WO2022267886A1 - 空调器的防结霜控制方法及空调器 - Google Patents

空调器的防结霜控制方法及空调器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022267886A1
WO2022267886A1 PCT/CN2022/097576 CN2022097576W WO2022267886A1 WO 2022267886 A1 WO2022267886 A1 WO 2022267886A1 CN 2022097576 W CN2022097576 W CN 2022097576W WO 2022267886 A1 WO2022267886 A1 WO 2022267886A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
air conditioner
temperature
injection valve
control method
heat exchanger
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2022/097576
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王建营
雷晏瑶
安超
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Qingdao Haier Air Conditioner Gen Corp Ltd
Qingdao Haier Air Conditioning Electric Co Ltd
Haier Smart Home Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Qingdao Haier Air Conditioner Gen Corp Ltd
Qingdao Haier Air Conditioning Electric Co Ltd
Haier Smart Home Co Ltd
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Filing date
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Application filed by Qingdao Haier Air Conditioner Gen Corp Ltd, Qingdao Haier Air Conditioning Electric Co Ltd, Haier Smart Home Co Ltd filed Critical Qingdao Haier Air Conditioner Gen Corp Ltd
Publication of WO2022267886A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022267886A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F24F11/41Defrosting; Preventing freezing
    • F24F11/42Defrosting; Preventing freezing of outdoor units
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/50Control or safety arrangements characterised by user interfaces or communication
    • F24F11/61Control or safety arrangements characterised by user interfaces or communication using timers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/62Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
    • F24F11/63Electronic processing
    • F24F11/64Electronic processing using pre-stored data
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/62Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
    • F24F11/63Electronic processing
    • F24F11/65Electronic processing for selecting an operating mode
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/80Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
    • F24F11/83Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers
    • F24F11/84Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers using valves
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/88Electrical aspects, e.g. circuits
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2110/00Control inputs relating to air properties
    • F24F2110/10Temperature
    • F24F2110/12Temperature of the outside air
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2140/00Control inputs relating to system states
    • F24F2140/20Heat-exchange fluid temperature

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of refrigeration, in particular to an anti-frost control method of an air conditioner and the air conditioner.
  • Air conditioners including split air conditioners, integrated air conditioners, or VRF (Variable Refrigerant Volume) and other air conditioning systems, generally include compressors for compressing refrigerants, expansion devices for expanding and decompressing refrigerants, and outdoor heat exchangers (usually “ Coil” form) and indoor heat exchanger (generally in the form of "coil"), the outdoor coil is used to exchange heat with the outdoor air, while the indoor coil is used to exchange heat with the indoor air to reduce or increase the temperature of the indoor air temperature.
  • the indoor coils are usually placed in independent indoor units, such as wall-mounted indoor units, floor-standing cabinet units, or embedded indoor units.
  • the indoor coil acts as an evaporator, and the refrigerant circulating in the air conditioner evaporates in the evaporator to absorb heat from the indoor air, so that the indoor air is cooled (that is, cooled).
  • the indoor coil acts as a condenser, and the refrigerant in the indoor coil is condensed into a liquid by releasing heat to the indoor air, and the indoor air is also heated to a higher temperature (that is, heating ).
  • the air conditioner When the outdoor ambient temperature is low (for example, below 5° C.), the air conditioner is usually controlled to operate in a heating mode so as to deliver heat to the conditioned room.
  • the outdoor coil acts as an evaporator, and the liquid refrigerant needs to absorb heat and evaporate into a gaseous refrigerant. Therefore, the temperature of the outdoor coil is low, and frosting is prone to occur.
  • the frosting speed of the outdoor heat exchanger will be accelerated. After frost forms on the outdoor heat exchanger, the frost layer will increase the thermal resistance, reduce the heat transfer effect of the outdoor heat exchanger, and further reduce the indoor heating effect. At the same time, the energy efficiency will also decrease, and the power consumption will increase accordingly.
  • the general practice in the prior art is to switch the air conditioner to the cooling mode, and use the high-temperature steam discharged from the compressor to heat and defrost the outdoor heat exchanger .
  • the air conditioner will not only stop sending hot air to the room, but also send cold air to the room, so that the indoor temperature will not rise but drop.
  • the air conditioner needs to frequently switch to the cooling mode for defrosting, and each defrosting takes a long time, which greatly reduces the user experience.
  • the present invention provides an anti-condensation system for the air conditioner Frost Control Methods.
  • the air conditioner includes a compressor and an outdoor heat exchanger, a bypass circuit is provided between the discharge port and the suction port of the compressor, and part of the bypass circuit is connected to the outdoor heat exchanger. bottom, and the bypass circuit has an injection valve located between the exhaust port and the bottom, and the control method includes:
  • the air conditioner When the coil temperature is less than the first difference between the outdoor ambient temperature and the first temperature correction value for a first preset time period, and the disconnection duration of the injection valve is greater than or equal to a second preset time period , the air conditioner enters the anti-frost mode, controls the injection valve to close,
  • the second preset time period is greater than the first preset time period.
  • the air conditioner using the anti-frost control method for the air conditioner of the present invention includes a compressor and an outdoor heat exchanger. There is a bypass circuit between the discharge port and the suction port of the compressor, part of the bypass circuit is connected to the bottom of the outdoor heat exchanger, and there is a bypass circuit located between the discharge port and the outdoor heat exchanger bottom of the injection valve.
  • the injection valve can be controlled to close, so that part of the high-temperature refrigerant flowing out from the exhaust port of the compressor can be transported to the bottom of the outdoor heat exchanger through the bypass circuit,
  • the outdoor heat exchanger prevent the outdoor heat exchanger from frosting, or delay the time of frosting, and prevent the air conditioner from frequently entering the defrosting mode.
  • the anti-frost control method of the air conditioner of the present invention the outdoor ambient temperature is detected first, and then the measured outdoor ambient temperature is compared with the first preset temperature.
  • the outdoor ambient temperature is lower than the first preset temperature, it means that the outdoor ambient temperature is relatively low at this time, and there is a risk of frost forming on the outdoor heat exchanger. Then, it is judged whether the air conditioner satisfies the entry condition for entering the anti-frost mode. Detect the coil temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger, and obtain the off time of the injection valve at the same time. When the coil temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger is less than the first difference between the outdoor ambient temperature and the first temperature correction value for a first preset time period, and when the disconnection duration of the injection valve is greater than or equal to the second preset time period , control the air conditioner to enter the anti-frost mode, and control the injection valve to close.
  • the coil temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger is less than the first difference between the outdoor ambient temperature and the first temperature correction value for a first preset period of time, it means that the temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger is relatively low at this time. , there is a higher risk of frost forming on the outdoor heat exchanger.
  • the opening duration of the injection valve is greater than or equal to the second preset time period, it means that a certain time has elapsed since the last injection valve closing, and controlling the injection valve closing has little influence on the overall effect of indoor heating.
  • controlling the air conditioner to enter the anti-frost mode can not only effectively prevent the occurrence of frost, but also take into account the energy efficiency of the compressor, thereby maintaining the stable operation of the air conditioner.
  • the anti-frost control method of the air conditioner of the present invention can achieve the purpose of delaying the frosting time or even avoiding the occurrence of frosting without switching the air conditioner to the cooling mode, thereby significantly improving the user experience and comfort sex.
  • control method further includes:
  • Opening and closing of the injection valve is controlled based on the comparison result.
  • the second temperature correction value is smaller than the first temperature correction value.
  • the injection valve when the current coil temperature is greater than or equal to the second difference, the injection valve is controlled to be disconnected.
  • the current coil temperature is greater than or equal to the second difference, it means that the coil temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger has risen at this time, and the possibility of frosting has been greatly reduced.
  • the control injection valve is disconnected. .
  • control method further includes:
  • the injection valve When the closing duration is less than the fourth preset time period, the injection valve is controlled to remain closed.
  • the closing time of the injection valve is shorter than the fourth preset time period, it means that the closing time of the injection valve is still relatively short at this time, and the opening of the bypass circuit has little impact on the energy efficiency of the compressor, and further affects the indoor heating effect is also smaller, so the control injection valve remains closed to continue heating the outdoor heat exchanger.
