WO2022095125A1 - Extrusion device for wood-plastic raw materials - Google Patents

Abstract

An extrusion device for wood-plastic raw materials, the extrusion device comprising a rack (100) and a casing (200), the casing (200) comprising a feeding chamber (1), a melting chamber (2) and an extrusion chamber ( 3); the feeding chamber (1) is communicatively connected to the melting chamber (2) by means of a feeding port (4), and an upper cover (5) of the feeding chamber (1) is provided with a feeding pipe (6) and a stirring motor (7); a screw motor (9) and a screw rod (10) are provided inside of the melting chamber (2), the screw rod (10) is connected to the screw motor (9), and the screw rod (10) is driven by the screw motor (9) to spirally rotate; the outer periphery of the melting chamber (2) is provided with a heating chamber (11) and an exhaust chamber (12); a heating power supply (13), a heating resistance wire (14) and heat transfer blocks (15) are provided inside of the heating chamber (11); a plurality of exhaust pipes (17) are provided inside of the exhaust chamber (12); an upper ventilation plate (171), a lower ventilation plate (172) and a filling layer (173) are provided within each exhaust pipe (17); each filling layer (173) is filled between the upper ventilation plate (171) and the lower ventilation plate (172), and the filling layers (173) are made of Raschig ring filler; and the extrusion chamber (3) is internally provided with an extrusion die (24). The extrusion device has a novel structure, is convenient to operate, and may effectively mix and discharge molten moisture; in addition, the device has a good extrusion effect and a good working effect.

Description

An extrusion device for wood-plastic raw materials technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of wood-plastic manufacturing, in particular to an extrusion device for wood-plastic raw materials.

Background technique

Wood-Plastic Composites (WPC) is a new type of composite material that has been booming at home and abroad in recent years. It refers to the use of polyethylene, polypropylene and polyvinyl chloride to replace the usual resin adhesives. Exceed More than 35%-70% of wood flour, rice husk, straw and other waste plant fibers are mixed into new wood materials, and then processed by extrusion, molding, injection molding and other plastic processing techniques to produce plates or profiles. Mainly used in building materials, furniture, logistics packaging and other industries. The plastic and wood powder are mixed in a certain proportion and then hot-extruded to form the board, which is called extruded wood-plastic composite board.

The wood powder used in WPC is the pulverized wood powder or various plant fibers, such as fir powder, pine powder, bamboo powder, wheat straw powder, etc. The particle size of various wood powders is generally in 20 to 100 mesh, to ensure that wood flour and plastic are dried before mixing. Generally, the moisture content of wood flour should be controlled within 3%. The drying equipment can use electric heating, microwave heating drying or natural drying. The dried wood flour should be stored in a dry place (indoor), and it should not absorb moisture twice, otherwise it will have a great impact on processing.

The wood plastic needs to be extruded by an extruder. When the existing wood plastic machine is used, the following problems exist: 1. When the wood plastic powder is melted in the melting chamber of the existing wood plastic extruder, the melting temperature It is difficult to heat up quickly, resulting in a long melting process, a long production time, and a slow production efficiency. In addition, the existing heater adopts the method of electric heating, so that the temperature of the material directly contacting the heating tube is higher, even more than The original predetermined melting temperature will cause the actual properties of the material to change, the qualitative change will occur, and the performance of the produced wood-plastic will be damaged; 2. The existing wood-plastic raw materials are: wood powder plus various additives such as resin, stabilizer , antioxidants, etc., especially when wood flour is directly added to the extruder, a large amount of dust is generated, the environment is polluted, and waste is caused; 3. The structure of the existing extruder has defects, resulting in poor mixing effect of materials, 4. During the melting process, hot air and water vapor will be generated in the melting chamber, which will affect the appearance and performance of the extruded wood-plastic profiles. Therefore, it is necessary to effectively exhaust the melting chamber. .

