WO2022052869A1 - 一种输电线路监测系统及监测方法 - Google Patents

一种输电线路监测系统及监测方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022052869A1
WO2022052869A1 PCT/CN2021/116400 CN2021116400W WO2022052869A1 WO 2022052869 A1 WO2022052869 A1 WO 2022052869A1 CN 2021116400 W CN2021116400 W CN 2021116400W WO 2022052869 A1 WO2022052869 A1 WO 2022052869A1
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WIPO (PCT)
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node
edge
data
communication
nodes
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
何金良
胡军
欧阳勇
刘毅
王善祥
曾嵘
余占清
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Tsinghua University
Sichuan Energy Internet Research Institute EIRI Tsinghua University
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Tsinghua University
Sichuan Energy Internet Research Institute EIRI Tsinghua University
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Publication of WO2022052869A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022052869A1/zh
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Priority to US18/308,109 priority Critical patent/US12287361B2/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
    • G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
    • G01R31/085—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors in power transmission or distribution lines, e.g. overhead
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B3/00—Line transmission systems
    • H04B3/54—Systems for transmission via power distribution lines
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
    • G08C17/00—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link
    • G08C17/02—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link using a radio link
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/12—Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q2209/00—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems
    • H04Q2209/40—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems using a wireless architecture
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q2209/00—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems
    • H04Q2209/40—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems using a wireless architecture
    • H04Q2209/43—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems using a wireless architecture using wireless personal area networks [WPAN], e.g. 802.15, 802.15.1, 802.15.4, Bluetooth® or Zigbee®
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q2209/00—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems
    • H04Q2209/80—Arrangements in the sub-station, i.e. sensing device
    • H04Q2209/88—Providing power supply at the sub-station
    • H04Q2209/883—Providing power supply at the sub-station where the sensing device enters an active or inactive mode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q9/00—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems for selectively calling a substation from a main station, in which substation desired apparatus is selected for applying a control signal thereto or for obtaining measured values therefrom
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/30—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
    • H04W4/38—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for collecting sensor information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. Transmission Power Control [TPC] or power classes
    • H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
    • H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of power transmission line management, and in particular, to a power transmission line monitoring system and monitoring method.
  • remote monitoring technology has been gradually applied to transmission line monitoring. Specifically, the field status data of the transmission line is collected by various data collection devices, and then the data is sent to the server to realize remote monitoring.
  • the monitoring data cannot be transmitted or the transmission data is wrong, so the monitoring effect is not ideal at present.
  • the system includes: a functional node, an edge node and a collection node; the functional node is used to collect at least one monitoring data related to the transmission line and transmit it to the edge node; at least two edges on the transmission line
  • the nodes have communication connections to form an edge node chain communication network; wherein the edge nodes are used to receive monitoring data collected by at least one functional node, and sequentially pass all the at least two edge nodes in the edge node chain communication network.
  • the monitoring data is transmitted to the sink node; the sink node is configured to receive data from at least one edge node and send it to the main station server.
  • One of the embodiments of the present application provides a transmission line monitoring method, the method includes: collecting at least one monitoring data related to the transmission line through a functional node and transmitting it to an edge node; receiving at least one functional node through the edge node collected monitoring data, and sequentially transmit the monitoring data to the collection node through at least two edge nodes in the edge node chain communication network; the edge node chain communication network includes at least two communication connections on the transmission line the edge node; receive data from at least one edge node through the sink node, and send it to the main station server.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of a transmission line monitoring system according to some embodiments of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is an exemplary flowchart of a transmission line monitoring method according to some embodiments of the present application
  • 3 and 4 are schematic diagrams of a chained communication network of edge nodes according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 are schematic diagrams of a chained communication network of edge nodes according to other embodiments of the present application.
  • system means for distinguishing different components, elements, parts, parts or assemblies at different levels.
  • device means for converting signals into signals.
  • unit means for converting signals into signals.
  • module means for converting signals into signals.
  • the monitoring data related to the transmission line can be sent to the main station server based on a cellular network (Cellular network), so as to realize remote monitoring.
  • a cellular network Cellular network
  • the cellular network cannot fully cover, and the network signal is sometimes absent, it often leads to problems such as failure to transmit monitoring data and errors in the transmission process of monitoring data.
  • a self-organized edge node chain network is formed by several edge nodes, and then monitoring data transmission is performed through the edge node chain network, so as to solve the problem of remote mountainous areas. Problems such as failure to transmit monitoring data and data transmission errors due to poor cellular network signals.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an application scenario of a power transmission line monitoring system according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • the transmission line monitoring system 100 may include a functional node 110, an edge node 120, a sink node 130, a network 140, a master server 150, and T4) a plurality of power transmission sections obtained by dividing.
  • the functional node 110 can be used to collect monitoring data related to the transmission line (for example: voltage, current, temperature and humidity, parameters related to the insulation characteristics of the transmission cable, images or videos related to natural disasters, etc.), and transmit the monitoring data to the edge node 120.
  • monitoring data related to the transmission line for example: voltage, current, temperature and humidity, parameters related to the insulation characteristics of the transmission cable, images or videos related to natural disasters, etc.
  • the edge node 120 may be configured to receive monitoring data collected by at least one functional node 110 , and then send it to other edge nodes 120 or sink nodes 130 .
  • a power transmission interval may be formed between two tower poles.
  • At least one edge node 120 and a plurality of functional nodes 110 may be respectively set in each power transmission section, and the functional nodes 110 are respectively connected in communication with the edge nodes 120 set in the corresponding power transmission section.
  • the edge nodes 120 set in different power transmission intervals are connected to each other, so that the edge nodes 120 in the system form an edge node chain communication network, so that each edge node 120 in the system can pass the edge node.
  • the chain communication network sends the received monitoring data of each power transmission section to the collection node 130 .
  • the sink node 130 may connect or communicate with the master server through the network 140 .
  • the sink node 130 may be configured to receive data sent by at least one edge node 120 and process it, and then send the processed data to the master server 150 through the network 140, so that the master server 150 can base on the received data
  • the current state of the transmission line is obtained, so as to realize the monitoring of the state of the transmission line.
  • the network 140 may include any suitable network capable of facilitating the exchange of information and/or data between the sink node 130 and the home server 150 .
  • the network 140 may or include a public network (eg, the Internet), a private network (eg, a local area network (LAN)), a wired network, a wireless network (eg, an 802.11 network, a Wi-Fi network), a frame relay network, Virtual private network (VPN), satellite network, telephone network, router, hub, switch, server computer and/or any combination thereof.
  • network 140 may also include at least one network access point, such as a base station and/or an Internet exchange point, through which aggregation node 130 and/or home server 150 may connect to network 140 to exchange data and/or information.
  • At least one of the above-mentioned functional nodes 110, edge nodes 120, and sink nodes 130 may further include a power extraction device, and any one or more of the functional nodes 110, edge nodes 120, and sink nodes 130 can pass the
  • the power taking device is electrically connected (including contact type connection and non-contact type connection) with the power transmission cable in the power transmission line, so as to obtain electric power for its own use.
