WO2022227429A1 - 一种步态轨迹规划方法、装置、可读存储介质及机器人 - Google Patents

一种步态轨迹规划方法、装置、可读存储介质及机器人 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2022227429A1
WO2022227429A1 PCT/CN2021/125403 CN2021125403W WO2022227429A1 WO 2022227429 A1 WO2022227429 A1 WO 2022227429A1 CN 2021125403 W CN2021125403 W CN 2021125403W WO 2022227429 A1 WO2022227429 A1 WO 2022227429A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
moment
planning
matrix
gait trajectory
motion state
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2021/125403
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
白杰
葛利刚
王鸿舸
陈春玉
刘益彰
罗秋月
麻星星
周江琛
熊友军
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ubtech Robotics Corp
Original Assignee
Ubtech Robotics Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ubtech Robotics Corp filed Critical Ubtech Robotics Corp
Publication of WO2022227429A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022227429A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05DSYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D1/00Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
    • G05D1/02Control of position or course in two dimensions
    • G05D1/021Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles
    • G05D1/0212Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles with means for defining a desired trajectory
    • G05D1/0223Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles with means for defining a desired trajectory involving speed control of the vehicle
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05DSYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D1/00Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
    • G05D1/02Control of position or course in two dimensions
    • G05D1/021Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles
    • G05D1/0212Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles with means for defining a desired trajectory
    • G05D1/0214Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles with means for defining a desired trajectory in accordance with safety or protection criteria, e.g. avoiding hazardous areas
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05DSYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D1/00Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
    • G05D1/02Control of position or course in two dimensions
    • G05D1/021Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles
    • G05D1/0212Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles with means for defining a desired trajectory
    • G05D1/0221Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles with means for defining a desired trajectory involving a learning process
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05DSYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D1/00Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
    • G05D1/02Control of position or course in two dimensions
    • G05D1/021Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles
    • G05D1/0276Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles using signals provided by a source external to the vehicle