  • the injection valve when the closing duration is greater than or equal to the fourth preset time period, the injection valve is controlled to be disconnected.
  • the closing time of the injection valve is greater than or equal to the fourth preset time period, it means that the closing time of the injection valve is longer at this time, which may significantly reduce the energy efficiency of the compressor, thereby significantly reducing the indoor heating effect. open.
  • the control method when the coil temperature is less than the first difference between the outdoor ambient temperature and the first temperature correction value for a first preset time period,
  • the control method also includes:
  • control the air conditioner When the coil temperature is less than the third difference, control the air conditioner to enter the defrosting mode, control the reversing of the four-way valve of the air conditioner, and control the injection valve to close,
  • the third temperature correction value is greater than the first temperature correction value.
  • the coil temperature is less than the third difference between the outdoor ambient temperature and the third temperature correction value, it indicates that the outdoor heat exchanger may have frosted at this time.
  • control the air conditioner to enter the defrosting mode, control the four-way valve to change direction, and control the injection valve to close, so as to quickly transport the high-temperature steam refrigerant flowing out of the compressor exhaust port to the outdoor heat exchanger for heating and defrosting.
  • Enhanced defrosting effect is Enhanced defrosting effect.
  • the air conditioner When the current coil temperature is greater than or equal to the second preset temperature, or when the cumulative operating time is greater than or equal to the fifth preset time period, the air conditioner is controlled to exit the defrosting mode, and the four-way valve is controlled to reverse reversing, and control the injection valve to open.
  • the current coil temperature is greater than or equal to the second preset temperature, it means that the coil temperature has risen at this time, the frosting phenomenon on the outdoor heat exchanger has been greatly alleviated, and even the frost layer has been completely removed, so control the air conditioner Exit the defrosting mode, control the reverse direction of the four-way valve to enter the heating mode, and control the injection valve to disconnect, so as to improve the energy efficiency of the compressor and enhance the indoor heating effect.
  • the air conditioner when the cumulative running time of the air conditioner in the defrosting mode exceeds the fifth preset time period, the air conditioner has been running in the cooling mode for a long time, and the indoor temperature may have dropped significantly. In order to meet the heating needs of users, Control the air conditioner to exit the defrosting mode and continue to deliver heat to the room. If one of the above two conditions is met, the air conditioner can be controlled to exit the defrosting mode, so that the timing of the air conditioner exiting the defrosting mode is more in line with actual needs.
  • the air conditioner includes:
  • a compressor having a discharge port and a suction port
  • bypass circuit configured to extend from the discharge port to the pressure suction port, a portion of the bypass circuit is coupled to the bottom of the outdoor heat exchanger, and the bypass circuit
  • injection valve located between the exhaust port and the bottom, and the air conditioner is controlled using the anti-frost control method according to any one of the above.
  • the air conditioner of the present invention can control the closing of the injection valve in a timely manner when operating in the heating mode under low temperature conditions, so that part of the high-temperature refrigerant flowing out from the exhaust port of the compressor can pass through the bypass
  • the loop is sent to the bottom of the outdoor heat exchanger to heat the outdoor heat exchanger, avoid frosting on the outdoor heat exchanger, or delay the time of frosting to prevent the air conditioner from frequently entering the defrosting mode.
  • the part of the bypass circuit connected to the bottom is in the form of a hairpin.
  • the part of the bypass circuit combined with the bottom of the outdoor heat exchanger is in the form of a hairpin tube, which not only makes the assembly of the bypass circuit easier, but also can be combined with multiple hairpin tubes at the bottom of the outdoor heat exchanger according to actual needs , thereby improving the effect of anti-frost.
  • Fig. 1 is the system schematic diagram of the embodiment of air conditioner of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the anti-frost control method of the air conditioner of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is the flow chart of the first embodiment of the anti-frost control method of the air conditioner of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is the flow chart of the second embodiment of the frost prevention control method of the air conditioner of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a flow chart of the third embodiment of the frosting prevention control method of the air conditioner of the present invention.
  • Air conditioner 11. Outdoor unit; 111. Compressor; 111a, exhaust port; 111b, suction port; 111c, compressor heating belt; 112a, exhaust pipe; 112b, liquid pipe; 112c, gas pipe; 112d, suction pipe; 113, high pressure protection switch; 114, oil separator; 115, oil return capillary; 116, high pressure sensor; 117, four-way valve; 118, outdoor heat exchanger; 118a, bottom; 119, high pressure storage Liquid device; 119a, heating belt of high-pressure liquid receiver; 120, dry filter; 121, sight glass; 122, liquid pipe shut-off valve; 123, gas pipe shut-off valve; 124, gas-liquid separator; 125, low pressure sensor; 126 , bypass circuit; 127, jet valve; 21, indoor unit; 211, indoor heat exchanger; 212, expansion valve; 213, indoor solenoid valve.
  • the present invention provides an anti-frosting control method for the air conditioner .
  • the air conditioner 1 includes a compressor 111 and an outdoor heat exchanger 118, a bypass circuit 126 is provided between the discharge port 111a and the suction port 111b of the compressor 111, and a part of the bypass circuit 126 is connected to the outdoor heat exchanger.
  • the bottom 118a of 118, and the bypass circuit 126 has the injection valve 127 between the exhaust port 111a and the bottom 118a.
  • the anti-frost control method of the air conditioner of the present invention comprises:
  • step S2 Comparing the outdoor ambient temperature with a first preset temperature
  • step S3 When the outdoor ambient temperature is lower than the first preset temperature, start to judge whether the air conditioner needs to enter the anti-frost mode (step S3);
  • the air conditioner When the coil temperature is less than the first difference between the outdoor ambient temperature and the first temperature correction value for a first preset time period, and the disconnection duration of the injection valve is greater than or equal to a second preset time period , the air conditioner enters the anti-frost mode and controls the injection valve to close, wherein the second preset time period is greater than the first preset time period (step S5).
  • FIG. 1 is a system diagram of an embodiment of the air conditioner of the present invention.
  • an air conditioner 1 includes an outdoor unit 11 (which is generally arranged in an outdoor environment) and an indoor unit 21 (which is generally arranged indoors or in a room).
  • the air conditioner 1 may be equipped with a plurality of indoor units connected in parallel, such as two, three, four or other suitable number of indoor units.
  • FIG. 1 shows only one indoor unit 21 .
  • the configurations of the multiple indoor units may be the same or different according to actual needs.
  • the outdoor unit 11 mainly includes a compressor 111, a four-way valve 117, an outdoor heat exchanger 118, a high-pressure liquid receiver 119, and a gas-liquid separator 124;
  • the indoor unit 21 mainly includes an indoor heat exchanger 211 , an expansion valve 212 , and an indoor solenoid valve 213 .
  • the compressor 111 has a discharge port 111a and a suction port 111b.
  • the exhaust port 111a of the compressor 111 is connected to the first interface of the four-way valve 117 through the exhaust pipe 112a; the second interface of the four-way valve 117 is connected to the input end of the outdoor heat exchanger 118; the output of the outdoor heat exchanger 118 The end is connected to the high-pressure liquid reservoir 119, the expansion valve 212 of the indoor unit 21 and the indoor heat exchanger 211 in turn through the liquid pipe 112b; the indoor heat exchanger 211 is connected to the third interface of the four-way valve 117 through the gas pipe 112c; the four-way The fourth port of the valve 117 is connected to the inlet port of the gas-liquid separator 124, and the gas outlet port of the gas-liquid separator 124 is connected to the suction port 111b of the compressor 111 through the suction pipe 112d, so as to form an interconnection to allow the refrigerant to flow therein.
  • the refrigerating cycle circuit, and the mutual conversion between the cooling mode and the heating mode of the air conditioner 1 can
  • the compressor 111 is an inverter compressor.
  • the compressor 111 may include two or more compressors connected in parallel. These compressors may all be inverter compressors, or may include some inverter compressors.
  • a high pressure protection switch 113 is arranged on the discharge pipe 112a close to the discharge port 111a of the compressor 111, so as to provide shutdown protection when the discharge pressure of the compressor 111 is too high.