  • the power taking device may use a CT (current transformer) power taking module, and any one or more of the functional node 110 , the edge node 120 and the sink node 130 can be connected to the current transformer through the CT power taking module.
  • the power transmission cable is connected in a non-contact and current mutual inductance, thereby generating an induced current to power itself.
  • FIG. 2 is an exemplary flowchart of a power transmission line monitoring method according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • the method 200 may be applied to the transmission line monitoring system 100 shown in FIG. 1 , and as shown in FIG. 2 , the method may include:
  • Step 210 Collect at least one monitoring data related to the transmission line through the functional node and transmit it to the edge node.
  • one or more functional nodes may be set in each power transmission interval of the above-mentioned system 100, which are respectively used to collect different monitoring data related to the power transmission line in the corresponding power transmission interval, and then collect the collected monitoring data. It is transmitted to the edge node set in the corresponding transmission interval.
  • the above-mentioned functional node may include a support base, a sensor and a third communication module disposed on the support base.
  • the support base can be used to install the functional node on the tower pole or transmission cable of the transmission line
  • the sensor can be used to collect the above-mentioned monitoring data related to the transmission line
  • the third communication module can be used to collect the collected data.
  • the received monitoring data is transmitted to the edge node.
  • the support base can be made of insulating materials.
  • the above-mentioned sensors may include voltage sensors, current sensors, resistance sensors, temperature sensors, humidity sensors, image sensors, and the like.
  • different functional nodes may be configured with the same or different sensors, so as to implement the required data collection functions.
  • three voltage sensors may be respectively disposed on the first support base, the second support base and the third support base, respectively constituting the first function for collecting the voltages of the three phase lines in the transmission line node, the second function node and the third function node; for another example, in some embodiments, the image sensor may be arranged on the fourth support base, and the temperature sensor may be arranged on the fifth support base, so as to form a structure for collecting corresponding A fourth functional node for on-site images or videos of the power transmission interval, and a fifth functional node for collecting temperature data of power transmission cables.
  • the above-mentioned third communication module may adopt a wireless communication module, such as a Bluetooth module, a ZigBee module, an NFC (Near Field Communication) module, a UWB (Ultra Wideband, ultra-wideband) module, and the like.
  • each functional node may include any one or more of the above-mentioned Bluetooth module, ZigBee module, NFC module, and UWB module.
  • the functional node before the functional node sends data to the edge node, First, detect all available edge nodes within a preset communication range (for example, 100 meters) through functional nodes, then determine the target edge node according to the current state of each available edge node and the distance between each edge node and the current functional node, and finally set the current The functional node establishes a communication connection with the target edge node, and sends the monitoring data collected by the current functional node to the target edge node.
  • a preset communication range for example, 100 meters
  • each available edge node may include whether the device is available, whether the communication is congested, whether the communication rate meets the requirements, etc.
  • the distance between each edge node and the current functional node can be reflected by the signal strength between the two .
  • the best edge node (that is, the above-mentioned target edge node) is determined from a plurality of edge nodes to perform data transmission through the above method, which can further ensure the communication reliability and data feedback between the functional node and the edge node. real-time.
  • step 210 the method further includes:
  • Step 220 Receive monitoring data collected by at least one functional node through an edge node, and sequentially transmit the monitoring data to a sink node through at least two edge nodes in the edge node chain communication network.
  • the edge node may include a fourth communication module matching the third communication module configured by the above-mentioned functional node, and the edge node may receive one or more communication modules in the corresponding power transmission interval through the fourth communication module. Monitoring data collected by functional nodes.
  • the functional node when an edge node closest to the functional node fails, the functional node can establish communication with the edge node next to the distance, and send the collected monitoring data to the edge node, thereby ensuring that The monitoring data collected by the functional nodes can be successfully fed back.
  • the edge node may sequentially transmit the received monitoring data to the sink node through the edge node chain communication network formed by the above-mentioned edge nodes.
  • the current edge node when an edge node closest to the current edge node fails, the current edge node can also establish communication with the next edge node, thereby ensuring the smoothness of the edge node chain communication network.
  • the edge node can determine the best edge node from a plurality of available edge nodes with reference to the above-mentioned method of the functional node, and establish a communication connection with it to form an edge node chain network, so as to ensure the edge node chain The reliability of the network and the real-time nature of data transmission.
  • 3 and 4 are schematic diagrams of a chained communication network of edge nodes according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • edge nodes set in two adjacent power transmission sections can be connected to each other in communication, so that edge nodes set in different power transmission sections form an edge node chain network, and then, the edge nodes can pass through the edge nodes.
  • the node chain network realizes the data transmission step by step.
  • the first edge node 120-1 disposed near the tower pole T1 may be communicatively connected with the second edge node 120-2 disposed near the adjacent tower pole T2, and then the second edge node 120-2 can be connected
  • the edge node 120-2 is in communication connection with the third edge node 120-3 located near the adjacent tower pole T3... and so on, so that the edge nodes in any two adjacent power transmission sections are kept in communication connection, which can constitute a Self-organized edge node chain network.
  • the first functional node 110-11, the second functional node 110-12 and other more Multiple functional nodes can first send the collected monitoring data to the first edge node 120-1 set in the power transmission section, and then the first edge node 120-1 transmits the received data through the above-mentioned edge node chain network.
  • the data are sequentially sent to the second edge node 120-2, the third edge node 120-3... until the data is sent to the last edge node in the edge node chain network, and then the last edge node sends the data to the sink node.
  • the above-mentioned edge node chain communication network may include two communication channels, one of which may be composed of a first communication module with a faster data transmission speed (or a higher transmission frequency), It is used to transmit the first type of data (such as image or video data collected by an image sensor, etc.) with a relatively large amount of data (the amount of data refers to the data size of a single data) in the first communication mode, so as to ensure the transmission of monitoring data speed, to avoid monitoring data transmission delay is too high and affect its real-time.
  • a first communication module with a faster data transmission speed (or a higher transmission frequency)
  • the amount of data refers to the data size of a single data
  • the other communication channel can be composed of a second communication module with relatively slow data transmission speed (or relatively low transmission frequency) but relatively low energy consumption, and is used for transmitting a second communication module with a relatively small amount of data in the second communication mode.
  • Class data such as voltage data collected by a voltage sensor, current data collected by a current sensor, temperature data collected by a temperature sensor, request instructions, and control instructions, etc.).
  • each edge node may include a first communication module and a second communication module.
  • a first communication channel can be formed between two edge nodes arranged in different power transmission intervals through a first communication module, so as to realize the first communication mode, which is used to transmit images, videos and other data collected by functional nodes with a relatively large amount of data.
  • first type of data is used to transmit images, videos and other data collected by functional nodes with a relatively large amount of data.
