WO2022041549A1 - 卷扬加压与油缸加压共存的旋挖钻机及其运输方法 - Google Patents

卷扬加压与油缸加压共存的旋挖钻机及其运输方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022041549A1
WO2022041549A1 PCT/CN2020/133962 CN2020133962W WO2022041549A1 WO 2022041549 A1 WO2022041549 A1 WO 2022041549A1 CN 2020133962 W CN2020133962 W CN 2020133962W WO 2022041549 A1 WO2022041549 A1 WO 2022041549A1
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Prior art keywords
mast
wire rope
winch
drilling rig
rotary drilling
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PCT/CN2020/133962
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈玉磊
杨龙君
赵涤辉
胡阔
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上海中联重科桩工机械有限公司
中联重科股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2022041549A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022041549A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B19/00—Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables
    • E21B19/08—Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables; Apparatus for increasing or decreasing the pressure on the drilling tool; Apparatus for counterbalancing the weight of the rods
    • E21B19/084—Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables; Apparatus for increasing or decreasing the pressure on the drilling tool; Apparatus for counterbalancing the weight of the rods with flexible drawing means, e.g. cables
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B15/00—Supports for the drilling machine, e.g. derricks or masts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B19/00—Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables
    • E21B19/08—Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables; Apparatus for increasing or decreasing the pressure on the drilling tool; Apparatus for counterbalancing the weight of the rods
    • E21B19/086—Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables; Apparatus for increasing or decreasing the pressure on the drilling tool; Apparatus for counterbalancing the weight of the rods with a fluid-actuated cylinder
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B3/00—Rotary drilling
    • E21B3/02—Surface drives for rotary drilling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of pile foundation construction equipment, in particular to a rotary drilling rig with coexistence of hoisting pressurization and oil cylinder pressurization and a transportation method thereof.
  • rotary drilling rigs can be divided into two types according to the pressurization method: cylinder pressurized rotary drilling rigs and winch pressurized rotary drilling rigs. These two pressurized rotary drilling rigs have their own advantages and disadvantages.
  • Cylinder pressurization is rigid pressurization, which has high structural strength and high pressurization force; compared with hoist pressurization, it occupies less space, and has a simpler, safer and more reliable structure; low failure rate, low use and maintenance costs; simple operation, Convenient.
  • Rotary drilling rigs pressurized by oil cylinders cannot achieve the effect of pulse pressurization due to the rigid pressurization method.
  • the reaction force transmitted to the formation cannot be relieved, especially when drilling into the rock, the impact force and vibration of the buffer rock on the drilling tool cannot be absorbed. It is easy to cause violent vibration of the mast and the fuselage, resulting in cracking and damage of structural parts, reducing the service life of the whole machine.
  • the cylinder pressurization makes its pressurization stroke short, which cannot meet the requirements of the lower long casing operation. Therefore, the rotary drilling rig pressurized by the oil cylinder is more suitable for the drilling operation in the soft formation.
  • the hoist pressurization mainly adopts the pulley block wire rope pressurization, which belongs to the flexible pressurization. It can achieve the effect of pulse pressurization through the tension of the wire rope, effectively relieve the reaction force generated by drilling into the rock, reduce the impact on the mast, and prolong the use of the mast. Long life; its pressurizing stroke can reach the full stroke of the mast, which can meet the work of the lower casing. Therefore, the hoisting pressure is more suitable for drilling into the rock and under the conditions of the lower casing operation requirements.
  • the rotary drilling rig using winch pressurization is composed of winch, wire rope and pulley block.
  • the wire rope needs to be disassembled during the transportation of the whole machine, and the disassembly and assembly process of the wire rope is quite cumbersome. Due to its relatively complex structure and the flexible body of the steel wire rope, it is easy to interfere, collide and rub with other structural components, resulting in abnormal wear and tear of the steel wire rope, thus causing potential safety hazards during work.
  • the steel wire rope is a wearable part, which needs regular maintenance and replacement. Its own cost and later maintenance cost are higher than that of the oil cylinder pressurization method. Furthermore, due to the limited bearing capacity of the steel wire rope, it cannot bear a large pressure.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a rotary drilling rig with coexistence of hoisting pressurization and oil cylinder pressurization, which simultaneously has two pressurizing modes of oil cylinder pressurization and hoisting pressurization, which can be switched according to specific working conditions. way, the construction efficiency is high.
  • the present invention solves its technical problems by adopting the following technical solutions.
  • a rotary drilling rig with coexistence of hoisting pressurization and oil cylinder pressurization includes a mast and a power head movably arranged on the mast;
  • the power head connection is used to apply pressure to the power head, and the cylinder pressurization system is installed on the mast and connected to the power head to apply pressure to the power head; when the winch pressurization system is working, the cylinder pressurization system is separated from the power head; When the pressure system is working, the hoist pressure system floats and rotates together with the cylinder pressure system.
  • the winch pressurization system includes a pressurized winch, a first wire rope, a first fixed pulley group, a first moving pulley, a second steel wire rope, a second fixed pulley group and a second moving pulley; the first moving pulley and the second moving pulley are arranged in the power On the head, the pressurized hoist is arranged on the mast; one end of the first wire rope is wound on the pressurized winch, and the other end is drawn out from the pressurized winch and wound on the first fixed pulley block and the first movable pulley to connect with the mast, and the second wire rope is connected to the mast.
  • One end of the wire rope is wound on the pressure hoist, and the other end is drawn out from the pressure hoist and wound on the second fixed pulley block and the second movable pulley to connect with the mast.
  • the winding direction of the first wire rope and the second wire rope on the pressure hoist on the contrary.
  • the mast includes an upper mast, a middle mast and a lower mast connected in sequence;
  • the pressurized winch is fixed on the center mast through the pressurized winch frame;
  • the first fixed pulley group includes a first fixed pulley and a second fixed pulley, and the first fixed pulley and the second fixed pulley are arranged on the upper mast;
  • the first wire rope is wound on the second fixed pulley, the first movable pulley and the first fixed pulley in turn after being drawn out from the pressure hoisting and connected to the upper mast;
  • the second fixed pulley group includes a set of The third fixed pulley and the second wire rope of the mast are drawn out from the pressurized hoist and wound on the third fixed pulley and the second movable pulley in turn to be connected with the lower mast.
