WO2022062892A1 - 投影屏幕 - Google Patents

投影屏幕 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022062892A1
WO2022062892A1 PCT/CN2021/116812 CN2021116812W WO2022062892A1 WO 2022062892 A1 WO2022062892 A1 WO 2022062892A1 CN 2021116812 W CN2021116812 W CN 2021116812W WO 2022062892 A1 WO2022062892 A1 WO 2022062892A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
screen
vibration
column
projection
component
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2021/116812
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈孟浩
赵鹏
张翠萍
贾坤
吴超
李屹
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Shenzhen Appotronics Corp Ltd
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Appotronics Corp Ltd
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Publication of WO2022062892A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022062892A1/zh
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/48—Laser speckle optics
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/54—Accessories
    • G03B21/56—Projection screens

Definitions

  • the present application belongs to the technical field of laser projection, and more particularly, to a projection screen.
  • laser projection display has become more and more popular with audiences due to its advantages of high brightness and large color gamut.
  • Objects of the present application include, for example, providing a projection screen to improve screen speckle and enhance the viewing experience for use.
  • a projection screen including a screen, a connecting column, a screen vibration component, a detection component and a drive motor.
  • the connecting columns are fixedly connected to both sides of the screen, and the screen vibration components are connected to the connecting columns.
  • the detection component is connected to the screen, the connection column or the screen vibration component, and is used for detecting the vibration amplitude of the screen, the connection column or the screen vibration component.
  • the drive motor is connected with the screen vibration assembly, and the detection assembly is electrically connected with the drive motor. When the vibration amplitude detected by the detection component is less than or equal to the preset amplitude, the drive motor drives the screen vibration component to drive the screen to vibrate in the preset direction.
  • the two sides of the screen are connected by connecting posts, and in the state where the connecting posts drive the screen to be suspended, the screen vibration component drives the screen to vibrate.
  • the detection component is connected to the screen, the connecting column or the screen vibration component, and is used for detecting the vibration amplitude of the components connected to it, and is electrically connected with the driving motor.
  • the drive motor drives the screen vibration component to drive the screen to vibrate in the preset direction.
  • the drive motor drives the screen vibration component to drive the screen to supply pulse vibration during the vibration process.
  • the screen vibration component drives the screen to supply pulse vibration during the vibration process.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the light intensity distribution of the smallest picture spot that can be distinguished by the human eye
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a projection screen provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of speckle
  • Fig. 5 is the driving schematic diagram of the driving motor
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the matching between the frequency-reduced speckle drive and the screen local oscillator.
  • Laser light source is a new light source technology, which is an electric light source in which excited particles emit light under the action of stimulated radiation. It is widely used because of its advantages of high light source brightness, long service life, strong directionality, and good color rendering.
  • Laser projection is a projector that uses a laser light source.
  • the light sources of projectors range from traditional light sources to LED light sources to laser light sources. Compared with the former, the laser light source has the advantages of brightness, luminous efficiency, light source service life and environmental protection.
  • the service life of the laser light source projector is generally about 20,000 hours, and the brightness of the light source of the projector decays slowly with the use time, and the maintenance period is long.
  • the laser is projected on the color gamut display of the projected picture, with high brightness and true colors.
  • the projection picture is richer and more realistic than traditional light source and LED light source projection.
  • the laser light source is a green non-toxic product, which is safer to use.
  • the laser has good monochromaticity and coherence (good monochromaticity and stable phase difference).
  • the image projected by the laser is scattered (transmitted or reflected) by the rough surface to form a real image. Since the undulating rough surface plays the role of randomly changing the phase, the wavefront phase distribution of the projected image changes. In other words, there is a tiny optical path difference when laser light hits a rough surface of a general object and bounces off the bumps into the eye. They interfere with each other, some are constructive, some are destructive, so as to form bright and dark distribution spots, that is, laser speckle phenomenon. The phenomenon of laser speckle can seriously affect the viewing experience of the audience.
  • the initial phase of the wavefront phase is 0, after the phase modulation of the rough surface microstructure, and then imaged by the human eye.
  • the phase distribution of the picture wavefront before entering the human eye is Its electric field vector is expressed as follows:
  • E f (u, v) the electric field vector distribution
  • ⁇ is the wavelength of monochromatic light
  • f is the equivalent focal length of the human eye
  • E f (u, v) is the laser electric field vector focused on the retinal plane. It can be seen that it is the sum of many vectors, which is not only related to the amplitude A of the electric field vector, but also related to the effect of the diffusion structure on the light spot. Phase modulation related. The human eye only responds to the electric field intensity I of light, but cannot sense the phase of the light wave, so the phase factor before the integral sign in formula (3) can be ignored, and the relationship between the electric field intensity I is obtained as:
  • the wavelength division method refers to the selection of several lasers with the same color but different wavelengths in the light source laser. Speckle contrast can be reduced because lasers of different wavelengths do not interfere. However, this method has strict requirements on the wavelength selection of the light source, which will greatly increase the product cost.
  • speckle contrast is defined as follows:
  • ⁇ is the brightness standard deviation of the speckle, is the average brightness of the speckle.
  • Reducing the temporal coherence means that the coherence time of the laser light source for projection is relatively short, and particle diffusion layers such as bulk diffusion can be used. Different lasers have different reflection times and thus different optical paths. When the optical path exceeds the coherence length, the interference effect of the laser disappears, which plays the role of dissipating the speckle.
  • this method uses materials such as volume diffusion, which limits the application scene. If the volume diffusion material is placed in the optical machine, the light efficiency of the projector will also be reduced.
