WO2022136783A1 - Surveillance d'une ligne de transmission - Google Patents
Surveillance d'une ligne de transmission Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022136783A1 WO2022136783A1 PCT/FR2021/052396 FR2021052396W WO2022136783A1 WO 2022136783 A1 WO2022136783 A1 WO 2022136783A1 FR 2021052396 W FR2021052396 W FR 2021052396W WO 2022136783 A1 WO2022136783 A1 WO 2022136783A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- signal
- transmission line
- current
- coupling device
- measurement signal
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
- G01R31/085—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors in power transmission or distribution lines, e.g. overhead
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
- G01R15/14—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks
- G01R15/18—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using inductive devices, e.g. transformers
- G01R15/183—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using inductive devices, e.g. transformers using transformers with a magnetic core
- G01R15/185—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using inductive devices, e.g. transformers using transformers with a magnetic core with compensation or feedback windings or interacting coils, e.g. 0-flux sensors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/005—Testing of electric installations on transport means
- G01R31/008—Testing of electric installations on transport means on air- or spacecraft, railway rolling stock or sea-going vessels
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/088—Aspects of digital computing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
- G01R31/58—Testing of lines, cables or conductors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B3/00—Line transmission systems
- H04B3/54—Systems for transmission via power distribution lines
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the monitoring of a transmission line. More specifically, it relates to a system for monitoring a transmission line, an electrical distribution system comprising such a monitoring system, an aircraft comprising such a distribution system, a method for monitoring a transmission line and a program corresponding computer.
- the documents FR 3 083 321 A1 and FR 3 083 365 A1 each describe a system for monitoring a transmission line, of the type comprising: a coupling device connected to the transmission line to receive a current from the line transmission; a data processing device connected to the coupling device and designed to:
- the monitoring system includes a flow valve current sensor.
- the monitoring system makes it possible, in addition to measuring the current of the transmission line, to detect a fault on the transmission line by using the elements already present for the current measurement.
- the coupling device comprises a transformer with a ferromagnetic core, the internal signal being a total magnetic flux present in the core and grouping together an excitation magnetic flux resulting from the excitation signal, a magnetic flux of current resulting from the current to be measured and a compensation magnetic flux resulting from the compensation signal so as to substantially cancel the current magnetic flux.
- the analysis of the measurement signal comprises comparing the measurement signal with at least one template and the detection of the fault on the transmission line is carried out from instants when the measurement signal is apart from at least one of the template(s).
- the excitation signal includes an oscillating signal.
- the oscillating signal comprises a sum of a sinusoid at a fundamental frequency and a sinusoid at the third harmonic, that is to say at three times the fundamental frequency.
- the excitation signal generating, through the coupling device, a signal propagating on the transmission line, the data processing device is also designed to encode data to be transmitted in one encoded signal and the excitation signal includes the encoded signal so that the propagating signal includes the data to be transmitted.
- the coded signal has a zero mean.
- the coded signal has a higher fundamental frequency than that of the oscillating signal.
- the at least one template comprises a global template which follows, on the one hand, variations of an oscillating signal of the measurement signal resulting from the oscillating signal of the excitation signal and, on the other hand, an envelope of a coded signal of the measurement signal resulting from the coded signal of the excitation signal.
- the at least one template comprises a local template following variations of a coded signal of the measurement signal resulting from the coded signal of the excitation signal.
- the oscillating signal comprises a series of rises and falls and in which the coded signal is only present on one of the rises and falls.
- the measurement signal comprises a series of rises and falls corresponding respectively to the rises and falls of the oscillating signal and in which the data processing device is also designed to decode a coded signal present on the the other among the rises and falls of the measurement signal.
- the transmission line is a coaxial cable.
- An electrical distribution system is also proposed comprising: - an electrical source; - an electrical charge; - A transmission line connecting the electrical load to the electrical source, so that the electrical source electrically supplies the electrical load; - A transmission line monitoring system, according to the invention.
- the electrical source is a DC voltage source, preferably greater than 100 V.
- An aircraft comprising an electrical distribution system according to the invention.