Definitions

  • the present application belongs to the field of robotics, and in particular, relates to a gait trajectory planning method, device, computer-readable storage medium, and robot.
  • the anthropomorphic feet of humanoid robots not only need to walk stably on flat ground, but also need to be able to walk stably in complex environments such as going up and down steps or slopes, and crossing obstacles.
  • a gait trajectory from the initial point to the end point is usually planned by polynomial fitting for the two points, the initial point and the end point. planning of state trajectories, but the stability is often poor.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a gait trajectory planning method, a device, a computer-readable storage medium, and a robot, so as to solve the problem of poor stability of the existing gait trajectory planning method.
  • a first aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a gait trajectory planning method, which may include:
  • the planning moment includes an initial moment, a termination moment, and several intermediate moments between the initial moment and the termination moment;
  • the parameters of each gait trajectory segment are solved according to the motion state of each planning moment, and the gait trajectory planning of the swing leg from the initial moment to the termination moment is obtained.
  • dividing the gait trajectory of the swinging leg into several gait trajectory segments with parameters to be determined according to each planning moment may include:
  • the gait trajectory of the swinging leg is divided into several gait trajectory segments whose parameters are to be determined as shown in the following formula:
  • t 0 is the initial time
  • t n is the termination time
  • t 1 , t 2 , . . . , t n-1 are each intermediate time between the initial time and the termination time
  • a 0 , a 1 , a 2 , a 3 , b 1 , b 2 , ..., bn-1 are parameters to be determined
  • x(t) is the gait trajectory of the swinging leg.
  • the calculation of parameters of each gait trajectory segment according to the motion state at each planning moment may include:
  • an equation system for solving each undetermined parameter may include:
  • A is the first matrix
  • X is the second matrix
  • B is the third matrix
  • the motion state at each planning moment may include: the position and velocity at the initial moment, the position and velocity at the termination moment, and the position at each intermediate moment;
  • the constructing the first matrix according to each planning moment may include:
  • a 1 , A 2 , A 3 , and A 4 are sub-matrices of the first matrix
  • the construction of the second matrix according to each undetermined parameter may include:
  • X is the second matrix
  • the construction of the third matrix according to the motion state of each planning moment may include:
  • B 1 and B 2 are sub-matrices of the third matrix
  • x 0 is the position at the initial moment
  • v 0 is the velocity at the initial moment
  • x n is the position at the end moment
  • v n is the The speed at the termination time
  • x 1 , x 2 , . . . , x n-1 are the positions of each intermediate time.
  • the determining the motion state of the swinging leg of the robot at each preset planning moment may include:
  • the motion state of the swing leg at the first intermediate time is determined according to the motion state of the swing leg at the initial time.
  • the determining the motion state of the swinging leg of the robot at each preset planning moment may include:
  • the motion state of the swing leg at the last intermediate time is determined according to the motion state of the swing leg at the termination time.
  • a second aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a gait trajectory planning device, which may include:
  • the motion state determination module is used to determine the motion state of the swinging leg of the robot at each preset planning time, and the planning time includes an initial time, a termination time, and several intermediate times between the initial time and the termination time time;
  • a gait trajectory segmentation module configured to divide the gait trajectory of the swinging leg into several gait trajectory segments whose parameters are to be determined according to each planning moment;
  • the parameter solving module is used to solve the parameters of each gait trajectory segment according to the motion state of each planning moment, and obtain the gait trajectory plan of the swinging leg from the initial moment to the termination moment.
  • the gait trajectory segmentation module is specifically configured to divide the gait trajectory of the swinging leg into several gait trajectories with undetermined parameters shown in the following formula according to each planning moment Segment:
  • t 0 is the initial time
  • t n is the termination time
  • t 1 , t 2 , . . . , t n-1 are each intermediate time between the initial time and the termination time
  • a 0 , a 1 , a 2 , a 3 , b 1 , b 2 , ..., bn-1 are parameters to be determined
  • x(t) is the gait trajectory of the swinging leg.
  • the parameter solving module may include:
  • a first matrix construction unit for constructing a first matrix according to each planning moment
  • the second matrix construction unit is used for constructing the second matrix according to each undetermined parameter
  • the third matrix construction unit is used to construct the third matrix according to the motion state of each planning moment
  • an equation group construction unit configured to construct an equation group for solving each undetermined parameter according to the first matrix, the second matrix and the third matrix
  • a parameter solving unit configured to solve the parameters of each gait trajectory segment according to the equation system.
  • the equation group construction unit is specifically configured to construct an equation group shown in the following formula:
  • A is the first matrix
  • X is the second matrix
  • B is the third matrix
  • the motion state of each planning moment includes: the position and velocity of the initial moment, the position and velocity of the termination moment, and the position of each intermediate moment;
  • the first matrix construction unit is specifically used to construct the first matrix shown in the following formula:
  • a 1 , A 3 , A 3 , and A 4 are sub-matrixes of the first matrix
  • the second matrix construction unit is specifically used to construct the second matrix shown in the following formula:
  • the third matrix construction unit is specifically used to construct the third matrix shown in the following formula:
  • B 1 and B 2 are sub-matrices of the third matrix
  • x 0 is the position at the initial moment
  • v 0 is the velocity at the initial moment
  • x n is the position at the end moment
  • v n is the The speed at the termination time
  • x 1 , x 2 , . . . , x n-1 are the positions of each intermediate time.
  • the motion state determination module may include:
  • the back-swing planning processing unit is configured to determine the motion state of the swing leg at the first intermediate moment according to the motion state of the swing leg at the initial moment.
  • the motion state determination module may include:
  • the forward swing planning processing unit is configured to determine the motion state of the swing leg at the last intermediate moment according to the motion state of the swing leg at the termination moment.
  • a third aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, where the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, implements any of the above-mentioned gait trajectory planning methods step.
  • a fourth aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a robot, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, and the processor implements the computer program when the processor executes the computer program.
  • the steps of any of the above gait trajectory planning methods are provided.
  • a fifth aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a computer program product, which, when the computer program product runs on a robot, causes the robot to execute the steps of any of the above gait trajectory planning methods.
  • the embodiment of the present application has the beneficial effect that the embodiment of the present application determines the motion state of the swinging leg of the robot at each preset planning time, and the planning time includes an initial time, a termination time, and a A number of intermediate moments between the initial moment and the termination moment; according to each planning moment, the gait trajectory of the swinging leg is divided into a number of gait trajectory segments whose parameters are to be determined; according to the motion state of each planning moment, each The parameters of the gait trajectory segment are obtained to obtain the gait trajectory planning of the swing leg from the initial moment to the termination moment.
  • the gait trajectory of the swinging leg is divided into several gait trajectory segments, and each gait trajectory is analyzed.
  • the segmented parameters are solved to obtain a complete gait trajectory planning, which greatly improves the stability of the robot.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of an embodiment of a gait trajectory planning method in an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of using back-swing planning and forward-swing planning in gait trajectory planning
  • Fig. 3 is the scene schematic diagram of the robot walking fast
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a scene where a robot goes up stairs/slopes or steps up an obstacle
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a scene where the robot goes down stairs/slopes or steps down an obstacle
  • FIG. 6 is a structural diagram of an embodiment of a gait trajectory planning device in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic block diagram of a robot in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the term “if” may be contextually interpreted as “when” or “once” or “in response to determining” or “in response to detecting” .
  • the phrases “if it is determined” or “if the [described condition or event] is detected” may be interpreted, depending on the context, to mean “once it is determined” or “in response to the determination” or “once the [described condition or event] is detected. ]” or “in response to detection of the [described condition or event]”.
  • a gait trajectory from the initial point to the end point can be planned by polynomial fitting for the two points, the initial point and the end point.
  • this gait trajectory planning is referred to as conventional trajectory planning here. If the initial moment is denoted as t 0 , the position and velocity at the initial moment are denoted as x 0 and v 0 respectively, the end moment is denoted as t n , and the position and velocity at the end moment are denoted as x n and v n , respectively, then
  • the gait trajectory can be planned as follows:
  • g' is a function about x 0 , v 0 , t 0 , x n , v n , t n , t, a 0 , a 1 , a 2 , a 3 are parameters to be determined, and x(t) is The gait trajectory of the swinging leg.
  • each undetermined parameter can be determined, so as to obtain the gait trajectory planning of the swing leg from the initial moment to the end moment.
  • any method for solving equations in the prior art may be adopted according to the actual situation, including but not limited to solving methods such as SVD decomposition and QR decomposition.
  • an embodiment of a gait trajectory planning method in the embodiment of the present application may include:
  • Step S101 determining the motion state of the swinging leg of the robot at each preset planning moment.
  • the planning moment may include an initial moment, a termination moment, and several intermediate moments between the initial moment and the termination moment.
  • each planning time is recorded as: t 0 , t 1 , t 2 , ..., t n-1 , t n in chronological order, then t 1 between the initial time t 0 and the termination time t n , t 2 ,...,t n-1 is the intermediate moment.
  • the motion state at each planning moment may include: the position and speed at the initial moment, the position and speed at the end moment, and the position at each intermediate moment.
  • each intermediate time t 1 , t 2 ,..., t n-1 are sequentially recorded as: x 1 , x 2 ,..., x n-1 , and the positions of these intermediate times can be determined according to the actual situation of the robot motion. set up.
  • Step S102 Divide the gait trajectory of the swinging leg into several gait trajectory segments whose parameters are to be determined according to each planning time.
