WO2022052652A1 - 转向架及具有其的机车 - Google Patents

转向架及具有其的机车 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022052652A1
WO2022052652A1 PCT/CN2021/108244 CN2021108244W WO2022052652A1 WO 2022052652 A1 WO2022052652 A1 WO 2022052652A1 CN 2021108244 W CN2021108244 W CN 2021108244W WO 2022052652 A1 WO2022052652 A1 WO 2022052652A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
plate
traction
frame
bogie
axle
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/108244
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘辉
张涛
田星宇
赵清海
高喜杰
李辰
Original Assignee
中车大同电力机车有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 中车大同电力机车有限公司 filed Critical 中车大同电力机车有限公司
Priority to EP21865708.8A priority Critical patent/EP4212402A4/en
Publication of WO2022052652A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022052652A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
    • B61F5/50—Other details
    • B61F5/52—Bogie frames
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61C—LOCOMOTIVES; MOTOR RAILCARS
    • B61C15/00—Maintaining or augmenting the starting or braking power by auxiliary devices and measures; Preventing wheel slippage; Controlling distribution of tractive effort between driving wheels
    • B61C15/08—Preventing wheel slippage
    • B61C15/10—Preventing wheel slippage by depositing sand or like friction increasing materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61C—LOCOMOTIVES; MOTOR RAILCARS
    • B61C9/00—Locomotives or motor railcars characterised by the type of transmission system used; Transmission systems specially adapted for locomotives or motor railcars
    • B61C9/38—Transmission systems in or for locomotives or motor railcars with electric motor propulsion
    • B61C9/52—Transmission systems in or for locomotives or motor railcars with electric motor propulsion with transmission shafts at an angle to the driving axles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F3/00—Types of bogies
    • B61F3/02—Types of bogies with more than one axle
    • B61F3/04—Types of bogies with more than one axle with driven axles or wheels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
    • B61F5/02—Arrangements permitting limited transverse relative movements between vehicle underframe or bolster and bogie; Connections between underframes and bogies
    • B61F5/04—Bolster supports or mountings
    • B61F5/06—Bolster supports or mountings incorporating metal springs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
    • B61F5/02—Arrangements permitting limited transverse relative movements between vehicle underframe or bolster and bogie; Connections between underframes and bogies
    • B61F5/04—Bolster supports or mountings
    • B61F5/08—Bolster supports or mountings incorporating rubber springs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
    • B61F5/26—Mounting or securing axle-boxes in vehicle or bogie underframes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
    • B61F5/26—Mounting or securing axle-boxes in vehicle or bogie underframes
    • B61F5/30—Axle-boxes mounted for movement under spring control in vehicle or bogie underframes
    • B61F5/301—Axle-boxes mounted for movement under spring control in vehicle or bogie underframes incorporating metal springs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61G—COUPLINGS; DRAUGHT AND BUFFING APPLIANCES
    • B61G9/00—Draw-gear
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61H—BRAKES OR OTHER RETARDING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAIL VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR DISPOSITION THEREOF IN RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61H1/00—Applications or arrangements of brakes with a braking member or members co-operating with the periphery of the wheel rim, a drum, or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61H—BRAKES OR OTHER RETARDING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAIL VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR DISPOSITION THEREOF IN RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61H13/00—Actuating rail vehicle brakes
    • B61H13/34—Details
    • B61H13/36—Beams; Suspension thereof

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the technical field of locomotives, and in particular, to a bogie and a locomotive having the same.
  • the shunting locomotives that are widely used in railway locomotive depots, depots, marshalling yards, and discontinuous electrified factories, mines, ports and other places for shunting and rescue tasks are mostly internal combustion traction shunting locomotives, with a power greater than 1000kW and axle load. 22t ⁇ 25t, shaft type C0-C0, starting traction ⁇ 350kN, the shunting locomotive adopts internal combustion engine power, which is relatively serious to air pollution, especially in some relatively closed spaces, such as subways, caves, etc., it is more harmful to air pollution. severe.
  • Its bogie structure is a conventional diesel locomotive bogie structure.
  • the bogies of the above-mentioned locomotives are all suitable for large locomotives, the structure is relatively complex, and the structure of the bogie is relatively large, so they are not suitable for light locomotives.
  • the present disclosure provides a bogie and a locomotive having the same, which are suitable for light locomotives.
  • a bogie comprising:
  • the frame includes two side beams, a first end beam and a second end beam, the first end beam is formed with a first recess and a second recess, the first recess is located on the upper part of the first end beam, and the first end beam is downward protruding, and the second recess is located on the side of the first end beam;
  • Traction device two ends of the traction device are respectively connected to the first end beam and the vehicle body, one end of the traction device is located at the lower part of the first end beam, so that the traction device is inclined and the opening of the second concave faces the direction of the other end of the traction device ;
  • axle device which is connected to the frame
  • the driving device is connected to the frame and is drivingly connected to the axle device;
  • the braking device is connected to the frame.
  • the first end beam includes:
  • the upper cover plate is formed with a first depression
  • the lower cover plate is arranged opposite to the upper cover plate, the lower cover plate is a bent plate, and protrudes in a direction away from the upper cover plate;
  • the vertical plate, the two ends of the vertical plate are respectively connected to the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate;
  • the upper cover plate, the lower cover plate and the vertical plate form a second recess, and one end of the traction device is located at the lower part of the lower cover plate.
  • the traction device includes a traction rod, a vehicle body traction seat, a bogie traction seat, two traction rubber joints, and two trays, and the vehicle body traction seat and the bogie traction seat pass through corresponding traction rubbers respectively.
  • the joint and the tray are connected to the two ends of the traction rod, the traction seat of the vehicle body is connected to the vehicle body, and the first end beam also includes:
  • the traction seat plate is connected with the lower cover plate, and the lower cover plate is inserted in the traction seat plate, and the bogie traction seat is connected with the traction seat plate;
  • the reinforcing rib connects the lower cover plate and the vertical plate.
  • the upper cover plate includes:
  • the second plate segment is a bent plate, the second plate segment is two, and the two second plate segments are respectively connected to both ends of the first plate segment;
  • the third plate segment, the third plate segment is a straight plate, the third plate segment is two, the two third plate segments are respectively connected to two ends of the second plate segment away from the first plate segment, and the upper surface of the third plate segment is high On the upper surface of the first plate segment, there is a reserved space below the third plate segment;
  • the braking device is a wheel disc braking device, and the braking device is installed in the reserved space.
  • the axle device includes an axle, two wheels and two axle boxes, the two wheels are arranged on the axle at intervals, and the two axle boxes are respectively arranged at both ends of the axle, and the bogie further includes a series of axle boxes.
  • Suspension devices, primary suspension devices include:
  • Axle box pull rod the two ends of the axle box pull rod are respectively connected to the frame and the axle box;
  • the first series of suspension springs, the two ends of the first series of suspension springs are respectively connected to the frame and the axle box;
  • a series of vertical shock absorbers the two ends of the first series of vertical shock absorbers are respectively connected to the frame and the axle box.
  • the distance between the two wheels is adjustable, and the installation position of the axle box is a fixed position.
