WO2022138188A1 - ガスバリア性積層体、包装材 - Google Patents
ガスバリア性積層体、包装材 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022138188A1 WO2022138188A1 PCT/JP2021/045262 JP2021045262W WO2022138188A1 WO 2022138188 A1 WO2022138188 A1 WO 2022138188A1 JP 2021045262 W JP2021045262 W JP 2021045262W WO 2022138188 A1 WO2022138188 A1 WO 2022138188A1
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- gas barrier
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- film
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- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
- B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D65/00—Wrappers or flexible covers; Packaging materials of special type or form
- B65D65/38—Packaging materials of special type or form
- B65D65/40—Applications of laminates for particular packaging purposes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/80—Packaging reuse or recycling, e.g. of multilayer packaging
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a gas barrier laminated body and a packaging material obtained by using the gas barrier laminated body.
- Packaging materials used for packaging foods and daily necessities are required to have functions such as strength, resistance to cracking, and gas barrier properties in order to protect the contents from impacts received during distribution, deterioration due to oxygen and moisture, and the like.
- functions such as strength, resistance to cracking, and gas barrier properties
- the non-stretched polyolefin film used for sealing by heat sealing is excellent in heat processability, but has insufficient oxygen barrier property.
- Nylon film on the other hand, has excellent gas barrier properties, but is inferior in heat seal properties.
- laminates made by laminating different types of polymer materials are widely used as packaging materials.
- a product protection function such as impact resistance and gas barrier property
- a thermoplastic plastic film as an outer layer
- a sealant function such as impact resistance and gas barrier property
- a heat as an inner layer.
- a laminate is known in which a plastic film and an adhesive are used to bond them together to form an outer layer / a printing layer / an adhesive layer (adhesive) / an inner layer.
- an adhesive used for such a laminate a two-component polyurethane-based adhesive composed of a polyol and an isocyanate is known.
- Patent Document 3 describes a transparent coating film having a thin film layer of silicon oxide or aluminum oxide formed on at least one surface of a polymer film base material, and a heat-sealing resin film.
- a barrier laminate characterized by being bonded by a dry laminating method via a barrier adhesive containing one or more particles selected from an inorganic silicon oxide or aluminum oxide material, a polyester polyol, and an isocyanate compound. , And packaging materials using it are described.
- Gas barrier properties correlate with ambient humidity, for example, olefin films have better gas barrier properties under low humidity than under high humidity, and polyethylene terephthalate rate films have better gas barrier properties under high humidity than under low humidity. Excellent. For this reason, packaging materials using films with a vapor-filmed layer of cracked metal or metal oxide may have a reduced gas barrier property due to changes in ambient humidity, and sufficient gas barrier properties can be obtained in areas with different climates. It may not be possible.
- the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and provides a laminate and a packaging material which are stable and have excellent gas barrier properties regardless of the humidity of the usage environment and even when the humidity fluctuates. With the goal.
- the present invention has a first base material, a resin layer arranged in contact with the first base material, an inorganic vapor deposition layer arranged in contact with the resin layer, and a gas barrier property arranged in contact with the inorganic vapor deposition layer.
- the present invention relates to a laminate including an adhesive layer and a resin layer having a thickness of 0.1 ⁇ m or more and 5 ⁇ m or less, and a packaging material obtained by using the laminate.
- the laminate of the present invention it is possible to stably obtain a laminate and a packaging material having excellent gas barrier properties even under high humidity.
- the laminate of the present invention is arranged in contact with the first base material, the resin layer arranged in contact with the first base material, the inorganic vapor-deposited layer arranged in contact with the resin layer, and the inorganic vapor-deposited layer. It has a gas barrier resin layer.
- the first base material can be used without particular limitation as long as it is a film or sheet having excellent chemical and physical strength (the film is also a general term for a film and a sheet unless otherwise specified below). Further, the base material may be a single-layer film or a multilayer laminated film. It can be appropriately selected according to the usage conditions such as the content and type of the packaging material described later, and the presence or absence of heat treatment after filling the content.
- the first substrate include low-density polyethylene, medium-density polyethylene, high-density polyethylene, linear (linear) low-density polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutene, polyvinyl alcohol, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, and ionomer.
- Ethylene- (meth) acrylic acid copolymer ethylene- (meth) acrylic acid ester copolymer, ethylene-propylene copolymer, methylpentene, polyacrylonitrile, acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene Polymers, polycarbonate, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC), vinylidene fluoride (PVDF), ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer (ETFE), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET) ), Resin films such as polybutylene terephthalate and polyethylene naphthalate, K-coated stretched polypropylene films, K-coated stretched nylon films, and composite films in which two or more of these films are laminated are exemplified, but not limited thereto.
- uniaxial or biaxially stretched polyester film such as polyethylene terephthalate and polyethylene naphthalate
- uniaxial or biaxially stretched polyamide film such as nylon 6, nylon 66 and MXD6 (polymethoxylylen adipamide)
- biaxially stretched polypropylene film Etc. can be preferably used.
- the film thickness of the film is not particularly limited, and may be appropriately selected in the range of 1 to 300 ⁇ m from the viewpoint of moldability and transparency. It is preferably in the range of 1 to 100 ⁇ m. If it is less than 1 ⁇ m, the strength is insufficient, and if it exceeds 300 ⁇ m, the rigidity becomes too high and processing may become difficult.
- the first base material used some surface treatment, such as corona discharge treatment, ozone treatment, low temperature plasma treatment using oxygen gas or nitrogen gas, physical treatment such as glow discharge treatment, and chemicals. It may be subjected to chemical treatment such as oxidation treatment or other treatment. If the adhesion between the first base material and the resin layer described later is poor, a coat layer may be provided using a primer. Conventionally known primers can be used as the primer.
- the first base material is manufactured by a conventionally known film-forming method such as an extrusion method, a cast molding method, a T-die method, a cutting method, an inflation method, etc., using one or more of the above-mentioned resins, for example. can do.
- a film-forming method such as an extrusion method, a cast molding method, a T-die method, a cutting method, an inflation method, etc.
- it can be produced by a multi-layer co-extrusion film forming method using two or more kinds of resins selected from the above-mentioned resins.
- the film may be stretched in the uniaxial or biaxial direction by using a tenter method, a tubular method, or the like.
- the first base material may contain additives as needed. Specifically, the workability, heat resistance, weather resistance, mechanical properties, dimensional stability, antioxidant properties, slipperiness, mold releasability, flame retardancy, antifungal properties, electrical properties, strength, etc. have been improved.
- plastic compounding agents such as lubricants, cross-linking agents, antioxidants, ultraviolet absorbers, light stabilizers, fillers, reinforcing agents, antistatic agents, pigments and the like can be added.
- the amount of the additive added should be adjusted within a range that does not affect other performance.
- the resin layer is provided on the first substrate by laminating, co-extruding, spraying, vapor deposition, or coating.
- the resin used for forming the resin layer include polyester, polyurethane, polyamide, ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl chloride, acrylic resin, polyalkylimine, acid-modified olefin resin, and the like. Two or more types can be used in combination. Of these, it is preferable to use either or both of an ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer and polyvinyl alcohol.
- the ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer can be obtained by hydrolyzing a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl ester.
- Vinyl esters include vinyl formate, vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, vinyl butyrate, vinyl isobutyrate, vinyl pivalate, vinyl versatic acid, vinyl caproate, vinyl caprylate, vinyl laurate, vinyl palmitate, vinyl stearate, etc. Examples thereof include vinyl oleate and vinyl benzoate, and one type or a combination of two or more types can be used. It is preferable to use vinyl acetate.
- the content of ethylene unit in the ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer is preferably 20 mol% or more and 60 mol% or less. If it is less than 20 mol%, the bending resistance, the viscosity stability, and the thermal stability at the time of melt molding tend to decrease. If it exceeds 60 mol%, the gas barrier property tends to decrease.
- ethylene and vinyl esters such as propene, 1-butene, isobutylene, 1,3-butadiene, isopropenyl acetate, 2-propenyl acetate, styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, vinyl chloride, acrylonitrile, maleic anhydride, acrylic acid Copolymerization of methyl, methyl methacrylate, N-vinyl-N-methylformamide, vinylacetamide, N-vinylformamide, hydroxyethyl N- (hydroxymethyl) -N-vinylformamide acrylate, methylvinylketone, diacetoneacrylamide, etc.
- the degree of saponification of the ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer is preferably 90 mol% or more, preferably 95 mol% or more, because it is excellent in gas barrier property, viscosity stability, thermal stability during melt molding, moisture resistance, and the like. Is more preferable. It may be completely saponified.
- the degree of saponification can be measured by FTIR using, for example, a Nicolet 5700 FTIR spectrometer controlled by OMNIC software.
- the melting point of the ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer is preferably less than 180 ° C, preferably 130 ° C or higher.
- the glass transition temperature is preferably 45 ° C. or higher and 65 ° C. or lower.
- Polyvinyl alcohol can be obtained by hydrolyzing a vinyl ester copolymer as described above.
- the degree of saponification is preferably 90 mol% or more, and more preferably 95 mol% or more. It may be completely saponified.
- the melting point of polyvinyl alcohol is preferably 200 ° C. or higher.
- the glass transition temperature of polyvinyl alcohol is preferably 65 ° C. or higher and 85 ° C. or lower.
- the glass transition temperature and melting point of ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer and polyvinyl alcohol are measured as follows. Using a differential scanning calorimetry device (DSC-7000 manufactured by SII Nanotechnology Co., Ltd., hereinafter referred to as DSC), raise 5 mg of the sample from 30 ° C to 10 ° C / min under a nitrogen stream of 20 mL / min to T1 ° C. After warming, hold for 10 minutes, then cool to T 2 ° C at 10 ° C / min to remove thermal history.
- DSC-7000 differential scanning calorimetry device
- the temperature was raised again to T 3 ° C at 10 ° C / min to measure the DSC curve, and the baseline on the low temperature side in the measurement results observed in the second temperature raising step was measured.
