WO2022156454A1 - 一种污泥耦合生物质热解气化装置与方法 - Google Patents

一种污泥耦合生物质热解气化装置与方法 Download PDF

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WO2022156454A1
WO2022156454A1 PCT/CN2021/139468 CN2021139468W WO2022156454A1 WO 2022156454 A1 WO2022156454 A1 WO 2022156454A1 CN 2021139468 W CN2021139468 W CN 2021139468W WO 2022156454 A1 WO2022156454 A1 WO 2022156454A1
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pyrolysis
gasification
chamber
sludge
mesh
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English (en)
French (fr)
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张会岩
彭勃
肖睿
储升
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Southeast University
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Southeast University
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/033—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment comminuting or crushing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
    • F23G5/442—Waste feed arrangements
    • F23G5/444—Waste feed arrangements for solid waste
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/001—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals for sludges or waste products from water treatment installations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/30—Pyrolysing
    • F23G2201/302—Treating pyrosolids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/30—Pyrolysing
    • F23G2201/303—Burning pyrogases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/70—Blending
    • F23G2201/702—Blending with other waste
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/80—Shredding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2205/00—Waste feed arrangements
    • F23G2205/12—Waste feed arrangements using conveyors
    • F23G2205/121—Screw conveyor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2209/00—Specific waste
    • F23G2209/12—Sludge, slurries or mixtures of liquids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2209/00—Specific waste
    • F23G2209/26—Biowaste

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of sludge treatment, and in particular relates to a sludge-coupled biomass pyrolysis gasification device and method.
  • Sludge contains organic matter and has a certain calorific value, as well as a large amount of nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium with agricultural value. It is a waste with utilization value. If it is directly dumped into the environment, the sludge contains a large number of pathogenic microorganisms, pathogenic bacteria, heavy metals and other refractory toxic and harmful components, which will release pollutants in soil and water bodies, which will easily cause serious secondary pollution. If properly treated and utilized, and turned waste into treasure, it will not only solve the problem of environmental pollution, but also realize the recycling of resources and improve economic benefits, which is of great significance.
  • Sludge pyrolysis and gasification technology has the characteristics of fast treatment speed, less secondary pollution, and recyclable resources. It is a potential sludge treatment technology and has received extensive attention. However, the content of moisture, ash, inorganic salts and metals in the sludge is high, and the content of volatile organic substances is low, which makes the volatile analysis characteristics of the sludge alone in the prior art poor, the oil production rate is low, and the liquid phase is poor.
  • the product composition is complex and easy to oxidize and coke, the carbon produced is of poor quality, small specific surface area, poor adsorption performance, and the problem of heavy metals cannot be properly solved. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a sludge treatment device and method capable of generating high-quality carbon with better performance and solidifying heavy metals.
  • the present invention provides a sludge-coupled biomass pyrolysis gasification device and method, which can make full use of the characteristics of sludge and biomass, improve the quality of the generated charcoal products, ensure various properties of the charcoal products, and Strengthen the solidification of heavy metals, and the utilization rate of resources is greatly improved.
  • the embodiment of the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a sludge-coupled biomass pyrolysis gasification device and method, including a feeder, a screw motor, a furnace motor, a pyrolysis gasification chamber, a screw pusher, and a combustion heating chamber , an induced draft fan, a carbon collecting box and a mesh outlet;
  • the outlet of the feeder is located at the front entrance of the screw pusher, and is connected to the pyrolysis gasification chamber;
  • the screw motor is connected to the screw pusher;
  • the furnace body motor is connected with the furnace body of the pyrolysis and gasification chamber;
  • the pyrolysis and gasification chamber is communicated with the combustion and heating chamber through a mesh outlet;
  • the inner wall side of the combustion and heating chamber is provided with a number of uniformly distributed stabilizers.
  • a combustion nozzle the inner wall of the top of the combustion and heating chamber is provided with a number of air holes, and the outer wall is connected with the induced draft fan; the carbon collecting box is located below the combustion and heating chamber, and is connected to the combustion and heating chamber through a sealing wall. An opening is provided at the connection between the carbon box and the bottom of the pyrolysis gasification chamber.
  • the pyrolysis gasification chamber and the combustion heating chamber are of concentric inner and outer sleeve structures, and the ratio of the outer diameter of the pyrolysis gasification chamber to the outer diameter of the combustion heating chamber is 4:5.
  • the number of air holes opened on the inner wall of the top of the combustion heating chamber is 4-8, and the diameter of the air holes is 40 mm.