  • the hoisting pressurization system also includes a wire rope tensioning oil cylinder and a rope pressing device, the wire rope tensioning oil cylinder is fixed on the upper mast and is located between the first certain pulley and the middle mast, and the rope pressing device is fixed on the lower mast; After the pressure winch is drawn out, it is wound on the second fixed pulley, the first movable pulley and the first fixed pulley in turn to connect with the wire rope tensioning cylinder, and the second wire rope is drawn out from the pressure winch and wound on the third fixed pulley and The second movable pulley is connected with the rope pressing device.
  • the number of the first certain pulleys is two, and each first certain pulley is fixed to the end of the upper mast away from the middle mast through a first shaft, and the two first certain pulleys are arranged side by side and the arrangement direction is the same as the length of the upper mast.
  • the extension direction is vertical.
  • the second fixed pulley is disposed on the first shaft coaxially with one of the first fixed pulleys.
  • first movable pulley and the second movable pulley are arranged side by side and the arrangement direction is parallel to the length extension direction of the middle mast, the first movable pulley is closer to the upper mast than the second movable pulley; the axial direction of the first movable pulley and the second movable pulley The axial direction of the first certain pulley is vertical.
  • the third fixed pulley is fixed to the lower mast through the third shaft, and the third fixed pulley and the lower mast form an included angle of ⁇ , where the range of ⁇ is 20° ⁇ 30°.
  • the power head includes a frame on which a pressurized oil cylinder connecting lug is fixed; the pressurized oil cylinder is fixed on the middle mast through the upper fixed seat of the pressurized oil cylinder and the lower fixed seat of the pressurized oil cylinder, and one end of the pressurized oil cylinder passes through the middle mast.
  • the second shaft is connected with the connecting lug of the pressurized oil cylinder.
  • the invention also provides a method for transporting a rotary drilling rig with coexistence of hoisting pressurization and oil cylinder pressurization.
  • the rotary drilling rig includes a mast and a power head movably arranged on the mast; the rotary drilling rig also includes a hoisting and pressurizing system and an oil cylinder Pressurization system, the hoisting pressurization system is connected with the power head through the first wire rope and the second wire rope, the oil cylinder pressurization system is connected with the power head through the pressurized oil cylinder, and the mast includes an upper mast, a middle mast and a lower mast connected in sequence.
  • the transportation methods of the drilling rig include:
  • the pressurized oil cylinder and the power head are separated, the first wire rope and the second wire rope are in a loose state, the power head is placed on the lower mast, and the upper mast and the lower mast are respectively arranged along their lines with the middle mast.
  • the hinge points are folded.
  • the hoisting pressurization system includes a pressurized hoist, one end of the first wire rope is wound around the pressurized hoist, and the other end is drawn out from the pressurized hoist and then wound on the first movable pulley on the power head and then connected to the mast, One end of the second wire rope is wound around the pressurized hoist, and the other end is drawn out from the pressurized hoist and then wound on the power head with a second movable pulley, which is then connected to the mast;
  • the method for placing the first wire rope and the second wire rope in a slack state includes: disassembling the connecting end of the second wire rope on the mast, so that the second wire rope is in a relaxed state; rotating the pressurized hoisting, so that the first wire rope is in a relaxed state condition;
  • the method of folding the upper mast and the lower mast along its hinge point with the middle mast comprises: removing the connecting bolts connecting the lower mast and the middle mast, and lowering the upper mast and the middle mast so that the height of the mast meets the transport height; removing the upper mast The connecting bolts connected with the middle mast, while turning the pressure winch to loosen the first wire rope, fold the upper mast at the same time, so that the rotary drilling rig can meet the transportation length.
  • the rotary drilling rig of the present invention with coexistence of winch pressurization and oil cylinder pressurization includes a mast and a power head movably arranged on the mast; the rotary drilling rig also includes a winch pressurization system and an oil cylinder pressurization system, and the winch pressurization system It is connected with the power head to apply pressure to the power head, and the oil cylinder pressurization system is installed on the mast to connect with the power head to apply pressure to the power head; when the winch pressurization system is working, the oil cylinder pressurization system is separated from the power head; the oil cylinder When the pressurization system is working, the hoist pressurization system floats and rotates together with the cylinder pressurization system.
  • the rotary drilling rig is equipped with a winch pressurization system and a cylinder pressurization system at the same time, and has two pressurization modes: winch pressurization and cylinder pressurization. It is insufficient to adapt to drilling operations in different working conditions and strata, and has high construction efficiency.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotary drilling rig with coexistence of hoisting pressurization and oil cylinder pressurization according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the winding method of the wire rope of the hoisting and pressurizing system according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an upper mast in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4A is a schematic structural diagram of a lower mast in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IV-IV in Fig. 4A.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a power head in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the transport state of the rotary drilling rig in which the hoisting pressurization and the oil cylinder pressurization coexist according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the rotary drilling rig of the present invention with coexistence of winch pressure and oil cylinder pressure includes a main engine 101 and a mast 102 pivotally connected to the main engine 101.
  • the mast 102 can be opened to a substantially vertical state or Folded onto the host 101 .
  • a power head 16 is movably arranged on the mast 102 .
  • the rotary drilling rig with coexistence of winch pressurization and oil cylinder pressurization further includes a winch pressurization system 100 and an oil cylinder pressurization system 200 .
  • the hoisting and pressurizing system 100 includes a pressurizing hoist 2 , a first wire rope 4 , a first fixed pulley set 110 , a first movable pulley 17 , a second wire rope 19 , a second fixed pulley set 120 and a second movable pulley 18 .
  • the first movable pulley 17 and the second movable pulley 18 are arranged on the power head 16
  • the pressure winch 2 is arranged on the mast 102 .
  • the cylinder pressurization system 200 is arranged on the mast 102 and connected to the power head 16 . When the cylinder pressurization system 200 is working, the hoist pressurization system 100 floats and rotates together with the cylinder pressurization system 200 .