- the intersection of the straight line extended to the high temperature side and the tangent line drawn at the point where the slope of the curve of the stepped portion of the glass transition is maximized is defined as the glass transition point, and the temperature at this time is defined as the glass transition temperature.
- the maximum peak temperature of the endothermic curve observed in the second temperature raising step is defined as the melting point.
- T 2 is sufficiently lower than the glass transition temperature of the sample, and T 1 and T 3 are temperatures at least 30 ° C. or higher above the melting point of the sample.
- T 1 is 200 ° C.
- T 2 is ⁇ 80 ° C.
- T 3 is 200 ° C., which are appropriately adjusted according to the sample to be measured.
- the film thickness of the resin layer is 0.1 ⁇ m or more. It is more preferably 0.3 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 0.4 ⁇ m or more, and more preferably 0.5 ⁇ m or more because the smoothness of the resin layer on the inorganic vapor deposition layer side is improved and the gas barrier property is less likely to be lowered. Is more preferable.
- the upper limit is not particularly limited, but as the film thickness of the resin layer becomes thicker, the synergistic effect with the gas barrier adhesive described later becomes saturated. Therefore, as an example, it is 5 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 3 ⁇ m or less, and 1.5 ⁇ m. The following is more preferable.
- the surface of the resin layer (the surface in contact with the inorganic vapor deposition layer described later) is physically subjected to some surface treatment such as corona discharge treatment, ozone treatment, low temperature plasma treatment using oxygen gas or nitrogen gas, glow discharge treatment, etc. Treatment, chemical treatment such as oxidation treatment using chemicals, and other treatments may be performed.
- some surface treatment such as corona discharge treatment, ozone treatment, low temperature plasma treatment using oxygen gas or nitrogen gas, glow discharge treatment, etc.
- Treatment, chemical treatment such as oxidation treatment using chemicals, and other treatments may be performed.
- the inorganic vapor deposition layer is a layer having a gas barrier property that prevents the permeation of oxygen gas and water vapor gas, and is a vapor deposition layer made of an inorganic substance or an inorganic oxide.
- the inorganic substance or the inorganic oxide include aluminum, alumina, silica and the like, and these may be used alone, or two or more kinds may be used in combination as in the case of binary vapor deposition of silica and alumina.
- Two or more inorganic vapor deposition layers may be provided. When two or more inorganic vapor deposition layers are provided, they may have the same composition or different compositions. From the viewpoint of gas barrier property, it is preferable to use aluminum.
- the inorganic vapor deposition layer can be provided on the above-mentioned resin layer by a conventionally known method.
- the method for forming the inorganic vapor deposition layer include a physical vapor deposition method (PVD method) such as a vacuum vapor deposition method, a sputtering method, and an ion plating method, a plasma chemical vapor deposition method, and heat.
- PVD method physical vapor deposition method
- CVD method Chemical Vapor Deposition method
- the film thickness of the inorganic thin-film deposition layer is preferably 1 to 200 nm.
- the film thickness is more preferably 1 to 100 nm, more preferably 15 to 60 nm, and even more preferably 10 to 40 nm.
- the inorganic vapor deposition layer is a silica or alumina vapor deposition layer, the film thickness is preferably 1 to 100 nm, more preferably 10 to 50 nm, and even more preferably 20 to 30 nm.
- the gas barrier adhesive layer is a cured coating film of a gas barrier adhesive, and is a layer for laminating an inorganic vapor-deposited layer and another layer.
- the gas barrier adhesive layer is arranged in contact with the inorganic vapor deposition layer.
- the gas barrier adhesive is a coating film coated at 3 g / m 2 (solid content) having an oxygen barrier property of 300 cc / m 2 / day / atm or less at 23 ° C. and 0% RH, or water vapor.
- Gas barrier adhesives preferably used in the present invention include a polyol composition (X) containing at least one of the following polyester polyols (A) (A1) to (A3), and at least two isocyanate groups in one molecule.
- a polyol composition (X) containing at least one of the following polyester polyols (A) (A1) to (A3), and at least two isocyanate groups in one molecule.
- examples thereof include a two-component adhesive comprising a polyisocyanate composition (Y) containing a compound having a above (hereinafter, also simply referred to as an isocyanate compound (B)).
- Polyester polyol (A1) obtained by polycondensing a polyvalent carboxylic acid containing an ortho-oriented polyvalent carboxylic acid and a polyhydric alcohol.
- Polyester polyol having an isocyanul ring (A2) (3) Polyester polyol having a polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond (A3)
- Examples of the ortho-orientation polyvalent carboxylic acid used for the synthesis of the polyester polyol (A1) include orthophthalic acid or an acid anhydride thereof, naphthalene 2,3-dicarboxylic acid or an acid anhydride thereof, naphthalene 1,2-dicarboxylic acid or its acid anhydride. Examples thereof include acid anhydride, anthraquinone 2,3-dicarboxylic acid or an acid anhydride thereof, and 2,3-anthracenecarboxylic acid or an acid anhydride thereof. These compounds may have a substituent on any carbon atom of the aromatic ring.
- Examples of the substituent include a chloro group, a bromo group, a methyl group, an ethyl group, an i-propyl group, a hydroxyl group, a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, a phenoxy group, a methylthio group, a phenylthio group, a cyano group, a nitro group and an amino group.
- substituent include a phthalimide group, a carboxyl group, a carbamoyl group, an N-ethylcarbamoyl group, a phenyl group or a naphthyl group.
- the polyvalent carboxylic acid used for the synthesis of the polyester polyol (A1) may contain a polyvalent carboxylic acid other than the ortho-oriented polyvalent carboxylic acid.
- examples of the polyvalent carboxylic acid other than the ortho-oriented polyvalent carboxylic acid include aliphatic polyvalent carboxylic acids such as succinic acid, adipic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid and dodecandicarboxylic acid; maleic anhydride, maleic acid, fumaric acid and the like.
- the ratio of the ortho-oriented polyvalent carboxylic acid to the total amount of the polyvalent carboxylic acid is preferably 40 to 100% by mass. ..
- the polyhydric alcohol used for the synthesis of the polyester polyol (A1) preferably contains at least one selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, and cyclohexanedimethanol, and ethylene glycol is preferably used. It is more preferable to include it.
- the polyhydric alcohol may be used in combination with a polyhydric alcohol other than the above, for example, 1,5-pentanediol, 3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, methylpentanediol, dimethylbutanediol.
- Butylethyl propanediol diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, tripropylene glycol and other aliphatic diols; glycerin, trimethylolpropane, trimethylolethane, tris (2-hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate, 1 , 2,4-Butantriol, pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol and other trihydric polyhydric alcohols, hydroquinone, resorcinol, catechol, naphthalenediol, biphenol, bisphenol A, hisphenol F, tetramethylbiphenol and these.
- Examples of the ethylene oxide extension product, aromatic polyhydric phenol such as hydrogenated alicyclic group, and the like can be exemplified.
- polyester polyol (A1) has three or more hydroxyl groups (referred to as polyester polyol (a1) for convenience), a part of the hydroxyl groups may be modified with an acid group.
- a polyester polyol will also be referred to as a polyester polyol (A1') below.
- the polyester polyol (A1') is obtained by reacting the polyester polyol (a1) with a polyvalent carboxylic acid or an acid anhydride thereof.
- the ratio of the hydroxyl group modified with the polyvalent carboxylic acid is preferably 1/3 or less of the hydroxyl group contained in the polyester polyol (a1).
- Polyvalent carboxylic acids used for modification include succinic anhydride, maleic acid, maleic anhydride, fumaric acid, 1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid anhydride, 4-cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid anhydride, and 5-norbornene.
- Examples thereof include, but are not limited to, -2,3-dicarboxylic acid anhydride, phthalic anhydride, 2,3-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid anhydride, trimellitic acid anhydride, oleic acid, and sorbic acid.
- the polyester polyol (A2) is obtained, for example, by reacting a triol having an isocyanul ring with a polyvalent carboxylic acid containing an ortho-oriented aromatic polyvalent carboxylic acid and a polyhydric alcohol.
- a triol having an isocyanul ring examples include alkylene oxide adducts of isocyanuric acid such as 1,3,5-tris (2-hydroxyethyl) isocyanuric acid and 1,3,5-tris (2-hydroxypropyl) isocyanuric acid. And so on.
- the ortho-oriented aromatic polyvalent carboxylic acid, polyvalent carboxylic acid, and polyhydric alcohol the same ones as those of the polyester polyol (A1) can be used.
- triol compound having an isocyanul ring 1,3,5-tris (2-hydroxyethyl) isocyanuric acid or 1,3,5-tris (2-hydroxypropyl) isocyanuric acid is preferably used.
- ortho-oriented aromatic polyvalent carboxylic acid it is preferable to use orthophthalic acid anhydride. It is preferable to use ethylene glycol as the polyhydric alcohol.
- the polyester polyol (A3) is obtained by using a component having a polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond as a polyvalent carboxylic acid and a polyhydric alcohol.
- Examples of the polyvalent carboxylic acid having a polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond include maleic anhydride, maleic acid, fumaric acid, 4-cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid and its acid anhydride, and 3-methyl-4-cyclohexene. Examples thereof include -1,2-dicarboxylic acid and its acid anhydride.
- Maleic anhydride, maleic acid, and fumaric acid are preferable because it is presumed that the smaller the number of carbon atoms is, the less flexible the molecular chain is and the more difficult it is for oxygen to permeate.
- Examples of the polyhydric alcohol having a polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond include 2-butene-1,4-diol and the like.
- a polyvalent carboxylic acid or a polyhydric alcohol having no polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond may be used in combination.
- a polyvalent carboxylic acid and a polyhydric alcohol the same ones as those of the polyester polyols (A1) and (A2) can be used.
- the polyvalent carboxylic acid it is preferable to use at least one selected from the group consisting of succinic acid, 1,3-cyclopentanedicarboxylic acid, orthophthalic acid, acid anhydride of orthophthalic acid, and isophthalic acid, and orthophthalic acid and its acid anhydride. It is more preferable to use at least one of.