- a method for monitoring a transmission line using a coupling device connected to the transmission line to receive a current from the transmission line, comprising: - supplying an excitation signal to the coupling device so that an internal signal appears in the coupling device, this internal signal exhibiting a deformation resulting from the current to be measured, - obtaining a signal for measuring a quantity of the coupling device sensitive to the deformation of the internal signal, - supplying a compensation signal to the coupling device from the measurement signal to cancel the deformation; and - evaluating the current to be measured from the compensation signal; characterized in that, the measurement signal being furthermore sensitive to the presence of a fault on the transmission line, the method further comprises the analysis of the measurement signal and the detection, from this analysis, of a fault on the transmission line.
- FIG. 1 A computer program which can be downloaded from a communication network and/or recorded on a computer-readable medium is also proposed, characterized in that it comprises instructions for the execution of the steps of a method according to the invention, when said program is executed on a computer Brief description of the figures [0024] The invention will be better understood using the following description, given solely by way of example and made with reference to the appended drawings in which: [0025] [Fig.1] FIG.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an electrical distribution system implementing the invention, this electrical distribution system comprising a transmission line
- Figure 2 is a schematic view of a transmission line monitoring system of Figure 1
- Figure 3 is a graph illustrating magnetic flux saturation in a ferromagnetic core
- Figure 4 illustrates the sum of signals to form an excitation signal
- [0029] [Fig.5]
- Figure 5 illustrates a signal measured by the monitoring system
- FIG.6] Figure 6 illustrates a first template surrounding the signal measured by the monitoring system
- FIG.7 Figure 7 illustrates a second template surrounding the signal measured by the monitoring system
- Figure 8 illustrates a distortion of the measured signal resulting from a first fault of the transmission line
- [Fig.9] figure 9 illustrates a distortion of the measured signal resulting from a second transmission line fault
- [Fig.9] illustrates a distortion of the measured signal resulting from a second transmission line fault
- FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a transmission line monitoring system of Figure 1, according to another embodiment.
- the system 100 firstly comprises an electrical source 102 designed to provide a DC voltage V.
- the DC voltage V is a high voltage, for example at least 100 V, more preferably at least minus 1000 V.
- the electrical source 102 thus comprises a positive “+” terminal and a negative “-” terminal between which the DC voltage V is supplied.
- the electric source 102 is for example designed to supply an electric power of at least 100 kW.
- the electrical source 102 comprises for example one or more of: a battery, an alternator driven by a turbine (motor or auxiliary generator), a fuel cell and a super capacitor.
- the system 100 further comprises a first positive connection 104 and a first negative connection 106, respectively connected to the positive terminal and to the negative terminal of the voltage source 102.
- the system 100 further comprises a load 110 intended to be electrically supplied by the electrical source 102.
- the aircraft 100 comprises second positive 112 and negative 114 connections, respectively connected to two terminals of the electrical load 110.
- the electrical load 110 comprises for example one or more of: an electric propulsion motor, a motor electric landing gear actuation or flight control and a de-icing heater.
- the aircraft 100 further comprises a transmission line connecting, on the one hand, the two positive connections 104, 112 to one another. 'other and, on the other hand, the two negative connections 106, 114 to each other.
- the transmission line is a coaxial cable 118.
- This coaxial cable 118 firstly comprises a central conductive core 120, and a first dielectric sheath 122, called internal, surrounding the central core 120.
- the cable coaxial 118 further comprises a shield 124 surrounding the first dielectric sheath 122.
- the shield 124 is for example in the form of a cylindrical mesh.
- the coaxial cable 118 further comprises a second dielectric sheath 126, called external, surrounding the shielding 124.
- the positive connections 104, 112 are thus connected to each other by the central core 120, while the negative connections 106, 114 are connected to each other by the shield 124.
- the central core 120 conveys a supply current I from the electrical source 102 to the electrical load 110, while the shield 124, which is conductive, is used as a current return line from the electrical load 110 to the electrical source 102.
- the coaxial cable 118 has the particular advantage of having an iterative impedance, that is say that the electrical properties of the coaxial cable remain substantially constant over its entire length. Other types of transmission line could also have this property.