  • the rotary drilling rig of the present invention is equipped with a winch pressurization system 100 and an oil cylinder pressurization system 200 at the same time, and has two pressurization modes: winch pressurization and cylinder pressurization, so as to adapt to drilling operations in different working conditions and different formations, High construction efficiency.
  • the mast 102 includes an upper mast 9, a middle mast 3 and a lower mast 20 which are connected in sequence.
  • the pressurized winch 2 is fixed on the middle mast 3 through the pressurized winch frame 1, the pressurized winch frame 1 is embedded in the middle mast 3 and connected by welding, and the pressurized winch 2 is connected with the pressurized winch frame 1 by bolts. .
  • the first fixed pulley group 110 includes a first fixed pulley 6 and a second fixed pulley 8 .
  • the first fixed pulley 6 and the second fixed pulley 8 are arranged on the upper mast 9 , for example, are arranged at the end of the upper mast 9 away from the middle mast 3 .
  • the first wire rope 4 is drawn out from the pressure winch 2 , it is wound on the second fixed pulley 8 , the first movable pulley 17 and the first fixed pulley 6 in turn and is connected to the upper mast 9 .
  • the hoisting and pressurizing system 100 also includes a wire rope tensioning cylinder 5, and the wire rope tensioning cylinder 5 is fixed on the upper mast 9 and is located between the first certain pulley 6 and the middle mast 3, that is, when the mast 102 is placed vertically, the wire rope
  • the tensioning cylinder 5 is located below the first fixed pulley 6
  • the first movable pulley 17 is located below the wire rope tensioning cylinder 5 .
  • the first wire rope 4 is drawn out from the pressure hoisting 2 and wound on the second fixed pulley 8 , the first movable pulley 17 and the first fixed pulley 6 in turn, and is connected to the wire rope tensioning cylinder 5 .
  • the second fixed pulley set 120 includes a third fixed pulley 21 disposed on the lower mast 20 , and the second wire rope 19 is drawn out from the pressure winch 2 and wound on the third fixed pulley 21 and the second movable pulley 18 in turn to connect with the lower mast 20 .
  • the hoisting pressing system 100 further includes a rope pressing device 23 , and the rope pressing device 23 is fixed on the lower mast 20 , for example, at the end of the lower mast 20 away from the middle mast 3 .
  • the second wire rope 19 is drawn out from the pressure hoisting 2 and wound on the third fixed pulley 21 and the second movable pulley 18 in turn to be connected to the rope pressing device 23 .
  • the wire rope tensioning cylinder 5 and the rope pressing device 23 can be arranged interchangeably, that is, the wire rope tensioning oil cylinder 5 can be replaced by a rope pressing device, and the rope pressing device 23 can be replaced by a wire rope tensioning oil cylinder .
  • the number of the first fixed pulleys 6 is two, and each first fixed pulley 6 is fixed to the upper end of the upper mast 9 through a first shaft 7 , wherein the two first fixed pulleys 6 are side by side.
  • the arrangement and arrangement direction is perpendicular to the lengthwise extension direction of the upper mast 9 , that is, when the mast 102 is placed vertically, the two first fixed pulleys 6 are laterally arranged side by side, and the axial directions of the two first fixed pulleys 6 are parallel to each other.
  • the second fixed pulley 8 is disposed on the first shaft 7 coaxially with one of the first fixed pulleys 6 . Specifically in this embodiment, the second fixed pulley 8 is coaxially arranged with the first fixed pulley 6 on the side close to the drill pipe 12 (away from the main machine 101 ).
  • first movable pulley 17 and the second movable pulley 18 are arranged side by side and the arrangement direction is parallel to the lengthwise extension direction of the middle mast 3.
  • the first movable pulley 17 is closer to the upper mast 9 than the second movable pulley 18; that is, when the mast 102 is placed vertically
  • the first movable pulley 17 and the second movable pulley 18 are also arranged vertically side by side, wherein the first movable pulley 17 is located above the second movable pulley 18 .
  • first movable pulley 17 and the second movable pulley 18 are parallel and perpendicular to the axial direction of the first fixed pulley 6 .
  • the third fixed pulley 21 is fixed to the lower mast 20 through the third shaft 22 , and the third fixed pulley 21 and the lower mast 20 form an included angle of ⁇ , that is, the plane where the third fixed pulley 21 is located is the same as the lower mast 20 .
  • the plane on which the mast 102 and the drill pipe 12 are located is set at an included angle of ⁇ , and the third fixed pulley 21 is an offset pulley.
  • the range of ⁇ is 20° to 30°, and specifically, for example, 26°.
  • the third fixed pulley 21 and the lower mast 20 are arranged at an angle, which reduces the rope angle of the second wire rope 19 on the pressurized hoist 2 and avoids rope disorder.
  • the pressurizing stroke can reach the full stroke of the mast 102, so as to adapt to the operation of the lower casing.
  • the rope winding method of the two wire ropes 4 and 19 in the above-mentioned hoisting and pressing system 100 can save the wire rope length and the number of pulleys compared with the traditional rope winding method.
  • the power head 16 includes a frame 161 on which the pressurized oil cylinder connecting lugs 15 are fixed; the pressurized oil cylinder 11 is fixed by the pressurized oil cylinder upper fixing seat 10 and the pressurized oil cylinder lower The seat 13 is fixed on the middle mast 3 , and one end of the pressurizing oil cylinder 11 is connected to the pressurizing oil cylinder connecting lug 15 through the second shaft 14 .
  • the pressurized oil cylinder upper fixed seat 10 and the pressurized oil cylinder lower fixed seat 13 are fixed on the middle mast 3 by bolts, and the pressurized oil cylinder upper fixed seat 10 is closer to the upper mast 9 than the pressurized oil cylinder lower fixed seat 13 .
  • the connecting lugs 15 of the pressurized oil cylinder are welded on the frame 161 of the power head 16 .
  • the second shaft 14 is arranged on the connecting lug 15 of the pressurized oil cylinder.
  • the frame 161 is also provided with a shock absorbing device, a transmission box, a pressure plate, etc., which are well known to those skilled in the art and will not be repeated here.
