WO2022079969A1 - シート用表皮材 - Google Patents

シート用表皮材 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022079969A1
WO2022079969A1 PCT/JP2021/027169 JP2021027169W WO2022079969A1 WO 2022079969 A1 WO2022079969 A1 WO 2022079969A1 JP 2021027169 W JP2021027169 W JP 2021027169W WO 2022079969 A1 WO2022079969 A1 WO 2022079969A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sheet
skin material
hole
holes
surface layer
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Ceased
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PCT/JP2021/027169
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
順清 不破
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Seiren Co Ltd
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Seiren Co Ltd
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Application filed by Seiren Co Ltd filed Critical Seiren Co Ltd
Priority to JP2022556413A priority Critical patent/JPWO2022079969A1/ja
Publication of WO2022079969A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022079969A1/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C7/00—Parts, details, or accessories of chairs or stools
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C7/00—Parts, details, or accessories of chairs or stools
    • A47C7/62—Accessories for chairs
    • A47C7/72—Adaptations for incorporating lamps, radio sets, bars, telephones, ventilation, heating or cooling arrangements or the like
    • A47C7/74—Adaptations for incorporating lamps, radio sets, bars, telephones, ventilation, heating or cooling arrangements or the like for ventilation, heating or cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/58—Seat coverings

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a skin material for a sheet containing a fiber material.
  • the seats of automobiles, railroad cars, aircraft, etc. are covered with a skin material for seats in order to give them a comfortable feel in addition to design and antifouling properties.
  • a material having through holes formed on the surface in order to improve stuffiness and stickiness caused by sweating when sitting on the seat for a long time is known.
  • a through hole is formed by a punching machine.
  • sheet leathers made of synthetic leather see, for example, Patent Document 1
  • artificial leather for example, see Patent Document 2
  • the skin material for sheets using synthetic leather of Patent Document 1 is a skin material having a fibrous base material made of a tricot knitted fabric knitted with three or more reeds and a polyurethane resin layer, and through holes are conventionally known. It is formed by a method such as punching. Therefore, there is a frayed yarn derived from the fibrous base material on the inner wall of the through hole, and this frayed yarn may adversely affect the air permeability of the skin material for the seat.
  • the conventional skin material having through holes by punching is inferior in wear resistance, and when used as a skin material for seats for a long period of time, the fibrous base material is unraveled from the frayed threads on the inner wall of the through holes, and the air permeability becomes high. There was a risk that it would drop or the sheet skin material would tear from the through holes.
  • the peripheral edge of the through hole is covered with a thermal melt of a thermoplastic synthetic fiber and a thermoplastic resin, and the generation of frayed yarn can be suppressed.
  • the inner wall of the through hole has many irregularities, and these irregularities hinder the flow of air passing through the through hole, which may reduce the air permeability.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a skin material for a sheet having excellent breathability and wear resistance even if it contains a fiber material.
  • the characteristic configuration of the skin material for a sheet containing the fiber material according to the embodiment of the present invention for solving the above problems is It has a through hole with a hole diameter of 500 to 2000 ⁇ m.
  • the opening ratio which is the ratio of the area of the through hole to the sheet area, is 3.5 to 10%.
  • the skin material for a sheet having this configuration has through holes with a hole diameter of 500 to 2000 ⁇ m, and the opening ratio, which is the ratio of the area of the through holes to the sheet area, is 3.5 to 10%, so that the air permeability is improved. It becomes excellent and can improve the stuffiness and stickiness caused by sweating. Further, when the number of through holes per sheet area is n and the number of through holes in which frayed yarn derived from the fiber material is present is m, the penetration is made so as to satisfy the above formula (1). There is less risk of the fiber material unraveling from the frayed yarn present on the inner wall of the hole, and as a result, the wear resistance of the skin material for the sheet is improved.
  • the separation distance between the through holes adjacent to each other is set to 100 to 10000 ⁇ m.
  • the separation distance between the through holes adjacent to each other is set to 100 to 10,000 ⁇ m, the strength of the seat skin material can be improved, and the seat skin material can be improved from the through holes. Can reduce the risk of tearing.
  • the skin material for seats it is preferable to have a laminated structure having at least a front surface layer and a back surface layer.
  • the sheet skin material having this configuration since it has a laminated structure having at least a front surface layer and a back surface layer, it is possible to improve the strength and durability. Further, for example, a material that is soft to the touch is used for the front surface layer, and a material having excellent shock absorption is used for the back surface layer, so that the skin material for the sheet can be designed according to the demand of the consumer.
  • an intermediate layer is provided between the front surface layer and the back surface layer.
  • the intermediate layer improves the strength and durability, and the seat skin material as a whole has a profound feeling. Can be given.
  • a backing cloth is provided on the lower surface of the back surface layer.
  • the backing cloth is provided on the lower surface of the back surface layer, it is possible to prevent the back surface layer from being damaged when forming the through hole.
  • the back surface layer is made of a cushion material.
  • the back surface layer is composed of a cushion material, so that flexibility can be enhanced. Further, it becomes easy to form not only a normal through hole whose hole diameter does not change, but also a through hole whose diameter is reduced from the surface layer side to the back surface layer side.
  • the design of the seat skin material can be improved without impairing the strength and wear resistance.
  • the characteristic configuration of the skin material for a sheet containing the fiber material according to another embodiment of the present invention for solving the above problems is as follows.
  • the sheet skin material produced in this manner has excellent breathability and can improve the stuffiness and stickiness generated by sweating.
  • the number of through holes in which the frayed yarn derived from the fiber material is present can be reduced, so that the fiber material can be unwound from the frayed yarn existing in the inner wall of the through holes. There is little risk, and as a result, the wear resistance of the sheet skin material can be improved.
  • the sandwiching step it is preferable to insert a protective sheet between the base material and the receiving plate.