technical problem

The technical problem to be solved by this invention is: 1. Existing wood-plastic extruder, when the wood-plastic powder is melted in the melting chamber, the temperature of melting is difficult to heat up rapidly, causing the process of melting to be longer, and the time of production is relatively long. It is long, the production efficiency is slow, and the existing heater adopts the electric heating method, so that the temperature of the material directly contacting the heating tube is higher, even exceeding the original predetermined melting temperature, resulting in changes in the actual properties of the material 2. The existing wood-plastic raw materials are: wood powder plus various additives such as resins, stabilizers, antioxidants, etc., especially wood powder directly added to the extruder 3. The structure of the existing extruder has defects, resulting in poor mixing effect of materials, resulting in poor performance of extruded profiles after the materials are melted; During the process, water vapor will be generated in the melting chamber, which affects the appearance and performance of the extruded wood-plastic profiles. Therefore, it is necessary to effectively exhaust the melting chamber.

technical solutions

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an extrusion device for wood plastic raw materials, the extrusion device includes a frame and a casing, and the casing includes a feeding chamber, a melting chamber, and an extrusion chamber. The feeding chamber is communicated with the melting chamber through the feeding port, the top of the feeding chamber is provided with an upper cover, the upper cover is provided with a feeding pipe and a stirring motor, the stirring motor is connected to the stirring shaft, and the stirring The shaft is located in the feeding chamber, the melting chamber is provided with a screw motor and a screw rod, the screw rod is connected with the screw motor, and the screw rod is driven to rotate by the screw motor; The heating chamber is provided with a heating power source, a heating resistance wire, and a heat transfer block. The heating power source is connected to a heating resistance wire, and the heating resistance wire is connected to a thermal conductor, which is arranged on the inner wall of the melting chamber. The block is arranged on the outer wall of the melting chamber; the exhaust chamber is provided with a number of exhaust pipes, and the top of the exhaust chamber is provided with an outlet; the chamber wall of the melting chamber is provided with a through hole, and the exhaust One end of the pipe passes through the through hole and is fixedly connected to the edge of the through hole. The exhaust pipe is provided with an upper ventilation plate, a lower ventilation plate and a filling layer, and a filling layer is filled between the upper ventilation plate and the lower ventilation plate. , the filling layer adopts Raschig ring packing; the extrusion chamber is provided with an extrusion die.

The technical scheme further limited by the present invention is: several groups of stirring rods are arranged on the stirring shaft, the cross-section of the stirring rods is circular, square, triangle or other irregular shapes, and each group of stirring rods is evenly distributed around the circumference. On the stirring shaft, a plurality of groups of stirring rods are arranged on the stirring shaft. The radial stirring rod type stirring device is used, on the one hand, the stirring effect is good and the stirring is uniform; , and it is easy to adhere to the material.

The technical solution further defined in the present invention is: the lower part of the stirring shaft is connected with a spiral belt. The spiral belt is in a spiral shape and is arranged below the stirring shaft, and the spiral angle of the spiral belt decreases sequentially from top to bottom. The setting of the spiral belt makes the stirring effect better and realizes the stable stirring of the materials at the bottom of the feeding chamber. Because there is still a little distance between the bottom of the stirring shaft and the feeding port, it is difficult for this part of the material to be stirred effectively. , the arrangement of the spiral belt of the present invention can make up for this defect well and achieve good stirring.

The technical solution further defined in the present invention is that: the lower ventilation plate is provided with a breathable film, and the breathable film is located on the upper plate surface of the lower ventilation plate. The gas permeable membrane can effectively isolate the material in the molten state through the gas, so that the gas can pass through, and at the same time to achieve effective exhaust, it can avoid the loss of the material and prevent the material from clogging the filler.