  • the working principle of the rotary drilling rig with coexistence of hoisting pressurization and oil cylinder pressurization of the present invention is:
  • one end of the first wire rope 4 is fixed on the right side of the pressurized hoist 2, wound three times counterclockwise, and then passes upward through the middle mast 3 and the upper mast 9, and then goes around the second fixed pulley in turn.
  • the first movable pulley 17 and the first fixed pulley 6 are finally fixed on the wire rope tensioning cylinder 5 .
  • One end of the second wire rope 19 is fixed on the left side of the pressurized winch 2, wound three times clockwise, and then passes downward through the middle mast 3 and the lower mast 20, and then goes around the third fixed pulley 21 and the second movable pulley 18 in turn, and finally It is fixed on the rope pressing device 23 .
  • the present invention also relates to the above-mentioned transportation method of the rotary drilling rig with coexistence of hoisting pressure and oil cylinder pressure.
  • the power head 16 is placed on the lower mast 20 and the upper 9 and lower 20 masts are each folded along their hinge points with the middle mast 3 .
  • the rotary drilling rig needs to go through four steps from the working state (as shown in FIG. 1 ) to the transport state (as shown in FIG. 6 ).
  • the second shaft 14 is removed to separate the pressurized oil cylinder 11 from the power head 16 .
  • the second step is to loosen the pressing plate of the rope pressing device 23, and disassemble the second wire rope 19 from the fixed end of the rope pressing device 23, so that the second wire rope 19 is in a relaxed state.
  • the pressure winch 2 is rotated counterclockwise as shown in FIG. 2 , so that the first wire rope 4 is in a relaxed state.
  • the fourth step is to place the power head 16 at the lowest point of the lower mast 20, and the upper mast 9 and the lower mast 20 are respectively folded along their hinge points with the middle mast 3, so that the transport state can be achieved, and the rotary drilling rig can be connected without dismantling the wire rope. Purpose of transit.
  • the method of folding the upper mast 9 and the lower mast 20 along their hinge points with the middle mast 3 includes: removing the connecting bolts connecting the lower mast 20 and the middle mast 3, and dropping the upper mast 9 and the middle mast 3 to make the mast 102 Satisfy the transportation height; remove the connecting bolts connecting the upper mast 9 and the middle mast 3, at this time, while turning the pressure winch 2 counterclockwise to loosen the first wire rope 4, fold the upper mast 9, so that the rotary drilling rig meets the transportation length.