  • the rotating average method refers to the use of rotating elements in the laser light path in the laser projector.
  • the shape of the speckle pattern is affected by the different distribution of the wavefront phase as the laser passes through different surfaces of the rotating element.
  • the rapid changes of different speckle patterns are superimposed within the human eye integration time, which can effectively reduce the speckle contrast.
  • the rotating elements are generally large in size and need to be driven by a motor, which leads to an increase in the size of the projector and is prone to noise.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a projection screen 100 .
  • the projection screen 100 uses the connecting column 120 to connect the screen 110.
  • the vibration of the screen 110 is driven by the screen vibration component 130 to change the amplitude A of the light wave electric field focused by the human eye, so that the human eye can integrate Under the effect, the image speckle cannot be distinguished, and the effect of dissipating the speckle can be achieved.
  • energy saving and noise reduction can be achieved while speckle dissipation of the screen 110 is achieved.
  • the projection screen 100 includes a screen 110 , a connecting column 120 , a screen vibration component 130 , a detection component and a driving motor 150 .
  • the connecting column 120 is fixedly connected to both sides of the screen 110 , the screen vibration component 130 is connected to the connecting column 120 , and the driving motor 150 is connected to the screen vibration component 130 to realize the vibration of the projection screen 100 .
  • the detection component is connected to the screen 110 , the connecting column 120 or the screen vibration component 130 , the detection component is used for detecting the vibration amplitude of the components connected thereto, and the detection component is electrically connected with the driving motor 150 .
  • the drive motor 150 drives the screen vibration component 130 to drive the screen 110 to vibrate in a preset direction (here the preset direction refers to a direction perpendicular to the screen).
  • the drive motor 150 drives the screen vibration component 130 to drive the screen 110 to supply pulse vibration during the vibration process.
  • the screen vibration component 130 (specifically, the first elastic member 134 ) is forced to vibrate. ) of the forced vibration may be canceled, thereby causing the reappearance of the speckle phenomenon in the projection image of the screen 110 . Therefore, the projection screen 100 provided by the embodiment of the present application is used to avoid the sudden static state of the screen 110 during the vibration process through the feedback loop of the detection component. In order to ensure that the screen 110 is always in a vibrating state, a continuous speckle dissipation effect can be achieved.
  • the projection screen 100 provided by the embodiment of the present application will be described in detail below.
  • the connecting column 120 is an elongated rod-shaped structure, and the number of the connecting column 120 is two.
  • the two connecting posts 120 are respectively connected to two sides of the screen 110 along the length direction.
  • the length dimension of the connecting column 120 is greater than or equal to the width dimension of the screen 110, so that the two ends of the connecting column 120 protrude from both sides of the width direction of the screen 110, or, the two ends of the connecting column 120 are opposite to the width direction of the screen 110. side flush.
  • the connecting posts 120 and the screen 110 are located in the same plane.
  • the screen vibration component 130 is connected with the connecting column 120 , so that the screen vibration component 130 drives the screen 110 to vibrate through the connecting column 120 .
  • the screen vibration assembly 130 includes a transmission column 132 and a first elastic member 134 .
  • the transmission column 132 is also an elongated rod-shaped structure, and the first elastic member 134 is connected between the connection column 120 and the transmission column 132 .
  • the power output end of the driving motor 150 is connected to the transmission column 132 in a driving connection. Under the driving of the driving motor 150, the transmission column 132 drives the first elastic member 134, the first elastic member 134 drives the connecting column 120, and the connecting column 120 drives the screen 110 along the first A direction 138 vibrates.
  • the projection screen 100 provided by the embodiment of the present application reuses the energy of the forced vibration damping of the first elastic member 134 to achieve the purpose of reducing energy consumption.
  • At least two groups of screen vibration components 130 there are at least two groups of screen vibration components 130 , and at least two groups of screen vibration components 130 correspond to the two connecting columns 120 , so as to drive the screen 110 to vibrate simultaneously from both sides of the screen 110 .
  • there are two groups of screen vibration assemblies 130 and the two groups of screen vibration assemblies 130 are connected to the two connecting posts 120 in a one-to-one correspondence.
  • first elastic members 134 in each group of screen vibration components 130 .
  • the parameters of the plurality of first elastic members 134 are the same, and the plurality of first elastic members 134 are arranged in parallel and at intervals.
  • Each of the first elastic members 134 is connected between the connecting column 120 and the transmission column 132 , and the vibration stability of the screen 110 can be greatly improved by the multiple first elastic members 134 being forced to damp vibration at the same time.
  • the screen vibration assembly 130 further includes a guide member 136 .
  • the guide member 136 is fixedly connected to the workbench, and the guide member 136 extends along the first direction 138 .
  • the workbench here refers to the ground, a workbench fixed on the ground, or a rack that is fixed relative to the ground.
  • the transmission column 132 is slidably connected with the guide member 136 , and the guide member 136 provides a guiding function for the movement of the transmission column 132 .
  • the guide member 136 is provided with a guide groove
  • the transmission column 132 includes a clamping portion matched with the guide groove. After assembly, the engaging portion of the transmission column 132 is clamped in the guide groove of the guide member 136 , and driven by the driving motor 150 , the transmission column 132 realizes a one-dimensional transmission movement along the first direction 138 .
  • the guide member 136 can also be a guide rail structure, for example, the longitudinal section is an I-shaped, and the clamping portion of the transmission column 132 can be clamped on the guide rail. Therefore, the transmission column 132 is moved along the extending direction of the guide member 136 .
