WO2022135491A1 - Positive-pressure oven baking process for coke oven - Google Patents

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of coke oven baking, and particularly relates to a positive-pressure oven baking process for a coke oven. The positive-pressure oven baking process for the coke oven comprises: 1) calculating the number of heating days by using the maximum daily expansion rate of 0.035-0.05%, and drawing a heating curve of the coke oven; 2) only arranging a pipeline at a single side of each coke oven, and each two burners sharing one set of positive-pressure oven baking device, i.e., each two carbonization chambers only use one set of positive-pressure oven baking device; 3) controlling the pressure of each carbonization chamber to be 50-300 Pa; 4) setting the air coefficient values α of different temperature intervals, and by means of a measurement result of an online exhaust gas analysis instrument, calculating an actual air coefficient α1; 5) setting the air coefficient values α (2-40) of different temperature intervals, so that the actual air coefficient value α1 is kept within a set α range; and 6) after the temperature of the coke oven reaches a required temperature, ending an oven baking process. The present application can significantly reduce the cost of an oven baking device, shortens the number of days of oven baking, improves the tightness of an oven body, thereby better achieving the reduction control of the pollutant source of the coke oven, and prolonging the expected service life of the coke oven.

Description

A coke oven positive pressure drying process

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims the priority of the Chinese patent application with the application number 202011532670.X and the title of "A Coke Oven Positive Pressure Oven Process" filed with the State Intellectual Property Office of China on December 23, 2020, the entire contents of which are by reference Incorporated in this application.

technical field

The present application relates to the technical field of coke oven ovens, in particular to a coke oven positive pressure oven process.

Background technique

The coke oven oven is an operation process in which the coke oven is heated from normal temperature to the temperature when it is transferred to normal heating (or coal charging). The process is very important and complicated, and the life of the coke oven has a crucial impact. At present, coke oven drying methods can be divided into two types: negative pressure oven and positive pressure oven. The main driving force of the air and the exhaust gas after combustion in the negative pressure oven comes from the suction of the chimney, and the main driving force of the air and the exhaust gas after combustion in the positive pressure oven of the coke oven mainly comes from the fan. The coke oven positive pressure oven can ensure that the whole furnace maintains positive pressure during the whole oven process. Because the process is more scientific, it is more and more recognized by the market.

However, the current positive pressure oven technology still has defects such as complex equipment, high cost, imperfect automatic control, and inaccurate control of some important process parameters in the oven process.

The related positive pressure oven technology has at least the following deficiencies:

1) The current positive pressure oven process needs to insert oven burners on both sides of the coke in the carbonization chamber at the same time, and each burner is equipped with a set of positive pressure oven equipment (transporting gas and air), which means that each hole of the carbonization chamber Two sets of oven equipment are required, which means that oven pipes and oven equipment need to be arranged on the coke side of the coke oven machine at the same time;

2) The automation control degree of the current positive pressure oven technology is relatively backward, at most it can automatically adjust the gas volume of the oven according to the set heating curve, but the air volume required for gas combustion cannot be automatically controlled;

3) The current positive pressure oven process only monitors the pressure of the carbonization chamber during the oven process, and does not control the pressure value of the carbonization chamber. The pressure distribution in the furnace during the oven does not match the pressure in the carbonization chamber during the actual production of the coke oven. ;

4) The current positive pressure oven process basically continues the practice of the negative pressure oven process when setting the heating curve. Generally, the maximum daily expansion rate of 0.03% to 0.035% is used for calculation, so the corresponding oven days are also relatively small. many.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present application provides a coke oven positive pressure oven process, which can significantly reduce the cost of oven equipment, shorten oven days, and improve the tightness of the oven body, so as to better control the source of coke oven pollutants and prolong the The life expectancy of coke ovens, thus at least solving the deficiencies of related technologies.

The application provides a coke oven positive pressure drying process, and the coke oven positive pressure drying process may include the following steps:

1) Use the maximum daily expansion rate of 0.04% to calculate the heating days, divide the expansion amount of the silica brick in each temperature interval to the determined maximum daily expansion rate to calculate and determine the actual heating days, draw the coke oven heating curve, and compile according to the heating curve oven program;

2) Arrange oven pipes on one side of the coke oven, connect the oven gas pipes with the gas inlets of all positive pressure oven equipment, connect the gas and air outlets of the positive pressure oven equipment with the burner, and insert the burner into Carbonization chamber, complete the installation of oven pipes and equipment;

Each coke oven can only have pipes arranged on one side (machine side or coke side), and each carbonization chamber can also have a burner inserted on only one side of the pipes, and every two burners can share a set of positive pressure oven equipment , that is, only one set of positive pressure oven equipment can be used for every two carbonization chambers.