  • the gait trajectory of the swinging leg can be expressed as:
  • x(t) g(x 0 ,v 0 ,t 0 ,x n ,v n ,t n ,x 1 ,t 1 ,x 2 ,t 2 ,...,x n-1 ,t n-1 ,t )
  • g is a function of x 0 ,v 0 ,t 0 ,x n ,v n ,t n ,x 1 ,t 1 ,x 2 ,t 2 ,...,x n-1 ,t n-1 ,t .
  • the gait trajectory of the swinging leg can be divided into gait trajectory segments as shown in the following formula:
  • a 0 , a 1 , a 2 , a 3 , b 1 , b 2 , ..., bn-1 are parameters to be determined.
  • Step S103 solving the parameters of each gait trajectory segment according to the motion state of each planning moment, and obtaining the gait trajectory planning of the swing leg from the initial moment to the termination moment.
  • the first matrix shown in the following formula can be constructed according to each planning moment:
  • A is the first matrix
  • a 1 , A 2 , A 3 , and A 4 are sub-matrices of the first matrix
  • a 1 is a matrix with 4 rows and 4 columns
  • a 2 is a matrix with 4 rows and n-1 columns
  • a 3 is a matrix with n-1 rows and 4 columns
  • a 4 is a lower triangular matrix with n-1 rows and n-1 columns whose diagonal elements are 0.
  • a second matrix is constructed according to each undetermined parameter as shown in the following formula:
  • the third matrix shown in the following formula is constructed according to the motion state of each planning moment:
  • B is the third matrix
  • B 1 and B 2 are sub-matrices of the third matrix
  • each undetermined parameter can be determined, so as to obtain the gait trajectory planning of the swing leg from the initial moment to the end moment.
  • any method for solving equations in the prior art may be adopted according to the actual situation, including but not limited to solving methods such as SVD decomposition and QR decomposition.
  • the gait trajectory of the swinging leg is divided into several gait trajectory segments, and each gait trajectory is analyzed.
  • the segmented parameters are solved to obtain a complete gait trajectory planning, which greatly improves the stability of the robot.
  • the position at the beginning is the same as the position at the end, and if the robot wants to move forward, it has positive speed and acceleration at t ⁇ tn -1 , then at In this time period of t 0 ⁇ t ⁇ t 1 , x(t)>x n is satisfied, and the gait trajectory planning in this time period is called forward swing planning in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the forward swing planning can effectively reduce the risk of the robot colliding with stairs or obstacles backwards.
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of using backswing planning and forward swinging planning simultaneously in gait trajectory planning.
  • the entire gait trajectory is divided into three regions I, II and III according to time, wherein, region I is t 0 ⁇ t ⁇ t 1 , and the backswing planning is used in this region; region II is t 1 ⁇ t ⁇ t n-1 , the normal improved trajectory planning is in this region.
  • Region III is t n-1 ⁇ t ⁇ t n , in which forward swing planning is used.
  • the gait trajectory planning of the robot in the forward direction (ie the x direction) is used as an example for description, and the gait trajectory planning of the robot in the longitudinal direction (ie the z direction) is similar.
  • the processing may be performed with reference to the x direction, which will not be repeated here.
  • Figure 3 shows the scene of the robot walking quickly.
  • the forward swing planning and the backward swing planning can be further used to reduce the friction force of the support legs and reduce the steering slip of the robot, thereby increasing the The stability of the robot.
  • Figure 4 shows the scenario where the robot goes up stairs/slopes or steps on obstacles.
  • back-swing planning can be further adopted based on improved trajectory planning to reduce the risk of the robot colliding with stairs or obstacles forward.
  • Figure 5 shows a scenario where the robot goes down stairs/slopes or steps down an obstacle.
  • forward swing planning can be further adopted on the basis of improved trajectory planning to reduce the risk of the robot colliding with stairs or obstacles backwards.
  • FIG. 6 shows a structural diagram of an embodiment of a gait trajectory planning apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • a gait trajectory planning device may include:
  • the motion state determination module 601 is used to determine the motion state of the swinging leg of the robot at each preset planning time, and the planning time includes an initial time, a termination time, and several times between the initial time and the termination time the middle moment;
  • the gait trajectory segmentation module 602 is used to divide the gait trajectory of the swinging leg into several gait trajectory segments whose parameters are to be determined according to each planning moment;
  • the parameter solving module 603 is configured to solve the parameters of each gait trajectory segment according to the motion state of each planning moment, and obtain the gait trajectory plan of the swing leg from the initial moment to the termination moment.
  • the gait trajectory segmentation module is specifically configured to divide the gait trajectory of the swinging leg into several gaits with undetermined parameters as shown in the following formula according to each planning moment Track Segmentation:
  • t 0 is the initial time
  • t n is the termination time
  • t 1 , t 2 , . . . , t n-1 are each intermediate time between the initial time and the termination time
  • a 0 , a 1 , a 2 , a 3 , b 1 , b 2 , ..., bn-1 are parameters to be determined
  • x(t) is the gait trajectory of the swinging leg.
  • the parameter solving module may include:
  • a first matrix construction unit for constructing a first matrix according to each planning moment
  • the second matrix construction unit is used for constructing the second matrix according to each undetermined parameter
  • the third matrix construction unit is used to construct the third matrix according to the motion state of each planning moment
  • an equation group construction unit configured to construct an equation group for solving each undetermined parameter according to the first matrix, the second matrix and the third matrix
  • a parameter solving unit configured to solve the parameters of each gait trajectory segment according to the equation system.
  • the equation group construction unit is specifically configured to construct an equation group shown in the following formula:
  • A is the first matrix
  • X is the second matrix
  • B is the third matrix
  • the motion state of each planning moment includes: the position and speed of the initial moment, the position and speed of the termination moment, and the position of each intermediate moment;
  • the first matrix construction unit is specifically used to construct the first matrix shown in the following formula:
  • a 1 , A 2 , A 3 , and A 4 are sub-matrices of the first matrix
  • the second matrix construction unit is specifically used to construct the second matrix shown in the following formula:
  • the third matrix construction unit is specifically used to construct the third matrix shown in the following formula:
  • B 1 and B 2 are sub-matrices of the third matrix
  • x 0 is the position at the initial moment
  • v 0 is the velocity at the initial moment
  • x n is the position at the end moment
  • v n is the The speed at the termination time
  • x 1 , x 2 , . . . , x n-1 are the positions of each intermediate time.
  • the motion state determination module may include:
  • the back-swing planning processing unit is configured to determine the motion state of the swing leg at the first intermediate moment according to the motion state of the swing leg at the initial moment.
  • the motion state determination module may include:
  • the forward swing planning processing unit is configured to determine the motion state of the swing leg at the last intermediate moment according to the motion state of the swing leg at the termination moment.
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic block diagram of a robot provided by an embodiment of the present application. For convenience of description, only parts related to the embodiment of the present application are shown.
  • the robot 7 of this embodiment includes a processor 70 , a memory 71 , and a computer program 72 stored in the memory 71 and executable on the processor 70 .
  • the processor 70 executes the computer program 72
  • the steps in each of the above embodiments of the gait trajectory planning method are implemented, for example, steps S101 to S103 shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the processor 70 executes the computer program 72
  • the functions of the modules/units in each of the foregoing apparatus embodiments, such as the functions of the modules 601 to 603 shown in FIG. 6, are implemented.
  • the computer program 72 may be divided into one or more modules/units, and the one or more modules/units are stored in the memory 71 and executed by the processor 70 to complete the this application.
  • the one or more modules/units may be a series of computer program instruction segments capable of performing specific functions, and the instruction segments are used to describe the execution process of the computer program 72 in the robot 7 .
  • FIG. 7 is only an example of the robot 7, and does not constitute a limitation to the robot 7. It may include more or less components than the one shown, or combine some components, or different components, such as
  • the robot 7 may also include input and output devices, network access devices, buses, and the like.
  • the processor 70 may be a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (Digital Signal Processor, DSP), application specific integrated circuit (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc.
  • a general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like.
  • the memory 71 may be an internal storage unit of the robot 7 , such as a hard disk or a memory of the robot 7 .
  • the memory 71 can also be an external storage device of the robot 7, such as a plug-in hard disk equipped on the robot 7, a smart memory card (Smart Media Card, SMC), a secure digital (Secure Digital, SD) card, Flash card (Flash Card) and so on.
  • the memory 71 may also include both an internal storage unit of the robot 7 and an external storage device.
  • the memory 71 is used to store the computer program and other programs and data required by the robot 7 .
  • the memory 71 may also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or will be output.
  • the disclosed apparatus/robot and method may be implemented in other ways.
  • the device/robot embodiments described above are only illustrative.
  • the division of the modules or units is only a logical function division.
  • the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, and may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution in this embodiment.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically alone, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the above-mentioned integrated units may be implemented in the form of hardware, or may be implemented in the form of software functional units.
  • the integrated modules/units if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the present application can implement all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments, and can also be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program.
  • the computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the computer When the program is executed by the processor, the steps of the foregoing method embodiments can be implemented.
  • the computer program includes computer program code, and the computer program code may be in the form of source code, object code, executable file or some intermediate form, and the like.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, a recording medium, a U disk, a removable hard disk, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a computer memory, a read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory) ), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), electrical carrier signals, telecommunication signals, and software distribution media, etc. It should be noted that the content contained in the computer-readable storage medium may be appropriately increased or decreased according to the requirements of legislation and patent practice in the jurisdiction, for example, in some jurisdictions, according to legislation and patent practice, computer-readable Storage media exclude electrical carrier signals and telecommunications signals.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Manipulator (AREA)