  • the present application does not limit the specific structure of the connection position between the guide member 136 and the transmission column 132 , as long as the transmission column 132 can be slidably fitted along the extending direction of the guide member 136 .
  • the screen vibration component 130 drives the screen 110 to vibrate in a preset direction through the connecting column 120, and utilizes the vibration damping characteristic of the first elastic member 134, While ensuring the reduction of speckle, the down-frequency vibration effect of the screen 110 is achieved.
  • the projection screen 100 provided in this embodiment of the present application further includes a suspension member 140 .
  • the suspension member 140 is connected with the connecting column 120 and can make the connecting column 120 in a suspended state.
  • one end of the suspension member 140 is fixedly connected to the connecting column 120 , and the other end of the suspension member 140 is fixedly connected to a wall or a frame relatively fixed to the ground.
  • the suspension member 140 is made of a material with no elastic deformation or small elastic deformation, and the specific connection position is determined according to the actual situation of the surrounding environment, as long as the suspension member 140 can ensure that the connection column 120 is suspended in the air.
  • the suspending member 140 is a steel wire, and the steel wire is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting column 120 , so that the connecting column 120 is suspended in the air to achieve suspension.
  • the screen 110 is driven by the screen vibration component 130 to vibrate in a small amplitude along a preset direction, thereby achieving the effect of rapid change of the speckle pattern.
  • the method of vibrating the screen 110 is to use multiple motors to vibrate at a frequency of about 60 Hz.
  • the screen 110 may be in a fluffy state, resulting in poor stability of the rapid change of the speckle pattern of the screen 110, thereby affecting the projection effect.
  • the projection screen 100 provided by the present application further includes a screen tensioning assembly 160 .
  • the screen tensioning assembly 160 includes a support column and a second elastic member 164 .
  • the support column is fixedly connected to the workbench (the workbench can be the ground, a workbench that can be fixed relative to the ground, or a rack that is fixed relative to the ground, etc.), and the second elastic member 164 is connected to the connecting column 120 and the support column.
  • the vibration of the connection column 120 and the screen 110 in the second direction 166 is limited by the support column and the second elastic member 164 .
  • the number of screen tensioning assemblies 160 is at least two groups, and the at least two groups of screen tensioning assemblies 160 are correspondingly connected to the connecting posts 120 .
  • a tensile force is applied to the screen 110 through the screen tensioning component 160, so that the screen 110 can always be in a tensioned state.
  • a driving force is applied to the screen 110 along the first direction 138 through the screen vibration component 130
  • a tensile force is applied to the screen 110 along the second direction 166 through the screen tension component 160 .
  • the vibration of the screen 110 in a preset direction is realized under the combined action of the driving force and the pulling force, and the screen 110 is always in a tensioned and flat state.
  • the phenomenon of the screen 110 being fluffy is eliminated, and the stability of the rapid change of the speckle pattern of the screen 110 is improved.
  • the screen 110 can reuse the vibration capability of the first elastic member 134, which is beneficial to reduce energy consumption.
  • the first direction 138 is the same as the preset direction, and the second direction 166 is perpendicular to the first direction 138 . Therefore, the driving force exerted by the screen vibration assembly 130 and the pulling force exerted by the screen tension assembly 160 can be reduced, so that the screen 110 can reach a preset motion state, and the output power of the driving motor 150 can be reduced.
  • both the first elastic member 134 and the second elastic member 164 are springs, and the rigidity coefficient of the second elastic member 164 is greater than the rigidity coefficient of the first elastic member 134 . Therefore, it is ensured that while the first elastic member 134 drives the screen 110 to move in a preset direction, the second elastic member 164 can better tension the screen 110, reduce the possibility of the screen 110 being fluffy, and help improve the vibration of the screen 110. stability.
  • the potential beat frequency effect is eliminated, so as to ensure the long-term and effective operation of the low-frequency vibration screen 110 speckle dissipation scheme.
  • the detection component is fixedly connected to the screen 110 , the connecting column 120 or the first elastic member 134 .
  • the vibration amplitude of the screen 110 , the connecting post 120 or the first elastic member 134 connected thereto is detected by the detection component, and when the detected vibration amplitude is less than or equal to the preset amplitude of the screen 110 , a signal is sent to the driving motor 150 , and the driving motor 150
  • the driving transmission column 132 moves along the first direction 138, so that the screen vibration assembly 130 drives the screen 110 to vibrate in a predetermined direction.
  • the detection component is a displacement sensor, for example, an infrared detector, a radar, an ultrasonic sensor, and the like.
  • the displacement sensor is fixedly arranged on the screen 110 or the connecting column 120, and detects the vibration of the screen 110 through the detection component.
  • the displacement sensor is electrically connected to the driving motor 150, and the driving motor 150 is operated by the detection result of the displacement sensor.
  • the detection component can detect the displacement signal as shown in FIG. 3 , and the driving motor 150 can be moved synchronously by the displacement signal. That is, the drive motor 150 is activated at the same signal position each time, and the drive motor 150 drives the screen 110 to vibrate through the screen vibration component 130, so that the real-time vibration amplitude of the screen 110 or the connecting column 120 connected to the detection component can be accurately detected.
  • the driving frequency of the driving motor 150 is the same as the local oscillation frequency of the screen 110 .
  • the detection components are used to ensure that the vibration of the screen 110 (ie the displacement of the screen 110 relative to the equilibrium position, the vibration speed of the screen 110 and other parameters) is exactly the same every time the driving motor 150 moves.