  • a second communication channel can also be formed between two edge nodes in different power transmission intervals through a second communication module to implement a second communication mode for transmitting the voltage, current, resistance, temperature and humidity collected by the functional nodes.
  • the second type of data with a relatively small amount of equal data.
  • the above-mentioned first communication module may include a WiFi module
  • the above-mentioned second communication module may include any one of a LoRa module, a ZigBee module or a Bluetooth module.
  • the above communication modules are only illustrative.
  • the first communication module may include but not limited to the above WiFi module
  • the second communication module may include but not limited to the above LoRa module, ZigBee module or Bluetooth module.
  • the default state of the first communication module may be Set to off, and only use the second communication module for regular data (such as control commands, voltage, temperature and other byte information) transmission, until the second communication module receives a message that enables the first communication mode sent by other edge nodes.
  • the first communication module is turned on only when the first type of data needs to be transmitted to other edge nodes, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the edge nodes to a certain extent.
  • the first communication module after the first communication module completes the above-mentioned first type of data transmission task, it can be turned off immediately and kept in the off state, thereby further reducing the energy consumption.
  • FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 are schematic diagrams of a chained communication network of edge nodes according to other embodiments of the present application.
  • two or more other edge nodes may be set within the communication range of the same edge node.
  • the communication range of the first edge node 120-1 may include a second edge node 120-2 set in an adjacent power transmission section, and a third edge node 120-3 set in a non-adjacent power transmission section.
  • the first edge node 120-1 can establish communication with the second edge node 120-2, and can also establish communication with the third edge node 120-3 for data transmission.
  • the second edge node 120-2 fails, the data received by the first edge node 120-1 can skip the second edge node 120-2 and be directly transmitted to the third edge node 120-3.
  • the edge node chain network can continue data transmission in the case of partial edge node failure.
  • the first communication mode can also be used.
  • the group realizes the first communication mode, and the second communication mode is realized through the second communication module, so as to transmit the above-mentioned first type data and second type data respectively. More details about the first communication manner and the second communication manner can be found elsewhere in this application (for example, the related discussion in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 ), which will not be repeated here.
  • edge nodes may also be used to receive and process data from functional nodes or other edge nodes, and then feed back the processing results to the functional nodes, other edge nodes or sink nodes.
  • edge nodes can receive monitoring data sent by nearby functional nodes, perform preliminary aggregation, data encryption, and other processing, and then send the processed data to other edge nodes to pass the edge node chain network. Send the data to the sink node.
  • the data processed by it may include data sent by other edge nodes in the chain network, as well as data sent by nearby functional nodes, and the processed data Data can be fed back directly to the sink node.
  • an edge node may receive and process data from a functional node or other edge nodes, and issue a control instruction to the corresponding functional node or other edge nodes based on the processing result.
  • a "local area network" is formed with the certain edge node, the functional nodes that communicate with it, and other edge nodes, and the certain edge node acts as the control center of the network and directly processes the information collected by each node in the network. , and directly issue corresponding control commands (such as supplementing the light source around the image sensor to collect clearer images, or adjusting the data collection frequency of a voltage sensor, etc.).
  • each functional node and edge node may correspond to an identity identifier (such as a MAC address), respectively.
  • the edge node Before receiving data sent by the functional node or other edge nodes, the edge node may The identity identification contained in the request is processed for identity authentication, and then the authentication result is fed back to the functional node or edge node that sent the communication request according to the authentication result.
  • the edge node can determine whether the functional node or other edge node that initiates the communication request meets the preset communication conditions according to the identity identifier obtained in the communication request, and if the preset communication conditions are met, receive Data sent by the functional node or other edge nodes, otherwise refuse to receive.
  • the judging process may include: judging whether the identity of the communication request initiator (for example, the above-mentioned functional node and edge node) is pre-registered with the main station server, and if it has been registered, then judging whether the communication request The initiator satisfies the preset communication conditions, and if not registered, does not meet the preset communication conditions.
  • each edge node stores a registered identity of the node (including functional nodes or other edge nodes).
  • the monitoring system may further include a control terminal, which is a mobile terminal used by operators near a certain power transmission interval, which may be a tablet computer, a laptop computer, a mobile phone , Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) and other devices, the control terminal can access an edge node through a wireless network (such as WiFi), and access the edge node chain network through the edge node.
  • the control command issued by the control terminal can be transmitted to the corresponding target edge node via the above-mentioned edge node chain network.
  • the target edge node receives the control command, it can parse the control command, and then parse the parsed control command. Instructions are sent to the corresponding functional nodes to control them (for example, setting the frequency of data collection, adjusting the viewing angle of image collection, etc.).
  • the above-mentioned edge node may also include a remote wireless communication module, such as a 3G/4G/5G communication module, etc., at least one edge node in the system can directly communicate with the remote wireless communication module through the remote wireless communication module.
  • the collection node or the master station server communicates, so that when the monitoring data is transmitted through the edge node chain network to a power transmission section covered with a long-distance wireless communication network (such as a cellular network), it can pass through the power transmission section.
  • a long-distance wireless communication network such as a cellular network
  • the remote wireless communication module configured by the edge node in the network directly transmits the data to the collection node or the main station server, so as to avoid the step-by-step transmission of data through the edge node chain network, thereby shortening the transmission time of monitoring data and reducing The transmission delay of monitoring data is improved, and the real-time performance of monitoring data is improved.
  • step 220 the method further includes:
  • Step 230 Receive data from at least one edge node through the sink node, and send the data to the master server.
  • the collection node can be set in an area with good network resources, such as a substation, and is used to receive the data sent by each edge node through the above-mentioned edge node chain network and perform processing such as summarizing it, and then collect the data after the summarization through the Internet. data is sent to the master server.
  • the sink node may be acted by the last edge node in the transmission path of the edge node chain network.
  • the master station server can process the received monitoring data based on artificial intelligence technology, so as to realize natural disaster perception (such as rain and snow, icing, lightning strike, etc.), transmission line fault identification, transmission line status assessment, Risk warning, etc.
  • natural disaster perception such as rain and snow, icing, lightning strike, etc.
  • transmission line fault identification such as rain and snow, icing, lightning strike, etc.
  • transmission line status assessment such as Risk warning, etc.
  • the monitoring data sent by the above-mentioned functional node to the edge node may include its corresponding collection object information and/or location information.
  • the main station server can The carried collected object information and/or location information are processed to obtain the current power transmission state of the corresponding target or corresponding location.
  • the possible beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present application include but are not limited to: (1) Constructing a self-organized edge node chain network through edge nodes, and performing data transmission through the edge node chain network, it can solve the problem that the cellular network cannot cover and problems such as inability to transmit monitoring data or data transmission errors caused by poor network signals; (2) respectively transmit the first type of data and the second type of data through the first communication method and the second communication method, and transmit the first type of communication
  • the default state of the mode is set to off, which can ensure the monitoring data transmission rate while minimizing the energy consumption of the edge nodes; (3) By configuring the function nodes, edge nodes and sink nodes with power-taking modules, they can be automatically collected.