  • an oil separator 114 is provided on the exhaust pipe 112a, wherein the gas input end of the oil separator 114 is connected with the exhaust port 111a of the compressor 111; the gas of the oil separator 114 The output end is connected to the first interface of the four-way valve 117 through the exhaust pipe 112a; the oil return discharge end of the oil separator 114 is connected to the oil return capillary 115, and is connected to the suction port 111b of the compressor 111 through a pipeline, so that Return lubricating oil to compressor 111 in time.
  • a compressor heating belt 111c is provided at the bottom of the compressor 111 so as to preheat the compressor 111 when needed.
  • a high pressure sensor 116 for detecting the discharge pressure of the compressor 111 is also provided on the discharge pipe 112a, and the high pressure sensor 116 is located downstream of the gas output end of the oil separator 114 .
  • a low-pressure sensor 125 for detecting the suction pressure of the compressor 111 is also provided on the suction pipe 112d, and the low-pressure sensor 125 is located downstream of the gas output end of the gas-liquid separator 124 .
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 118 can be, but not limited to, a fin coil heat exchanger or a plate heat exchanger, and is equipped with an outdoor heat exchanger fan (Fig. not shown).
  • the high-pressure accumulator 119 can receive the liquid refrigerant condensed by the outdoor heat exchanger 118, so as to adjust and ensure the circulation amount of the refrigerant in the refrigeration system.
  • a high-pressure accumulator heating belt 119a is provided on the high-pressure accumulator 119 to preheat the liquid refrigerant and ensure accurate supply of the refrigerant.
  • a dry filter 120 Downstream of the high-pressure liquid reservoir 119 , a dry filter 120 , a sight glass 121 and a liquid pipe shut-off valve 122 are sequentially connected in series on the liquid pipe 112 b.
  • the drying filter 120 can dry the moisture in the liquid refrigerant
  • the sight glass 121 can be used to observe the flow of the liquid refrigerant and detect the water content in the refrigerant
  • the setting of the liquid pipe shut-off valve 122 can help to remove the moisture in the refrigeration cycle.
  • the refrigerant is temporarily stored outdoors, so that the air conditioner 1 can be disassembled, repaired and maintained.
  • an indoor solenoid valve 213 is further provided at a position upstream of the expansion valve 212 on the liquid pipe 112 b to control the flow of liquid refrigerant into the indoor unit 21 .
  • the expansion valve 212 is a thermal expansion valve.
  • the expansion valve 212 may also be an electronic expansion valve, or other suitable expansion valves.
  • the indoor heat exchanger 211 includes but is not limited to a fin coil heat exchanger or a plate heat exchanger, and is equipped with an indoor heat exchanger fan (not shown in the figure).
  • a gas pipe shut-off valve 123 is also provided on the gas pipe 112c to cooperate with the liquid pipe shut-off valve 122 to help temporarily store the refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle outside the outdoor.
  • a bypass circuit 126 is provided between the discharge port 111 a and the suction port 111 b of the compressor 111 .
  • the diameter of the bypass circuit 126 is set to be smaller than that of the exhaust pipe 112a in the main circuit of the refrigeration system, so as to control the flow distribution of the refrigerant between the bypass circuit 126 and the main circuit of the refrigeration system.
  • Portions of the bypass loop 126 are bonded to the bottom 118 a of the outdoor heat exchanger 118 .
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 118 is in the form of a coil
  • the partial bypass loop 126 coupled to the bottom 118a of the outdoor heat exchanger 118 is in the form of a hairpin.
  • the hairpin tube combined with the bottom 118a of the outdoor heat exchanger 118 and forming part of the bypass circuit 126 is relatively independent from other hairpin tubes in the outdoor heat exchanger 118, and does not participate in the flow of refrigerant in the main cycle of the refrigeration system. delivery.
  • the number of hairpin tubes can also be configured as 2, 3, or other suitable numbers according to actual needs.
  • the part of the bypass loop 126 coupled to the bottom 118a of the outdoor heat exchanger 118 may also be configured in the form of a helical coil wound around the bottom 118a, or other suitable forms.
  • the injection valve 127 is a solenoid valve, or other suitable control valves.
  • the injection valve 127 is configured to form an electrical connection with the control system (not shown in the figure) of the air conditioner 1 , so as to automatically control the opening and closing of the injection valve 127 , and then adjust the on-off of the bypass circuit 126 .
  • the air conditioner 1 can perform cooling and heating cycles.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 118 acts as a condenser
  • the indoor heat exchanger 211 acts as an evaporator.
  • the compressor 111 starts to start, and the refrigerant (such as R410a) is compressed by the compressor 111 and then flows through the outdoor heat exchanger 118 (which acts as a condenser) in the form of high-temperature and high-pressure gas through the exhaust pipe 112a. ).
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant is condensed into a high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant by transferring heat to the air flow caused by the fan of the outdoor heat exchanger.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant sequentially flows through the high-pressure accumulator 119 , the dry filter 120 , the sight glass 121 , and the liquid pipe shut-off valve 122 to the expansion valve 212 of the indoor unit 21 .
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant is throttled to the low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant, and then distributed to the indoor heat exchanger 211 .
  • the low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant is evaporated into a low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant by absorbing the heat of the indoor air, thereby cooling the indoor air.
  • the low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant leaves the indoor heat exchanger 211 , passes through the corresponding gas pipe 112c and the gas pipe stop valve 123 , and then enters the gas-liquid separator 124 after passing through the four-way valve 117 .
  • the gaseous refrigerant that has undergone gas-liquid separation is sucked into it by the compressor 111 through the suction port 111b.
  • a complete refrigeration cycle is completed, and such refrigeration cycle can be performed without interruption in order to achieve the target refrigeration temperature.
  • the flow direction of the refrigerant in the outdoor unit 11 and the indoor unit 21 is just opposite to that in the refrigeration cycle, and the outdoor heat exchanger 118 acts as an evaporator, while the indoor heat exchange
  • the condenser 211 acts as a condenser.
  • the anti-frost control method of the air conditioner of the present invention will be described in detail below based on the above air conditioner 1 . It should be pointed out that the anti-frost control method of the air conditioner of the present invention can also be applied to other suitable refrigeration equipment.
  • Fig. 2 is a flow chart of the anti-frost control method of the air conditioner of the present invention.
  • step S1 is executed first, that is, to detect the outdoor ambient temperature.
  • the outdoor ambient temperature is detected by a temperature sensor arranged on one side of the outdoor heat exchanger 118.
  • step S2 compare the outdoor ambient temperature with the first preset temperature.
  • the first preset temperature is 7°C (degrees Celsius).
  • the first preset temperature may also be set to other suitable temperatures higher or lower than 7°C.
  • step S3 When the outdoor ambient temperature is lower than the first preset temperature, it is judged whether the air conditioner 1 needs to enter the anti-frost mode (step S3).
  • the outdoor ambient temperature is lower than the first preset temperature, it indicates that the outdoor heat exchanger 118 has a risk of frosting.
  • the air conditioner 1 is not immediately controlled to enter the anti-frost mode, but whether the air conditioner 1 needs to enter the anti-frost mode is judged first. It can be understood that when the air conditioner 1 enters the anti-frost mode, the injection valve 127 is controlled to close, and part of the high-temperature refrigerant compressed by the compressor 111 will flow into the bypass circuit 126 , reducing the energy efficiency of the compressor 111 .
  • step S4 is executed, that is, detecting the coil temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger 118 and obtaining the off-time of the injection valve 127 .
  • the coil temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger 118 is detected by a temperature sensor disposed in the middle of the outdoor heat exchanger 118 .
  • the air conditioner 1 When the coil temperature is less than the first difference between the outdoor ambient temperature and the first temperature correction value and lasts for the first preset time period, and the disconnection time of the injection valve is greater than or equal to the second preset time period, the air conditioner 1 enters into the prevention mode. In the frosting mode, the injection valve is controlled to be closed, wherein the second preset time period is greater than the first preset time period (step S5).
  • the "first difference” is the difference between the outdoor ambient temperature and the first temperature correction value.
  • the first temperature correction value is 3°C.