- polyhydric alcohol it is preferable to use at least one selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, and cyclohexanedimethanol, and it is more preferable to use ethylene guclikol.
- the hydroxyl value of the polyester polyol (A) is preferably 20 mgKOH / g or more and 250 mgKOH / g or less.
- the hydroxyl value is smaller than 20 mgKOH / g, the viscosity of the polyol composition (A) becomes high because the molecular weight is too large, and it is necessary to raise the coating temperature when applied as a solvent-free adhesive, for example.
- the hydroxyl value exceeds 250 mgKOH / g, the crosslink density of the cured coating film becomes too high, and the adhesive strength may decrease.
- the acid value is preferably 200 mgKOH / g or less.
- the acid value exceeds 200 mgKOH / g, the reaction between the polyol composition (X) and the polyisocyanate composition (Y) becomes too fast, and the coatability may decrease.
- the lower limit of the acid value is not particularly limited, but as an example, it is 20 mgKOH / g or more.
- the acid value is 20 mgKOH / g or more, good gas barrier properties and initial cohesive force can be obtained by the interaction between molecules.
- the hydroxyl value of the polyester polyol (A) can be measured by the hydroxyl value measuring method described in JIS-K0070, and the acid value can be measured by the acid value measuring method described in JIS-K0070.
- the number average molecular weight of the polyester polyol (A) is 300 to 5000 because a crosslink density that is excellent in the balance between adhesiveness and gas barrier property can be obtained. More preferably, the number average molecular weight is 350 to 3000. The number average molecular weight is calculated from the obtained hydroxyl group value and the number of functional groups of the designed hydroxyl group.
- the glass transition temperature of the polyester polyol (A) is preferably ⁇ 30 ° C. or higher and 80 ° C. or lower, more preferably 0 ° C. or higher and 60 ° C. or lower, from the viewpoint of the balance between the adhesion to the substrate and the gas barrier property, 25. It is more preferably ° C. or higher and 60 ° C. or lower.
- the polyester polyol (A) may be a polyester polyurethane polyol having a number average molecular weight of 1000 to 15000 by urethane elongation of polyester polyols (A1) to (A3) by reaction with a diisocyanate compound. Since the urethane-extended polyester polyol has a molecular weight component having a certain weight or more and a urethane bond, it has an excellent gas barrier property, an excellent initial cohesive force, and an excellent adhesive for laminating.
- the isocyanate compound (B) conventionally known ones can be used without particular limitation, and tetramethylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, toluene diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, hydrogenated diphenylmethane diisocyanate, xylylene diisocyanate, hydride xylylene diisocyanate, Isophorone diisocyanates or trimerics of these isocyanate compounds, and excess amounts of these isocyanate compounds, such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, metaxylylene alcohol, 1,3-bishydroxyethylbenzene, 1,4-bishydroxyethylbenzene, Low molecular weight active hydrogen compounds such as trimethylolpropane, glycerol, pent
- polyester polyols (A1) to (A3) examples thereof include an adduct body obtained by reacting with a high molecular weight active hydrogen compound of polyols and polyamides.
- blocked isocyanate may be used as the isocyanate compound.
- the isocyanate blocking agent include phenols such as phenol, thiophenol, methylthiophenol, ethylthiophenol, cresol, xylenol, resorcinol, nitrophenol, and chlorophenol, acetoxime, methylethylketooxime, cyclohexanone oxime, and methanol.
- Alcohols such as ethanol, propanol and butanol, halogen-substituted alcohols such as ethylene chlorhydrin and 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol, tertiary alcohols such as t-butanol and t-pentanol, ⁇ - Examples include lactams such as caprolactam, ⁇ -valerolactam, ⁇ -butyrolactam, ⁇ -propyrolactam, and other active methylene compounds such as aromatic amines, imides, acetylacetone, acetoacetic acid ester, and malonic acid ethyl ester. , Mercaptans, imines, ureas, diaryl compounds, sodium bicarbonate and the like.
- the blocked isocyanate is obtained by subjecting the above-mentioned isocyanate compound and an isocyanate blocking agent to an addition reaction by an appropriate method known and commonly used.
- an isocyanate compound having a skeleton derived from xylylene diisocyanate, hydrogenated xylylene diisocyanate, toluene diisocyanate, and diphenylmethane diisocyanate because good gas barrier properties can be obtained.
- an isocyanate compound examples include a trimer of diisocyanate, a burette compound synthesized by a reaction with an amine, and an adduct compound formed by a reaction with an alcohol.
- the adhesive is a solvent type
- an adduct formed by reacting with an alcohol appropriately selected from the above low-molecular-weight active hydrogen compounds can be used, and among them, ethylene oxide adduct of trimethylolpropane, glycerol, triethanolamine, and m-xylylenediamine can be used.
- An adduct body with an object is preferable.
- the polyisocyanate composition (Y) contains an epoxy compound. It may be included.
- the epoxy compound include bisphenol A diglycidyl ether and its oligomer, hydride bisphenol A diglycidyl ether and its oligomer, orthophthalic acid diglycidyl ester, isophthalic acid diglycidyl ester, terephthalic acid diglycidyl ester, and p-oxybenzoic acid di.
- Glycidyl ester tetrahydrophthalic acid diglycidyl ester, hexahydrophthalic acid diglycidyl ester, succinic acid diglycidyl ester, adipic acid diglycidyl ester, sebacic acid diglycidyl ester, ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, propylene glycol diglycidyl ether, 1 , 4-butanediol diglycidyl ether, 1,6-hexanediol diglycidyl ether and polyalkylene glycol diglycidyl ethers, trimellitic acid triglycidyl ester, triglycidyl isocyanurate, 1,4-diglycidyloxybenzene, diglycidyl Examples thereof include propylene urea, glycerol triglycidyl ether, trimethylol ethane triglycidyl ether, trimethylol propane triglycid
- epoxy curing accelerator When an epoxy compound is used, a widely known epoxy curing accelerator may be appropriately added for the purpose of accelerating curing as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired.
- composition (X) When a composition containing a polyol having a polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond such as the polyester polyol (A3) is used as the polyol composition (X), in order to promote the polymerization of the carbon-carbon double bond.
- a known polymerization catalyst can be used in combination, and an example thereof is a transition metal complex.
- the transition metal complex is not particularly limited as long as it is a compound having an ability to oxidatively polymerize a polymerizable double bond.
- metals such as cobalt, manganese, lead, calcium, cerium, zirconium, zinc, iron, copper, octyl acid, naphthenic acid, neodecanoic acid, stearic acid, resin acid, tall oil fatty acid, tung oil fatty acid, linseed oil fatty acid, A salt with soybean oil fatty acid or the like can be used.
- the blending amount of the transition metal complex is preferably 0 to 10 parts by mass, more preferably 0 to 3 parts by mass with respect to the resin solid content contained in the polyol composition (X).
- the equivalent ratio of the hydroxyl group contained in the polyol composition (X) to the isocyanate group contained in the polyisocyanate composition (Y) is 1/0. It is preferable to mix it so as to be 5 to 1/10, and more preferably to mix it so as to be 1/1 to 1/5. If the isocyanate compound is excessive, the excess isocyanate compound remaining in the cured coating film of the adhesive may bleed out from the adhesive layer. On the other hand, if the reactive functional group contained in the polyisocyanate composition (Y) is insufficient, the adhesive strength may be insufficient.
- the gas barrier adhesive may contain various additives as long as the adhesiveness and the gas barrier property are not impaired.
- Inorganic filler may be used as such an additive.
- the inorganic filler include silica, alumina, aluminum flakes, glass flakes and the like.
- Plate-like inorganic compounds include hydrous silicate (phyllosilicate minerals, etc.), kaolinite-serpentine clay minerals (halosite, kaolinite, enderite, dikite, naphthyl, etc., antigolite, chrysotile, etc.), pyrophylli.
- Light-Tark (pyrophyllite, talc, kerolai, etc.), smectite clay minerals (montmorillonite, biderite, nontronite, saponite, hectrite, soconite, stibnsite, etc.), vermiculite clay minerals (vermiculite, etc.), mica or Mica clay minerals (white mica, gold mica and other mica, margarite, tetrasilic mica, teniolite, etc.), green mudstones (cookate, sudoite, clinochloa, chamosite, nimite, etc.), hydrotalcite, plate-like sulfuric acid Examples include barium, boehmite, and aluminum polyphosphate. These minerals may be natural clay minerals or synthetic clay minerals. The plate-like inorganic compound may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the plate-like inorganic compound may be an ionic compound having an electric charge between layers, or a nonionic compound having no electric charge.
- the presence or absence of charge between layers does not directly affect the gas barrier property of the adhesive layer.
- ionic plate-like inorganic compounds and inorganic compounds that have swelling properties with respect to water are inferior in dispersibility in solvent-type adhesives, and if the amount added is increased, they may thicken with the adhesive or become thixotropic. Therefore, the coating suitability may decrease. Therefore, the plate-like inorganic compound is preferably nonionic without interlayer electrification.
- the average particle size of the plate-shaped inorganic compound is not particularly limited, but as an example, it is preferably 0.1 ⁇ m or more, and more preferably 1 ⁇ m or more. If it is smaller than 0.1 ⁇ m, the detour route of oxygen molecules does not become long, and improvement of gas barrier property cannot be expected sufficiently.
- the upper limit of the average particle size is not particularly limited, but if the particle size is too large, defects such as streaks may occur on the coated surface depending on the coating method. Therefore, as an example, the average particle size is preferably 100 ⁇ m or less, and preferably 20 ⁇ m or less.
- the average particle size of the plate-shaped inorganic compound means the particle size having the highest frequency of appearance when the particle size distribution of the plate-shaped inorganic compound is measured by a light scattering type measuring device.