  • the remote wireless communication module By configuring the remote wireless communication module on the edge node, when the monitoring data is transmitted to a power transmission area covered with a long-distance wireless communication network through the edge node chain network, the The remote wireless communication module directly transmits the data to the collection node or the main station server, thereby avoiding the step-by-step transmission of the data through the edge node chain network, thereby shortening the transmission time of the monitoring data and reducing the transmission delay of the monitoring data. Improve the real-time nature of monitoring data.
  • the above-mentioned power transmission line monitoring system and monitoring method can be implemented in various ways.
  • the monitoring system and its constituent modules may be implemented by hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.
  • the hardware part can be implemented with dedicated logic; the software part can be stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system, such as a microprocessor or specially designed hardware.
  • the methods and systems described above may be implemented using computer-executable instructions and/or embodied in processor control code, for example on a carrier medium such as a disk, CD or DVD-ROM, such as a read-only memory (such code is provided on a programmable memory such as firmware) or a data carrier such as an optical or electronic signal carrier.
  • a carrier medium such as a disk, CD or DVD-ROM, such as a read-only memory ( Such code is provided on a programmable memory such as firmware) or a data carrier such as an optical or electronic signal carrier.
  • the system and its modules of the present application can not only be implemented by hardware circuits such as very large scale integrated circuits or gate arrays, semiconductors such as logic chips, transistors, etc., or programmable hardware devices such as field programmable gate arrays, programmable logic devices, etc. , can also be implemented by, for example, software executed by various types of processors, and can also be implemented by a combination of the above-mentioned hardware circuits and software (e
  • aspects of this application may be illustrated and described in several patentable categories or situations, including any new and useful process, machine, product, or combination of matter, or combinations of them. of any new and useful improvements. Accordingly, various aspects of the present application may be performed entirely by hardware, entirely by software (including firmware, resident software, microcode, etc.), or by a combination of hardware and software.
  • the above hardware or software may be referred to as a "data block”, “module”, “engine”, “unit”, “component” or “system”.
  • aspects of the present application may be embodied as a computer product comprising computer readable program code embodied in one or more computer readable media.

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Abstract

本申请实施例公开了一种输电线路监测系统及监测方法。所述监测方法包括：通过功能节点采集至少一个与输电线路相关的监测数据并将其传输给边缘节点；通过边缘节点接收至少一个功能节点采集的监测数据，并依次通过边缘节点链式通信网络中的至少两个边缘节点将所述监测数据传递给汇集节点，其中，所述边缘节点链式通信网络包括输电线路上的至少两个具有通信连接的边缘节点；通过所述汇集节点接收来自至少一个边缘节点的数据，并发送给主站服务器。本申请通过边缘节点构成自组式边缘节点链式网络，并通过该边缘节点链式网络进行数据传输，可以解决偏远地区由于蜂窝网络无法覆盖或网络信号不好造成的监测数据无法传输或传输出错等问题。

Description