  • the first temperature correction value can also be set to other suitable temperatures higher or lower than 3°C.
  • the first preset time period is 10 minutes (minutes).
  • the first preset time period may also be set to other suitable time longer or shorter than 10 minutes.
  • the second preset time period is 15 minutes.
  • the second preset time period may also be set to other suitable time longer or shorter than 15 minutes, as long as it can be greater than the first preset time period.
  • Fig. 3 is a flow chart of the first embodiment of the anti-frost control method of the air conditioner of the present invention.
  • step S1 is executed first, that is, to detect the outdoor ambient temperature.
  • step S2 compare the measured outdoor ambient temperature with the first preset temperature (step S2).
  • step S2 compares the measured outdoor ambient temperature with the first preset temperature (step S2).
  • step S3 start to judge whether the air conditioner 1 needs to enter the anti-frost mode.
  • step S41 is executed to detect the coil temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger 118 . Comparing the measured coil temperature with the outdoor ambient temperature, that is, judging whether the coil temperature is less than the first difference between the outdoor ambient temperature and the first temperature correction value for a first preset time period (step S51). When the coil temperature is greater than or equal to the first difference, it means that the coil temperature is high at this time, and the possibility of frosting is small; when the coil temperature is less than the first difference but the duration has not reached the first preset time period At this time, it means that although the temperature of the coil is low and the duration is not enough, the possibility of frost is not high. In the above two cases, repeat step S41 to continue detecting the change of the coil temperature.
  • step S42 When the coil temperature is less than the first difference and lasts for the first preset time, it means that the coil temperature is low and lasts longer, and the outdoor heat exchanger 118 has a risk of frosting.
  • the control method proceeds to step S42 to obtain the off-time of the injection valve 127 .
  • step S52 compare the obtained disconnection duration with a second preset time period (step S52).
  • the disconnection duration is less than the second preset time period, it means that the time interval from the previous closing of the injection valve 127 is relatively short. If the closing of the injection valve 127 is controlled at this time, the energy efficiency of the compressor 111 may be significantly reduced, and the indoor air conditioner may be affected.
  • step S42 is repeated to continue to obtain the current off-time of the injection valve 127 .
  • the control method proceeds to step S53, that is, the air conditioner 1 is controlled to enter the anti-frost mode, and the injection valve 127 is controlled to close.
  • Fig. 4 is a flow chart of the second embodiment of the anti-frost control method of the air conditioner of the present invention.
  • the control method proceeds to step S5, that is, the injection valve 127 is controlled to close.
  • the control method executes step S61 and step 62, and re-detects the outdoor ambient temperature and the coil temperature after a third preset time period.
  • the third preset time period is 2 minutes.
  • the third preset time period may also be set to other suitable time longer or shorter than 2 minutes.
  • the measured current coil temperature and the current outdoor ambient temperature are compared with the second difference between the second temperature correction value (step S63).
  • the "second difference” is the difference between the current outdoor ambient temperature and the second temperature correction value.
  • the second temperature correction value is smaller than the first temperature correction value.
  • the second temperature correction value is 1°C.
  • the second temperature correction value can also be set to other suitable temperature higher or lower than 1°C.
  • step S65 is executed. That is, the control injection valve 127 is opened. After step S65 is executed, the control method ends.
  • step S66 that is, obtains the closing time of the injection valve 127 .
  • step S67 compare the obtained closing duration with the fourth preset time period.
  • the fourth preset time period is 20 minutes.
  • the fourth preset time period may also be set to other suitable time longer or shorter than 20 minutes.
  • step S68 the injection valve 127 is controlled to remain closed (step S68), so that the outdoor heat exchanger 118 is continuously heated.
  • step S65 the control method ends.
  • Fig. 5 is a flow chart of the third embodiment of the frosting prevention control method of the air conditioner of the present invention.
  • step S51 that is, when it is judged whether the coil temperature is less than the first difference and lasts for the first preset time period, if the judgment result is If yes, execute step S70, that is, continue to compare the coil temperature with the third difference between the outdoor ambient temperature and the third temperature correction value.
  • the "third difference” is the difference between the outdoor ambient temperature and the third temperature correction value.
  • the third temperature correction value is greater than the first temperature correction value.
  • the third temperature correction value is 10°C.
  • the third temperature correction value can also be set to other suitable temperature higher or lower than 10°C, as long as it can be greater than the first temperature correction value.
  • step S71 is performed to control the air conditioner 1 to enter the defrosting mode, control the four-way valve 117 to change direction, and control the injection valve 127 to close, so as to quickly transport the high-temperature steam refrigerant flowing out of the exhaust port 111a of the compressor 111 to the outdoor
  • the bottom of the heat exchanger 118 is used to heat and defrost the outdoor heat exchanger 118 .
  • step S72 is executed, that is, the temperature of the coil is re-detected, and the accumulative running time of the air conditioner entering the defrosting mode is obtained. Then, the control method proceeds to step S73 to compare the re-measured coil temperature with the second preset temperature.
  • the second preset temperature is 9°C.
  • the second preset temperature can also be set to other suitable temperature higher or lower than 9°C.
  • step S72 When the current coil temperature is lower than the second preset temperature, repeat step S72; The frost phenomenon has been greatly alleviated, even the frost layer has been completely removed, then step S75 is executed, the air conditioner 1 is controlled to exit the defrosting mode, the four-way valve 117 is controlled to reverse direction to enter the heating mode, and the injection valve 127 is controlled to be disconnected, so as to The energy efficiency of the compressor 111 is improved, and the indoor heating effect is enhanced.
  • step S73 the control method also executes step S74 at the same time, that is, comparing the accumulative running time of the air conditioner 1 in the defrosting mode with the fifth preset time period. In one or more embodiments, the fifth preset time period is 10 minutes.
  • the fifth preset time period may also be set to other suitable time longer or shorter than 10 minutes.
  • repeat step S72 when the cumulative running time of the air conditioner 1 entering the defrosting mode is less than the fifth preset time period, repeat step S72; when the cumulative running time of the air conditioner 1 entering the defrosting mode is greater than or equal to the fifth preset time period, at this time
  • the air conditioner 1 has been running in the cooling mode for a long time, and the indoor temperature may have dropped significantly.
  • step S75 is executed.
  • step S70 if the judgment result is no, that is, when the coil temperature is greater than or equal to the third difference, then step S42 is executed, that is, the off-time of the injection valve 117 is acquired.