- the aspect ratio of the plate-like inorganic compound is preferably high in order to improve the gas barrier property due to the maze effect of oxygen. Specifically, it is preferably 3 or more, more preferably 10 or more, and most preferably 40 or more.
- the blending amount of the plate-shaped inorganic compound is arbitrary, but as an example, when the total mass of the solid content of the polyol composition (X), the polyisocyanate composition (Y), and the plate-shaped inorganic compound is 100 mass, the plate-shaped inorganic compound is formed.
- the blending amount of the inorganic compound is 5 to 50 parts by mass.
- the gas barrier adhesive may contain an adhesion promoter.
- the adhesion accelerator include a silane coupling agent such as a hydrolyzable alkoxysilane compound, a titanate-based coupling agent, an aluminum-based coupling agent, and an epoxy resin. Silane coupling agents and titanate-based coupling agents can be expected to have the effect of improving the adhesiveness to various film materials.
- the gas barrier adhesive may contain a known acid anhydride.
- the acid anhydride include phthalic acid anhydride, succinic acid anhydride, het acid anhydride, hymic acid anhydride, maleic acid anhydride, tetrahydrophthalic acid anhydride, hexahydraphthalic acid anhydride, and tetrapromphthalic acid.
- a compound or the like having an oxygen trapping function may be further added.
- the compound having an oxygen trapping function include low molecular weight organic compounds that react with oxygen such as hindered phenols, vitamin C, vitamin E, organic phosphorus compounds, gallic acid, and pyrogallol, and cobalt, manganese, nickel, and iron.
- examples thereof include transition metal compounds such as copper.
- the gas barrier adhesive may contain a compound represented by the following general formula (1) or (2).
- R 1 to R 3 are a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, a (meth) acryloyl group, a phenyl group which may have a substituent, and a (meth) acryloyloxy group. It is a group selected from an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms having a hydrogen atom, at least one of which is a hydrogen atom, and n represents an integer of 1 to 4).
- R 4 to R 5 are a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, a (meth) acryloyl group, a phenyl group which may have a substituent, and a (meth) acryloyloxy group. It is a group selected from an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, where m and l are integers of 1 to 4, p is an integer of 0 to 30, q is an integer of 0 to 30, and p and q are. Except when both are 0.)
- Specific examples of the compounds represented by the above general formulas (1) and (2) include phosphoric acid, pyrophosphate, triphosphate, methyl acid phosphate, ethyl acid phosphate, butyl acid phosphate, dibutyl phosphate and 2-ethylhexyl acid phosphate. , Bis (2-ethylhexyl) phosphate, isododecyl acid phosphate, butoxyethyl acid phosphate, oleyl acid phosphate, tetracosyl acid phosphate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate acid phosphate, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether phosphate and the like.
- the blending amount of the compound represented by the general formula (1) or (2) is preferably 0.005 to 10% by mass, preferably 0.01 to 1% by mass, based on the total solid content of the gas barrier adhesive. It is more preferable to have.
- a tackifier such as xylene resin, terpene resin, phenol resin, rosin resin may be added as needed.
- the blending amount thereof is preferably in the range of 0.01 to 5 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total solid content of the polyol composition (X) and the polyisocyanate composition (Y).
- active energy rays can also be used as a method for reacting the polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond.
- a known technique can be used as the active energy ray, and it can be cured by irradiating it with ionizing radiation such as an electron beam, ultraviolet rays, or ⁇ -rays.
- ionizing radiation such as an electron beam, ultraviolet rays, or ⁇ -rays.
- a known ultraviolet irradiation device equipped with a high-pressure mercury lamp, an excimer lamp, a metal halide lamp, or the like can be used.
- a light (polymerization) initiator that generates radicals or the like by irradiation with ultraviolet rays is added to 100 parts by mass of the polyester polyol (A2). It is preferable to add to some extent.
- Radical-generating photo (polymerization) initiators include hydrogen abstraction types such as benzyl, benzophenone, Michler's ketone, 2-chlorothioxanthone, and 2,4-diethylthioxanthone, and benzoin ethyl ether, diethoxyacetophenone, benzylmethylketal, and hydroxy.
- examples thereof include photocleavable types such as cyclohexylphenyl ketone and 2-hydroxy-2-methylphenyl ketone. Among these, one can be used alone or a plurality of them can be used in combination.
- the gas barrier adhesive may contain a stabilizer (antioxidant, heat stabilizer, ultraviolet absorber, etc.), a plasticizer, an antistatic agent, a lubricant, an antiblocking agent, a colorant, a crystal nucleating agent, and the like. ..
- a stabilizer antioxidant, heat stabilizer, ultraviolet absorber, etc.
- plasticizer an antistatic agent, a lubricant, an antiblocking agent, a colorant, a crystal nucleating agent, and the like. ..
- the gas barrier adhesive used in the present invention may be in either a solvent type or a solventless type.
- the solvent-based adhesive is a method in which an adhesive is applied to a base material, then heated in an oven or the like to volatilize the organic solvent in the coating film, and then bonded to another base material, so-called dry. A form used in the laminating method.
- the solvent used examples include toluene, xylene, methylene chloride, tetrahydrofuran, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, n-propyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), cyclohexanone, toluol, xylol, n-hexane, cyclohexane and the like.
- MEK methyl ethyl ketone
- One or both of the polyol composition (X) and the polyisocyanate composition (Y) contains the above-mentioned organic solvent.
- the solvent used as the reaction medium in the production of the constituent components of the polyol composition (X) or the polyisocyanate composition (Y) may be further used as a diluent during painting.
- the solvent-free adhesive is used in the so-called non-solvent laminating method, which is a method in which an adhesive is applied to a base material and then bonded to another base material without heating in an oven or the like to volatilize the solvent.
- non-solvent laminating method is a method in which an adhesive is applied to a base material and then bonded to another base material without heating in an oven or the like to volatilize the solvent.
- Neither the polyol composition (X) nor the polyisocyanate composition (Y) is substantially free of the organic solvents described above.
- the constituent components of the polyol composition (X) or the polyisocyanate composition (Y) and the organic solvent used as the reaction medium in the production of the raw material thereof could not be completely removed, and the polyol composition (X) or the polyisocyanate composition ( When a small amount of organic solvent remains in Y), it is understood that the organic solvent is not substantially contained.
- the polyol composition (X) contains a low molecular weight alcohol
- the low molecular weight alcohol reacts with the polyisocyanate composition (Y) and becomes a part of the coating film, so that it is not necessary to volatilize after coating. Therefore, such a form is also treated as a solvent-free adhesive.
- the gas barrier adhesive is a solvent type
- the gas barrier adhesive is applied to either the inorganic vapor deposition layer or the printing layer described later using a roll such as a gravure roll, and the organic solvent is applied by heating in an oven or the like. After volatilizing, the other is bonded to obtain the laminate of the present invention. It is preferable to perform an aging treatment after laminating.
- the aging temperature is preferably room temperature to 80 ° C., and the aging time is preferably 12 to 240 hours.
- the gas barrier adhesive is a solvent-free type
- a gas barrier adhesive that has been preheated to about 40 ° C to 100 ° C is applied to either the inorganic vapor deposition layer or the printing layer using a roll such as a gravure roll. Immediately after that, the other is bonded to obtain the laminate of the present invention. It is preferable to perform an aging treatment after laminating.
- the aging temperature is preferably room temperature to 70 ° C., and the aging time is preferably 6 to 240 hours.
- the amount of the gas barrier adhesive applied is adjusted as appropriate.
- the solid content is adjusted to be 1 g / m 2 or more and 10 g / m 2 or less, preferably 1 g / m 2 or more and 5 g / m 2 or less.
- the amount of the adhesive applied is, for example, 1 g / m 2 or more and 10 g / m 2 or less, preferably 1 g / m 2 or more and 5 g / m 2 or less.
- the laminate of the present invention may contain other layers, if necessary, in addition to the above-mentioned structure.
- An embodiment of the laminate of the present invention (hereinafter, also referred to as a first embodiment) is shown in FIG.
- the laminate has a first base material layer, a resin layer, an inorganic thin-film deposition layer, and a gas barrier adhesive layer, and further, a heat seal layer is provided on a surface opposite to the resin layer of the first base material.
- the sealant layer in the first embodiment is a layer containing a heat-sealing resin that can be fused to each other by heat. In order to distinguish it from the sealant layer in other embodiments, the sealant layer in the first embodiment will be referred to as the sealant layer (1) below.
- the sealant layer (1) is formed by applying a heat-sealing agent containing a heat-sealing resin and a solvent to a first base material and drying the solvent.
- heat-sealing resin examples include celacs, rosins, rosin-modified maleic acid resins, rosin-modified phenolic resins, nitrified cotton, cellulose acetate, cellulose acetylpropionate, cellulose acetylbutyrate, rubber chloride, and cyclized rubber.
- thermoplastic resins such as resins, urethane resins, ethylene-vinyl alcohol resins, styrene maleic acid resins, caseins, and alkyd resins, and these may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the type in which these resins are dissolved in an organic solvent the type in which they are dissolved in water or an aqueous organic solvent, or an acrylic emulsion, a urethane emulsion, a polyvinyl alcohol resin, an ethylene-vinyl alcohol emulsion, or an ethylene- Any form may be used, such as an emulsion type in which a methacrylic acid-based emulsion, a polyolefin-based emulsion, an ethylene vinyl acetate-based emulsion, or the like is dispersed in water or an aqueous organic solvent.
- the organic solvent is not particularly limited, but is, for example, aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene, xylene, sorbesso # 100 and sorbesso # 150, aliphatic hydrocarbons such as hexane, heptane, octane and decane, methyl acetate and acetic acid.
- aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene, xylene, sorbesso # 100 and sorbesso # 150
- aliphatic hydrocarbons such as hexane, heptane, octane and decane, methyl acetate and acetic acid.
- ester-based organic solvents such as ethyl, isopropyl acetate, butyl acetate, amyl acetate, ethyl formate, and butyl propionate.