The technical solution further limited by the present invention is: a rapping device is provided on the outside of the feeding chamber, and the rapping device includes a rapping motor, a bearing, a connecting rod, and a rapping ball, and the rapping motor is connected to the connecting rod through the bearing. , the connecting rod is vertically connected with the bearing, the connecting rod is connected with a rapping ball, and the rapping ball is an elastic rapping ball. A rapping device is set on the outside of the feeding chamber to tap and vibrate the wall of the feeding chamber. Since the material enters the feeding chamber and is stirred in the feeding chamber, the material is easily adhered to the chamber of the feeding chamber. On the wall, it not only causes the loss of materials, but also affects the effect of stirring. The vibrating device can effectively vibrate the chamber wall, vibrate the adhering materials efficiently, and improve the speed and effect of mixing.

The technical solution further defined in the present invention is: the screw rod is a single screw rod or a double screw rod. The shape and pitch of the screw rod can be selected according to the actual material and the structure of the profile.

The technical solution further defined in the present invention is: the outer wall of the extrusion chamber is provided with a cooling chamber, the cooling chamber is provided with a cooling device, and the cooling chamber is provided at the outlet of the extrusion chamber. With the cooling device in the prior art, after the wood-plastic material is melted, it needs to be extruded, and after extrusion, it needs to be rapidly cooled.

The technical solution further defined in the present invention is that: the cooling chamber is provided with a cooling water cooling liquid, and the chamber wall of the cooling chamber is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet. Cooling water is used to cool the extrusion chamber, and the cooling water can be recycled to save energy.

beneficial effect

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

(1) In the present invention, the casing is arranged on the frame to reduce the vibration of the casing during the feeding, melting and screw conveying process. The entire device has a stable structure and a long service life; Melting chamber, extrusion chamber, the wood-plastic particle material enters from the feeding pipe into the feeding chamber, and then is mixed and pulverized for the first time by the stirring shaft in the feeding chamber, and then the material enters the melting chamber, where In the melting chamber, it moves forward under the helical push of the screw rod. After being heated by the heating element in the heating chamber, the raw material is melted, and then enters the extrusion chamber for extrusion molding. The working effect is high and the extrusion effect is good.

(2) In the present invention, the heating chamber arranged outside the melting chamber realizes the heating and melting of the material, and the power supply is used to drive the heating resistance wire to heat, the heating speed is fast, and the heating effect is good. Indoor, the heating effect is better. At the same time, there is a heat transfer block on the outer wall of the melting chamber. The heat transfer block has good heat conduction and heat transfer effect, and has a certain heat preservation effect on the melting chamber. The production effect is high. At the same time, electric heating can effectively control the heating temperature and heating speed, realize automatic control, and reduce the influence of temperature on the molten material. material deterioration.

(3) In the present invention, the exhaust chamber set outside the melting chamber can effectively discharge the hot air and water vapor generated in the melting process, avoid a large amount of water in the molten material, and make the shape of the extruded wood-plastic profile after melting smooth and beautiful. , It is not easy to be affected by moisture, and the wood-plastic performance after modeling is good. Among them, the exhaust pipe connected to the melting chamber is adopted, so that the gas can be effectively discharged from the melting chamber, and the molten material is not easy to enter the exhaust pipe, the exhaust effect is good, and the material is prevented from blocking the exhaust pipe.

(4) In the present invention, the material is first stirred by the stirring shaft in the feeding chamber to realize the first mixing, and then enters the melting chamber, and is pushed and stirred by the screw rod to realize the second mixing. The mixing effect of the material is good, and the mixing The profiles extruded from the latter material have beautiful appearance and improved performance.

(5) In the present invention, the extrusion device of the present invention has a novel structure, is convenient to operate, and is suitable for popularization and use.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1, the structural representation of the present utility model;

Fig. 2, the top view of the feed chamber of the present invention;

Fig. 3, the cross-sectional view of the stirring shaft of the present invention;

Fig. 4, the structure schematic diagram of the rapping device of the present invention;

Figure 5, a cross-sectional view of the feed chamber of the present invention (excluding the screw rod);

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the exhaust pipe of the present invention.

