WO2022021730A1 - 一种发动机进气结构及气缸盖 - Google Patents

一种发动机进气结构及气缸盖 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022021730A1
WO2022021730A1 PCT/CN2020/134825 CN2020134825W WO2022021730A1 WO 2022021730 A1 WO2022021730 A1 WO 2022021730A1 CN 2020134825 W CN2020134825 W CN 2020134825W WO 2022021730 A1 WO2022021730 A1 WO 2022021730A1
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cylinder head
seat ring
throat
engine
air intake
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PCT/CN2020/134825
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English (en)
French (fr)
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张雷
朱杰
覃文
黄冠衍
魏威
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广西玉柴机器股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2022021730A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022021730A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/42—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads
    • F02F1/4235—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads of intake channels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B31/00—Modifying induction systems for imparting a rotation to the charge in the cylinder
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an engine intake port, and more particularly, to an engine intake structure and a cylinder head.
  • internal combustion engines usually have two types of intake ports, one, tangential air port; second, spiral air port.
  • the former is to turn the air passage on the cylinder wall to form a vortex in the cylinder; the latter is to make the air flow to form a vortex before entering the cylinder.
  • the performance of the spiral airway is slightly better than that of the tangential airway.
  • the spiral airway is in the shape of a spiral surface. After the air passes through the air inlet at high speed, it forms a vortex by itself.
  • the vortex ratio is large and the flow coefficient is small.
  • eddy current can only be formed through the guiding effect of the cylinder wall, the vortex ratio is small, and the flow coefficient is large.
  • Both the traditional spiral air port and the tangential air port have shortcomings.
  • the flow coefficient of the spiral air port is too small, which affects the charging efficiency in the cylinder, and the intake air volume in the cylinder is insufficient; the swirl ratio of the tangential air port is small, which affects the air and fuel in the cylinder. Mixing uniformity, which will lead to insufficient in-cylinder combustion, poor fuel economy, and poor emissions, making it difficult to meet increasingly stringent emissions regulations.
  • One of the purposes of the present invention is to provide an engine air intake structure, which can ensure higher flow parameters and promote more uniform mixing of fuel and fresh air in the combustion chamber of the engine. .
  • the second purpose of the present invention is to provide an engine cylinder head, which can ensure a higher flow parameter and promote more uniform mixing of fuel and fresh air in the combustion chamber of the engine.
  • an engine air intake structure includes a cylinder head intake port, the end of the cylinder head intake port is provided with a cylinder head throat drainage channel, and the cylinder head throat drainage channel
  • the end of the passage is provided with a valve seat ring throat
  • the end of the valve seat throat is provided with a valve seat ring sealing cone hole
  • the end of the valve seat ring sealing cone hole is provided with a seat ring bottom chamfer that communicates with the combustion chamber
  • the cylinder head air inlet, the cylinder head throat drainage channel, the valve seat ring throat, the valve seat ring sealing cone hole, and the seat ring bottom chamfered hole are connected in sequence.
  • the throat drainage channel of the cylinder head is a structure with a small upper part and a large lower part, including an upper cone, a middle transition fillet and a lower cylinder, and the upper cone, the middle transition fillet and the lower cylinder are connected in sequence. .
  • the air intake port of the cylinder head includes a gentle air flow passage, an air inlet is provided on the end of the gentle air passage passage close to the side of the cylinder head, and a mixing groove is provided on the gentle air flow passage at the valve guide.
  • the lower part of the mixing tank is provided with a partial constricted air flow channel, and the end of the partial constricted air flow channel is provided with a special-shaped air inlet throat.
  • the air inlet, the gentle air flow channel, the mixing tank, the local constricted air flow channel, and the special-shaped air inlet throat are connected in sequence, and the special-shaped air inlet throat is connected with the drainage channel of the cylinder head throat.
  • the cross-sectional area of the gentle airflow channel gradually decreases from the air inlet to the side of the mixing tank.
  • the axis line of the chamfered hole at the bottom of the seat ring is arranged eccentrically with respect to the axis line of the intake valve, and the axis line of the intake valve is offset to the side of the intake port of the intake port of the cylinder head. shift.
  • the second technical solution of the present invention is as follows, an engine cylinder head, wherein the cylinder head includes the above-mentioned engine air intake structure.
  • the present invention has the following advantages:
  • the engine air intake structure of the present invention is provided with a cylinder head air intake channel composed of a gentle air flow channel, an air intake port, a mixing groove, a local constricted air flow channel, and a special-shaped intake port throat, and a cylinder head throat drainage channel,
  • a cylinder head air intake channel composed of a gentle air flow channel, an air intake port, a mixing groove, a local constricted air flow channel, and a special-shaped intake port throat, and a cylinder head throat drainage channel,
  • the throat of the valve seat ring, the sealing cone hole of the valve seat ring, and the chamfered hole at the bottom of the seat ring are matched to form an air intake structure.
  • Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is the front structural schematic diagram of the sand core of the air inlet of the cylinder head in the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the bottom view structure of the sand core of the intake port of the cylinder head in the present invention.
  • 1- cylinder head body 2- cylinder head intake port, 3- intake valve, 4- valve guide, 5- cylinder head throat drainage channel, 6- valve seat ring throat, 7- valve seat ring seal Conical hole, 8-Chamfered hole at the bottom of seat ring, 9-Valve seat ring, 21-Smooth airflow channel, 22-Intake port, 23-Mixing groove, 24-Partial constriction airflow channel, 25-Special-shaped intake port throat mouth.
  • an engine intake structure of the present invention includes a cylinder head intake port 2, the cylinder head intake port 2 is horizontally opened on the cylinder head body 1, and a cylinder is provided at the end of the cylinder head intake port 2 Cover throat drainage channel 5, cylinder head throat drainage channel 5 is opened vertically to change the airflow direction, the end of the cylinder head throat drainage channel 5 is provided with a valve seat ring throat 6, and the valve seat ring throat 6 is provided at the end with a valve seat
  • the ring seal cone hole 7, the end of the valve seat ring seal cone hole 7 is provided with a chamfered hole 8 at the bottom of the seat ring that communicates with the combustion chamber, the taper of the chamfered hole 8 at the bottom of the seat ring is 110°, the throat of the valve seat ring 6, the valve
  • the seat ring sealing cone holes 7 are all opened on the valve seat ring 9, the chamfered hole 8 at the bottom of the seat ring is opened on the cylinder head body 1, the cylinder head air inlet 2, the cylinder head
  • the throat drainage channel 5 of the cylinder head is a structure with a small upper part and a large lower part, including an upper cone, a middle transition fillet and a lower cylinder, wherein the upper cone, the middle transition fillet and the lower cylinder are connected in sequence to make the airflow flow smoothly.
  • the intake passage 2 of the cylinder head includes a gentle air flow passage 21, wherein an air inlet 22 is provided at one end of the gentle air passage 21 close to the side of the cylinder head 1, and a mixing port 22 is provided on the gentle air passage 21 at the valve guide 4.
  • Slot 23 the air is collected in the mixing tank 23, and the airflow is impacted and mixed, and a partial constricted air flow channel 24 is arranged below the mixing tank 23 to reduce the flow area and increase the gas loss.
  • the special-shaped intake port throat 25, the intake port 22, the gentle airflow channel 21, the mixing tank 23, the partially constricted airflow channel 24, and the irregular-shaped intake port throat 25 are connected in turn, and the irregular-shaped intake port throat 25 is connected with the cylinder head throat.
  • the mouth drainage channel 5 is connected.
  • the cross-sectional area of the gentle airflow channel 21 gradually decreases from the air inlet 22 to the side of the mixing tank 23, increasing the gas flow rate.
  • the axis line of the chamfered hole 8 at the bottom of the seat ring is eccentrically arranged with respect to the axis line of the intake valve 3, and the axis line of the intake valve 3 is to the side of the intake port 22 of the intake port 2 of the cylinder head offset.
  • the engine intake structure of the present invention when in use, when the engine opens the intake valve 3 according to the set valve timing phase, the airflow enters from the intake port 22 and enters the partial constricted airflow channel along the gentle airflow channel 21 After 24, when the airflow moves down around the mixing groove 23 and the valve guide 4 to the position of the drainage channel 5 at the throat of the cylinder head, the airflow movement is deflected, and the eddy current intensity increases; finally, it passes through the sealing cone hole 7 of the valve seat ring and the chamfered hole at the bottom of the seat ring.