  • the remaining unexplained steps in the third embodiment may be the same as those in the first embodiment and the second embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

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Abstract

本发明涉及空调器的防结霜控制方法及使用该控制方法的空调器。该空调器在压缩机的排气口和吸气口之间设有旁通回路,旁通回路的部分结合到室外换热器的底部,并且旁通回路具有位于排气口与底部之间的喷射阀,控制方法包括:检测室外环境温度;将室外环境温度与第一预设温度进行比较;当室外环境温度小于第一预设温度时,开始判断空调器是否需要进入防结霜模式;检测室外换热器的盘管温度,并获取喷射阀的断开时长;当盘管温度小于室外环境温度与第一温度修正值的第一差值并持续第一预设时间段,并且喷射阀的断开时长大于等于第二预设时间段时,空调器进入所述防结霜模式,控制所述喷射阀闭合。本发明空调器可在低温制热时有效防止结霜。

Description

空调器的防结霜控制方法及空调器
优先权要求
本申请要求以下中国发明专利申请的优先权:2021年6月22日提交的、申请号为“202110693797.8”的中国发明专利申请。该申请的内容通过引用全部结合到本文中。
技术领域
本发明涉及制冷技术领域,具体地涉及空调器的防结霜控制方法及空调器。
背景技术
空调,包括分体式空调、一体式空调、或VRF(Variable Refrigerant Volume)等空调系统,一般都包括用于压缩冷媒的压缩机、将冷媒膨胀降压的膨胀装置、室外换热器(一般为“盘管”形式)和室内换热器(一般为“盘管”形式),室外盘管用于与室外空气交换热量,而室内盘管则用于与室内空气交换热量以降低或提高室内空气的温度。在分体式空调或VRF空调系统中,室内盘管通常都置于独立的室内机单元中,例如挂壁式室内机、落地式柜机、或嵌入式室内机。当前很多空调都配置成能够提供制冷、制热或二者混合的功能。在制冷模式下,室内盘管充当蒸发器,在空调内循环的冷媒在蒸发器内蒸发而从室内空气吸走热量,使得室内空气被降低温度(即制冷)。在制热模式下,室内盘管起到冷凝器的作用,冷媒在室内盘管中通过将热量释放给室内空气而被冷凝成液体,同时室内空气也被加热到更高的温度(即制热)。
当室外环境温度较低时(例如低于5℃),空调通常会被控制运行制热模式,以便向受调节的房间内输送热量。此时,室外盘管充当蒸发器的作用,液态冷媒需要吸热蒸发成气态冷媒,因此室外盘管的温度较低,容易产生结霜的现象。尤其是当室外环境中的湿度也较大时,室外换热器的结霜的速度会加快。室外换热器上结霜后,霜层会增加热阻,使得室外换热器的换热效果降低,进而降低室内制热效果,同时能效也会降低,功耗随之增 加。为了解决空调低温工况下运行制热模式时容易结霜的技术问题,现有技术中的一般做法是将空调切换成制冷模式,利用压缩机排出的高温蒸汽对室外换热器进行加热除霜。但是,以此同时,空调不仅会暂停对室内输送热风,更会将冷风输送到室内,使得室内温度不升反降。特别是在恶劣的工况下,空调需要频繁地切换到制冷模式进行除霜,而且每次除霜的时间也较长,极大地降低了用户的使用体验。
相应地,本领域需要一种新的技术方案来解决上述问题。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术中的上述问题,即为了解决现有技术中空调器在低温工况下运行制热模式时室外换热器易结霜的技术问题,本发明提供一种空调器的防结霜控制方法。所述空调器包括压缩机和室外换热器,在所述压缩机的排气口和吸气口之间设有旁通回路,所述旁通回路的部分结合到所述室外换热器的底部,并且所述旁通回路具有位于所述排气口与所述底部之间的喷射阀,所述控制方法包括:
检测室外环境温度;
将所述室外环境温度与第一预设温度进行比较;
当所述室外环境温度小于所述第一预设温度时,开始判断所述空调器是否需要进入防结霜模式;
检测所述室外换热器的盘管温度,并获取所述喷射阀的断开时长;
当所述盘管温度小于所述室外环境温度与第一温度修正值的第一差值并持续第一预设时间段,并且所述喷射阀的断开时长大于等于第二预设时间段时,所述空调器进入所述防结霜模式,控制所述喷射阀闭合,
其中,所述第二预设时间段大于所述第一预设时间段。
本领域技术人员能够理解的是,在使用本发明空调器的防结霜控制方法的空调器中,包括压缩机和室外换热器。在压缩机的排气口和吸气口之间设有旁通回路,旁通回路的部分结合到室外换热器的底部,并且在旁通回路上设有位于排气口和室外换热器的底部的喷射阀。通过上述的配置,当室外换热器存在结霜的风险时,可以控制喷射阀闭合,使得从压缩机的排气口流出的部分高温冷媒能够通过旁通回路输送到室外换热器的底部,以便对室外换热器进行加热,避免室外换热器出现结霜,或者延缓结霜的时间,防 止空调器频繁进入除霜模式。在本发明空调器的防结霜控制方法中,首先检测室外环境温度,接着将测得的室外环境温度与第一预设温度进行比较。当室外环境温度低于第一预设温度时,说明此时室外环境温度较低,室外换热器存在结霜的风险。然后,判断空调器是否满足进入防结霜模式的进入条件。检测室外换热器的盘管温度,同时获取喷射阀的断开时长。当室外换热器的盘管温度小于室外环境温度与第一温度修正值的第一差值并持续第一预设时间段,并且当喷射阀的断开时长大于等于第二预设时间段时,控制空调器进入防结霜模式,控制喷射阀闭合。需要指出的是,当室外换热器的盘管温度小于室外环境温度与第一温度修正值的第一差值并持续第一预设时间段时,说明此时室外换热器的温度较低,室外换热器出现结霜的风险较高。另外,当喷射阀的断开时长大于等于第二预设时间段时,说明此时距离前一次喷射阀闭合已经间隔一定时间,控制喷射阀闭合对室内制热的整体效果影响较小。当同时满足上述两个条件时,控制空调器进入防结霜模式,不仅能够有效防止结霜现象的产生,而且能够兼顾压缩机的能效,从而保持空调器稳定运行。更为重要的是,本发明空调器的防结霜控制方法可以不将空调器转换为制冷模式,就能实现延缓结霜时间甚至避免结霜产生的目的,从而显著提升用户的使用体验和舒适性。
在上述的空调器的防结霜控制方法的优选技术方案中,所述控制方法还包括:
当控制所述喷射阀闭合后,经过第三预设时间段,重新检测所述室外环境温度和所述盘管温度;
将当前的所述盘管温度与所述室外环境温度进行比较;
基于所述比较结果控制所述喷射阀的开闭。
在上述的空调器的防结霜控制方法的优选技术方案中,当当前的所述盘管温度小于所述室外环境温度与第二温度修正值的第二差值时,保持所述喷射阀闭合,
其中,所述第二温度修正值小于所述第一温度修正值。当当前的盘管温度仍然小于第二差值时,说明此时的室外盘管温度仍然较低,仍然存在结霜的风险,因此控制喷射阀保持闭合,以便持续对室外换热器进行加热。
在上述的空调器的防结霜控制方法的优选技术方案中,当当前的所述盘管温度大于等于所述第二差值时,控制所述喷射阀断开。当当前的盘 管温度大于等于第二差值时,说明此时室外换热器的盘管温度已经升高,结霜的可能性已经大大降低,为了兼顾压缩机的能效,控制喷射阀断开。
在上述的空调器的防结霜控制方法的优选技术方案中,所述控制方法还包括:
当控制所述喷射阀闭合后,获取所述喷射阀的闭合时长;
将所述闭合时长与第四预设时间段进行比较;
当所述闭合时长小于所述第四预设时间段时,控制所述喷射阀保持闭合。当喷射阀的闭合时长小于第四预设时间段时,说明此时喷射阀的闭合时间还较短,旁通回路的开启对压缩机能效的影响较小,进一步地对室内制热效果的影响也较小,因此控制喷射阀保持闭合,以便持续对室外换热器进行加热。
在上述的空调器的防结霜控制方法的优选技术方案中,当所述闭合时长大于等于所述第四预设时间段时,控制所述喷射阀断开。当喷射阀的闭合时长大于等于第四预设时间段时,说明此时喷射阀的闭合时间较长,可能会使压缩机的能效明显降低,从而显著降低室内制热效果,因此控制喷射阀断开。
在上述的空调器的防结霜控制方法的优选技术方案中,当所述盘管温度小于所述室外环境温度与第一温度修正值的第一差值并持续第一预设时间段后,所述控制方法还包括:
将所述盘管温度与所述室外环境温度与第三温度修正值的第三差值进行比较;
