本申请的技术方案之前，首先介绍一般的电池充电电路。如图1所示，为本实施例提供的一种充电电路的示意图。该电路包括：可为电池组充电的两个充电电路，用于控制两个充电电路切换的处理模块，以及电池组和传感器等部件。此外，还可以包括用电电路，比如片上系统(System on Chip，SoC)等。
其中，两个充电电路中一个为普通充电器，另一个是可为电池提供快充业务快充充电器。所述快充充电器可以是SC充电器(SC charger)，所述SC为开关电容(Switching Capacitor，SC)，所述普通充电器可以是BUCK充电器(BUCK charger)，其中BUCK可翻译为降压。这两个充电器都与处理模块相连接，所述处理模块用于对这两个充电器进行切换。另外，BUCK充电器中包括用于切换电路的开关，该开关用于使电路在系统电压(Vsys)或者电池电压(Vbat)之间切换。
电池组一般包含两个电池，分别是电池1和电池2，且电池组与前述两个充电电路和处理模块相连接，电池1和电池2之间以及电池组与充电电路之间的连线中包含阻抗，比如通路器件阻抗和/或通路走线阻抗。所述阻抗的大小可自行设定，比如一般为0～20mΩ(毫欧)。
传感器(sensor)可以包括传感器1和传感器2，则用于采集每个电池的电压和/或电流，然后将每个电池充放电的电压电流上报给处理模块。其中，传感器可以周期性地或者实时地采集所述电压和/或电流；处理模块根据传感器上报的电压和/或电流控制两个充电电路是否对电池组充放电。
在图1所示的充电电路中，当BUCK充电器为电池组充电时，由于电池1和电池2之间存在通路器件阻抗和/或通路走线阻抗，会导致分压，尤其是在Vbat2的一条支路中， 存在一定的通路阻抗压降，进而导致BUCK充电器传输给电池1和电池2的电压不同，在传输至电池2充电的线路中，存在一部分阻抗压降，导致达到电池2的电压Vbat2小于传输给电池1的电压Vbat1，即Vbat2＜Vbat1；此时，BUCK充电器为电池1充电的电压大于电池2的电压，所以电池1会先充满，当电池1充满电量时，电池2还有一部分未充满，假设电池1和电池2型号相同，电量也相同，但此时对外显示该电池组的电量已经充满，而实际上电池2中电量没有完全充满，仍然有可充电空间，所以导致电池组利用率较低，老化速度变快。
为解决上述问题，本申请实施例提供一种充放电电路，该电路在原电路结构的基础上增设开关器件，通过开关器件切换电池组的充电线路，使双电池充放电均衡。
参见图2，为本申请实施例提供的一种充放电电路的结构图，该充放电电路100用于对电池组200进行充放电。
其中，该电路100包括：处理模块、第一充电电路、第一开关(Switch1)、第二开关(Switch2)和阻抗，所述阻抗包括电池组和所述充放电电路之间的通路器件阻抗和/或通路走线阻抗。所述通路器件阻抗是指电路器件包含的阻抗，所述通路走线阻抗是指至少一条通电线路之间的阻抗，比如电池组中两个电池之间的阻抗，或者电池组与充放电线路传输线的阻抗等。
其中，所述阻抗的取值为10mΩ～20mΩ(毫欧)，所述阻抗产生的压降随电流变化而变化，即电流越大，通路阻抗产生的压降也越大。
所述第一充电电路为一种降压充电电路，比如BUCK充电器，用于实现电池组的低电压涓充和恒定电压(Constant voltage，CV)小电流充电，以及放电时的路径管理功能。所述第一充电电路中包括第一端口和第二端口。其中，所述第一端口输出的电压Vbat(Voltage ofBattery)用于为电池组充电；所述第二端口输出的电压Vsys(Voltage of System)用于为系统或用电电路供电，所以，第一端口输出充电电压Vbat，第二端口输出放电电压Vsys。
此外，所述第一充电电路还可以包括第三端口、第四端口等更多端口，这些端口可用于连接所述处理模块，以及主线路。比如第三端口与所述处理模块连接，所述第四端口与线路主干连接，Vbus表示线路主干电压。
在图2所示的电路100中，第一充电电路的第一端口通过第一开关和/或第二开关与电池组相连接。所述第一开关和第二开关与电池组连接的线路中存在上述通路器件阻抗和/或通路走线阻抗。
可选的，第一开关又写为“开关1”，第二开关又写为“开关2”。
另外，电池组200中包括第一电池和第二电池，所述第一电池和所述第二电池之间并联连接。为了方便说明，本实施例将第一电池简称为“电池1”，将第二电池简称为“电池2”，所述电池1和电池2可以统称为“电池组”或“双电池”。应理解，所述电池组中还可以包括更多电池，比如第三电池、第四电池等，本实施例对此不予限制。
所述第一充电电路，用于通过所述第一端口输出电压Vbat，该电压Vbat分别经过所述第一开关、所述第二开关，以及所述阻抗为所述电池组充电，所述第一开关和所述第二开关分别连接所述电池组中的至少一个电池的充电线路。
所述处理模块，分别与所述第一充电电路、所述电池组以及第一开关和第二开关连接，用于获取所述电池组中每个电池充电线路的电压和/或电流，根据所述电压和/或电流 控制所述第一开关和所述第二开关导通或者断开，使所述电池组中的电池充电均衡。