  • the driving motor 150 has good consistency every time the screen 110 is driven, and the beat frequency effect will not occur due to the mismatch between the driving frequency of the driving motor 150 and the local oscillation frequency of the screen 110 .
  • the vibrations of the drive motor 150 are inconsistent each time the screen 110 is driven, and the drive fails at certain times, resulting in reduced vibration of the screen 110 or even the screen 110 being stationary. In this case, the viewer will observe relatively severe speckle at these moments.
  • the driving efficiency of the driving motor 150 is maximized.
  • Good vibration of the screen 110 can be achieved by using the minimum energy to achieve optimal driving efficiency, further frequency reduction, noise reduction, and energy saving.
  • the vibration of the screen 110 itself can be approximately regarded as a damped vibration.
  • the amplitude of the vibration of the screen 110 gradually decreases with time, so that the vibration displacement corresponding to each vibration gradually decreases.
  • the vibration of the screen 110 needs to have a certain vibration amplitude. For example, as shown in Figure 4, vibrations below the dashed line cannot achieve a good speckle removal effect, while vibrations above the dashed line have a good speckle removal effect.
  • the displacement amount when the screen 110 vibrates can be judged by the detection component, and then the position at which the driving motor 150 is actuated can be obtained.
  • the first 5 vibration cycles of the screen 110 can satisfy the requirement of speckle dissipation. Therefore, after the screen 110 vibrates for 5 cycles, the detection component sends a signal to the driving motor 150 , and the driving motor 150 operates to realize the synchronous vibration of the screen 110 .
  • the detection component sends a synchronization signal to the drive motor 150 at intervals. After the drive motor 150 receives the signal, the drive motor 150 is turned on for a short period of time to drive the screen vibration component 130 to drive the screen 110 to vibrate.
  • the driving voltage of the driving motor 150 in FIG. 5 corresponds to the frequency spectrum signal indicated by the arrow in FIG. 6 . Since the motion of the driving motor 150 is periodic, its frequency spectrum is a discrete signal, and there are components only at the positions of its fundamental frequency and multiplied frequency. The signal strength of the fundamental frequency and the multiplied frequency is determined by the driving signal in each cycle. determined by the shape.
  • f 0 is the local oscillation frequency of the screen 110 . Since the projection screen 100 provided by the embodiment of the present application realizes signal synchronization through the detection component, the local oscillation frequency of the screen 110 strictly speaking is the driving force of the driving motor 150 Multiplier of the signal.