  • the mesh outlet is made of stainless steel wire mesh, the mesh diameter is 5-10 mesh, and the area of the mesh outlet is equal to the size of the top opening of the carbon collecting box.
  • an embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for pyrolysis and gasification of sludge coupled with biomass by using the above device, wherein the pyrolysis and gasification of sludge coupled with biomass is carried out in batches, and each batch of reactions includes the following steps: The following steps:
  • Step 1) After mixing a batch of sludge with biomass raw materials, directly add it into the front part of the pyrolysis gasification chamber through the feeder, and directly contact with the screw pusher; the screw motor drives the screw pusher to rotate continuously to push The sludge-biomass mixture is transported forward and continuously stirred and broken; the water content in the sludge is used for pyrolysis and gasification reaction in a high temperature and oxygen-depleted environment;
  • Step 2 The fuel gas generated by the reaction in the pyrolysis gasification chamber enters the combustion heating chamber; at the same time, the air naturally leaks into the combustion heating chamber from the air hole, and burns with the oil and gas generated by the pyrolysis gasification; the released heat is Heat supply for subsequent pyrolysis and gasification reactions in the pyrolysis and gasification chamber;
  • Step 3 After the pyrolysis gasification reaction is completed, start the furnace motor to drive the pyrolysis gasification chamber to rotate, so that the mesh discharge port is aligned with the opening of the carbon collecting box, and the carbon generated by the sludge-biomass pyrolysis gasification reaction After being continuously stirred and broken by the screw pusher, it falls into the carbon collecting box through the mesh discharge port.
  • the method further includes:
  • Step 4) After the carbon collection is completed, the furnace motor is started again to drive the pyrolysis gasification chamber to rotate, so that the mesh outlet is located within the range of the combustion heating chamber.
  • the screw motor drives the screw pusher to rotate clockwise without interruption;
  • the furnace body motor drives the pyrolysis gasification chamber to rotate clockwise by 180° each time it is started.
  • step 2) it also includes:
  • a slight negative pressure is formed in the furnace by adjusting the induced draft fan, and the fuel gas and air can be sucked into the combustion heating chamber by air pressure and mixed, and burned with the assistance of the stable combustion nozzle. .
  • the pyrolysis gasification temperature is 600°C to 800°C.
  • the sludge-coupled biomass pyrolysis gasification device and method of the present invention can make full use of the characteristics of sludge and biomass, improve the quality of the generated charcoal product, and ensure the quality of the charcoal product. performance, and strengthen the solidification of heavy metals, the resource utilization rate is greatly improved.
  • a sludge-coupled biomass pyrolysis and gasification device and method in this embodiment includes a feeder, a screw motor, a furnace motor, a pyrolysis and gasification chamber, a screw pusher, a combustion heating chamber, an induced draft fan,
  • the carbon collecting box and the mesh discharge port the outlet of the feeder is located at the front entrance of the screw pusher, and is connected with the pyrolysis gasification chamber;
  • the screw motor is connected with the screw pusher;
  • the furnace body The motor is connected to the furnace body of the pyrolysis and gasification chamber;
  • the pyrolysis and gasification chamber is communicated with the combustion and heating chamber through a mesh outlet;
  • the inner wall of the combustion and heating chamber is provided with a number of uniformly distributed combustion stabilizing nozzles, so
  • the top inner wall of the combustion heating chamber is provided with a number of air holes, and the outer wall is connected with the induced draft fan;
  • the carbon collecting box is located below the combustion heating chamber, and is connected with the combustion heating
  • the joint at the bottom of the degasification chamber is provided with an opening.
  • the present invention does not set up a separate combustion chamber, but merges the combustion chamber into the interior of the internal and external combustion heating furnace body, which saves a lot of space and simplifies the device structure; at the same time, the device of the present invention adopts a slightly negative pressure environment, and the high-temperature flue gas does not directly interact with the material. Contact ensures the quality of carbonization.
  • the high-temperature separation of product carbon and oil and gas is achieved through the rotary reactor, and the pyrolysis gas is used to return to the combustion chamber for combustion to provide heat and save energy;
  • the device of the present invention uses a screw to stir to enhance the degree of material mixing, which can significantly enhance the The heat exchange efficiency ensures the heat supply of the carbonization reaction, and effectively saves the length of the combustion heating furnace body;
  • the method in the present invention takes advantage of the biomass to make up for the disadvantage that the sludge cannot supply energy completely by itself due to the low calorific value of the sludge, so that the coupling
  • the co-pyrolysis system achieves energy self-sufficiency, improves product quality, and greatly increases economic benefits.
