WO2022118874A1 - 溶射用粒子、溶射用粒子の製造方法、および溶射被膜 - Google Patents
溶射用粒子、溶射用粒子の製造方法、および溶射被膜 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022118874A1 WO2022118874A1 PCT/JP2021/044056 JP2021044056W WO2022118874A1 WO 2022118874 A1 WO2022118874 A1 WO 2022118874A1 JP 2021044056 W JP2021044056 W JP 2021044056W WO 2022118874 A1 WO2022118874 A1 WO 2022118874A1
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- Prior art keywords
- particles
- aluminum
- region
- mass
- thermal spraying
- Prior art date
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 472
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 title claims description 72
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 37
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 title abstract description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 177
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 176
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 136
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 238000007751 thermal spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 115
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 61
- 229910015372 FeAl Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- CYUOWZRAOZFACA-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum iron Chemical compound [Al].[Fe] CYUOWZRAOZFACA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- IRPGOXJVTQTAAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropanal Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C=O IRPGOXJVTQTAAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- KLZUFWVZNOTSEM-UHFFFAOYSA-K Aluminum fluoride Inorganic materials F[Al](F)F KLZUFWVZNOTSEM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004599 antimicrobial Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M iron chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Fe] FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- SHXXPRJOPFJRHA-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(iii) fluoride Chemical compound F[Fe](F)F SHXXPRJOPFJRHA-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 51
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 24
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 19
- 238000005987 sulfurization reaction Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 12
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000003832 thermite Substances 0.000 description 7
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000007749 high velocity oxygen fuel spraying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 4
- KCZFLPPCFOHPNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;iron Chemical compound [AlH3].[Fe] KCZFLPPCFOHPNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002149 energy-dispersive X-ray emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007750 plasma spraying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 aluminum particles Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011258 core-shell material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000635 electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012798 spherical particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/06—Metallic material
- C23C4/08—Metallic material containing only metal elements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/06—Metallic material
- C23C4/067—Metallic material containing free particles of non-metal elements, e.g. carbon, silicon, boron, phosphorus or arsenic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/06—Metallic powder characterised by the shape of the particles
- B22F1/065—Spherical particles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C30/00—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
- C23C4/126—Detonation spraying
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
- C23C4/129—Flame spraying
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
- C23C4/134—Plasma spraying
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/18—After-treatment
Definitions
- the present invention relates to thermal spraying particles, a method for producing thermal spraying particles, and a thermal spray coating.
- the thermal spraying technique of melt-injecting particles such as metal or ceramics using a heat source to form a film on the surface of the object to be treated is used in various fields.
- Reference 1 describes that atmospheric plasma spraying is performed using a thermal spraying raw material powder containing iron and aluminum to form a film of an iron-aluminum-based metal compound on the surface of stainless steel.
- Citation 1 describes that the thermal spray coating described in Citation 1 can be used as a surface treatment coating for a metal constituting a glass transport roll.
- the spraying raw material powder in Reference 1 is prepared by firing a mixed powder containing an iron-aluminum intermetallic compound powder and an iron-containing powder at a high temperature. According to the inventors of the present application, it is recognized that each particle contained in the thermal spraying raw material powder has an aluminum-deficient region. Therefore, it is considered that even in the thermal spray coating formed by using such a thermal spraying raw material powder, a deficient region of aluminum is generated, and as a result, good high temperature sulfurization resistance cannot be obtained.
- the present invention has been made in view of such a background, and an object of the present invention is to provide thermal spraying particles having good high temperature sulfurization resistance as compared with the conventional invention. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing such thermal spraying particles. Furthermore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a thermal spray coating having good high temperature sulfurization resistance as compared with the prior art.
- the present invention It ’s a spraying particle, Approximately spherical, containing iron and aluminum, The amount of aluminum contained in the sprayed particles is in the range of 32% by mass to 48% by mass.
- the spraying particles are In the first region where the aluminum concentration is in the range of 22% by mass to 37% by mass, A second region with an aluminum concentration in the range of 40% by mass to 50% by mass, Particles for thermal spraying are provided.
- the particles to be treated containing iron, the aluminum source, the activator containing a halide, and the antisintering agent are mixed to obtain mixed particles.
- the mixed particles are heated and the particles to be treated are carolized using the gaps between the antisintering agents formed by the antisintering agents to obtain a treated mixture containing aluminum penetrating particles.
- a production method is provided in which the antisintering agent is removed from the treated mixture to obtain thermal spraying particles.
- a thermal spray coating containing an aluminum-iron alloy containing an aluminum-iron alloy.
- the mass ratio (Al / Fe) of aluminum and iron contained in one flat particle is in the range of 32/68 to 48/52.
- a sprayed coating is provided in which needle-like or spherical oxides having a maximum dimension in the range of 0.1 ⁇ m to 2 ⁇ m are mixed in the flat particles.
- thermal spraying particles having better high temperature sulfurization resistance than conventional particles. Further, the present invention can provide a method for producing such thermal spraying particles. Further, in the present invention, it is possible to provide a thermal spray coating having good high temperature sulfurization resistance as compared with the conventional one.
- the particles contained in the thermal spraying raw material powder described in Cited Document 1 include an aluminum deficient region, and therefore, an aluminum deficient region also occurs in the obtained thermal spray coating. Therefore, it cannot be said that the thermal spray coating in Cited Document 1 has very good high-temperature sulfurization resistance.
- It a spraying particle, Approximately spherical, containing iron and aluminum, The amount of aluminum contained in the sprayed particles is in the range of 32% by mass to 48% by mass.
- the spraying particles are In the first region where the aluminum concentration is in the range of 22% by mass to 37% by mass, A second region with an aluminum concentration in the range of 40% by mass to 50% by mass, Particles for thermal spraying are provided.
- the thermal spraying particles according to one embodiment of the present invention have a first region having a low aluminum concentration and a second region having a high aluminum concentration. However, the thermal spraying particles also contain 22% by mass or more of aluminum even in the first region.
- the first region mainly has a FeAl phase
- the second region mainly has a mixed phase of FeAl 2 and FeAl.
- the thermal spraying particles according to one embodiment of the present invention contain aluminum throughout the particles. Therefore, when a thermal spray coating is formed using such thermal spray particles, the generation of aluminum-deficient regions is significantly suppressed, and it is possible to provide a thermal spray coating having good high-temperature sulfurization resistance as compared with the conventional case. ..