当所述盘管温度小于所述第三差值时,控制所述空调器进入除霜模式,控制所述空调器的四通阀换向,并且控制所述喷射阀闭合,
其中,所述第三温度修正值大于所述第一温度修正值。当盘管温度小于室外环境温度与第三温度修正值的第三差值时,说明此时室外换热器可能已经出现结霜的现象。此时,控制空调器进入除霜模式,控制四通阀换向,并且控制喷射阀闭合,以便将压缩机排气口流出的高温蒸汽冷媒快速地输送到室外换热器上进行加热除霜,增强除霜效果。
在上述的空调器的防结霜控制方法的优选技术方案中,当所述空调器进入除霜模式后,
重新检测所述盘管温度,并获取所述空调器进入除霜模式的累计运行时长;
当当前的所述盘管温度大于等于第二预设温度,或者当所述累计运行时长大于等于第五预设时间段,则控制所述空调器退出除霜模式,控制所述四通阀反向换向,并且控制所述喷射阀断开。当当前的盘管温度大于等于第二预设温度时,说明此时的盘管温度已经升高,室外换热器上的结霜现象已经大大缓解,甚至霜层已经完全去除,因此控制空调器退出除霜模式,控制四通阀反向换向进入制热模式,并且控制喷射阀断开,以提高压缩机的能效,增强室内制热效果。另外,空调器进入除霜模式的累计运行时长超过第五预设时间段时,此时空调器已经以制冷模式运行了较长时间,室内温度可能已明显降低,为了满足用户的制热需求,控制空调器退出除霜模式,并继续对室内输送热量。以上两个条件满足其中之一即可控制空调器退出除霜模式,使得空调器退出除霜模式的时机更加符合实际需要。
为了解决现有技术中的上述问题,即为了解决现有技术中空调器在低温工况下运行制热模式时室外换热器易结霜的技术问题,本发明还提供一种空调器。所述空调器包括:
压缩机,所述压缩机具有排气口和吸气口;
室外换热器;
旁通回路,所述旁通回路配置成从所述排气口延伸到所述压吸气口,所述旁通回路的部分结合到所述室外换热器的底部,并且所述旁通回路具有位于所述排气口与所述底部之间的喷射阀,并且所述空调器使用根据上面任意一项所述的防结霜控制方法控制所述空调器。通过使用上述的防结霜控制方法,本发明空调器可以在低温工况下运行制热模式时,适时地控制喷射阀闭合,使得从压缩机的排气口流出的部分高温冷媒能够通过旁通回路输送到室外换热器的底部,以便对室外换热器进行加热,避免室外换热器出现结霜,或者延缓结霜的时间,防止空调器频繁进入除霜模式。
在上述的空调器的优选技术方案中,结合到所述底部的所述旁通回路的部分为发卡管的形式。结合到室外换热器的底部的旁通回路的部分采用发卡管的形式,不仅能够使旁通回路的装配更加简单,而且可以根据实际需要采取与室外换热器底部的多个发卡管相结合,进而提升防结霜的效果。
附图说明
下面参照附图来描述本发明的优选实施方式,附图中:
图1是本发明空调器的实施例的系统示意图;
图2是本发明空调器的防结霜控制方法的流程图;
图3是本发明空调器的防结霜控制方法的第一实施例的流程图;
图4是本发明空调器的防结霜控制方法的第二实施例的流程图;
图5是本发明空调器的防结霜控制方法的第三实施例的流程图。
附图标记列表:
1、空调器;11、室外机组;111、压缩机;111a、排气口;111b、吸气口;111c、压缩机加热带;112a、排气管;112b、液体管;112c、气体管;112d、吸气管;113、高压保护开关;114、油分离器;115、回油毛细管;116、高压传感器;117、四通阀;118、室外换热器;118a、底部;119、高压储液器;119a、高压储液器加热带;120、干燥过滤器;121、视液镜;122、液管截止阀;123、气管截止阀;124、气液分离器;125、低压传感器;126、旁通回路;127、喷射阀;21、室内机;211、室内换热器;212、膨胀阀;213、室内电磁阀。
具体实施方式
下面参照附图来描述本发明的优选实施方式。本领域技术人员应当理解的是,这些实施方式仅仅用于解释本发明的技术原理,并非旨在限制本发明的保护范围。
为了解决现有技术中,即为了解决现有技术中空调器在低温工况下运行制热模式时室外换热器易结霜的技术问题,本发明提供一种空调器的防结霜控制方法。该空调器1包括压缩机111和室外换热器118,在压缩机111的排气口111a和吸气口111b之间设有旁通回路126,旁通回路126的部分结合到室外换热器118的底部118a,并且旁通回路126具有位于排气口111a与底部118a之间的喷射阀127。本发明空调器的防结霜控制方法包括:
检测室外环境温度(步骤S1);
将所述室外环境温度与第一预设温度进行比较(步骤S2);
当所述室外环境温度小于所述第一预设温度时,开始判断所述空调器是否需要进入防结霜模式(步骤S3);
检测所述室外换热器的盘管温度,并获取所述喷射阀的断开时长(步骤S4);
当所述盘管温度小于所述室外环境温度与第一温度修正值的第一差值并持续第一预设时间段,并且所述喷射阀的断开时长大于等于第二预设时间段时,所述空调器进入所述防结霜模式,控制所述喷射阀闭合,其中,第二预设时间段大于第一预设时间段(步骤S5)。
图1是本发明空调器的实施例的系统示意图。如图1所示,在一种或多种实施例中,空调器1包括室外机组11(其一般被布置在室外环境中)和一个室内机21(其一般被布置在室内或房间内)。替代地,空调器1可配有多个并联的室内机,例如两个、三个、四个或其它合适数量的室内机。图1只示出一个室内机21。在配置多个室内机的情况下,根据实际需要,多个室内机的配置可以相同,也可以不相同。
如图1所示,在一种或多种实施例中,室外机组11主要包括压缩机111、四通阀117、室外换热器118、高压储液器119、和气液分离器124;室内机21主要包括室内换热器211、膨胀阀212、和室内电磁阀213。压缩机111具有排气口111a和吸气口111b。压缩机111的排气口111a通过排气管112a与四通阀117的第一接口相连;四通阀117的第二接口连接到室外换热器118的输入端;室外换热器118的输出端通过液体管112b依次与高压储液器119、室内机21的膨胀阀212和室内换热器211相连;室内换热器211通过气体管112c与四通阀117的第三接口相连;四通阀117的第四接口与气液分离器124的进气口相连,气液分离器124的出气口通过吸气管112d与压缩机111的吸气口111b相连,从而互联形成允许冷媒在其中流动的制冷循环回路,并且借助四通阀117可实现空调器1的制冷模式和制热模式的相互转换。
如图1所示,在一种或多种实施例中,压缩机111为一台变频压缩机。替代地,压缩机111可包括两台或更多台并联的压缩机。这些压缩机可以全部是变频压缩机,也可以包括部分变频压缩机。在一种或多种实施例中,在靠近压缩机111的排气口111a的排气管112a上布置有高压保护开关113,以便在压缩机111的排气压力过高时提供停机保护。在一种或多种实施例中,在排气管112a上设有油分离器114,其中,油分离器114的气体输入端与压缩机111的排气口111a相连;油分离器114的气体输出端通过排气管112a连接到四通阀117的第一接口;油分离器114的回油排出端与回油毛细管115相连, 并通过管路连接到压缩机111的吸气口111b,以便及时将润滑油返回到压缩机111中。在一种或多种实施例中,在压缩机111的底部设置有压缩机加热带111c,以便需要的时候对压缩机111进行预热。在一种或多种实施例中,在排气管112a上还设置有用于检测压缩机111排气压力的高压传感器116,高压传感器116位于油分离器114的气体输出端的下游。在一种或多种实施例中,在吸气管112d上还设置有用以检测压缩机111的吸气压力的低压传感器125,低压传感器125位于气液分离器124的气体输出端的下游。
如图1所示,在一种或多种实施例中,室外换热器118可以是但不限于翅片盘管式换热器或板式换热器,并且配有室外换热器风机(图中未示出)。高压储液器119可以接收室外换热器118冷凝后的液态冷媒,以调节和保证制冷系统中的冷媒循环量。在一种或多种实施例中,在高压储液器119上设置有高压储液器加热带119a,以便对液态冷媒进行预加热,确保冷媒的精确供应。在高压储液器119的下游,在液体管112b上还依次串联有干燥过滤器120、视液镜121和液管截止阀122。干燥过滤器120可以对液态冷媒中的水分进行干燥,视液镜121可用来观察液态冷媒的流动状况并检测冷媒中的含水量,并且液管截止阀122的设置可以帮助将制冷循环回路内的冷媒暂时储存在室外侧,以便对空调器1进行拆装、维修和保养。在一种或多种实施例中,在液体管112b的位于膨胀阀212上游的位置处还设置有室内电磁阀213,以控制液态冷媒流入室内机21。