可选的，所述处理模块可以是一个硬件模块，设置在充放电电路内，或者也可以是一个软件模块，设置在该充放电电路之外，集成于外部电路的某一个设备或某一硬件中，比如集成在处理器或处理芯片上，本实施例对处理模块的形态和设置位置不做限制。
此外，在一种可能的实施方式中，上述电路还包括第二充电电路，如图3所示。第二充电电路分别与所述处理模块和电池组相连接，所述第二充电电路用于实现双电池的恒定电流(Constant Current，CC)大电流充电，即为双电池提供快充业务。进一步地，所述第二充电电路包括至少两个开关，比如第三开关(Switch3)和第四开关(Switch4)。其中，第三开关和第四开关，用于切换不同的充电线路为电池组充电。本实施例中，对每个SC充电器中内部的电路结构不做限制。
可选的，所述第二充电电路为一种SC充电器(SC Charger)，图3中可以设置两个SC充电器，分别记为第一SC充电器(SC Charger1，SC1)和第二SC充电器(SC Charger2，SC2)。其中，SC1和SC2分别与线路主干相连接，线路主干电压Vbus向SC1输出的电压Vbus1，向SC2输出的电压Vbus2。在SC1和主干线路Vbus之间存在通路阻抗1，在SC2和主干线路Vbus之间存在通路阻抗2。
可选的，上述充放电电路中还包括采集电路和用电电路。如图3所示，采集电路300用于采集电池组的信息，与处理模块和电池组相连接，按照一定规则，比如周期性地或者实时地采集电池组中每个电池的电压和/或电路，并将这些电压和/或电路上报给处理模块。
本示例中，所述采集电路300包括传感器1和传感器2，其中，传感器1与电池1相连接用于采集电池1的电压和/或电流，传感器2与电池2相连接用于采集电池2的电压和/或电流。应理解，所述采集电路300中还可以包括其他传感器，本实施例对包含的传感器数量和种类不做限制。
所述用电电路可以设置在充放电电路100之内，也可以作为一个单独设备或者电路设置在充放电电路100之外。可选的，所述用电电路可以是电源管理集成电路(Power Management IC，PMIC)，又称电源管理IC，是一种特定用途的集成电路，它是用来管理主机系统中的电源设备，常用于手机以及各种移动终端设备。
其中，PMIC的主要功能为控制电量流量及流向以配合主系统需要。在多个电源(例如，外部真流电源、电池、USB电源等)，选取、分配电力给主系统各部分使用，例如提供多个不同电压的电源，并负责为内部电池充电。
可选的，所述用电电路还可以是片上系统(System on Chip，SoC)，也有称为系统级芯片，是一个有专用目标的集成电路，其中包含完整系统并有嵌入软件的全部内容。
下面对充放电电路的充放电原理进行说明。
本实施例中主要介绍第一充电电路(BUCK充电器)的充放电原理。如图4a所示，BUCK充电器中具体包括转换器(converter)和开关管，另外，还可以包括电感L和电容C等器件。其中，转换器用于将主干电压Vbus转换为Vbat或Vsys，开关管具有切换功能，可以将输出电压在Vbat和Vsys之间切换。当开关管将端口接入到Vbat时，BUCK充电器的第一端口与电池组相连接，为该电池组充电，BUCK充电通路包括：主干电压Vbus经过转换器、电感L、开关管后从第一端口输出Vbat，为电池组充电。
放电时，开关管接入Vsys，向用电电路输出电压Vsys，如图4b所示，此时电池组 放电，BUCK放电通路包括：电池组输出电压经过开关管后输出电压Vsys，该输出电压Vsys一端接PMIC或SoC，另一端通过电容C接地，所以为PMIC或SoC提供电能。
结合BUCK充电器的充放电原理，对前述图2所示的电路的充放电过程进行说明。
在本实施例中，电池1和电池2并联，开关1和开关2分别连接电池1和电池2的支路上，连接关系如图5a和图5b所示。
当处理模块控制开关1导通(Switch ON)，开关2断开(Switch OFF)时，第一充电电路通过第一充电线路向电池1和电池2充电，如图5a所示。第一充电电路的第一端口输出的电压Vbat经过第一开关后，分成两个支路，其中一个支路(比如第一支路)为电池1充电，另一个支路(比如第二支路)为电池2充电。并且，假设第一支路为电池1充电的电压为Vbat1，第二支路为电池2充电的电压为Vbat2，由于输出的充电电压Vbat在为电池2充电的第二支路上存在通路器件阻抗和/或通路走线阻抗，所以产生压降，导致Vbat1＞Vbat2，此时对电池1充电的速率高于电池2的充电速率。
当开关1断开(Switch OFF)，开关2导通(Switch ON)时，第一充电电路通过第二充电线路为电池1和电池2充电，如图5b所示。第一充电电路输出的电压Vbat经过第二开关后，分成两个支路。其中一个支路为电池1充电，另一个支路为电池2充电，并且在为电池1充电的支路上需要经过通路器件阻抗和/或通路走线阻抗，而为电池2充电的支路不经过该阻抗，所以输出至电池1的电压会产生压降，导致Vbat1＜Vbat2，此时对电池1充电的速率低于电池2的充电速率。
本实施例利用处理模块对第一开关和第二开关的导通或断开状态进行控制，使得BUCK充电器利用第一充电线路或者第二充电线路交替为电池组充电，从而保证电池组中双电池充电均衡。