  • An engine cylinder head comprising the above-mentioned engine air intake structure.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

一种发动机进气结构及气缸盖，其中所述进气结构包括气缸盖进气道（2），所述气缸盖进气道（2）末端设有气缸盖喉口引流通道（5），所述气缸盖喉口引流通道（5）末端设有气门座圈喉口（6），所述气门座圈喉口（6）末端设有气门座圈密封锥孔（7），所述气门座圈密封锥孔（7）末端设有与燃烧室连通的座圈底部倒角孔（8），所述气缸盖进气道（2）、气缸盖喉口引流通道（5）、气门座圈喉口（6）、气门座圈密封锥孔（7）、座圈底部倒角孔（8）依次连通。所述气缸盖包括所述进气结构。所述进气结构解决了传统发动机进气道燃烧室内燃料与新鲜空气混合不充分的问题，能够保证较高的流量参数，促使发动机燃烧室内燃料与新鲜空气混合更加均匀。

Description

一种发动机进气结构及气缸盖 技术领域
本发明涉及发动机进气道，更具体地说，它涉及一种发动机进气结构及气缸盖。
背景技术
目前，内燃机通常有两种进气道形式，一、切向气道；二、螺旋气道。前者是使气道在气缸壁上转向，以形成缸内涡流；后者则是使气流在进入气缸前形成涡流。其中，螺旋气道性能略优于切向气道，螺旋气道呈螺旋曲面状，空气高速经过进气道后自身形成涡流，涡流比大，流量系数偏小；切向气道自身不能形成涡流，只能通过气缸壁的引导作用形成涡流，涡流比小，流量系数大。
传统螺旋进气道和切向气道都有缺点，螺旋气道流量系数偏小，影响缸内充气效率，气缸内进气量不足；切向气道的涡流比小，影响气缸内空气与燃油混合均匀度，这都会导致缸内燃烧不充分，燃油经济性差，排放差，难满足日益严格的排放法规要求。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是针对现有技术的上述不足，本发明的目的之一是提供一种发动机进气结构，能够保证较高的流量参数，促使发动机燃烧室内燃料与新鲜空气混合更加均匀。
本发明的目的之二是提供一种发动机气缸盖，能够保证较高的流量参数，促使发动机燃烧室内燃料与新鲜空气混合更加均匀。
本发明的技术方案一是这样的：一种发动机进气结构，包括气缸盖进气道，所述的气缸盖进气道末端设有气缸盖喉口引流通道，所述的气缸盖喉口引流通道末端设有气门座圈喉口，所述的气门座圈喉口末端设有气门座圈密封锥孔，所述的气门座圈密封锥孔末端设有与燃烧室连通的座圈底部倒角孔，所述的气 缸盖进气道、气缸盖喉口引流通道、气门座圈喉口、气门座圈密封锥孔、座圈底部倒角孔依次连通。
作为进一步地改进，所述的气缸盖喉口引流通道为上小下大的结构，包括上部圆锥、中间过渡圆角和下部圆柱，所述的上部圆锥、中间过渡圆角和下部圆柱依次衔接相连。
进一步地，所述的气缸盖进气道包括平缓气流通道，所述的平缓气流通道上靠近气缸盖侧面的一端设有进气口，所述的平缓气流通道上位于气门导管处设有混合槽，所述的混合槽下方设有局部缩口气流通道，所述的局部缩口气流通道末端设有异形进气道喉口。
进一步地，所述的进气口、平缓气流通道、混合槽、局部缩口气流通道、异形进气道喉口依次连通，所述的异形进气道喉口与气缸盖喉口引流通道相衔接。
进一步地，所述平缓气流通道的截面积从进气口向混合槽一侧逐渐减小。
进一步地，所述座圈底部倒角孔的轴心线相对于进气门的轴心线偏心布置，且所述进气门的轴心线向气缸盖进气道的进气口一侧偏移。
本发明的技术方案二是这样的，一种发动机气缸盖，所述气缸盖包括上述的发动机进气结构。
有益效果
本发明与现有技术相比，具有以下优点：
本发明的发动机进气结构，通过设置由平缓气流通道、进气口、混合槽、局部缩口气流通道、异形进气道喉口组成的气缸盖进气道，与气缸盖喉口引流通道、气门座圈喉口、气门座圈密封锥孔、座圈底部倒角孔配合，形成进气结构，气流从进气口进入，沿着平缓气流通道进入局部缩口气流通道后，气流围绕混合槽和气门导管向下运动到气缸盖喉口引流通道位置时气流运动发生偏 转，涡流强度增加；最终经过气门座圈密封锥孔和座圈底部倒角孔时，大部分气流沿着座圈底部倒角孔中心与进气门中心的连线方向进入气缸内部，涡流强度进一步加强，这样可以获得较大的涡流比和较高的流量系数，能够保证较高的流量参数，促使发动机燃烧室内燃料与新鲜空气混合更加均匀。
附图说明
图1为本发明的结构示意图；
图2为本发明中气缸盖进气道的砂芯主视结构示意图；
图3为本发明中气缸盖进气道的砂芯仰视结构示意图。