  • the biomass raw material used in the method provided by the invention has a wide range of sources, and the agricultural and forestry wastes are co-processed, so as to realize the comprehensive disposal and resource utilization of sludge and biomass.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a side view of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • feeder 1 screw motor 2
  • furnace motor 3 furnace motor 3
  • pyrolysis gasification chamber 4 screw pusher 5
  • combustion heating chamber 6 induced draft fan 7
  • carbon collecting box 8 mesh discharge Port 9
  • air hole 10 and stable combustion nozzle 11.
  • one aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a sludge-coupled biomass pyrolysis gasification device, including a feeder 1 , a screw motor 2 , a furnace motor 3 , and a pyrolysis gasification chamber 4 , screw feeder 5, combustion heating chamber 6, induced draft fan 7, carbon collecting box 8 and mesh outlet 9; the outlet of the feeder 1 is located at the front entrance of the screw pusher 5, The degasification chamber 4 is connected; the screw motor 2 is connected with the screw pusher 5; the furnace motor 3 is connected with the furnace body of the pyrolysis and gasification chamber 4; the pyrolysis and gasification chamber 4 is discharged through a mesh
  • the port 9 is communicated with the combustion heating cavity 6; the inner wall side of the combustion heating cavity 6 is provided with a number of uniformly distributed combustion-stabilizing nozzles 11, and the inner wall of the top of the combustion heating cavity 6 is provided with a number of air holes 10, and the outer wall is connected to the guide.
  • the fan 7 is connected;
  • the sludge and biomass are continuously pushed forward while being mixed to complete the coupling, and a pyrolysis gasification reaction occurs during the forward process.
  • the combustion chamber is not set up separately, and the combustion chamber is merged into the interior of the internal and external combustion heating furnace body, which saves a lot of space and simplifies the structure of the device; at the same time, the device of the present invention adopts a slightly negative pressure environment, and the high-temperature flue gas does not directly contact the material. The quality of carbonization is ensured.
  • the high-temperature separation of product carbon and oil and gas is achieved through the rotary reactor, and the pyrolysis gas is used to return to the combustion chamber for combustion to provide heat and save energy. efficiency, ensure the heat supply of the carbonization reaction, and effectively save the length of the combustion heating furnace body.
  • the pyrolysis and gasification chamber 4 and the combustion heating chamber 6 are concentric inner and outer sleeve structures, and the pyrolysis and gasification chamber 4 The ratio of the outer diameter to the outer diameter of the combustion heating cavity 6 is 4:5.
  • the number of air holes 10 opened on the inner wall of the top of the combustion heating cavity 6 is 4-8, and the diameter of the air holes 10 is 40 mm.
  • the air naturally leaks into the combustion heating cavity from the air holes 10 by the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the combustion heating furnace, and burns together with the oil and gas produced by pyrolysis and gasification.
  • the mesh outlet 9 is made of stainless steel wire mesh, the mesh diameter is 5-10 mesh, and the area of the mesh outlet 9 is equal to the size of the top opening of the carbon collecting box 8 .
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for sludge-coupled biomass pyrolysis and gasification realized by using the above device, wherein the sludge-coupled biomass pyrolysis and gasification is carried out in batches, and each batch of reactions includes the following step:
  • Step 1) After mixing a batch of sludge with biomass raw materials, directly add it into the front part of the pyrolysis gasification chamber 4 through the feeder 1, and directly contact with the screw pusher 5; the screw motor 2 drives the screw pusher 5 Continuously rotate, push the sludge-biomass mixture forward and continuously stir and crush; use the moisture contained in the sludge to undergo pyrolysis gasification reaction in a high temperature and oxygen-poor environment;
  • Step 2 The combustible fuel gas generated by the reaction in the pyrolysis gasification chamber 4 enters the combustion heating chamber 6; at the same time, the air naturally leaks into the combustion heating chamber 6 from the air hole 10, and burns with the oil and gas generated by the pyrolysis gasification; The released heat provides heat for the subsequent pyrolysis and gasification reaction in the pyrolysis gasification chamber 4;
  • Step 3 After the pyrolysis and gasification reaction is completed, start the furnace motor 3 to drive the pyrolysis and gasification chamber 4 to rotate, so that the mesh discharge port 9 is aligned with the opening of the carbon collecting box 8, and the sludge-biomass is pyrolyzed and gasified.