  • the frame further includes a beam, two ends of the beam are respectively connected to the middle of the two side beams, and the driving device includes:
  • gear mechanism the gear mechanism is connected with the axle device
  • the motor the motor is connected with the gear mechanism
  • Motor hanger the motor hanger is connected with the motor
  • the motor hanger is connected with the motor hanger through the motor suspension rubber sleeve, and the motor hanger is connected with the beam;
  • Anti-seating the anti-seating is set on the motor
  • the anti-dropping pin is arranged on the beam, so that when the motor hanger is separated from the beam, the anti-dropping seat is in limited contact with the anti-dropping pin.
  • the braking device is a basic braking device, and the braking device includes a wheel disc brake and a tread brake, both of which are connected to the frame, and the bogie further includes a secondary suspension device, a secondary suspension device, and a secondary suspension device.
  • Tie suspension includes:
  • Second-series lateral shock absorbers the two ends of the second-series lateral shock absorbers are respectively connected to the side beam and the vehicle body, and there are two second-series lateral shock absorbers, and the two second-series lateral shock absorbers are distributed diagonally, and are connected to two side beams;
  • the second-series rubber piles are arranged on the side beams;
  • the secondary transverse stop is arranged on the side beam, and one end of the secondary transverse stop is arranged opposite to the vehicle body;
  • the braking device is installed in the middle of the frame, and is close to the secondary suspension device.
  • the bogie further includes a device for discharging stones and sand, and the device for discharging rocks and sand includes:
  • the fixing frame is connected to the frame;
  • the mounting seat is connected with the fixing frame, and the position is adjustable relative to the fixing frame;
  • the stone-discharging pipe is connected to the mounting seat;
  • connecting frame is connected with the mounting seat, and the position of the connecting frame is adjustable relative to the fixing frame;
  • Sand spreading bracket which is connected with sand spreading pipe
  • the connecting frame and the mounting base move synchronously with respect to the fixing frame, so that the stone discharging pipe and the sand spreading pipe move synchronously.
  • a locomotive comprising the above-mentioned bogie and vehicle body.
  • the bogie of the present disclosure includes a frame, a traction device, an axle device, a driving device, and a braking device. Since the first end beam of the frame is formed with a first depression and a second depression, that is, the first end beam adopts a concave and an inner depression. structure, so that the traction device connecting the first end beam and the vehicle body can be arranged obliquely, and part of the traction device can be located below the first end beam, that is, the overlapping part of the traction device and the first end beam is increased, In this way, the overall length of the bogie is reduced, and the compactness is high, so it is suitable for light locomotives.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a bogie according to an exemplary embodiment
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a frame of a bogie according to an exemplary embodiment
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a first end beam of a bogie according to an exemplary embodiment
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a traction device of a bogie according to an exemplary embodiment
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an axle device of a bogie according to an exemplary embodiment
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an axle device and a driving device of a bogie according to an exemplary embodiment
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of a braking device of a bogie according to an exemplary embodiment
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the installation structure of a primary suspension device of a bogie according to an exemplary embodiment
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram showing the installation structure of a secondary suspension device of a bogie according to an exemplary embodiment
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of a bogie rock-discharging and sand-spreading device according to an exemplary embodiment
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a locomotive according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • Vehicle body 10. Frame; 11. Side beam; 12. First end beam; 121, First depression; 122, Second depression; 123, Upper cover plate; Plate section; 1233, third plate section; 124, lower cover plate; 125, vertical plate; 126, traction seat plate; 127, reinforcing rib; 13, second end beam; 14, cross beam; 20, traction device; 21, drawbar; 22, body draw seat; 23, bogie draw seat; 24, traction rubber joint; 25, pallet; 30, axle device; 31, axle; 32, wheel; 33, axle box; 40, drive device; 41, gear mechanism; 42, motor; 43, motor hanger; 44, motor hanger; 45, motor suspension rubber sleeve; 46, anti-seating; 47, anti-dropping pin; 50, braking device; 51, disc brake ; 52, tread brake; 60, primary suspension device; 61, axle box tie rod; 62, primary suspension spring; 63, primary vertical shock absorber; 70, secondary suspension device; 71, secondary lateral vibration damping device; 72, second-series rubber pile
  • the bogie includes: a frame 10 .
  • the frame 10 includes two side beams 11 , a first end beam 12 and a second end beam 13 .
  • the first end beam 13 .
  • the end beam 12 is formed with a first depression 121 and a second depression 122, the first depression 121 is located on the upper part of the first end beam 12, the first end beam 12 is protruded downward, and the second depression 122 is located at the side of the first end beam 12
  • the traction device 20, the two ends of the traction device 20 are respectively connected to the first end beam 12 and the vehicle body 1, one end of the traction device 20 is located at the lower part of the first end beam 12, so that the traction device 20 is inclined and the second recess 122
  • the opening of the pulley faces the direction of the other end of the traction device 20; the axle device 30, the axle device 30 is connected to the frame 10; the driving device 40, the driving device 40 is connected to the frame 10, and is drivingly connected with the axle device 30; the braking device 50 , the braking device 50 is connected to the frame 10 .
  • the bogie of an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a frame 10 , a traction device 20 , an axle device 30 , a driving device 40 and a braking device 50 . Since the first end beam 12 of the frame 10 is formed with a first recess 121 and a second recess 122 , That is, the first end beam 12 adopts a concave and concave structure, so that the traction device 20 connecting the first end beam 12 and the vehicle body 1 can be arranged obliquely, and part of the traction device 20 can be located in the first end beam. Below the 12, the overlapping portion of the traction device 20 and the first end beam 12 is increased, so as to reduce the overall length of the bogie, and the compactness is high, which is suitable for light locomotives.
  • first end beam 12 protrudes downward, that is, the bottom of the first end beam 12 protrudes downward relative to the horizontal surface, so that the connecting surface and the first end of the vehicle body 1 for connecting the traction device 20 are formed.
  • a height difference occurs between the connecting surfaces of the beams 12 , so that the traction device 20 is arranged obliquely.
  • the driving device 40 drives the axle device 30 to move
  • the braking device 50 is used to control the axle device 30 to stop moving.
  • the first end beam 12 includes: an upper cover plate 123 formed with a first recess 121 ; a lower cover plate 124 , which is opposite to the upper cover plate 123
  • the lower cover plate 124 is a bent plate and protrudes in the direction away from the upper cover plate 123; the vertical plate 125, the two ends of the vertical plate 125 are respectively connected to the upper cover plate 123 and the lower cover plate 124; wherein, the upper cover plate 123 , the lower cover plate 124 and the vertical plate 125 form a second recess 122 , and one end of the pulling device 20 is located at the lower part of the lower cover plate 124 .
  • the upper cover plate 123 , the lower cover plate 124 and the vertical plate 125 form the overall frame of the first end beam 12 , and the bottom of the lower cover plate 124 protrudes toward the direction away from the upper cover plate 123 , that is, the lower cover plate 124 The bottom is close to the bottom surface, so that the first end beam 12 forms a concave structure.
  • the upper cover plate 123, the lower cover plate 124 and the vertical plate 125 form a second recess 122, and the second recess 122 faces the direction of the other end of the traction device 20, that is, the opening of the second recess 122 is away from the second end beam 13, so that the The first end beam 12 forms a concave structure.
  • the traction device 20 includes a traction rod 21 , a vehicle body traction seat 22 , a bogie traction seat 23 , two traction rubber joints 24 and two trays 25 .