  • the rotary drilling rig of the present invention only needs to disassemble the fixed end of the second wire rope 19 (that is, the rope presser 23) in the transport state, and does not need to completely disassemble the second wire rope 19 and the first wire rope 4 from the mast 102; Furthermore, the rope winding method of the two wire ropes 4 and 19 of the hoisting and pressing system 100 adopts the wire rope tensioning oil cylinder 5 on the upper side and the wire rope fixing point (ie the rope pressing device 23) on the lower side, which is easy to disassemble and only needs four steps. The transportation status is reached, which increases the convenience of transportation transition.
  • the rotary drilling rig with coexistence of winch pressurization and oil cylinder pressurization of the present invention is equipped with a winch pressurization system and an oil cylinder pressurization system, and has two pressurization modes of winch pressurization and cylinder pressurization, and two pressurization modes. They can be switched to each other, so as to make use of their respective advantages and avoid their shortcomings, so as to adapt to the drilling operations of different construction methods and different strata, and the construction efficiency is high.

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Abstract

一种卷扬加压与油缸加压共存的旋挖钻机及其运输方法，包括桅杆(102)和活动设置在桅杆(102)上的动力头(16)；旋挖钻机还包括卷扬加压系统(100)和油缸加压系统(200)，卷扬加压系统(100)与动力头(16)连接用于给动力头(16)施加压力，油缸加压系统(200)设置在桅杆(102)上与动力头(16)连接用于给动力头(16)施加压力；卷扬加压系统(100)工作时，油缸加压系统(200)与动力头(16)分离；油缸加压系统(200)工作时，卷扬加压系统(100)浮动跟随油缸加压系统(200)一起转动。该旋挖钻机同时具备卷扬加压和油缸加压两种加压方式，两种加压方式可以相互切换，从而利用其各自的优点，避开其不足，以适应不同工况和不同地层的钻进作业，施工效率高。同时，旋挖钻机在运输时，可将桅杆(102)沿其铰接点折叠，便于旋挖钻机的运输。

Description

卷扬加压与油缸加压共存的旋挖钻机及其运输方法 技术领域
本发明涉及桩基础施工设备技术领域，尤其涉及一种卷扬加压与油缸加压共存的旋挖钻机及其运输方法。
背景技术
目前，旋挖钻机按照加压方式可分为两种：油缸加压的旋挖钻机和卷扬加压的旋挖钻机。这两种加压方式的旋挖钻机各有优缺点。
油缸加压为刚性加压，其结构强度高，加压力度大；相对于卷扬加压占用空间少，结构更简单、安全、可靠；故障率低，使用、维护保养成本低；操作简单、便捷。
采用油缸加压的旋挖钻机，由于其加压方式为刚性加压，无法达到脉冲加压的效果。在钻进时，对地层所传递的反作用力无法缓解，特别在钻进岩石时无法吸收缓冲岩石对钻具的冲击力和振动。容易引起桅杆和机身剧烈振动，造成结构件开裂破坏，降低整机使用寿命。油缸加压还由于自身结构特点，使得其加压行程短，无法满足下长护筒作业的要求。因此，采用油缸加压的旋挖钻机更适用于软地层的钻进作业。
卷扬加压主要采用滑轮组钢丝绳加压，属于柔性加压，可以通过钢丝绳的拉力达到脉冲加压的效果，有效的缓解钻进岩石所产生的反作用力，降低对桅杆的冲击，延长桅杆的使用寿命；其加压行程可达到桅杆的全行程，可满足下护筒的工作作业。因此，卷扬加压更适应于对岩石的钻进，和有下护筒作业要求的情况。
采用卷扬加压的旋挖钻机，其加压装置由卷扬、钢丝绳、滑轮组所组成，整机运输过程中需要拆卸钢丝绳，且钢丝绳的拆卸、装配过程相当繁琐。由于自身结构相对复杂，钢丝绳又为柔性体，容易和其他结构件干涉、碰撞、摩擦，造成钢丝绳非正常磨损，从而在工作中产生安全隐患。另外钢丝绳为易磨损件，需要定期保养更换，其自身成本和后期维护保养成本均比油缸加压方式高。再者，由于钢丝绳的承载能力有限，故不能承受较大的加压力。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于，提供了一种卷扬加压与油缸加压共存的旋挖钻机，同时 具备油缸加压和卷扬加压两种加压方式，可以根据具体工况切换两种加压方式，施工效率高。
本发明解决其技术问题是采用以下的技术方案来实现的。
一种卷扬加压与油缸加压共存的旋挖钻机，包括桅杆和活动设置在桅杆上的动力头；旋挖钻机还包括卷扬加压系统和油缸加压系统，卷扬加压系统与动力头连接用于给动力头施加压力，油缸加压系统设置在桅杆上与动力头连接用于给动力头施加压力；卷扬加压系统工作时，油缸加压系统与动力头分离；油缸加压系统工作时，卷扬加压系统浮动跟随油缸加压系统一起转动。
进一步地，卷扬加压系统包括加压卷扬、第一钢丝绳、第一定滑轮组、第一动滑轮、第二钢丝绳、第二定滑轮组和第二动滑轮；第一动滑轮和第二动滑轮设置在动力头上，加压卷扬设置在桅杆上；第一钢丝绳的一端缠绕于加压卷扬、另一端由加压卷扬引出卷绕在第一定滑轮组和第一动滑轮上与桅杆连接，第二钢丝绳的一端缠绕于加压卷扬、另一端由加压卷扬引出卷绕在第二定滑轮组和第二动滑轮上与桅杆连接，第一钢丝绳与第二钢丝绳在加压卷扬上的缠绕方向相反。
