WO2022024864A1 - Procédé de conception de lentille, dispositif de conception de lentille, programme informatique et lentille - Google Patents

Procédé de conception de lentille, dispositif de conception de lentille, programme informatique et lentille Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022024864A1
WO2022024864A1 PCT/JP2021/027093 JP2021027093W WO2022024864A1 WO 2022024864 A1 WO2022024864 A1 WO 2022024864A1 JP 2021027093 W JP2021027093 W JP 2021027093W WO 2022024864 A1 WO2022024864 A1 WO 2022024864A1
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incident
lens
light
required position
ray
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PCT/JP2021/027093
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
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ウレ ズ
アントニー ブカン
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国立大学法人京都大学
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Publication of WO2022024864A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022024864A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/10—Geometric CAD

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a lens design method, a lens design device, a computer program, and a lens.
  • chromatic aberration occurs because the refractive index depends on the wavelength. Chromatic aberration significantly reduces optical performance, especially in focused optical systems and imaging optical systems.
  • a method of correcting chromatic aberration for example, by arranging a plurality of lenses on the optical axis, the focal lengths of the rays of a plurality of wavelengths on the optical axis can be made the same.
  • Patent Document 1 a plurality of discontinuous areas are provided on the light incident surface or the light emitting surface, and a red filter film, a green filter film, or a blue filter film is arranged in each of the discontinuous areas to filter each color.
  • a lens that compensates for chromatic aberration by controlling the optical distances of red, green, and blue by a film is disclosed.
  • the conventional method for correcting chromatic aberration can adjust the focal length on the optical axis and improve chromatic aberration for a light flux with an incident angle of 0 °, but on a plane orthogonal to the optical axis. Since the adjustment of the focal length is not taken into consideration, the conventional method for correcting chromatic aberration cannot improve the chromatic aberration in the required entire field of view. As described above, conventionally, there is a limit to the combined adjustment of optical characteristics with only a single lens.
  • the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a lens design method, a lens design device, a computer program, and a lens capable of complexly adjusting optical characteristics.
  • the present application includes a plurality of means for solving the above-mentioned problems.
  • the vector of the refracted ray refracted by the incident ray is set for each incident point based on the optical path when the incident ray incident at each incident point reaches the required position on the image plane. It is specified and the shape of the incident surface of each lens element is determined based on the specified vector.
  • the optical characteristics can be adjusted in a complex manner.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the lens design device 100 of the present embodiment.
  • the lens design device 100 includes a control unit 11, an input unit 12, a storage unit 13, an incident point specifying unit 14, a normal vector specifying unit 15, a tangent plane specifying unit 16, an output unit 17, and a display panel 18 that control the entire device.
  • the operation unit 19 and the free curved surface determination unit 20 are provided.
  • the lens design device 100 can be configured by, for example, a personal computer (PC).
  • PC personal computer
  • the control unit 11 can be configured by a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a ROM (Read Only Memory), a RAM (Random Access Memory), and the like.
  • a CPU Central Processing Unit
  • ROM Read Only Memory
  • RAM Random Access Memory
  • the input unit 12 acquires input data.
  • the input data contains the parameters required for lens design.
  • the input data includes, for example, the thickness of the lens (specifically, the thickness of the portion where the thickness of the center and the peripheral portion of the lens is the same, that is, the thickness of the disk-shaped plate), the opening diameter, the field of view (viewing angle), and the incident. It includes the light distribution, segment structure, offset value, target position of the image plane (image plane), specific parameters that specify the function of the lens, and so on.
  • Specific parameters include incident angle, light wavelength, light phase, polarization (specifically, the azimuth angle of an electric or magnetic field vector due to polarized light), focal length, light intensity, and the like.
  • a segment is a region corresponding to each lens element when the lens is composed of a plurality of lens elements. Each segment is placed adjacent to each other.
  • the segments have a hexagonal shape, and by arranging each Sekhmet in a honeycomb shape, a high filling rate can be realized without gaps.
  • the shape of the segment is not limited to a hexagon, but may be a shape such as a triangle, a quadrangle, or a pentagon, or may be a fan shape or a ring shape (including a part of the ring).
  • the offset value is the distance between the starting point and the exit surface of the lens when a free curved surface (rotationally asymmetric free shape) of each segment is generated.
  • the input unit 12 has a function as a receiving unit, and is incident light rays incident on each of a plurality of segments arranged adjacent to each other following the plurality of lens elements, and a predetermined number of incident rays are incident on each of the plurality of incident angles. It can accept the setting of light rays. Details of the input data will be described later.
  • the storage unit 13 is composed of a semiconductor memory, a hard disk, or the like, and can store input data acquired by the input unit 12, data obtained as a result of processing by the lens design device 100, and the like.
  • the incident point specifying unit 14 identifies an incident point at which an incident ray based on the incident ray distribution is incident on each lens element. Details of the method of specifying the incident point will be described later.
  • the normal vector specifying unit 15 is a vector of refracted rays refracted by the incident rays based on an optical path for the incident rays incident at each incident point to reach a target position (required position) on the image plane for each segment. Is specified for each incident point. Details of the method for specifying the normal vector will be described later.
  • the tangent plane specifying unit 16 specifies a tangent plane that includes the specified incident point and is orthogonal to the normal vector. Details of the method for specifying the tangent plane will be described later.
  • the free-form surface determination unit 20 determines the shape of the incident surface of each lens element based on the specified incident point and normal vector for each segment.
  • the shape of the incident surface can be a free shape with rotational asymmetry.
  • the output unit 17 outputs output data.
  • the output data includes design data of a lens designed based on the input data, and specifically includes data and mathematical formulas for determining a free curved surface of each lens element.
  • the display panel 18 can be composed of a liquid crystal panel, an organic EL (ElectroLuminescence) display, or the like.
  • the operation unit 19 can be configured by a hardware keyboard, a mouse, or the like.
  • the operation unit 19 may be configured by a touch panel incorporated in the display panel 18.
  • the display panel 18 can display an input screen in which the lens designer (user) accepts the set value of a specific parameter that specifies the function according to the function of the lens.
  • the required positions (light irradiation points) on the image plane, such as each pixel of CCD (Charge Coupled Device) are arranged in a vertical and horizontal matrix, and at each required position. Any screen may be used as long as the screen can set the value of a specific parameter.
  • the set value of the specific parameter may be a specific value or a specific numerical range.