- aqueous organic solvent examples include alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propanol and butanol, ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone and cyclohaxanone, ethylene glycol (mono, di) methyl ether, ethylene glycol (mono, di) ethyl ether and ethylene.
- Glycol monopropyl ether ethylene glycol monoisopropyl ether, monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol (mono, di) methyl ether, diethylene glycol (mono, di) ethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoisopropyl ether, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, triethylene glycol (mono, di) methyl
- glycol ethers such as ether, propylene glycol (mono, di) methyl ether, propylene glycol monopropyl ether, propylene glycol monobutyl ether, and dipropylene glycol (mono, di) methyl ether.
- the heat-sealing agent may contain components other than the heat-sealing resin and the solvent.
- components include waxes, fillers, defoamers, viscosity modifiers, leveling agents, tackifiers, preservatives, antibacterial agents, rust inhibitors, antioxidants and the like.
- a known method can be used as the method for applying the heat sealant.
- Machines can be used.
- a drying step may be provided in an oven or the like after coating.
- the film thickness of the heat seal layer (coating amount (solid content) of the heat sealant) may be arbitrary, and as an example, it is more preferably 5 to 10 g / m 2 than 2 to 12 g / m 2 .
- the second base material layer As the second base material layer, a film similar to that used for the first base material layer can be used.
- the printing layer is a layer on which characters, figures, symbols, and other desired patterns are printed on the surface of the second base material layer on the gas barrier adhesive layer side using liquid ink.
- liquid ink is a general term for solvent-based inks used for gravure printing or flexographic printing. It may be a so-called clear ink containing a resin, a colorant and a solvent as essential components, or a so-called clear ink containing the resin and the solvent and substantially free of the colorant.
- the printed layer may be provided on the entire surface of the second base material on the gas barrier adhesive layer side, or may be provided only on a part of the printed layer. The printed layer is bonded to the inorganic vapor-filmed layer via the above-mentioned gas barrier adhesive layer.
- the resin used for the liquid ink is not particularly limited, and for example, acrylic resin, polyester resin, styrene resin, styrene-maleic acid resin, maleic acid resin, polyamide resin, polyurethane resin, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer resin, etc.
- Colorants used in liquid inks include titanium oxide, petals, antimony red, cadmium red, cadmium yellow, cobalt blue, navy blue, ultramarine, carbon black, graphite and other inorganic pigments, soluble azo pigments, insoluble azo pigments, and azo lakes.
- examples thereof include pigments, condensed azo pigments, copper phthalocyanine pigments, organic pigments such as condensed polycyclic pigments, and extender pigments such as calcium carbonate, cadmium, barium sulfate, aluminum hydroxide, and talc.
- the organic solvent used for the liquid ink preferably does not contain an aromatic hydrocarbon-based organic solvent. More specifically, alcohol-based organic solvents such as methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol and butanol, ketone-based organic solvents such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone and methyl isobutyl ketone, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, butyl acetate and the like.
- alcohol-based organic solvents such as methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol and butanol
- ketone-based organic solvents such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone and methyl isobutyl ketone, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, butyl acetate and the like.
- Ester-based organic solvents aliphatic hydrocarbon-based organic solvents such as n-hexane, n-heptane, and n-octane, and alicyclic hydrocarbon-based organic solvents such as cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, ethylcyclohexane, cycloheptane, and cyclooctane. Etc., and one type or a combination of two or more types can be used.
- a vapor deposition layer of silica, alumina, or an inorganic oxide obtained by binary vapor deposition thereof may be provided directly on the second substrate or via a primer layer.
- a gas barrier coat layer may be provided on the vapor-filmed layer of the inorganic oxide. Conventionally known ones can be used as the primer layer, the vapor-deposited layer of the inorganic oxide, and the gas barrier coat layer.
- the print layer may be omitted.
- the printed layer may be provided on the surface of the second base material layer opposite to the gas barrier adhesive layer.
- the second base material may be in direct contact with the gas barrier adhesive layer, or between the second base material and the gas barrier adhesive layer, either an inorganic oxide vapor-deposited layer or a gas barrier coat layer, or Both may be provided.
- the vapor-filmed layer of the inorganic oxide is provided, it may be provided directly on the second substrate or may be provided via a primer.
- FIG. 1 Another embodiment of the laminate of the present invention (hereinafter, also referred to as a second embodiment) is shown in FIG.
- the laminate has a first base material layer, a resin layer, an inorganic vapor deposition layer, and a gas barrier adhesive layer, and an adhesive is applied to the surface of the first base material opposite to the resin layer.
- the sealant layer bonded via the sealant layer has a printing layer and a second base material layer on the surface of the gas barrier adhesive layer opposite to the inorganic vapor deposition layer.
- the second base material and the printing layer are the same as those in the first embodiment.
- the sealant layer in the second embodiment is a layer (sealant film) containing a heat-sealing resin that can be melted by heat and fused to each other.
- the sealant layer in the second embodiment will be referred to as the sealant layer (2) below.
- Suitable resins for the sealant film include polyethylene, low density polyethylene, medium density polyethylene, high density polyethylene, linear (linear) low density polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ionomer resin, ethylene- ( Acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic anhydride, olefinic resins such as meth) acrylic acid copolymer, ethylene- (meth) ethyl acrylate copolymer, ethylene-propylene copolymer, methylpentene polymer, polyethylene or polypropylene.
- Modified olefin resin modified with fumaric acid and other unsaturated carboxylic acids ternary copolymer of ethylene- (meth) acrylic acid ester-unsaturated carboxylic acid, cyclic polyolefin, cyclic olefin copolymer, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and the like.
- a resin film, sheet, or other coating film made of one or more of these resins can be used as a sealant film.
- any unstretched, uniaxially stretched, or biaxially stretched film can be used as the sealant film.
- the stretched film stretched in the biaxial direction is vertically stretched 2 to 4 times by, for example, a roll stretching machine at 50 to 100 ° C., and further laterally stretched 3 to 5 times by a tenter stretching machine in an atmosphere of 90 to 150 ° C. Subsequently, it is obtained by heat treatment with a tenter stretching machine in an atmosphere of 100 to 240 ° C.
- simultaneous biaxial stretching and sequential biaxial stretching may be used.
- An easily peelable sealant film may be used for the sealant layer.
- the easily peelable sealant film any of the interfacial peeling type, the coagulation peeling type, and the delamination type can be applied, and can be appropriately selected according to the type of the packaging material and the required characteristics described later.
- the index of easy peelability is appropriately set according to the type of packaging material and the required characteristics, but as an example, the sealing strength is 2 to 20 N / 15 mm.
- easy peelability can be exhibited by a phase-separated polymer blend in which polypropylene is combined with high-density polyethylene, low-density polyethylene, an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, or the like.
- the film thickness of the sealant film can be arbitrarily selected, but when applied to a packaging material described later, for example, it is selected in the range of 5 to 500 ⁇ m. It is more preferably 10 to 250 ⁇ m, and even more preferably 15 to 100 ⁇ m. If it is less than 5 ⁇ m, sufficient laminating strength as a packaging material cannot be obtained, and there is a possibility that puncture resistance and the like may be lowered. If it exceeds 250 ⁇ m, the cost will increase and the film will become hard, resulting in poor workability.
- the sealant layer (2) may be provided with an inorganic vapor deposition layer on at least one surface of the sealant film.
- Such an inorganic thin-film deposition layer can be formed by the same material and method as the inorganic thin-film deposition layer provided on the base material.
- a barrier coat layer may be further provided on the inorganic vapor deposition layer provided on the sealant film.
- the adhesive layer is a cured coating film of a laminating adhesive.
- the sealant layer (2) is bonded to the first base material via the adhesive layer.
- the adhesive used may be the above-mentioned gas barrier adhesive or a general-purpose laminating adhesive having no gas barrier property.
- a laminating adhesive a two-component curable type containing a polyol composition and a polyisocyanate composition can be exemplified, and either a solvent type or a solventless type can be preferably used.
- the laminating adhesive may be applied to the first base material layer side and then bonded to the heat seal layer, or may be applied to the heat seal layer side and then bonded to the first base material. May be good.
- the method of applying the adhesive for laminating, the aging conditions, and the amount of application may be the same as those of the gas barrier adhesive layer.
- the laminate has a first base material layer, a resin layer, an inorganic vapor deposition layer, and a gas barrier adhesive layer, and further has a sealant layer on the surface of the gas barrier adhesive layer opposite to the inorganic vapor deposition layer. It has a printed layer and a second base material layer bonded to each other on the surface opposite to the resin layer of the first base material via an adhesive. Each layer is the same as in the second embodiment.
- the unstretched sealant film is easy to stretch and it is difficult to apply the adhesive.
- the gas barrier adhesive is a solvent type
- the sealant film may be deformed while passing through a drying device for volatilizing the solvent of the adhesive layer. Therefore, in the third embodiment, the gas barrier adhesive is usually applied on the inorganic thin-film deposition layer. In this case, when applying the gas barrier adhesive, it rubs against the roller, and although it is not as good as the sealant film, the first base material layer is deformed as it passes through the drying device and cannot follow it. The inorganic vapor deposition layer is damaged. However, in the present invention, it is possible to suppress the deterioration of the gas barrier property even when the inorganic thin-film deposition layer is damaged.
- the gas barrier adhesive layer between the second base material layer and the print layer (when no print layer is provided or the print layer is the first base material) is used.
- a primer layer, an inorganic oxide vapor deposition layer, and a gas barrier coat layer can be provided between the second base material layer and the gas barrier adhesive layer).
- the laminate of the present invention can be used as a multi-layer packaging material for the purpose of protecting foods, pharmaceuticals and the like.
- its layer structure may change depending on the contents, usage environment, and usage pattern.
- the packaging material of the present invention is obtained, for example, by laminating the heat-sealing layers of the laminate of the present invention facing each other and then heat-sealing the peripheral end portions thereof.
- the laminated body of the present invention is bent or overlapped so that the inner layer surface (the surface of the sealant film) faces each other, and the peripheral end thereof is, for example, a side seal type or a two-way seal type.