  • the characteristic configuration of the skin material for a sheet containing the fiber material according to another embodiment of the present invention for solving the above problems is as follows. It has a through hole with a hole diameter of 500 to 2000 ⁇ m.
  • the opening ratio which is the ratio of the area of the through hole to the sheet area, is 3.5 to 10%.
  • the air permeability measured according to JIS L1096 8.26.1 A method (Frazil type method) is 50 to 130 cm 3 / cm 2 ⁇ s.
  • a through hole having a hole diameter of 500 to 2000 ⁇ m is provided, and the opening ratio, which is the ratio of the area of the through hole to the sheet area, is 3.5 to 10%, and JIS L1096 8. 26.1
  • the air permeability measured according to the A method is 50 to 130 cm 3 / cm 2 ⁇ s, so it has excellent air permeability and improves stuffiness and stickiness caused by sweating. can do.
  • the air permeability is set to an appropriate range, it is not affected by frayed threads that obstruct the flow of air through the through holes, and even if the opening ratio is relatively low, it has high air permeability. Can be realized. Further, it is possible to improve the wear resistance while suppressing the aperture ratio of the skin material for the sheet to be low and improving the strength.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a skin material for a sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view illustrating an arrangement pattern of through holes in the skin material for a seat.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a modified example of the skin material for a seat according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a method for manufacturing a skin material for a seat according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is an image of the through holes and their peripheral edges before and after the wear test for the sheet skin materials of Examples 1 and 4.
  • FIG. 6 is a graph showing the correlation between the air permeability and the aperture ratio of the sheet skin materials of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6.
  • the skin material for a sheet of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
  • a method for manufacturing a skin material for a sheet will also be described.
  • the present invention is not intended to be limited to the configurations described below.
  • the hole diameter of the through hole of the sheet skin material is not a strict reproduction of the size relationship in the actual seat skin material, and is exaggerated as appropriate for facilitation of explanation.
  • the "upper surface side" of the seat skin material means the side that the seated person directly touches when the seat skin material is stretched on the seat surface as the upholstery, and the "lower surface side” means the seat. It means the main body side.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the structure of the skin material 1 for a sheet according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the skin material 1 for a sheet has a base material 10 containing a fiber material.
  • the base material 10 may have a single-layer structure or a laminated structure.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a sheet skin material 1 having a laminated structure including a front surface layer 11, a back surface layer 13, and a backing cloth 14 as the base material 10.
  • the sheet skin material 1 either one or both of the front surface layer 11 and the back surface layer 13 is configured to include the fiber material.
  • the sheet skin material 1 has a through hole 2 extending from the upper surface side to the lower surface side.
  • the through holes 2 penetrate from the upper surface side of the front surface layer 11 to the lower surface side of the backing cloth 14 via the back surface layer 13, and although not shown, a plurality of through holes 2 are formed over the entire skin material 1 for the sheet. It is assumed that it is.
  • the through hole 2 may have various shapes such as a circular shape, an elliptical shape, and a polygonal shape when the seat skin material 1 is viewed from the upper surface side.
  • the shapes of the plurality of through holes 2 may be the same or different from each other. In particular, since they are excellent in wear resistance and strength, all the through holes 2 should be circular. Is preferable.
  • the hole diameter of the through hole 2 is set to 500 to 2000 ⁇ m.
  • the hole diameter is less than 500 ⁇ m, the through hole 2 does not have sufficient air permeability.
  • the pore diameter exceeds 2000 ⁇ m, the strength of the sheet skin material 1 may decrease.
  • the through hole 2 has a shape other than the circular shape, if the opening area per through hole 2 is 0.19 to 3.2 mm 2 , it has almost the same function as the circular through hole 2. The effect can be obtained.
  • the hole diameter As a method for measuring the hole diameter, the surface of the skin material 1 for a sheet is observed with a microscope (for example, VHX-200 / 100F manufactured by KEYENCE CORPORATION) at a magnification of 60 times, and the hole diameter is measured for each of 10 holes. Then, a method of calculating the average value thereof can be exemplified.
  • a microscope for example, VHX-200 / 100F manufactured by KEYENCE CORPORATION
  • the shape of the through hole 2 in the depth direction may be a tubular shape having substantially the same diameter from the upper surface side to the lower surface side, or a funnel whose diameter is reduced from the upper surface side to the lower surface side. It may be in the shape.
  • the tubular through hole 2 When the tubular through hole 2 is used, the design becomes neat and functional. If the funnel-shaped through hole 2 is used, the design will be deep.
  • the hole diameter on the lower surface side of the through hole 2 (that is, the side with a small hole diameter) is set to 500 to 2000 ⁇ m.
  • the fiber of the fiber material may be broken and a frayed thread may appear on the inner wall of the through hole 2.
  • the term "frayed yarn” means a yarn derived from a fiber material protruding from the inner wall of the through hole 2 into the through hole 2. If the frayed yarn is present on the inner wall of the through hole 2, when the skin material 1 for the sheet is worn, a tensile force is applied to the frayed yarn, and the fiber material may be unraveled. In addition, the frayed yarn obstructs the flow of air passing through the through hole 2 and causes deterioration of air permeability.
  • the sheet skin material 1 of the present invention is designed so that the ratio of the through holes 2 in which the frayed yarn is present is not more than a certain level.
  • the sheet skin material 1 is It is configured to satisfy the following equation (1). 0 ⁇ m ⁇ 0.3n ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ (1)
  • the skin material 1 for a sheet satisfying the formula (1) has few through holes 2 in which frayed yarns are present, there are few frayed yarns themselves, excellent wear resistance, and the possibility of unraveling the fiber material can be reduced. Further, since there are few frayed threads that obstruct the flow of air passing through the through hole 2, the air permeability can be improved even if the opening ratio is relatively low.