  • the seat 22 and the bogie traction seat 23 are respectively connected to the two ends of the traction rod 21 through the corresponding traction rubber joints 24 and the tray 25.
  • the vehicle body traction seat 22 is connected with the vehicle body 1.
  • the first end beam 12 also includes: a traction seat Plate 126, the traction seat plate 126 is connected with the lower cover plate 124, and the lower cover plate 124 is inserted in the traction seat plate 126, the bogie traction seat 23 is connected with the traction seat plate 126; the reinforcing rib 127, the reinforcing rib 127 is connected The lower cover plate 124 and the vertical plate 125.
  • the traction device 20 adopts a push-pull oblique single traction rod structure, and is composed of a vehicle body traction seat 22 , a traction rod 21 , a bogie traction seat 23 , a traction rubber joint 24 and a tray 25 .
  • the traction rod 21 is arranged obliquely, and the height of the traction point from the top surface of the rail is located in the center of the bogie, which belongs to low-level traction.
  • One end of the drawbar 21 is mounted on the first end beam 12 , and the other end is mounted on the vehicle body 1 . Both ends of the traction rod 21 are equipped with traction rubber joints 24, which can buffer the vibration between the bogie and the vehicle body 1, and can effectively transmit the traction force and braking force, which is safe and reliable.
  • reinforcing ribs 127 there are multiple reinforcing ribs 127, and the structures and arrangements of the plurality of reinforcing ribs 127 may be different, so as to ensure the structural stability of the first end beam 12, such as an arrangement shown in FIG. 3 .
  • the frame 10 further includes a cross beam 14 , and both ends of the cross beam 14 are respectively connected to the middle of the two side beams 11 , that is, the frame 10 is composed of two side beams 11 , a first end beam 12 , The second end beam 13 and the cross beam 14 are composed, the frame 10 is a "Sun"-shaped frame, and the strength of the frame 10 can meet the strength check under the axial load of 15t-18t.
  • the first end beam 12 adopts a concave and concave structure
  • the side beam 11 can be arranged with a secondary transverse shock absorber seat, a swing stop seat, a brake mounting seat, and an axle box pull rod. Mounting seat and other structures.
  • the upper cover plate 123 includes: a first plate segment 1231;
  • the second plate segment 1232 is connected to both ends of the first plate segment 1231 respectively;
  • the third plate segment 1233, the third plate segment 1233 is a straight plate, there are two third plate segments 1233, and the two third plate segments 1233 are respectively connected to two One end of the second plate segment 1232 away from the first plate segment 1231, the upper surface of the third plate segment 1233 is higher than the upper surface of the first plate segment 1231, and there is a reserved space below the third plate segment 1233;
  • the device 50 is a wheel brake device, and the brake device 50 is installed in the reserved space.
  • the first end beam 12 is composed of an upper cover plate 123 , a vertical plate 125 , a lower cover plate 124 and a plurality of reinforcing ribs 127 .
  • reinforcing ribs 127 are added as required, and the method of slowly changing the cross section is adopted at the transition to ensure that the first end beam 12 has sufficient strength and rigidity while the stress is less than its allowable limit value.
  • the selection of braking devices 50 is also different for bogies of different standards.
  • the axle device 30 includes an axle 31 , two wheels 32 and two axle boxes 33 , the two wheels 32 are arranged on the axle 31 at intervals, and the two axle boxes 33 are respectively Arranged at both ends of the axle 31,
  • the bogie further includes a primary suspension device 60, the primary suspension device 60 includes: an axle box pull rod 61, the two ends of the axle box pull rod 61 are respectively connected to the frame 10 and the axle box 33; the primary suspension spring 62, the two ends of a series of suspension springs 62 are respectively connected to the frame 10 and the axle box 33;
  • the axle box 33 is arranged on the frame 10 through the primary suspension device 60 , that is, the axle device 30 is connected to the frame 10 , and the axle box pull rod 61 , the primary suspension spring 62 and the primary vertical shock absorber 63 realize the horizontal
  • the connection in the direction and the vertical direction ensures the stability of the connection.
  • the wheel axle device 30 can adopt a traditional wheel set structure, which is composed of an axle box 33 , a wheel 32 and an axle 31 .
  • a wheel with a diameter of 1100 mm can be used.
  • the primary suspension device 60 adopts a triangular axle box tie rod 61 with adjustable stiffness in all directions, a primary suspension spring 62 with large deflection and a primary vertical shock absorber 63, and the wheel axle device 30 passes through the primary suspension device 60 is connected with the frame 10 to achieve elastic positioning.
  • the distance between the two wheels 32 is adjustable, and the installation position of the axle box 33 is a fixed position. That is, the distance between the two wheels 32 can be changed, which can adapt to different domestic and European requirements at the same time. Specifically, according to different gauge requirements, different wheels 32 are replaced and the wheels 32 are installed in different positions, but the installation position of the axle box 33 is a fixed position, so sufficient space needs to be reserved between the axle box 33 and the wheel 32 , to ensure that it can adapt to the use of different gauges.
  • the frame 10 further includes a beam 14 , two ends of the beam 14 are respectively connected to the middle of the two side beams 11 , and the driving device 40 includes a gear mechanism 41 , which is connected to the gear mechanism 41 .
  • the axle device 30 is connected; the motor 42 is drivingly connected with the gear mechanism 41; the motor hanger 43, the motor hanger 43 is connected with the motor 42; the motor hanger 44, the motor hanger 44 is connected to the motor through the motor suspension rubber sleeve 45
  • the hanger 43 is connected, and the motor hanger 44 is connected with the beam 14; the anti-drop seat 46, the anti-drop seat 46 is arranged on the motor 42; When disengaging from the beam 14 , the anti-dropping seat 46 is in limited contact with the anti-dropping pin 47 .
  • the motor 42 of the driving device 40 drives the axle device 30 to rotate through the gear mechanism 41 , and the motor 42 is connected to the frame 10 through the motor suspension rod 44 arranged on the motor suspension base 43 , and the anti-dropping seat 46 and the anti-dropping pin 47 are connected to the frame 10 .
  • the motor 42 will not be dropped when the motor boom 44 is detached from the frame 10 .
  • the driving device 40 is composed of a gear mechanism 41 , a motor 42 , an anti-drop seat 46 , a motor hanger 43 , a motor hanger 44 , an anti-drop pin 47 and a motor hanger rubber sleeve 45 , and the gear mechanism 41 is arranged in two On the inner side of the wheel 32, one side is suspended on the axle 31 through the gear box bearing, and the other side is connected to the motor 42.
  • the motor 42 is arranged between the two wheels 32, and the gear mechanism 41 can adopt a parallel gear transmission structure.
  • a motor suspension rubber sleeve 45 is installed on the motor suspension rods 44 to slow down the vibration and impact of the motor 42 .
  • an anti-dropping pin 47 is provided to ensure the safety of the driving device 40 .