- the particles to be treated containing iron, the aluminum source, the activator containing a halide, and the antisintering agent are mixed to obtain mixed particles.
- the mixed particles are heated and the particles to be treated are carolized using the gaps between the antisintering agents formed by the antisintering agents to obtain a treated mixture containing aluminum penetrating particles.
- a production method is provided in which the antisintering agent is removed from the treated mixture to obtain thermal spraying particles.
- the particles to be treated are impregnated with aluminum by utilizing the carolizing treatment.
- treated mixture becomes a lumpy form in which all the particles are firmly fixed to each other.
- the calorizing treatment is carried out by utilizing the gap formed between the antisintering agents.
- the treated mixture produced after the carolizing treatment is not in the form of agglomerated as a whole, but in a state in which the spraying particles and the antisintering agent are separated from each other.
- the antisintering agent can be relatively easily removed from the treated mixture after the carolizing treatment. Further, as a result, the spraying particles can be separated and recovered relatively easily.
- the particles to be treated can be appropriately carolized, and the particles for thermal spraying containing aluminum throughout can be obtained.
- a thermal spray coating containing an aluminum-iron alloy containing an aluminum-iron alloy.
- the mass ratio (Al / Fe) of aluminum and iron contained in one flat particle is in the range of 32/68 to 48/52.
- a sprayed coating is provided in which needle-like or spherical oxides having a maximum dimension in the range of 0.1 ⁇ m to 2 ⁇ m are mixed in the flat particles.
- the thermal spray coating according to the embodiment of the present invention has not only good high temperature sulfurization resistance but also good strength due to the presence of fine oxides in the flat particles.
- FIG. 1 schematically shows a cross section of a thermal spraying particle (hereinafter referred to as “first particle”) according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the cross section of the first particle shown in FIG. 1 is the "maximum cross section".
- the "maximum cross section” means a cross section passing through the center of a particle.
- the diameter of the "maximum cross section” has substantially the same dimensions as the diameter of the particles.
- the first particle 100 has a substantially spherical shape.
- substantially spherical or “substantially spherical” is not limited to a pure sphere, and includes an ellipse having a dimensional difference of ⁇ 20% or less in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction orthogonal to each other. Means.
- the cross section of the first particle 100 (maximum cross section; the same applies hereinafter) has two regions having different aluminum concentrations.
- first region 110 the region having a relatively low aluminum concentration
- second region 120 the region having a relatively high aluminum concentration
- the core portion constitutes the first region 110 and the outer layer constitutes the second region 120.
- the second region 120 is arranged so as to surround the first region 110.
- the boundary between the first region 110 and the second region 120 is drawn with a clear line, but it is often recognized that the boundary between the two is ambiguous.
- the first particle 100 contains iron and aluminum, and the concentration of aluminum contained in the entire cross section of the first particle 100 is in the range of 32 wt% to 48 wt%.
- the concentration of aluminum may be, for example, in the range of 35 wt% to 45 wt%.
- the concentration of iron contained in the entire cross section of the first particle 100 may be, for example, in the range of 52 wt% to 68 wt%. However, the concentration of iron is lower than this range when the first particle 100 further contains an element described later.
- the concentrations of aluminum and iron contained in the entire cross section of the first particle 100 can be measured by energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis method or electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA) analysis method.
- EDX energy dispersive X-ray
- EPMA electron probe microanalyzer
- the first particle 100 may contain an element other than iron and aluminum (hereinafter referred to as "third element").
- the third element contains, for example, at least one of chromium, nickel, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, and carbon.
- the third element may be contained in the range of 0.05 wt% to 1 wt% in total.
- the iron concentration is the concentration obtained by subtracting the concentration of the third element from the above range (52 wt% to 68 wt%). That is, the third element exists as a substitute element for iron or an unavoidable impurity.
- the first region 110 of the first particle 100 mainly contains the FeAl phase.
- the concentration of aluminum contained in the first region 110 is in the range of 22 wt% to 37 wt%.
- the concentration of aluminum may be, for example, in the range of 25 wt% to 35 wt%.
- the second region 120 of the first particle 100 mainly contains a mixed phase of the FeAl phase and the FeAl 2 phase.
- the concentration of aluminum contained in the second region 120 is in the range of 40 wt% to 50 wt%.
- the concentration of aluminum may be, for example, in the range of 42 wt% to 48 wt%.
- the concentration of aluminum in the first region 110 and the second region 120 in the first particle 100 can be measured by EDX analysis or EPMA analysis in which each portion is selected. Further, the constituent phases contained in each of the first region 110 and the second region 120 can be identified by the X-ray diffraction analysis method.
- the ratio of the area occupied by the second region 120 is, for example, 5% or more.
- the area ratio can be evaluated by binarizing the contrast of the Al concentration using the SEM reflected electron image of the cross section.
- the average particle size of the first particle 100 is in the range of 5 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m.
- the average particle size of the first particles 100 is preferably in the range of 10 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m.
- the average particle size of the thermal spraying particles according to the embodiment of the present invention is measured by the method specified in JIS Z8801 as described later.
- Aluminum is contained in the first particle 100 over the entire particle. Therefore, when the first particle 100 is used as a thermal spraying particle to form a thermal spray coating, it is possible to significantly suppress the formation of an aluminum deficient region.
- the first particle 100 can be used as a thermal spraying particle when forming a thermal spray coating having excellent high temperature sulfurization resistance.
- FIG. 2 schematically shows a cross section of a thermal spraying particle (hereinafter referred to as “second particle”) according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- the cross section shown in FIG. 2 is the "maximum cross section" of the second particle.
- the second particle 200 has a substantially spherical shape. Further, the cross section of the second particle 200 has two regions having different aluminum concentrations.
- the two regions are arranged in a "mottled manner".
- the second region 220 having a relatively high aluminum concentration is distributed "island-like" with respect to the "sea" of the first region 210 having a relatively low aluminum concentration. ..
- the "sea-like" first region 210 and the “island-like" second region 220 constitute the entire cross section of the second particle 200.
- both the first region 210 and the second region 220 are present even on the outermost surface.
- the second particle 200 contains iron and aluminum, and the concentration of aluminum contained in the entire cross section of the second particle 200 is in the range of 32 wt% to 48 wt%.