The positive pressure oven equipment may include an electromechanical integrated gas supply device and an air supply device, and the air supply device may be provided with a variable frequency fan; the design and construction of the oven pipeline and the equipment installation are carried out according to the above ideas;

3) When the coke oven starts to dry, air and gas are fed into the burner for combustion through the electromechanical integrated gas supply device and the air supply device, and hot gas is continuously blown into the carbonization chamber, so that the whole furnace is kept positive during the entire drying process. At the same time, the pressure of the carbonization chamber is controlled from 50Pa to 300Pa by controlling the flap of the flue and the flap of the exhaust gas switch;

4) Set the air coefficient α values in different temperature ranges, and at the same time set an online exhaust gas analysis instrument in the coke oven flue, and calculate the actual air coefficient α ₁ through the measurement results of the online exhaust gas analysis instrument,

α ₁ =1+0.43×(O ₂ −0.5CO)/(CO ₂ +CO);

where:

α ₁ is the actual air coefficient;

O ₂ is the oxygen mass percentage content;

CO is the mass percentage of carbon monoxide;

CO ₂ is the mass percentage of carbon dioxide;

5) Set the air coefficient α value (2 to 40) in different temperature ranges, compare the difference between the actual value α ₁ of the air coefficient and the set value α online, and automatically adjust the fan frequency through the PID algorithm. When α ₁ > α , reduce the fan frequency, when α ₁ <α, increase the fan frequency to keep the actual value of the air coefficient α ₁ within the set α range; realize the automatic adjustment of the air volume in the oven process to ensure a reasonable coke oven height proportional to temperature.

6) After the coke oven temperature reaches the required temperature, the oven process ends.

Compared with the related art, the beneficial effects of the present application are at least:

1) The oven pipeline is arranged on one side (machine side or coke side) of the coke oven, and each two-hole carbonization chamber shares a set of positive pressure oven equipment (mechatronics gas supply device, air supply device). The pressure oven process requires two sets of positive pressure oven equipment for each hole of the carbonization chamber, which greatly saves the cost, and the vehicle debugging and other work can be carried out on the side where the pipes are not laid during the oven, which is convenient for other coke oven production preparations Work;

2) During the drying process, the pressure of the carbonization chamber is controlled from 50Pa to 300Pa by controlling the coke oven flue flap and the exhaust gas switch flap, so that the furnace pressure distribution during the drying process is consistent with production, and the furnace body is guaranteed to be tight. , to improve the quality of the oven;

3) Compare the measurement results of the online exhaust gas analysis instrument with the set air coefficient, and automatically adjust the air distribution, which makes the proportional control of the coke oven temperature in the high direction more accurate, improves the quality of the oven, and also reduces the fan air volume and greatly reduces energy consumption. ;

4) Due to the setting of a more reasonable carbonization chamber pressure value and the use of a more advanced automatic adjustment process for air distribution, the defects of the traditional negative pressure oven process are completely overcome, and the coke oven expansion is more uniform during the oven, so 0.04% can be adopted. The maximum daily expansion rate can be used to calculate the heating curve, which can shorten the coke oven drying time by about 7 days to 10 days.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a coke oven heating curve diagram of the present application;

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the application in the coke oven coke side arranging oven pipeline;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a set of positive pressure oven equipment shared by the carbonization chambers of the present application.

In the picture: 1- coke side 2- oven pipeline 3- machine side 4- positive pressure oven equipment 5- carbonization chamber.

Detailed ways

The specific embodiments of the present application will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

Example:

A coke oven oven process with positive pressure, the coke oven oven process in which the carbonization chamber pressure is positive pressure, specifically comprises the following steps:

1) As shown in Figure 1, after obtaining the coke oven silica brick sample expansion data, divide the expansion amount of the silica brick in each temperature interval to the determined maximum daily expansion rate to calculate and determine the actual heating days, using the maximum daily expansion rate of 0.04%. The expansion rate calculates that the heating days are 56 days, the abscissa is the heating days, and the ordinate is the temperature. The coke oven oven heating curve is drawn, and the oven plan is compiled according to the heating curve.