类似的，利用第二充电电路，SC充电器为电池组充电的原理与前述第一充电电路充电的原理相同。当处理模块切换SC充电器为电池组充电时，利用SC1中的第三开关和SC2中的第四开关来切换不同的充电线路，使电池1和电池2充电均衡。
具体地，充电过程如图6a和图6b所示，当所述第三开关导通(Switch ON)，第四开关断开(Switch OFF)时，第二充电电路通过第三充电线路为电池1和电池2充电，如图6a所示。主干线路电压Vbus经过通路阻抗1和SC1(第三开关)后分成两个支路，比如第一支路和第二支路，其中第一支路为电池1充电，第二支路为电池2充电。并且在第二支路上的充电电压经过通路器件阻抗和/或通路走线阻抗，会产生压降，而为电池1充电的第一支路则不经过该阻抗，所以给电池1充电的电压会大于电池2的充电电压，即Vbat1＞Vbat2，此时对电池1充电的速率高于电池2的充电速率。
当所述第三开关断开(Switch OFF)，第四开关导通(Switch ON)时，第二充电电路通过第四充电线路为电池1和电池2充电，如图6b所示。主干线路电压Vbus经过通路阻抗2和SC2(第四开关)后分成两个支路，其中一个支路为电池1充电，另一支路为电池2充电。并且在为电池1充电的支路上电压会经过通路器件阻抗和/或通路走线阻抗，会产生压降，而为电池2充电的支路上则不经过该阻抗，所以给电池1充电的电压会小于电池2的充电电压，即Vbat1＜Vbat2，此时对电池1充电的速率低于电池2的充电速率。
上述各个线路的电压和/或电流值都可以由采集电路来获取，并上报给处理模块。或者，所述处理模块也可以通过其他方式来获取，比如每个充电线路都与处理模块相连接， 并向处理模块上报当前的充电的电压和/或电流值。
应理解，对于图6a和图6b所示的电路中，包含第一充电电路和第二充电电路，其中，第一充电电路可以通过如图5a和图5b所示的第一充电线路和第二充电线路为所述电池组充电，具体的各个充电线路的开关状态与参见前述图5a和图5b的描述，此处不再赘述。
下面对电路为电池组充电的过程进行详细介绍。
如果所述充放电电路中只包含第一充电电路，即BUCK充电器，那么当BUCK充电器为电池组充电时，输出电流至电池1和电池2的电流分别是电流1和电流2，其中，电流1表示为Ibat1，电流2表示为Ibat2，由于通路器件阻抗和/或通路走线阻抗比较大，所以Ibat1与Ibat2之间存在偏流，导致相同时间进入电池1、电池2的电量不同。为了减小偏流，使充电器为两个电池充电的电量相同，需要根据Vbat1、Vbat2之间的电压差对开关1和开关2进行动态切换，比如Vbat1-Vbat2＜Vth_1(第一阈值)，从而控制电池1和电池2充电量的均衡。
如果所述充放电电路中还包括第二充电电路，即SC充电器，那么SC充电器为电池组充电时，主干线路电压Vbus电压分别给到SC1和SC2，由于Vbus通路走线阻抗影响，进入电池1、电池2的电流，Ibat1与Ibat2之间存在偏流，导致一定时间内流入电池1、电池2的电量不等，为了减小偏流，使电池1和电池2在相同时间内达到相等电量，需要根据Vbat1、Vbat2之间的电压差对SC1的第三开关和SC2的第四开关进行动态切换，从而控制电池1和电池2充电量的均衡。
为了提高电池充电效率，确保每个电池都可以充满电量，本申请实施例提供一种电池充电方法，该方法可以由前述处理模块执行，本实施例以时间轴t为顺序，对电池组(电池1和电池2)的充电过程进行说明。
其中，第一充电电路和第二充电电路交替为电池1和电池2充电，具体地，如图7所示，方法包括：
1、t0时刻，初始状态，BUCK充电器为电池组充电。
默认开关1导通(ON)，开关2断开(OFF)，或者开关1和开关2均导通(ON)，此时，BUCK充电器按照第一充电线路为电池1和电池2充电，BUCK充电器输出电压Vbat，经过第一充电线路后分成两个支路，两个支路的电流为Ibat1和Ibat2，Ibat1>Ibat2，电池1电压增长速率快于电池2，电池1对应的充电电压为Vbat1，电池2对应的充电电压为Vbat2。
处理模块用于获取电池1的第一电压，所述第一电压为所述充电电压Vbat1和第一电流，所述第一电流为Ibat1，以及获取电池2的第二电压，所述第二电压为所述充电电压Vbat2和第二电流，所述第二电流为Ibat2。
一种实现方式是，处理模块通过传感器1(Senser1)周期性地获取所述电池1的第一电压和/或第一电流；通过传感器2(Senser2)周期性获取电池2的第二电压和/或第二电流。
本实施例中，开关“导通”可表示为“ON”，开关“断开”可表示为“OFF”。
2、在t1时刻
随着充电时间的增加，在t1时刻，Vbat1＞Vbat2，且当Vbat1-Vbat2>Vth_1(第一阈值)时，控制开关2导通，开关1断开，所述BUCK充电器按照第二充电线路为电池1 和电池2充电。Vbat1-Vbat2为所述第一电池的充电电压和所述第二电池的充电电压之间电压差，所述电压差表示为“ΔV”，即ΔV＝Vbat1-Vbat2。本示例中，在t1时刻的电压差为第一电压差ΔV1。