  • the set value of the specific parameter can be input by using the operation unit 19. Further, a plurality of candidates for the setting value of the specific parameter may be displayed in a selectable manner, and a required setting value may be selected from the displayed candidates.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a setting example of a specific parameter in the first embodiment.
  • the specific parameters are the wavelength of light (here, R (red), G (green), B (blue)) and the incident angle ⁇ of the incident light beam.
  • the specific parameter of the required position can be expressed as ( ⁇ R + ⁇ G + ⁇ B ) ( ⁇ 1 , 1).
  • the wavelength setting value (RGB) and the incident angle ⁇ setting value may be different for each required position.
  • the lens designer can set the wavelength and the incident angle, which are specific parameters, to the required values according to the function of the lens to be designed.
  • the wavelengths of R (red), G (green), and B (blue) may be specific values or may be in a specific range.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the structure of the lens of the present embodiment.
  • the lens includes a plurality of lens element groups, and each lens element group includes a plurality of lens elements.
  • each lens element has a hexagonal shape when viewed from the incident surface side, and each lens element is arranged adjacent to each other in a honeycomb shape. That is, the lens elements are arranged adjacent to each other.
  • three lens element groups set to transmit light rays having wavelengths corresponding to R (red), G (green), and B (blue) are arranged. That is, each lens element group includes a plurality of lens elements associated with different wavelengths (for example, R, G, B) for each lens element group.
  • the wavelength assigned to the lens element group is not limited to R, G, and B, and any color can be assigned.
  • the lens of this embodiment is optimally designed so that the incident surface of each lens element is a free shape with rotational asymmetry with respect to the plane (emission surface). Since each lens element is assigned one color (single color) of R, G, or B, it is sufficient to design the focus only for the assigned single color. As a result, each lens element does not cause the problem of chromatic aberration unlike natural light.
  • the lens (each lens element) can collect an incident ray bundle having the same incident angle at a target position on the image plane. In the example of FIG. 3, the rays of R, G, and B having an incident angle of 0 are focused at the same position on the optical axis.
  • the rays of R, G, and B having an incident angle ⁇ 0 are focused at the same position on the imaging surface orthogonal to the optical axis. Further, the lens (each lens element) can focus the incident light beam bundle on a different target position on the image plane according to the incident angle of the incident light ray bundle. In the example of FIG. 2, the light rays of R, G, and B are focused at different positions on the imaging surface depending on whether the incident angle is 0 or other than 0. As described above, the lens of the present embodiment can collect the light rays of R, G, and B having an incident angle ⁇ 0 at the same position on the imaging surface, so that chromatic aberration can be improved in the required entire field of view. ..
  • a compact monolithic lens (diameter 16 mm, thickness 4.5 mm) that has an open F value of 2.5 and operates in a 4 ° ⁇ 4 ° full FOV (Field of View) is designed.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing an example of arrangement of each segment. Assuming that the optical axis of the lens is the Z axis and the plane orthogonal to the optical axis is the XY plane, the arrangement of the segments shown in FIG. 4 shows an arrangement example on the XY plane. In FIG. 4, seven segments are shown for convenience, but the segments can be increased (expanded) outward on the XY plane. Hexagonal segments are arranged tightly from the center to adjacent regions and assigned wavelengths of a particular color (eg R, G, B). The center of the mth segment is represented by (rm, ⁇ m ) in the global coordinate system XYZ.
  • the bundle of incident rays incident on the segment with respect to the center of the segment can be represented by the local coordinate system xmmyzm .
  • each segment is divided into J pieces around the optical axis and P pieces in the radial direction.
  • each segment can be divided into J ⁇ P small areas.
  • the plurality of adjacently arranged segments are divided into a segment group having a plurality of segments associated with specific optical parameters (for example, wavelength of light).
  • FIG. 5 is a side view of the lens in the XZ plane.
  • the lens has a central layer (first layer), a second layer, and a third layer on the surface opposite to the emission surface of the disk-shaped plate called the initial plano from the center to the peripheral portion.
  • the center layer corresponds to the center segment of FIG. 4
  • the second layer corresponds to the lower right segment of the center segment
  • the third layer corresponds to the segment to the right of the center segment. ..
  • the distance between the entrance surface and the exit surface becomes shorter in the radial direction of the optical axis.
  • the point indicated by reference numeral P31 can be determined by the offset value from the exit surface, and indicates the first incident point when the incident surface of the third layer is generated.
  • the point indicated by the reference numeral P21 indicates the first incident point when the incident surface of the second layer is generated
  • the point indicated by the reference numeral P11 indicates the first incident point when the incident surface of the central layer is generated.
  • the surfaces of the central layer, the second layer, and the third layer are continuous along the Z direction, but there may be a gap (step) along the Z direction.
  • FIG. 7, FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 are explanatory views showing an example of a method for specifying an incident point, a normal vector and a tangent plane.
  • the incident light rays are R1 to R7, R11 to R17, and R21 to R27 according to the incident angle.
  • the point indicated by the reference numeral P1 is set as the first incident point.
  • the incident point P1 is determined by an offset value from the exit surface.
  • the incident ray R1 is selected as the incident ray incident on the incident point P1.
  • the incident ray R1 is refracted on the incident surface and the emitted surface according to Snell's law, and reaches the target position T1 on the image pickup surface.
  • the optical path of a refracted ray can be determined by Fermat's principle that light propagates through the path that arrives in the shortest time.
  • the normal vector N1 at the incident point P1 can be specified by the direction of the line segment connecting the incident point P1 and the point where the refracted ray intersects the emission surface. Further, the tangent plane TP1 at the incident point P1 includes the incident point P1 and can be specified by a plane orthogonal to the normal vector N1.
  • the incident ray closest to the incident point P1 is specified from the unused incident rays intersecting the tangent plane TP1.
  • the incident ray R2 is closest to the incident point P1.
  • the perpendicular line having the minimum distance from the identified incident point (incident point P1 in the example of FIG. 8) to the incident ray R2 is found, and the intersection of the perpendicular line and the incident ray R2 is specified as the next incident point P2.
  • the intersection of the tangent plane TP1 and the incident light ray R2 is the incident point P2.
  • the incident light ray R2 is refracted at the incident surface and the exit surface according to Snell's law, and reaches the target position T2 on the image pickup surface.
  • the normal vector N2 at the incident point P2 can be specified by the direction of the line segment connecting the incident point P2 and the point where the refracted ray intersects the emission surface.