2) As shown in Figure 2, when designing the oven piping drawing, one side of the coke oven is the coke side 1, the other side is the machine side 3, and the oven piping 2 is arranged on the coke side 1 of the coke oven.

As shown in FIG. 3 , a set of positive pressure oven equipment 4 is used for every two carbonization chambers 5 . The positive pressure oven equipment 4 includes an electromechanical integrated gas supply device and an air supply device, and the air supply device is provided with a variable frequency fan.

3) After the coke oven starts drying, the air and gas are fed into the burner for combustion through the electromechanical integrated gas supply device and the air supply device of the positive pressure oven equipment 4 .

The hot gas is continuously blown into the carbonization chamber to keep the whole furnace at positive pressure during the whole drying process.

4) Set the air coefficient α values in different temperature ranges as shown in Table 1,

Table 1 Air Coefficient Values at Different Temperature Sections

Temperature range (℃)	Below 50	50～100	100～200	200～300	300～500	500～700	700 or more
Air coefficient α	30～40	20～30	15～20	10～15	5 to 10	3 to 5	2 to 3

At the same time, an online exhaust gas analysis instrument is installed in the coke oven flue to measure the oxygen mass percentage content, carbon monoxide mass percentage content, and carbon dioxide mass percentage content online, and the actual air coefficient is calculated through the measurement results of the online exhaust gas analysis instrument during the oven process. α ₁ ,

α ₁ =1+0.43×(O ₂ −0.5CO)/(CO ₂ +CO);

where:

α ₁ is the actual air coefficient;

O ₂ is the oxygen mass percentage content;

CO is the mass percentage of carbon monoxide;

CO ₂ is the mass percentage of carbon dioxide;

5) Compare the difference between the actual value α ₁ of the air coefficient and the set value α online, and automatically adjust the fan frequency through the PID algorithm. When α ₁ >α, reduce the fan frequency, when α ₁ <α, increase the fan frequency, Keep the actual value _of the air coefficient α1 within the set α range; realize the automatic adjustment of the air volume during the oven process, accurately supply the required air volume, and ensure a reasonable coke oven height to temperature ratio.

6) When the temperature of the coke oven running straight reaches 800°C, the coke oven is turned into the basement for heating, the oven equipment and pipes are removed, and the oven process is finished.

In this application, oven pipes can be arranged on one side of the coke oven (machine side 3 or coke side 2), and each two-hole carbonization chamber 5 shares a set of positive pressure oven equipment 4 (mechatronics gas supply device, air supply device) , compared with the existing positive pressure oven process, each hole of the carbonization chamber requires two sets of positive pressure oven equipment, which greatly saves the cost, and the vehicle debugging and other work can be carried out on the side where the pipes are not laid during the oven, which is convenient to implement other Preparation work before coke oven production; during the oven process, the coke oven flue flap and the exhaust gas switch flap are controlled to control the carbonization chamber pressure from 50Pa to 300Pa, so that the furnace pressure distribution during the oven process is consistent with production , to ensure the tightness of the furnace body and improve the quality of the oven; the measurement results of the online exhaust gas analysis instrument are compared with the set air coefficient, and the air distribution volume is automatically adjusted, making the coke oven high temperature proportional control more accurate, improving the oven quality, and at the same time. The air volume of the fan is reduced, and the energy consumption is greatly reduced; due to the more reasonable pressure value of the carbonization chamber and the use of a more advanced automatic adjustment process of air distribution, it completely overcomes the defects of the traditional negative pressure oven process, and the coke oven expands during the oven. It is more uniform, so the maximum daily expansion rate of 0.04% can be used to calculate the heating curve, which can shorten the coke oven drying time by about 7 to 10 days.