  • the braking device 50 is a basic braking device, and the braking device 50 includes a wheel brake 51 and a tread brake 52 , and both the wheel brake 51 and the tread brake 52 are connected to The frame 10, the bogie also includes a secondary suspension device 70, the secondary suspension device 70 includes: a secondary lateral shock absorber 71, the two ends of the secondary lateral shock absorber 71 are respectively connected to the side beam 11 and the vehicle body 1, the secondary series There are two transverse shock absorbers 71 , and the two second-series transverse shock absorbers 71 are diagonally distributed and connected to the two side beams 11 respectively; the second-series rubber stacks 72 are arranged on the side beams 11 ; the second-series rubber stacks 72 are arranged on the side beams 11 ; The secondary lateral stop 73 is arranged on the side beam 11, and one end of the secondary lateral stop 73 is arranged opposite to the vehicle body 1; wherein, the braking device 50 is installed in the middle
  • the basic braking device adopts a single-sided tread braking unit, the braking unit is arranged in the middle of the bogie, and each bogie is equipped with four sets of tread braking units, of which two sets of tread braking units have parking brake function.
  • the basic braking device is mainly composed of a common braking unit (ie, disc brake 51 ), a parking braking unit (ie, tread brake 52 ), a brake shoe, and the like.
  • the first end beam 12 reserves the installation space of the wheel brake device.
  • the secondary suspension device 70 adopts a secondary rubber stack 72, and the secondary rubber stack 72 has a vertical stiffness of 4.85 kN/mm and a static deflection of 12 mm.
  • Two sets of second-series rubber piles 72 are arranged on each side of the frame 10, which are longitudinally arranged on the centerline of the side beams 11; one second-series lateral shock absorber 71 is provided on each side of the frame 10, and are arranged obliquely symmetrically.
  • a secondary transverse stop 73 is provided on the outer side of the side beams 11 .
  • the bogie further includes a device 80 for removing rocks and sand
  • the device 80 for removing rocks and sand includes: a fixing frame 81 , the fixing frame 81 is connected to the frame 10 ; a mounting seat 82 , the mounting seat 82 is connected with the fixing frame 81, and the position is adjustable relative to the fixing frame 81; the stone discharging pipe 83 is connected to the mounting seat 82; the connecting frame 84, the connecting frame 84 and the mounting seat 82
  • the sand-spreading pipe 85 is arranged on the connecting frame 84; the sand-spreading bracket 86 is connected with the sand-spreading pipe 85; wherein,
  • the connecting frame 84 and the mounting base 82 move synchronously relative to the fixing frame 81 , so that the stone-discharging pipe 83 and the sand-spraying pipe 85 move synchronously.
  • the stone-discharging pipe 83 and the sand-spreading pipe 85 belong to the synchronous position adjustment, that is, according to the distance from the rail surface, since the mounting base 82 and the connecting frame 84 are connected, the mounting base 82 and the connecting frame 84 are synchronously opposed to each other. According to the movement of the fixing frame 81, the synchronous movement of the stone discharging pipe 83 and the sand spreading pipe 85 is realized.
  • the fixing frame 81 and the connecting frame 84 may be provided with bar-shaped holes 89 , and the bolts pass through the bar-shaped holes 89 and are fixed by the second nuts 88 .
  • the second nut 88 is loosened, so that the connecting frame 84 moves relative to the fixing frame 81 , so that the stone-discharging pipe 83 and the sand-spreading pipe 85 move synchronously.
  • the fixing frame 81 may be provided with a plurality of circular holes 90 , the bolts pass through the mounting seat 82 and then pass through a certain circular hole 90 and are fixed by the first nut 87 , When adjusting the position, the first nut 87 is loosened, so that the mounting seat 82 moves relative to the fixing frame 81, so that the stone discharging pipe 83 and the sand spreading pipe 85 move synchronously, and the bolt is passed through the other Inside the circular hole 90 , it is fixed by the first nut 87 .
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a locomotive, please refer to FIG. 11 , including the above-mentioned bogie and vehicle body 1 .
  • two bogies, a main converter cabinet, a fuel tank, a battery, etc. are arranged on the lower part of the chassis of the vehicle body 1 .
  • the bogie is a power bogie suitable for light-duty shunting locomotives.
  • the bogie is suitable for a locomotive length of ⁇ 15000mm, an axle load of 15t-18t, a B0-B0 axle type, a maximum speed of 80km/h, and a single axle.
  • the light-duty shunting locomotive with traction force ⁇ 62.5kN, traction motor power ⁇ 200kW, minimum curve radius R100m, and bogie longitudinal dimension ⁇ 4200mm (excluding traction device) meets the requirements of European dynamic limits and domestic railway limits.
  • the lower part of the locomotive body is longitudinally arranged with main converter cabinets, fuel tanks and other components.
  • the lower part of the locomotive occupies a lot of space, and the longitudinal dimension of the bogie is limited to a relatively small space.
  • the bogie needs to be designed with a reasonable structural layout, suitable wheelbase, suitable traction mode and frame structure.
  • the upper part of the chassis of the locomotive body needs more space for the layout requirements of locomotive pipelines and circuits, and the bogie suspension system needs to adopt the suspension parameters of the first series of soft and the second series of hard, resulting in the first series of suspension system using a spring and a single tie rod structure Insufficient wheelset lateral positioning stiffness is provided.
  • the bogie structure can meet the installation of two kinds of braking methods: tread braking and wheel disc braking of the basic braking device.
  • the bogie rim lubrication device adopts the oil and gas rim lubrication technology, and the grease is a degradable material to reduce the impact on the environment.
  • the paint parts of the bogie are all made of water-based paint, which reduces the pollution to the environment.