  • the driving fundamental frequency of the driving motor 150 is 1/5 of the local frequency of the screen. Therefore, the 5-fold frequency component of the driving signal of the driving motor 150 falls exactly on the local oscillation frequency of the vibration of the screen 110, and has the highest driving efficiency.
  • the projection screen 100 drives the screen 110 to vibrate in a preset direction through the screen vibration component 130 and the connecting column 120, thereby realizing the effect of continuously dissipating speckles; Frequency reduction vibration, energy saving and noise reduction; real-time detection of the displacement signal of the screen 110 or the screen vibration component 130 through the detection component, and the use of the displacement signal to control the motor synchronously.
  • the screen tensioning component 160 improves the vibration stability of the screen 110, and reduces the probability of the screen 110 being fluffy during the screen vibration process.
  • the projection screen 100 provided by the embodiment of the present application optimizes the speckle dissipation capability of the existing screens (including movie screens and projection soft screens), improves the stability of the vibration speckle dissipation performance of the screen 110, and ensures that the frequency reduction vibration dissipation speckle is effective. Continuous implementation, and further optimize its energy-saving noise reduction effect.

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Projection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

一种投影屏幕（100），包括屏幕（110）、连接柱（120）、屏幕振动组件（130）、检测组件及驱动马达（150）。连接柱（120）固定连接于屏幕（110）的两侧，屏幕振动组件（130）连接于连接柱（120）。检测组件连接于屏幕（110）、连接柱（120）或者屏幕振动组件（130），用于检测与其相连部件的振动振幅。驱动马达（150）与屏幕振动组件（130）连接，检测组件与驱动马达（150）电连接。当检测组件检测到的振动振幅小于或者等于预设振幅时，驱动马达（150）驱动屏幕振动组件（130）带动屏幕（110）沿预设方向振动。投影屏幕（100）利用屏幕振动组件（130）带动屏幕（110）振动，通过检测组件的反馈回路，使得驱动马达（150）驱动屏幕振动组件（130）带动屏幕（110）始终处于振动状态，避免屏幕（110）在振动过程中突发静止状态，确保屏幕（110）实现连续化的消散斑效果。

Description

投影屏幕 技术领域
本申请属于激光投影技术领域，更具体地，涉及一种投影屏幕。
背景技术
随着科技的发展，激光投影显示凭借其高亮度、大色域等优势，越来越受观众欢迎。
然而，由于激光投影是相干光源，会产生散斑现象。从而影响观众的观看体验。
实用新型内容
本申请的目的包括，例如，提供了一种投影屏幕，以改善屏幕散斑现象，提升用于的观看体验。
本申请的实施例可以这样实现：
第一方面，提供一种投影屏幕，包括屏幕、连接柱、屏幕振动组件、检测组件及驱动马达。连接柱固定连接于屏幕的两侧，屏幕振动组件连接于连接柱。检测组件连接于屏幕、连接柱或者屏幕振动组件，用于检测屏幕、连接柱或者屏幕振动组件的振动振幅。驱动马达与屏幕振动组件连接，检测组件与驱动马达电连接。当检测组件检测到的振动振幅小于或者等于预设振幅时，驱动马达驱动屏幕振动组件带动屏幕沿预设方向振动。
本申请实施例通过连接柱连接屏幕的两侧，在连接柱带动屏幕悬空的状态下，通过屏幕振动组件带动屏幕振动的特性。改变人眼聚焦的光波电场的振幅，使人眼在积分效应下无法分辨画面散斑，达到消散斑的效果。
通过检测组件连接于屏幕、连接柱或者屏幕振动组件，且用于检测与其连接的部件的振动振幅，并与驱动马达电连接。当检测组件检测到的振动振幅小于或者等于预设振幅时，驱动马达驱动屏幕振动组件带动屏幕沿 预设方向振动。
通过检测组件的反馈回路，使得驱动马达驱动屏幕振动组件带动屏幕在振动的过程中补给脉冲振动。从而避免屏幕在振动过程中突发的静止状态。以确保屏幕始终处于振动状态，实现连续化的消散斑效果。另外，在实现屏幕消散斑的同时节能降噪。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，应当理解，以下附图仅示出了本申请的某些实施例，因此不应被看作是对范围的限定，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。
图1为人眼可分辨的最小画面光斑光强分布示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的投影屏幕的结构示意图；
图3为散斑示意图；
图4为降频消散斑的同步驱动时间示意图；
图5为驱动马达的驱动示意图；