- the concentration of aluminum may be, for example, in the range of 35 wt% to 45 wt%.
- the concentration of iron contained in the entire cross section of the second particle 200 may be, for example, in the range of 52 wt% to 68 wt%. However, as described above, the concentration of iron is lower than this range when the second particle 200 contains the third element.
- the first region 210 of the second particle 200 mainly contains the FeAl phase.
- the concentration of aluminum contained in the first region 210 is in the range of 22 wt% to 37 wt%.
- the concentration of aluminum may be, for example, in the range of 25 wt% to 35 wt%.
- the second region 220 of the second particle 200 mainly contains a mixed phase of the FeAl phase and the FeAl 2 phase.
- the concentration of aluminum contained in the second region 220 is in the range of 40 wt% to 50 wt%.
- the concentration of aluminum may be, for example, in the range of 42 wt% to 48 wt%.
- the average particle size of the second particle 200 is in the range of 5 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m.
- the average particle size of the second particle 200 is preferably in the range of 10 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m.
- the ratio of the area occupied by the second region 220 is, for example, 5% or more.
- the second particle 200 aluminum is contained in the entire particle. Therefore, when the second particle 200 is used as a thermal spraying particle to form a thermal spray coating, it is possible to significantly suppress the formation of an aluminum deficient region.
- the second particle 200 can be used as a thermal spraying particle when forming a thermal spray coating having excellent high temperature sulfurization resistance.
- FIG. 3 schematically shows a cross section of a thermal spraying particle (hereinafter referred to as “third particle”) according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
- the cross section shown in FIG. 3 is the "maximum cross section" of the third particle.
- the third particle 300 has the same morphology as the first particle 100 shown in FIG. 1 described above. That is, the third particle 300 has a core portion constituting the first region 310 having a relatively low aluminum concentration and an outer layer constituting the second region 320 having a relatively high aluminum concentration.
- the third particle 300 has a rod-shaped (or spherical) precipitate 330.
- the precipitate 330 is distributed in a substantially ring shape around the center of the third particle 300.
- the radial dimension of each precipitate 330 is, for example, in the range of 0.1 ⁇ m to 2 ⁇ m.
- the precipitate 330 is composed of an oxide of aluminum or a composite oxide of aluminum and iron.
- the third particle 300 aluminum is contained in the entire particle. Therefore, when the third particle 300 is used as a thermal spraying particle to form a thermal spray coating, it is possible to significantly suppress the formation of an aluminum deficient region.
- the third particle 300 can be used as a thermal spraying particle when forming a thermal spray coating having excellent high temperature sulfurization resistance.
- the precipitate 330 works in a direction of suppressing the slip of dislocations, so that it is expected that high strength can be obtained.
- FIG. 4 schematically shows a cross section of thermal spraying particles (hereinafter referred to as “fourth particles”) according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
- the cross section shown in FIG. 4 is the "maximum cross section" of the fourth particle.
- the fourth particle 400 has the same morphology as the second particle 200 shown in FIG. 2 described above. That is, the fourth particle 400 has a "sea" of the first region 410 having a relatively low aluminum concentration and a second region 420 (island) having a relatively high aluminum concentration.
- the fourth particle 400 has a rod-shaped (or spherical) precipitate 430.
- the precipitate 430 is distributed in a substantially ring shape around the center of the fourth particle 400.
- the radial dimension of each precipitate 430 is, for example, in the range of 0.1 ⁇ m to 2 ⁇ m.
- the precipitate 430 is composed of an oxide of aluminum or a composite oxide of aluminum and iron.
- the fourth particle 400 aluminum is contained in the entire particle. Therefore, when the fourth particle 400 is used as a thermal spraying particle to form a thermal spray coating, it is possible to significantly suppress the formation of an aluminum deficient region.
- the fourth particle 400 can be used as a thermal spraying particle when forming a thermal spray coating having excellent high temperature sulfurization resistance.
- the precipitate 430 works in a direction of suppressing the slip of dislocations, so that it is expected that high strength can be obtained.
- thermal spraying particles according to the embodiment of the present invention have been described above by taking the first particle 100 to the fourth particle 400 as an example.
- first particle 100 to the fourth particle 400 are merely examples, and the thermal spraying particles according to one embodiment of the present invention may have a different form.
- the thermal spraying particles according to one embodiment of the present invention may have a form in which the particle form shown in FIG. 1 and the particle form shown in FIG. 2 are combined.
- the second region may be distributed also inside the first region.
- the first region may be distributed inside the second region.
- the first particle 100 as shown in FIG. 1 can be obtained. The tendency becomes high. Further, in the particle manufacturing process described later, when the heat treatment temperature is relatively high and / or the heating time is relatively long, the second particle 200 tends to be in the form as shown in FIG. ..
- FIG. 5 schematically shows an example of a flow of a method for producing thermal spraying particles according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the method for producing thermal spraying particles according to an embodiment of the present invention is A step of preparing mixed particles by mixing iron-containing particles to be treated, an aluminum source, an activator containing a halide, and an anti-sintering agent (S110).
- the mixed particles are heated, and the gaps between the antisintering agents formed by the antisintering agent are used to carry out the calorizing treatment of the particles to be treated to obtain a treated mixture containing aluminum penetrating particles.
- Step S110 First, mixed particles are prepared.
- the mixed particles include particles to be treated, an aluminum source, an activator, and an anti-sintering agent. Hereinafter, each particle will be described.
- the particles to be treated contain iron as a main component.
- the particles to be treated may be, for example, iron, iron-aluminum alloy, stainless steel, or the like. These particles to be treated may contain manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, carbon and the like as unavoidable impurities.
- the average particle size of the particles to be treated is selected so as to be significantly smaller than the average particle size of the antisintering agent described later.
- the average particle size of the particles to be treated may be 0.29 times or less the average particle size of the antisintering agent.
- the particle size of the particles to be treated may be, for example, 10 ⁇ m to 600 ⁇ m.
- the "average particle size” is measured by the method specified in JIS Z8801.
- sieves with different openings are stacked in several stages in order from the one with the smallest opening, and the particles to be measured are vibrated with a constant amplitude for a certain period of time to sift the particles.
- the mass of the particles remaining on each sieve is measured, and the particle size distribution of the mass of the particles is graphed.
- the particle size corresponding to the cumulative value of the obtained particle size distribution of 50% is defined as "average particle size".