  • the tangent plane TP2 at the incident point P2 includes the incident point P2 and can be specified by a plane orthogonal to the normal vector N2.
  • the target position of the imaging surface is different when the incident angle of the incident light ray is different. That is, different required positions can be used for different incident angles.
  • the incident ray closest to the incident point P2 is specified from the unused incident rays intersecting the tangent plane TP2.
  • the incident ray R22 is closest to the incident point P2.
  • the perpendicular line having the minimum distance from the identified incident point (incident points P1 and P2 in the example of FIG. 9) to the incident ray R22 is found, and the intersection of the perpendicular line and the incident ray R22 is specified as the next incident point P3.
  • the intersection of the tangent plane TP2 and the incident light ray R22 is the incident point P3.
  • the incident points of all the incident rays and the normal vector at each incident point can be specified for each segment.
  • the shape of the incident surface of each lens element is determined based on the vector of the refracted light rays refracted so that the incident light rays reach the required position on the image plane. Further, the lens design device 100 receives a set value of the incident angle of the incident light ray for each required position on the image plane, and the incident light ray incident at each incident point is set as the incident angle of the incident light ray for each segment. The optical path can be determined to reach the required position. Further, the lens design device 100 receives a set value of the wavelength of the incident light ray for each required position on the image plane, and the incident light ray incident at each incident point is required to have the wavelength of the incident light ray set for each segment. The optical path can be determined to reach the position.
  • the lowest point (the smallest value of the Z coordinate) having the shortest distance on the optical axis from the exit surface can be set as the first incident point.
  • the first entrance point can be determined by the offset value from the exit surface.
  • each of the points P31, P21, and P11 can be the first incident point of the segment corresponding to the third layer, the segment corresponding to the second layer, and the segment corresponding to the center layer.
  • the point P1 m can be set as the first incident point of the mth segment.
  • the light is applied at the boundary portion of the adjacent segments. It is possible to eliminate a step (gap) in the axis (Z-axis) direction. As a result, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of discontinuous portions on the incident surface, and it is possible to improve the productivity of the lens.
  • the incident points of all the incident rays and the normal vector at each incident point can be specified for each segment. This makes it possible to determine the shape of the incident surface of all segments. In the following, the optimization of the incident point and the normal vector will be described.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the method of optimizing the incident point and the normal vector.
  • FIG. 10 illustrates a free-form surface determined for a segment.
  • the incident rays incident on the incident points P (i-1), P (i), P (i + 1), and P (i + 2) are R (i-1), R (i), R (i + 1), and R (i + 2).
  • the focal positions of the incident rays R (i-1), R (i), R (i + 1), and R (i + 2) are T (i-1), T (i), T (i + 1), respectively.
  • T a provisional target position
  • the provisional target position of the incident ray R (i-1) can be set as, for example, T (i-1) + ⁇ ⁇ T-T (i-1) ⁇ .
  • T is the target position.
  • the provisional target position of the incident ray R (i) can be set as, for example, T (i) + ⁇ ⁇ TT (i) ⁇
  • the provisional target position of the incident ray R (i + 1) can be, for example, T.
  • the provisional target position of the incident ray R (i + 2) can be set as, for example, T (i + 2) + ⁇ ⁇ T-T (i + 2) ⁇ .
  • the process of updating the incident point and the normal vector is repeated so that the provisional target position approaches the target position.
  • the update can be repeated until the difference between the provisional target position and the target position is within the allowable range. Since the target position differs depending on the incident angle of the incident light beam, the incident point and the normal vector can be updated for each incident angle.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing a honeycomb model which is one configuration of a lens.
  • the lens is composed of seven lens elements, and each lens element is arranged in a honeycomb shape.
  • # 1 and # 4 correspond to R (red wavelength)
  • # 2, # 5 and # 7 correspond to G (green wavelength)
  • # 3 and # 6 correspond to B (blue wavelength).
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the incident surface shape of the lens element.
  • the example of FIG. 12 schematically illustrates the shape of the incident surface determined by the incident point and the normal vector specified in the hexagonal segment 1 in three dimensions of the XYZ coordinate system.
  • the lens designed by the lens design method of the present embodiment can flexibly focus light rays (different incident angles) from various fields of view to a required place on the image plane. In other words, the lens can be flexibly designed so that it can be focused on various places on the image plane.
  • the shape of the incident surface of the lens element can be formulated by the equation (1).
  • Equation 1 m indicates an identifier of the lens element (segment), and x and y indicate coordinate values in the xy plane.
  • c indicates the curvature
  • k indicates the conical constant, and is usually used as an aspherical coefficient.
  • fs (x, y) indicates a rotation asymmetry term of order s, and includes, for example, an XY polynomial, a Zernike polynomial, a Chebyshev polynomial, and the like.
  • the high-dimensional non-linear conical term may be omitted.
  • the lens of the present embodiment includes a plurality of lens elements arranged adjacent to each other, and the incident surface of each lens element is such that the incident light ray reaches a required position on the image surface. It is determined based on the vector of the refracted ray that the incident ray is refracted. Further, in a lens, each of a plurality of lens elements concentrates an incident light beam bundle having the same incident angle at a required position on the image plane, and the incident light ray bundle differs on the image plane according to the incident angle of the incident light ray bundle. It can be focused on the required position. Further, the plurality of lens elements are divided into a plurality of lens element groups associated with different wavelengths of incident light rays.
  • the lens manufacturing method of the present embodiment can be, for example, as follows. First, prepare a block of acrylic resin such as PMMA (PolyMethylMethacrylate) (for example, a substrate having a rough shape of 16 mm ⁇ 16 mm ⁇ 5 mm: a substrate having a thickness of 3 mm with a spherical cap having a height of 2 mm). Next, a spiral path along the contour of the 3D model designed by the design method of the present embodiment is generated.
  • the micromachining process may use, for example, a single point diamond machining machine with a spindle speed of 5 revolutions per minute and a radial feed rate of 5 ⁇ m per revolution.
  • the manufacturing method is not limited to the above-mentioned method, and an existing manufacturing method widely used in the industry can be used. Further, the lens may be manufactured by using a mold. This makes it possible to flexibly make new designs for various materials.
  • FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of focusing performance at a specific viewing angle.
  • six viewing angles (0 °, 0 °), (1 °, 0 °), (2 °, 0 °), (0 °, 1 °), (0 °, 2 °), (1.414 °, 1.414 °).