Abstract

一种步态轨迹规划方法、装置、计算机可读存储介质及机器人,方法包括:确定机器人的摆动腿在预设的各个规划时刻的运动状态(S101),规划时刻包括初始时刻、终止时刻以及处于初始时刻与终止时刻之间的若干个中间时刻;根据各个规划时刻将摆动腿的步态轨迹划分为若干个参数待定的步态轨迹分段(S102);根据各个规划时刻的运动状态求解各个步态轨迹分段的参数,得到摆动腿从初始时刻至终止时刻的步态轨迹规划(S103)。该方法综合考虑机器人的摆动腿在初始时刻、终止时刻以及若干个中间时刻的运动状态,通过分段规划来得到步态轨迹,极大提高了机器人的稳定性。

Description

一种步态轨迹规划方法、装置、可读存储介质及机器人
本申请要求于2021年04月30日在中国专利局提交的、申请号为202110479959.8的中国专利申请的优先权,其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请属于机器人技术领域,尤其涉及一种步态轨迹规划方法、装置、计算机可读存储介质及机器人。
背景技术
仿人机器人的拟人化双足不仅需要在平地稳定行走,还需要能够在上下台阶或斜坡,跨越障碍等复杂的环境中稳定行走。在现有的步态轨迹规划中,通常是针对初始点和终止点这两个点,采用多项式拟合的方式规划出一条从初始点到终止点的步态轨迹,这种方式虽然可以实现步态轨迹的规划,但稳定性往往较差。
技术问题
有鉴于此,本申请实施例提供了一种步态轨迹规划方法、装置、计算机可读存储介质及机器人,以解决现有的步态轨迹规划方法稳定性较差的问题。
技术解决方案
本申请实施例的第一方面提供了一种步态轨迹规划方法,可以包括:
确定机器人的摆动腿在预设的各个规划时刻的运动状态,所述规划时刻包括初始时刻、终止时刻以及处于所述初始时刻与所述终止时刻之间的若干个中间时刻;
根据各个规划时刻将所述摆动腿的步态轨迹划分为若干个参数待定的步态轨迹分段;
根据各个规划时刻的运动状态求解各个步态轨迹分段的参数,得到所述摆动腿从所述初始时刻至所述终止时刻的步态轨迹规划。
在第一方面的一种具体实现中,所述根据各个规划时刻将所述摆动腿的步态轨迹划分为若干个参数待定的步态轨迹分段,可以包括:
根据各个规划时刻将所述摆动腿的步态轨迹划分为如下式所示的若干个参数待定的步态轨迹分段:
x(t)=x 0,t≤t 0
x(t)=a 0+a 1t+a 2t 2+a 3t 3,t 0<t≤t 1
x(t)=a 0+a 1t+a 2t 2+a 3t 3+b 1(t-t 1) 3,t 1<t≤t 2
……
Figure PCTCN2021125403-appb-000001
x(t)=x n,t>t n
其中,t 0为所述初始时刻,t n为所述终止时刻,t 1、t 2、…、t n-1为处于所述初始时刻与所述终止时刻之间的各个中间时刻,a 0、a 1、a 2、a 3、b 1、b 2、…、b n-1为待定的参数,x(t)为所述摆动腿的步态轨迹。
在第一方面的一种具体实现中,所述根据各个规划时刻的运动状态求解各个步态轨迹分段的参数,可以包括:
根据各个规划时刻构建第一矩阵;
根据各个待定的参数构建第二矩阵;
根据各个规划时刻的运动状态构建第三矩阵;
根据所述第一矩阵、所述第二矩阵和所述第三矩阵构建对各个待定的参数进行求解的方程组;
根据所述方程组求解各个步态轨迹分段的参数。
在第一方面的一种具体实现中,所述根据所述第一矩阵、所述第二矩阵和所述第三矩阵构建对各个待定的参数进行求解的方程组,可以包括:
构建如下式所示的方程组:
AX=B
其中,A为所述第一矩阵,X为所述第二矩阵,B为所述第三矩阵。
在第一方面的一种具体实现中,所述各个规划时刻的运动状态可以包括:所述初始时刻的位置和速度、所述终止时刻的位置和速度以及各个中间时刻的位置;
所述根据各个规划时刻构建第一矩阵,可以包括:
构建如下式所示的第一矩阵:
Figure PCTCN2021125403-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2021125403-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2021125403-appb-000004
Figure PCTCN2021125403-appb-000005
Figure PCTCN2021125403-appb-000006
其中,A 1、A 2、A 3、A 4为所述第一矩阵的子矩阵;
所述根据各个待定的参数构建第二矩阵,可以包括:
构建如下式所示的第二矩阵:
X=[a 0,a 1,a 2,a 3,b 1,b 2,…,b n-1] T
其中,X为所述第二矩阵;
所述根据各个规划时刻的运动状态构建第三矩阵,可以包括:
构建如下式所示的第三矩阵:
Figure PCTCN2021125403-appb-000007
Figure PCTCN2021125403-appb-000008
Figure PCTCN2021125403-appb-000009
其中,B 1、B 2为所述第三矩阵的子矩阵,x 0为所述初始时刻的位置,v 0为所述初始时 刻的速度,x n为所述终止时刻的位置,v n为所述终止时刻的速度,x 1、x 2、…、x n-1为各个中间时刻的位置。
在第一方面的一种具体实现中,所述确定机器人的摆动腿在预设的各个规划时刻的运动状态,可以包括:
根据所述摆动腿在所述初始时刻的运动状态确定所述摆动腿在第一个中间时刻的运动状态。
在第一方面的一种具体实现中,所述确定机器人的摆动腿在预设的各个规划时刻的运动状态,可以包括:
根据所述摆动腿在所述终止时刻的运动状态确定所述摆动腿在最后一个中间时刻的运动状态。
本申请实施例的第二方面提供了一种步态轨迹规划装置,可以包括:
运动状态确定模块,用于确定机器人的摆动腿在预设的各个规划时刻的运动状态,所述规划时刻包括初始时刻、终止时刻以及处于所述初始时刻与所述终止时刻之间的若干个中间时刻;
步态轨迹分段模块,用于根据各个规划时刻将所述摆动腿的步态轨迹划分为若干个参数待定的步态轨迹分段;
参数求解模块,用于根据各个规划时刻的运动状态求解各个步态轨迹分段的参数,得到所述摆动腿从所述初始时刻至所述终止时刻的步态轨迹规划。
在第二方面的一种具体实现中,所述步态轨迹分段模块具体用于根据各个规划时刻将所述摆动腿的步态轨迹划分为如下式所示的若干个参数待定的步态轨迹分段:
x(t)=x 0,t≤t 0
x(t)=a 0+a 1t+a 2t 2+a 3t 3,t 0<t≤t 1
x(t)=a 0+a 1t+a 2t 2+a 3t 3+b 1(t-t 1) 3,t 1<t≤t 2
……
Figure PCTCN2021125403-appb-000010
x(t)=x n,t>t n
其中,t 0为所述初始时刻,t n为所述终止时刻,t 1、t 2、…、t n-1为处于所述初始时刻与所述终止时刻之间的各个中间时刻,a 0、a 1、a 2、a 3、b 1、b 2、…、b n-1为待定的参数,x(t)为所述摆动腿的步态轨迹。
在第二方面的一种具体实现中,所述参数求解模块可以包括:
第一矩阵构建单元,用于根据各个规划时刻构建第一矩阵;
第二矩阵构建单元,用于根据各个待定的参数构建第二矩阵;
第三矩阵构建单元,用于根据各个规划时刻的运动状态构建第三矩阵;
方程组构建单元,用于根据所述第一矩阵、所述第二矩阵和所述第三矩阵构建对各个待定的参数进行求解的方程组;
参数求解单元,用于根据所述方程组求解各个步态轨迹分段的参数。
在第二方面的一种具体实现中,所述方程组构建单元具体用于构建如下式所示的方程组:
AX=B
其中,A为所述第一矩阵,X为所述第二矩阵,B为所述第三矩阵。
在第二方面的一种具体实现中,所述各个规划时刻的运动状态包括:所述初始时刻的位置和速度、所述终止时刻的位置和速度以及各个中间时刻的位置;
所述第一矩阵构建单元具体用于构建如下式所示的第一矩阵:
Figure PCTCN2021125403-appb-000011
Figure PCTCN2021125403-appb-000012
Figure PCTCN2021125403-appb-000013
Figure PCTCN2021125403-appb-000014
Figure PCTCN2021125403-appb-000015
其中,A 1、A 3、A 3、A 4为所述第一矩阵的子矩阵;
所述第二矩阵构建单元具体用于构建如下式所示的第二矩阵:
X=[a 0,a 1,a 2,a 3,b 1,b 2,…,b n-1] T
所述第三矩阵构建单元具体用于构建如下式所示的第三矩阵:
Figure PCTCN2021125403-appb-000016
Figure PCTCN2021125403-appb-000017
Figure PCTCN2021125403-appb-000018
其中,B 1、B 2为所述第三矩阵的子矩阵,x 0为所述初始时刻的位置,v 0为所述初始时刻的速度,x n为所述终止时刻的位置,v n为所述终止时刻的速度,x 1、x 2、…、x n-1为各个中间时刻的位置。
在第二方面的一种具体实现中,所述运动状态确定模块可以包括:
后摆规划处理单元,用于根据所述摆动腿在所述初始时刻的运动状态确定所述摆动腿在第一个中间时刻的运动状态。
在第二方面的一种具体实现中,所述运动状态确定模块可以包括:
前摆规划处理单元,用于根据所述摆动腿在所述终止时刻的运动状态确定所述摆动腿在最后一个中间时刻的运动状态。
本申请实施例的第三方面提供了一种计算机可读存储介质,所述计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机程序,所述计算机程序被处理器执行时实现上述任一种步态轨迹规划方法的步骤。
本申请实施例的第四方面提供了一种机器人,包括存储器、处理器以及存储在所述存储器中并可在所述处理器上运行的计算机程序,所述处理器执行所述计算机程序时实现上述任一种步态轨迹规划方法的步骤。