- the coaxial cable 118 has the advantage that the shield 124 which is at low potential, surrounds the central core 120 which is at high potential.
- the system 100 further comprises first and second systems 128, 130 for monitoring the transmission line 118 respectively arranged on the first and second positive connections 104, 112.
- the monitoring system 128 first of all comprises a current sensor 202 with valve flow.
- the current sensor 202 is designed to measure the supply current I.
- the current sensor 202 comprises first of all, in the example described, a current divider 204 comprising , on the one hand, a main branch 206 in which a major part I1 of the supply current I is intended to pass and, on the other hand, an auxiliary branch 208 in which a small part I0 of the supply current I, called auxiliary current I0, is intended to flow.
- the main branch 206 has a resistance S, while the auxiliary branch has a resistance s, much smaller than the resistance S.
- an inductor L is provided on the main branch 206.
- the auxiliary current I0 and the supply current I have a generally known and fixed ratio. Thus, a measurement of the auxiliary current I0 makes it possible to deduce the supply current I therefrom.
- the current sensor 202 further comprises a coupling device 210 connected to the transmission line 118 to receive the auxiliary current I0 from the transmission line 118.
- the coupling device 210 comprises first of all a transformer 212 comprising a ferromagnetic core 214 in closed loop, in which passes the auxiliary branch 208 in order to form a primary of the transformer 212.
- the transformer 212 further comprises a coil 216 wound around the core 214 and forming a secondary of the transformer 212.
- This coil 216 has two ends, one of which is connected to an electrical ground.
- the coupling device 210 further comprises an impedance Z, for example a resistor, which in the example illustrated in FIG. 2 is connected to a second end of the coil 216.
- FIG. 3 illustrates the evolution of a total magnetic flux ⁇ in the core 214 as a function of an excitation H of this core 214.
- this evolution has two saturation zones of the total magnetic flux ⁇ : a saturation zone, called positive Z+ , when the total magnetic flux ⁇ becomes very large positively and a saturation zone, called negative Z-, when the total magnetic flux ⁇ becomes very large negatively.
- a saturation zone called positive Z+
- a saturation zone called negative Z-
- the total magnetic flux ⁇ increases less and less (positively or negatively depending on the zone) despite increasingly strong excitation H.
- the saturation zones Z+, Z- the total magnetic flux ⁇ evolves substantially linearly (neglecting the hysteresis phenomenon) as a function of the excitation H.
- the auxiliary current I0 when the auxiliary current I0 is non-zero, it causes the appearance of a current magnetic flux ⁇ 0 in the core 214.
- the current sensor 202 further comprises a data processing device 218 designed to use the coupling device 210 to measure the auxiliary current I0, and therefore the supply current I.
- the device 218 is by example a computer system comprising a data processing unit (such as a microprocessor) and a main memory (such as a RAM memory, standing for “Random Access Memory”) accessible by the processing unit.
- the computer system also preferably comprises a non-volatile memory such as an EEPROM (from the English “Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory”, a PROM-Flash (“Programmable Read Only Memory Flash”), M- RAM (Magnetoresistive Random-Access Memory) or any other de-energized functional memory technology for storing data.
- EEPROM Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory
- PROM-Flash Programmable Read Only Memory Flash
- M- RAM Magneticoresistive Random-Access Memory
- a computer program containing instructions for the processing unit is for example intended to be loaded into the main memory, so that the processing unit executes its instructions to carry out the functions and the modules of the device 218 which will be described.
- all or part of these functions and modules could be implemented in the form of hardware modules, that is to say in the form of an electronic circuit, for example micro-wired, not involving a computer program. 'computer.
- the device 218 is first of all designed to supply an excitation signal SE to the coupling device 210 to generate, with the auxiliary current I0, a total magnetic flux ⁇ which, in the absence of the compensation which will be described later, exhibits a deformation resulting from the magnetic flux of current ⁇ 0 coming from the current to be measured I0. More precisely, the excitation signal SE causes the appearance of an excitation magnetic flux ⁇ E to which is added the current magnetic flux ⁇ 0.