- the particle size of the particles to be treated is expressed in the range of the minimum value and the maximum value.
- the aluminum source may be aluminum metal particles or aluminum alloy particles.
- the average particle size of the aluminum source is selected to be significantly smaller than the average particle size of the antisintering agent.
- the average particle size of the aluminum source may be 0.29 times or less the average particle size of the anti-sintering agent.
- the average particle size of the aluminum source may be, for example, in the range of 10 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m.
- the average particle size of the aluminum source is preferably smaller than the average particle size of the particles to be treated.
- the activator has a role of forming a vapor of a metal halide during the carolizing treatment of the particles to be treated and promoting the carolizing treatment.
- the activator contains, for example, at least one of ammonium chloride, iron chloride, aluminum chloride, iron fluoride and aluminum fluoride.
- the activator is added, for example, in the range of 0.1% by mass to 2% by mass with respect to the entire mixed particles.
- the antisintering agent may contain at least one of alumina, kaolin, and silicon oxide.
- the antisintering agent may have at least one shape selected from the group consisting of, for example, spherical, triangular pyramid, triangular pyramid, tetrahedron, conical, and cylindrical.
- the anti-sintering agent has a sufficiently large average particle size as compared with the particles to be treated and the aluminum source.
- the average particle size of the antisintering agent is selected to be 3.4 times or more the average particle size of the particles to be treated and the aluminum source.
- the average particle size of the anti-sintering agent may be in the range of 500 ⁇ m to 5000 ⁇ m.
- the ratio (Al / Fe) of the total aluminum component contained in the mixed particles to the iron component contained in the particles to be treated is, for example, in the range of 32/68 to 48/52 in terms of mass ratio.
- the amount of the particles to be treated contained in the entire mixed particles is, for example, in the range of 10% by mass to 30% by mass.
- the amount of the aluminum source contained in the entire mixed particles is, for example, in the range of 8% by mass to 18% by mass.
- the amount of the anti-sintering agent contained in the entire mixed particles is, for example, in the range of 50% by mass to 80% by mass.
- Step S120 Next, the mixed particles prepared in step S110 are heat-treated. Therefore, the mixed particles may be filled in the reaction vessel.
- the particles to be treated are carolized. That is, aluminum generated from the aluminum source diffuses and permeates into the particles to be treated, and aluminum permeated particles are formed.
- the aluminum source contained in the mixed particles contains highly active aluminum such as aluminum particles, there is a high possibility that a thermite reaction will occur between the mixed particles when the reaction vessel is heated. This is because aluminum reacts with a small amount of oxygen contained in the particles to be treated to reduce the particles to be treated.
- the temperature inside the reaction vessel becomes extremely high, and the treated mixture, that is, the "treated mixture” becomes a lumpy form in which all the particles are firmly fixed to each other. Further, once such a lumpy treated mixture is produced, there may be a problem that the antisintering agent cannot be separated from the treated mixture thereafter.
- the formation of a lumpy mixture can be significantly suppressed.
- FIG. 6 schematically shows an example of the form when the mixed particles are filled in the reaction vessel.
- the reaction vessel is filled with the particles to be treated 352, the aluminum source 354, the activator, and the antisintering agent 358, which are the constituents of the mixed particles.
- each component of the mixed particles is spherical.
- the diameter of the anti-sintering agent 358 (represented by ⁇ S ) is sufficiently larger than the diameter of the particles 352 to be treated (represented by ⁇ Fe ) and the diameter of the aluminum source 354 (represented by ⁇ Al )
- a gap 365 is created between adjacent antisinter 358s.
- the particles to be treated 352 and the aluminum source 354 are arranged in the voids 365 generated by the antisintering agent 358.
- the particles to be treated 352 are the antisintering agent 358 and / or other particles to be treated 352.
- the possibility of sticking to the particles can be greatly reduced. This is because the void 365 serves to provide a large number of reaction "small compartments" for the calorizing process.
- the treated mixture produced after the heat treatment is not in the form of agglomerated as a whole, but the aluminum penetrating particles and the antisintering agent 358 are separated from each other. Therefore, in the subsequent step, aluminum penetrating particles, that is, spraying particles can be recovered from the treated mixture.
- Table 1 below shows an example of filling of mixed particles capable of exhibiting the above effects.
- the particles to be treated are spherical iron particles (density 7.87 g / cm 3 ), the aluminum source 354 is spherical aluminum particles (density 2.70 g / cm 3 ), and the activator is spherical ammonium chloride particles. (Density 1.527 g / cm 3 ), and the antiseptic agent 358 is assumed to be spherical alumina (density 4.00 g / cm 3 ).
- the average particle size ⁇ S of the antisintering agent 358 is 1000 ⁇ m
- the average particle size ⁇ Fe of the particles 352 to be treated is 38 ⁇ m to 75 ⁇ m
- the average particle size ⁇ Al of the aluminum source 354 is 50 ⁇ m
- the activator is assumed to be 10 ⁇ m.
- the amount of the particles to be treated 352 is 2.216 kg and the amount of the aluminum source 354 is 1. .491 kg, the amount of activator is 0.067 kg.
- the amount of the particles 352 to be treated is 1.879 kg
- the amount of the aluminum source 354 is 1.253 kg
- the activator is calculated as 0.066 kg.
- the Al / Fe ratio in the mixed particles is assumed to be 40/60 (mass ratio).
- the amount of activator is assumed to be 0.5 wt% of the total.
- the amount of each component can be calculated in the same manner.
- the filling rate of the anti-sintering agent 358 is preferably in the range of 55% to 74% (at the time of close packing) in order to obtain the above-mentioned effect.
- the filling rate of the particles to be treated 352, the aluminum source 354, and the activator in the voids 365 generated by the antisintering agent 358 is preferably in the range of 60% to 100%.
- the preferable range of the filling rate of the anti-sintering agent 358 is assumed to be 50% to 80%.
- the carolizing treatment of the particles to be treated 352 it is possible to carry out the carolizing treatment of the particles to be treated 352 by utilizing the voids 365 generated between the antisintering agents 358.
- the treatment atmosphere of the carolize treatment may be an inert atmosphere that does not contain oxygen, for example, an argon gas atmosphere.
- the treatment temperature is not particularly limited as long as aluminum is diffused and permeated into the particles to be treated.
- the treatment temperature may be, for example, in the range of 800 ° C to 1100 ° C.