  • the through hole 2 can be formed in the sheet skin material 1 in various arrangement patterns.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating an arrangement pattern of the through holes 2 in the skin material 1 for a seat.
  • the arrangement pattern of the through hole 2 the diamond pattern of FIG. 2 (a), the stripe pattern of FIG. 2 (b), the entire surface pattern of FIG. 2 (c), the honeycomb pattern of FIG. 2 (d), and the honeycomb pattern of FIG. 2 (e).
  • the lattice pattern, the random pattern of FIG. 2 (f), and the gradation pattern of FIG. 2 (g) are illustrated.
  • Examples of other arrangement patterns of the through holes 2 include a border pattern, a scale pattern, a zigzag pattern, a cloisonne pattern, and a wavy line pattern.
  • the skin material 1 for a sheet of the present invention has few through holes 2 in which frayed threads are present and has excellent wear resistance, so that an arrangement pattern in which the through holes 2 have a high density is also possible.
  • the density (average density) of the through holes 2 can be set to a high density exceeding 100 pieces / (25.4 mm) 2 .
  • the dense arrangement pattern of the through holes 2 can increase design options and improve stuffiness and stickiness. Further, as an arrangement pattern in which the density of the through hole 2 is high, the density of the through hole 2 is increased in the portion in contact with the seated person such as the back and buttocks, and the density of the through hole 2 is in the other portion in which the contact with the seated person is small.
  • Anomalous placement patterns with reduced densities are also useful.
  • the air permeability can be further improved in the portion that comes into contact with the back and buttocks where stuffiness and stickiness are likely to occur, and the strength can be maintained in the portion that has little contact with the seated person.
  • the opening ratio which is the ratio of the area of the through holes 2 to the sheet area of the sheet skin material 1, is set to 3.5 to 10%.
  • the sheet area means "the area of a circle having a diameter of 8 cm (5026.5 mm 2 )".
  • the opening ratio preferably satisfies the above-mentioned opening ratio by the sheet area, and further preferably satisfies the above-mentioned opening ratio in the entire sheet skin material 1. If the aperture ratio is less than 3.5%, sufficient air permeability cannot be obtained. On the other hand, if the aperture ratio exceeds 10%, the strength and wear resistance of the sheet skin material 1 may decrease.
  • the surface of the skin material for the sheet is observed with a microscope (for example, VHX-200 / 100F manufactured by KEYENCE CORPORATION) at a magnification of 60 times, and the through hole 2 and the other areas are observed. It is possible to exemplify a method in which a value calculated by binarization (calculation formula: opening area ⁇ predetermined area ⁇ 100) is obtained for each of 10 arbitrary holes, and the average value thereof is used as the aperture ratio. ..
  • the "predetermined area” here is "the area of a circle with a diameter of 8 cm (5026.5 mm 2 )".
  • the separation distance between one through hole 2 and another adjacent through hole 2 it is preferable to set the separation distance between one through hole 2 and another adjacent through hole 2 to 100 to 10000 ⁇ m.
  • the through holes 2 are adjacent to each other in any of the warp direction (weaving direction), the weft direction (weaving width direction), and the diagonal direction. It is preferable that the distance between them is 100 to 10000 ⁇ m. If the separation distance is less than 100 ⁇ m, the strength and wear resistance of the sheet skin material 1 may decrease, the through holes 2 may be connected to each other by fine cracks, and the sheet skin material 1 may be torn.
  • the separation distance exceeds 10,000 ⁇ m, sufficient air permeability cannot be ensured.
  • a method for measuring the distance between the through holes 2 a method of observing the surface of the sheet skin material 1 with a microscope (for example, VHX-200 / 100F manufactured by KEYENCE CORPORATION) can be exemplified.
  • the observation magnification is set to the magnification at which the two through holes are displayed on the screen.
  • the surface layer 11 for example, woven fabric, knitted fabric, non-woven fabric, artificial leather, synthetic leather, natural leather, or the like can be used.
  • the base material 10 containing the fiber material may be composed of only the surface layer 11.
  • Examples of the fiber material that can be used for the surface layer 11 include natural fiber, regenerated fiber, semi-synthetic fiber, and synthetic fiber.
  • synthetic fibers are preferable from the viewpoint of durability, particularly mechanical strength, heat resistance, light resistance, and abrasion resistance, and among synthetic fibers, polyester fibers such as polyethylene terephthalate fibers are more preferable.
  • the woven fabric that can be used for the surface layer 11 for example, a plain weave, a diagonal weave, a satin weave, a change structure of these three original structures, a special structure such as a pear weave, and a mixed structure in which two or more of these are combined are used. And so on.
  • Examples of the knitted fabric that can be used for the surface layer 11 include weft knitting such as round knitting and horizontal knitting, warp knitting such as tricot knitting, Russell knitting, and Mirany's knitting.
  • non-woven fabric that can be used for the surface layer 11
  • long fiber filaments or short fibers (staples) of synthetic resin such as polyester-based, polyamide-based, polyacrylic-based, and polyolefin-based are deposited and bonded at high density and in a non-directional manner. Things can be mentioned.
  • the non-woven fabric may contain a water repellent agent, a heat resistance improving agent, an antioxidant, a flame retardant and the like.
  • artificial leather that can be used for the surface layer 11, for example, a base cloth made of a non-woven fabric, a woven fabric, a knitted fabric, or the like is impregnated with a synthetic resin (polyvinyl chloride resin, polyurethane resin, etc.) solution, and brushed or embossed. Then, the ones finished to resemble leather such as suede and nubuck can be mentioned.
  • a synthetic resin polyvinyl chloride resin, polyurethane resin, etc.
  • synthetic leather that can be used for the surface layer 11
  • a synthetic resin polyvinyl chloride resin, polyurethane resin, etc.