图6为降频消散斑驱动与屏幕本振的匹配示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。通常在此处附图中描述和示出的本申请实施例的组件可以以各种不同的配置来布置和设计。
需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请的实施例中的特征可以相互结合。
激光光源是一种新光源技术，是一种激发态粒子在受激辐射作用下发光的电光源。因其光源亮度高、使用寿命长、方向性强、色彩呈现好等优势受到广泛的应用。
激光投影是采用激光光源的投影机。投影机的光源从传统光源到LED光源再到激光光源。激光光源相对于前者具有亮度、发光效率、光源使用寿命及环保的优势。
其中，激光光源投影机的使用寿命一般在两万小时左右，且投影机的光源亮度随使用时间衰减较慢，维护周期长。激光投影在投影画面的色域显示上，亮度高，色彩真实。投影画面比传统光源和LED光源投影丰富、真实。且激光光源为绿色无毒产品，使用更加安全。
目前，激光产品已经广泛应用在前投投影机、大型影院投影设备等，随着科技的发展，逐渐成为目前DLP拼接产品的主流产品。
然而，由于激光具有良好的单色性和相干性(单色性好、相位差稳定)。激光投影的画面经过粗糙表面散射(透射或者反射)形成实像，由于起伏不定的粗糙表面起到了随机改变相位的作用，于是投影画面的波前相位分布发生了变化。换句话说，当激光照射到一般物体的粗糙表面上、从凹凸不平的地方反射到眼睛里时，会有一个微小的光程差。它们相互干涉，有的相长，有的相消，从而形成明暗分布的斑点，即激光散斑现象。激光散斑现象会严重影响观众的观看体验。
请参照图1所示，在一定距离下，人眼可分辨的最小画面光斑，其波前相位最初相位都为0，经过粗糙表面微结构相位调制，之后通过人眼成像。该画面波前在进入人眼之前的相位分布为
Figure PCTCN2021116812-appb-000001
其电场矢量表达如下:
Figure PCTCN2021116812-appb-000002
其中A为电场矢量的振幅，假设表面微结构只改变相位，而无透射率调制，振幅保持不变。经过眼睛的相位调制，该最小可分辨光斑的电场矢量E′ 0(x,y)聚焦到视网膜上，E′ 0(x,y)如下式所示:
Figure PCTCN2021116812-appb-000003
其中
Figure PCTCN2021116812-appb-000004
为眼睛对光波前的相位调制。
在视网膜平面上(u，v平面)，根据标量衍射理论，电场矢量分布为E f(u,v)，定义为下式:
Figure PCTCN2021116812-appb-000005
Figure PCTCN2021116812-appb-000006
其中λ为单色光波长，f为人眼等效焦距。
公式(3)中E f(u,v)即为聚焦在视网膜平面上的激光电场矢量，可以看到它是众多矢量的和，不仅和电场矢量的振幅A有关，还和扩散结构对光斑的相位调制
Figure PCTCN2021116812-appb-000007
相关。人眼只对光的电场强度I有相应，而无法感应光波相位，所以公式(3)中积分号前的相位因子可以被忽略，从而得到电场强度I的关系式为:
Figure PCTCN2021116812-appb-000008
从公式(4)可以看出，最终人眼对该最小可分辨光斑的光强或亮度响应，不仅依赖于光波电场的振幅A，还依赖于表面微结构对其波前的相位调制
Figure PCTCN2021116812-appb-000009
由于投影画面不同区域的散射微结构不同，相位调制程度不同，所以在视网膜上形成的光强分布I f(u,v)会有随机涨落，这就是散斑的形成原因。
根据科学家瑞利的研究，光强I f(u,v)的大小服从高斯分布。
目前，消散斑或者降低散斑对比度的方法有很多，例如，分波长、降低时间相干性、转动平均等方法。
分波长法是指光源激光中，选用颜色相同但波长有差异的若干激光器。由于不同波长的激光不会发生干涉现象，所以可以降低散斑对比度。但是此种方法对光源的波长选择要求比较苛刻，会大大提高产品成本。
具体的，散斑对比度定义如下：
Figure PCTCN2021116812-appb-000010
其中，σ是散斑的亮度标准差，
Figure PCTCN2021116812-appb-000011
是散斑的亮度平均值。
降低时间相干性，是指投影用激光光源的相干时间都比较短，可以使用体扩散等粒子扩散层，不同激光的反射次数不同，光程因而不同。当光程超过相干长度时，激光的干涉效应消失，起到了消散斑的作用。但是此种方法使用体扩散等材料，限制了应用场景，如果把体扩散材料放置在光机中，也会降低投影机的光效。
转动平均法，指激光投影机中，在激光光路中使用转动元件。由于激光通过转动元件的不同表面时，波前相位会有不同的分布，所以会影响散 斑图案的形状。而不同散斑图案的快速变化，在人眼积分时间内叠加，可以有效降低散斑对比度。但是，转动元件普遍体积较大，并且需要电机驱动，导致投影机体积增大，容易产生噪音。
基于上述问题，请参照图2，本申请实施例提供了一种投影屏幕100。
该投影屏幕100使用连接柱120连接屏幕110，在连接柱120悬空的状态下，通过屏幕振动组件130带动屏幕110振动的特性，改变人眼里聚焦的光波电场的振幅A，使人眼在积分效应下无法分辨画面散斑，达到消散斑的效果。另外，在实现屏幕110消散斑的同时节能降噪。
具体的，投影屏幕100包括屏幕110、连接柱120、屏幕振动组件130、检测组件以及驱动马达150。
连接柱120固定连接于屏幕110的两侧，屏幕振动组件130连接于连接柱120，驱动马达150与屏幕振动组件130连接，以实现投影屏幕100的振动。检测组件连接于屏幕110、连接柱120或者屏幕振动组件130，检测组件用于检测与其连接的部件的振动振幅，且检测组件与驱动马达150电连接。当检测组件检测到的振动振幅小于或者等于预设振幅时，驱动马达150驱动屏幕振动组件130带动屏幕110沿预设方向(这里的预设方向是指垂直于屏幕的方向)振动。
驱动马达150驱动屏幕振动组件130带动屏幕110在振动的过程中补给脉冲振动。当驱动马达150施加在屏幕振动组件130上的受力方向，与屏幕振动组件130(具体指第一弹性件134)受迫振动的方向相反时，屏幕振动组件130(具体指第一弹性件134)的受迫振动会有被抵消的可能性，进而导致屏幕110的投影画面散斑现象复现。故，本申请实施例提供的投影屏幕100通过检测组件的反馈回路，用于避免屏幕110在振动过程中突发的静止状态。以确保屏幕110始终处于振动状态，实现连续化的消散斑效果。
下面对本申请实施例提供的投影屏幕100进行详细介绍。
可选的，连接柱120为细长杆状结构，连接柱120的数量为两根。两根连接柱120分别连接于屏幕110沿长度方向的两侧。且连接柱120的长度尺寸大于或者等于屏幕110的宽度尺寸，以使得连接柱120的两端凸出 于屏幕110宽度方向的两侧，或者，连接柱120的两端与屏幕110宽度方向的两侧平齐。当屏幕110在平展状态下，连接柱120和屏幕110位于同一个平面内。