本申请实施例的第五方面提供了一种计算机程序产品,当计算机程序产品在机器人上运行时,使得机器人执行上述任一种步态轨迹规划方法的步骤。
有益效果
本申请实施例与现有技术相比存在的有益效果是:本申请实施例确定机器人的摆动腿在预设的各个规划时刻的运动状态,所述规划时刻包括初始时刻、终止时刻以及处于所述初始时刻与所述终止时刻之间的若干个中间时刻;根据各个规划时刻将所述摆动腿的步态轨迹划分为若干个参数待定的步态轨迹分段;根据各个规划时刻的运动状态求解各个步态轨迹分段的参数,得到所述摆动腿从所述初始时刻至所述终止时刻的步态轨迹规划。通过本申请实施例,综合考虑机器人的摆动腿在初始时刻、终止时刻以及若干个中间时刻的运动状态,将摆动腿的步态轨迹划分为若干个步态轨迹分段,并对各个步态轨迹分段的参数进行求解,得到完整的步态轨迹规划,极大提高了机器人的稳定性。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图。
图1为本申请实施例中一种步态轨迹规划方法的一个实施例流程图;
图2为在步态轨迹规划中使用后摆规划和前摆规划的示意图;
图3为机器人快速行走的场景示意图;
图4为机器人上楼梯/斜坡或迈上障碍物的场景示意图;
图5为机器人下楼梯/斜坡或迈下障碍物的场景示意图;
图6为本申请实施例中一种步态轨迹规划装置的一个实施例结构图;
图7为本申请实施例中一种机器人的示意框图。
本发明的实施方式
为使得本申请的发明目的、特征、优点能够更加的明显和易懂,下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图,对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,下面所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例,而非全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例,都属于本申请保护的范围。
应当理解,当在本说明书和所附权利要求书中使用时,术语“包括”指示所描述特征、整体、步骤、操作、元素和/或组件的存在,但并不排除一个或多个其它特征、整体、步骤、操作、元素、组件和/或其集合的存在或添加。
还应当理解,在此本申请说明书中所使用的术语仅仅是出于描述特定实施例的目的而并不意在限制本申请。如在本申请说明书和所附权利要求书中所使用的那样,除非上下文清楚地指明其它情况,否则单数形式的“一”、“一个”及“该”意在包括复数形式。
还应当进一步理解,在本申请说明书和所附权利要求书中使用的术语“和/或”是指相关联列出的项中的一个或多个的任何组合以及所有可能组合,并且包括这些组合。
如在本说明书和所附权利要求书中所使用的那样,术语“如果”可以依据上下文被解释为“当...时”或“一旦”或“响应于确定”或“响应于检测到”。类似地,短语“如果确定”或“如果检测到[所描述条件或事件]”可以依据上下文被解释为意指“一旦确定”或“响应于确定”或“一旦检测到[所描述条件或事件]”或“响应于检测到[所描述条件或事件]”。
另外,在本申请的描述中,术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”等仅用于区分描述,而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
对于机器人的摆动腿而言,在进行一般的步态轨迹规划时,可以针对初始点和终止点 这两个点,采用多项式拟合的方式规划出一条从初始点到终止点的步态轨迹。为了便于区分,此处将这种步态轨迹规划称为常规轨迹规划。若将初始时刻记为t 0,将初始时刻的位置和速度分别记为x 0和v 0,将终止时刻记为t n,将终止时刻的位置和速度分别记为x n和v n,则可以规划出如下式所示的步态轨迹:
x(t)=g’(x 0,v 0,t 0,x n,v n,t n,t)=a 0+a 1t+a 2t 2+a 3t 3
其中,g’为关于x 0,v 0,t 0,x n,v n,t n,t的函数,a 0、a 1、a 2、a 3为待定的参数,x(t)即为摆动腿的步态轨迹。
构建如下式所示的对各个待定的参数进行求解的方程组:
CY=D
Y=[a 0,a 1,a 2,a 3] T
Figure PCTCN2021125403-appb-000019
Figure PCTCN2021125403-appb-000020
通过求解该方程组,即可确定其中各个待定的参数,从而得到摆动腿从初始时刻至终止时刻的步态轨迹规划。在本申请实施例中,可以根据实际情况采用现有技术中的任意一种方程组求解方法,包括但不限于SVD分解、QR分解等求解方法。
在本申请实施例的一种具体实现中,除了考虑初始点和终止点之后,还可以将两者之间的若干个中间点也加以考虑分析,从而提高机器人的稳定性。为了便于区分,此处将这种步态轨迹规划称为改进轨迹规划。请参阅图1,本申请实施例中一种步态轨迹规划方法的一个实施例可以包括:
步骤S101、确定机器人的摆动腿在预设的各个规划时刻的运动状态。
其中,规划时刻可以包括初始时刻、终止时刻以及处于初始时刻与终止时刻之间的若干个中间时刻。此处将各个规划时刻按照时间先后顺序依次记为:t 0,t 1,t 2,…,t n-1,t n,则其中处于初始时刻t 0与终止时刻t n之间的t 1,t 2,…,t n-1即为中间时刻。各个规划时刻的运动状态可以包括:初始时刻的位置和速度、终止时刻的位置和速度以及各个中间时刻的位置。此处将各个中间时刻t 1,t 2,…,t n-1的位置依次记为:x 1,x 2,…,x n-1,这些中间时刻的位置可以根据机器人运动的实际情况进行设置。
步骤S102、根据各个规划时刻将摆动腿的步态轨迹划分为若干个参数待定的步态轨迹分段。
此时,摆动腿的步态轨迹可表示为:
x(t)=g(x 0,v 0,t 0,x n,v n,t n,x 1,t 1,x 2,t 2,…,x n-1,t n-1,t)
其中,g为关于x 0,v 0,t 0,x n,v n,t n,x 1,t 1,x 2,t 2,…,x n-1,t n-1,t的函数。
根据各个规划时刻,可以将摆动腿的步态轨迹划分为如下式所示的步态轨迹分段:
x(t)=x 0,t≤t 0
x(t)=a 0+a 1t+a 2t 2+a 3t 3,t 0<t≤t 1
x(t)=a 0+a 1t+a 2t 2+a 3t 3+b 1(t-t 1) 3,t 1<t≤t 2
……
Figure PCTCN2021125403-appb-000021
x(t)=x n,t>t n
其中,a 0、a 1、a 2、a 3、b 1、b 2、…、b n-1为待定的参数。
通过以上的对步态轨迹的分段规划,在整个轨迹规划过程中能够保持位置、速度和加速度的连续,避免力矩抖动的影响,提高机器人的稳定性。
步骤S103、根据各个规划时刻的运动状态求解各个步态轨迹分段的参数,得到摆动腿从初始时刻至终止时刻的步态轨迹规划。
具体地,可以根据各个规划时刻构建如下式所示的第一矩阵:
Figure PCTCN2021125403-appb-000022
Figure PCTCN2021125403-appb-000023
Figure PCTCN2021125403-appb-000024
Figure PCTCN2021125403-appb-000025
Figure PCTCN2021125403-appb-000026
其中,A为第一矩阵,A 1、A 2、A 3、A 4为第一矩阵的子矩阵,A 1为4行4列的矩阵,A 2为4行n-1列的矩阵,A 3为n-1行4列的矩阵,A 4为n-1行n-1列的对角元素为0的下三角矩阵。
根据各个待定的参数构建如下式所示的第二矩阵:
X=[a 0,a 1,a 2,a 3,b 1,b 2,…,b n-1] T
其中,X为第二矩阵。
根据各个规划时刻的运动状态构建如下式所示的第三矩阵:
Figure PCTCN2021125403-appb-000027
Figure PCTCN2021125403-appb-000028
Figure PCTCN2021125403-appb-000029
其中,B为第三矩阵,B 1、B 2为第三矩阵的子矩阵。
根据第一矩阵、第二矩阵和第三矩阵构建如下式所示的对各个待定的参数进行求解的方程组:
AX=B
通过求解该方程组,即可确定其中各个待定的参数,从而得到摆动腿从初始时刻至终止时刻的步态轨迹规划。在本申请实施例中,可以根据实际情况采用现有技术中的任意一种方程组求解方法,包括但不限于SVD分解、QR分解等求解方法。
通过本申请实施例,综合考虑机器人的摆动腿在初始时刻、终止时刻以及若干个中间时刻的运动状态,将摆动腿的步态轨迹划分为若干个步态轨迹分段,并对各个步态轨迹分段的参数进行求解,得到完整的步态轨迹规划,极大提高了机器人的稳定性。
在本申请实施例的一种具体实现中,可以根据摆动腿在初始时刻的运动状态确定摆动腿在第一个中间时刻的运动状态,即令:x 1=x 0,则在t 0<t≤t 1的这一时间段内,开始时的位置与结束时的位置一致,而机器人若要向前运动,在t>t 1时则有正向的速度和加速度,那么在t 0<t≤t 1的这一时间段内满足x(t)<x 0,本申请实施例将这一时间段的步态轨迹规划称之为后摆规划。通过后摆规划,可以有效减小机器人前向与楼梯或障碍物碰撞的风险。
在本申请实施例的一种具体实现中,可以根据摆动腿在终止时刻的运动状态确定摆动腿在最后一个中间时刻的运动状态,即令:x n-1=x n,则在t n-1<t≤t n的这一时间段内,开始时的位置与结束时的位置一致,而机器人若要向前运动,在t<t n-1时则有正向的速度和加速度,那么在t 0<t≤t 1的这一时间段内满足x(t)>x n,本申请实施例将这一时间段的步态轨迹规划称之为前摆规划。通过前摆规划,可以有效减小机器人后向与楼梯或障碍物碰撞的风险。