Among them: 100, frame; 200, casing; 1, feeding chamber; 2, melting chamber; 3, extrusion chamber; 4, feeding port; 5, upper cover; 6, feeding pipe; 7, stirring motor ;8, stirring shaft; 9, screw motor; 10, screw rod; 11, heating chamber; 12, exhaust chamber; 13, heating power source; 14, heating resistance wire; 15, heat transfer block; 16, heat conductor; 17 , exhaust pipe; 171, upper ventilation plate; 172, lower ventilation plate; 173, filling layer; 18, discharge port; 19, stirring rod; 20, spiral belt; 21, breathable film; 22, rapping device; 221, Rapping motor; 222, bearing; 223, connecting rod; 224, rapping ball; 23, cooling chamber; 231, water inlet; 232, water outlet; 24, extrusion die.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

The present invention will be further clarified below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the following specific embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and not to limit the scope of the present invention.

Example 1

This embodiment provides an extrusion device for wood plastic raw materials, the structure of which is shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3, Figure 4, Figure 5, Figure 6. Extrusion device for wood plastic raw materials, extruding The output device includes a frame 100 and a casing 200 , the frame is directly arranged on the ground, the frame plays a certain role of anti-vibration, and the casing is made of stainless steel. The casing includes a feeding chamber 1, a melting chamber 2, and an extrusion chamber 3. The feeding chamber is connected to the melting chamber, and the melting chamber is connected to the extrusion chamber. The raw materials of wood plastic enter the melting chamber from the feeding chamber, and the After being melted in the melting chamber, it enters the extrusion chamber, and is extruded into the extrusion chamber to obtain a wood-plastic profile. The feeding chamber is connected to the melting chamber through the feeding port 4. The top of the feeding chamber is provided with an upper cover 5, and the upper cover is provided with a feeding pipe 6 and a stirring motor 7. The stirring motor is connected to the stirring shaft 8, and the stirring shaft is located in the inlet. material indoors. There is a feeding pipe above the feeding chamber. The material enters from the feeding pipe to reduce the dust generated in the process of entering the material, and then under the stirring action of the stirring motor, it is evenly mixed, and then enters the melting chamber. A screw motor 9 and a screw rod 10 are arranged in the melting chamber. The screw rod is connected with the screw motor, and the screw rod is driven to rotate by the screw motor. The screw motor in the melting chamber drives the screw to rotate spirally, so that the material is pushed forward in the heated state, and the stirring is realized while heating and melting. A heating chamber 11 and an exhaust chamber 12 are arranged around the melting chamber. A heating power source 13, a heating resistance wire 14, and a heat transfer block 15 are arranged in the heating chamber. The heating power source is connected to the heating resistance wire, and the heating resistance wire is connected to the heat conductor 16. On the inner wall of the melting chamber, the heat transfer block is arranged on the outer wall of the melting chamber; a number of exhaust pipes 17 are arranged in the exhaust chamber, and a discharge port 18 is arranged at the top of the exhaust chamber; through holes are arranged on the chamber wall of the melting chamber , one end of the exhaust pipe passes through the through hole and is fixedly connected to the edge of the through hole. The exhaust pipe is provided with an upper ventilation plate 171, a lower ventilation plate 172, and a filling layer 173, and the upper ventilation plate and the lower ventilation plate are filled with a setting The filling layer adopts Raschig ring packing; the extrusion chamber is provided with an extrusion die 24 .

In this embodiment, several groups of stirring rods 19 are arranged on the stirring shaft. The cross-sections of the stirring rods are circular, square, triangular or other irregular shapes. Each group of stirring rods is evenly distributed on the stirring shaft. There are several groups of stirring rods on the shaft.