  • the carbon generated by the reaction is continuously stirred and broken by the screw pusher 5, and then falls into the carbon collecting box 8 through the mesh discharge port 9.
  • the method further includes:
  • Step 4 After the carbon collection is completed, the furnace motor 3 is started again to drive the pyrolysis gasification chamber 4 to rotate, so that the mesh outlet 9 is located within the range of the combustion heating chamber 6 .
  • the screw motor 2 drives the screw pusher 5 to rotate clockwise without interruption;
  • the furnace motor 3 drives the pyrolysis gasification chamber 4 to rotate clockwise by 180° each time it is started.
  • the screw motor 2 drives the screw pusher 5 to rotate clockwise without interruption; in the step 2), it also includes:
  • a slight negative pressure is formed in the furnace by adjusting the induced draft fan 7, and the fuel gas and air are sucked into the combustion heating chamber 6 by the air pressure and mixed, and are burned with the assistance of the stable combustion nozzle 11, and the generated heat provides heat for the subsequent reaction. 7 Adjust the air volume.
  • the pyrolysis gasification temperature is 600°C to 800°C.
  • the working process of the above embodiment is as follows: put a batch of sludge and biomass raw materials into the feeder 1 for mixing, the mixed raw materials enter the front part of the pyrolysis gasification chamber 4 from the feeder 1, and the screw pusher 5 is driven by a screw.
  • the motor 2 drives the continuous rotation, which drives the mixed raw materials to continuously stir and advance, and the mixed raw materials undergo a pyrolysis and gasification reaction during this process; at this time, the net-shaped discharge port 9 is upward, and the combustible fuel gas generated by the pyrolysis and gasification flows from the net.
  • the shaped discharge port 9 enters the combustion heating chamber 6, and the outside air is sucked into the combustion heating chamber 6 from the air hole 10 through the induced draft fan 7, and the fuel gas and air are burned in the combustion heating chamber 6, and the released heat is pyrolysis.