一种输电线路监测系统及监测方法
交叉引用
本说明书要求2020年09月11日提交的申请号为202010958162.1的中国申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用并入本文。
技术领域
本申请涉及输电线路管理技术领域，特别涉及一种输电线路监测系统及监测方法。
背景技术
为了确保输电线路正常供电，通常需要对输电线路进行状态监测，例如电压监测、电流监测、温湿度监测、绝缘特性监测、自然灾害监测等。
随着技术的发展，远程监控技术开始逐渐应用到输电线路监测上。具体而言，即通过各种数据采集设备采集输电线路的现场状态数据，然后将该数据发送至服务器，从而实现远程监控。但是，就偏远山区等网络信号不佳或网络无法覆盖的区域而言，目前普遍存在监测数据无法传输或传输数据出错的问题，因此监控效果目前尚不理想。
综上所述，对于本领域技术人员而言，研究一种更可靠的输电线路监测方法以解决上述问题具有重要意义。
发明内容
本申请实施例之一提供一种输电线路监测系统。所述系统包括：功能节点、边缘节点以及汇集节点；所述功能节点用于采集至少一个与所述输电线路相关的监测数据并将其传输给边缘节点；所述输电线路上的至少两个边缘节点具有通信连接，以构成边缘节点链式通信网络；其中，边缘 节点用于接收至少一个功能节点采集的监测数据，并依次通过所述边缘节点链式通信网络中的至少两个边缘节点将所述监测数据传递给汇集节点；所述汇集节点用于接收来自至少一个边缘节点的数据，并发送给主站服务器。
本申请实施例之一提供一种输电线路监测方法，所述方法包括：通过功能节点采集至少一个与所述输电线路相关的监测数据并将其传输给边缘节点；通过边缘节点接收至少一个功能节点采集的监测数据，并依次通过边缘节点链式通信网络中的至少两个边缘节点将所述监测数据传递给汇集节点；所述边缘节点链式通信网络包括输电线路上的至少两个具有通信连接的边缘节点；通过所述汇集节点接收来自至少一个边缘节点的数据，并发送给主站服务器。
附图说明
本申请将以示例性实施例的方式进一步说明，这些示例性实施例将通过附图进行详细描述。这些实施例并非限制性的，在这些实施例中，相同的编号表示相同的结构，其中：
图1是根据本申请一些实施例所示的输电线路监测系统的应用场景示意图；
图2是根据本申请一些实施例所示的输电线路监测方法的示例性流程图；
图3和图4是根据本申请一些实施例所示的边缘节点链式通信网络示意图；
图5和图6是根据本申请另一些实施例所示的边缘节点链式通信网络示意图。
具体实施方式
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单的介绍。显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些示例或实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图将本申请应用于其它类似情景。除非从语言环境中显而易见或另做说明，图中相同标号代表相同结构或操作。
应当理解，本文使用的“系统”、“装置”、“单元”和/或“模组”是用于区分不同级别的不同组件、元件、部件、部分或装配的一种方法。然而，如果其他词语可实现相同的目的，则可通过其他表达来替换所述词语。
如本申请和权利要求书中所示，除非上下文明确提示例外情形，“一”、“一个”、“一种”和/或“该”等词并非特指单数，也可包括复数。一般说来，术语“包括”与“包含”仅提示包括已明确标识的步骤和元素，而这些步骤和元素不构成一个排它性的罗列，方法或者设备也可能包含其它的步骤或元素。
本申请中使用了流程图用来说明根据本申请的实施例的系统所执行的操作。应当理解的是，前面或后面操作不一定按照顺序来精确地执行。相反，可以按照倒序或同时处理各个步骤。同时，也可以将其他操作添加到这些过程中，或从这些过程移除某一步或数步操作。
在一些实施例中，可以基于蜂窝网络(Cellular network)将输电线路相关的监测数据发送到主站服务器，从而实现远程监控。但是，就偏远山区而言，由于蜂窝网络无法全面覆盖，网络信号时有时无，因此，经常导致监测数据无法传输，以及监测数据在传输过程中出错等问题。
针对该问题，本申请提供一种输电线路监测系统及监测方法，通过若干边缘节点构成一自组式边缘节点链式网络，然后通过该边缘节点链式网络来进行监测数据传输，从而解决偏远山区由于蜂窝网络信号不好所导致的监测数据无法传输以及数据传输出错等问题。
下面结合附图对本申请实施例所提供的输电线路监测系统及监测方法进行详细说明。
图1所示为根据本申请一些实施例所示的输电线路监测系统的应用场景示意图。
如图1所示，在一些实施例中，输电线路监测系统100可以包括功能节点110、边缘节点120、汇集节点130、网络140、主站服务器150、以及由塔杆(T1、T2、T3、T4)进行划分得到的多个输电区间。
其中，功能节点110可以用于采集与输电线路相关的监测数据(例如：电压、电流、温湿度、输电线缆绝缘特性相关参数、自然灾害情况相关图像或视频等)，并将该监测数据传输给边缘节点120。
边缘节点120可以用于接收至少一个功能节点110采集的监测数据，然后将其发送给其他边缘节点120或汇集节点130。
具体地，请继续参照图1，在一些实施例中，两个塔杆之间可以形成一个输电区间。每一个输电区间可以分别设置至少一个边缘节点120以及多个功能节点110，该功能节点110分别与对应输电区间所设置的边缘节点120通信连接。并且，不同输电区间所设置的边缘节点120之间相互通信连接，使得该系统中的边缘节点120构成一边缘节点链式通信网络，从而进一步使得该系统中的各个边缘节点120可以通过该边缘节点链式通信网络将接收到的各个输电区间的监测数据发送到汇集节点130。
进一步地，继续参照图1，汇集节点130可以通过网络140与主站服务器连接或通信。该汇集节点130可以用于接收至少一个边缘节点120所发送的数据并对其进行处理，然后通过网络140将处理后的数据发送给主站服务器150，使得主站服务器150可以基于接收到的数据得到输电线路的当前状态，从而实现输电线路状态监控。
其中，网络140可以包括能够促进汇集节点130和主站服务器150 进行信息和/或数据交换的任何合适的网络。例如，网络140可以或包括公共网络(例如，互联网)、专用网络(例如，局部区域网络(LAN))、有线网络、无线网络(例如，802.11网络、Wi-Fi网络)、帧中继网络、虚拟专用网络(VPN)、卫星网络、电话网络、路由器、集线器、交换机、服务器计算机和/或其任意组合。在一些实施例中，网络140还可以包括至少一个网络接入点，例如基站和/或互联网交换点，汇集节点130和/或主站服务器150可以通过该接入点连接到网络140以交换数据和/或信息。
在一些实施例中，上述功能节点110、边缘节点120以及汇集节点130中的至少一个还可以包括取电装置，功能节点110、边缘节点120以及汇集节点130中的任意一个或多个可以通过该取电装置与输电线路中的输电线缆电性连接(包括接触式连接及非接触式连接)，从而获取电能以供自身使用。
具体地，在一些实施例中，该取电装置可以采用CT(current transformer)取电模块，功能节点110、边缘节点120以及汇集节点130中的任意一个或多个可以通过该CT取电模块与输电线缆进行非接触式连接并进行电流互感，从而产生感应电流为自身供电。
图2是根据本申请一些实施例所示的输电线路监测方法的示例性流程图。该方法200可以应用于图1所示的输电线路监测系统100，如图2所示，该方法可以包括：
步骤210，通过功能节点采集至少一个与输电线路相关的监测数据并将其传输给边缘节点。
在一些实施例中，可以在上述系统100的每一个输电区间内分别设置一个或多个功能节点，分别用于采集对应输电区间内与输电线路相关的不同监测数据，然后将采集到的监测数据传输给对应输电区间所设置的边缘节点。