  • the method for producing synthetic leather may be either a wet method or a dry method.
  • Natural leathers that can be used for the surface layer 11 include mammal leathers such as cows, horses, pigs, goats, sheep and kangaroos, bird leathers such as ostriches, and reptile leathers such as sea turtles, lizards, snakes and crocodile. Leather is mentioned. Of these, cowhide, which is highly versatile, has a large area, and is thick, is preferable.
  • Natural leather that tans animal skin (raw leather) to impart durability (heat resistance, putrefaction resistance, chemical resistance, etc.) and brings out the leatheriness, that is, a conventionally known leather making process ( It is preferable to use the one that has been subjected to the tanning step, the dyeing step, and the finishing step).
  • Natural leather has a structure in which collagen fibers are entangled, and is treated as one of the fiber materials in the present specification.
  • the thickness of the surface layer 11 is preferably 0.3 to 20 mm from the viewpoint of easily forming the through hole 2. If the thickness is less than 0.3 mm, the wear resistance of the surface layer 11 becomes insufficient. On the other hand, if the thickness exceeds 20 mm, the flexibility of the surface layer 11 is insufficient, which leads to deterioration of the seat comfort.
  • the back surface layer 13 can preferably be made of a material having flexibility, flexibility, and elasticity that can be expanded and contracted in the thickness direction, and is preferably composed of, for example, a cushion material. By forming the back surface layer 13 with a cushion material, the sitting feeling and the tactile feeling are improved.
  • the surface layer 11 front surface structure
  • the back surface layer 13 back surface structure
  • a double Russell warp knitted fabric in which a layer 11 and a back surface layer 13 are confounded is used as a base material 10, and a required through hole 2 is provided in the base material 10 to form a sheet skin material 1.
  • Examples of the method of integrating the front surface layer 11 and the cushion material (back surface layer 13) include a method of using an adhesive, a method of frame laminating, and a method of suturing. From the viewpoint of process load and weight reduction, the frame laminating method is preferable.
  • a synthetic resin foam made of polystyrene resin, polyethylene resin, polypropylene resin, polyurethane resin, phenol resin, etc., or a three-dimensional fabric or three-dimensional fabric using natural fiber, recycled fiber, semi-synthetic fiber, synthetic fiber, etc. Examples thereof include fabrics such as knitted fabrics and non-woven fabrics.
  • a synthetic resin foam is preferable from the viewpoint of being lightweight and excellent in dimensional stability, and a synthetic resin foam sheet (polyurethane foam sheet) made of polyurethane resin is preferable from the viewpoint of versatility.
  • the specific gravity of the synthetic resin foam is preferably 0.01 to 0.1 g / cm 3 .
  • the specific gravity is less than 0.01 g / cm 3 , the strength of the synthetic resin foam is insufficient, the synthetic resin foam is deformed by the weight of the seated person, the through hole 2 is deformed (reduced diameter), and the air permeability is improved. There is a risk of deterioration.
  • the specific gravity exceeds 0.1 g / cm 3 , the flexibility is insufficient, which leads to deterioration of the seat comfort.
  • the thickness of the back surface layer 13 is preferably 0.2 to 20 mm, more preferably 0.5 to 2 mm. If the thickness is less than 0.2 mm, the seating feeling and the tactile feeling cannot be sufficiently improved. On the other hand, when the thickness exceeds 20 mm, it becomes difficult to form the through hole 2.
  • the thickness of the laminated sheet in which the front surface layer 11 and the back surface layer 13 are integrated is preferably 1.3 to 30 mm.
  • the thickness of the back surface layer 13 is preferably 1.0 to 10 mm.
  • a backing cloth 14 on the lower surface of the back surface layer 13 from the viewpoint of preventing damage to the back surface layer 13 (cushion material) when the through hole 2 is formed.
  • a woven fabric, a knitted fabric, or a non-woven fabric can be used as the backing cloth 14.
  • a woven fabric, knitted fabric, and non-woven fabric the woven fabric, knitted fabric, and non-woven fabric exemplified in the above surface layer 11 can be used.
  • Examples of the fiber material that can be used for the backing cloth 14 include natural fiber, regenerated fiber, semi-synthetic fiber, and synthetic fiber. These can be used alone or in combination. From the viewpoint of efficiently removing punched pieces of the laminated sheet when forming the through hole 2, it is preferable to use a fiber having a low melting point, and it is more preferable to use a synthetic fiber such as polyester.
  • the type of yarn constituting the backing cloth 14 may be either filament yarn (long fiber yarn) or spun yarn (short fiber yarn). Further, it may be a twisted yarn that has been twisted as needed.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a modified example of the skin material for a seat according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the sheet skin material 1 may have a non-through hole 3 formed in addition to the through hole 2.
  • the non-through hole 3 does not have a function of improving air permeability, but is less likely to impair strength and wear resistance as compared with the through hole 2. Therefore, by arranging the through hole 2 and the non-through hole 3 together, it is possible to improve the design of the skin material 1 for the sheet while ensuring the strength and the wear resistance.
  • an intermediate layer 12 may be further provided between the front surface layer 11 and the back surface layer 13. By providing the intermediate layer 12, it is possible to give a profound feeling.
  • the intermediate layer 12 for example, fabrics such as woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, and non-woven fabrics, and synthetic resin foams such as polyurethane foam can be used.
  • the sheet skin material 1 containing the fiber material of the present invention has through holes 2 having a hole diameter of 500 to 2000 ⁇ m, and the opening ratio, which is the ratio of the area of the through holes 2 to the sheet area, is 3.5 to.
  • the number of through holes 2 per sheet area is n
  • the number of through holes 2 in which frayed yarn derived from the fiber material is present is m
  • the following formula (1) 0 ⁇ m ⁇ 0.3n ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ (1)
  • JIS L1096 8.26.1 A method Frazier type method
  • the air permeability is set to 50 to 130 cm 3 / cm 2 ⁇ s.