  • the subsequent pyrolysis and gasification reaction in the gasification chamber 4 provides heat; after the pyrolysis and gasification reaction is completed, the furnace motor 3 is started to rotate the pyrolysis and gasification chamber 4 by 180°, and the mesh outlet 9 is connected to the carbon collecting box. 8.
  • the top opening is aligned, and the carbon generated by the sludge-biomass pyrolysis and gasification reaction is stirred and broken by the screw pusher 5, and then falls into the carbon collecting box 8 from the mesh discharge port 9.
  • the furnace body motor 3 is started again, the pyrolysis gasification chamber 4 is rotated by 180°, and the mesh outlet 9 is located in the combustion heating chamber 6 again.
  • the carbon in the carbon collecting box 8 may be taken out periodically.
  • the combustion chamber is not set up separately, and the combustion chamber is merged into the interior of the internal and external combustion heating furnace body, which saves a lot of space,
  • the structure of the device is simplified; at the same time, the device of the present invention adopts a micro-negative pressure environment, and the high-temperature flue gas does not directly contact the material, which ensures the quality of carbonization.
  • the device of the present invention adopts a screw agitator to enhance the mixing degree of materials, which can significantly enhance the heat exchange efficiency, ensure the heat supply of the carbonization reaction, and effectively save the length of the combustion heating furnace body; the method in the present invention
  • biomass raw material used in the method provided by the invention has a wide range of sources, and the agricultural and forestry wastes are co-processed, so as to realize the comprehensive disposal and resource utilization of sludge and biomass.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

一种污泥耦合生物质热解气化装置，该装置包括进料器(1)、螺旋电机(2)、炉体电机(3)、热解气化腔(4)、螺旋推料器(5)、燃烧供热腔(6)、引风机(7)、集炭箱(8)和网状出料口(9)；进料器(1)出口位于螺旋推料器(5)的前端入口处，且与热解气化腔(4)相连；螺旋电机(2)与螺旋推料器(5)相连；炉体电机(3)与热解气化腔(4)炉身相连；热解气化腔(4)通过网状出料口(9)与燃烧供热腔(6)连通；燃烧供热腔(6)内壁侧面设有若干均匀分布的稳燃喷嘴(11)，燃烧供热腔(6)顶部内壁开有若干空气孔(10)，且外壁与引风机(7)相连；集炭箱(8)位于燃烧供热腔(6)下方，且与燃烧供热腔(6)通过密封壁连接，集炭箱(8)与热解气化腔(4)底部连接处设有开口。该装置可以提高生成的炭产物的质量，保证炭产物的各项性能，并加强对重金属的固化，资源利用率大大提高。

Description

一种污泥耦合生物质热解气化装置与方法 技术领域
本发明属于污泥处理技术领域，具体来说，涉及一种污泥耦合生物质热解气化装置与方法。