具体地，在一些实施例中，上述功能节点可以包括支撑座以及设置在该支撑座上的传感器和第三通信模组。其中，该支撑座可以用于将功能节点安装于输电线路的塔杆或输电线缆上，该传感器可以用于采集上述与输电线路相关的监测数据，该第三通信模组可以用于将采集到的监测数据传输给边缘节点。在一些实施例中，该支撑座可以选用绝缘材料制作而成。
进一步地，在一些实施例中，上述传感器可以包括电压传感器、电流传感器、电阻传感器、温度传感器、湿度传感器、图像传感器等。并且，在一些实施例中，不同的功能节点可以配置相同或不同的传感器，从而用于实现所需的数据采集功能。例如，在一些实施例中，可以将三个电压传感器分别设置在第一支撑座、第二支撑座和第三支撑座上，分别构成用于采集输电线路中三个相线电压的第一功能节点、第二功能节点和第三功能节点；又例如，在一些实施例中，可以将图像传感器设置在第四支撑座上，将温度传感器设置在第五支撑座上，从而构成用于采集对应输电区间的现场图像或视频的第四功能节点，以及用于采集输电线缆温度数据的第五功能节点。本领域技术人员可以理解，参照上述方法还可以得到用于采集其他相关数据的功能节点，因此，此处不再进行赘述。
在一些实施例中，上述第三通信模组可以采用无线通信模组，例如蓝牙模块、ZigBee模块、NFC(Near Field Communication，近场通信)模块、UWB(Ultra Wideband，超宽带)模块等。并且，每一个功能节点可以包括上述蓝牙模块、ZigBee模块、NFC模块、UWB模块中的任意一种或多种。
在一些实施例中，考虑到在边缘节点出现故障时可能无法及时接收附近功能节点所采集的监测数据，因此，为了解决该问题，在一些实施例中可以在功能节点向边缘节点发送数据前，先通过功能节点检测预设通信范围(例如100米)内的所有可用边缘节点，然后根据各个可用边缘节点 的当前状态以及各个边缘节点与当前功能节点之间的距离确定目标边缘节点，最后将当前功能节点与该目标边缘节点建立通信连接，并将当前功能节点所采集的监测数据发送至该目标边缘节点。需要说明，其中，各个可用边缘节点的当前状态可以包括设备是否可用、通信是否拥堵、通信速率是否满足要求等，各个边缘节点与当前功能节点之间的距离可以通过二者之间的信号强度反映。在一些实施例中，通过上述方法从多个边缘节点中确定出最佳的边缘节点(即上述目标边缘节点)进行数据传输，可以进一步确保功能节点与边缘节点之间的通信可靠性以及数据反馈的实时性。
继续参照图2，步骤210之后，所述方法还包括：
步骤220，通过边缘节点接收至少一个功能节点采集的监测数据，并依次通过边缘节点链式通信网络中的至少两个边缘节点将所述监测数据传递给汇集节点。
在一些实施例中，边缘节点可以包括与上述功能节点所配置的第三通信模组匹配的第四通信模组，边缘节点可以通过该第四通信模组接收对应输电区间内的一个或多个功能节点所采集的监测数据。
需要说明，在一些实施例中，当距离功能节点最近的一个边缘节点故障时，该功能节点可以与距离次之的边缘节点建立通信，并将采集到的监测数据发送至该边缘节点，从而确保功能节点采集的监测数据能够成功进行反馈。
进一步地，边缘节点接收到功能节点发送的监测数据之后，可以通过由上述边缘节点构成的边缘节点链式通信网络依次将接收的监测数据传递给汇集节点。
同理地，在一些实施例中，当距离当前边缘节点最近的一个边缘节点故障时，该当前边缘节点也可以与距离次之的边缘节点建立通信，从而确保边缘节点链式通信网络的畅通。需要说明，在一些实施例中，边缘节 点可以参照功能节点的上述方法从多个可用边缘节点中确定出最佳的边缘节点，并与其建立通信连接构成边缘节点链式网络，从而确保缘节点链式网络的可靠性和数据传输的实时性。
图3和图4是根据本申请一些实施例所示的边缘节点链式通信网络示意图。
参照图3，在一些实施例中，可以将相邻两个输电区间设置的边缘节点相互通信连接，使得不同输电区间所设置的边缘节点构成一边缘节点链式网络，然后，即可通过该边缘节点链式网络实现数据逐级传递。
举例而言，在一些实施例中，可以将设置于塔杆T1附近的第一边缘节点120-1与设置于相邻塔杆T2附近的第二边缘节点120-2通信连接，然后将第二边缘节点120-2与设置于相邻塔杆T3附近的第三边缘节点120-3通信连接……以此类推，使任意两个相邻输电区间的边缘节点均保持通信连接，即可构成一自组式的边缘节点链式网络。由此一来，设置于第一输电区间(例如塔杆T1附近区域或塔杆T1与塔杆T2之间的区域)的第一功能节点110-11、第二功能节点110-12以及其他更多的功能节点即可将采集到的监测数据先发送到该输电区间所设置的第一边缘节点120-1，然后由第一边缘节点120-1通过上述边缘节点链式网络将接收到的数据依次发送到第二边缘节点120-2、第三边缘节点120-3……直至发送到该边缘节点链式网络中的最后一个边缘节点，然后由最后一个边缘节点将数据发送给汇集节点。
参照图4，在一些实施例中，上述边缘节点链式通信网络可以包括两个通信通道，其中一个通信通道可以由数据传输速度较快(或传输频率较高)的第一通信模组构成，用于以第一通信方式传输数据量(该数据量指单个数据的数据大小)相对较大的第一类数据(例如通过图像传感器采集得到的图像或视频数据等)，从而确保监测数据的传输速率，避免监测数 据传输延迟过高而影响其实时性。另一个通信通道可以由数据传输速度相对较慢(或传输频率相对较低)但能耗相对较低的第二通信模组构成，用于以第二通信方式传输数据量相对较小的第二类数据(例如通过电压传感器采集得到的电压数据、通过电流传感器采集得到的电流数据、通过温度传感器采集得到的温度数据、请求指令以及控制指令等)。
换言之，即在一些实施例中，每一个边缘节点可以包括第一通信模组及第二通信模组。设置于不同输电区间的两个边缘节点之间可以通过第一通信模组构成第一通信通道，以实现第一通信方式，用于传输由功能节点采集的图像、视频等数据量相对较大的第一类数据。同理，不同输电区间的两个边缘节点之间还可以通过第二通信模组构成第二通信通道，以实现第二通信方式，用于传输由功能节点采集的电压、电流、电阻、温湿度等数据量相对较小的第二类数据。
具体地，在一些实施例中，上述第一通信模组可以包括WiFi模块，上述第二通信模组可以包括LoRa模块、ZigBee模块或Bluetooth模块中的任意一种。
应当理解，以上通信模块仅为示例性说明，在本申请中，该第一通信模组可以包括但不限于上述的WiFi模块，第二通信模组可以包括但不限于上述的LoRa模块、ZigBee模块或Bluetooth模块。
进一步地，在一些实施例中，考虑到第一通信模组的能耗相对于第二通信模组而言通常较高，因此，在一些实施例中，可以将第一通信模组的默认状态设置为关闭，仅使用第二通信模组进行常规数据(例如控制指令、电压和温度等字节信息)传输，直到通过该第二通信模组接收到其他边缘节点发送的启用第一通信方式的请求，或者需要向其他边缘节点传输第一类数据时才开启该第一通信模组，从而在一定程度降低边缘节点的能耗。
除此之外，在一些实施例中，还可以在该第一通信模组完成上述第一类数据的传输任务之后，立即将其关闭，并继续使其保持关闭状态，从而进一步降低边缘节点的能耗。
图5和图6是根据本申请另一些实施例所示的边缘节点链式通信网络示意图。
参照图5，在一些实施例中，可以在同一个边缘节点的通信范围内设置两个或两个以上其他边缘节点。例如，在第一边缘节点120-1的通信范围内可以包括相邻输电区间设置的第二边缘节点120-2，以及非相邻输电区间设置的第三边缘节点120-3，第一边缘节点120-1可以与第二边缘节点120-2建立通信，也可以与第三边缘节点120-3建立通信以进行数据传输。由此一来，当第二边缘节点120-2故障时，第一边缘节点120-1所接收到的数据可以跳过第二边缘节点120-2，直接传输至第三边缘节点120-3，从而确保该边缘节点链式网络可以在部分边缘节点故障的情况下继续进行数据传输。