  • the air permeability is less than 50 cm 3 / cm 2 ⁇ s, the stuffiness and stickiness generated by sweating cannot be sufficiently suppressed.
  • the air permeability exceeds 130 cm 3 / cm 2 ⁇ s, the opening ratio of the seat skin material 1 becomes high, so that cracks originating from the through holes 2 propagate to the entire surface of the seat skin material 1. It becomes easier and the durability and wear resistance are lowered.
  • the air permeability By setting the air permeability to 50 to 130 cm 3 / cm 2 ⁇ s, the sheet skin material 1 is not affected by the frayed yarn that obstructs the flow of air passing through the through hole 2. Therefore, even if the aperture ratio is relatively low, high air permeability can be realized. Further, it is possible to improve the wear resistance while suppressing the aperture ratio of the sheet skin material 1 to be low and improving the strength.
  • x is a variable indicating the aperture ratio and y is a variable indicating the air permeability.
  • A is a constant indicating the efficiency of air permeability of the skin material 1 for a sheet having a through hole 2, and is referred to as air permeability efficiency A.
  • the sheet skin material 1 having the through holes 2 of the present invention has a positive correlation that the air permeability increases as the aperture ratio increases.
  • the air permeability is lowered due to the frayed yarn on the inner wall of the through hole 2 and the unevenness of the inner wall. Therefore, the ventilation efficiency A varies depending on the state of the inner wall of the through hole 2.
  • the sheet skin material 1 of the present invention preferably has a ventilation efficiency A set to 10.0 or higher, and more preferably set to 12.0 or higher.
  • a ventilation efficiency A set to 10.0 or higher, and more preferably set to 12.0 or higher.
  • a method for manufacturing the above-mentioned sheet skin material 1 will be described.
  • a method for manufacturing a sheet skin material 1 in which a surface layer 11 made of a polyester woven fabric, a back surface layer 13 made of a polyurethane foam sheet, and a back cloth 14 made of a polyester knitted fabric are laminated will be described.
  • FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a method for manufacturing the skin material 1 for a sheet according to one embodiment.
  • A is a diagram showing an example of a substrate forming process
  • a' is a diagram showing another example of the substrate forming process
  • b is a diagram showing a sandwiching process
  • c is a diagram showing a pressing process.
  • D is a diagram showing a carry-out process.
  • the polyester woven fabric sheet constituting the front surface layer 11 is unwound from the first drum 91, and the polyurethane foam sheet constituting the back surface layer 13 is unwound from the second drum 92.
  • the surface of the sheet is heated by a heating means (in this example, the burner 93 is exemplified).
  • the polyester woven sheet is sandwiched between a pair of pinch rolls 94 and 95 and sent to the downstream side so that the polyester woven sheet is bonded to the place where the surface of the heated polyurethane foam sheet is melted, and the polyester woven sheet and the polyurethane foam sheet are overlapped and welded.
  • the resulting two-layer sheet (laminated sheet) is wound up with a winding roll 96.
  • the take-up roll 96 from which the two-layer sheet is taken up is set as the second drum 92.
  • the two-layer sheet is fed out from the second drum 92 while feeding the polyester knitted sheet, and the surface of the polyurethane foam sheet in the two-layer sheet is heated by a heating means.
  • the surface of the polyurethane foam sheet is melted and sent downstream while being sandwiched between a pair of pinch rolls 94 and 95 so as to be attached to the polyester knitted sheet, and the polyester woven sheet, the polyurethane foam sheet, and the polyester knitted sheet are overlapped.
  • the welded three-layer sheet is taken up by a take-up roll 96 as a base material 10 of the skin material 1 for a sheet.
  • a take-up roll 96 As a base material 10 of the skin material 1 for a sheet.
  • a drum and a heating means which are not shown, are set with the sheets constituting the intermediate layer 12 are further added. You may prepare.
  • FIG. 4 (a') As another example of the base material forming step, there is one as shown in FIG. 4 (a'). As shown in FIG. 4 (a'), the polyurethane foam sheet constituting the back surface layer 13 is unwound from the first drum (not shown), and the polyester knitted sheet constituting the backing cloth 14 is unwound from the second drum (not shown). The surface of the polyurethane foam sheet is heated by a heating means (burner 93), and the polyester knitted sheet is sandwiched between pinch rolls 97 and 98 so as to be bonded to the place where the surface of the polyurethane foam sheet is melted and sent to the downstream side.
  • a heating means burner 93
  • the surface of the polyurethane foam sheet in the two-layer sheet (laminated sheet) in which the polyester knitted sheet and the polyurethane foam sheet are laminated and welded is heated by a heating means (burner 93'), and the surface of the polyurethane foam sheet is melted.
  • the polyester woven sheet constituting the surface layer 11, which is unwound from the third drum (not shown), is sent to the downstream side while being sandwiched between pinch rolls 98 and 99 so as to be bonded. Then, the polyester woven fabric sheet, the polyurethane foam sheet, and the polyester knitted sheet are laminated and welded to each other, and the three-layer sheet is wound up as the base material 10 of the skin material 1 for the sheet by a winding roll (not shown).
  • the base material 10 formed in the above-mentioned base material forming step is configured by erecting an embossing portion 62 for forming a through hole 2 on the substrate 61. It is sandwiched between the push plate 60 to be formed and the receiving plate 70 facing the push plate 60. At this time, it is preferable to place the protective sheet 80 on the receiving plate 70 in advance so that the protective sheet 80 intervenes between the base material 10 and the receiving plate 70.