此时，在电池2的支路上所述阻抗被短路，电压Vbat流向电池1时经过通路器件阻抗和/或通路走线阻抗，产生压降，而Vbat流向电池2的电压不经过该阻抗，所以流向电池2的电流Ibat2大于流向电池1的电流Ibat1，即Ibat1<Ibat2，电池2电压增长速率快于电池1。
随着充电时间的增加，在某一时刻，Vbat1＝Vbat2。
另外，如果Vbat1-Vbat2≤Vth_1，则继续为电池1和电池2充电，直到满足所述电压差ΔV大于第一阈值Vth_1，即Vbat1-Vbat2＞Vth_1。
可选的，所述第一阈值Vth_1为0.1～0.2V之间，且包括端值0.1V和0.2V。
3、在t2时刻
因为t1时刻之后，电池2充电的速率比电池1快，所以在某一刻BUCK充电器为电池2充电的电压Vbat2会大于电池1的充电电压Vbat2，即Vbat1＜Vbat2，在t2时刻，当电压差大于所述第一阈值Vth_1，即Vbat2-Vbat1>Vth_1时，控制开关1导通(ON)，开关2断开(OFF)，此时，在电池1的支路上通路器件阻抗和/或通路走线阻抗被短路，为电池2充电的电压和电流需要经过该阻抗，所以，Ibat1>Ibat2，电池1电压增长速度快于电池2。
如此反复，切换过程如图8所示，所述电压差ΔV在第一阈值Vth_1和-Vth_1之间变化，但是不超过所述第一阈值，从而使得BUCK充电器为两个电池充电的电压差ΔV不会过大，保证两个电池的电量均衡增长，避免受通路阻抗影响导致一个支路的电池电量增长速率过快，另一个支路的电池电量增长过慢。
另外，对于包含第二充电电路，SC充电器的充放电电路来说，所述处理模块，还用于在检测所述电池组中每个电池充电线路的电压和/或电流满足预设条件时，对所述第一充电电路和所述第二充电电路进行切换。其中，当切换至第二充电电路为电池组充电时，可实现对电池组的快充，从而提高充电效率。
具体地，如图7所示，方法还包括：
4、在t3时刻
当t3时刻，Vbat1≥Vth_2(第二阈值)且Vbat2≥Vth_2(所述第二阈值)时，即满足第一预设条件时，所述处理模块控制充电电路由第一充电电路(BUCK charger)切换到第二充电电路(SC Charger1和SC Charger2)，如图6a或图6b所示。
一种可能的实施方式是，处理模块向BUCK充电器发送第一信号，所述第一信号用于指示BUCK充电器停止为电池1和电池2充电。所述处理模块向第二充电电路发送第二信号，所述第二信号用于指示SC Charger1和SC Charger2为双电池充电。SC Charger1和SC Charger2可为电池1和电池2提供大电流快充业务。
此时，SC Charger1导通(Switch ON)，SC Charger2导通(Switch ON)。
此时，由于Vbus1和Vbus2之间存在通路器件阻抗和/或通路走线阻抗，压降导致两个电压不同，Ibat1>Ibat2，电池1电量增长速度快于电池2。对应地，Vbat1可能大于Vbat2。
另外，当Vbat1和Vbat2两个电压中有一个或者两个都小于所述第二阈值时，仍然控制开关1和开关2相继接通或者断开，并继续为两个电池充电，直到满足Vbat1和Vbat2 都大于等于所述第二阈值时，达到前述“t3时刻”。
需要说明的是，在t3时刻，切换充电电路时，对开关1和开关2的状态不做限定，即对开关1和开关2是否处于Switch ON还是Switch OFF不做限制，因为此时第一充电电路已经停止为电池组供电。
5、在t4时刻
随着充电时间的增加，在t4时刻，当Vbat1-Vbat2>Vth_3(第三阈值)时，断开SC Charger1，保持SC Charger2导通。一种具体的实施方式是，处理模块向SC Charger1和SC Charger2发送指示信号，指示SC Charger1中的第三开关断开(Switch OFF)，同时指示SC Charger2中的第四开关导通(Switch ON)。此时，第二充电电路按照图6b所示的第四充电线路为电池1和电池2充电，给电池1传输的电压Vbus1经过所述通路器件阻抗和/或通路走线阻抗，会产生压降，所以此时Ibat1<Ibat2，电池2电量增长速率快于电池1。
6、在t5时刻
随着充电时间的增加，在某一时刻Vbat1和Vbat2相等，之后继续充电，Vbat1小于Vbat2，当t5时刻，Vbat2-Vbat1>Vth_3(第三阈值)时，处理模块控制SC Charger1中的第三开关导通(Switch ON)，同时保持SC Charger2中第四开关导通，此时，所述通路器件阻抗和/或走线阻抗被短路，Ibat1>Ibat2，电池1电量增长速率快于电池2。
如此反复，使得输入给电池1和电池2之间的电压差ΔV不超过所述第三阈值Vth_3，从而避免电池1和电池2中任意一个电量增长速率更快，本方法通过切换SC Charger1和SC Charger2中开关的导通和断开，从而保证电池1和电池2的电量均衡增长。
7、在t6时刻