背景技术
近年来，我国工业化进程不断加快，污泥的产量逐步提高，其处理处置已成为不可忽视的问题。污泥中含有机质且具备一定热值，还大量具有农用价值的氮、磷、钾等营养元素，是具有利用价值的废弃物。若直接倾倒到环境中，污泥中含有的大量病原微生物、致病菌、重金属等难降解有毒有害成分，将会在土壤和水体中释放污染物，极易形成严重的二次污染。若处理利用得当，并将其变废为宝，既解决环境污染问题，又能实现资源化循环利用、提升经济效益，具有重要意义。
污泥热解气化技术具有处理速度快、二次污染少、资源可回收等特点，是极具潜力的污泥处理技术，受到广泛关注。然而，污泥中水分、灰分、无机盐和金属含量较高，而易挥发的有机物含量低，使得现有技术中污泥单独热解时挥发分析出特性较差，产油率低，液相产物成分复杂且易氧化、易结焦，生成的炭质量较差，比表面积较小，吸附性能差，且重金属问题无法得到妥善解决。因此，迫切需要一种能够生成高质量炭，且性能更好，固化重金属的污泥处理装置与方法。
发明内容
本发明针对上述不足，提供一种污泥耦合生物质热解气化装置与方法，可以充分利用污泥与生物质的特点，提高生成的炭产物的质量，保证炭产物的各项性能，并加强对重金属的固化，资源利用率大大提高。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明实施例采用以下技术方案：
一方面，本发明实施例提供一种污泥耦合生物质热解气化装置与方法，包括进料器、螺旋电机、炉体电机、热解气化腔、螺旋推料器、燃烧供热腔、引风机、集炭箱和网状出料口；所述进料器出口位于螺旋推料器的前端入口处，且与热解气化腔相连；所述螺旋电机与螺旋推料器相连；所述炉体电机与热解气化腔炉身相连；所述热解气化腔通过网状出料口与燃烧供热腔连通；所述燃烧供热腔内壁侧面设有若干均匀分布的稳燃喷嘴，所述燃烧供热腔顶部内壁开有若干空气孔，且外壁与引风机相连；所述集炭箱位于燃烧供热腔下方，且与燃烧供热腔通过密封壁连接，所述集炭箱与热解气化腔底部连接处设有开口。
优选的，所述热解气化腔与燃烧供热腔为同心内外套筒结构，所述热解气化腔的外径与燃烧供热腔的外径的比例为4∶5。
优选的，所述燃烧供热腔顶部内壁开设的空气孔的数量为4-8个，所述空气孔的直径为40mm。
优选的，所述网状出料口由不锈钢丝网构成，网孔直径为5-10目，所述网状出料口的面 积与集炭箱顶部开口大小相等。
另一方面，本发明实施例还提供一种利用上述装置实现的污泥耦合生物质热解气化方法，所述污泥耦合生物质热解气化分批次批量进行，每批次反应包括以下步骤：
步骤1)将一批量污泥与生物质原料混合后通过进料器直接加入热解气化腔前部，并与螺旋推料器直接接触；所述螺旋电机带动螺旋推料器不断旋转，推动污泥-生物质混合物向前输送并不断搅拌破碎；利用污泥中所含水分在高温贫氧环境下发生热解气化反应；
步骤2)热解气化腔中反应生成的可燃油气进入燃烧供热腔内；同时空气从空气孔处自然漏进燃烧供热腔内，与热解气化产生的油气燃烧；所放出热量为热解气化腔中后续热解气化反应供热；
步骤3)完成热解气化反应后，启动炉体电机，带动热解气化腔旋转，使网状出料口对准集炭箱开口，污泥-生物质热解气化反应生成的炭经螺旋推料器不断搅拌破碎后，通过网状出料口落进集炭箱。
优选的，所述方法还包括：
步骤4)炭收集完成后，再次启动炉体电机，带动热解气化腔旋转，使网状出料口位于燃烧供热腔的范围内。
优选的，所述螺旋电机带动螺旋推料器不间断顺时针旋转；所述炉体电机每次启动带动热解气化腔顺时针旋转180°。
优选的，所述步骤2)中，还包括：
通过引风机调节炉内形成微负压，可燃油气及空气由气压吸入燃烧供热腔中混合，在稳燃喷嘴的协助下燃烧，产生的热量为后续反应供热，同时通过引风机调节空气量。
优选的，所述步骤2)中，热解气化温度为600℃～800℃。
与现有技术相比，本发明的一种污泥耦合生物质热解气化装置与方法，可以充分利用污泥与生物质的特点，提高生成的炭产物的质量，保证炭产物的各项性能，并加强对重金属的固化，资源利用率大大提高。本实施例的一种污泥耦合生物质热解气化装置与方法，包括进料器、螺旋电机、炉体电机、热解气化腔、螺旋推料器、燃烧供热腔、引风机、集炭箱和网状出料口；所述进料器出口位于螺旋推料器的前端入口处，且与热解气化腔相连；所述螺旋电机与螺旋推料器相连；所述炉体电机与热解气化腔炉身相连；所述热解气化腔通过网状出料口与燃烧供热腔连通；所述燃烧供热腔内壁侧面设有若干均匀分布的稳燃喷嘴，所述燃烧供热腔顶部内壁开有若干空气孔，且外壁与引风机相连；所述集炭箱位于燃烧供热腔下方，且与燃烧供热腔通过密封壁连接，所述集炭箱与热解气化腔底部连接处设有开口。本发明不单独设置燃烧室，将燃烧室合并至内外燃烧供热炉体内部，节省了大量空间，简化了装置结构；同时，本发明装置中采用微负压环境，高温烟气不直接与物料接触，保证了炭化的质量通过旋转反应器实现产物炭、油气高温分离，利用热解气返回燃烧室燃烧，提供热量，节约能源；本发明装置采用螺旋器搅动，增强物料混合程度，可显著增强换热效率，保证炭化反应的热量供给，并有效节约燃烧供热炉体长度；本发明中的方法借由生物质优点，弥补因污泥热值低无法完全靠自身供能的弊端，使得耦合共热解系统达到能量的自给自足，还提高了产物品质，大大增加经济效益。本发明提供的方法所采用的生物质原料来源广泛，协同处理了农林业废弃物，实现污泥与生物质两种物质的综合处置和资源化利用。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例的结构示意图；