- the processing time is not particularly limited, but is, for example, in the range of 1 hour to 10 hours.
- the lower the treatment temperature and / or the shorter the treatment time the more the second region 120 is arranged in a layer around the first region 110, such as the first particle 100 described above. There is a high tendency to obtain particles.
- the higher the treatment temperature and / or the longer the treatment time the higher the possibility that particles such as the above-mentioned second particle 200 will be obtained.
- Step S130 the antisintering agent is removed from the powdered treated mixture formed in step S120.
- the antisintering agent may be removed, for example, by sieving the treated mixture using a sieve that allows only particles with a small average particle size to pass through.
- the antisintering agent and the spraying particles can be separated relatively easily.
- the first manufacturing method aluminum is infiltrated into the entire particles to be treated by the carolizing treatment. Therefore, in the first production method, it is possible to form thermal spraying particles in which the aluminum deficiency region is significantly reduced.
- thermal spraying particles according to one embodiment of the present invention having the above-mentioned characteristics can be used when forming a thermal spray coating on the surface of various objects to be treated.
- the thermal spraying particles according to one embodiment of the present invention contain aluminum throughout the particles. Therefore, when a thermal spray coating is formed using the thermal spraying particles according to the embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to form a thermal spray coating of an Fe—Al alloy in which the aluminum deficiency region is significantly suppressed.
- the mass ratio (Al / Fe) of aluminum and iron contained in one flat particle may be in the range of 32/68 to 48/52.
- Such a sprayed coating of Fe-Al alloy has better high temperature sulfurization resistance than the conventional one because the aluminum deficiency region is significantly suppressed.
- the thermal spray coating formed by using the thermal spraying particles according to one embodiment of the present invention can also be applied to the surface of a metal constituting a glass transport roll, which is exposed to a high temperature sulfurization environment.
- the type of thermal spraying is not particularly limited.
- thermal spraying particles according to one embodiment of the present invention can be applied to various thermal spraying methods such as plasma spraying, explosive thermal spraying, and high-speed frame (HVOF) thermal spraying.
- plasma spraying explosive thermal spraying
- HVOF high-speed frame
- a thermal spray coating in which oxide particles are dispersed is formed in each flat particle.
- the oxide particles have a needle-like or spherical morphology and may have a maximum dimension in the range of 0.1 ⁇ m to 2 ⁇ m.
- Such a sprayed coating is considered to exhibit relatively high strength.
- Examples 1 to 5 and Examples 21 to 22 are examples, and Examples 11 and 31 are comparative examples.
- Example 1 Particles for thermal spraying were prepared by the following method.
- iron particles (13.20% by mass) as particles to be treated, aluminum particles (9.96% by mass) as an aluminum source, and ammonium chloride particles (0.5% by mass) as an activator are baked.
- Spherical alumina particles (76.34% by mass) as an anti-knotting agent were sufficiently mixed to prepare mixed particles.
- the iron particles had a particle size of 10 ⁇ m to 75 ⁇ m
- the aluminum particles had an average particle size of 50 ⁇ m
- the activator had a particle size of 10 ⁇ m
- the alumina particles had a particle size of 1000 ⁇ m.
- the mixed particles were filled in a heat-resistant container.
- the packing rate of the alumina particles was 74%.
- iron particles, aluminum particles, and ammonium chloride particles were filled so as to occupy 85% of the remaining 26% voids.
- the heat-resistant container was heated to 1000 ° C. After holding at 1000 ° C. for 10 hours, the heat-resistant container was cooled in a furnace.
- Example 2 Carolized iron particles (hereinafter referred to as “particles according to Example 2”) were produced by the same method as in Example 1.
- the content of the iron particles contained in the mixed particles is 14.24% by mass
- the content of the aluminum particles is 9.49% by mass
- the content of the ammonium chloride particles as the activator is 0.5% by mass. %
- And 75.77% by mass of spherical alumina particles as an antioxidant is 0.5% by mass.
- Example 3 Carolized iron particles (hereinafter referred to as “particles according to Example 3") were produced by the same method as in Example 1.
- the content of the iron particles contained in the mixed particles is 15.71% by mass
- the content of the aluminum particles is 8.83% by mass
- the content of the ammonium chloride particles as the activator is 0.5% by mass. %
- And 74.96% by mass of spherical alumina particles as an antioxidant is 0.5% by mass.
- Example 4 Carolized iron particles (hereinafter referred to as “particles according to Example 4") were produced by the same method as in Example 1.
- the content of the iron particles contained in the mixed particles is 16.87% by mass
- the content of the aluminum particles is 8.31% by mass
- the content of the ammonium chloride particles as the activator is 0.5% by mass. %
- And 74.32% by mass of spherical alumina particles as an antioxidant is 1.
- thermo spraying particles (hereinafter referred to as “thermal spraying particles according to Example 5") were produced by the same method as in Example 3.
- the inside of the heat-resistant container was replaced with an argon atmosphere, and then the heat-resistant container was heated to 1100 ° C. After holding at 1100 ° C. for 10 hours, the heat-resistant container was cooled in a furnace.
- Example 11 An attempt was made to prepare particles for thermal spraying by the same method as in Example 1.
- the average particle size of the iron particles contained in the mixed particles was 50 ⁇ m
- the average particle size of the aluminum particles was 50 ⁇ m
- the average particle size of the alumina particles was 60 ⁇ m.
- the content of the iron particles contained in the mixed particles was 56.00% by mass
- the content of the aluminum particles was 24.00% by mass
- the ammonium chloride particles as the activator was 0.50% by mass
- the alumina particles was 19.50% by mass.
- the heating temperature was 1000 ° C. and the heating time was 10 hours.
- the treated mixture obtained after the heat treatment was lumpy, and it was difficult to separate and remove the alumina particles.
- Table 2 summarizes the content and particle size of each component contained in the mixed particles used in each example.
- Table 3 summarizes the filling rate of the alumina particles in the thermal spraying particles according to each example and the filling rate of other components in the voids.
- Example 11 since the particle size of the alumina particles is almost the same as the particle size of the other components, the description of the filling rate is omitted. (evaluation) Using the spraying particles according to each example, the average particle size was measured and the morphology of the particles was observed.
- the average particle size of the spraying particles according to each example was obtained from the particle size distribution obtained by using a particle size measuring device (LA-950V2; manufactured by HORIBA, Ltd.).