  • the shape of the embossed portion 62 is not particularly limited and may be a desired shape, but from the viewpoint of easily forming the through hole 2, the embossed portion 62 is preferably frustum-shaped. Further, for the same reason, it is preferable that the top surface of the embossed portion 62 is circular, and more preferably, the portion other than the peripheral edge of the embossed portion 62 (inside the top surface) is a recess.
  • the top surface of the embossed portion 62 may be a slope (a shape like a cross section of a single-edged blade). This facilitates the embossing portion 62 to enter the base material 10 and facilitates the formation of the through hole 2.
  • the shape of the receiving plate 70 used in the embossing method may be a smooth plate shape, or a recess corresponding to the embossing portion 62 may be formed (so-called male-female type).
  • the shapes of the push plate 60 and the receiving plate 70 the above shapes can be appropriately combined and used.
  • the protective sheet 80 is used to prevent damage to the embossed portion 62, efficiently remove punched pieces (not shown) when forming the through hole 2, and facilitate the formation of the through hole 2. It is provided.
  • the protective sheet 80 is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include paper, film, woven fabric, knitted fabric, and non-woven fabric. Among them, woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, and non-woven fabrics, particularly woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, and non-woven fabrics made of low melting point fibers are preferable from the viewpoint of efficiently removing punched pieces, and from the viewpoint of facilitating the formation of through holes 2. , Paper is preferred.
  • the push plate 60 is relatively moved so as to be close to the receiving plate 70, and the stamping portion 62 of the pushing plate 60 is pressed against the receiving plate 70 to form a through hole in the base material 10.
  • Form 2 the embossing portion 62 is heated by a heating means (not shown).
  • the fiber material contained in the base material 10 is applied to the inner wall of the through hole 2 due to the interaction between the heat applied to the base material 10 and the pressure that the base material 10 receives from the side surface of the embossing portion 62 at the time of drilling.
  • the form existing along the wall surface of the inner wall is maintained.
  • the heating means for example, an embossing method using a heated embossing portion 62 when the base material 10 is perforated to form a through hole 2 (hereinafter, referred to as “heating embossing method”).
  • heat embossing method for example, a flat surface embossing method or a rotary embossing method can be used. According to the heat embossing method, the temperature can be easily set and stabilized, so that the surface of the inner wall of the through hole 2 can be uniformly heated. As a result, the unevenness of the inner wall of the through hole 2 can be reduced, and the air permeability can be improved.
  • the push plate 60 has an embossed portion (for example, a short embossed portion) having a height different from that of the embossed portion 62 and a tip portion, although not shown, in order to form the non-through hole 3 of the seat skin material 1. It may be further provided with a rounded embossing portion.
  • a push plate 60 provided with an embossed portion 62 for forming the through hole 2 and a push plate (not shown) provided with the embossed portion for forming the non-through hole 3 are prepared as separate bodies. , Each push plate may be used to perform the pinching step and the pressing step twice.
  • the push plate 60 is relatively moved so as to separate the push plate 60 from the back plate 70, and the base material 10 on which the through hole 2 is formed is moved to the push plate 60 and the back plate 60. Take out from between 70. In this way, the skin material 1 for a sheet having the through holes 2 can be manufactured.
  • the above manufacturing method is not limited to a specific fiber material, and it is possible to manufacture the skin material 1 for a sheet. Further, the sheet skin material 1 manufactured in this manner has few through holes 2 in which frayed yarns are present and the frayed yarns themselves, is excellent in wear resistance, and can reduce the possibility that the fiber material is unraveled. Further, since there are few frayed threads that obstruct the flow of air passing through the through hole 2, the air permeability can be improved even if the opening ratio is relatively low. Therefore, when used as an upholstery for the seat surface, stuffiness and stickiness can be reliably suppressed.
  • the seat skin material 1 can also be manufactured by the welder processing method.
  • the base material 10 is passed between the movable surface plate to which the embossing portion 62 is attached and the insulating paper on the fixed surface plate, and the surface plate is heated by high frequency.
  • the through hole 2 is formed by heating and pressing the base material 10 by the embossing portion 62.
  • the shape of the embossed portion 62 used in the welder processing method the same shape as that in the embossing processing method can be used.
  • Examples of the insulating paper used in the welder processing method include a silicone sheet, a Teflon (registered trademark) sheet, a bakelite plate, paper, and the like, and these can be used alone or in combination. Above all, it is preferable to use paper from the viewpoint of ease of forming the through hole 2.
  • a protective sheet 80 (for example, a film or the like) may also be used in order to facilitate the formation.
  • Both the above-described embodiment and the production method according to another embodiment can produce the skin material 1 for a sheet without being limited to a specific fiber material. Further, the skin material 1 for a sheet manufactured by these manufacturing methods is also excellent in wear resistance and breathability.
  • the seat skin materials (Examples 1 to 4) having the characteristic configuration of the present invention were prepared. Further, for comparison, a skin material for a sheet (Comparative Examples 1 to 6) having no characteristic configuration of the present invention was prepared.
  • Example 1 B crushed fabric (5 sheets) woven with warp (75 dtex / 36f polyester split yarn and 30 dtex / 12f polyester high shrink yarn combined twisted yarn) and warp (167 dtex / 48f polyester processed yarn twin yarn) on the surface layer.
  • a base material was prepared using a urethane sheet EL67F (manufactured by Inoac Corporation) for the back surface layer and NK15-152 (manufactured by Kiryu Tricot Co., Ltd.) for the backing cloth.
  • the base material was perforated by a heat embossing method to form 206 through holes having a hole diameter of 1340 ⁇ m per area of 5026.5 mm 2 , and a skin material for a sheet of Example 1 having an aperture ratio of 5.8% was obtained.
  • the separation distances of the through holes adjacent to each other are 5338 ⁇ m in the warp direction (woven direction), 5338 ⁇ m in the weft direction (woven width direction), and 3770 ⁇ m in the diagonal direction, and the arrangement pattern of the through holes is Honeycomb pattern.