Abstract

本公开涉及机车技术领域，提出了一种转向架及具有其的机车。转向架包括构架、牵引装置、轮轴装置、驱动装置以及制动装置；牵引装置的两端分别连接第一端梁和车体，牵引装置的一端位于第一端梁的下部，以使牵引装置倾斜设置，第二凹陷的开口朝向牵引装置的另一端所在方向；轮轴装置连接于构架上；驱动装置连接于构架上，且与轮轴装置驱动连接；制动装置连接于构架上。牵引装置倾斜设置，且牵引装置的部分段体位于第一端梁的下方，即增加了牵引装置和第一端梁的重叠部分，以此减小转向架的整体长度，且紧凑性较高，以适用于轻型机车。

Description

转向架及具有其的机车
交叉引用
本公开要求于2020年09月09日提交的申请号为202010943321.0、名称为“转向架及具有其的机车”的中国专利申请的优先权，该中国专利申请的全部内容通过引用全部并入本文。
技术领域
本公开涉及机车技术领域，尤其涉及一种转向架及具有其的机车。
背景技术
目前广泛用于铁路机务段、车辆段、编组场以电气化不连续的工厂、矿山、港口等场所担任调车及救援任务的调车机车大多采用内燃牵引调车机车，其功率大于1000kW，轴重22t～25t，轴式C0-C0，起动牵引力≥350kN，该调车机车采用内燃机动力，对空气污染相对严重，特别是在一些相对密闭的空间里运行，如地铁、山洞等，对空气污染更严重。其转向架结构为常规的内燃机车转向架结构。
然而，上述机车的转向架均适用于大型机车，结构较为复杂，且转向架结构体积较大，不适合轻型机车。
发明内容
本公开提供一种转向架及具有其的机车，以适用于轻型机车。
根据本公开的第一个方面，提供了一种转向架，包括：
构架，构架包括两个侧梁、第一端梁和第二端梁，第一端梁形成有第一凹陷和第二凹陷，第一凹陷位于第一端梁的上部，第一端梁向下凸出，第二凹陷位于第一端梁的侧部；
牵引装置，牵引装置的两端分别连接第一端梁和车体，牵引装置的一端位于第一端梁的下部，以使牵引装置倾斜设置，第二凹陷的开口朝向牵引装置的另一端所在方向；
轮轴装置，轮轴装置连接于构架上；
驱动装置，驱动装置连接于构架上，且与轮轴装置驱动连接；
制动装置，制动装置连接于构架上。
在本公开的一个实施例中，第一端梁包括：
上盖板，上盖板形成有第一凹陷；
下盖板，下盖板与上盖板相对设置，下盖板为弯板，且朝向远离上盖板的方向凸出；
立板，立板的两端分别连接上盖板和下盖板；
其中，上盖板、下盖板以及立板形成第二凹陷，牵引装置的一端位于下盖板的下部。
在本公开的一个实施例中，牵引装置包括牵引杆、车体牵引座、转向架牵引座、两个牵引橡胶关节以及两个托盘，车体牵引座和转向架牵引座分别通过相应的牵引橡胶关节和托盘连接于牵引杆的两端，车体牵引座与车体相连接，第一端梁还包括：
牵引座板，牵引座板与下盖板相连接，且下盖板插设在牵引座板内，转向架牵引座与牵引座板相连接；
加强筋，加强筋连接下盖板和立板。
在本公开的一个实施例中，上盖板包括：
第一板段；
第二板段，第二板段为弯板，第二板段为两个，两个第二板段分别连接于第一板段的两端；
第三板段，第三板段为直板，第三板段为两个，两个第三板段分别连接两个第二板段远离第一板段的一端，第三板段的上表面高于第一板段的上表面，第三板段的下方具有预留空间；
其中，制动装置为轮盘制动装置，制动装置安装于预留空间内。
在本公开的一个实施例中，轮轴装置包括车轴、两个车轮以及两个轴箱，两个车轮间隔设置在车轴上，两个轴箱分别设置在车轴的两端，转向架还包括一系悬挂装置，一系悬挂装置包括：
轴箱拉杆，轴箱拉杆的两端分别连接构架和轴箱；
一系悬挂弹簧，一系悬挂弹簧的两端分别连接构架和轴箱；
一系垂向减振器，一系垂向减振器的两端分别连接构架和轴箱。
在本公开的一个实施例中，两个车轮之间的间距可调节地设置，轴箱的安装位置为固定位置。
在本公开的一个实施例中，构架还包括横梁，横梁的两端分别连接两个侧梁的中部，驱动装置包括：
齿轮机构，齿轮机构与轮轴装置相连接；
电机，电机与齿轮机构驱动连接；
电机吊座，电机吊座与电机相连接；
电机吊杆，电机吊杆通过电机悬挂橡胶套与电机吊座相连接，电机吊杆与横梁相连接；
防落座，防落座设置在电机上；
防落销，防落销设置在横梁上，以在电机吊杆脱离横梁时，防落座与防落销限位接触。
在本公开的一个实施例中，制动装置为基础制动装置，制动装置包括轮盘制动器和踏面制动器，轮盘制动器和踏面制动器均连接于构架，转向架还包括二系悬挂装置，二系悬挂装置包括：
二系横向减振器，二系横向减振器的两端分别连接侧梁和车体，二系横向减振器为两个，两个二系横向减振器对角分布，且分别连接两个侧梁；
二系橡胶堆，二系橡胶堆设置在侧梁上；
二系横向止挡，二系横向止挡设置在侧梁上，二系横向止挡的一端与车体相对设置；
其中，制动装置安装于构架的中部，且靠近二系悬挂装置。
在本公开的一个实施例中，转向架还包括排石撒砂装置，排石撒砂装置包括：
固定架，固定架连接于构架上；
安装座，安装座与固定架相连接，且相对于固定架位置可调地设置；
排石管，排石管连接于安装座上；
连接架，连接架与安装座相连接，且相对于固定架位置可调地设置；
撒砂管，撒砂管设置在连接架上；
撒砂支架，撒砂支架与撒砂管相连接；
其中，连接架与安装座相对于固定架同步移动，以使排石管和撒砂管同步移动。
根据本公开的第二个方面，提供了一种机车，包括上述的转向架和车体。
本公开的转向架包括构架、牵引装置、轮轴装置、驱动装置以及制动装置，由于构架的第一端梁形成有第一凹陷和第二凹陷，即第一端梁采用了下凹、内凹结构，从而可以使得连接第一端梁和车体的牵引装置倾斜设置，且可以使得牵引装置的部分段体位于第一端梁的下方，即增加了牵引装置和第一端梁的重叠部分，以此减小转向架的整体长度，且紧凑性较高，以适用于轻型机车。
附图说明
通过结合附图考虑以下对本公开的优选实施方式的详细说明，本公开的各种目标，特征和优点将变得更加显而易见。附图仅为本公开的示范性图解，并非一定是按比例绘制。 在附图中，同样的附图标记始终表示相同或类似的部件。其中：
图1是根据一示例性实施方式示出的一种转向架的结构示意图；
图2是根据一示例性实施方式示出的一种转向架的构架的结构示意图；
图3是根据一示例性实施方式示出的一种转向架的第一端梁的结构示意图；
图4是根据一示例性实施方式示出的一种转向架的牵引装置的结构示意图；
图5是根据一示例性实施方式示出的一种转向架的轮轴装置的结构示意图；
图6是根据一示例性实施方式示出的一种转向架的轮轴装置和驱动装置的结构示意图；
图7是根据一示例性实施方式示出的一种转向架的制动装置的安装结构示意图；
图8是根据一示例性实施方式示出的一种转向架的一系悬挂装置的安装结构示意图；
图9是根据一示例性实施方式示出的一种转向架的二系悬挂装置的安装结构示意图；
图10是根据一示例性实施方式示出的一种转向架的排石撒砂装置的安装结构示意图；
图11是根据一示例性实施方式示出的一种机车的结构示意图。
附图标记说明如下：
1、车体；10、构架；11、侧梁；12、第一端梁；121、第一凹陷；122、第二凹陷；123、上盖板；1231、第一板段；1232、第二板段；1233、第三板段；124、下盖板；125、立板；126、牵引座板；127、加强筋；13、第二端梁；14、横梁；20、牵引装置；21、牵引杆；22、车体牵引座；23、转向架牵引座；24、牵引橡胶关节；25、托盘；30、轮轴装置；31、车轴；32、车轮；33、轴箱；40、驱动装置；41、齿轮机构；42、电机；43、电机吊座；44、电机吊杆；45、电机悬挂橡胶套；46、防落座；47、防落销；50、制动装置；51、轮盘制动器；52、踏面制动器；60、一系悬挂装置；61、轴箱拉杆；62、一系悬挂弹簧；63、一系垂向减振器；70、二系悬挂装置；71、二系横向减振器；72、二系橡胶堆；73、二系横向止挡；80、排石撒砂装置；81、固定架；82、安装座；83、排石管；84、连接架；85、撒砂管；86、撒砂支架；87、第一螺母；88、第二螺母；89、条形孔；90、圆孔。