- the excitation magnetic flux ⁇ E is intended to oscillate between a maximum and a minimum respectively reaching the saturation zones Z+, Z-.
- the total magnetic flux ⁇ ( ⁇ E + ⁇ 0) is shifted towards one of the two saturation zones Z+, Z- (according to the sign of the auxiliary current I0) and is therefore deformed by compared to the case where the auxiliary current I0 (and therefore the current magnetic flux ⁇ 0) is zero.
- the saturation is substantially identical for the maximums and the minimums, whereas with the auxiliary current I0, one of the maximums and the minimums is more saturated than the other.
- the device 218 is also designed to supply a compensation signal Sc to the coupling device 210 so that a resulting compensation magnetic flux ⁇ c substantially cancels the current magnetic flux ⁇ 0.
- these two signals SE, Sc are added into a single total signal, denoted St.
- the device 218 comprises, in the example described, a digital-analog converter 220 to convert the total signal St into a voltage Vt applied to the terminals of the impedance Z and of the coil 216.
- the voltage Vt generates a current i flowing through the impedance Z and the coil 216, so as to generate an excitation in the core 214.
- the device 218 comprises, in the example described, a module 222 for generating an initial oscillating signal Se'.
- the initial oscillating signal Se' is for example preferably formed of at least one sinusoid at a fundamental frequency and one sinusoid at the third harmonic, that is to say three times the fundamental frequency.
- the initial oscillating signal is composed only of these two sinusoids.
- the initial oscillating signal Se' could be a triangular signal comprising a sinusoid at a fundamental frequency and sinusoids with odd harmonics of this fundamental frequency, including in particular a sinusoid at the third harmonic.
- the device 218 is also designed, still in the example described, to multiply the initial oscillating signal Se' by a servo coefficient of saturation K, in order to obtain an oscillating signal Se.
- the oscillating signal Se behaves, like the oscillating signal Se', a sinusoid at the fundamental frequency and a sinusoid at the third harmonic. A way of calculating this coefficient K will be detailed later.
- the device 218 further comprises a coding module 224 designed to code data to be transmitted Tx into an initial coded signal Sd′ and an integrator 225 designed to integrate the initial coded signal Sd′ into a coded signal Sd.
- the device 218 is then designed to sum the coded signal Sd with the oscillating signal Se to form the excitation signal SE.
- FIG. 4 illustrates an example of oscillating signal Se, initial coded signal Sd′, coded signal Sd, as well as their sum SE.
- the initial coded signal Sd′ incorporates a clock signal. Indeed, this facilitates the recovery of the rhythm of the message and therefore the recovery of the data.
- the initial coded signal Sd′ has zero mean, and therefore also the coded signal Sd.
- the portion of the excitation magnetic flux ⁇ E coming from the coded signal also has zero mean, so as not to falsify the current measurement, as will be explained later.
- the initial coded signal Sd′ is a signal in slots. Indeed, the use of slots is a simple way to represent data binaries. These pulses are converted by the integrator 225 into a sawtooth (ie a triangular signal). For example, Bi-phase Manchester coding is used, this coding combining the three preceding characteristics.
- the initial coded signal Sd′ has a higher fundamental frequency than that of the oscillating signal Se.
- the initial coded signal Sd′ is only present outside portions P of the oscillating signal Se of predefined length, respectively centered on the maximum and the minimum of the oscillating signal Se.
- the initial coded signal Sd′ does not substantially risk being deformed due to the saturation zones Z+, Z ⁇ .
- the oscillating signal Se behaves as a series of rises and falls.
- the initial coded signal Sd′ is only present on one of the rises and falls (the rises in the example illustrated).
- the other of the ups and downs can be used for data reception.
- the quantity measured is a voltage Vm at the terminals of the coil 216. Indeed, this voltage Vm is proportional to the derivative of the total magnetic flux ⁇ forming the internal signal, which corresponds substantially to a high pass filtering.
- the device 218 comprises, in the example described, an analog-digital converter 226 to receive the voltage Vm as input to convert it into a measurement signal Sm.