  • Example 2 A base material was prepared under the same conditions as in Example 1. The base material was perforated by a heat embossing method to form 197 through holes having a hole diameter of 1320 ⁇ m per area of 5026.5 mm 2 , and a skin material for a sheet of Example 2 having an aperture ratio of 5.4% was obtained.
  • the separation distances of the through holes adjacent to each other are 3166 ⁇ m in the warp direction (woven direction), 3656 ⁇ m in the weft direction (woven width direction), and 3656 ⁇ m in the diagonal direction, and the arrangement pattern of the through holes is Honeycomb pattern.
  • Example 3 A base material was prepared under the same conditions as in Example 1. The base material was perforated by a heat embossing method to form 173 through holes having a hole diameter of 1310 ⁇ m per area of 5026.5 mm 2 , and a skin material for a sheet of Example 3 having an aperture ratio of 4.6% was obtained.
  • the separation distances of the through holes adjacent to each other are 3166 ⁇ m in the warp direction (woven direction), 3656 ⁇ m in the weft direction (woven width direction), and 3656 ⁇ m in the diagonal direction, and the arrangement pattern of the through holes is The entire pattern was used.
  • Example 4 A base material was prepared under the same conditions as in Example 1. The base material was perforated using a punching machine to form 206 through holes having a hole diameter of 1340 ⁇ m per area of 5026.5 mm 2 , and a skin material for a sheet of Example 4 having a hole opening ratio of 5.8% was obtained. rice field.
  • the separation distances of the through holes adjacent to each other are 5338 ⁇ m in the warp direction (woven direction), 5338 ⁇ m in the weft direction (woven width direction), and 3770 ⁇ m in the diagonal direction, and the arrangement pattern of the through holes is Honeycomb pattern.
  • Example 1 A base material was prepared under the same conditions as in Example 1. The base material was perforated by a heat embossing method to form 154 through holes having a hole diameter of 1150 ⁇ m per area of 5026.5 mm 2 , and a skin material for a sheet of Comparative Example 1 having an aperture ratio of 3.2% was obtained.
  • the separation distances of the through holes adjacent to each other are 6159 ⁇ m in the warp direction (weaving direction) and 15295 ⁇ m in the weft direction (woven width direction) in the portion where the through holes are rough, and the through holes are dense.
  • the warp direction (weaving direction) was 6159 ⁇ m
  • the weft direction (weaving width direction) was 6159 ⁇ m
  • the diagonal direction was 4800 ⁇ m
  • the arrangement pattern of the through holes was a gradation pattern.
  • Example 2 A base material was prepared under the same conditions as in Example 1. The base material was perforated by a heat embossing method to form 47 through holes having a hole diameter of 1110 ⁇ m per 5026.5 mm 2 area to obtain a skin material for a sheet of Comparative Example 2 having an aperture ratio of 0.9%.
  • the separation distances of the through holes adjacent to each other were 6159 ⁇ m in the warp direction (weaving direction) and 15295 ⁇ m in the weft direction (woven width direction) in the portion where the through holes were rough, and the through holes were dense.
  • the warp direction (weaving direction) was 6159 ⁇ m
  • the weft direction (weaving width direction) was 6159 ⁇ m
  • the diagonal direction was 4800 ⁇ m
  • the arrangement pattern of the through holes was a gradation pattern.
  • Example 3 A base material was prepared under the same conditions as in Example 1. The base material was perforated by a heat embossing method to form 65 through holes having a hole diameter of 1410 ⁇ m per 5026.5 mm 2 area, and a skin material for a sheet of Comparative Example 3 having an aperture ratio of 2.0% was obtained.
  • the separation distances of the through holes adjacent to each other are 6672 ⁇ m in the warp direction (woven direction), 6672 ⁇ m in the weft direction (woven width direction), and 4717 ⁇ m in the diagonal direction, and the arrangement pattern of the through holes is I made it a diamond pattern.
  • Example 4 A base material was prepared under the same conditions as in Example 1. The base material was perforated by a heat embossing method to form 52 through holes having a hole diameter of 1410 ⁇ m per 5026.5 mm 2 area, and a skin material for a sheet of Comparative Example 4 having an aperture ratio of 1.6% was obtained.
  • the separation distances of the through holes adjacent to each other are 6672 ⁇ m in the warp direction (woven direction), 6672 ⁇ m in the weft direction (woven width direction), and 4717 ⁇ m in the diagonal direction, and the arrangement pattern of the through holes is I made it a diamond pattern.
  • Example 5 A base material was prepared under the same conditions as in Example 1. The base material was perforated by a heat embossing method to form 104 through holes having a hole diameter of 1300 ⁇ m per area of 5026.5 mm 2 , and a skin material for a sheet of Comparative Example 5 having an aperture ratio of 2.8% was obtained.
  • the separation distances of the through holes adjacent to each other are 5000 ⁇ m in the warp direction (woven direction), 5000 ⁇ m in the weft direction (woven width direction), and 5910 ⁇ m in the diagonal direction, and the arrangement pattern of the through holes is I made it a striped pattern.
  • Example 6 A base material was prepared under the same conditions as in Example 1. The base material was perforated by a heat embossing method to form 93 through holes having a hole diameter of 1300 ⁇ m per area of 5026.5 mm 2 , and a skin material for a sheet of Comparative Example 6 having an aperture ratio of 2.5% was obtained.
  • the separation distances of the through holes adjacent to each other are 5000 ⁇ m in the warp direction (woven direction), 5000 ⁇ m in the weft direction (woven width direction), and 5910 ⁇ m in the diagonal direction, and the arrangement pattern of the through holes is I made it a striped pattern.