  • the incident light rays use three wavelengths of 637 nm (red), 520 nm (green), and 480 nm (blue).
  • the size of the small rectangle is 30 ⁇ m ⁇ 30 ⁇ m.
  • Comparative Example 1 shows a case where a conventional diffraction-restricted aspherical surface (DLA) lens having an F value of 2.5 is used.
  • DLA diffraction-restricted aspherical surface
  • the focused spot of the green light (center part in the figure) is good at the viewing angle (0 °, 0 °), but coma aberration is remarkable at other viewing angles (viewing angle other than 0).
  • Coma aberration means that light rays emitted from an off-axis object point do not gather at one point on the image plane and generate an asymmetrical blur with a tail like a comet.
  • the focused spots of the red light rays and the blue light rays are largely spread over a region of about 300 ⁇ m, and chromatic aberration cannot be corrected.
  • Comparative Example 2 shows a case where an on-axis free-form lens having an F value of 2.5 and a focal length of 40.5 mm and not being segmented is used. In Comparative Example 2, focusing deterioration is present in all three colors.
  • Comparative Example 3 shows a case where a doublet lens composed of two lenses is used.
  • chromatic aberration is reduced as compared with Comparative Example 1, but coma aberration occurs at a viewing angle other than 0. Further, it can be seen that the focusing performance deteriorates as the viewing angle increases.
  • the lens has a diameter of 16 mm, a focal length of 40.5 mm, and a viewing angle of 4 °.
  • three colors of light rays can be focused on a very narrow common spot at all viewing angles.
  • FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of focusing performance at different incident angles by the lens of the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 14 shows the focal position of the image plane on the XY plane. The focal position differs depending on the incident angle of the incident light beam.
  • the incident angles of the 13 spots are (0 °, 0 °), (0 °, ⁇ 1 °), (0 °, ⁇ 2 °), ( ⁇ 1 °, 0 °), ( ⁇ 2).
  • the XY coordinates (1.52 mm, 0 mm) correspond to the incident angle (0 °, 2 °).
  • all three colors of light rays passing through the honeycomb-structured lens are in focus at the same position.
  • FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of imaging performance.
  • FIG. 15A shows an image when a conventional diffraction-restricted aspherical surface (DLA) lens is used
  • FIG. 15B shows an image when the lens of the present embodiment is used.
  • DLA diffraction-restricted aspherical surface
  • FIG. 15A obvious chromatic aberration occurs at a relatively large incident angle, and the chromatic aberration becomes particularly remarkable at the edge of the image.
  • the chimney indicated by the reference numeral C1 and the tote bag indicated by the reference numeral C2 chromatic aberration with respect to green is observed.
  • FIG. 15B in this embodiment, there is no chromatic aberration, and there is no chromatic aberration even in the regions of reference numerals C1 and C2.
  • FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram showing another example of imaging performance.
  • FIG. 16A shows an image when a conventional diffraction-restricted aspherical surface (DLA) lens is used
  • FIG. 16B shows an image when the lens of the present embodiment is used.
  • DLA diffraction-restricted aspherical surface
  • FIG. 16A the red circle and the blue circle are very blurred and are shifted due to axial chromatic aberration.
  • all three-color circular images are clear and have no chromatic aberration.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the configuration of the lens evaluation system.
  • Red, green and blue laser beams enter the fiber port and are magnified by the beam expander.
  • the laser of each color passes through a filter (mask) aligned with the lens element (segment) of the honeycomb lens.
  • the filter is configured so that only the color assigned to the lens element passes through the lens element.
  • the lens is housed in a 5-axis adjustable cage system and can adjust the focus on the image sensor. This makes it possible to focus light rays of different colors to the same spot on the image sensor without chromatic aberration.
  • the cage system can also adjust the FOV in the X-axis direction and the FOV in the Y-axis direction.
  • the control unit 11 acquires the input data (S11) and sets the incident light beam bundle (S12).
  • the setting of the incident ray bundle can be accepted from the user (lens designer), for example, the incident light rays incident on each of a plurality of segments arranged adjacent to each other following a plurality of lens elements, and a plurality of incident angles.
  • a predetermined number (for example, J ⁇ P) of incident light rays can be set for each (for example, K).
  • the control unit 11 sets a segment based on the input data (S13).
  • the segment setting for example, the number of segments, the shape (for example, a hexagon), the wavelength of the light to be assigned, the center coordinates of the segments, and the like can be set.
  • the control unit 11 sets the identifier m that specifies the order of the segments to 1 (S14), and selects the first incident point and the incident ray of the first segment (S15).
  • the control unit 11 specifies a refracted ray refracted by the incident ray, and specifies a normal vector (vector) of the refracted ray (S16).
  • the control unit 11 identifies a tangent plane orthogonal to the normal vector at the incident point (S17), and identifies the next incident ray from among the unused incident rays intersecting the tangent plane (S18).
  • the control unit 11 specifies a point at which the minimum length perpendicular line from the specified incident point to the specified next incident ray intersects with the incident ray as the next incident point (S19).
  • the control unit 11 determines whether or not the processing has been completed for all the incident rays (S20), and if it has not been completed (NO in S20), the control unit 11 continues the processing after step S16. When the processing is completed for all the incident rays (YES in S20), the control unit 11 generates a free curved surface of the segment based on the specified incident point and normal vector (S21).
  • the control unit 11 calculates an incident point actually incident on the generated incident surface (free curved surface) (S22).
  • the incident light beam bundle set in step S12 can be used.
  • the control unit 11 calculates the actual focal position of the light beam incident from the incident point (S23), and determines whether or not the error between the calculated focal position and the target position is within the allowable range (S24).
  • control unit 11 updates the normal vector and the incident point (S25), and repeats the processes after step S21.
  • the control unit 11 determines whether or not the processing is completed for all the segments (S26).
  • control unit 11 When the processing is not completed for all the segments (NO in S26), the control unit 11 adds 1 to the identifier m (S27), and continues the processing after step S15. When the processing is completed for all the segments (YES in S26), the control unit 11 determines the free curved surface (shape of the incident surface) of the lens (S28), and ends the processing.
  • the lens design method of the present embodiment can start from a simple plane and finally determine the shape of the incident surface of the lens elements arranged in a honeycomb shape with the 3D coordinates of xyz. Further, the lens of the present embodiment can realize focusing and imaging without diffraction limit and chromatic aberration.