- the device 218 further comprises a module 228 for extracting an amplitude of the second harmonic of the measured signal Sm.
- This extraction module 228 comprises for example a multiplier designed to multiply the measurement signal Sm with a clock H2 synchronized on the second harmonic, followed by a low pass filter.
- the device 218 is designed to fix the compensation signal Sc from the amplitude of the second harmonic of the measurement signal Sm to cancel the deformation, that is to say so that the magnetic flux compensation ⁇ c compensates the current magnetic flux ⁇ 0.
- the device 218 comprises in the example described a module 230 for fixing the compensation signal Sc from the amplitude of the second harmonic of the measurement signal Sm.
- the fixing module 230 comprises for example a proportional-integral regulator.
- the device 218 further comprises a current evaluation module 232 designed to evaluate the auxiliary current I0 and therefore also the supply current I from the compensation signal Sc.
- the device 218 uses the property according to which, by carefully choosing the ratio between the amplitudes of the sinusoids of the oscillating signal Se at the fundamental frequency and at the third harmonic, the third harmonic of the measurement signal Sm is canceled when the saturation zones Z+, Z- are reached.
- the device 218 firstly comprises a module 234 for extracting the third harmonic from the measurement signal Sm.
- This extraction module 234 comprises for example a multiplier designed to multiply the measurement signal Sm with a clock H3 synchronized on the third harmonic, followed by a low pass filter.
- the device 218 comprises a module 236 for fixing the coefficient K from the amplitude of the third harmonic of the measurement signal Sm.
- the fixing module 236 comprises for example a proportional-integral regulator. It will also be appreciated that the excitation signal SE generates, through the coupling device 210, a voltage Vpe at the primary of the transformer 212 (that is to say on the auxiliary branch 208) which propagates on transmission line 118. As explained above, the monitoring device 130 is similar to the monitoring device 128 and transmits a voltage Vpr to the primary of the transformer 212. Preferably, the monitoring devices 128, 130 are synchronized with each other, for example by means of the clock signals transmitted with the coded signals Sd transmitted by each of the monitoring devices 128, 130.
- the measurement signal Sm therefore comprises the sum of a periodic signal Se*, of a transmitted coded signal Sde* and of a received coded signal Sdr*.
- the periodic signal Se* results from the excitation signals Se from the two monitoring devices 128, 130.
- This periodic signal Se* is, in the example described, substantially triangular with rounded tips because, on the one hand, the transformer 212 plays the role of a differentiator which transforms the excitation signals Se and, on the other hand, the rounded peaks result from the effects of saturation of the transformer 122 detailed above.
- the transmitted coded signal Sde* results from the coded signal Sd transmitted by the monitoring device 128, while the received coded signal Sdr* results from the coded signal Sd transmitted by the monitoring device 130.
- These transmitted coded signals Sde*and received Sdr* are, in the example described, in slots due to the differentiating role of the transformer 212 which transforms the sawtooth of the coded signals Sd into slots.
- the measurement signal Sm is sensitive to the presence of a fault on the transmission line 118. Indeed, when the current sensor 202 operates the magnetic flux compensation current is effective, so that everything happens in the coupling device 210 substantially as if the auxiliary current I0 and the compensation signal were zero.
- the core 214 is traversed only by the magnetic excitation flux, which extends substantially in the linear zone between the two saturation zones Z+, Z-.
- the secondary voltage Vm and the current i are found at the primary (within one ratio) and therefore on the auxiliary branch 208, which creates a signal propagating on the transmission line 118.
- the propagating signal includes the Tx data to be transmitted, which can thus reach the other monitoring system 130.
- all the elements connected to the primary of the transformer 212, and in particular the transmission line 118 define an input impedance of the transformer 212.
- the input impedance of the transformer is modified, which leads to a modification of the primary voltage, and therefore of the secondary voltage Vm. This property is used to detect a fault on the transmission line 118.
- the device 218 is thus also designed to analyze the measurement signal Sm corresponding to the secondary voltage Vm and to detect, from this analysis , a fault on the transmission line 118.