具体实施方式
体现本公开特征与优点的典型实施例将在以下的说明中详细叙述。应理解的是本公开能够在不同的实施例上具有各种的变化，其皆不脱离本公开的范围，且其中的说明及附图 在本质上是作说明之用，而非用以限制本公开。
在对本公开的不同示例性实施方式的下面描述中，参照附图进行，附图形成本公开的一部分，并且其中以示例方式显示了可实现本公开的多个方面的不同示例性结构，系统和步骤。应理解的是，可以使用部件，结构，示例性装置，系统和步骤的其他特定方案，并且可在不偏离本公开范围的情况下进行结构和功能性修改。而且，虽然本说明书中可使用术语“之上”，“之间”，“之内”等来描述本公开的不同示例性特征和元件，但是这些术语用于本文中仅出于方便，例如根据附图中的示例的方向。本说明书中的任何内容都不应理解为需要结构的特定三维方向才落入本公开的范围内。
本公开一个实施例提供了一种转向架，请参考图1至图11，转向架包括：构架10，构架10包括两个侧梁11、第一端梁12和第二端梁13，第一端梁12形成有第一凹陷121和第二凹陷122，第一凹陷121位于第一端梁12的上部，第一端梁12向下凸出，第二凹陷122位于第一端梁12的侧部；牵引装置20，牵引装置20的两端分别连接第一端梁12和车体1，牵引装置20的一端位于第一端梁12的下部，以使牵引装置20倾斜设置，第二凹陷122的开口朝向牵引装置20的另一端所在方向；轮轴装置30，轮轴装置30连接于构架10上；驱动装置40，驱动装置40连接于构架10上，且与轮轴装置30驱动连接；制动装置50，制动装置50连接于构架10上。
本公开一个实施例的转向架包括构架10、牵引装置20、轮轴装置30、驱动装置40以及制动装置50，由于构架10的第一端梁12形成有第一凹陷121和第二凹陷122，即第一端梁12采用了下凹、内凹结构，从而可以使得连接第一端梁12和车体1的牵引装置20倾斜设置，且可以使得牵引装置20的部分段体位于第一端梁12的下方，即增加了牵引装置20和第一端梁12的重叠部分，以此减小转向架的整体长度，且紧凑性较高，以适用于轻型机车。
需要说明的是，第一端梁12向下凸出，即第一端梁12的底部相对于水平面向下凸出，从而使得用于连接牵引装置20的车体1的连接面和第一端梁12的连接面之间出现高度差，以此使得牵引装置20倾斜设置。
在一个实施例中，驱动装置40驱动轮轴装置30移动，而制动装置50用于控制轮轴装置30停止运动。
在一个实施例中，如图3所示，第一端梁12包括：上盖板123，上盖板123形成有第一凹陷121；下盖板124，下盖板124与上盖板123相对设置，下盖板124为弯板，且朝向远离上盖板123的方向凸出；立板125，立板125的两端分别连接上盖板123和下盖板 124；其中，上盖板123、下盖板124以及立板125形成第二凹陷122，牵引装置20的一端位于下盖板124的下部。
具体的，上盖板123、下盖板124以及立板125形成了第一端梁12的整体框架，而下盖板124的底部朝向远离上盖板123的方向凸出，即下盖板124的底部靠近底面，使得第一端梁12形成下凹结构。且上盖板123、下盖板124以及立板125形成第二凹陷122，且第二凹陷122朝向牵引装置20另一端所在方向，即第二凹陷122的开口背离第二端梁13，从而使得第一端梁12形成内凹结构。
在一个实施例中，如图3和图4所示，牵引装置20包括牵引杆21、车体牵引座22、转向架牵引座23、两个牵引橡胶关节24以及两个托盘25，车体牵引座22和转向架牵引座23分别通过相应的牵引橡胶关节24和托盘25连接于牵引杆21的两端，车体牵引座22与车体1相连接，第一端梁12还包括：牵引座板126，牵引座板126与下盖板124相连接，且下盖板124插设在牵引座板126内，转向架牵引座23与牵引座板126相连接；加强筋127，加强筋127连接下盖板124和立板125。
需要说明的是，牵引装置20采用推挽式斜单牵引杆结构，由车体牵引座22、牵引杆21、转向架牵引座23、牵引橡胶关节24以及托盘25组成。牵引杆21斜布置，牵引点距轨顶面高度位于转向架的中心，属于低位牵引。牵引杆21一端安装在第一端梁12上，另一端安装在车体1上。牵引杆21两端装有牵引橡胶关节24，能够缓冲转向架与车体1间的振动，能有效传递牵引力及制动力且安全可靠。
需要说明的是，加强筋127为多个，多个加强筋127的结构以及布置方式可以不相同，以此保证第一端梁12的结构稳定性，如图3给出的一种布置方式。
在一个实施例中，如图2所示，构架10还包括横梁14，横梁14的两端分别连接两个侧梁11的中部，即构架10由两个侧梁11、第一端梁12、第二端梁13以及横梁14组成，构架10为“日”字形构架，构架10强度能满足15t～18t轴重下的强度校核。为满足总体布置和牵引装置20运用，第一端梁12采用了下凹、内凹结构，侧梁11上可布置二系横向减振器座、摇头止挡座、制动器安装座、轴箱拉杆安装座等结构。
在一个实施例中，如图3所示，上盖板123包括：第一板段1231；第二板段1232，第二板段1232为弯板，第二板段1232为两个，两个第二板段1232分别连接于第一板段1231的两端；第三板段1233，第三板段1233为直板，第三板段1233为两个，两个第三板段1233分别连接两个第二板段1232远离第一板段1231的一端，第三板段1233的上表面高于第一板段1231的上表面，第三板段1233的下方具有预留空间；其中，制动装置50 为轮盘制动装置，制动装置50安装于预留空间内。
具体的，如图3所示，第一端梁12由上盖板123、立板125、下盖板124以及多个加强筋127组成，第一端梁12为下凹框架式结构，在上盖板123、下盖板124与立板125围成的框架式结构中根据需要增加加强筋127，且在过渡处采用缓慢式变化截面的办法，保证第一端梁12有足够的强度与刚度的同时应力小于其许用限度值。
需要说明的是，考虑到制动装置50的种类不同，而不同标准的转向架对于制动装置50的选用也不同，例如在选用轮盘制动装置时，需要将轮盘制动装置安装于第一端梁12上，因此在第三板段1233的下方具有预留空间，以满足选用轮盘制动装置时能够对其进行安装，适应性较好。
在一个实施例中，如图5和图8所示，轮轴装置30包括车轴31、两个车轮32以及两个轴箱33，两个车轮32间隔设置在车轴31上，两个轴箱33分别设置在车轴31的两端，转向架还包括一系悬挂装置60，一系悬挂装置60包括：轴箱拉杆61，轴箱拉杆61的两端分别连接构架10和轴箱33；一系悬挂弹簧62，一系悬挂弹簧62的两端分别连接构架10和轴箱33；一系垂向减振器63，一系垂向减振器63的两端分别连接构架10和轴箱33。
具体的，轴箱33通过一系悬挂装置60设置在构架10上，即将轮轴装置30连接于构架10上，轴箱拉杆61、一系悬挂弹簧62以及一系垂向减振器63实现了水平方向以及竖直方向的连接，保证连接的稳定性。
在一个实施例中，轮轴装置30可采用传统轮对结构，由轴箱33、车轮32以及车轴31组成，为满足车轴31牵引力要求，可采用轮径直径1100mm的车轮。