在t6时刻，当Vbat1≥Vth_4(第四阈值)且Vbat2≥Vth_4(所述第四阈值)，即满足第二预设条件时，以及电池1和电池2之间充电的电压差不超过所述第三阈值Vth_3时，所述处理模块控制充电电路由所述第二充电电路切换至所述第一充电电路。一种可能的实现方式是，处理模块向所述BUCK充电器发送第三信号，向所述SC充电器发送第四信号。所述第三信号指示所述BUCK充电器为电池组供电，所述第四信号指示SC Charger1和SC Charger2停止供电。
BUCK充电器接收第三信号后，控制开关1导通(Switch ON)，开关2断开(Switch OFF)，此时BUCK充电器按照第一充电线路为电池1和电池2充电。
8、在t7时刻
在t7时刻，当获取电压和电流满足：Ibat1＝Icutoff1(第一切断电流)，且Vbat1＝Vcutoff1(第一切断电压)时，所述处理模块控制所述开关1断开(Switch OFF)，开关2导通(Switch ON)，表示电池1电量已经充满。
9、在t8时刻
在t8时刻，当获取电压和电流满足：Ibat2＝Icutoff2(第二切断电流)，且Vbat2＝Vcutoff2(第二切断电压)时，表示电池2已经充满，控制所述第一充电电路停止向电池1和电池2充电。比如，将开关1导通(Switch ON)，开关2也导通(Switch ON)，此时电池组准备放电。
其中，Vcutoff1表示电池1的满电量电压，也称为第一切断电压；Icutoff1表示电池1的满电时电流，也称为第一切断电流；Vcutoff2表示电池2的满电量电压，也称为第二 切断电压；Icutoff2表示电池2的满电量电流，也称为第二切断电流。其中，Vcutoff1与Vcutoff2可以相同、也可不同；Icutoff1与Icutoff2可以相同、也可不同。
需要说明的是，上述t7时刻和t8时刻可以是同一时刻，或者间隔很小的一段时间间隔，本实施例对t7、t8的先后顺序和大小不做限制。比如电池2先充满电量，然后断开开关2，进行导通开关1，使得充电器继续为电池1充电，电池1再充满电量。
本实施例上述开关和/或充电电路切换的阈值包括以下：
第一阈值Vth_1：BUCK充电器充电时，用于开关1和开关2切换的电池电压差判断门限值；
第二阈值Vth_2：用于BUCK充电器切换至SC Charger的电池电压判断门限值；
第三阈值Vth_3：用于SC Charger1和/或SC Charger2充电切换的电池电压判断门限值；
第四阈值Vth_4：用于SC Charger充电切换BUCK充电器充电的电池电压判断门限值。
其中，Vth_2>Vth_1，且Vth_4>Vth_2。Vth_1与Vth_3可以相等，也可以不相等。
上述Vth_1至Vth_4的取值可以根据电路和电池的实际情况设定，本实施例对各个阈值的取值不予限制。
可选的，Vth_1取值为0.1～0.2V，或者，Vth_3等于0.1～0.2V。
可选的，Vth_2等于3.5V或3.5V左右。
可选的，Vth_4等于4.4V或4.4V左右。
可选的，Vcutoff1和Vcutoff2均等于4.45V或4.45V左右。
本实施例提供的方法，处理模块根据电池1、电池2的电压、电流控制采用BUCK充电器充电或者采用SC充电器快充，并且在BUCK充电器充电模式下，根据每个电池支路的电压/电流控制开关1和开关2交替导通或断开，在SC充电器快充模式下，控制SC Charger1或SC Charger2中的开关3和开关4交替导通或断开，从而使得电池1和电池2之间的电压差不会过大，保证双电池充电速率均衡，缩短充电时间，提升充电效率，解决了一个电池已经充满而另一个电池还未充满的技术问题。
需要说明的是，上述时刻t0至t9可以是一个时间点，或者还可以是一时间间隔，即在某个时间段内，只要检测到电压Vbat1、Vbat2、电压差ΔV满足上述阈值条件，即可执行相应的开关切换动作。
另外，本实施例上述充放电电路还可以为用电电路提供电能，即电池组放电，放电原理可参见前述图4b所示的示例，BUCK充电器第二端口与用电电路相连接。具体地，电池组通过所述充放电电路执行的放电方法由前述处理模块来控制，如图9所示，控制方法包括：
10、t9时刻
电池组通过BUCK充电器放电，此时，所述开关1导通(Switch ON)，开关2断开(Switch OFF)，或者开关1和开关2均导通(Switch ON)。当开关1导通，开关2断开时，电池1和电池2通过所述充放电电路按照第一放电线路为用电电路供电，如图10a所示。其中，电池2输出电压要经过通路器件阻抗和/或通路走线阻抗产生压降，而电池1输出的电压不需要经过该阻抗，所以导致电池1放电速率快于电池2，假设电池1对应的放电电压为Vbat1，电池2的放电电压为Vbat2，则在t9时刻Vbat1＜Vbat2。
其中，所述t9时刻可以是与前述实施例的t8时刻可以是同一时刻，或者也可以是不同时刻，本实施例对此不予限制。
11、t10时刻