进一步地，桅杆包括依次相连的上桅杆、中桅杆和下桅杆；加压卷扬通过加压卷扬机架固定在中桅杆；第一定滑轮组包括第一定滑轮和第二定滑轮，第一定滑轮和第二定滑轮设置在上桅杆；第一钢丝绳从加压卷扬引出后依次卷绕在第二定滑轮、第一动滑轮和第一定滑轮上与上桅杆连接；第二定滑轮组包括设置在下桅杆的第三定滑轮，第二钢丝绳从加压卷扬引出后依次卷绕在第三定滑轮和第二动滑轮上与下桅杆连接。
进一步地，卷扬加压系统还包括钢丝绳张紧油缸和压绳器，钢丝绳张紧油缸固定在上桅杆并位于第一定滑轮与中桅杆之间，压绳器固定在下桅杆；第一钢丝绳从加压卷扬引出后依次卷绕在第二定滑轮、第一动滑轮和第一定滑轮上与钢丝绳张紧油缸连接，第二钢丝绳从加压卷扬引出后依次卷绕在第三定滑轮和第二动滑轮上与压绳器连接。
进一步地，第一定滑轮的数量为两个，每个第一定滑轮通过一个第一轴固定在上桅杆远离中桅杆的一端，两个第一定滑轮并排设置且排列方向与上桅杆的长度延伸方向垂直。
进一步地，第二定滑轮与其中一个第一定滑轮同轴设置在第一轴上。
进一步地，第一动滑轮和第二动滑轮并排设置且排列方向与中桅杆的长度延 伸方向平行，第一动滑轮相较第二动滑轮更靠近上桅杆；第一动滑轮和第二动滑轮的轴向平行并与第一定滑轮的轴向垂直。
进一步地，第三定滑轮通过第三轴固定在下桅杆，第三定滑轮与下桅杆呈θ夹角，其中，θ的范围为20°～30°。
进一步地，动力头包括机架，机架上固定有加压油缸连接支耳；加压油缸通过加压油缸上固定座和加压油缸下固定座固定在中桅杆上，加压油缸的一端通过第二轴与加压油缸连接支耳连接。
本发明还提供一种卷扬加压与油缸加压共存的旋挖钻机的运输方法，旋挖钻机包括桅杆和活动设置在桅杆上的动力头；旋挖钻机还包括卷扬加压系统和油缸加压系统，卷扬加压系统通过第一钢丝绳和第二钢丝绳与动力头连接，油缸加压系统通过加压油缸与动力头连接，桅杆包括依次相连的上桅杆、中桅杆和下桅杆，旋挖钻机的运输方法包括：
旋挖钻机在运输时，将加压油缸与动力头分离，将第一钢丝绳与第二钢丝绳处于松驰状态，将动力头放置在下桅杆，以及将上桅杆与下桅杆各自沿其与中桅杆的铰接点折叠。
进一步地，卷扬加压系统包括加压卷扬，第一钢丝绳的一端缠绕于加压卷扬、另一端由加压卷扬引出后卷绕在动力头上的第一动滑轮再与桅杆连接，第二钢丝绳的一端缠绕于加压卷扬、另一端由加压卷扬引出后卷绕在动力头上的第二动滑轮再与桅杆连接；
其中，将第一钢丝绳与第二钢丝绳处于松驰状态的方法包括：将第二钢丝绳在桅杆上的连接端拆卸，让第二钢丝绳处于松弛状态；转动加压卷扬，使第一钢丝绳处于松弛状态；
将上桅杆与下桅杆各自沿其与中桅杆的铰接点折叠的方法包括：卸掉下桅杆与中桅杆连接的连接螺栓，倒下上桅杆和中桅杆使桅杆高度满足运输高度；卸掉上桅杆与中桅杆连接的连接螺栓，一边转动加压卷扬使第一钢丝绳松弛，一边折叠上桅杆，使旋挖钻机满足运输长度。
本发明的卷扬加压与油缸加压共存的旋挖钻机，包括桅杆和活动设置在桅杆上的动力头；旋挖钻机还包括卷扬加压系统和油缸加压系统，卷扬加压系统与动力头连接用于给动力头施加压力，油缸加压系统设置在桅杆上与动力头连接用于给动力头施加压力；卷扬加压系统工作时，油缸加压系统与动力头分离；油缸加 压系统工作时，卷扬加压系统浮动跟随油缸加压系统一起转动。旋挖钻机同时搭载卷扬加压系统和油缸加压系统，同时具备卷扬加压和油缸加压两种加压方式，两种加压方式可以相互切换，从而利用其各自的优点，避开其不足，以适应不同工况和不同地层的钻进作业，施工效率高。
附图说明
图1是本发明较佳实施例的卷扬加压与油缸加压共存的旋挖钻机的结构示意图。
图2是本发明较佳实施例的卷扬加压系统的钢丝绳缠绕方式示意图。
图3是本发明较佳实施例中上桅杆的结构示意图。
图4A是本发明较佳实施例中下桅杆的结构示意图。
图4B是沿图4A中Ⅳ-Ⅳ线的剖视图。
图5是本发明较佳实施例中动力头的结构示意图。
图6是本发明较佳实施例的卷扬加压与油缸加压共存的旋挖钻机的运输状态示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例，对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实施例用于说明本发明，但不用来限制本发明的范围。
如图1和图6所示，本发明的卷扬加压与油缸加压共存的旋挖钻机包括主机101和枢接于主机101上的桅杆102，桅杆102可打开至大致竖直的状态或者折叠至主机101上。桅杆102上活动设置有动力头16。
请一并参阅图1至图5，卷扬加压与油缸加压共存的旋挖钻机还包括卷扬加压系统100和油缸加压系统200。其中，卷扬加压系统100包括加压卷扬2、第一钢丝绳4、第一定滑轮组110、第一动滑轮17、第二钢丝绳19、第二定滑轮组120和第二动滑轮18。第一动滑轮17和第二动滑轮18设置在动力头16上，加压卷扬2设置在桅杆102上。第一钢丝绳4的一端缠绕于加压卷扬2、另一端由加压卷扬2引出卷绕在第一定滑轮组110和第一动滑轮17上与桅杆102连接；第二钢丝绳19的一端缠绕于加压卷扬2、另一端由加压卷扬2引出卷绕在第二定滑轮组120和第二动滑轮18上与桅杆102连接，其中第一钢丝绳4与第二钢 丝绳19在加压卷扬2上的缠绕方向相反。油缸加压系统200设置在桅杆102上与动力头16连接，油缸加压系统200工作时，卷扬加压系统100浮动跟随油缸加压系统200一起转动。
本发明的旋挖钻机同时搭载卷扬加压系统100和油缸加压系统200，同时具备卷扬加压和油缸加压两种加压方式，以适应不同工况、不同地层的钻进作业，施工效率高。
具体地，桅杆102包括依次相连的上桅杆9、中桅杆3和下桅杆20。加压卷扬2通过加压卷扬机架1固定在中桅杆3上，加压卷扬机架1例如嵌在中桅杆3上通过焊接的方式连接，加压卷扬2通过螺栓与加压卷扬机架1连接。
第一定滑轮组110包括第一定滑轮6和第二定滑轮8，第一定滑轮6和第二定滑轮8设置在上桅杆9，具体例如设置在上桅杆9远离中桅杆3的未端部。第一钢丝绳4从加压卷扬2引出后依次卷绕在第二定滑轮8、第一动滑轮17和第一定滑轮6上与上桅杆9连接。
进一步的，卷扬加压系统100还包括钢丝绳张紧油缸5，钢丝绳张紧油缸5固定在上桅杆9并位于第一定滑轮6与中桅杆3之间，即桅杆102竖向放置时，钢丝绳张紧油缸5位于第一定滑轮6的下方，第一动滑轮17位于钢丝绳张紧油缸5的下方。第一钢丝绳4从加压卷扬2引出后依次卷绕在第二定滑轮8、第一动滑轮17和第一定滑轮6上与钢丝绳张紧油缸5连接。