图2所示即为同时在步态轨迹规划中使用后摆规划和前摆规划的示意图。如图所示,整个步态轨迹按照时间划分为I、II和III三个区域,其中,区域I为t 0<t≤t 1,该区域中使用后摆规划;区域II为t 1<t≤t n-1,该区域中为正常的改进轨迹规划。区域III为t n-1<t≤t n,该区域中使用前摆规划。
需要注意的是,以上内容中,均是以机器人在前进方向(即x方向)上的步态轨迹规划为例进行说明,机器人在纵向(即z方向)上的步态轨迹规划与之类似,可参照x方向进行处理,此处不再赘述。
在具体应用中,可以根据实际的应用场景对常规轨迹规划、改进轨迹规划、前摆规划及后摆规划灵活地进行使用。
图3所示为机器人快速行走的场景,对于该场景,可以在改进轨迹规划的基础上进一步采用前摆规划和后摆规划来减小支撑腿摩擦力,以及减小机器人转向滑移,从而增加机器人的稳定性。
图4所示为机器人上楼梯/斜坡或迈上障碍物的场景,对于该场景,可以在改进轨迹规划的基础上进一步采用后摆规划来减小机器人前向与楼梯或障碍物碰撞的风险。
图5所示为机器人下楼梯/斜坡或迈下障碍物的场景,对于该场景,可以在改进轨迹规划的基础上进一步采用前摆规划来减小机器人后向与楼梯或障碍物碰撞的风险。
容易理解地,以上各场景均为示例,对于其它场景,可以根据实际情况灵活地进行步态轨迹规划,本申请实施例不再赘述。
应理解,上述实施例中各步骤的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后,各过程的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定,而不应对本申请实施例的实施过程构成任何限定。
对应于上文实施例所述的一种步态轨迹规划方法,图6示出了本申请实施例提供的一种步态轨迹规划装置的一个实施例结构图。
本实施例中,一种步态轨迹规划装置可以包括:
运动状态确定模块601,用于确定机器人的摆动腿在预设的各个规划时刻的运动状态,所述规划时刻包括初始时刻、终止时刻以及处于所述初始时刻与所述终止时刻之间的若干个中间时刻;
步态轨迹分段模块602,用于根据各个规划时刻将所述摆动腿的步态轨迹划分为若干个参数待定的步态轨迹分段;
参数求解模块603,用于根据各个规划时刻的运动状态求解各个步态轨迹分段的参数,得到所述摆动腿从所述初始时刻至所述终止时刻的步态轨迹规划。
在本申请实施例的一种具体实现中,所述步态轨迹分段模块具体用于根据各个规划时刻将所述摆动腿的步态轨迹划分为如下式所示的若干个参数待定的步态轨迹分段:
x(t)=x 0,t≤t 0
x(t)=a 0+a 1t+a 2t 2+a 3t 3,t 0<t≤t 1
x(t)=a 0+a 1t+a 2t 2+a 3t 3+b 1(t-t 1) 3,t 1<t≤t 3
……
Figure PCTCN2021125403-appb-000030
x(t)=x n,t>t n
其中,t 0为所述初始时刻,t n为所述终止时刻,t 1、t 2、…、t n-1为处于所述初始时刻与所述终止时刻之间的各个中间时刻,a 0、a 1、a 2、a 3、b 1、b 2、…、b n-1为待定的参数,x(t)为所述摆动腿的步态轨迹。
在本申请实施例的一种具体实现中,所述参数求解模块可以包括:
第一矩阵构建单元,用于根据各个规划时刻构建第一矩阵;
第二矩阵构建单元,用于根据各个待定的参数构建第二矩阵;
第三矩阵构建单元,用于根据各个规划时刻的运动状态构建第三矩阵;
方程组构建单元,用于根据所述第一矩阵、所述第二矩阵和所述第三矩阵构建对各个待定的参数进行求解的方程组;
参数求解单元,用于根据所述方程组求解各个步态轨迹分段的参数。
在本申请实施例的一种具体实现中,所述方程组构建单元具体用于构建如下式所示的方程组:
AX=B
其中,A为所述第一矩阵,X为所述第二矩阵,B为所述第三矩阵。
在本申请实施例的一种具体实现中,所述各个规划时刻的运动状态包括:所述初始时刻的位置和速度、所述终止时刻的位置和速度以及各个中间时刻的位置;
所述第一矩阵构建单元具体用于构建如下式所示的第一矩阵:
Figure PCTCN2021125403-appb-000031
Figure PCTCN2021125403-appb-000032
Figure PCTCN2021125403-appb-000033
Figure PCTCN2021125403-appb-000034
Figure PCTCN2021125403-appb-000035
其中,A 1、A 2、A 3、A 4为所述第一矩阵的子矩阵;
所述第二矩阵构建单元具体用于构建如下式所示的第二矩阵:
X=[a 0,a 1,a 2,a 3,b 1,b 2,…,b n-1] T
所述第三矩阵构建单元具体用于构建如下式所示的第三矩阵:
Figure PCTCN2021125403-appb-000036
Figure PCTCN2021125403-appb-000037
Figure PCTCN2021125403-appb-000038
其中,B 1、B 2为所述第三矩阵的子矩阵,x 0为所述初始时刻的位置,v 0为所述初始时刻的速度,x n为所述终止时刻的位置,v n为所述终止时刻的速度,x 1、x 2、…、x n-1为各个中间时刻的位置。
在本申请实施例的一种具体实现中,所述运动状态确定模块可以包括:
后摆规划处理单元,用于根据所述摆动腿在所述初始时刻的运动状态确定所述摆动腿在第一个中间时刻的运动状态。
在本申请实施例的一种具体实现中,所述运动状态确定模块可以包括:
前摆规划处理单元,用于根据所述摆动腿在所述终止时刻的运动状态确定所述摆动腿在最后一个中间时刻的运动状态。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到,为描述的方便和简洁,上述描述的装置,模块和单元的具体工作过程,可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程,在此不再赘述。
在上述实施例中,对各个实施例的描述都各有侧重,某个实施例中没有详述或记载的部分,可以参见其它实施例的相关描述。
图7示出了本申请实施例提供的一种机器人的示意框图,为了便于说明,仅示出了与本申请实施例相关的部分。
如图7所示,该实施例的机器人7包括:处理器70、存储器71以及存储在所述存储器71中并可在所述处理器70上运行的计算机程序72。所述处理器70执行所述计算机程序72时实现上述各个步态轨迹规划方法实施例中的步骤,例如图1所示的步骤S101至步骤S103。或者,所述处理器70执行所述计算机程序72时实现上述各装置实施例中各模块/单元的功能,例如图6所示模块601至模块603的功能。
示例性的,所述计算机程序72可以被分割成一个或多个模块/单元,所述一个或者多个模块/单元被存储在所述存储器71中,并由所述处理器70执行,以完成本申请。所述一个或多个模块/单元可以是能够完成特定功能的一系列计算机程序指令段,该指令段用于描述所述计算机程序72在所述机器人7中的执行过程。
本领域技术人员可以理解,图7仅仅是机器人7的示例,并不构成对机器人7的限定,可以包括比图示更多或更少的部件,或者组合某些部件,或者不同的部件,例如所述机器人7还可以包括输入输出设备、网络接入设备、总线等。
所述处理器70可以是中央处理单元(Central Processing Unit,CPU),还可以是其 它通用处理器、数字信号处理器(Digital Signal Processor,DSP)、专用集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuit,ASIC)、现场可编程门阵列(Field-Programmable Gate Array,FPGA)或者其它可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件等。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。
所述存储器71可以是所述机器人7的内部存储单元,例如机器人7的硬盘或内存。所述存储器71也可以是所述机器人7的外部存储设备,例如所述机器人7上配备的插接式硬盘,智能存储卡(Smart Media Card,SMC),安全数字(Secure Digital,SD)卡,闪存卡(Flash Card)等。进一步地,所述存储器71还可以既包括所述机器人7的内部存储单元也包括外部存储设备。所述存储器71用于存储所述计算机程序以及所述机器人7所需的其它程序和数据。所述存储器71还可以用于暂时地存储已经输出或者将要输出的数据。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到,为了描述的方便和简洁,仅以上述各功能单元、模块的划分进行举例说明,实际应用中,可以根据需要而将上述功能分配由不同的功能单元、模块完成,即将所述装置的内部结构划分成不同的功能单元或模块,以完成以上描述的全部或者部分功能。实施例中的各功能单元、模块可以集成在一个处理单元中,也可以是各个单元单独物理存在,也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中,上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现,也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。另外,各功能单元、模块的具体名称也只是为了便于相互区分,并不用于限制本申请的保护范围。上述系统中单元、模块的具体工作过程,可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程,在此不再赘述。