随着充电时间的增加，在t10时刻，Vbat1＜Vbat2，且当Vbat2-Vbat1>Vth_5(第五阈值)时，控制开关2导通(Switch ON)，开关1断开(Switch OFF)，此时，电池1和电池2之间输出电压的电压差ΔV＝Vbat2-Vbat1，此时，所述充放电电路按照第二放电线路为用电电路供电，如图10b所示。电池1输出的电压要经过通路器件阻抗和/或通路走线阻抗，产生压降，然后再经过BUCK的第二端口为用电电路供电，由于电池1输出的电压则不经过所述阻抗，所以导致电池2的电量放电的速率增大，电池1的电量放电速率减小，从而保证电池2快速放电，电池1减慢放电，使两电池的电量达到均衡。
可选的，所述第五阈值Vth_5为0.1～0.2V。
12、t11时刻
经过一段时间，Vbat1＝Vbat2，之后在t11时刻，Vbat1＞Vbat2，且当Vbat1-Vbat2>Vth_5(所述第五阈值)，再次切换开关1和开关2的状态，比如控制开关1导通(Switch ON)，开关2断开(Switch OFF)，使得加快电池1的放电速率，减少电池2的放电速率，使两电池之间的电量/电压不会相差太大，如此反复。
13、t12时刻
在t12时刻，当处理模块检测电池1的输出电压达到第一关机电压，即Vbat1≤Vpower off1(第一关机电压)，或者电池2的输出电压达到第二关机电压，即Vbat1≤Vpower off2(所述第二关机电压)时，表示电池1或电池2电量已经释放完全，执行关机操作，或者，对电池1和电池2进行充电。
Vpower off表示关机电压，或称为截止电压。
可选的，Vpower off1和Vpower off2可以相等，也可以不相等。
如果所述Vbat1和Vbat1未达到所述关机电压Vpower off，比如大于Vpower off，则电池还可以继续放电，同时需要保证两个电池放电的电压差不超过所述第五阈值。
上述各个时刻的电压/电流值可以由传感器1和传感器2进行实时或者周期性地采集，然后将采集结果上报给处理模块。
本实施例提供一种充放电电路，处理模块根据获取的电池1、电池2的电压、电流控制开关1和开关2交替导通或断开，使得两个电池之间的电压差不超过阈值，从而保证两个电池都可以放电到切断电压，达到完全放电，从而避免一个电池的电量已经完全放完，而另一个电池仍有剩余电量。
一般来说，电池的充放电次数是一定的，当电池组中有一个电池没有完全充满或者电量没有完全放干净，就继续为其充放电，所得该电池总有部分电量没有放干净或者电量没有全部用完就继续充电，相比于另一个电池的电量全部放完或者全部充满来说，两个电池充放电深度不同，进而各自的老化速度不同，本实施例提供的方法，可以使电池组中的每个电池充放电速率均衡增加或减少，从而使电池组的充放电深度一致，每个电池的老化速度一致。
参见图11为本申请提供的一个电池充放电过程的时序图，该时序图中包含上述t0至t12时刻，记录了电池组整个充电和放电过程。其中，从t0至t9时间段电路为电池组充电过程，从t9至t10是电池组放电过程。
在充电过程中，从t0至t3时间段，先通过第一充电电路BUCK充电器对双电池充电；当达到第一预设条件时，处理模块将第一充电电路切换至第二充电电路，SC Charger对电池组进行快充，对应从t3至t6时间段；当电池组快要达到满电时，即达到第二预设条件时，再切换至所述第一充电电路，BUCK充电器对双电池进行细微充电，对应从t6至t9时间段。
在放电过程中，从t9至t12时间段，由于不涉及快充，因此只需BUCK放电通路对电池组放电，进而无需再对第一充电电路和第二充电电路进行切换。
并且，在BUCK充电器和SC Charger充电的过程中，以及BUCK放电通路放电过程中，都可以通过开关1/开关2，或开关3/开关4对两个电池支路的电压差进行调节，通过阻抗来控制某一支路充放电的速率，从而使得两个支路电池充放电的速率均衡，避免其中一个电池充电或放电速率过快，另一个电池充电或放电速率过慢。
另外，本实施例提供的充放电电路还根据电池1、电池2的电压、电流控制开关1和开关2导通或断开，进而对双电池进行交替充电或交替放电，保证每个电池的充放电深度一致，电池老化速度也一致。
本实施例还提供一种电子设备，该电子设备可以是任意一种终端设备，包括前述图2或图3所示的充放电电路，其中，所述充放电电路中包括处理模块，所述处理模块用于实现前述实施例中的一种充电方法和放电方法。
可选的，所述处理模块可以是一种软件模块，集成在充放电电路中，或者位于所述充放电电路之外，比如处理芯片。另外，所述处理模块还可以是一种硬件器件，比如处理器，或处理芯片，该处理器或处理芯片与充放电电路连接，本实施例对处理模块的形态和连接方式不做限制。
当所述处理模块为一种硬件器件，比如处理器时，该处理器可以由集成电路(Integrated Circuit，IC)组成，例如可以由单颗封装的IC所组成，也可以由连接多颗相同功能或不同功能的封装IC而组成。举例来说，处理器可以仅包括中央处理器(Central Processing Unit，CPU)、数字信号处理器(Digital Signal Processor，DSP)、及收发器中的控制芯片的组合。