在一个实施例中，一系悬挂装置60采用可调节各向刚度的三角形轴箱拉杆61、大挠度的一系悬挂弹簧62和一系垂向减振器63，轮轴装置30通过一系悬挂装置60与构架10连接，以实现弹性定位。
在一个实施例中，两个车轮32之间的间距可调节地设置，轴箱33的安装位置为固定位置。即两个车轮32之间的间距可变化，能同时适应国内和欧洲不同的要求。具体根据不同的轨距需求，更换不同的车轮32，并将车轮32安装于不同的位置，但轴箱33的安装位置为固定位置，因此轴箱33与车轮32之间需要预留足够的空间，保证适应不同轨距使用。
在一个实施例中，如图1和图6所示，构架10还包括横梁14，横梁14的两端分别连接两个侧梁11的中部，驱动装置40包括：齿轮机构41，齿轮机构41与轮轴装置30相连接；电机42，电机42与齿轮机构41驱动连接；电机吊座43，电机吊座43与电机42相 连接；电机吊杆44，电机吊杆44通过电机悬挂橡胶套45与电机吊座43相连接，电机吊杆44与横梁14相连接；防落座46，防落座46设置在电机42上；防落销47，防落销47设置在横梁14上，以在电机吊杆44脱离横梁14时，防落座46与防落销47限位接触。
具体的，驱动装置40的电机42通过齿轮机构41驱动轮轴装置30转动，而电机42通过设置在电机吊座43上的电机吊杆44连接于构架10上，而防落座46和防落销47的设置，可以在电机吊杆44脱离构架10时，不会使得电机42掉落。
在一个实施例中，驱动装置40由齿轮机构41、电机42、防落座46、电机吊座43、电机吊杆44、防落销47以及电机悬挂橡胶套45组成，齿轮机构41布置于两个车轮32内侧，一侧通过齿轮箱轴承抱轴悬挂于车轴31上，另一侧与电机42连接，电机42布置于两个车轮32中间，齿轮机构41可采用平行齿轮传动结构。电机吊杆44上均安装有电机悬挂橡胶套45以减缓电机42的振动与冲击。为防止电机42脱落，设置有防落销47，保证驱动装置40的安全性。
在一个实施例中，如图7和图9所示，制动装置50为基础制动装置，制动装置50包括轮盘制动器51和踏面制动器52，轮盘制动器51和踏面制动器52均连接于构架10，转向架还包括二系悬挂装置70，二系悬挂装置70包括：二系横向减振器71，二系横向减振器71的两端分别连接侧梁11和车体1，二系横向减振器71为两个，两个二系横向减振器71对角分布，且分别连接两个侧梁11；二系橡胶堆72，二系橡胶堆72设置在侧梁11上；二系横向止挡73，二系横向止挡73设置在侧梁11上，二系横向止挡73的一端与车体1相对设置；其中，制动装置50安装于构架10的中部，且靠近二系悬挂装置70。
在一个实施例中，基础制动装置采用单侧踏面制动单元，制动单元布置于转向架中部，每个转向架配有四组踏面制动单元，其中有两组踏面制动单元具有停放制动功能。该基础制动装置主要由常用制动单元(即轮盘制动器51)、停放制动单元(即踏面制动器52)以及闸瓦等组成。其中，第一端梁12预留了轮盘制动装置的安装空间。
在一个实施例中，二系悬挂装置70采用二系橡胶堆72，二系橡胶堆72垂向刚度4.85kN/mm，静挠度12mm。构架10每侧设置两组二系橡胶堆72，纵向布置在侧梁11中心线上；二系横向减振器71在构架10每侧各设一个，斜对称布置。在侧梁11外侧各设置有一个二系横向止挡73。
在一个实施例中，如图1和图10所示，转向架还包括排石撒砂装置80，排石撒砂装置80包括：固定架81，固定架81连接于构架10上；安装座82，安装座82与固定架81相连接，且相对于固定架81位置可调地设置；排石管83，排石管83连接于安装座82上； 连接架84，连接架84与安装座82相连接，且相对于固定架81位置可调地设置；撒砂管85，撒砂管85设置在连接架84上；撒砂支架86，撒砂支架86与撒砂管85相连接；其中，连接架84与安装座82相对于固定架81同步移动，以使排石管83和撒砂管85同步移动。
具体的，排石管83和撒砂管85属于同步位置调整，即根据与轨面之间的距离，由于安装座82和连接架84相连接，从而实现了安装座82和连接架84同步相对于固定架81的移动，以此实现排石管83和撒砂管85的同步移动。
在一个实施例中，如图10所示，固定架81和连接架84上可设置有条形孔89，螺栓穿设在条形孔89内，并通过第二螺母88固定，因此，在进行位置调整时，将第二螺母88松开，从而使得连接架84相对于固定架81移动，以此使得排石管83和撒砂管85的同步移动。
在一个实施例中，如图10所示，固定架81上可设置有多个圆孔90，螺栓穿过安装座82后穿设在某个圆孔90内，并通过第一螺母87固定，在进行位置调整时，将第一螺母87松开，从而使得安装座82相对于固定架81移动，以此使得排石管83和撒砂管85的同步移动，并将螺栓穿设在另外的圆孔90内，通过第一螺母87固定。
本公开的一个实施例还提供了一种机车，请参考图11，包括上述的转向架和车体1。
在一个实施例中，车体1的底架下部布置两个转向架、主变流柜、燃油箱以及电池等。
在一个实施例中，转向架是一种适用轻型调车机车的动力转向架，转向架适用于机车长度≤15000mm、轴重15t～18t、B0-B0轴式、最大速度80km/h、单轴牵引力≤62.5kN、牵引电机功率≤200kW、最小曲线半径R100m、转向架纵向尺寸≤4200mm(不含牵引装置)的轻型调车机车，满足欧洲动态限界和国内铁路限界要求。
机车的车体下部沿纵向布置有主变流柜、燃料箱等部件，车体下部空间占用较多，转向架纵向尺寸被限制在相对较小的空间内，该转向架需要在保证各承载部件强度要求、各运动部件功能正常发挥、动力学性能良好的前提下，转向架需要设计合理的结构布局、合适的轴距、合适的牵引方式和构架结构。机车车体底架上部需要更大空间用于机车管路、电路等布置需求，需要转向架悬挂系统采用一系软、二系硬的悬挂参数，造成了一系悬挂系统采用弹簧加单拉杆结构不能提供足够的轮对横向定位刚度。若采用弹簧加双拉杆轮对定位结构又相对复杂并且占用一定的纵向空间尺寸。因此采用大挠度的一系弹簧和三角形轴箱拉杆结构配合，可实现一系软和合适的轮对横向定位刚度。转向架结构能够满足基础制动装置踏面制动和轮盘制动两种制动方式安装。转向架轮缘润滑装置采用油气轮缘润滑技术，润滑脂为可降解材料减少对环境产生的影响。转向架的油漆部件全部采用水性涂料 降低了对环境的污染。
本领域技术人员在考虑说明书及实践这里公开的发明后，将容易想到本公开的其它实施方案。本公开旨在涵盖本发明的任何变型、用途或者适应性变化，这些变型、用途或者适应性变化遵循本公开的一般性原理并包括本公开未公开的本技术领域中的公知常识或惯用技术手段。说明书和示例实施方式仅被视为示例性的，本公开的真正范围和精神由前面的权利要求指出。
应当理解的是，本公开并不局限于上面已经描述并在附图中示出的精确结构，并且可以在不脱离其范围进行各种修改和改变。本公开的范围仅由所附的权利要求来限制。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种转向架，其特征在于，包括：
    构架(10)，所述构架(10)包括两个侧梁(11)、第一端梁(12)和第二端梁(13)，所述第一端梁(12)形成有第一凹陷(121)和第二凹陷(122)，所述第一凹陷(121)位于所述第一端梁(12)的上部，所述第一端梁(12)向下凸出，所述第二凹陷(122)位于所述第一端梁(12)的侧部；