屏幕振动组件130与连接柱120连接，从而实现屏幕振动组件130通过连接柱120带动屏幕110实现振动的目的。
具体的，屏幕振动组件130包括传动柱132和第一弹性件134。
传动柱132也为细长杆状结构，第一弹性件134连接于连接柱120和传动柱132之间。驱动马达150的动力输出端与传动柱132传动连接，在驱动马达150的驱动下，传动柱132带动第一弹性件134、第一弹性件134带动连接柱120、连接柱120带动屏幕110沿第一方向138振动。
本申请实施例提供的投影屏幕100复用了第一弹性件134受迫阻尼振动的能量，以实现降低能耗的目的。
可选的，屏幕振动组件130为至少两组，至少两组屏幕振动组件130与两个连接柱120相对应，从而实现从屏幕110的两侧同时驱动屏幕110振动。可选的，屏幕振动组件130为两组，两组屏幕振动组件130与两个连接柱120一一对应地连接。
为了提高连接柱120带动屏幕110沿第一方向138振动的稳定性。可选的，每组屏幕振动组件130中的第一弹性件134为多个。多个第一弹性件134的参数相同，且多个第一弹性件134依次间隔平行设置。每个第一弹性件134均连接于连接柱120和传动柱132之间，通过多个第一弹性件134同时受迫阻尼振动，可以大大提高屏幕110振动的稳定性。
进一步地，为了使得屏幕振动组件130通过连接柱120带动屏幕110稳定地沿第一方向138振动，而不会出现跑偏的现象。
可选的，屏幕振动组件130还包括导向件136。
导向件136固定连接于工作台，且导向件136沿第一方向138延伸。可以理解的是，这里的工作台是指地面、固定在地面上的工作台、或者相对于地面固定不动的机架等。传动柱132与导向件136滑动连接，通过导向件136为传动柱132的运动提供导向作用。
具体的，导向件136开设有导槽，传动柱132包括与导槽相配合的卡 接部。装配后，传动柱132的卡接部卡设于导向件136的导槽内，在驱动马达150的驱动下，传动柱132沿第一方向138实现一维传动运动。
可以理解的是，导向件136还可以为导轨结构，例如纵截面为工字型，传动柱132的卡接部可以卡设于导轨上。从而使得传动柱132沿导向件136的延伸方向运动。本申请对导向件136和传动柱132之间的连接位置的具体结构不做限定，只要满足传动柱132能够沿导向件136的延伸方向滑动配合即可。
本申请实施例提供的投影屏幕100，是连接柱120处于悬空状态的前提下，屏幕振动组件130通过连接柱120带动屏幕110沿预设方向振动，利用第一弹性件134的阻尼振动的特性，在保证减小散斑的同时，实现屏幕110的降频振动效果。
进一步的，本申请实施例提供的投影屏幕100还包括悬挂件140。
悬挂件140与连接柱120连接，且能够使连接柱120处于悬空状态。
具体的，悬挂件140的一端和连接柱120固定连接，悬挂件140的另一端固定连接在墙体上、或者与地面相对固定的机架上。悬挂件140为无弹性形变或者弹性形变很小的材质，具体的连接位置根据周围环境的实际情况而定，只要保证通过悬挂件140将连接柱120悬空即可。
可选的，悬挂件140为钢丝，钢丝固定连接于连接柱120的顶部，从而将连接柱120悬吊在空中，实现悬空。
通过屏幕振动组件130带动屏幕110实现沿预设方向小幅度振动，进而达到散斑图案快速变化的效果。目前，振动屏幕110的方法是采用多个电机以60Hz左右的频率进行振动。然而，在振动过程中会出现屏幕110蓬松的状态，导致屏幕110散斑图案快速变化的稳定性较差，进而影响投影效果。
进一步地，本申请提供的投影屏幕100还包括屏幕张紧组件160。
具体的，屏幕张紧组件160包括支撑柱和第二弹性件164。其中，支撑柱固定连接于工作台(工作台可以为地面、能够相对于地面固定不动的工作台、或者相对于地面固定不动的机架等)，第二弹性件164连接于连接柱 120和支撑柱之间。通过支撑柱和第二弹性件164来限制连接柱120和屏幕110在第二方向166上的振动。
其中，第二方向166与第一方向138之间具有夹角。
可选的，屏幕张紧组件160的数量为至少两组，至少两组屏幕张紧组件160对应地连接于连接柱120。通过屏幕张紧组件160向屏幕110施加拉力，从而使得屏幕110能够始终处于张紧状态。
本申请实施例提供的投影屏幕100，通过屏幕振动组件130沿第一方向138向屏幕110施加驱动力，通过屏幕张紧组件160沿第二方向166向屏幕110施加拉力。在驱动力和拉力的共同作用下实现屏幕110沿预设方向的振动，且屏幕110始终处于张紧、平展的状态。从而消除屏幕110蓬松的现象，提高屏幕110散斑图案快速变化的稳定性。且屏幕110可以通过复用第一弹性件134的振动能力，有利于降低能耗。
可选的，第一方向138与预设方向相同，第二方向166与第一方向138垂直。从而可以减小屏幕振动组件130施加的驱动力屏幕张紧组件160施加的拉力，使得屏幕110可以达到预设的运动状态，又可以减小驱动马达150的输出动力。
进一步地，第一弹性件134和第二弹性件164均为弹簧，第二弹性件164的刚性系数大于第一弹性件134的刚性系数。从而保证第一弹性件134带动屏幕110沿预设方向运动的同时，第二弹性件164可以较好的张紧屏幕110，减小屏幕110出现蓬松状态的可能性，有利于提高屏幕110振动的稳定性。
为了进一步的提高低频振动屏幕110消散斑时的效率，并通过同步控制，来消除潜在的拍频效应，确保低频振动屏幕110消散斑方案长期有效的工作。
具体的，检测组件固定连接于屏幕110、连接柱120或者第一弹性件134。通过检测组件检测与其连接的屏幕110、连接柱120或者第一弹性件134的振动振幅，当检测到的振动振幅小于或者等于屏幕110的预设振幅时，发送信号给驱动马达150，驱动马达150驱动传动柱132沿第一方向138运 动，以使屏幕振动组件130带动屏幕110沿预设方向振动。
可选的，检测组件为位移传感器，例如，红外检测仪、雷达、超声波传感器等。位移传感器固定设置于屏幕110或者连接柱120上，通过检测组件检测屏幕110的振动情况。且位移传感器与驱动马达150电连接，通过位移传感器的检测结果，以使驱动马达150动作。
由于屏幕110的振动近似为一个阻尼震荡。因此，检测组件可以检测到形如图3所示的位移信号，通过该位移信号使得驱动马达150同步运动。即每次在相同的信号位置上启动驱动马达150，驱动马达150通过屏幕振动组件130带动屏幕110振动，可以准确的检测出与检测组件连接的屏幕110或者连接柱120的实时振动振幅。
进一步地，驱动马达150的驱动频率与屏幕110的本振频率相同。
通过检测组件来确保驱动马达150每次动作时，屏幕110的振动情况(即屏幕110相对于平衡位置的位移量、屏幕110的振动速度等参数)完全一致。使得驱动马达150每次驱动屏幕110都具有良好的一致性，不会由于驱动马达150的驱动频率和屏幕110本振频率失配，而导致发生拍频效应。