另外，所述电子设备还包括存储器或存储单元，以存储器为例，所述存储器可以包括易失性存储器(volatile memory)，例如随机存取内存(Random Access Memory，RAM)，还可以包括非易失性存储器(non-volatile memory)，例如快闪存储器(flash memory)，硬盘(Hard Sisk Drive，HDD)或固态硬盘(Solid-State Drive，SSD)；存储器还可以包括上述种类的存储器的组合。所述存储器中可以存储有程序或代码，处理器通过执行所述程序或代码可以实现所述终端设备的功能。
另外，存储器可以是独立存在，通过通信总线与处理器902相连接；或者存储器也可以和处理器集成在一起。
可选的，所述存储器或存储单元可以是一种计算机存储介质。其中，该计算机存储介质可存储有程序，该程序执行时可包括本申请提供的电池充电、放电方法的各实施例中的部分或全部步骤。
在上述实施例中，可以全部或部分通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。
所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机加载和执行所述计算机 程序时，全部或部分地产生按照本申请上述各个实施例所述的流程或功能。
所述计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机指令可以从一个网络设备、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线或无线方式向另一个设备、计算机或服务器进行传输。
此外，在本申请的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”是指两个或多于两个。另外，为了便于清楚描述本申请实施例的技术方案，在本申请的实施例中，采用了“第一”、“第二”等字样对功能和作用基本相同的相同项或相似项进行区分。本领域技术人员可以理解“第一”、“第二”等字样并不对数量和执行次序进行限定，并且“第一”、“第二”等字样也并不限定一定不同。
以上所述的本申请实施方式并不构成对本申请保护范围的限定。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种充放电电路，用于对电池组进行充放电，其特征在于，所述电路包括：处理模块、第一充电电路、第一开关、第二开关和阻抗，其中，所述阻抗包括电池组和所述充放电电路之间的通路走线阻抗和/或通路器件阻抗；所述第一开关和所述第二开关分别与所述处理模块、所述第一充电电路的第一端口以及所述电池组相连接；
    所述第一充电电路，用于通过所述第一端口输出电压，所述电压分别经过所述第一开关、所述第二开关，以及所述阻抗为所述电池组充电，所述第一开关和所述第二开关分别连接所述电池组中的至少一个电池的充电线路；
    所述处理模块，用于获取所述电池组中每个电池充电线路的电压和/或电流，根据所述电压和/或电流控制所述第一开关和所述第二开关导通或者断开，使所述电池组中的电池充电均衡。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电路，其特征在于，所述电路还包括第二充电电路，所述第二充电电路分别与所述处理模块和所述电池组相连接；
    所述处理模块，还用于在检测所述电池组中每个电池充电线路的电压和/或电流满足预设条件时，对所述第一充电电路和所述第二充电电路进行切换；
    其中，当切换至所述第二充电电路时，所述第二充电电路为所述电池组提供快充业务。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电路，其特征在于，所述第二充电电路包括第三开关和第四开关，所述第三开关和所述第四开关分别连接所述电池组的至少一个充电线路；
    所述处理模块，还用于在所述第二充电电路为所述电池组充电过程中，控制所述第三开关和/或第四开关导通或者断开，使所述电池组中的电池充电均衡。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的电路，其特征在于，所述电路还包括采集电路，所述采集电路分别与所述电池组和所述处理模块连接；
    所述采集电路，用于采集所述电池组中每个电池充电线路的电压和/或电流，并将所述电压和/或电流上报给所述处理模块；
    所述处理模块，还用于接收所述采集电路上报的所述电压和/或电流。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的电路，其特征在于，所述电池组包括第一电池和第二电池，所述电池组中的电池充电线路包括第一充电线路和第二充电线路，所述第一充电线路经过所述第一开关为所述电池组充电，所述第二充电线路经过所述第二开关为所述电池组充电；