- the observation target was thermal spraying particles having a "maximum cross section".
- the thermal spraying particles according to Examples 1 to 5 the thermal spraying particles to be observed are referred to as “Sample 1” to “Sample 5”, respectively.
- FIG. 7 shows a cross section (a) of the thermal spraying particles obtained in Sample 1 and a distribution (b) of aluminum contained in the cross section.
- the distribution of iron contained in the cross section was in the form of reversing the distribution of aluminum.
- the cross section of the spraying particles had a form similar to that of the first particle 100 described above. That is, the cross section had a two-layer structure consisting of a core portion having a low aluminum concentration and an outer layer having a high aluminum concentration.
- the area ratio of the second region was 78%.
- the concentrations of iron and aluminum were analyzed in each of the first region and the second region by EDX.
- the iron concentration in the first region was 63.3%
- the iron concentration in the second region was 31.3%
- the aluminum concentration in the first region was 31.4%
- the aluminum concentration in the second region was 49.4%.
- the first region is mainly composed of the FeAl phase
- the second region is a mixed phase of the FeAl 2 phase and the FeAl phase.
- FIG. 8 shows a cross section (a) of the thermal spraying particles obtained in Sample 2 and a distribution (b) of aluminum contained in the cross section.
- the distribution of iron contained in the cross section was in the form of reversing the distribution of aluminum.
- the cross section of the spraying particles has a form similar to that of the first particle 100 described above. That is, the cross section had a two-layer structure consisting of a core portion having a low aluminum concentration and an outer layer having a high aluminum concentration.
- the area ratio of the second region was 53%.
- the concentrations of iron and aluminum were analyzed in each of the first region and the second region by EDX.
- the iron concentration in the first region was 63.5%
- the iron concentration in the second region was 50.4%
- the aluminum concentration in the first region was 30.5%
- the aluminum concentration in the second region was 47.4%.
- the first region is mainly composed of the FeAl phase
- the second region is a mixed phase of the FeAl 2 phase and the FeAl phase.
- FIG. 9 shows a cross section (a) of the thermal spraying particles obtained in Sample 3 and a distribution (b) of aluminum contained in the cross section.
- the distribution of iron contained in the cross section was in the form of reversing the distribution of aluminum.
- the area ratio of the second region was 19%.
- the concentrations of iron and aluminum were analyzed in each of the first region and the second region by EDX.
- the iron concentration in the first region was 61.8%
- the iron concentration in the second region was 48.3%
- the aluminum concentration in the first region was 31.4%
- the aluminum concentration in the second region was 44.9%.
- the first region is mainly composed of the FeAl phase
- the second region is a mixed phase of the FeAl 2 phase and the FeAl phase.
- FIG. 10 shows a cross section (backscattered electron image and secondary electron image) of the sprayed particles obtained in Sample 4, and the distribution of aluminum, iron, and oxygen contained in the cross section.
- the area ratio of the second region was 9%.
- the concentrations of iron and aluminum were analyzed in each of the first region and the second region by EDX.
- the iron concentration in the first region was 66.5%
- the iron concentration in the second region was 52.7%
- the aluminum concentration in the first region was 31.4%
- the aluminum concentration in the second region was 40.7%.
- the first region is mainly composed of the FeAl phase
- the second region is a mixed phase of the FeAl 2 phase and the FeAl phase.
- FIG. 11 shows a cross section (backscattered electron image and secondary electron image) of the sprayed particles obtained in Sample 5, and the distribution of aluminum, iron, and oxygen contained in the cross section.
- the area ratio of the second region was 10%.
- the concentrations of iron and aluminum were analyzed in each of the first region and the second region by EDX.
- the iron concentration in the first region was 65.9%, and the iron concentration in the second region was 53.4%.
- the aluminum concentration in the first region was 33.1%, and the aluminum concentration in the second region was 46.6%.
- the first region is mainly composed of the FeAl phase
- the second region is a mixed phase of the FeAl 2 phase and the FeAl phase.
- EDX energy dispersive X-ray
- Samples 1 to 5 contained aluminum in the range of 32% by mass to 48% by mass.
- Example 21 Using the thermal spraying particles according to one embodiment of the present invention, a thermal spray coating was actually formed and its characteristics were evaluated.
- the thermal spraying particles according to Example 5 were classified into a minimum value of 20 ⁇ m and a maximum value of 45 ⁇ m using a sieve having a nominal opening of 20 ⁇ m and 45 ⁇ m. used.
- a thermal spray coating was formed on the surface of a stainless steel (SUS304) substrate by the HVOF thermal spraying method.
- the thermal spraying conditions are as follows: Thermal spraying distance; 350 mm Barrel length; 152.4 mm Oxygen flow rate; 46.7 m 3 / h (1650SCHF) Fuel flow rate; 22.7L / h (6.0GPH) Combustion ratio; 0.99 Particle size of sprayed particles; 20 ⁇ m to 45 ⁇ m.
- the target film thickness of the sprayed coating was 200 ⁇ m.
- sample 21 The obtained substrate with a thermal spray coating is referred to as "sample 21".
- FIG. 12 and 13 show a cross section of the sample 21.
- FIG. 13 is an enlarged cross section of FIG.
- FIG. 14 shows the EPMA analysis result of a part of the cross section of the sample 21.
- the oxide between the flat particles is considered to have been formed by the oxidation of the particles during thermal spraying.
- the oxide inside each of the flat particles corresponds to the oxide precipitate (see the ring-shaped precipitate in FIG. 11) contained in the spraying particles used in the preparation of the sample 21. it is conceivable that.
- the sprayed coating having such a form has significant strength as compared with the conventional coating.
- Example 22 A thermal spray coating was formed on the surface of the stainless steel substrate by the same method as in Example 21. However, in this Example 22, the spraying particles according to the above-mentioned Example 3 were used. Further, in Example 22, explosive thermal spraying was used instead of HVOF thermal spraying as the thermal spraying method.
- sample 22 The obtained substrate with a thermal spray coating is referred to as "sample 22".
- Example 31 A thermal spray coating was formed on the surface of the stainless steel substrate by the same method as in Example 21. However, in this example 31, the particles described in Patent Document 1 were used as the raw material for thermal spraying. Moreover, as a thermal spraying method, plasma spraying was used instead of HVOF thermal spraying.