第二定滑轮组120包括设置在下桅杆20的第三定滑轮21，第二钢丝绳19从加压卷扬2引出后依次卷绕在第三定滑轮21和第二动滑轮18上与下桅杆20连接。
进一步的，卷扬加压系统100还包括压绳器23，压绳器23固定在下桅杆20，具体例如固定在下桅杆20远离中桅杆3的未端部。第二钢丝绳19从加压卷扬2引出后依次卷绕在第三定滑轮21和第二动滑轮18上与压绳器23连接。
在本发明其它实施例中，钢丝绳张紧油缸5与压绳器23可以互换设置，即钢丝绳张紧油缸5可以由一个压绳器替代，而压绳器23可以由一个钢丝绳张紧油缸替代。
进一步的，如图3所示，第一定滑轮6的数量为两个，每个第一定滑轮6通过一个第一轴7固定在上桅杆9上端，其中，两个第一定滑轮6并排设置且排列方向与上桅杆9的长度延伸方向垂直，即桅杆102竖向放置时两个第一定滑轮 6横向并排设置，两个第一定滑轮6的轴向方向相互平行。
进一步的，第二定滑轮8与其中一个第一定滑轮6同轴设置在第一轴7上。具体到本实施例中，第二定滑轮8与靠近钻杆12(远离主机101)一侧的第一定滑轮6同轴设置。
进一步的，第一动滑轮17和第二动滑轮18并排设置且排列方向与中桅杆3的长度延伸方向平行，第一动滑轮17相较第二动滑轮18更靠近上桅杆9；即桅杆102竖向放置时第一动滑轮17和第二动滑轮18也竖向并排设置，其中，第一动滑轮17位于第二动滑轮18上方。
进一步的，第一动滑轮17和第二动滑轮18的轴向平行并与第一定滑轮6的轴向垂直。
进一步的，如图4A和4B所示，第三定滑轮21通过第三轴22固定在下桅杆20，第三定滑轮21与下桅杆20呈θ夹角，即第三定滑轮21所在的平面与桅杆102和钻杆12所在的平面呈θ夹角设置，第三定滑轮21为偏置滑轮。其中，θ的范围为20°～30°，具体例如为26°。
本实施例中，第三定滑轮21与下桅杆20呈夹角设置，减小了第二钢丝绳19在加压卷扬2上的出绳角，避免了乱绳。
本发明的旋挖钻机在使用上述的卷扬加压系统100加压时，加压行程可达到桅杆102的全行程，以适应下护筒作业。上述的卷扬加压系统100中两条钢丝绳4、19的绕绳方式，相对于传统绕绳方式可节约钢丝绳长度和滑轮数量。
进一步地，如图5所示，动力头16包括机架161，机架161上固设有加压油缸连接支耳15；加压油缸11通过加压油缸上固定座10和加压油缸下固定座13固定在中桅杆3上，加压油缸11的一端通过第二轴14与加压油缸连接支耳15连接。
具体地，加压油缸上固定座10和加压油缸下固定座13通过螺栓固定在中桅杆3上，加压油缸上固定座10相较加压油缸下固定座13更靠近上桅杆9。加压油缸连接支耳15焊接在动力头16的机架161上。第二轴14设置在加压油缸连接支耳15上。
机架161上还设有减震装置、传动箱和压盘等，此为本领域技术人员所熟知，在此不再赘述。
本发明的卷扬加压与油缸加压共存的旋挖钻机，其工作原理是：
如图1和图2所示，第一钢丝绳4一端固定在加压卷扬2的右侧，逆时针缠绕三圈后向上穿过中桅杆3和上桅杆9，再依次绕过第二定滑轮8、第一动滑轮17、第一定滑轮6，最后固定在钢丝绳张紧油缸5上。第二钢丝绳19一端固定在加压卷扬2的左侧，顺时针缠绕三圈后向下穿过中桅杆3和下桅杆20，再依次绕过第三定滑轮21、第二动滑轮18，最后固定在压绳器23上。
在工作状态时，若旋挖钻机采用卷扬加压的方式工作，只需将加压油缸11连同加压油缸上固定座10和加压油缸下固定座13拆掉，即可进入卷扬加压的工作模式；若旋挖钻机采用油缸加压的方式工作时，只需让加压卷扬2处于“浮动”模式状态，让加压卷扬2能跟随加压油缸11的伸缩动作一起转动，即可进入油缸加压的工作模式，达到采用油缸加压不拆卸加压钢丝绳的目的。
本发明还涉及上述卷扬加压与油缸加压共存的旋挖钻机的运输方法，包括：将加压油缸11与动力头16分离，将第一钢丝绳4与第二钢丝绳19处于松驰状态，将动力头16放置在下桅杆20，以及将上桅杆9与下桅杆20各自沿其与中桅杆3的铰接点折叠。
具体地，旋挖钻机从工作状态(如图1所示)到运输状态(如图6所示)中间需要经过四步。
第一步，拆掉第二轴14，使加压油缸11与动力头16分离。
第二步，松掉压绳器23的压板，将第二钢丝绳19在压绳器23的固定端拆卸，让第二钢丝绳19处于松弛状态。
第三步，将加压卷扬2如图2所示逆时针转动，使第一钢丝绳4处于松弛状态。
第四步，将动力头16放置到下桅杆20的最低点，上桅杆9与下桅杆20各自沿其与中桅杆3的铰点折叠，就可以达到运输状态，实现不拆卸钢丝绳将旋挖钻机运输转场的目的。
其中，上桅杆9与下桅杆20各自沿其与中桅杆3的铰点折叠的方法包括：卸掉下桅杆20与中桅杆3连接的连接螺栓，倒下上桅杆9和中桅杆3使桅杆102满足运输高度；卸掉上桅杆9与中桅杆3连接的连接螺栓，此时一边逆时针转动加压卷扬2使第一钢丝绳4松弛，一边折叠上桅杆9，使旋挖钻机满足运输长度。
本发明的旋挖钻机在运输状态时只需将第二钢丝绳19的固定端(即压绳器23)拆卸下来，不需要将第二钢丝绳19和第一钢丝绳4在桅杆102上全部拆卸 下来；再有，卷扬加压系统100的两条钢丝绳4、19的绕绳方法采用钢丝绳张紧油缸5在上，钢丝绳固定点(即压绳器23)在下，便于拆卸，只需四步即可达到运输状态，增加了运输转场的便利度。
本发明的有益效果是：
本发明的卷扬加压与油缸加压共存的旋挖钻机搭载了卷扬加压系统和油缸加压系统，同时具备卷扬加压和油缸加压两种加压方式，两种加压方式可以相互切换，从而利用其各自的优点，避开其不足，以适应不同工法和不同地层的钻进作业，施工效率高。
本发明并不限于上述实施方式中的具体细节，在本发明的技术构思范围内，可以对本发明的技术方案进行多种简单变型，这些简单变型均属于本发明的保护范围。在上述具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特征，在不矛盾的情况下，可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合。为了避免不必要的重复，本发明对各种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种卷扬加压与油缸加压共存的旋挖钻机，包括桅杆(102)和活动设置在所述桅杆(102)上的动力头(16)；其特征在于，所述旋挖钻机还包括卷扬加压系统(100)和油缸加压系统(200)，所述卷扬加压系统(100)与所述动力头(16)连接用于给所述动力头(16)施加压力，所述油缸加压系统(200)设置在所述桅杆(102)上与所述动力头(16)连接用于给所述动力头(16)施加压力；所述卷扬加压系统(100)工作时，所述油缸加压系统(200)与所述动力头(16)分离；所述油缸加压系统(200)工作时，所述卷扬加压系统(100)浮动跟随所述油缸加压系统(200)一起转动。