    所述处理模块，还用于在所述第一充电线路为所述电池组充电过程中，控制所述第一开关导通，所述第二开关断开，或者，所述第一开关断开，所述第二开关导通，使所述第一电池的充电电压和所述第二电池的充电电压之间电压差小于等于第一阈值。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电路，其特征在于，所述处理模块，还用于在检测所述电 池组中每个电池充电线路的电压和/或电流满足预设条件时，对所述第一充电电路和所述第二充电电路进行切换，包括：
    所述处理模块，还用于在检测所述电池组的所述电压和/或电流满足第一预设条件时，控制将所述第一充电电路切换至所述第二充电电路；
    所述第一预设条件为：所述第一电池的充电电压达到第二阈值，且所述第二电池的充电电压达到所述第二阈值。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电路，其特征在于，所述处理模块，控制将所述第一充电电路切换至所述第二充电电路，包括：
    所述处理模块，控制所述第三开关导通，所述第四开关导通。
  8. 根据权利要求5所述的电路，其特征在于，在所述第二充电电路为所述电池组充电过程中，所述第二充电电路通过第三充电线路和第四充电线路为所述电池组充电；
    所述处理模块，还用于控制所述第三开关导通，所述第四开关断开，或者，所述第三开关断开，所述第四开关导通，使所述第一电池的充电电压和所述第二电池的充电电压之间电压差小于等于第三阈值。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的电路，其特征在于，所述处理模块，还用于在检测所述电池组中每个电池充电线路的电压和/或电流满足预设条件时，对所述第一充电电路和所述第二充电电路进行切换，包括：
    所述处理模块，还用于在检测所述电池组的所述电压和/或电流满足第二预设条件时，控制将所述第二充电电路切换至所述第一充电电路；
    所述第二预设条件为：所述第一电池的充电电压达到第四阈值，且所述第二电池的充电电压达到所述第四阈值。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的电路，其特征在于，所述处理模块，控制将所述第二充电电路切换至所述第一充电电路，包括：
    所述处理模块，控制所述第一开关导通，所述第二开关断开，或者，控制所述第一开关和所述第二开关全部导通。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的电路，其特征在于，
    所述处理模块，还用于当检测所述第一充电线路和所述第二充电线路中的至少一个线路的充电电流达到电池的切断电流时，断开当前充电线路与所述第一充电电路的连接，停止为达到所述切断电流的电池充电。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的电路，其特征在于，所述处理模块，断开当前充电线路与所述第一充电电路的连接，停止为达到所述切断电流的电池充电，包括：
    所述处理模块，控制将所述第一开关的状态由导通变为断开，以及将所述第二开关的状态由断开变为导通。
  13. 根据权利要求1-12任一项所述的电路，其特征在于，所述电路还包括用电电路，所述第一充电电路包括第二端口，所述第二端口用于连接所述用电电路；
    所述处理模块，还用于在所述电池组充电完成后，控制所述第一充电电路的第二端口与所述用电电路连接，使所述电池组放电。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的电路，其特征在于，所述处理模块，还用于在所述电池组放电过程中，控制所述第一开关导通，所述第二开关断开，或者，所述第一开关断开，所述第二开关导通，使所述第一电池的放电电压和所述第二电池的放电电压之间电压差小于等于第五阈值。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的电路，其特征在于，
    所述处理模块，还用于当检测所述第一电池的放电电压达到第一关机电压，和/或，所述第二电池的放电电压达到第二关机电压时，断开所述用电电路与所述电池组之间的连接。
  16. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，所述电子设备包括充放电电路和电池组，所述充放电电路用于为所述电池组充放电；
    所述充放电电路为如权利要求1至15任一项所述的电路。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述充放电电路还包括用电电路，
    所述用电电路通过第一充电电路与所述充放电电路的处理模块连接，用于消耗电池组电量，使所述电池组放电。
  18. 根据权利要求16或17所述的电子设备，其特征在于，还包括采集电路，所述采集电路被设置在所述充放电电路内，或者，设置在所述充放电电路之外的终端设备上；
    所述采集电路，用于采集所述电池组中每个电池充电线路的电压和/或电流，并将所述电压和/或电流上报给所述处理模块。
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