图2是本发明实施例的侧视图。
图中有：进料器1、螺旋电机2、炉体电机3、热解气化腔4、螺旋推料器5、燃烧供热腔6、引风机7、集炭箱8、网状出料口9、空气孔10和稳燃喷嘴11。
具体实施方式
以下的说明本质上仅仅是示例性的而并不是为了限制本公开、应用或用途。应当理解的是，在全部附图中，对应的附图标记表示相同或对应的部件和特征。
如图1和图2所示，本发明实施例一方面提供一种污泥耦合生物质热解气化装置，包括进料器1、螺旋电机2、炉体电机3、热解气化腔4、螺旋推料器5、燃烧供热腔6、引风机7、集炭箱8和网状出料口9；所述进料器1出口位于螺旋推料器5的前端入口处，且与热解气化腔4相连；所述螺旋电机2与螺旋推料器5相连；所述炉体电机3与热解气化腔4炉身相连；所述热解气化腔4通过网状出料口9与燃烧供热腔6连通；所述燃烧供热腔6内壁侧面设有若干均匀分布的稳燃喷嘴11，所述燃烧供热腔6顶部内壁开有若干空气孔10，且外壁与引风机7相连；所述集炭箱8位于燃烧供热腔6下方，且与燃烧供热腔6通过密封壁连接，所述集炭箱8与热解气化腔4底部连接处设有开口。
其中，通过设置旋转结构，使污泥和生物质在混合的同时不断向前推进，完成耦合，并在前进过程中发生热解气化反应。不单独设置燃烧室，将燃烧室合并至内外燃烧供热炉体内部，节省了大量空间，简化了装置结构；同时，本发明装置中采用微负压环境，高温烟气不直接与物料接触，保证了炭化的质量通过旋转反应器实现产物炭、油气高温分离，利用热解气返回燃烧室燃烧，提供热量，节约能源；本发明装置采用螺旋器搅动，增强物料混合程度，可显著增强换热效率，保证炭化反应的热量供给，并有效节约燃烧供热炉体长度。
上述实施例的一种污泥耦合生物质热解气化装置中，优选的，所述热解气化腔4与燃烧供热腔6为同心内外套筒结构，所述热解气化腔4的外径与燃烧供热腔6的外径的比例为4：5。通过将热解气化腔4和燃烧供热腔6设置为同心内外套筒结构，节省了装置空间的同时，使得热解气化产生的油气直接作为燃烧供热腔6中燃烧的原料，燃烧后放出的热量又为热解气化腔4中后续反应供热，各项流程的资源利用率提高。
优选的，所述燃烧供热腔6顶部内壁开设的空气孔10的数量为4-8个，所述空气孔10的直径为40mm。通过开设空气孔10，使空气由燃烧供热炉体内外压差从空气孔10自然漏进烧供热腔，与热解气化产生的油气一同燃烧，漏进空气量由引风机7调节。
优选的，所述网状出料口9由不锈钢丝网构成，网孔直径为5-10目，所述网状出料口9的面积与集炭箱8顶部开口大小相等。通过设置网状出料口9，当热解气化腔4炉身旋转，网状出料口9向上时，热解气化产生油气就从网状出料口9流入燃烧供热腔6中；当热解气化腔4炉身旋转，网状出料口9向下，与集炭箱8顶部开口适配时，产生的炭则从网状出料口9掉入集炭箱8中。
另一方面，本发明实施例提供一种利用上述装置实现的污泥耦合生物质热解气化方法，所述污泥耦合生物质热解气化分批次批量进行，每批次反应包括以下步骤：
步骤1)将一批量污泥与生物质原料混合后通过进料器1直接加入热解气化腔4前部，并 与螺旋推料器5直接接触；所述螺旋电机2带动螺旋推料器5不断旋转，推动污泥-生物质混合物向前输送并不断搅拌破碎；利用污泥中所含水分在高温贫氧环境下发生热解气化反应；
步骤2)热解气化腔4中反应生成的可燃油气进入燃烧供热腔6内；同时空气从空气孔10处自然漏进燃烧供热腔6内，与热解气化产生的油气燃烧；所放出热量为热解气化腔4中后续热解气化反应供热；
步骤3)完成热解气化反应后，启动炉体电机3，带动热解气化腔4旋转，使网状出料口9对准集炭箱8开口，污泥-生物质热解气化反应生成的炭经螺旋推料器5不断搅拌破碎后，通过网状出料口9落进集炭箱8。
优选的，所述方法还包括：
步骤4)炭收集完成后，再次启动炉体电机3，带动热解气化腔4旋转，使网状出料口9位于燃烧供热腔6的范围内。
优选的，所述螺旋电机2带动螺旋推料器5不间断顺时针旋转；所述炉体电机3每次启动带动热解气化腔4顺时针旋转180°。
优选的，所述螺旋电机2带动螺旋推料器5不间断顺时针旋转；所述步骤2)中，还包括：
通过引风机7调节炉内形成微负压，可燃油气及空气由气压吸入燃烧供热腔6中混合，在稳燃喷嘴11的协助下燃烧，产生的热量为后续反应供热，同时通过引风机7调节空气量。
优选的，所述步骤2)中，热解气化温度为600℃～800℃。
上述实施例的工作过程为：将一批量的污泥和生物质原料分别投入进料器1混合，混合原料从进料器1进入热解气化腔4前部，螺旋推料器5由螺旋电机2带动不断旋转，带动混合原料不停搅拌且向前推进，混合原料在此过程中发生热解气化反应；此时网状出料口9向上，热解气化产生的可燃油气从网状出料口9进入燃烧供热腔6，并且外界空气从空气孔10经引风机7控制吸入燃烧供热腔6中，可燃油气与空气在燃烧供热腔6中燃烧，放出热量为热解气化腔4中后续的热解气化反应供热；热解气化反应完成后，炉体电机3启动，将热解气化腔4旋转180°，网状出料口9与集炭箱8顶部开口对准，污泥-生物质热解气化反应生成的炭经螺旋推料器5搅拌破碎后，从网状出料口9掉入集炭箱8中。最后，再次启动炉体电机3，将热解气化腔4旋转180°，将网状出料口9重新位于燃烧供热腔6中。此外定期将集炭箱8中的炭取出即可。