如图1所示,在一种或多种实施例中,膨胀阀212为热力膨胀阀。替代地,膨胀阀212也可为电子膨胀阀,或者其它合适的膨胀阀。室内换热器211包括但不限于翅片盘管式换热器或板式换热器,并且配有室内换热器风机(图中未示出)。在气体管112c上还设置有气管截止阀123,以便与液管截止阀122配合,帮助将制冷循环回路内的冷媒暂时储存在室外侧。
如图1所示,在一种或多种实施例中,在压缩机111的排气口111a和吸气口111b之间设有旁通回路126。旁通回路126的管径设置成小于制冷系统主回路中排气管112a的管径,以便控制冷媒在旁通回路126和制冷系统主回路之间的流量分布。旁通回路126的部分结合在室外换热器118的底部118a上。在一种或多种实施例中,室外换热器118为盘管形式,并且结合到室外换热器118的底部118a的部分旁通回路126为发卡管的形式。需要指出的是,与室外换热器118的底部118a相结合并构成旁通回路126的一部分的发卡管 与室外换热器118中的其它发卡管相对独立,不参与制冷系统主循环中冷媒的输送。在一种或多种实施例中,构成旁通回路126的一部分的发卡管为1根。替代地,发卡管的数量也可根据实际需要配置成2根、3根、或者其它合适的数量。进一步地,旁通回路126的结合到室外换热器118的底部118a的部分也可配置成缠绕在底部118a的螺旋形状的盘管形式,或者其它合适的形式。喷射阀127为电磁阀,或者其它合适形式的控制阀。喷射阀127配置成与空调器1的控制系统(图中未示出)形成电连接,以便自动控制喷射阀127的开闭,进而调整旁通回路126的通断。
借助四通阀117,空调器1可进行制冷和制热循环。在制冷循环中,室外换热器118充当冷凝器,而室内换热器211充当蒸发器。当空调器1接收到制冷指令时,压缩机111开始启动,冷媒(例如R410a)被压缩机111压缩后以高温高压的气体形式经排气管112a流经室外换热器118(其充当冷凝器)。在室外换热器118中,高温高压的气态冷媒通过向由室外换热器风机所引起的空气流传递热量而被冷凝成高温高压的液态冷媒。高温高压的液态冷媒依次流过高压储液器119、干燥过滤器120、视液镜121、液管截止阀122而流到室内机21的膨胀阀212。在膨胀阀212中,高温高压的液态冷媒被节流到低温低压的液态冷媒,然后被分配到室内换热器211中。低温低压的液态冷媒通过吸收室内空气的热量而被蒸发成低温低压的气态冷媒,室内空气因此被冷却降温。低温低压的气态冷媒离开室内换热器211后经过对应的气体管112c和气管截止阀123,然后经过四通阀117后进入气液分离器124中。经过气液分离的气态冷媒又被压缩机111通过吸气口111b吸入其中。一个完整的制冷循环得以完成,并且这样的制冷循环可不间断地进行,以便实现目标制冷温度。如图1中的箭头所示,在制热循环中,冷媒在室外单元11和室内单元21中的流向与制冷循环时的流向正好相反,并且室外换热器118充当蒸发器,而室内换热器211充当冷凝器。
下面基于上述的空调器1对本发明空调器的防结霜控制方法进行详细说明。需要指出的是,本发明空调器的防结霜控制方法也可用于其它合适的制冷设备。
图2是本发明空调器的防结霜控制方法的流程图。如图2所示,当本发明空调器的防结霜控制方法开始后,首先执行步骤S1,即检测室外环境温度。在一种或多种实施例中,室外环境温度通过布置在室外换热器118一 侧的温度传感器进行检测。接着,将室外环境温度与第一预设温度进行比较(步骤S2)。在一种或多种实施例中,第一预设温度为7℃(摄氏度)。替代地,第一预设温度也可设置成比7℃高或低的其它合适的温度。当室外环境温度低于第一预设温度时,开始判断空调器1是否需要进入防结霜模式(步骤S3)。当室外环境温度低于第一预设温度时,说明室外换热器118存在结霜的风险。但是此时并不立即控制空调器1进入防结霜模式,而是先判断空调器1是否需要进入防结霜模式。可以理解的是,当空调器1进入防结霜模式后,喷射阀127被控制闭合,压缩机111压缩后的部分高温冷媒会流入旁通回路126中,使得压缩机111的能效降低。因此,通过设置更加严格的防结霜模式的进入条件,可以使空调器1进入防结霜模式的时机更加精准。因此,开始判断空调器1是否需要进入防结霜模式后,执行步骤S4,即检测室外换热器118的盘管温度,并获取喷射阀127的断开时长。在一种或多种实施例中,室外换热器118的盘管温度通过布置在室外换热器118中部的温度传感器进行检测。当盘管温度小于室外环境温度与第一温度修正值的第一差值并持续第一预设时间段,并且喷射阀的断开时长大于等于第二预设时间段时,空调器1进入防结霜模式,控制喷射阀闭合,其中,第二预设时间段大于第一预设时间段(步骤S5)。需要指出的是,“第一差值”即室外环境温度与第一温度修正值的差值。在一种或多种实施例中,第一温度修正值为3℃。替代地,第一温度修正值也可设置成比3℃高或低的其它合适的温度。进一步地,第一预设时间段为10min(分钟)。替代地,第一预设时间段也可设置成比10min长或短的其它合适的时间。更进一步地,第二预设时间段为15min。替代地,第二预设时间段也可设置成比15min长或短的其它合适的时间,只要能够大于第一预设时间段即可。
图3是本发明空调器的防结霜控制方法的第一实施例的流程图。如图3所示,当本发明空调器的防结霜控制方法开始后,首先执行步骤S1,即检测室外环境温度。接着,将测得的室外环境温度与第一预设温度进行比较(步骤S2)。当室外环境温度大于等于第一预设温度时,说明此时室外环境温度较高,室外换热器118结霜的风险较小,因此重复步骤S1。当室外环境温度小于第一预设温度时,开始判断空调器1是否需要进入防结霜模式(步骤S3)。然后,执行步骤S41,检测室外换热器118的盘管温度。将测得的盘管温度与室外环境温度进行比较,即判断盘管温度是否小于室外环境温度与 第一温度修正值的第一差值并持续第一预设时间段(步骤S51)。当盘管温度大于等于第一差值时,说明此时盘管温度较高,出现结霜的可能性较小;当盘管温度小于第一差值但持续时间未达到第一预设时间段时,说明虽然盘管温度较低持续的时间还不够,结霜的可能性还不大。在上述两种情况下,重复步骤S41,继续检测盘管温度的变化。当盘管温度小于第一差值并持续第一预设时间时,说明盘管温度较低且持续时间也较长,室外换热器118存在结霜的风险。控制方法前进到步骤S42,获取喷射阀127的断开时长。接着,将获取的断开时长与第二预设时间段进行比较(步骤S52)。当断开时长小于第二预设时间段时,说明此时距离前一次喷射阀127闭合的间隔时间较短,如果此时控制喷射阀127闭合可能会显著降低压缩机111的能效,对室内制热效果造成较大的影响,因此重复步骤S42,继续获取当前的喷射阀127的断开时长。当断开时长大于等于第二预设时间段时,控制方法前进到步骤S53,即控制空调器1进入防结霜模式,控制喷射阀127闭合。
图4是本发明空调器的防结霜控制方法的第二实施例的流程图。如图4所示,控制方法前进到步骤S5,即控制喷射阀127闭合。然后,控制方法执行步骤S61和步骤62,经过第三预设时间段后,重新检测室外环境温度和盘管温度。在一种或多种实施例中,第三预设时间段为2min。替代地,第三预设时间段也可设置成比2min长或短的其它合适的时间。接着,将测得的当前的盘管温度和当前的室外环境温度与第二温度修正值的第二差值进行比较(步骤S63)。需要指出的是,“第二差值”即为当前的室外环境温度与第二温度修正值的差值。其中,第二温度修正值小于第一温度修正值。在一种或多种实施例中,第二温度修正值为1℃。替代地,第二温度修正值也可设置成比1℃高或低的其它合适的温度。当当前的盘管温度小于第二差值时,说明此时盘管温度仍然很低,室外换热器118结霜的可能性仍然很高,则执行步骤S64,控制喷射阀127保持闭合。然后,重复执行步骤S61和步骤S62,经过第三预设时间段后,继续检测室外环境温度和盘管温度。当当前的盘管温度大于等于第二差值时,说明此时盘管温度已经升高,室外换热器118结霜的可能性已经大大降低,为了兼顾压缩机111的能效,执行步骤S65,即控制喷射阀127断开。在执行步骤S65后,控制方法结束。