  • the monolithic integrated structure is composed of an array of expandable hexagonal free-form surfaces, and can form a lens for multi-wavelength focusing including various wavelengths.
  • the monolithic design using a single lens material increases the topological freedom of design and is highly integrated without errors related to assembly and alignment when combining multiple lenses. It is possible to realize a refraction optical system.
  • a configuration in which two lenses are connected in cascade or a combination of three lenses has been proposed, but in each case, the shape and volume of the entire optical system increase, and assembly becomes complicated. Therefore, the manufacturing cost rises.
  • the monolithic lens of the present embodiment can reduce chromatic aberration, is composed of a single lens, has a small shape and volume of the lens, and does not require complicated assembly, so that low cost can be realized.
  • the lens of the present embodiment can realize reduction of chromatic aberration and high performance of focusing, miniaturization of the lens, and application of a simple manufacturing method, so that a small camera and a wearable can be applied. It can be used for optical equipment in a wide range of fields such as devices.
  • the colors of the incident light rays have been described as three colors of RGB, but the colors of the incident light rays are not limited to RGB, and N (4 or more) colors are incident from UV to infrared wavelengths. It can be flexibly applied to light rays.
  • the display panel 18 can display an input screen in which the lens designer (user) accepts the set value of a specific parameter that specifies the function according to the function of the lens.
  • the set value of the specific parameter may be a specific value or a specific numerical range.
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the configuration of the lens of the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 20A schematically shows an example of setting a specific parameter in the second embodiment.
  • the required positions on the image plane are shown in a 6 ⁇ 6 matrix, but there are many actual required positions (pixels and the like).
  • the specific parameters are the wavelength of light (here, R (red), G (green), B (blue)) and the incident angle ⁇ of the incident light beam. be.
  • the specific parameter of the required position can be expressed as ( ⁇ R ) ( ⁇ 1,1 ), ( ⁇ G ) ( ⁇ 1,1 ), ( ⁇ B ) ( ⁇ 1,1 ). The same applies to the specific parameters of other required positions.
  • any one of R (red), G (green) and B (blue) and the value of the incident angle ⁇ can be set for each required position.
  • the wavelengths of R (red), G (green), and B (blue) may be specific values or may be in a specific range.
  • the image pickup device is composed of each pixel of RGB.
  • the designer can flexibly design the lens according to the pixel configuration of the image sensor. As shown in FIG. 20 (A), the designer can design the lens so as to focus the light of the RGB wavelength to each pixel corresponding to each of the RGB of each pixel of the image sensor.
  • each microlens of the aspherical microlens array is assigned one of the three colors of RGB.
  • the aspherical microlens array can be designed by the design method described in the first embodiment.
  • control unit 11 can accept the setting of the required position for each wavelength of the incident light beam from the designer and use the set required position.
  • the wavelength of the incident light ray is selected as an optical parameter, and each lens element of each lens element group has the same incident angle, and each of the incident light beam bundles having a specific wavelength different for each lens element group is specified on the image plane. It is possible to collect light at each required position divided by wavelength.
  • each of the plurality of lens elements has the same incident angle, and the incident light beam bundles having different wavelengths for each lens element group are classified for each wavelength on the image plane. It is possible to collect light at each required position.
  • the focal length is taken up as a specific parameter. This makes it possible to realize an image pickup device capable of recognizing the depth (depth of focus).
  • the display panel 18 can display an input screen in which the lens designer (user) accepts the set value of a specific parameter that specifies the function according to the function of the lens.
  • the specific parameters are focal length and incident angle.
  • FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the configuration of the lens of the third embodiment.
  • the image pickup element is divided into four sections # 1 to # 4, and the lens is a composite lens divided into four sections # 1 to # 4 corresponding to the image pickup element.
  • FIG. 21A schematically shows an example of setting a specific parameter in the third embodiment.
  • the required positions on the image plane are shown in a 6 ⁇ 6 matrix, but there are many actual required positions (pixels and the like).
  • the specific parameters are the focal length and the incident angle ⁇ of the incident light beam.
  • the specific parameter of the required position can be expressed as (FL1) ( ⁇ 1,1 ). The same applies to the specific parameters of other required positions.
  • FL1 ⁇ 1,1
  • the designer indicates that the light rays passing through the compartments # 1 to # 4 of the composite lens correspond to the focal lengths FL1 to FL4 of the compartments # 1 to # 4 of the image sensor.
  • the lens can be designed to focus on the image sensor.
  • focal lengths FL1 to FL4 are assigned to the four compartments # 1 to # 4.
  • the composite lens can be designed by the design method described in the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a method of recognizing the depth of focus using a composite lens.
  • Lenses # 1, # 2, # 3, and # 4 are arranged along the optical axis direction in order of proximity to the compound lens. It is assumed that the focal length of the lens increases in the order of lenses # 1, # 2, # 3, and # 4.
  • the spot size of the CCD increases in the order of lenses # 1, # 2, # 3, and # 4.
  • the spot size of the CCD increases in the order of lenses # 3, # 4, # 2, # 1 # 2, # 3, and # 4.
  • FIG. 23 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the focal length and the spot size.
  • the horizontal axis shows the focal length and the vertical axis shows the spot size.
  • the curve indicated by reference numeral A is a plot of the spot sizes obtained by the four lenses # 1 to # 4 of FIG. 22 (A), and the curve indicated by reference numeral B is the four lenses of FIG. 22 (B). It is a plot of the spot sizes obtained in # 1 to # 4.
  • the focal length corresponding to the position where the spot size is the smallest on the curves A and B can be recognized by the composite lens. This makes it possible to recognize the accurate depth of focus according to the movement of the light source on the optical axis.
  • control unit 11 can accept the setting of the required position for each focal length from the designer and use the set required position.
  • the focal length is selected as an optical parameter, and each lens element of each lens element group places each of the incident ray bundles of each lens element group at a required position on a different image plane on the optical axis (position where the focal length is different). It can be focused.
  • a specific focal length is associated with each of the plurality of segments, a set value of the focal length is received for each required position on the image plane, and each incident point is received for each segment.
  • the optical path can be determined so that the incident light beam incident in is reached the required position where the focal length corresponding to the segment is set.
  • each of the plurality of lens elements can condense each incident light beam bundle to a required position on a different image plane on the optical axis.