- the analysis of the measurement signal Sm comprises in particular a comparison of the measurement signal Sm with at least one mask and the detection of the fault on the transmission line 118 is made from parts of the measurement signal Sm outside of at least one of the template(s).
- two templates are used.
- a global template GB is first of all used, for example to detect partial discharges and electric arcs (from the English “arc tracking”) in the transmission line 118.
- This global mask GB follows, above and/or below, variations of the oscillating signal Se* and of an envelope of the coded signals Sde*, Sdr*.
- the device 218 thus comprises a module 238 for comparing the measurement signal Sm with the global template GB.
- the device 218 then comprises a statistical analysis module 242 designed to carry out a statistical analysis of the accumulated GB global template output times to detect a fault on the transmission line 118. This detection is indicated by the reference D1 on FIG. 2.
- the statistical analysis module 242 deduces the presence of a problem on the line, in particular a partial discharge and/or an electric arc.
- the outputs of the global template GB are considered too numerous, when, in a predefined interval, a ratio between a cumulative duration of these exits from the global template GB and a total duration of the interval, is greater than a predefined threshold.
- This threshold is for example between 2% and 10%, for example 5%.
- the statistical analysis module 242 counts for example the number of samples of the measurement signal Sm in the predefined interval which are outside the global template GB, calculates the ratio of this number of samples counted and the total number of samples in the interval and compares this ratio to the predefined threshold.
- the statistical analysis module 242 can also be designed to analyze a change over time of a frequency spectrum of the measurement signal Sm.
- the statistical analysis module 242 is designed to search for a high frequency peak and to determine its amplitude and its duration. Indeed, an electric arc will produce a high frequency peak of large amplitude that persists over time. On the contrary, a partial discharge produces a high frequency peak of low amplitude and brief. Thus, when a high frequency peak is found, a problem on the line is detected. Furthermore, depending on the amplitude and the duration of this high voltage peak, the statistical analysis module 242 distinguishes between a partial discharge and an electric arc.
- the frequency of the peak sought depends on the intrinsic characteristics of the line and of the end elements. Generally, the peak will be sought in frequencies beyond 10 MHz. Preferably, the search will be limited to frequencies below 100 MHz because the attenuations beyond 100 MHz are generally too great and therefore not significant. Thus, the search for the peak is for example carried out in the interval 10 MHz-100 MHz or else in one or more intervals comprised in the interval 10 MHz-100 MHz.
- the statistical analysis module 242 is designed to analyze a recurrence of this or these abnormal high frequency peaks found. Indeed, at the beginning of their appearance, the phenomena are generally very transient, characteristic of temporary disturbances and without operational impact. On the other hand, if the recurrence satisfies a condition indicating that it is becoming too frequent (for example, when the recurrence drops below a predefined threshold), problems on the link or even failure of the link may occur. shortly. Thus, an alert is preferably generated by the statistical analysis module 242 in this case. This alert is for example intended to be displayed on a screen or by an indicator light.
- the predefined recurrence threshold is for example between 2 and 10 peak detections per hour of operation of the transmission line.
- a precise template GP is also used.
- This precise mask GP follows, above and/or below, the variations of the data signals Sde*, Sdr*. It is therefore preferably established in real time as a function of the data transmitted Tx and received Rx.
- the device 218 thus comprises a module 244 for comparing the measurement signal Sm with the precise template GP. Each instant at which the measurement signal Sm leaves this precise template GP is recorded in an accumulator 246. Thus, the output instants are representative of an amplitude dispersion of the measurement signal Sm.
- the device 218 then comprises a statistical analysis module 248 designed to carry out a statistical analysis of the instants of output of the precise template GP accumulated to detect a fault on the transmission line 118. This detection is indicated by the reference D2 on FIG. 2.
- the statistical analysis module 248 is for example also designed to detect degradation of the shielding 124 of the coaxial cable. Indeed, if the shield 124 is damaged locally, the propagating signal encounters at this point an impedance different from the normal characteristic impedance of the coaxial cable.