The above are only the preferred specific embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. The equivalent replacement or change of the inventive concept thereof shall be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Industrial Applicability

The present application provides a coke oven positive pressure drying process. The coke oven positive pressure drying process includes: 1) using the maximum daily expansion rate of 0.035 to 0.05% to calculate the heating days, and drawing the coke oven heating curve; 2) each coke oven only arranges pipes on one side, and every two burners A set of positive pressure oven equipment is shared, that is, only one set of positive pressure oven equipment is used for every two carbonization chambers; 3) The pressure of the carbonization chamber is controlled to 50-300Pa; Calculate the actual air coefficient α ₁ from the measurement result of the exhaust gas analyzer; 5) Set the air coefficient α value (2-40) in different temperature ranges, so that the actual value α ₁ of the air coefficient is kept within the set α range; 6 ) After the coke oven temperature reaches the required temperature, the oven process ends. It can significantly reduce the cost of oven equipment, shorten the number of days in the oven, and improve the tightness of the oven body, so as to better control the source of pollutants in the coke oven and prolong the life expectancy of the coke oven.

Furthermore, it will be appreciated that the coke oven positive pressure oven process of the present application is reproducible and can be used in a variety of industrial applications. For example, the coke oven positive pressure oven process of the present application can be used in the technical field of coke oven ovens.

Claims (9)

1. A coke oven positive pressure oven process, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

   1) After obtaining the coke oven silica brick sample expansion data, divide the expansion amount of the silica brick in each temperature interval to the determined maximum daily expansion rate to calculate and determine the actual heating days, draw the coke oven oven heating curve, and according to the heating curve Prepare oven plan;

   2) Arrange oven pipes on one side of the coke oven, connect the oven gas pipes with the gas inlets of all positive pressure oven equipment, connect the gas and air outlets of the positive pressure oven equipment with the burner, and insert the burner into Carbonization chamber, complete the installation of oven pipes and equipment;

   3) When the coke oven starts to dry, the positive pressure oven equipment sends air and gas into the burner for combustion, and continuously blows hot gas into the carbonization chamber, so that the whole furnace maintains positive pressure during the entire oven process;

   4) Set the air coefficient α values in different temperature ranges, and at the same time set up an online exhaust gas analyzer at the flue of the coke oven, as shown in the following formula, calculate the actual air coefficient α ₁ through the measurement results of the online exhaust gas analyzer,

   α ₁ =1+0.43×(O ₂ −0.5CO)/(CO ₂ +CO);

   where:

   α ₁ is the actual air coefficient;

   O ₂ is the oxygen mass percentage content;

   CO is the mass percentage of carbon monoxide;

   CO ₂ is the mass percentage of carbon dioxide;

   5) During the process of the oven, compare the difference between the actual value α ₁ of the air coefficient and the set value α online, and adjust the fan frequency to keep the actual value α ₁ of the air coefficient consistent with the set value α;

   6) After the coke oven temperature reaches the required temperature, the oven process ends.
2. A coke oven positive pressure drying process according to claim 1, wherein the step 1) adopts the maximum daily expansion rate of 0.035% to 0.05% to calculate the heating days.
3. The coke oven positive pressure drying process according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, in step 2) each coke oven is only arranged with pipes on one side, and each carbonization chamber is also inserted only on one side where the pipes are arranged. Burner, every two burners share a set of positive pressure oven equipment, that is, only one set of positive pressure oven equipment is used for every two carbonization chambers.
4. The coke oven positive pressure drying process according to claim 3, wherein the single side is the machine side or the coke side.
5. The coke oven positive pressure drying process according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, the positive pressure drying equipment comprises an electromechanical integrated gas supply device and an air supply device, and the air supply device is provided with a variable frequency fan.
6. The coke oven positive pressure drying process according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the step 3) controls the coking chamber by controlling the coke oven flue flap and the exhaust gas shutter flap pressure.
7. The coke oven positive pressure drying process according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, in the step 3), the pressure of the carbonization chamber is controlled at 50Pa to 300Pa.
8. The coke oven positive pressure drying process according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein in the step 4), the air coefficient α values in different temperature intervals are set to be 2 to 40.
9. The coke oven positive pressure drying process according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the step 5) compares the difference between the actual value α ₁ of the air coefficient and the set value α online, through The PID algorithm automatically adjusts the fan frequency. When α ₁ >α, reduce the fan frequency. When α ₁ <α, increase the fan frequency to keep the actual value of the air coefficient α ₁ within the set α range; realize the oven During the process, the air volume is automatically adjusted to ensure a reasonable coke oven height-to-temperature ratio.

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