- the packaging material of the present invention can take various forms depending on the contents, the environment in which it is used, and the form in which it is used. Self-supporting packaging materials (standing pouches), etc. are also possible.
- a heat sealing method a known method such as a bar seal, a rotary roll seal, a belt seal, an impulse seal, a high frequency seal, and an ultrasonic seal can be used.
- the opening After filling the packaging material of the present invention with the contents from the opening, the opening is heat-sealed to manufacture a product using the packaging material of the present invention.
- the contents to be filled include rice confectionery, bean confectionery, nuts, biscuits and cookies, wafer confectionery, marshmallows, pies, half-baked cakes, candy, snack confectionery and other confectionery, bread, snack noodles, instant noodles, dried noodles, pasta.
- the packaging material of the present invention can also be used as a packaging material for pharmaceuticals such as cigarettes, disposable body warmers, infusion packs, cosmetics, and vacuum heat insulating materials.
- the packaging material of the present invention may be a lid material using the laminate of the present invention.
- Adhesive 1 (Preparation of Polyol Composition X1)
- a polyester reaction vessel equipped with a stirrer, a nitrogen gas introduction tube, a snyder tube, and a condenser 879.37 parts of ethylene glycol, 1580.52 parts of phthalic anhydride, and 0.10 parts of titanium tetraisopropoxide were charged and rectified.
- the internal temperature was maintained at 200 ° C. by gradually heating so that the temperature of the upper part of the tube did not exceed 100 ° C.
- Polyisocyanate composition Y1 Mitsui Chemicals'"TakenateD-110N" (trimethylolpropane adduct non-volatile component of metaxylylene diisocyanate 75.0% NCO% 11.5%) was used as the polyisocyanate composition Y1.
- Adhesive 2 Polyisocyanate composition Y2
- 36 parts of 4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate and 19 parts of 2,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate were placed in a reaction vessel equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer and a nitrogen gas introduction tube, stirred under nitrogen gas, and heated to 60 ° C. .. 11 parts of polypropylene glycol having a number average molecular weight of 400 (hereinafter abbreviated as "PPG"), 22 parts of PPG having a number average molecular weight of 1000, and 11 parts of PPG having a number average molecular weight of 2000 were added dropwise in several times.
- the urethanization reaction was terminated by stirring for 5 to 6 hours.
- the NCO group content of the obtained polyisocyanate was 13.5%. This was designated as the polyisocyanate composition Y2.
- Adhesive 3 Polyol composition X3 Put 73.98 parts of castor oil and 51.02 parts of polypropylene glycol (molecular weight about 4000) in a reaction vessel equipped with a stirrer, a nitrogen gas introduction tube, a snider tube, a cooling condenser, and a dropping funnel, and stir while heating at 70 ° C. 2.55 parts of milionate MN (mixture of 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate and 2,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate) was added dropwise using a dropping funnel and further stirred for 4 hours to obtain a polyol composition X3. The hydroxyl value was 115.0 mgKOH / g.
- Polyisocyanate composition X3 Put 114.00 parts of myionate MN (mixture of 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate and 2,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate) in a reaction vessel equipped with a stirrer, a nitrogen gas introduction tube, a snider tube, a cooling condenser, and a dropping funnel. Stir while heating to 70 ° C., 28.16 parts of polypropylene glycol (molecular weight about 400) and 58.44 parts of polypropylene glycol (molecular weight about 1000) are added dropwise using a dropping funnel over 2 hours, and further stirred for 4 hours. The polyisocyanate composition Y3 was obtained. The NCO% measured according to JIS-K1603 was 13.5%.
- Example 1 Using the OPP film 1 having a film thickness of 18 ⁇ m, a laminated body in which a resin layer and an aluminum-deposited layer were laminated was obtained according to a conventional method. Next, the adhesive 1 was applied to the OPP film 2 having a thickness of 20 ⁇ m so as to have a coating film amount of 3.0 g / m 2 (solid content) using a bar coater, and a diluting solvent was used with a dryer set at a temperature of 70 ° C. Was volatilized and dried to form an adhesive layer. After the aluminum-deposited layer and the OPP film 2 were bonded to each other via the adhesive layer, they were aged at 40 ° C.
- the thickness of the resin layer was 1 ⁇ m, and an ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer having a saponification degree of 95% or more, an ethylene ratio of 48 mol%, a glass transition temperature of 50 ° C., and a melting point of 157 ° C. was used.
- Comparative Example 1 A laminate of Comparative Example 1 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the adhesive 3 was used instead of the adhesive 1.
- Example 2 Using the OPP film 1 having a thickness of 25 ⁇ m, a resin layer and an aluminum vapor-deposited layer were formed on one surface according to a conventional method, and a heat seal layer having a thickness of 0.5 ⁇ m was formed on the other surface. A laminate was obtained. Next, the adhesive 1 was applied to the OPP film 2 having a thickness of 20 ⁇ m so as to have a coating amount of 3.0 g / m 2 (solid content) using a bar coater, and a diluting solvent was used with a dryer set at a temperature of 70 ° C. Was volatilized and dried to form an adhesive layer.
- Example 2 After the aluminum-deposited layer and the OPP film 2 were bonded to each other via the adhesive layer, they were aged at 40 ° C. for 2 days to obtain the laminate of Example 2. As the resin layer, the same ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer as in Example 1 was used.
- Comparative Example 2 A laminate of Comparative Example 2 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the adhesive 3 was used instead of the adhesive 1.
- Example 3 Using the OPP film 1 having a film thickness of 18 ⁇ m, a laminated body in which a resin layer and an aluminum layer were laminated was obtained according to a conventional method. Next, the adhesive 2 was applied to the OPP film 2 having a thickness of 19 ⁇ m so as to have a coating film amount of 3.0 g / m 2 (solid content) using a bar coater, and a diluting solvent was used with a dryer set at a temperature of 70 ° C. Was volatilized to form an adhesive layer. The aluminum vapor deposition layer and the OPP film 2 were bonded to each other via the adhesive layer.
- an adhesive layer was formed on the OPP film 1 in the same manner as above, and the film was bonded to an LLDPE film having a film thickness of 40 ⁇ m via the adhesive layer, and then aged at 40 ° C. for 2 days.
- a laminate was obtained.
- a resin layer having a film thickness of 0.34 ⁇ m was formed using polyvinyl alcohol, and subsequently, an aluminum vapor-deposited layer having a film thickness of 40 nm was formed on the resin layer.
- the film thickness of the resin layer was 0.34 ⁇ m, and polyvinyl alcohol having a saponification degree of 99.5% was used.
- Comparative Example 3 A laminate of Comparative Example 3 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3 except that the adhesive 3 was used instead of the adhesive 2.
- Example 4 Using the OPP film 1 having a film thickness of 18 ⁇ m, a laminated body in which a resin layer and an aluminum layer were laminated was obtained according to a conventional method. Next, the adhesive 1 was applied to the OPP film 2 having a film thickness of 30 ⁇ m so as to have a coating film amount of 3.0 g / m 2 (solid content) using a bar coater, and a diluting solvent was used with a dryer set at a temperature of 70 ° C. Was volatilized to form an adhesive layer. The aluminum vapor deposition layer and the OPP film 2 were bonded to each other via the adhesive layer.
- an adhesive layer was formed on the OPP film 1 in the same manner as above, and the film was bonded to a CPP film having a film thickness of 25 ⁇ m via the adhesive layer, and then aged at 40 ° C. for 2 days. A laminate was obtained.
- the film thickness of the resin layer was 0.6 ⁇ m, and the same polyvinyl alcohol as in Example 3 was used.
- Comparative Example 4 A laminate of Comparative Example 4 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 4 except that the adhesive 3 was used instead of the adhesive 1.
- Example 5 Using the OPP film 1 having a film thickness of 18 ⁇ m, a laminated body in which the same resin layer and aluminum layer as in Example 4 were laminated was obtained according to a conventional method. Next, the adhesive 3 was applied to the OPP film 2 having a film thickness of 30 ⁇ m so as to have a coating film amount of 3.0 g / m 2 (solid content) using a bar coater, and a diluting solvent was used with a dryer set at a temperature of 70 ° C. Was volatilized to form an adhesive layer. The OPP film 1 and the OPP film 2 were bonded together via the adhesive layer.
- an adhesive layer was formed on the aluminum-deposited layer in the same manner as above except that the adhesive 1 was used, and after being bonded to a CPP film having a thickness of 25 ⁇ m via the adhesive layer, the temperature was 40 ° C. for 2 days. Aging was performed to obtain a laminated body of Example 5.
- Comparative Example 5 A laminate of Comparative Example 5 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the adhesive 3 was used instead of the adhesive 1.
- Comparative Example 7 A laminate of Comparative Example 7 was obtained in the same manner as in Comparative Example 6 except that the adhesive 3 was used instead of the adhesive 1.
- an adhesive layer was formed on the aluminum-deposited layer in the same manner as above, bonded to a CPP film having a film thickness of 25 ⁇ m via the adhesive layer, and then aged at 40 ° C. for 2 days. A laminate was obtained.
- Comparative Example 9 A laminate of Comparative Example 9 was obtained in the same manner as in Comparative Example 8 except that the adhesive 3 was used instead of the adhesive 1.
- the laminate of the present invention showed excellent gas barrier properties even under high humidity and after a bending test.