  • the image plane of the CCD is used as the image plane
  • the image plane is not limited to the image plane of the CCD.
  • the image plane can be a plane of various materials such as films, screens, plates, wafers and the like.
  • the display panel 18 can display an input screen in which the lens designer (user) accepts the set value of the specific parameter.
  • the set value of the specific parameter may be a specific value or a specific numerical range.
  • FIG. 24 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the configuration of the lens of the fourth embodiment.
  • FIG. 24A schematically shows an example of setting a specific parameter in the fourth embodiment.
  • the required positions on the image plane for example, film
  • the specific parameter is the wavelength ⁇ of light (here, the wavelength ⁇ 1 of UV light and the wavelength ⁇ 2 of red light are set as the wavelength setting values).
  • the specific parameter of the required position can be expressed as ( ⁇ UV ) or ( ⁇ R ). The same applies to the specific parameters of other required positions.
  • the presence or absence of the pattern clearly indicates that the wavelengths are different.
  • the wavelength value can be set for each required position.
  • the wavelength ⁇ may be a specific value or a specific range. In this case, since the lens design algorithm of the present embodiment automatically assigns the incident angle, it is not necessary to set the incident angle as a specific parameter.
  • the lens is composed of seven lens elements.
  • the number of lens elements is not limited to seven.
  • the point light source can emit UV light and red light.
  • the lens element shaded with diagonal lines corresponds to the wavelength ⁇ 1 of UV light, and the remaining lens elements correspond to the wavelength ⁇ 2 of red light.
  • a filter for transmitting the wavelengths ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 may be provided on the incident surface side of the lens element.
  • the film is a filter containing water containing a polymer having photoresponsiveness.
  • the irradiated polymer becomes highly viscous, and when irradiated with red light, the irradiated polymer becomes low viscous, and water containing the polymer can flow. can.
  • the lens design device 100 can design the film in which the fine flow path is formed.
  • the film on which the fine flow path is formed can be used as a microdevice, for example, by incubating a mixed solution of the antibacterial agent and the test bacterial solution and observing the observation area in the flow path with a microscope against the antibacterial agent of the fungus.
  • a film with a fine flow path can perform mixed separation and chemical reaction of various chemicals, such as medical diagnosis, chemical manufacturing, and chemical analysis. It is available in various fields of.
  • the lens design method is the same as in the case of the first embodiment, but the lens design device 100 accepts a set value of the wavelength of light for each required position on the image plane, and receives a set value of the wavelength of light for each segment at each incident point.
  • the optical path can be determined so that the incident light beam reaches the required position where the wavelength of the light is set.
  • each of the plurality of lens elements can condense each incident light beam bundle having a different wavelength into a different required region corresponding to the wavelength on the image plane.
  • FIG. 25 is a schematic diagram showing another example of the configuration of the lens of the fourth embodiment.
  • the example of FIG. 25 shows a configuration in which a part of a lens is covered with an optical member whose distribution of incident light rays can be dynamically controlled.
  • the optical member can be a disk-shaped mask provided with a slit.
  • the optical member may be, for example, a liquid crystal display (LCD) capable of controlling the transmission / non-transmission of light, a DLP (Digital Light Processor), or the distribution of incident light rays.
  • LCD liquid crystal display
  • DLP Digital Light Processor
  • Other members may be used as long as they are.
  • FIG. 1 liquid crystal display
  • the mask by rotating the mask to change the position of the slit, it is possible to control the distribution of the incident light beam to the lens in which a plurality of lens elements are arranged, and the UV light emitted to the film can be controlled.
  • the red light can be changed dynamically. This makes it possible to flexibly change the shape (flow direction) of the flow path formed on the film.
  • FIG. 26 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the configuration of the lens of the fifth embodiment.
  • FIG. 26A schematically shows an example of setting a specific parameter in the fifth embodiment.
  • the required positions on the image plane for example, the screen
  • the specific parameters are the wavelength ⁇ of light and the intensity I of light.
  • the specific parameter of the required position can be expressed as (I 0 ) ( ⁇ 0 ) or (I 1 ) ( ⁇ 1 ). The same applies to the specific parameters of other required positions.
  • the presence or absence of the pattern clearly indicates that the light intensity and wavelength are different.
  • the value of the wavelength ⁇ and the value of the intensity I can be set for each required position.
  • the wavelength ⁇ and the intensity I may be a specific value or a specific range. In this case, since the lens design algorithm of the present embodiment automatically assigns the incident angle, it is not necessary to set the incident angle as a specific parameter.
  • the lens is composed of seven lens elements.
  • the number of lens elements is not limited to seven.
  • the point light source can emit white light.
  • Each of the plurality of lens elements is associated with a specific wavelength (in the figure, the difference in wavelength is represented by the difference in the pattern applied to the lens element).
  • a filter that transmits a specific wavelength may be provided on the incident surface side of the lens element.
  • Various characters, figures, patterns, and textures can be displayed on the screen according to the wavelength and intensity of light.
  • the characters “KYOTO” are displayed, and the expressions such as color, tint, and lightness and darkness can be changed for each character portion according to the wavelengths ⁇ 1 to ⁇ 3.
  • the light intensity can be, for example, I1> I2.
  • the number of wavelengths is not limited to three. Further, the strength is not limited to two, strong and weak.
  • the screen of the fifth embodiment can be used for display devices in stores, public facilities, etc., such as digital signage (electronic signboards), advertisement displays, and guidance displays.
  • the lens design method is the same as that of the first embodiment, but the lens design device 100 receives the set values of the light intensity and the light wavelength for each required position on the image plane, and receives the set values of the light intensity and the light wavelength for each segment.
  • the optical path can be determined so that the incident light beam incident at each incident point reaches a required position where the light intensity and the wavelength of the light are set.
  • each of the plurality of lens elements can collect emitted light rays having different wavelengths and intensities in different required regions corresponding to the wavelengths and intensities on the image plane.
  • FIG. 27 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the configuration of the lens of the sixth embodiment.
  • FIG. 27A schematically shows an example of setting a specific parameter in the sixth embodiment.
  • the required positions on the image plane for example, a plate having a gold film formed on the surface of glass
  • the specific parameter is the light intensity I.
  • the specific parameter of the required position can be expressed as (I 0 ) or (I 1 ).
  • the presence or absence of the pattern clearly indicates that the light intensity is different.
  • the value of the intensity I can be set for each required position.