如果存在拍频效应时，驱动马达150每次驱动屏幕110时的振动情况都不一致，则会在某些时刻出现驱动失败，进而导致屏幕110振动降低、甚至出现屏幕110静止的情况。在这种情况下，观众会在这些时刻观察到比较严重的散斑现象。
另外，通过将驱动马达150的驱动频率与屏幕110的本振频率设置为一致，使得驱动马达150的驱动效率最高。以使用最小的能量实现屏幕110的良好振动，实现最优化驱动效率，进一步降频、降噪、节能。
请参照图4所示，屏幕110自身的振动可近似看成是个阻尼震荡。屏幕110振动的振幅随着时间逐渐下降，导致每次振动所对应的振动位移量都在逐渐递减。为了保证良好的消除散斑的效果，屏幕110的振动需要具有一定的振动幅度。例如：如图4所示，低于虚线的振动不能起到良好的消散斑效果，而在虚线之上的振动则具有良好的散斑消除效果。
因此，可以通过检测组件判断屏幕110振动时的位移量，然后获得在何位置进行驱动马达150动作。
例如：图4所示的实施例中，屏幕110前5个振动周期可以满足消散斑需要。因此，可以当屏幕110振动了5个周期之后，检测组件发送信号给驱动马达150，驱动马达150动作实现屏幕110的同步振动。
请参照图5和图6所示，检测组件间隔一段时间会向驱动马达150发送一个同步信号，驱动马达150接收到信号后短暂的开启一段时间，以驱动屏幕振动组件130带动屏幕110振动。
图5的驱动马达150的驱动电压对应了图6中箭头指示的频谱信号。由于驱动马达150的运动是周期化的，因此其频谱是一个离散化的信号，只在其基础频率和倍频的位置存在分量，基频和倍频的信号强度由每个周期内的驱动信号形状所决定。
图6中，f 0是屏幕110的本振频率，本申请实施例提供的投影屏幕100由于通过检测组件实现了信号同步，因此，屏幕110的本振频率严格来说，就是驱动马达150的驱动信号的倍频。
在图4所示的实施例中，驱动马达150的驱动基频是屏幕本振频率的1/5。因此，驱动马达150的驱动信号的5倍频分量恰好落在屏幕110振动的本振频率上，且具有最高的驱动效率。
本申请实施例提供的投影屏幕100，通过屏幕振动组件130、连接柱120带动屏幕110沿预设方向振动，从而实现连续化消散斑的效果；通过第一弹性件134的阻尼振动的特性，实现降频振动、节能降噪；通过检测组件实时检测屏幕110或者屏幕振动组件130的位移信号，使用该位移信号来同步控制电机。确保驱动马达150的驱动信号的倍频落在第一弹性件134的本振频率上，最大化驱动效率，且确保不会出现拍频现象(即屏幕时刻振动，不会某些时刻出现突发的静止的情况)，最终保证屏幕连续化的降频消散斑。另外，通过屏幕张紧组件160提高屏幕110振动的稳定性，减小屏幕振动过程中发生屏幕110蓬松的概率。
综上，本申请实施例提供的投影屏幕100，优化了现有屏幕(包括电影屏幕和投影软幕)的消散斑能力，提升屏幕110振动消散斑性能的稳定性， 保证降频振动消散斑的连续化实施，并进一步优化了其节能降噪效果。
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不驱使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种投影屏幕，其特征在于，包括：
    屏幕；
    连接柱，所述连接柱固定连接于所述屏幕的两侧；
    屏幕振动组件，所述屏幕振动组件连接于所述连接柱；
    检测组件，所述检测组件连接于所述屏幕、所述连接柱或者所述屏幕振动组件，用于检测所述屏幕、所述连接柱或者所述屏幕振动组件的振动振幅；以及
    驱动马达，所述驱动马达与所述屏幕振动组件连接，所述检测组件与所述驱动马达电连接，当所述检测组件检测到的振动振幅小于或者等于预设振幅时，所述驱动马达驱动所述屏幕振动组件带动所述屏幕沿预设方向振动。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的投影屏幕，其特征在于，所述屏幕振动组件包括：
    传动柱，所述传动柱与所述驱动马达的动力输出端连接；以及
    第一弹性件，所述第一弹性件连接于所述连接柱和所述传动柱之间，且在所述驱动马达的作用下带动所述屏幕沿第一方向振动。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的投影屏幕，其特征在于，所述屏幕振动组件还包括导向件，所述导向件固定连接于工作台，且沿所述第一方向延伸，所述传动柱与所述导向件滑动连接。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的投影屏幕，其特征在于，所述导向件开设有导槽，所述传动柱包括与所述导槽相配合的卡接部，所述卡接部卡设于所述导槽内。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的投影屏幕，其特征在于，还包括屏幕张紧组件，所述屏幕张紧组件包括：
    支撑柱，所述支撑柱固定连接于工作台；以及
    第二弹性件，所述第二弹性件连接于所述连接柱和所述支撑柱之间，且用于限制所述连接柱在与所述第一方向具有夹角的第二方向上的振动。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的投影屏幕，其特征在于，所述第一方向与所述预设方向相同，所述第二方向与所述第一方向垂直。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的投影屏幕，其特征在于，所述第二弹性件的刚性系数大于所述第一弹性件的刚性系数。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的投影屏幕，其特征在于，还包括悬挂件，所述悬挂件与所述连接柱连接，且能够使所述连接柱处于悬空状态。
  9. 根据权利要求2所述的投影屏幕，其特征在于，所述检测组件固定连接于所述屏幕、所述连接柱或者所述第一弹性件。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的投影屏幕，其特征在于，所述检测组件为位移传感器；
    当所述位移传感器检测到所述屏幕的振动振幅等于预设振幅时，发送信号给所述驱动马达，所述驱动马达驱动所述屏幕振动组件带动所述屏幕沿所述预设方向振动，所述驱动马达的驱动频率与所述屏幕的本振频率相同。
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CN113674662B (zh) * 2021-07-23 2023-07-18 华为技术有限公司 一种显示系统及其控制方法、投影机、投影系统
CN114675430A (zh) * 2022-04-11 2022-06-28 深圳市时代华影科技股份有限公司 银幕振动系统及其控制方法

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