- the module 248 can be designed to determine the presence of this offset part and to determine the length (i.e. the duration t) of this offset part. If the module 248 detects the presence of an offset part, it can then be designed to locate along the transmission line 118 the fault from the duration t, and from known characteristics of the transmission line 118. [0103] Returning to FIG.
- the measurement signal Sm comprises a series of rises and falls corresponding respectively to the rises and falls of the oscillating signal Se.
- the data processing device 218 further comprises a module 250 for decoding the coded signal Sdr* present on the other among the rises and falls of the measurement signal Sm.
- This Sdr* coded signal includes Rx data coming from the monitoring system 130 which is identical to the monitoring system 128.
- the monitoring systems 128, 130 can exchange data.
- the same measurements current and/or transmission line fault
- the monitoring systems monitoring 128, 130 then communicate with each other, so that it is possible to communicate to the central units of the aircraft, a global and redundant state of the transmission line concerned. In the event of a discrepancy between the two measurements, the system can be declared faulty and taken out of service, isolated from the rest of the electrical distribution system. Still with reference to FIG. 2, the device 218 includes a module 252 for analyzing the measurement signal Sm to detect degradation of the insulation 122 of the coaxial cable. This detection is denoted D3 in FIG. 2. [0107] Indeed, with reference to FIG. this Sdr* coded signal. These rising and falling edges thus have very short rise times tm and fall times td.
- the statistical analysis module 248 is designed to determine and follow the evolution of the rise times tm and fall times td to deduce therefrom a degradation of the insulation 122 over time, in other words an aging of the cable, which has repercussions on the dielectric characteristics of the cable. In particular, the high frequency losses are likely to increase.
- the accumulation of the determinations of the rise times tm and fall times td during the life of the coaxial cable makes it possible to monitor the aging of the cable and to measure its speed.
- the analysis module 252 can be designed to compare these rise times tm and fall times td with respective predefined thresholds making it possible to determine, in the event of an overrun, the moment from which it will be prudent to replace the transmission line. 118.
- the causes of degradation of the cable insulation are multiple and can result, for example, from high operating temperatures.
- FIG. 10 Another example of implementation of the monitoring system 128 will now be described.
- the monitoring system 130 can also be according to this variant.
- the monitoring system 128 of Figure 10 is similar to that of Figure 2, except that the impedance Z is connected between the first end of the coil 216 and electrical ground. In addition, in this embodiment, the voltage Vm is measured at the terminals of the impedance Z.
- the voltage Vm is thus proportional to the integral of the total magnetic flux ⁇ forming the internal signal, which substantially corresponds to a pass filtering down.
- the analog-to-digital conversion by the converter 226 is facilitated, the associated frequency spectrum being naturally limited to low frequencies.
- a monitoring system according to the invention makes it possible to measure the current of the transmission line, as well as to detect a fault in this transmission line.
- the invention is not limited to the embodiments described above and provided by way of example. It encompasses various modifications, alternative forms or other variants that a person skilled in the art may consider, within the scope of the invention.
- the analysis modules 242, 248 could use self-learning and artificial intelligence methods based on the intrinsic data obtained.
- modules could also be designed to receive and use other data such as environmental temperatures, pressure (or altitude) parameters, vibration levels, as well as any other parameter likely to influence the monitored transmission line health.
- data such as environmental temperatures, pressure (or altitude) parameters, vibration levels, as well as any other parameter likely to influence the monitored transmission line health.