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Abstract
Description
本発明の積層体は、第一の基材と、第一の基材に接して配置された樹脂層と、樹脂層に接して配置された無機蒸着層と、無機蒸着層に接して配置されたガスバリア性樹脂層とを有する。
第一の基材は、化学的、物理的強度に優れるフィルム、シート(なお以下では特記しない限り、フィルムはフィルムとシートの総称でもある)であれば特に制限なく用いることができる。また、基材は単層フィルムであってもよいし、多層積層フィルムであってもよい。後述する包装材の内容物、種類、内容物充填後の加熱処理の有無等の使用条件に応じて適宜選択することができる。
樹脂層は、第一の基材上に積層、共押し出し、吹きつけ、蒸着、またはコーティングにより設けられる。樹脂層の形成に用いられる樹脂としては、ポリエステル、ポリウレタン、ポリアミド、エチレンビニルアルコール共重合体、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリ塩化ビニル、アクリル樹脂、ポリアルキルイミン、酸変性オレフィン樹脂等が挙げられ、1種または2種以上を組合わせて用いることができる。中でもエチレンビニルアルコール共重体、ポリビニルアルコールのいずれかまたは両方を用いることが好ましい。
ポリビニルアルコールの融点は200℃以上であることが好ましい。また、ポリビニルアルコールのガラス転移温度は65℃以上85℃以下であることが好ましい。
示差走査熱量測定装置(エスアイアイ・ナノテクノロジー株式会社製DSC-7000、以下DSCとする)を用い、試料5mgを20mL/minの窒素気流下で30℃から10℃/minでT1℃まで昇温した後10分保持し、その後10℃/minでT2℃まで冷却して熱履歴を除去する。T2℃にて5分保持した後、再び10℃/minでT3℃まで昇温させてDSC曲線を測定し、2度目の昇温工程で観測される測定結果における低温側のベースラインを高温側に延長した直線と、ガラス転移の階段状部分の曲線の勾配が最大になるような点で引いた接線との交点をガラス転移点とし、このときの温度をガラス転移温度とする。また、2度目の昇温工程で観測される吸熱曲線の最大ピーク温度を融点とする。
無機蒸着層は、酸素ガス、水蒸気ガスの透過を防ぐガスバリア性を有する層であり、無機物または無機酸化物からなる蒸着層である。無機物または無機酸化物としてはアルミニウム、アルミナ、シリカ等が挙げられ、これらは単独で用いてもよいし、シリカとアルミナの二元蒸着のように2種以上を併用することができる。無機蒸着層は2層以上設けられていてもよい。無機蒸着層が2層以上設けられている場合、それぞれは同一の組成であってもよいし、異なる組成であってもよい。ガスバリア性の観点からは、アルミニウムを用いることが好ましい。
ガスバリア性接着層は、ガスバリア性接着剤の硬化塗膜であり、無機蒸着層と他の層とを貼り合わせる層である。ガスバリア接着層は無機蒸着層と接して配置される。なお、本明細書においてガスバリア性接着剤とは、3g/m2(固形分)で塗布した塗膜の23℃0%RHでの酸素バリア性が300cc/m2/day/atm以下、または水蒸気バリア性が120g/m2/day以下の、少なくとも一方の条件を満足するものをいう。本発明で好ましく用いられるガスバリア性接着剤としては、下記(A1)~(A3)の少なくとも1種のポリエステルポリオール(A)を含むポリオール組成物(X)と、1分子中に少なくとも2つのイソシアネート基を有する化合物(以下単にイソシアネート化合物(B)ともいう)を含むポリイソシアネート組成物(Y)とからなる2液型接着剤が挙げられる。
(2)イソシアヌル環を有するポリエステルポリオール(A2)
(3)重合性炭素-炭素二重結合を有するポリエステルポリオール(A3)
重合性炭素-炭素二重結合をもつ多価アルコールとしては、2-ブテン-1,4-ジオール等があげられる。
本発明の積層体は、上記の構成に加え、必要に応じて他の層を含んでいてもよい。本発明の積層体の一実施形態(以下では第一の実施形態ともいう)を図1に示す。第一の実施形態において、積層体は第一の基材層、樹脂層、無機蒸着層、ガスバリア接着層を有し、さらに第一の基材の樹脂層とは反対側の面にヒートシール層を、ガスバリア接着層の無機蒸着層とは反対側の面に印刷層、第二の基材を有する。
第一の実施形態におけるシーラント層は、熱により相互に融着し得るヒートシール性の樹脂を含む層である。他の実施形態におけるシーラント層と区別するため、以下では第一の実施形態におけるシーラント層をシーラント層(1)とする。シーラント層(1)は、ヒートシール性の樹脂と、溶剤とを含むヒートシール剤を、第一の基材に塗布し、溶剤を乾燥させることにより形成される。
第二の基材層としては、第一の基材層に用いられるのと同様のフィルムを用いることができる。
印刷層は、第二の基材層のガスバリア接着層側の面に、文字、図形、記号、その他所望の絵柄等が、リキッドインキを用いて印刷された層である。本明細書においてリキッドインキはグラビア印刷またはフレキソ印刷に用いられる溶剤型のインキの総称である。樹脂、着色剤、溶剤を必須の成分として含むものであってもよいし、樹脂と溶剤を含み、着色剤を実質的に含まない、いわゆるクリアインキであってもよい。印刷層は第二の基材のガスバリア接着層側の全面に設けられていてもよいし、一部のみに設けられていてもよい。印刷層は、上述のガスバリア接着層を介して無機蒸着層に貼り合わせられる。
上記実施形態では、印刷層が第二の基材層上に直接設けられる形態について説明したが、印刷層の第二の基材との間に他の層が設けられていてもよい。例えば第二の基材上に直接、またはプライマー層を介してシリカやアルミナ、あるいはこれらの二元蒸着による無機酸化物の蒸着層が設けられていてもよい。さらに、無機酸化物の蒸着層上にガスバリアコート層が設けられていてもよい。プライマー層、無機酸化物の蒸着層、ガスバリアコート層は従来公知のものを用いることができる。
本発明の積層体の他の実施形態(以下では第二の実施形態ともいう)を図2に示す。第二の実施形態において、積層体は第一の基材層、樹脂層、無機蒸着層、ガスバリア接着層を有し、さらに第一の基材の樹脂層とは反対側の面に接着剤を介して貼り合わせられたシーラント層を、ガスバリア接着層の無機蒸着層とは反対側の面に印刷層、第二の基材層を有する。第二の基材、印刷層は第一の実施形態と同様である。
第二の実施形態におけるシーラント層は熱により溶融し相互に融着し得る、ヒートシール性の樹脂を含む層(シーラントフィルム)である。他の実施形態におけるシーラント層と区別するため、以下では第二の実施形態におけるシーラント層をシーラント層(2)とする。シーラントフィルムに好適な樹脂としては、ポリエチレン、低密度ポリエチレン、中密度ポリエチレン、高密度ポリエチレン、直鎖状(線状)低密度ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、エチレン-酢酸ビニル共重合体、アイオノマー樹脂、エチレン-(メタ)アクリル酸共重合体、エチレン-(メタ)アクリル酸エチル共重合体、エチレン-プロピレン共重合体、メチルペンテンポリマー、ポリエチレンまたはポリプロピレン等のオレフィン系樹脂をアクリル酸、メタクリル酸、無水マレイン酸、フマル酸、その他不飽和カルボン酸で変性した変性オレフィン樹脂、エチレン-(メタ)アクリル酸エステル-不飽和カルボン酸の三元共重合体、環状ポリオレフィン、環状オレフィンコポリマー、ポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)、ポリアクリロニトリル(PAN)等が挙げられる。これらの樹脂の1種または2種以上からなる樹脂のフィルム、シート、その他塗布膜等をシーラントフィルムとして使用することができる。
接着層は、ラミネート用接着剤の硬化塗膜である。シーラント層(2)は、接着層を介して第一の基材と貼り合わせられる。用いられる接着剤は、上述したガスバリア性接着剤であってもよいし、ガスバリア性を有しない汎用のラミネート用接着剤であってもよい。このようなラミネート用接着剤としては、ポリオール組成物とポリイソシアネート組成物を含む2液硬化型のものを例示することができ、溶剤型、無溶剤型のいずれも好ましく用いることができる。
第二の実施形態においても、第一の実施形態と同様に第二の基材層と印刷層との間(印刷層を設けない場合、もしくは印刷層が第の基材のガスバリア接着層とは反対側の面に設けられる場合には、第二の基材層とガスバリア接着層との間)にプライマー層、無機酸化物の蒸着層、ガスバリアコート層を設けることができる。
本発明の積層体の他の実施形態(以下では第三の実施形態ともいう)を図3に示す。第三の実施形態において、積層体は第一の基材層、樹脂層、無機蒸着層、ガスバリア接着層を有し、さらにガスバリア接着層の無機蒸着層とは反対側の面にシーラント層を、第一の基材の樹脂層とは反対側の面に接着剤を介して貼り合わせられた印刷層、第二の基材層を有する。各層については、第二の実施形態と同様である。
第三の実施形態においても、第一の実施形態と同様に第二の基材層と印刷層との間(印刷層を設けない場合、もしくは印刷層が第の基材のガスバリア接着層とは反対側の面に設けられる場合には、第二の基材層とガスバリア接着層との間)にプライマー層、無機酸化物の蒸着層、ガスバリアコート層を設けることができる。
本発明の積層体は、食品や医薬品などの保護を目的とする多層包装材料として使用することができる。多層包装材料として使用する場合には、内容物や使用環境、使用形態に応じてその層構成は変化し得る。
(接着剤1)
(ポリオール組成物X1の調製)
攪拌機、窒素ガス導入管、スナイダー管、コンデンサーを備えたポリエステル反応容器に、エチレングリコールを879.37部、無水フタル酸1580.52部、及びチタニウムテトライソプロポキシド0.10部を仕込み、精留管上部温度が100℃を超えないように徐々に加熱して内温を200℃に保持した。酸価が5.0mgKOH/g以下になったところでエステル化反応を終了し、設計官能基数N=2、水酸基価=125のポリエステルポリオールを得た。さらに60℃に加熱しながら希釈溶剤として酢酸エチル1000部、リン酸0.6部を入れて1時間攪拌し、ポリオール組成物X1を得た。
三井化学製「タケネートD-110N」(メタキシリレンジイソシアネートのトリメチロールプロパンアダクト体不揮発成分75.0% NCO%11.5%)をポリイソシアネート組成物Y1とした。