In this embodiment, the lower part of the stirring shaft is connected with the spiral belt 20 . The spiral belt is in a spiral shape and is arranged below the stirring shaft, and the spiral angle of the spiral belt decreases sequentially from top to bottom. The setting of the spiral belt makes the stirring effect better and realizes the stable stirring of the materials at the bottom of the feeding chamber. Because there is still a little distance between the bottom of the stirring shaft and the feeding port, it is difficult for this part of the material to be stirred effectively. , the arrangement of the spiral belt of the present invention can make up for this defect well and achieve good stirring.

In this embodiment, a breathable membrane 21 is provided on the lower ventilation plate, and the breathable membrane is located on the upper surface of the lower ventilation plate. The gas permeable membrane can effectively isolate the material in the molten state through the gas, so that the gas can pass through, and at the same time to achieve effective exhaust, it can avoid the loss of the material and prevent the material from clogging the filler.

In this embodiment, a rapping device 22 is provided on the outside of the feeding chamber. The rapping device includes a rapping motor 221, a bearing 222, a connecting rod 223, and a rapping ball 224. The rapping motor is connected to the connecting rod through the bearing, and the connecting rod is connected to the connecting rod. The bearings are connected vertically, and the rapping ball is connected to the connecting rod, and the rapping ball is an elastic rapping ball. In this embodiment, the circumference of the rapping device drives the connecting rod to rotate, so that the connecting rod drives the rapping ball to rotate. During the rotation of the rapping ball, the wall of the feeding chamber is hit and the material is ripped.

In this embodiment, the screw rod is a single screw rod/double screw rod. The shape and pitch of the screw rod can be selected according to the actual material and the structure of the profile.

In this embodiment, a cooling chamber 23 is provided on the outer wall of the extrusion chamber, a cooling device is provided in the cooling chamber, and the cooling chamber is provided at the outlet of the extrusion chamber.

In this embodiment, cooling water cooling liquid is provided in the cooling chamber, and a water inlet 231 and a water outlet 232 are provided on the chamber wall of the cooling chamber. Cooling water is used to cool the extrusion chamber, and the cooling water can be recycled to save energy.

In this embodiment, a temperature detection device is installed in the feeding chamber to monitor the feeding temperature in the feeding chamber at any time, and the exhaust port of the exhaust chamber is connected to a fan, which is pumped by the fan to speed up the exhaust effect. At the same time, a temperature and humidity detection device is installed in the melting chamber to monitor the temperature and humidity in the melting chamber at any time. At the same time, the heating temperature in the melting chamber is further monitored according to the temperature of the feed, and the working efficiency of the exhaust fan is controlled according to the detected humidity.

Example 2

In this embodiment, the detachable connection between the exhaust pipe and the through hole of the melting chamber can be detachable connection in the prior art. Although a breathable film is used to avoid the backflow of the molten material, it is inevitable that the material will flow back The exhaust pipe is blocked, and the exhaust pipe needs to be cleaned after a period of use, and the breathable membrane and Raschig ring packing need to be replaced, so the detachable connection method is easy to operate, and it is convenient to replace the breathable membrane and Raschig ring packing, so as to avoid material clogging the exhaust pipe .

Example 3

In this embodiment, the Raschig ring packing is made of metal sheets, ceramics or heat-resistant plastic materials in the prior art. The size of the Raschig ring can be selected from Raschig rings with a size of less than 75 mm, and the packing is packed in the row in a random manner. inside the trachea.

Example 4

Using other cooling devices in the prior art, after the wood-plastic material is melted, it needs to be extruded, and after extrusion, it needs to be rapidly cooled.

In this embodiment, the cooling device can use a semiconductor cooling assembly, the semiconductor cooling assembly includes a cooling block, a heating block, and a semiconductor. One end of the semiconductor is connected to the cooling block, the other end is connected to the heating block, and the cooling block is fixedly connected to the extrusion chamber. on the outside wall. The cooling effect of semiconductor refrigeration components is better.