- sample 31 The obtained substrate with a thermal spray coating is referred to as "sample 31".
- FIGS. 15 to 17 show the EDX mapping results of the sulfur (S) component obtained in each sample.
- FIG. 15 shows the results in sample 21
- FIG. 16 shows the results in sample 22
- FIG. 17 shows the results in sample 31.
- the sample 21 and the sample 22 had better high-temperature sulfurization resistance than the sample 31.
- a high temperature corrosion resistance test was performed using the sample 21 in a harsher environment. That is, the test environment was changed to an N 2 + SO 2 (3000 ppm) atmosphere at 700 ° C., and exposure was performed for 400 hours.
- FIG. 18 shows a cross section of the sample 21 after the test.
- EDX analysis was performed on the sprayed coating at the height levels indicated by the symbols X, Y, Z in FIG. The results are shown in Table 5.
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Abstract
Description
溶射用粒子であって、
略球状であり、鉄およびアルミニウムを含み、
当該溶射用粒子に含まれるアルミニウムの量は、32質量%~48質量%の範囲であり、
当該溶射用粒子は、
アルミニウム濃度が22質量%~37質量%の範囲の第1の領域と、
アルミニウム濃度が40質量%~50質量%の範囲の第2の領域と、
を有する、溶射用粒子が提供される。
溶射用粒子の製造方法であって、
鉄を含む被処理粒子、アルミニウム源、ハロゲン化物を含む活性剤、および焼結防止剤を混合して混合粒子を得て、
前記混合粒子を加熱し、前記焼結防止剤によって形成される各焼結防止剤同士の間の隙間を利用して、前記被処理粒子をカロライズ処理し、アルミニウム浸透粒子を含む処理済混合物を得て、
前記処理済混合物から前記焼結防止剤を除去して、溶射用粒子を得る、製造方法が提供される。
アルミニウム-鉄合金を含む溶射被膜であって、
一つの扁平粒子に含まれるアルミニウムと鉄の質量比(Al/Fe)は、32/68~48/52の範囲であり、
前記扁平粒子内には、最大寸法が0.1μm~2μmの範囲の針状または球状の酸化物が混在している、溶射被膜が提供される。
溶射用粒子であって、
略球状であり、鉄およびアルミニウムを含み、
当該溶射用粒子に含まれるアルミニウムの量は、32質量%~48質量%の範囲であり、
当該溶射用粒子は、
アルミニウム濃度が22質量%~37質量%の範囲の第1の領域と、
アルミニウム濃度が40質量%~50質量%の範囲の第2の領域と、
を有する、溶射用粒子が提供される。
溶射用粒子の製造方法であって、
鉄を含む被処理粒子、アルミニウム源、ハロゲン化物を含む活性剤、および焼結防止剤を混合して混合粒子を得て、
前記混合粒子を加熱し、前記焼結防止剤によって形成される各焼結防止剤同士の間の隙間を利用して、前記被処理粒子をカロライズ処理し、アルミニウム浸透粒子を含む処理済混合物を得て、
前記処理済混合物から前記焼結防止剤を除去して、溶射用粒子を得る、製造方法が提供される。
アルミニウム-鉄合金を含む溶射被膜であって、
一つの扁平粒子に含まれるアルミニウムと鉄の質量比(Al/Fe)は、32/68~48/52の範囲であり、
前記扁平粒子内には、最大寸法が0.1μm~2μmの範囲の針状または球状の酸化物が混在している、溶射被膜が提供される。
次に、図面を参照して、本発明の一実施形態による溶射用粒子について、より詳しく説明する。
次に、図2を参照して、本発明の別の実施形態による溶射用粒子について説明する。
次に、図3を参照して、本発明のさらに別の実施形態による溶射用粒子について説明する。
次に、図4を参照して、本発明のさらに別の実施形態による溶射用粒子について説明する。
次に、図5~図6を参照して、本発明の一実施形態による溶射用粒子の製造方法について説明する。
鉄を含む被処理粒子、アルミニウム源、ハロゲン化物を含む活性剤、および焼結防止剤を混合して混合粒子を調製する工程(S110)と、
前記混合粒子を加熱し、前記焼結防止剤によって形成される各焼結防止剤同士の間の隙間を利用して、前記被処理粒子をカロライズ処理し、アルミニウム浸透粒子を含む処理済混合物を得る工程(S120)と、
前記処理済混合物から前記焼結防止剤を除去して、溶射用粒子を得る工程(S130)と、
を有する。
まず、混合粒子が調製される。
被処理粒子は、主要成分として鉄を含む。被処理粒子は、例えば、鉄、鉄-アルミニウム合金、またはステンレス鋼等であってもよい。これらの被処理粒子は、不可避不純物として、マンガン、リン、硫黄、および炭素等を含んでもよい。
アルミニウム源は、アルミニウム金属粒子、またはアルミニウム合金粒子であってもよい。
活性剤は、被処理粒子のカロライズ処理の際に、金属ハロゲン化物の蒸気を形成し、カロライズ処理を促進させる役割を有する。
焼結防止剤は、アルミナ、カオリン、および酸化ケイ素の少なくとも一つを含んでもよい。
上記各成分を混合することにより、混合粒子が調製される。
次に、工程S110で調製された混合粒子が加熱処理される。このため、混合粒子は、反応容器内に充填されてもよい。
次に、工程S120において形成された粉末状の処理済混合物から、焼結防止剤が除去される。焼結防止剤は、例えば、平均粒径の小さな粒子のみを通すふるいを用いて、処理済混合物をふるい分けすることにより、除去されてもよい。
前述のような特徴を有する本発明の一実施形態による溶射用粒子は、各種被処理体の表面に、溶射被膜を形成する際に利用することができる。
以下の方法で、溶射用粒子を作製した。
例1と同様の方法により、カロライズ処理された鉄粒子(以下、「例2に係る粒子」と称する)を作製した。
例1と同様の方法により、カロライズ処理された鉄粒子(以下、「例3に係る粒子」と称する)を作製した。
例1と同様の方法により、カロライズ処理された鉄粒子(以下、「例4に係る粒子」と称する)を作製した。
例3と同様の方法により、溶射用粒子(以下、「例5に係る溶射用粒子」と称する)を作製した。
例1と同様の方法により、溶射用粒子の作製を試みた。
各例に係る溶射用粒子の平均粒径は、粒子粒径測定装置(LA-950V2;株式会社堀場製作所製)を用いて得られる粒度分布から求めた。
各例に係る溶射用粒子を用いて、以下の方法で、断面観察用試料を調製した。