ポリオール組成物X1:100部とポリイソシアネート組成物Y1:25部とを混合し、酢酸エチルで希釈してガスバリア性の接着剤1を得た。
(ポリイソシアネート組成物Y2)
4,4-ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート36部、2,4’-ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート19部を撹拌機、温度計、窒素ガス導入管を備えた反応容器内に仕込み、窒素ガス下で攪拌し、60℃まで加熱した。数平均分子量400のポリプロピレングリコール(以下、「PPG」と略記する。)を11部、数平均分子量1000のPPGを22部、数平均分子量2000のPPGの11部を数回に分けて滴下し、5~6時間攪拌しウレタン化反応を終了させた。得られたポリイソシアネートのNCO基含有率は、13.5%であった。これをポリイソシアネート組成物Y2とした。
ポリオール組成物X1:100部とポリイソシアネート組成物Y2:40部とを混合し、酢酸エチルで希釈してガスバリア性の接着剤2を得た。
(ポリオール組成物X3)
攪拌機、窒素ガス導入管、スナイダー管、冷却コンデンサー、滴下漏斗を備えた反応容器にひまし油73.98部、ポリプロピレングリコール(分子量約4000)51.02部を入れて70℃に加熱しながら撹拌し、ミリオネートMN(4,4’-ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネートと2,4’-ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネートとの混合物)2.55部を、滴下漏斗を用いて滴下し、更に4時間撹拌し、ポリオール組成物X3を得た。水酸基価は115.0mgKOH/gであった。
攪拌機、窒素ガス導入管、スナイダー管、冷却コンデンサー、滴下漏斗を備えた反応容器にミリオネートMN(4,4’-ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネートと2,4’-ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネートとの混合物)114.00部を入れて70℃に加熱しながら撹拌し、ポリプロピレングリコール(分子量約400)28.16部、ポリプロピレングリコール(分子量約1000)58.44部を、滴下漏斗を用いて2時間かけて滴下し、更に4時間撹拌し、ポリイソシアネート組成物Y3を得た。JIS-K1603に従い測定したNCO%は13.5%であった。
ポリオール組成物X3:50部とポリイソシアネート組成物Y3:100部とを混合して非ガスバリア性の接着剤3を得た。
(実施例1)
膜厚18μmのOPPフィルム1を用い、常法に従って樹脂層、アルミニウム蒸着層が積層された積層体を得た。次いで膜厚20μmのOPPフィルム2に、接着剤1を、バーコーターを用いて塗膜量3.0g/m2(固形分)となるように塗布し、温度70℃に設定したドライヤーで希釈溶剤を揮発させ乾燥して接着層を形成した。接着層を介してアルミニウム蒸着層とOPPフィルム2を貼り合わせた後、40℃/2日間のエージングを行い、実施例1の積層体を得た。樹脂層の膜厚は1μmであり、ケン化度95%以上、エチレン比率48モル%、ガラス転移温度50℃、融点157℃のエチレンビニルアルコール共重合体を用いた。
接着剤1に換えて接着剤3を用いた以外は実施例1と同様にして比較例1の積層体を得た。
(実施例2)
膜厚25μmのOPPフィルム1を用い、常法に従っての一方の面に、樹脂層、アルミニウム蒸着層が形成され、他方の面にヒートシール剤による膜厚0.5μmのヒートシール層が形成された積層体を得た。次いで膜厚20μmのOPPフィルム2に、接着剤1を、バーコーターを用いて塗膜量3.0g/m2(固形分)となるように塗布し、温度70℃に設定したドライヤーで希釈溶剤を揮発させ乾燥して接着層を形成した。接着層を介してアルミニウム蒸着層とOPPフィルム2を貼り合わせた後、40℃/2日間のエージングを行い、実施例2の積層体を得た。樹脂層は実施例1と同様のエチレンビニルアルコール共重合体を用いた。
接着剤1に換えて接着剤3を用いた以外は実施例2と同様にして比較例2の積層体を得た。
(実施例3)
膜厚18μmのOPPフィルム1を用い、常法に従って樹脂層、アルミニウム層が積層された積層体を得た。次いで膜厚19μmのOPPフィルム2に、接着剤2を、バーコーターを用いて塗膜量3.0g/m2(固形分)となるように塗布し、温度70℃に設定したドライヤーで希釈溶剤を揮発させて接着層を形成した。接着層を介してアルミニウム蒸着層とOPPフィルム2とを貼り合わせた。続いてOPPフィルム1上に、上記と同様にして接着層を形成し、接着層を介して膜厚40μmのLLDPEフィルムと貼り合わせた後、40℃/2日間のエージングを行い、実施例3の積層体を得た。ポリビニルアルコールを用い、膜厚0.34μmの樹脂層を形成し、続いて、樹脂層上に膜厚40nmのアルミニウム蒸着層を形成した。樹脂層の膜厚は0.34μmであり、ケン化度99.5%のポリビニルアルコールを用いた。
接着剤2に換えて接着剤3を用いた以外は実施例3と同様にして比較例3の積層体を得た。
(実施例4)
膜厚18μmのOPPフィルム1を用い、常法に従って樹脂層、アルミニウム層が積層された積層体を得た。次いで膜厚30μmのOPPフィルム2に、接着剤1を、バーコーターを用いて塗膜量3.0g/m2(固形分)となるように塗布し、温度70℃に設定したドライヤーで希釈溶剤を揮発させて接着層を形成した。接着層を介してアルミニウム蒸着層とOPPフィルム2を貼り合わせた。続いてOPPフィルム1上に、上記と同等にして接着層を形成し、接着層を介して膜厚25μmのCPPフィルムと貼り合わせた後、40℃/2日間のエージングを行い、実施例4の積層体を得た。樹脂層の膜厚は0.6μmであり、実施例3と同様のポリビニルアルコールを用いた。
接着剤1に換えて接着剤3を用いた以外は実施例4と同様にして比較例4の積層体を得た。
(実施例5)
膜厚18μmのOPPフィルム1を用い、常法に従って実施例4と同様の樹脂層、アルミニウム層が積層された積層体を得た。次いで膜厚30μmのOPPフィルム2に、接着剤3を、バーコーターを用いて塗膜量3.0g/m2(固形分)となるように塗布し、温度70℃に設定したドライヤーで希釈溶剤を揮発させて接着層を形成した。接着層を介してOPPフィルム1とOPPフィルム2を貼り合わせた。続いてアルミニウム蒸着層上に、接着剤1を用いた以外は上記と同様にして接着層を形成し、接着層を介して膜厚25μmのCPPフィルムと貼り合わせた後、40℃/2日間のエージングを行い、実施例5の積層体を得た。
接着剤1に換えて接着剤3を用いた以外は実施例5と同様にして比較例5の積層体を得た。
(比較例6)
膜厚25μmのOPPフィルム1上にアルミニウム蒸着層が積層された積層体を得た(樹脂層の形成を省略した)。次いで膜厚30μmのOPPフィルム2に、接着剤1を、バーコーターを用いて塗膜量3.0g/m2(固形分)となるように塗布し、温度70℃に設定したドライヤーで希釈溶剤を揮発させて接着層を形成した。接着層を介してアルミニウム蒸着層とOPPフィルム2を貼り合わせた。続いてOPPフィルム1上に、上記と同等にして接着層を形成し、接着層を介して膜厚25μmのCPPフィルムと貼り合わせた後、40℃/2日間のエージングを行い、比較例6の積層体を得た。
(比較例7)
接着剤1に換えて接着剤3を用いた以外は比較例6と同様にして比較例7の積層体を得た。
(比較例8)
膜厚25μmのOPPフィルム1上にアルミニウム蒸着層が積層された積層体を得た(樹脂層の形成を省略した)。次いで膜厚30μmのOPPフィルム2に、接着剤1を、バーコーターを用いて塗膜量3.0g/m2(固形分)となるように塗布し、温度70℃に設定したドライヤーで希釈溶剤を揮発させて接着層を形成した。接着層を介してOPPフィルム1とOPPフィルム2を貼り合わせた。続いてアルミニウム蒸着層上に、上記と同様にして接着層を形成し、接着層を介して膜厚25μmのCPPフィルムと貼り合わせた後、40℃/2日間のエージングを行い、比較例8の積層体を得た。
接着剤1に換えて接着剤3を用いた以外は比較例8と同様にして比較例9の積層体を得た。
(屈曲試験後の酸素透過率)
エージングが終了した実施例、比較例の積層体を30cm×20cmのサイズに調整し、ASTM F392に準じてゲルボフレックステスター(BE-1006恒温槽付ゲルボフレックステスター、テスター産業(株))にて屈曲試験を行った。尚、屈曲試験は440°/90mm、直動65mm、23℃にて屈曲回数10回の条件で実施した。ゲルボフレックス処理後の23℃90%RHの酸素透過率(cc/m2・day・atm)を測定し、結果を表にまとめた。
エージングが終了した積層体を、システック・イリノイ社製水蒸気透過率測定装置7002を用いて等圧法により、40℃90%RHの雰囲気下で測定した。なおRHとは、湿度を表す。結果を表1-3にまとめた。
Claims (4)
- 第一の基材と、
前記第一の基材に接して配置された樹脂層と、
前記樹脂層に接して配置された無機蒸着層と、
前記無機蒸着層に接して配置されたガスバリア性接着剤層と、を含み、
前記樹脂層の膜厚が0.1μm以上5μm以下である積層体。 - 前記樹脂層が、ナイロン、ポリエステル、エチレンビニルアルコール共重合体、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリ塩化ビニル、アクリル系重合体、ポリウレタン、ポリアルキルイミン、酸変性ポリオレフィン、ポリエーテルエステルアミドブロック共重合体からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一種である請求項1に記載の積層体。
- 前記無機蒸着層が、アルミニウム、酸化アルミニウム、酸化ケイ素からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一種の蒸着層である請求項1または2のいずれか一項に記載の積層体。
- 請求項1~3の何れか一項に記載の積層体からなる包装材。
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