在上述实施例中,对各个实施例的描述都各有侧重,某个实施例中没有详述或记载的部分,可以参见其它实施例的相关描述。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到,结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤,能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行,取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能,但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
在本申请所提供的实施例中,应该理解到,所揭露的装置/机器人和方法,可以通过其它的方式实现。例如,以上所描述的装置/机器人实施例仅仅是示意性的,例如,所述模块或单元的划分,仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分,实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式,例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统,或一些特征可以忽略,或不执行。另一点,所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通讯连接可以是通过一些接口,装置或单元的间接耦合或通讯连接,可以是电性,机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的,作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元,即可以位于一个地方,或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外,在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中,也可以是各个单元单独物理存在,也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现,也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
所述集成的模块/单元如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时,可以存储在一个计算机可读存储介质中。基于这样的理解,本申请实现上述实施例方法中的全部或部分流程,也可以通过计算机程序来指令相关的硬件来完成,所述的计算机程序可存储于一计算机可读存储介质中,该计算机程序在被处理器执行时,可实现上述各个方法实施例的步骤。其中,所述计算机程序包括计算机程序代码,所述计算机程序代码可以为源代码形式、对象代码形式、可执行文件或某些中间形式等。所述计算机可读存储介质可以包括:能够携带所述计算机程序代码的任何实体或装置、记录介质、U盘、移动 硬盘、磁碟、光盘、计算机存储器、只读存储器(ROM,Read-Only Memory)、随机存取存储器(RAM,Random Access Memory)、电载波信号、电信信号以及软件分发介质等。需要说明的是,所述计算机可读存储介质包含的内容可以根据司法管辖区内立法和专利实践的要求进行适当的增减,例如在某些司法管辖区,根据立法和专利实践,计算机可读存储介质不包括电载波信号和电信信号。
以上所述实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的精神和范围,均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种步态轨迹规划方法,其特征在于,包括:
    确定机器人的摆动腿在预设的各个规划时刻的运动状态,所述规划时刻包括初始时刻、终止时刻以及处于所述初始时刻与所述终止时刻之间的若干个中间时刻;
    根据各个规划时刻将所述摆动腿的步态轨迹划分为若干个参数待定的步态轨迹分段;
    根据各个规划时刻的运动状态求解各个步态轨迹分段的参数,得到所述摆动腿从所述初始时刻至所述终止时刻的步态轨迹规划。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的步态轨迹规划方法,其特征在于,所述根据各个规划时刻将所述摆动腿的步态轨迹划分为若干个参数待定的步态轨迹分段,包括:
    根据各个规划时刻将所述摆动腿的步态轨迹划分为如下式所示的若干个参数待定的步态轨迹分段:
    Figure PCTCN2021125403-appb-100001
    其中,t 0为所述初始时刻,t n为所述终止时刻,t 1、t 2、…、t n-1为处于所述初始时刻与所述终止时刻之间的各个中间时刻,a 0、a 1、a 2、a 3、b 1、b 2、…、b n-1为待定的参数,x(t)为所述摆动腿的步态轨迹。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的步态轨迹规划方法,其特征在于,所述根据各个规划时刻的运动状态求解各个步态轨迹分段的参数,包括:
    根据各个规划时刻构建第一矩阵;
    根据各个待定的参数构建第二矩阵;
    根据各个规划时刻的运动状态构建第三矩阵;
    根据所述第一矩阵、所述第二矩阵和所述第三矩阵构建对各个待定的参数进行求解的方程组;
    根据所述方程组求解各个步态轨迹分段的参数。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的步态轨迹规划方法,其特征在于,所述根据所述第一矩阵、所述第二矩阵和所述第三矩阵构建对各个待定的参数进行求解的方程组,包括:
    构建如下式所示的方程组:
    AX=B
    其中,A为所述第一矩阵,X为所述第二矩阵,B为所述第三矩阵。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的步态轨迹规划方法,其特征在于,所述各个规划时刻的运动状态包括:所述初始时刻的位置和速度、所述终止时刻的位置和速度以及各个中间时刻的位置;
    所述根据各个规划时刻构建第一矩阵,包括:
    构建如下式所示的第一矩阵:
    Figure PCTCN2021125403-appb-100002
    Figure PCTCN2021125403-appb-100003
    Figure PCTCN2021125403-appb-100004
    Figure PCTCN2021125403-appb-100005
    Figure PCTCN2021125403-appb-100006
    其中,A为所述第一矩阵,A 1、A 2、A 3、A 4为所述第一矩阵的子矩阵;
    所述根据各个待定的参数构建第二矩阵,包括:
    构建如下式所示的第二矩阵:
    X=[a 0,a 1,a 2,a 3,b 1,b 2,…,b n-1] T
    其中,X为所述第二矩阵;
    所述根据各个规划时刻的运动状态构建第三矩阵,包括:
    构建如下式所示的第三矩阵:
    Figure PCTCN2021125403-appb-100007
    Figure PCTCN2021125403-appb-100008
    Figure PCTCN2021125403-appb-100009
    其中,B为所述第三矩阵,B 1、B 2为所述第三矩阵的子矩阵,x 0为所述初始时刻的位置,v 0为所述初始时刻的速度,x n为所述终止时刻的位置,v n为所述终止时刻的速度,x 1、x 2、…、x n-1为各个中间时刻的位置。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的步态轨迹规划方法,其特征在于,所述确定机器人的摆动腿在预设的各个规划时刻的运动状态,包括:
    根据所述摆动腿在所述初始时刻的运动状态确定所述摆动腿在第一个中间时刻的运动状态。
  7. 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的步态轨迹规划方法,其特征在于,所述确定机器人的摆动腿在预设的各个规划时刻的运动状态,包括:
    根据所述摆动腿在所述终止时刻的运动状态确定所述摆动腿在最后一个中间时刻的运动状态。
  8. 一种步态轨迹规划装置,其特征在于,包括:
    运动状态确定模块,用于确定机器人的摆动腿在预设的各个规划时刻的运动状态,所述规划时刻包括初始时刻、终止时刻以及处于所述初始时刻与所述终止时刻之间的若干个中间时刻;
    步态轨迹分段模块,用于根据各个规划时刻将所述摆动腿的步态轨迹划分为若干个参数待定的步态轨迹分段;
    参数求解模块,用于根据各个规划时刻的运动状态求解各个步态轨迹分段的参数,得到所述摆动腿从所述初始时刻至所述终止时刻的步态轨迹规划。
  9. 一种计算机可读存储介质,所述计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机程序,其特征在于,所述计算机程序被处理器执行时实现如权利要求1至7中任一项所述的步态轨迹规划方法的步骤。
  10. 一种机器人,包括存储器、处理器以及存储在所述存储器中并可在所述处理器上运行的计算机程序,其特征在于,所述处理器执行所述计算机程序时实现如权利要求1至7中任一项所述的步态轨迹规划方法的步骤。
PCT/CN2021/125403 2021-04-30 2021-10-21 一种步态轨迹规划方法、装置、可读存储介质及机器人 Ceased WO2022227429A1 (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110479959.8A CN113110484B (zh) 2021-04-30 2021-04-30 一种步态轨迹规划方法、装置、可读存储介质及机器人
CN202110479959.8 2021-04-30