It should be noted that “left, right, front and rear” are used to define the side panels in this article. Obviously, the use of “left, right, front and rear” in this article to define the side panels of different orientations is only for the purpose of clearly expressing the technical solution. The application for the claimed technical solution does not constitute a limitation.

In addition to the above-described embodiments, the present invention may also have other embodiments. All technical solutions formed by equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

A wood-plastic raw material extrusion device, characterized in that: the extrusion device comprises a frame (100) and a casing (200), and the casing (200) includes a feeding chamber (1), a melting chamber (2), an extrusion chamber (3), the feeding chamber (1) is communicated with the melting chamber (2) through the feeding port (4), and the top of the feeding chamber (1) is provided with an upper cover ( 5), the upper cover (5) is provided with a feeding pipe (6) and a stirring motor (7), the stirring motor (7) is connected to the stirring shaft (8), and the stirring shaft (8) is located at the feeding position. Inside the chamber (1), the melting chamber (2) is provided with a screw motor (9) and a screw rod (10), the screw rod (10) is connected to the screw motor (9), and the screw motor (9) drives the screw The rod (10) rotates spirally; the outer periphery of the melting chamber (2) is provided with a heating chamber (11) and an exhaust chamber (12), and the heating chamber (11) is provided with a heating power source (13) and a heating resistance wire ( 14), a heat transfer block (15), the heating power source (13) is connected to a heating resistance wire (14), the heating resistance wire (14) is connected to a heat conductor (16), and the heat conductor (16) is arranged in the molten On the inner wall of the chamber (2), the heat transfer block (15) is arranged on the outer wall of the melting chamber (2); the exhaust chamber (12) is provided with a number of exhaust pipes (17), the exhaust The top of the chamber (12) is provided with a discharge port (18); the chamber wall of the melting chamber (2) is provided with a through hole, and one end of the exhaust pipe (17) passes through the through hole and is fixedly connected to the through hole On the edge of the exhaust pipe (17), an upper ventilation plate (171), a lower ventilation plate (172), and a filling layer (173) are arranged in the exhaust pipe (17). The upper ventilation plate (171) and the lower ventilation plate (172) A filling layer (173) is filled in between, and the filling layer (173) is filled with Raschig rings; an extrusion die (24) is arranged in the extrusion chamber (3). A wood-plastic raw material extrusion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the stirring shaft (8) is provided with several groups of stirring rods (19), and the cross-section of the stirring rods (19) is Round, square, triangular or other irregular shapes, each group of stirring rods (19) is evenly distributed on the stirring shaft (8) on the circumference, and there are multiple groups of stirring rods (19) on the stirring shaft (8) . A wood-plastic raw material extrusion device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the lower part of the stirring shaft (8) is connected with a spiral belt (20). A wood-plastic raw material extrusion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lower ventilation plate (172) is provided with a breathable film (21), and the breathable film (21) is located on the lower ventilation plate (172). A device for extruding wood-plastic raw materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: a rapping device (22) is provided outside the feeding chamber (1), and the rapping device (22) comprises a vibrating device (22). A rapping motor (221), a bearing (222), a connecting rod (223), and a rapping ball (224), the rapping motor (221) is connected to the connecting rod (223) through the bearing (222), and the connecting rod (223) ) is vertically connected with the bearing (222), the connecting rod (223) is connected with a rapping ball (224), and the rapping ball (224) is an elastic rapping ball (224). The extrusion device for wood-plastic raw materials according to claim 1, wherein the screw rod is a single screw rod or a double screw rod. A wood-plastic raw material extrusion device according to claim 6, characterized in that: a cooling chamber (23) is provided on the outer wall of the extrusion chamber (3), and a cooling chamber (23) is provided inside the cooling chamber (23). A cooling device, the cooling chamber (23) is arranged at the outlet of the extrusion chamber (3). A wood-plastic raw material extrusion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cooling chamber (23) is provided with cooling water cooling liquid, and the chamber wall of the cooling chamber (23) is provided with Water inlet (231), water outlet (232).