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Testing Of Short-Circuits, Discontinuities, Leakage, Or Incorrect Line Connections (AREA)
- Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
Abstract
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Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US18/257,828 US20240053396A1 (en) | 2020-12-21 | 2021-12-17 | Monitoring of a transmission line |
CN202180085675.9A CN116615661A (zh) | 2020-12-21 | 2021-12-17 | 传输线路的监测 |
EP21854932.7A EP4264290A1 (fr) | 2020-12-21 | 2021-12-17 | Surveillance d'une ligne de transmission |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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FR2013812A FR3118184B1 (fr) | 2020-12-21 | 2020-12-21 | Surveillance d’une ligne de transmission |
FRFR2013812 | 2020-12-21 |
Publications (1)
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WO2022136783A1 true WO2022136783A1 (fr) | 2022-06-30 |
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PCT/FR2021/052396 WO2022136783A1 (fr) | 2020-12-21 | 2021-12-17 | Surveillance d'une ligne de transmission |
Country Status (5)
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US (1) | US20240053396A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP4264290A1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN116615661A (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3118184B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2022136783A1 (fr) |
Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1316134A1 (fr) * | 2000-09-05 | 2003-06-04 | WRAP S.p.A. | Procede, systeme et dispositifs permettant la transmission de donnees dans un reseau electrique |
US6984979B1 (en) * | 2003-02-01 | 2006-01-10 | Edel Thomas G | Measurement and control of magnetomotive force in current transformers and other magnetic bodies |
EP1889377A2 (fr) * | 2005-06-06 | 2008-02-20 | Lutron Electrics Co., Inc. | Systeme de commande d'eclairages et de moteurs |
FR2930041A1 (fr) * | 2008-04-11 | 2009-10-16 | Ece Soc Par Actions Simplifiee | Dispositif de detection d'un defaut electrique dans un reseau alternatif. |
JP2014130061A (ja) * | 2012-12-28 | 2014-07-10 | Fuji Electric Fa Components & Systems Co Ltd | 直流電流検知装置 |
US10203363B2 (en) * | 2016-12-14 | 2019-02-12 | General Electric Company | DC leakage current detector and method of operation thereof for leakage current detection in DC power circuits |
FR3083365A1 (fr) | 2018-06-27 | 2020-01-03 | Safran Electronics & Defense | Transformateur comportant un circuit imprime |
FR3083321A1 (fr) | 2018-06-27 | 2020-01-03 | Safran Electronics & Defense | Capteur de courant a vanne de flux |
US20200185902A1 (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2020-06-11 | Schneider Electric USA, Inc. | Low cost high frequency sensor for arc-fault detection |
-
2020
- 2020-12-21 FR FR2013812A patent/FR3118184B1/fr active Active
-
2021
- 2021-12-17 WO PCT/FR2021/052396 patent/WO2022136783A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2021-12-17 EP EP21854932.7A patent/EP4264290A1/fr active Pending
- 2021-12-17 CN CN202180085675.9A patent/CN116615661A/zh active Pending
- 2021-12-17 US US18/257,828 patent/US20240053396A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1316134A1 (fr) * | 2000-09-05 | 2003-06-04 | WRAP S.p.A. | Procede, systeme et dispositifs permettant la transmission de donnees dans un reseau electrique |
US6984979B1 (en) * | 2003-02-01 | 2006-01-10 | Edel Thomas G | Measurement and control of magnetomotive force in current transformers and other magnetic bodies |
EP1889377A2 (fr) * | 2005-06-06 | 2008-02-20 | Lutron Electrics Co., Inc. | Systeme de commande d'eclairages et de moteurs |
FR2930041A1 (fr) * | 2008-04-11 | 2009-10-16 | Ece Soc Par Actions Simplifiee | Dispositif de detection d'un defaut electrique dans un reseau alternatif. |
JP2014130061A (ja) * | 2012-12-28 | 2014-07-10 | Fuji Electric Fa Components & Systems Co Ltd | 直流電流検知装置 |
US10203363B2 (en) * | 2016-12-14 | 2019-02-12 | General Electric Company | DC leakage current detector and method of operation thereof for leakage current detection in DC power circuits |
FR3083365A1 (fr) | 2018-06-27 | 2020-01-03 | Safran Electronics & Defense | Transformateur comportant un circuit imprime |
FR3083321A1 (fr) | 2018-06-27 | 2020-01-03 | Safran Electronics & Defense | Capteur de courant a vanne de flux |
US20200185902A1 (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2020-06-11 | Schneider Electric USA, Inc. | Low cost high frequency sensor for arc-fault detection |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN116615661A (zh) | 2023-08-18 |
FR3118184B1 (fr) | 2022-12-23 |
US20240053396A1 (en) | 2024-02-15 |
FR3118184A1 (fr) | 2022-06-24 |
EP4264290A1 (fr) | 2023-10-25 |
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