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的旋挖钻机，其特征在于，所述卷扬加压系统(100)包括加压卷扬(2)、第一钢丝绳(4)、第一定滑轮组(110)、第一动滑轮(17)、第二钢丝绳(19)、第二定滑轮组(120)和第二动滑轮(18)；所述第一动滑轮(17)和所述第二动滑轮(18)设置在所述动力头(16)上，所述加压卷扬(2)设置在所述桅杆(102)上；所述第一钢丝绳(4)的一端缠绕于所述加压卷扬(2)、另一端由所述加压卷扬(2)引出卷绕在所述第一定滑轮组(110)和所述第一动滑轮(17)上与所述桅杆(102)连接，所述第二钢丝绳(19)的一端缠绕于所述加压卷扬(2)、另一端由所述加压卷扬(2)引出卷绕在所述第二定滑轮组(120)和所述第二动滑轮(18)上与所述桅杆(102)连接，所述第一钢丝绳(4)与所述第二钢丝绳(19)在所述加压卷扬(2)上的缠绕方向相反
  3. 如权利要求2所述的旋挖钻机，其特征在于，所述桅杆(102)包括依次相连的上桅杆(9)、中桅杆(3)和下桅杆(20)；所述加压卷扬(2)通过加压卷扬机架(1)固定在所述中桅杆(3)；所述第一定滑轮组(110)包括第一定滑轮(6)和第二定滑轮(8)，所述第一定滑轮(6)和所述第二定滑轮(8)设置在所述上桅杆(9)；所述第一钢丝绳(4)从所述加压卷扬(2)引出后依次卷绕在所述第二定滑轮(8)、所述第一动滑轮(17)和所述第一定滑轮(6)上与所述上桅杆(9)连接；所述第二定滑轮组(120)包括设置在所述下桅杆(20)的第三定滑轮(21)，所述第二钢丝绳(19)从所述加压卷扬(2)引出后依次卷绕在所述第三定滑轮(21)和所述第二动滑轮(18)上与所述下桅杆(20)连接。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的旋挖钻机，其特征在于，所述卷扬加压系统(100)还包括钢丝绳张紧油缸(5)和压绳器(23)，所述钢丝绳张紧油缸(5)固定在所述上桅杆(9)并位于所述第一定滑轮(6)与所述中桅杆(3)之间，所述压绳器(23)固定在所述 下桅杆(20)；所述第一钢丝绳(4)从所述加压卷扬(2)引出后依次卷绕在所述第二定滑轮(8)、所述第一动滑轮(17)和所述第一定滑轮(6)上与所述钢丝绳张紧油缸(5)连接，所述第二钢丝绳(19)从所述加压卷扬(2)引出后依次卷绕在所述第三定滑轮(21)和所述第二动滑轮(18)上与所述压绳器(23)连接。
  5. 如权利要求3所述的旋挖钻机，其特征在于，所述第一定滑轮(6)的数量为两个，每个第一定滑轮(6)通过一个第一轴(7)固定在所述上桅杆(9)远离所述中桅杆(3)的一端，两个所述第一定滑轮(6)并排设置且排列方向与所述上桅杆(9)的长度延伸方向垂直。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的旋挖钻机，其特征在于，所述第二定滑轮(8)与其中一个所述第一定滑轮(6)同轴设置在所述第一轴(7)上。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的旋挖钻机，其特征在于，所述第一动滑轮(17)和第二动滑轮(18)并排设置且排列方向与所述中桅杆(3)的长度延伸方向平行，所述第一动滑轮(17)相较所述第二动滑轮(18)更靠近所述上桅杆(9)；所述第一动滑轮(17)和所述第二动滑轮(18)的轴向平行并与所述第一定滑轮(6)的轴向垂直。
  8. 如权利要求3所述的旋挖钻机，其特征在于，所述第三定滑轮(21)通过第三轴(22)固定在所述下桅杆(20)，所述第三定滑轮(21)与所述下桅杆(20)呈θ夹角，其中，θ的范围为20°～30°。
  9. 如权利要求3所述的旋挖钻机，其特征在于，所述动力头(16)包括机架(161)，所述机架(161)上固定有加压油缸连接支耳(15)；所述加压油缸(11)通过加压油缸上固定座(10)和加压油缸下固定座(13)固定在所述中桅杆(3)上，所述加压油缸(11)的一端通过第二轴(14)与所述加压油缸连接支耳(15)连接。
  10. 一种卷扬加压与油缸加压共存的旋挖钻机的运输方法，其特征在于，所述旋挖钻机包括桅杆(102)和活动设置在所述桅杆(102)上的动力头(16)；所述旋挖钻机还包括卷扬加压系统(100)和油缸加压系统(200)，所述卷扬加压系统(100)通过第一钢丝绳(4)和第二钢丝绳(19)与所述动力头(16)连接，所述油缸加压系统(200)通过加压油缸(11)与所述动力头(16)连接，所述桅杆(102)包括依次相连的上桅杆(9)、中桅杆(3)和下桅杆(20)，所述旋挖钻机的运输方法包括：
    所述旋挖钻机在运输时，将所述加压油缸(11)与所述动力头(16)分离，将所述第一钢丝绳(4)与所述第二钢丝绳(19)处于松驰状态，将所述动力头(16)放置在所述下桅杆(20)，以及将所述上桅杆(9)与所述下桅杆(20)各自沿其与所述中桅杆 (3)的铰接点折叠。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的运输方法，其特征在于，所述卷扬加压系统(100)包括加压卷扬(2)，所述第一钢丝绳(4)的一端缠绕于所述加压卷扬(2)、另一端由所述加压卷扬(2)引出后卷绕在所述动力头(16)上的第一动滑轮(17)再与所述桅杆(102)连接，所述第二钢丝绳(19)的一端缠绕于所述加压卷扬(2)、另一端由所述加压卷扬(2)引出后卷绕在所述动力头(16)上的第二动滑轮(18)再与所述桅杆(102)连接；
    其中，将所述第一钢丝绳(4)与所述第二钢丝绳(19)处于松驰状态的方法包括：将所述第二钢丝绳(19)在所述桅杆(102)上的连接端拆卸，让所述第二钢丝绳(19)处于松弛状态；转动所述加压卷扬(2)，使所述第一钢丝绳(4)处于松弛状态；
    将所述上桅杆(9)与所述下桅杆(20)各自沿其与所述中桅杆(3)的铰接点折叠的方法包括：卸掉所述下桅杆(20)与所述中桅杆(3)连接的连接螺栓，倒下所述上桅杆(9)和所述中桅杆(3)使所述桅杆(102)满足运输高度；卸掉所述上桅杆(9)与所述中桅杆(3)连接的连接螺栓，一边转动所述加压卷扬(2)使所述第一钢丝绳(4)松弛，一边折叠所述上桅杆(9)，使所述旋挖钻机满足运输长度。
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