参照图6，当第一边缘节点120-1跳过相邻输电区间的第二边缘节点120-2与非相邻输电区间的第三边缘节点120-3通信时，也可以通过第一通信模组实现第一通信方式，通过第二通信模组实现第二通信方式，以分别传输上述的第一类数据和第二类数据。关于该第一通信方式以及第二通信方式的更多细节可以在本申请的其他地方找到(例如，图3及图4的相关论述)，此处不再赘述。
在一些实施例中，上述边缘节点还可以用于接收来自功能节点或其他边缘节点的数据并对其进行处理，然后向功能节点、其他边缘节点或汇集节点反馈处理结果。例如，在一些实施例中，边缘节点可以接收附近功能节点发送的监测数据并对其进行初步汇总、数据加密等处理，然后将处理后的数据发送至其他边缘节点，以通过边缘节点链式网络将数据发送到 汇集节点。应当理解，当边缘节点链式网络中的最后一个边缘节点作为处理主体时，其处理的数据可以包括链式网络中其他边缘节点发送的数据，以及附近功能节点发送的数据，并且其处理后的数据可以直接反馈至汇集节点。
又例如，某一边缘节点可以接收来自功能节点或其他边缘节点的数据并对其进行处理，基于处理结果向相应的功能节点或其他边缘节点发出控制指令。此时，以所述某一边缘节点以及与其通信的功能节点及其他边缘节点形成一个“局域网”，所述某一边缘节点作为该网络的控制中心，直接对网内各节点搜集的信息进行处理，并直接下发相应的控制指令(如补充图像传感器周围的光源以便采集更清晰的图像，或者调整某电压传感器的数据采集频率等)。
又例如，在一些实施例中，每一个功能节点及边缘节点可以分别对应一身份标识(例如MAC地址)，边缘节点在接收功能节点或其他边缘节点发送的数据之前，可以先根据其发送的通信请求中所包含的身份标识进行身份认证处理，然后再根据认证结果向发送通信请求的功能节点或边缘节点反馈认证结果。具体而言，即在一些实施例中，边缘节点可以根据通信请求中获取到的身份标识判断发起通信请求的功能节点或其他边缘节点是否满足预设通信条件，若满足预设通信条件，则接收该功能节点或其他边缘节点发送的数据，否则拒绝接收。可选地，在一些实施例中，该判断过程可以包括：判断通信请求发起者(例如上述功能节点及边缘节点)的身份标识是否预先在主站服务器进行注册，若已注册，则判定通信请求发起者满足该预设通信条件，若未注册，则不满足预设通信条件。在一些实施例中，每个边缘节点中保存有一份经过注册的节点(包括功能节点或其他边缘节点)身份标识。
再例如，在一些实施例中，所述监测系统还可以包括控制终端，所述 控制终端是在某输电区间附近的操作人员使用的移动终端，其可以是平板计算机、膝上型计算机、移动电话、个人数字助理(PDA)等设备，控制终端可以通过无线网络(如WiFi)接入某边缘节点，并经由该边缘节点接入边缘节点链式网络中。该控制终端所发出的控制指令可以经由上述边缘节点链式网络传输至对应的目标边缘节点，当目标边缘节点接收到该控制指令后，可以对该控制指令进行解析处理，然后将解析后的控制指令发送至对应的功能节点以对其进行控制(例如设定数据采集频率、调整图像采集视角等)。
进一步地，在一些实施例中，上述边缘节点还可以包括远程无线通信模组，例如3G/4G/5G通信模组等，该系统中的至少一个边缘节点可以通过该远程无线通信模组直接与汇集节点或主站服务器进行通信，由此一来，当监测数据通过该边缘节点链式网络传输至某一个覆盖有远程无线通信网络(例如蜂窝网络)的输电区间时，即可通过该输电区间中的边缘节点所配置的远程无线通信模组将数据直接传输至汇集节点或主站服务器，从而免于通过该边缘节点链式网络对数据进行逐级传递，进而缩短监测数据的传输时间，降低监测数据的传输延迟，提高监测数据的实时性。
继续参照图2，步骤220之后，所述方法还包括：
步骤230，通过汇集节点接收来自至少一个边缘节点的数据，并发送给主站服务器。
在一些实施例中，该汇集节点可以设置在变电站等网络资源良好的区域，用于接收各个边缘节点通过上述边缘节点链式网络发送的数据并对其进行汇总等处理，然后通过互联网将汇总后的数据发送到主站服务器。在一些实施例中，该汇集节点可以由边缘节点链式网络传输路径中的最后一个边缘节点充当。
在一些实施例中，主站服务器可以基于人工智能技术对接收到的监 测数据进行处理，从而实现自然灾害感知(如雨雪、覆冰、雷击等)、输电线路故障识别、输电线路状态评估、风险预警等。
进一步地，在一些实施例中，上述功能节点向边缘节点发送的监测数据中可以包括其对应的采集对象信息和/或位置信息，主站服务器接收到该监测数据后，可以基于该监测数据所携带的采集对象信息和/或位置信息进行处理，从而得到对应目标或对应位置的当前输电状态。
本申请实施例可能带来的有益效果包括但不限于：(1)通过边缘节点构成自组式边缘节点链式网络，并通过该边缘节点链式网络进行数据传输，可以解决由于蜂窝网络无法覆盖以及网络信号不好造成的监测数据无法传输或数据传输错误等问题；(2)通过第一通信方式和第二通信方式分别对第一类数据和第二类数据进行传输，并将第一通信方式的默认状态设置为关闭，可以在确保监测数据传输速率的同时使边缘节点的能耗最小化；(3)通过对功能节点、边缘节点以及汇集节点配置取电模块，可以使其实现自动取电，进而降低后期的维护人力耗费；(4)通过对边缘节点配置远程无线通信模组，可以在监测数据通过边缘节点链式网络传输至某一个覆盖有远程无线通信网络的输电区间时，通过该远程无线通信模组将数据直接传输至汇集节点或主站服务器，从而免于通过该边缘节点链式网络对数据进行逐级传递，进而缩短监测数据的传输时间，降低监测数据的传输延迟，提高监测数据的实时性。
需要说明的是，不同实施例可能产生的有益效果不同，在不同的实施例里，可能产生的有益效果可以是以上任意一种或几种的组合，也可以是其他任何可能获得的有益效果。
应当理解，上述的输电线路监测系统及监测方法可以利用各种方式来实现。例如，在一些实施例中，该监测系统及其组成模块可以通过硬件、软件或者软件和硬件的结合来实现。其中，硬件部分可以利用专用逻辑来 实现；软件部分则可以存储在存储器中，由适当的指令执行系统，例如微处理器或者专用设计硬件来执行。本领域技术人员可以理解，上述的方法和系统可以使用计算机可执行指令和/或包含在处理器控制代码中来实现，例如在诸如磁盘、CD或DVD-ROM的载体介质、诸如只读存储器(固件)的可编程的存储器或者诸如光学或电子信号载体的数据载体上提供了这样的代码。本申请的系统及其模块不仅可以有诸如超大规模集成电路或门阵列、诸如逻辑芯片、晶体管等的半导体、或者诸如现场可编程门阵列、可编程逻辑设备等的可编程硬件设备的硬件电路实现，也可以用例如由各种类型的处理器所执行的软件实现，还可以由上述硬件电路和软件的结合(例如，固件)来实现。
应当注意的是，上述有关系统和方法的描述仅仅是为了示例和说明，而不限定本申请的适用范围。对于本领域技术人员来说，在本申请的指导下可以对上述系统及方法进行各种修正和改变。然而，这些修正和改变仍在本申请的范围之内。
同时，本申请使用了特定词语来描述本申请的实施例。如“一个实施例”、“一实施例”、和/或“一些实施例”意指与本申请至少一个实施例相关的某一特征、结构或特点。因此，应强调并注意的是，本说明书中在不同位置两次或多次提及的“一实施例”或“一个实施例”或“一个替代性实施例”并不一定是指同一实施例。此外，本申请的一个或多个实施例中的某些特征、结构或特点可以进行适当的组合。
此外，本领域技术人员可以理解，本申请的各方面可以通过若干具有可专利性的种类或情况进行说明和描述，包括任何新的和有用的工序、机器、产品或物质的组合，或对他们的任何新的和有用的改进。相应地，本申请的各个方面可以完全由硬件执行、可以完全由软件(包括固件、常驻软件、微码等)执行、也可以由硬件和软件组合执行。以上硬件或软件均可 被称为“数据块”、“模块”、“引擎”、“单元”、“组件”或“系统”。此外，本申请的各方面可能表现为位于一个或多个计算机可读介质中的计算机产品，该产品包括计算机可读程序编码。