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2022227429A1 true WO2022227429A1 (zh) 2022-11-03

Family

ID=76720613

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2021/125403 Ceased WO2022227429A1 (zh) 2021-04-30 2021-10-21 一种步态轨迹规划方法、装置、可读存储介质及机器人

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CN (1) CN113110484B (zh)
WO (1) WO2022227429A1 (zh)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117863169A (zh) * 2023-12-08 2024-04-12 华南理工大学 地形识别结果序列在线决策方法、系统、设备及介质
CN118832561A (zh) * 2024-04-09 2024-10-25 江淮前沿技术协同创新中心 基于分段dmp的下肢外骨骼步态学习规划方法及系统
CN119472748A (zh) * 2024-11-05 2025-02-18 广州小鹏汽车科技有限公司 双足机器人的控制方法、电子设备及存储介质

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113110484B (zh) * 2021-04-30 2024-06-21 深圳市优必选科技股份有限公司 一种步态轨迹规划方法、装置、可读存储介质及机器人
CN113524190B (zh) * 2021-07-26 2022-07-29 深圳市优必选科技股份有限公司 机器人足端碰撞稳定控制方法、装置和足式机器人
CN113879421B (zh) * 2021-10-28 2022-07-08 乐聚(深圳)机器人技术有限公司 双足机器人的运动轨迹规划方法、装置、设备及介质
CN114815596B (zh) * 2022-03-02 2024-11-15 深圳市优必选科技股份有限公司 一种步态规划方法、装置、计算机可读存储介质及机器人
CN116039797B (zh) * 2023-01-09 2024-08-27 华中科技大学 一种四足机器人盲爬阶梯方法和四足机器人
CN117452931B (zh) * 2023-10-16 2024-06-25 之江实验室 一种仿人机器人的行走控制方法、装置及存储介质
CN119891881B (zh) * 2025-03-27 2025-07-01 成都航天凯特机电科技有限公司 基于模拟量输入的电机转矩动态调整方法及系统

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109202901A (zh) * 2018-08-29 2019-01-15 厦门理工学院 一种双足机器人爬楼梯步态规划方法、装置及机器人
US10179619B1 (en) * 2016-03-30 2019-01-15 Schaft Inc. Robotic foot sensor
CN110315543A (zh) * 2019-07-29 2019-10-11 北京理工大学 一种双足机器人步态生成与优化方法
CN110400618A (zh) * 2019-07-17 2019-11-01 北京航空航天大学 一种基于人体运动结构特征的三维步态生成方法
CN111664851A (zh) * 2020-06-11 2020-09-15 哈尔滨工业大学 基于序列优化的机器人状态规划方法、装置及存储介质
WO2020233050A1 (zh) * 2019-11-26 2020-11-26 浙江大学 一种双足机器人不平整路面动态跑步步态实现方法
CN113110484A (zh) * 2021-04-30 2021-07-13 深圳市优必选科技股份有限公司 一种步态轨迹规划方法、装置、可读存储介质及机器人

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105511465B (zh) * 2015-12-02 2017-08-04 歌尔股份有限公司 一种双足机器人的步态控制方法和装置
CN107065908A (zh) * 2017-04-14 2017-08-18 中国北方车辆研究所 一种规划四足机器人静步态机身运动轨迹的方法
CN107390634B (zh) * 2017-08-31 2019-11-12 南京埃斯顿机器人工程有限公司 一种工业机器人轨迹五次多项式规划方法
CN109397288B (zh) * 2018-10-18 2020-10-23 航天科工智能机器人有限责任公司 基于个体特征的机器人步态规划方法
CN110812131B (zh) * 2019-11-28 2022-02-22 深圳市迈步机器人科技有限公司 外骨骼机器人的步态控制方法、控制系统及外骨骼机器人
CN112147889B (zh) * 2020-08-31 2022-11-25 南京理工大学 一种四足机器人复合式越障轨迹规划方法

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10179619B1 (en) * 2016-03-30 2019-01-15 Schaft Inc. Robotic foot sensor
CN109202901A (zh) * 2018-08-29 2019-01-15 厦门理工学院 一种双足机器人爬楼梯步态规划方法、装置及机器人
CN110400618A (zh) * 2019-07-17 2019-11-01 北京航空航天大学 一种基于人体运动结构特征的三维步态生成方法
CN110315543A (zh) * 2019-07-29 2019-10-11 北京理工大学 一种双足机器人步态生成与优化方法
WO2020233050A1 (zh) * 2019-11-26 2020-11-26 浙江大学 一种双足机器人不平整路面动态跑步步态实现方法
CN111664851A (zh) * 2020-06-11 2020-09-15 哈尔滨工业大学 基于序列优化的机器人状态规划方法、装置及存储介质
CN113110484A (zh) * 2021-04-30 2021-07-13 深圳市优必选科技股份有限公司 一种步态轨迹规划方法、装置、可读存储介质及机器人

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117863169A (zh) * 2023-12-08 2024-04-12 华南理工大学 地形识别结果序列在线决策方法、系统、设备及介质
CN118832561A (zh) * 2024-04-09 2024-10-25 江淮前沿技术协同创新中心 基于分段dmp的下肢外骨骼步态学习规划方法及系统
CN119472748A (zh) * 2024-11-05 2025-02-18 广州小鹏汽车科技有限公司 双足机器人的控制方法、电子设备及存储介质

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN113110484B (zh) 2024-06-21
CN113110484A (zh) 2021-07-13

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2022227429A1 (zh) 一种步态轨迹规划方法、装置、可读存储介质及机器人
WO2022160787A1 (zh) 一种机器人手眼标定方法, 装置, 可读存储介质及机器人
CN109976148B (zh) 机器人运动路径规划方法、装置、存储介质及终端设备
CN111158365B (zh) 一种路径规划方法、装置、机器人及存储介质
WO2022198993A1 (zh) 一种机械臂运动规划方法、装置、可读存储介质及机械臂
WO2022198994A1 (zh) 一种机械臂运动规划方法、装置、可读存储介质及机械臂
WO2020135608A1 (zh) 工业机器人的示教轨迹复现方法、系统及机器人
CN110471409A (zh) 机器人巡检方法、装置、计算机可读存储介质及机器人
CN111319041A (zh) 一种机器人位姿确定方法、装置、可读存储介质及机器人
US11420694B2 (en) Robot gait planning method and robot with the same
CN113110423A (zh) 步态轨迹规划方法、装置、计算机可读存储介质及机器人
WO2025166949A1 (zh) 一种自动驾驶车辆的速度控制方法、装置、设备及介质
WO2023005021A1 (zh) 一种地图的更新方法、机器人及可读存储介质
CN115326051A (zh) 一种基于动态场景的定位方法、装置、机器人及介质
CN111736615A (zh) 一种步态规划方法、装置、计算机可读存储介质及机器人
CN111024082B (zh) 一种规划机器人局部路径的方法、装置及机器人
CN111854751A (zh) 导航目标位置确定方法、装置、可读存储介质及机器人
WO2022227426A1 (zh) 一种步态规划方法、装置、计算机可读存储介质及机器人
CN115685236A (zh) 机器人、机器人打滑处理方法、装置和可读存储介质
Lilge et al. Incorporating control inputs in continuous-time Gaussian process state estimation for robotics
WO2022198992A1 (zh) 一种机械臂运动规划方法、装置、可读存储介质及机械臂
CN111487972A (zh) 一种踢球的步态规划方法、装置、可读存储介质及机器人
CN116125447A (zh) 机器人定位恢复方法、系统、电子设备及存储介质
CN111158368A (zh) 一种双足机器人及其轨迹跟随方法和装置
CN113547517B (zh) 动态避障的步态规划方法、装置、可读存储介质及机器人

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 21938892

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 21938892

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1