与现有技术相比，采用本发明的一种污泥耦合生物质热解气化装置与方法，不单独设置燃烧室，将燃烧室合并至内外燃烧供热炉体内部，节省了大量空间，简化了装置结构；同时，本发明装置中采用微负压环境，高温烟气不直接与物料接触，保证了炭化的质量通过旋转反应器实现产物炭、油气高温分离，利用热解气返回燃烧室燃烧，提供热量，节约能源；本发明装置采用螺旋器搅动，增强物料混合程度，可显著增强换热效率，保证炭化反应的热量供给，并有效节约燃烧供热炉体长度；本发明中的方法借由生物质优点，弥补因污泥热值低无法完全靠自身供能的弊端，使得耦合共热解系统达到能量的自给自足，还提高了产物品质，大大增加经济效益。本发明提供的方法所采用的生物质原料来源广泛，协同处理了农林业废弃物，实现污泥与生物质两种物质的综合处置和资源化利用。
本发明中所述具体实施案例仅为本发明的优选实施案例而已，并非用来限定本发明的实施范围。即凡依本发明申请专利范围的内容所作的等效变化与修饰，都应作为本发明的技术范畴。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种污泥耦合生物质热解气化装置，其特征在于：包括进料器(1)、螺旋电机(2)、炉体电机(3)、热解气化腔(4)、螺旋推料器(5)、燃烧供热腔(6)、引风机(7)、集炭箱(8)和网状出料口(9)；所述进料器(1)出口位于螺旋推料器(5)的前端入口处，且与热解气化腔(4)相连；所述螺旋电机(2)与螺旋推料器(5)相连；所述炉体电机(3)与热解气化腔(4)炉身相连；所述热解气化腔(4)通过网状出料口(9)与燃烧供热腔(6)连通；所述燃烧供热腔(6)内壁侧面设有若干均匀分布的稳燃喷嘴(11)，所述燃烧供热腔(6)顶部内壁开有若干空气孔(10)，且外壁与引风机(7)相连；所述集炭箱(8)位于燃烧供热腔(6)下方，且与燃烧供热腔(6)通过密封壁连接，所述集炭箱(8)与热解气化腔(4)底部连接处设有开口。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的污泥耦合生物质热解气化装置，其特征在于：所述热解气化腔(4)与燃烧供热腔(6)为同心内外套筒结构，所述热解气化腔(4)的外径与燃烧供热腔(6)的外径的比例为4∶5。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的污泥耦合生物质热解气化装置，其特征在于：所述燃烧供热腔(6)顶部内壁开设的空气孔(10)的数量为4-8个，所述空气孔(10)的直径为40mm。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的污泥耦合生物质热解气化装置，其特征在于：所述网状出料口(9)由不锈钢丝网构成，网孔直径为5-10目，所述网状出料口(9)的面积与集炭箱(8)顶部开口大小相等。
  5. 一种利用权利要求1至4中任一所述装置实现的污泥耦合生物质热解气化方法，其特征在于，所述污泥耦合生物质热解气化分批次批量进行，每批次反应包括以下步骤：
    步骤1)将一批量污泥与生物质原料混合后通过进料器(1)直接加入热解气化腔(4)前部，并与螺旋推料器(5)直接接触；所述螺旋电机(2)带动螺旋推料器(5)不断旋转，推动污泥-生物质混合物向前输送并不断搅拌破碎；利用污泥中所含水分在高温贫氧环境下发生热解气化反应；
    步骤2)热解气化腔(4)中反应生成的可燃油气进入燃烧供热腔(6)内；同时空气从空气孔(10)处自然漏进燃烧供热腔(6)内，与热解气化产生的油气燃烧；所放出热量为热解气化腔(4)中后续热解气化反应供热；
    步骤3)完成热解气化反应后，启动炉体电机(3)，带动热解气化腔(4)旋转，使网状出料口(9)对准集炭箱(8)开口，污泥-生物质热解气化反应生成的炭经螺旋推料器(5)不断搅拌破碎后，通过网状出料口(9)落进集炭箱(8)。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的污泥耦合生物质热解气化方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    步骤4)炭收集完成后，再次启动炉体电机(3)，带动热解气化腔(4)旋转，使网状出料口(9)位于燃烧供热腔(6)的范围内。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的污泥耦合生物质热解气化方法，其特征在于：所述螺旋电机(2)带动螺旋推料器(5)不间断顺时针旋转；所述炉体电机(3)每次启动带动热解气化腔(4)顺时针旋转180°。
  8. 根据权利要求5所述的污泥耦合生物质热解气化方法，其特征在于：所述步骤2)中，还包括：
    通过引风机(7)调节炉内形成微负压，可燃油气及空气由气压吸入燃烧供热腔(6)中混合，在稳燃喷嘴(11)的协助下燃烧，产生的热量为后续反应供热，同时通过引风机(7)调节空气量。
  9. 根据权利要求5所述的污泥耦合生物质热解气化方法，其特征在于：所述步骤2)中，热解气化温度为600℃～800℃。
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