  • the intensity I may be a specific value or a specific range. In this case, since the lens design algorithm of the present embodiment automatically assigns the incident angle, it is not necessary to set the incident angle as a specific parameter.
  • the glass plate on which the gold film is formed is placed in a liquid such as water.
  • the lens is composed of seven lens elements.
  • the number of lens elements is not limited to seven.
  • a point light source can emit a laser beam of a specific wavelength.
  • Each of the plurality of lens elements irradiates a required position on the gold film with a laser beam incident at each incident point. This allows the lens to focus the racer light on the focal pattern on the gold film.
  • the light intensity I is set at each required position of the focal pattern.
  • FIG. 27B illustrates a state in which a laser beam having a light intensity of I1, I2, I3, or I4 is irradiated as a part of the laser beam.
  • the light intensity can be adjusted by the thickness of the lens element, specifically, the optical path length between the incident point of the lens element and the emission point of the laser beam emitted from the lens element. In the part other than the focal pattern on the gold film, the light intensity can be reduced to the extent that the Marangoni convection described later does not occur, but the incident surface shape of the lens element is designed so that the laser light is not irradiated. You may.
  • FIG. 28 is a schematic diagram showing an example of Marangoni convection generated on the gold film.
  • FIG. 28A shows a state seen from the side surface of the glass plate.
  • the laser beam irradiated on the gold film raises the temperature at the irradiation point and its vicinity and becomes high temperature.
  • the temperature is low in the portion not irradiated with the laser beam.
  • the surface tension acting on the liquid surface becomes small in the high temperature part, and the surface tension becomes large in the low temperature part, resulting in non-uniformity of the surface tension.
  • a flow Marangoni convection caused by this difference in surface tension is generated.
  • FIG. 28B shows a state seen from the upper side of the gold film.
  • Large Marangoni convection occurs in areas where the focal patterns are closely spaced.
  • relatively small Marangoni convection occurs in the part where the interval of the focal pattern is long.
  • convection can be generated in the direction indicated by the reference numeral R. In this way, convection in various states can be generated by appropriately setting the shape, spacing, and the like of the focal pattern.
  • the lens of the sixth embodiment can freely move a small amount of liquid, and is used in the fields of chemistry, medical science, technology for producing small droplets and capsules, technology for cooling electronic components, and high-purity semiconductor crystals. It is expected to be used in various fields such as the generation technology of.
  • the lens design method is the same as that of the first embodiment, but the lens design device 100 accepts a set value of the light intensity for each required position on the image plane, and receives a set value of the light intensity for each segment at each incident point.
  • the optical path can be determined so that the incident light beam reaches the required position where the intensity of the light is set.
  • each of the plurality of lens elements can collect the emitted light rays of different intensities to the required positions according to the required positions on the image plane.
  • FIG. 29 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the configuration of the lens of the seventh embodiment.
  • FIG. 29A schematically shows an example of setting a specific parameter in the seventh embodiment.
  • the required positions on the image plane for example, the wafer
  • the specific parameter is the phase ⁇ of light.
  • the phase ⁇ can be obtained by summing the phases ⁇ i of the light transmitted through each lens element.
  • phase ⁇ may be a phase difference (shift amount) indicating how much the phase is shifted with respect to the phase of UV light having the same phase at the time of incident.
  • the lens is composed of six lens elements.
  • the number of lens elements is not limited to six.
  • the light source can emit coherent parallel UV light. Parallel UV light has the same phase and energy of light waves.
  • Each of the plurality of lens elements can irradiate the incident UV light to all required positions on the image plane. Further, the UV light incident on the specific incident points of the plurality of lens elements # 1 to # 6 collects the UV light having a phase of ⁇ 1 to ⁇ 6 at the same required position.
  • the phases ⁇ 1 to ⁇ 6 are determined by the optical path length of each UV light.
  • the phases ⁇ 1 to ⁇ 6 are the phases at the required positions on the image plane.
  • the phases ⁇ 1 to ⁇ 6 are (0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
  • the phases of the UV light are aligned (the phase difference is 0), so that the UV light interferes at a required position. Strengthen each other.
  • the phases ⁇ 1 to ⁇ 6 are (0, 60, 120, 180, 240, 300)
  • the UV light interferes at a required position and weakens each other.
  • the lens of the seventh embodiment can be used in the semiconductor lithography technique of transferring an ultrafine circuit pattern (nano pattern) onto a wafer.
  • the lens design method is the same as that of the first embodiment, but in the lens design device 100, the phases of light are associated with each of the plurality of segments, and a plurality of light rays are associated with each required position on the image plane. Accepts the phase setting value so that multiple coherent incident rays incident at each incident point reach the required position where multiple phases (or phase difference, phase shift amount, etc.) are set for each segment.
  • the optical path can be determined.
  • each of the plurality of lens elements can shift the phase of the incident light ray by a required value for each incident point of the coherent incident light ray and concentrate the light beam at a required position on the image plane. ..
  • FIG. 30 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the configuration of the lens of the eighth embodiment.
  • FIG. 30A schematically shows an example of setting a specific parameter in the eighth embodiment.
  • the required positions on the image plane for example, a plate of an optical material that can utilize polarized light
  • the specific parameter is the azimuth angle ⁇ of the electric field vector or the magnetic field vector due to polarization by polarized light.
  • the specific parameter of the required position can be expressed as ( ⁇ 1, 1 ). The same applies to the specific parameters of other required positions.
  • the azimuth angle ⁇ may be a specific value or a specific range.
  • the lens is composed of seven lens elements.
  • the number of lens elements is not limited to seven.
  • the material of each lens element is a dichroic crystal, and each lens element can transmit light having a specific wavelength.
  • the light source can emit parallel white light. In the case of white light, the polarized light is not observed as a whole because the polarized light overlaps with each other. Since the lens element transmits light of a specific wavelength, the light of a specific wavelength causes vibration (bias) of the electric field vector or the magnetic field vector in the plane perpendicular to the traveling direction when traveling in the lens element and the air.
  • the tip of the lens draws a circular orbit, for example (circularly polarized light). Since the light transmitted through the lens element is polarized light having a set azimuth angle at a required position on the image plane, a polarization map is generated on the optical material. The arrows on the polarization map are associated with the azimuth.
  • the lens of the eighth embodiment can be used when examining the properties of a substance using light.