如图4所示,当控制方法前进到步骤S5时,控制方法还执行步骤S66,即获取喷射阀127的闭合时长。接着,将获得的闭合时长与第四预设时 间段进行比较(步骤S67)。在一种或多种实施例中,第四预设时间段为20min。替代地,第四预设时间段也可设置成比20min长或短的其它合适的时间。当闭合时长小于第四预设时间段时,说明喷射阀127的闭合时间还较短,旁通回路126的开启对压缩机111能效的影响较小,对室内制热效果的影响也较小,因此控制喷射阀127保持闭合(步骤S68),以便持续对室外换热器118进行加热。当闭合时长大于等于第四预设时间段时,说明此时喷射阀127的闭合时间较长,可能会使压缩机111的能效明显降低,从而显著降低室内制热效果,因此控制喷射阀断开(步骤S65)。在执行步骤S65后,控制方法结束。
图5是本发明空调器的防结霜控制方法的第三实施例的流程图。如图5所示,在一种或多种实施例中,当控制方法前进到步骤S51时,即判断盘管温度是否小于第一差值并持续第一预设时间段时,如果判断结果为是,则执行步骤S70,即继续将盘管温度与室外环境温度与第三温度修正值的第三差值进行比较。需要指出的是,“第三差值”即室外环境温度与第三温度修正值的差值。其中,第三温度修正值大于第一温度修正值。在一种或多种实施例中,第三温度修正值为10℃。替代地,第三温度修正值也可设置成比10℃高或低的其它合适的温度,只要能够大于第一温度修正值即可。当盘管温度小于第三差值时,说明此时室外换热器118可能已经出现结霜的现象。因此,执行步骤S71,控制空调器1进入除霜模式,控制四通阀117换向,并且控制喷射阀127闭合,以便将压缩机111的排气口111a流出的高温蒸汽冷媒快速地输送到室外换热器118的底部以对室外换热器118进行加热除霜。
如图5所示,当空调器1进入除霜模式后,执行步骤S72,即重新检测盘管温度,并获取空调器进入除霜模式的累计运行时长。接着,控制方法前进到步骤S73,将重新测得的盘管温度与第二预设温度进行比较。在一种或多种实施例中,第二预设温度为9℃。替代地,第二预设温度也可设置成比9℃高或低的其它合适的温度。当当前的盘管温度小于第二预设温度时,重复执行步骤S72;当当前的盘管温度大于等于第二预设温度时,说明盘管温度已经升高,室外换热器118上的结霜现象已经大大缓解,甚至霜层已经完全去除,则执行步骤S75,控制空调器1退出除霜模式,控制四通阀117反向换向进入制热模式,并且控制喷射阀127断开,以提高压缩机111的能效,增强室内制热效果。另外,在执行步骤S73的时候,控制方法同时还执行步 骤S74,即将空调器1进入除霜模式的累计运行时长与第五预设时间段进行比较。在一种或多种实施例中,第五预设时间段为10min。替代地,第五预设时间段也可设置成比10min长或短的其它合适的时间。当空调器1进入除霜模式的累计运行时长小于第五预设时间段时,重复执行步骤S72;当空调器1进入除霜模式的累计运行时长大于等于第五预设时间段时,此时空调器1已经以制冷模式运行了较长时间,室内温度可能已明显降低,为了满足制热需求、提高用户的使用体验,执行步骤S75。可以理解的是,当盘管温度和累计运行时长这两个除霜模式的退出条件满足其中之一时,即控制空调器1退出除霜模式,能够使空调器1退出除霜模式的时机更加符合实际需要。
如图5所示,在执行步骤S70后,如果判断结果为否,即当盘管温度大于等于第三差值时,则执行步骤S42,即获取喷射阀117的断开时长。第三实施例中其余未说明的步骤可与第一实施例及第二实施例相同,在此不再赘述。
至此,已经结合附图所示的优选实施方式描述了本发明的技术方案,但是,本领域技术人员容易理解的是,本发明的保护范围显然不局限于这些具体实施方式。在不偏离本发明的原理的前提下,本领域技术人员可以对来自不同实施例的技术特征进行组合,也可以对相关技术特征作出等同的更改或替换,这些更改或替换之后的技术方案都将落入本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种空调器的防结霜控制方法,其特征在于,所述空调器包括压缩机和室外换热器,在所述压缩机的排气口和吸气口之间设有旁通回路,所述旁通回路的部分结合到所述室外换热器的底部,并且所述旁通回路具有位于所述排气口与所述底部之间的喷射阀,所述控制方法包括:
    检测室外环境温度;
    将所述室外环境温度与第一预设温度进行比较;
    当所述室外环境温度小于所述第一预设温度时,开始判断所述空调器是否需要进入防结霜模式;
    检测所述室外换热器的盘管温度,并获取所述喷射阀的断开时长;
    当所述盘管温度小于所述室外环境温度与第一温度修正值的第一差值并持续第一预设时间段,并且所述喷射阀的断开时长大于等于第二预设时间段时,所述空调器进入所述防结霜模式,控制所述喷射阀闭合,
    其中,所述第二预设时间段大于所述第一预设时间段。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的空调器的防结霜控制方法,其特征在于,所述控制方法还包括:
    当控制所述喷射阀闭合后,经过第三预设时间段,重新检测所述室外环境温度和所述盘管温度;
    将当前的所述盘管温度与所述室外环境温度进行比较;
    基于所述比较结果控制所述喷射阀的开闭。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的空调器的防结霜控制方法,其特征在于,
    当当前的所述盘管温度小于所述室外环境温度与第二温度修正值的第二差值时,保持所述喷射阀闭合,
    其中,所述第二温度修正值小于所述第一温度修正值。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的空调器的防结霜控制方法,其特征在于,
    当当前的所述盘管温度大于等于所述第二差值时,控制所述喷射阀断开。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的空调器的防结霜控制方法,其特征在于,所述控制方法还包括:
    当控制所述喷射阀闭合后,获取所述喷射阀的闭合时长;
    将所述闭合时长与第四预设时间段进行比较;
    当所述闭合时长小于所述第四预设时间段时,控制所述喷射阀保持闭合。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的空调器的防结霜控制方法,其特征在于,当所述闭合时长大于等于所述第四预设时间段时,控制所述喷射阀断开。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的空调器的防结霜控制方法,其特征在于,当所述盘管温度小于所述室外环境温度与第一温度修正值的第一差值并持续第一预设时间段后,所述控制方法还包括:
    将所述盘管温度与所述室外环境温度与第三温度修正值的第三差值进行比较;
    当所述盘管温度小于所述第三差值时,控制所述空调器进入除霜模式,控制所述空调器的四通阀换向,并且控制所述喷射阀闭合,
    其中,所述第三温度修正值大于所述第一温度修正值。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的空调器的防结霜控制方法,其特征在于,当所述空调器进入除霜模式后,
    重新检测所述盘管温度,并获取所述空调器进入除霜模式的累计运行时长;
    当当前的所述盘管温度大于等于第二预设温度时,或者当所述累计运行时长大于等于第五预设时间段时,则控制所述空调器退出除霜模式,控制所述四通阀反向换向,并且控制所述喷射阀断开。
  9. 一种空调器,其特征在于,所述空调器包括:
    压缩机,所述压缩机具有排气口和吸气口;
    室外换热器;
    旁通回路,所述旁通回路配置成从所述排气口延伸到所述吸气口,所述旁通回路的部分结合到所述室外换热器的底部,并且所述旁通回路具有位于所述排气口与所述底部之间的喷射阀,并且
    所述空调器使用根据权利要求1-8任意一项所述的防结霜控制方法控制所述空调器。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的空调器,其特征在于,结合到所述底部的所述旁通回路的部分为发卡管的形式。
PCT/CN2022/097576 2021-06-22 2022-06-08 空调器的防结霜控制方法及空调器 Ceased WO2022267886A1 (zh)

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