此外，除非权利要求中明确说明，本申请所述处理元素和序列的顺序、数字字母的使用、或其他名称的使用，并非用于限定本申请流程和方法的顺序。尽管上述披露中通过各种示例讨论了一些目前认为有用的发明实施例，但应当理解的是，该类细节仅起到说明的目的，附加的权利要求并不仅限于披露的实施例，相反，权利要求旨在覆盖所有符合本申请实施例实质和范围的修正和等价组合。例如，虽然以上所描述的系统组件可以通过硬件设备实现，但是也可以只通过软件的解决方案得以实现，如在现有的服务器或移动设备上安装所描述的系统。
同理，应当注意的是，为了简化本申请披露的表述，从而帮助对一个或多个发明实施例的理解，前文对本申请实施例的描述中，有时会将多种特征归并至一个实施例、附图或对其的描述中。但是，这种披露方法并不意味着本申请对象所需要的特征比权利要求中提及的特征多。实际上，实施例的特征要少于上述披露的单个实施例的全部特征。
针对本申请引用的每个专利、专利申请、专利申请公开物和其他材料，如文章、书籍、说明书、出版物、文档等，特此将其全部内容并入本申请作为参考。与本申请内容不一致或产生冲突的申请历史文件除外，对本申请权利要求最广范围有限制的文件(当前或之后附加于本申请中的)也除外。需要说明的是，如果本申请附属材料中的描述、定义、和/或术语的使用与本申请所述内容有不一致或冲突的地方，以本申请的描述、定义和/或术语的使用为准。
最后，应当理解的是，本申请中所述实施例仅用以说明本申请实施例的原则。其他的变形也可能属于本申请的范围。因此，作为示例而非限 制，本申请实施例的替代配置可视为与本申请的教导一致。相应地，本申请的实施例不仅限于本申请明确介绍和描述的实施例。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种输电线路监测系统，其特征在于，包括：功能节点、边缘节点以及汇集节点；
    所述功能节点用于采集至少一个与所述输电线路相关的监测数据并将其传输给边缘节点；
    所述输电线路上的至少两个边缘节点具有通信连接，以构成边缘节点链式通信网络；其中，边缘节点用于接收至少一个功能节点采集的监测数据，并依次通过所述边缘节点链式通信网络中的至少两个边缘节点将所述监测数据传递给汇集节点；
    所述汇集节点用于接收来自至少一个边缘节点的数据，并发送给主站服务器。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的系统，其特征在于，所述边缘节点还用于通过第一通信方式与其他边缘节点传输第一类数据，以及通过第二通信方式与其他边缘节点传输第二类数据。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的系统，其特征在于，所述边缘节点包括第一通信模组及第二通信模组；
    所述第一通信模组用于实现第一通信方式，所述第二通信模组用于实现第二通信方式。
  4. 如权利要求2所述的系统，其特征在于，所述第一类数据的数据量大于所述第二类数据的数据量；所述第一类数据包括图像，所述第二类数据包括状态参数；所述第一通信方式具有高于所述第二通信方式的传输速率和能耗。
  5. 如权利要求3所述的系统，其特征在于，所述第一通信模组包括WiFi模块，所述第二通信模组包括LoRa模块、ZigBee模块或Bluetooth模块。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的系统，其特征在于，所述边缘节点还用于接收至少一个功能节点或其他边缘节点的数据，进行处理，并向至少一个功能节点、其他边缘节点或汇集节点反馈处理结果。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的系统，其特征在于，所述功能节点包括支撑座；所述支撑座上至少设置有传感器以及第三通信模组；所述功能节点通过所述支撑座安装于输电线路的塔杆或输电线缆上。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的系统，其特征在于，所述第三通信模组为无线通信模组，所述第三通信模组包括蓝牙模块、ZigBee模块、NFC模块、UWB模块中的任意一种或多种。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的系统，其特征在于，所述汇集节点用于通过互联网将来自至少一个边缘节点的数据发送给主站服务器。
  10. 如权利要求1所述的系统，其特征在于，所述功能节点、所述边缘节点以及所述汇集节点中的一个或多个还包括取电装置；
    所述取电装置与所述输电线路中的输电线缆电性连接，以获取电能供所述功能节点、所述边缘节点以及所述汇集节点中的一个或多个使用。
  11. 一种输电线路监测方法，其特征在于，包括：
    通过功能节点采集至少一个与所述输电线路相关的监测数据并将其传输给边缘节点；
    通过边缘节点接收至少一个功能节点采集的监测数据，并依次通过边缘节点链式通信网络中的至少两个边缘节点将所述监测数据传递给汇集节点；所述边缘节点链式通信网络包括输电线路上的至少两个具有通信连接的边缘节点；
    通过所述汇集节点接收来自至少一个边缘节点的数据，并发送给主站服务器。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述通过功能节点采集至少一个与所述输电线路相关的监测数据并将其传输给边缘节点，包括：
    通过功能节点检测预设通信范围内的可用边缘节点；
    根据所述可用边缘节点的当前状态以及所述可用边缘节点与当前功能节点之间的距离确定目标边缘节点；
    将所述当前功能节点与所述目标边缘节点建立通信连接。
  13. 如权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括，对于具有通信连接的至少两个边缘节点中的任一个：
    通过第一通信方式与其他边缘节点传输第一类数据，以及通过第二通信方式与其他边缘节点传输第二类数据。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一类数据的数据量大于所述第二类数据的数据量；所述第一类数据包括图像，所述第二类数据包括状态参数；所述第一通信方式具有高于所述第二通信方式的传输速率和能耗。
  15. 如权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括，对于具有通信连接的至少两个边缘节点中的任一个：
    保持用于实现第一通信方式的第一通信模组关闭，并通过第二通信方式与其他边缘节点保持通信，直到：
    接收到其他边缘节点通过所述第二通信方式发送的第一通信请求时，开启第一通信模组，并通过第一通信方式与所述其他边缘节点传输第一类数据；
    或者，需要与其他边缘节点传输第一类数据时，开启第一通信模组并通过所述第二通信方式向所述其他边缘节点发送第一通信请求。
  16. 如权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    通过边缘节点接收至少一个功能节点或其他边缘节点的数据；
    处理所述数据；
    向至少一个功能节点、其他边缘节点或汇集节点反馈处理结果。
  17. 如权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    通过取电装置从所述输电线路中获取电能，供所述功能节点、所述边缘节点以及所述汇集节点中的一个或多个使用。
  18. 如权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    通过边缘节点获取功能节点或其他边缘节点的身份标识；
    根据所述身份标识判断所述功能节点或所述其他边缘节点是否满足预设通信条件；
    若满足所述预设通信条件，则接收所述功能节点或所述其他边缘节点发送的数据，否则拒绝接收。
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