本発明の一実施形態による溶射用粒子を用いて、実際に溶射被膜を形成し、その特性を評価した。
使用した。
溶射距離;350mm
バレル長さ;152.4mm
酸素流量;46.7m3/h(1650SCFH)
燃料流量;22.7L/h(6.0GPH)
燃焼比;0.99
溶射用粒子の粒径;20μm~45μm。
例21と同様の方法により、ステンレス鋼基板の表面に溶射被膜を形成した。ただし、この例22では、前述の例3に係る溶射用粒子を使用した。また、例22では、溶射方式として、HVOF溶射の代わりに爆発溶射を使用した。
例21と同様の方法により、ステンレス鋼基板の表面に溶射被膜を形成した。ただし、この例31では、溶射用原料として、特許文献1に記載の粒子を使用した。また、溶射方式として、HVOF溶射の代わりにプラズマ溶射を使用した。
サンプル21、サンプル22、およびサンプル31を用いて、以下のような高温耐食性試験を行った。
結果を表5に示す。
110 第1の領域
120 第2の領域
200 溶射用粒子(第2の粒子)
210 第1の領域
220 第2の領域
300 溶射用粒子(第3の粒子)
310 第1の領域
320 第2の領域
330 析出物
352 被処理粒子
354 アルミニウム源
358 焼結防止剤
365 空隙
400 溶射用粒子(第4の粒子)
410 第1の領域
420 第2の領域
430 析出物
Claims (22)
- 溶射用粒子であって、
略球状であり、鉄およびアルミニウムを含み、
当該溶射用粒子に含まれるアルミニウムの量は、32質量%~48質量%の範囲であり、
当該溶射用粒子は、
アルミニウム濃度が22質量%~37質量%の範囲の第1の領域と、
アルミニウム濃度が40質量%~50質量%の範囲の第2の領域と、
を有する、溶射用粒子。 - 前記第1の領域は、FeAl相を含み、
前記第2の領域は、FeAl相およびFeAl2相を含む、請求項1に記載の溶射用粒子。 - 当該溶射用粒子は、コア部、および該コア部を覆う外層を有し、
前記第1の領域は、前記コア部を形成し、前記第2の領域は、前記外層を形成する、請求項1または2に記載の溶射用粒子。 - 当該溶射用粒子の中心を通る断面において、前記第2の領域の占める割合は、5%以上である、請求項3に記載の溶射用粒子。
- 前記第1の領域と前記第2の領域は、まだら状に配置されている、請求項1または2に記載の溶射用粒子。
- 当該溶射用粒子の中心を通る断面において、前記第2の領域の占める割合は、5%以上である、請求項5に記載の溶射用粒子。
- 当該溶射用粒子は、10μm~100μmの範囲の平均粒径を有する、請求項1乃至6のいずれか一項に記載の溶射用粒子。
- 溶射用粒子の製造方法であって、
鉄を含む被処理粒子、アルミニウム源、ハロゲン化物を含む活性剤、および焼結防止剤を混合して混合粒子を得て、
前記混合粒子を加熱し、前記焼結防止剤によって形成される各焼結防止剤同士の間の隙間を利用して、前記被処理粒子をカロライズ処理し、アルミニウム浸透粒子を含む処理済混合物を得て、
前記処理済混合物から前記焼結防止剤を除去して、溶射用粒子を得る、製造方法。 - 前記混合粒子は、反応容器内に充填され、
前記反応容器の体積に対する前記焼結防止剤の充填率は、50%~80%の範囲である、請求項8に記載の製造方法。 - 前記焼結防止剤は、球状、三角錐状、三角柱状、四面体状、円錐状、および円柱状からなる群から選定された少なくとも一つの形状を有する、請求項8または9に記載の製造方法。
- 前記焼結防止剤は、アルミナ、カオリン、および酸化ケイ素の少なくとも一つを含む、請求項8乃至10のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
- 前記被処理粒子の平均粒径は、前記焼結防止剤の平均粒径の0.29倍以下である、請求項8乃至11のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
- 前記アルミニウム源の平均粒径は、前記焼結防止剤の平均粒径の0.29倍以下である、請求項8乃至12のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
- 前記被処理粒子の平均粒径は、10μm~200μmの範囲である、請求項8乃至13のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
- 前記焼結防止剤の平均粒径は、500μm~5000μmの範囲である、請求項8乃至14のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
- 前記被処理粒子に含まれる鉄成分に対する、前記混合粒子に含まれるアルミニウム成分の割合(Al/Fe)は、質量比で32/68~48/52の範囲である、請求項8乃至15のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
- 前記被処理粒子の量は、前記混合粒子全体に対して10質量%~30質量%の範囲である、請求項8乃至16のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
- 前記アルミニウム源の量は、前記混合粒子全体に対して8質量%~18質量%の範囲である、請求項8乃至17のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
- 前記活性剤の量は、前記混合粒子全体に対して0.1質量%~2質量%の範囲である、請求項8乃至18のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
- 前記焼結防止剤の量は、前記混合粒子全体に対して50質量%~80質量%の範囲である、請求項8乃至19のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
- 前記活性剤は、塩化アンモニウム、塩化鉄、塩化アルミニウム、フッ化鉄、およびフッ化アルミニウムからなる群から選定された少なくとも一つを含む、請求項8乃至20のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
- アルミニウム-鉄合金を含む溶射被膜であって、
一つの扁平粒子に含まれるアルミニウムと鉄の質量比(Al/Fe)は、32/68~48/52の範囲であり、
前記扁平粒子内には、最大寸法が0.1μm~2μmの範囲の針状または球状の酸化物が混在している、溶射被膜。
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WO2018116856A1 (ja) | 2016-12-21 | 2018-06-28 | 旭硝子株式会社 | 金属間化合物溶射被膜の形成方法、前記溶射被膜、前記溶射被膜を有する金属製品の製造方法、およびガラス搬送用ロール |
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WO2018116856A1 (ja) | 2016-12-21 | 2018-06-28 | 旭硝子株式会社 | 金属間化合物溶射被膜の形成方法、前記溶射被膜、前記溶射被膜を有する金属製品の製造方法、およびガラス搬送用ロール |
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