  • the electronic state in a substance is changed by an electric field due to polarization, or the magnetization state in a substance is changed by a magnetic field due to polarization, and changes in these electronic states and magnetization states are observed, and based on the observation results.
  • It is possible to perform analysis such as estimating the state of the target part in a substance.
  • as an optical material it can be applied to a technique of observing the arrangement of cells by irradiating a sample containing a target cell with light using a lens.
  • the lens design method is the same as that of the first embodiment, but in the lens design device 100, a plurality of segments transmit light of a specific wavelength, and an electric field due to polarization is applied to each required position on the image plane. It accepts the set value of the azimuth angle of the vector or the magnetic field vector, and can determine the optical path so that the parallel incident light rays incident at each incident point reach the required position where the azimuth angle is set for each segment.
  • each of the plurality of lens elements transmits light of a specific wavelength, and the optical path length from the incident point of the incident light ray to the required position on the image plane is different for each incident point. There is. By having different optical path lengths, it is possible to change the azimuth due to polarized light. In order to adjust the optical path length from the incident point to the required position on the image plane, the optical path length (thickness of the lens element) from the incident point to the exit point of the lens element can be adjusted.
  • the optical characteristics can be adjusted in a complex manner.
  • the shape of the incident surface of the lens may be a flat surface, a spherical surface, or an aspherical surface.
  • a hierarchical sub-wavelength level nanostructured array may be placed on the entrance or exit surface of the lens to change the azimuth due to the phase or polarization of light. As a result, it is not necessary to change the material of the lens according to the phase and the polarization.
  • FIG. 31 is an explanatory diagram showing another example of the configuration of the lens design device.
  • reference numeral 110 is a normal computer.
  • the computer 110 includes a control unit 111, an input unit 116, an output unit 117, and an external I / F (interface) unit 118.
  • the control unit 111 includes a CPU 112, a ROM 113, a RAM 114, and an I / F (interface) 115.
  • the input unit 116 acquires input data for lens design.
  • the output unit 117 outputs the data necessary for manufacturing the designed lens.
  • the I / F 115 has an interface function between the control unit 111, the input unit 116, the output unit 117, and the external I / F unit 118, respectively.
  • the external I / F unit 118 can read the computer program from the recording medium M (for example, a medium such as a DVD) on which the computer program is recorded.
  • the computer program includes, for example, the processing procedures shown in FIGS. 18 and 19.
  • the external I / F unit 118 includes a storage unit composed of a semiconductor memory, a hard disk, or the like, and can hold a computer program.
  • the computer program recorded on the recording medium M is not limited to the one recorded on the freely portable medium, and the computer program transmitted through the Internet or another communication line is also included. Can be included.
  • the computer also includes a single computer equipped with a plurality of processors or a computer system composed of a plurality of computers connected via a communication network.
  • a lens unit may be configured by combining a lens and an optical filter that transmits light of a specific wavelength different for each lens element group.
  • the image pickup device may be configured by combining the lens and the image pickup element.
  • one lens element in the lens element group is arranged adjacent to another lens element (for example, three or more lens elements, six or more lens elements, etc.). It shares the outer edge with all other lens elements.
  • each lens element can be densely packed to produce a more compact lens.
  • the lens design method of the present embodiment such a precise design is suitably possible.
  • the lens has a dense array structure, and by dividing the function into peripheral lens elements, it is possible to suppress size enlargement and increase the degree of freedom in lens design. Can be raised.
  • Control unit 12 Input unit 13 Storage unit 14 Incident point identification unit 15 Normal vector specification unit 16 Contact plane specification unit 17 Output unit 18 Display panel 19 Operation unit 20 Free-form surface determination unit 100 Lens design device 110 Computer 111 Control unit 112 CPU 113 ROM 114 RAM 115 I / F 116 Input section 117 Output section 118 External I / F section

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Abstract

Sont divulgués ici un procédé de conception de lentille, un dispositif de conception de lentille, un programme informatique et une lentille avec lesquels il est possible d'améliorer l'aberration chromatique dans la totalité d'un champ de vue souhaité.　Dans ce procédé de conception de lentille, un processeur : accepte le réglage d'une lumière incidente qui se dirige vers chaque segment d'une pluralité de segments adjacents en suivant une pluralité d'éléments de lentille; spécifie, sur la base d'un trajet optique lorsque la lumière incidente qui se dirige vers chaque point d'incidence atteint une position souhaitée sur une surface d'image dans chacun des segments, un vecteur de lumière réfractée se produisant lorsque la lumière incidente est réfractée pour chaque point d'incidence; et détermine une forme de surface d'incidence de chacun des éléments de lentille sur la base des vecteurs spécifiés.
PCT/JP2021/027093 2020-07-30 2021-07-20 Procédé de conception de lentille, dispositif de conception de lentille, programme informatique et lentille WO2022024864A1 (fr)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH05164906A (ja) * 1991-12-14 1993-06-29 Koito Mfg Co Ltd 灯具用レンズ及びその金型作製方法
JPH08248208A (ja) * 1995-03-10 1996-09-27 Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd 光路追跡方法、光路表示方法、光路表示装置及びレンズ設計方法
JPH1090793A (ja) * 1996-09-13 1998-04-10 Sharp Corp 照明装置
JP2002530711A (ja) * 1998-11-23 2002-09-17 インレイ・リミテツド 光学エレメントを決定して設計する方法
JP2006235415A (ja) * 2005-02-28 2006-09-07 Hitachi Displays Ltd レンズアレイおよびそれを利用した表示装置
US20150094993A1 (en) * 2013-09-30 2015-04-02 Tsinghua University Design method of freeform imaging lens

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH05164906A (ja) * 1991-12-14 1993-06-29 Koito Mfg Co Ltd 灯具用レンズ及びその金型作製方法
JPH08248208A (ja) * 1995-03-10 1996-09-27 Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd 光路追跡方法、光路表示方法、光路表示装置及びレンズ設計方法
JPH1090793A (ja) * 1996-09-13 1998-04-10 Sharp Corp 照明装置
JP2002530711A (ja) * 1998-11-23 2002-09-17 インレイ・リミテツド 光学エレメントを決定して設計する方法
JP2006235415A (ja) * 2005-02-28 2006-09-07 Hitachi Displays Ltd レンズアレイおよびそれを利用した表示装置
US20150094993A1 (en) * 2013-09-30 2015-04-02 Tsinghua University Design method of freeform imaging lens

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