  • Example 1 and Example 4 were collected one by one from each of the warp direction (weaving direction) and the weft direction (weaving width direction) with a size of 70 mm in width and 300 mm in length.
  • a polyurethane foam having a width of 70 mm, a length of 300 mm, and a thickness of 10 mm was attached to the back surface of the collected test piece.
  • a cotton canvas (No. 6) is attached to a friction element with a curved surface radius (R) of 10 mm on a flat surface wear tester T-type (manufactured by Daiei Kagaku Seiki Seisakusho Co., Ltd.), and the surface on the upper surface side of each test piece is spaced 140 mm apart.
  • the wear test was carried out under the test conditions of a pressing load of 9.8 N, a reciprocating speed of 60 times / minute, and a friction frequency of 10,000 times.
  • FIG. 5 is an image of the through holes of Examples 1 and 4 and their peripheral edges before and after the wear test.
  • Example 1 no frayed yarn was present on the inner wall of the through hole before the wear test, and the base material was not unraveled even after the wear test.
  • Example 4 frayed yarn was present on the inner wall of the through hole even before the wear test. Further, after the wear test, the number of frayed yarns increased, and further, as clearly observed after the wear test in the weft direction of Example 4 of FIG. 5, the frayed yarns on the inner wall of the through hole were pulled to form a base. A part of the wood was unraveled.
  • Air permeability measurement test The air permeability of the skin materials for each sheet of Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6 was measured by a method based on JIS L1096 8.26.1 A method (Frazil type method). .. The results of the air permeability measurement test, and the air permeability A obtained by substituting the measured air permeability and the aperture ratio into the above formula (2) are shown in Table 1 below.
  • the sheet skin materials of Examples 1 to 4 all have a through hole diameter of 500 to 2000 ⁇ m and an aperture ratio of 3.5 to 10%, and have an air permeability of 50 cm 3 / cm 2 ⁇ s. It showed better breathability than that.
  • Comparative Examples 1 and 2 in the weft direction (weaving width direction) of the portion where the through holes were rough, there were some through holes adjacent to each other having a separation distance of more than 10,000 ⁇ m, so that the through holes were good. It was not possible to achieve both rate and air permeability. Also in Comparative Examples 3 to 6, the air permeability was low because the aperture ratio was less than 3.5%. It is considered that the stuffiness and stickiness cannot be sufficiently improved when such a seat surface skin material is used as the upholstery of the seat surface.
  • the sheet skin material of Example 1 having a through hole formed by the heat embossing method shown in FIG. 5 had a through hole in which frayed yarn was present and an unevenness on the inner wall of the through hole was small. Due to such a structure of the through holes, the ventilation efficiency A becomes a good one exceeding 10.0, and as a result, the skin material for the sheet of Example 1 has a high air permeability (a high air permeability while keeping the opening ratio relatively low). Breathability) is considered to have been achieved.
  • FIG. 6 is a graph showing the correlation between the air permeability and the aperture ratio of the sheet skin materials of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6.
  • the horizontal axis represents the aperture ratio and the vertical axis represents the air permeability.
  • the base material was perforated by a heat embossing method to form a through hole, and the number of through holes in which the frayed yarn was present and the inner wall of the through hole were formed. The state of unevenness was almost the same. Therefore, the correlation between the air permeability and the aperture ratio of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6 can be expressed as an approximate straight line of a linear function.
  • the coefficient (corresponding to the predicted value of the ventilation efficiency A) in the approximate straight line was 13.447.
  • the heat embossing method can be suitably used as a method for forming through holes in the skin material for a sheet containing a fiber material from the viewpoint of wear resistance and breathability.
  • the skin material for a sheet of the present invention can adopt various through-hole arrangement patterns as long as the strength and wear resistance are not impaired.
  • the sheet skin material tends to decrease the strength and the wear resistance as the aperture ratio increases, but the sheet skin material of the present invention is the result of the wear test and the air permeability measurement test. Therefore, it was possible to keep the opening ratio relatively low while achieving high air permeability.
  • the skin material for a seat of the present invention can be said to be useful in all mobility industries because it can have high breathability, strength, and wear resistance.
  • the skin material for a seat of the present invention can be suitably used as a seating surface or a backing material for a seat of an automobile, a railroad vehicle, an aircraft, etc. It can also be used as an upholstery.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
PCT/JP2021/027169 2020-10-14 2021-07-20 シート用表皮材 Ceased WO2022079969A1 (ja)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6335677Y2 (https=) * 1982-08-13 1988-09-21
JP2009066209A (ja) * 2007-09-13 2009-04-02 Toyota Boshoku Corp 車両用シートの表皮材及び車両用シート
JP2014046619A (ja) * 2012-08-31 2014-03-17 Toyota Motor Corp 車両用表皮材
JP2018144619A (ja) * 2017-03-03 2018-09-20 テイ・エス テック株式会社 乗物用シート

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH04327251A (ja) * 1991-04-26 1992-11-16 Ikeda Bussan Co Ltd 車両等の内装材の製造方法
JP2009012219A (ja) * 2007-07-02 2009-01-22 Sakaiya:Kk 合成樹脂成形品の製造方法
JP6018650B2 (ja) * 2015-01-15 2016-11-02 共和レザー株式会社 表皮材及び表皮材の製造方法
JP7311737B2 (ja) * 2018-10-25 2023-07-20 テイ・エス テック株式会社 車両用シート

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6335677Y2 (https=) * 1982-08-13 1988-09-21
JP2009066209A (ja) * 2007-09-13 2009-04-02 Toyota Boshoku Corp 車両用シートの表皮材及び車両用シート
JP2014046619A (ja) * 2012-08-31 2014-03-17 Toyota Motor Corp 車両用表皮材
JP2018144619A (ja) * 2017-03-03 2018-09-20 テイ・エス テック株式会社 乗物用シート

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