    牵引装置(20)，所述牵引装置(20)的两端分别连接所述第一端梁(12)和车体(1)，所述牵引装置(20)的一端位于所述第一端梁(12)的下部，以使所述牵引装置(20)倾斜设置，所述第二凹陷(122)的开口朝向所述牵引装置(20)的另一端所在方向；
    轮轴装置(30)，所述轮轴装置(30)连接于所述构架(10)上；
    驱动装置(40)，所述驱动装置(40)连接于所述构架(10)上，且与所述轮轴装置(30)驱动连接；
    制动装置(50)，所述制动装置(50)连接于所述构架(10)上。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的转向架，其特征在于，所述第一端梁(12)包括：
    上盖板(123)，所述上盖板(123)形成有所述第一凹陷(121)；
    下盖板(124)，所述下盖板(124)与所述上盖板(123)相对设置，所述下盖板(124)为弯板，且朝向远离所述上盖板(123)的方向凸出；
    立板(125)，所述立板(125)的两端分别连接所述上盖板(123)和所述下盖板(124)；
    其中，所述上盖板(123)、所述下盖板(124)以及所述立板(125)形成所述第二凹陷(122)，所述牵引装置(20)的一端位于所述下盖板(124)的下部。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的转向架，其特征在于，所述牵引装置(20)包括牵引杆(21)、车体牵引座(22)、转向架牵引座(23)、两个牵引橡胶关节(24)以及两个托盘(25)，所述车体牵引座(22)和所述转向架牵引座(23)分别通过相应的所述牵引橡胶关节(24)和所述托盘(25)连接于所述牵引杆(21)的两端，所述车体牵引座(22)与所述车体(1)相连接，所述第一端梁(12)还包括：
    牵引座板(126)，所述牵引座板(126)与所述下盖板(124)相连接，且所述下盖板(124)插设在所述牵引座板(126)内，所述转向架牵引座(23)与所述牵引座板(126)相连接；
    加强筋(127)，所述加强筋(127)连接所述下盖板(124)和所述立板(125)。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的转向架，其特征在于，所述上盖板(123)包括：
    第一板段(1231)；
    第二板段(1232)，所述第二板段(1232)为弯板，所述第二板段(1232)为两个，两个所述第二板段(1232)分别连接于所述第一板段(1231)的两端；
    第三板段(1233)，所述第三板段(1233)为直板，所述第三板段(1233)为两个，两个所述第三板段(1233)分别连接两个所述第二板段(1232)远离所述第一板段(1231)的一端，所述第三板段(1233)的上表面高于所述第一板段(1231)的上表面，所述第三板段(1233)的下方具有预留空间；
    其中，所述制动装置(50)为轮盘制动装置，所述制动装置(50)安装于所述预留空间内。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的转向架，其特征在于，所述轮轴装置(30)包括车轴(31)、两个车轮(32)以及两个轴箱(33)，两个所述车轮(32)间隔设置在所述车轴(31)上，两个所述轴箱(33)分别设置在所述车轴(31)的两端，所述转向架还包括一系悬挂装置(60)，所述一系悬挂装置(60)包括：
    轴箱拉杆(61)，所述轴箱拉杆(61)的两端分别连接所述构架(10)和所述轴箱(33)；
    一系悬挂弹簧(62)，所述一系悬挂弹簧(62)的两端分别连接所述构架(10)和所述轴箱(33)；
    一系垂向减振器(63)，所述一系垂向减振器(63)的两端分别连接所述构架(10)和所述轴箱(33)。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的转向架，其特征在于，两个所述车轮(32)之间的间距可调节地设置，所述轴箱(33)的安装位置为固定位置。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的转向架，其特征在于，所述构架(10)还包括横梁(14)，所述横梁(14)的两端分别连接两个所述侧梁(11)的中部，所述驱动装置(40)包括：
    齿轮机构(41)，所述齿轮机构(41)与所述轮轴装置(30)相连接；
    电机(42)，所述电机(42)与所述齿轮机构(41)驱动连接；
    电机吊座(43)，所述电机吊座(43)与所述电机(42)相连接；
    电机吊杆(44)，所述电机吊杆(44)通过电机悬挂橡胶套(45)与所述电机吊座(43)相连接，所述电机吊杆(44)与所述横梁(14)相连接；
    防落座(46)，所述防落座(46)设置在所述电机(42)上；
    防落销(47)，所述防落销(47)设置在所述横梁(14)上，以在所述电机吊杆(44) 脱离所述横梁(14)时，所述防落座(46)与所述防落销(47)限位接触。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的转向架，其特征在于，所述制动装置(50)为基础制动装置，所述制动装置(50)包括轮盘制动器(51)和踏面制动器(52)，所述轮盘制动器(51)和所述踏面制动器(52)均连接于所述构架(10)，所述转向架还包括二系悬挂装置(70)，所述二系悬挂装置(70)包括：
    二系横向减振器(71)，所述二系横向减振器(71)的两端分别连接所述侧梁(11)和所述车体(1)，所述二系横向减振器(71)为两个，两个所述二系横向减振器(71)对角分布，且分别连接两个所述侧梁(11)；
    二系橡胶堆(72)，所述二系橡胶堆(72)设置在所述侧梁(11)上；
    二系横向止挡(73)，所述二系横向止挡(73)设置在侧梁(11)上，所述二系横向止挡(73)的一端与所述车体(1)相对设置；
    其中，所述制动装置(50)安装于所述构架(10)的中部，且靠近所述二系悬挂装置(70)。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的转向架，其特征在于，所述转向架还包括排石撒砂装置(80)，所述排石撒砂装置(80)包括：
    固定架(81)，所述固定架(81)连接于所述构架(10)上；
    安装座(82)，所述安装座(82)与所述固定架(81)相连接，且相对于所述固定架(81)位置可调地设置；
    排石管(83)，所述排石管(83)连接于所述安装座(82)上；
    连接架(84)，所述连接架(84)与所述安装座(82)相连接，且相对于所述固定架(81)位置可调地设置；
    撒砂管(85)，所述撒砂管(85)设置在所述连接架(84)上；
    撒砂支架(86)，所述撒砂支架(86)与所述撒砂管(85)相连接；
    其中，所述连接架(84)与所述安装座(82)相对于所述固定架(81)同步移动，以使所述排石管(83)和所述撒砂管(85)同步移动。
  10. 一种机车，其特征在于，包括权利要求1至9中任一所述的转向架和车体(1)。
PCT/CN2021/108244 2020-09-09 2021-07-23 转向架及具有其的机车 WO2022052652A1 (zh)

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