其中：1-气缸盖本体、2-气缸盖进气道、3-进气门、4-气门导管、5-气缸盖喉口引流通道、6-气门座圈喉口、7-气门座圈密封锥孔、8-座圈底部倒角孔、9-气门座圈、21-平缓气流通道、22-进气口、23-混合槽、24-局部缩口气流通道、25-异形进气道喉口。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图中的具体实施例对本发明做进一步的说明。
参阅图1-3，本发明的一种发动机进气结构，包括气缸盖进气道2，气缸盖进气道2横向开设在气缸盖本体1上，在气缸盖进气道2末端设有气缸盖喉口引流通道5，气缸盖喉口引流通道5竖向开设，改变气流方向，气缸盖喉口引流通道5末端设有气门座圈喉口6，气门座圈喉口6末端设有气门座圈密封锥孔7，气门座圈密封锥孔7末端设有与燃烧室连通的座圈底部倒角孔8，座圈底部倒角孔8的锥度为110°，气门座圈喉口6、气门座圈密封锥孔7均开设有在气门座圈9上，座圈底部倒角孔8开设在气缸盖本体1上，气缸盖进气道2、气缸盖喉口引流通道5、气门座圈喉口6、气门座圈密封锥孔7、座圈底部倒角孔8依次连通，将空气从气缸盖本体1外侧引入燃烧室。
优选的，气缸盖喉口引流通道5为上小下大的结构，包括上部圆锥、中间 过渡圆角和下部圆柱，其中，上部圆锥、中间过渡圆角和下部圆柱依次衔接相连，使气流流动顺畅。
优选的，气缸盖进气道2包括平缓气流通道21，其中，在平缓气流通道21上靠近气缸盖1侧面的一端设有进气口22，平缓气流通道21上位于气门导管4处设有混合槽23，空气汇集在混合槽23内，对气流进行撞击混合，在混合槽23下方设有局部缩口气流通道24，减小流通面积，增加气体流失，在局部缩口气流通道24末端设有异形进气道喉口25，进气口22、平缓气流通道21、混合槽23、局部缩口气流通道24、异形进气道喉口25依次连通，异形进气道喉口25与气缸盖喉口引流通道5相衔接。平缓气流通道21的截面积从进气口22向混合槽23一侧逐渐减小，增加气体流速。
优选的，座圈底部倒角孔8的轴心线相对于进气门3的轴心线偏心布置，且进气门3的轴心线向气缸盖进气道2的进气口22一侧偏移。
本发明的发动机进气结构，在使用时，发动机按照设定好的配气正时相位打开进气门3时，气流从进气口22进入，沿着平缓气流通道21进入局部缩口气流通道24后，气流围绕混合槽23和气门导管4向下运动到气缸盖喉口引流通道5位置时气流运动发生偏转，涡流强度增加；最终经过气门座圈密封锥孔7和座圈底部倒角孔8时，大部分气流沿着座圈底部倒角孔8中心与进气门3中心的连线方向进入气缸内部的燃烧室，涡流强度进一步加强，这样可以获得较大的涡流比和较高的流量系数，能够保证较高的流量参数，促使发动机燃烧室内燃料与新鲜空气混合更加均匀；同时，在设计过程中，也容易调整局部缩口气流通道尺寸和座圈底部倒角孔的偏心距、角度和倒角大径等参数时可以获得不同的涡流比。
一种发动机气缸盖，所述气缸盖包括上述的发动机进气结构。
以上所述的仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出对于本领域的技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明结构的前提下，还可以作出若干变形和改进，这些都不 会影响本发明实施的效果和专利的实用性。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种发动机进气结构，其特征在于，包括气缸盖进气道(2)，所述的气缸盖进气道(2)末端设有气缸盖喉口引流通道(5)，所述的气缸盖喉口引流通道(5)末端设有气门座圈喉口(6)，所述的气门座圈喉口(6)末端设有气门座圈密封锥孔(7)，所述的气门座圈密封锥孔(7)末端设有与燃烧室连通的座圈底部倒角孔(8)，所述的气缸盖进气道(2)、气缸盖喉口引流通道(5)、气门座圈喉口(6)、气门座圈密封锥孔(7)、座圈底部倒角孔(8)依次连通。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种发动机进气结构，其特征在于，所述的气缸盖喉口引流通道(5)为上小下大的结构，包括上部圆锥、中间过渡圆角和下部圆柱，所述的上部圆锥、中间过渡圆角和下部圆柱依次衔接相连。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种发动机进气结构，其特征在于，所述的气缸盖进气道(2)包括平缓气流通道(21)，所述的平缓气流通道(21)上靠近气缸盖(1)侧面的一端设有进气口(22)，所述的平缓气流通道(21)上位于气门导管(4)处设有混合槽(23)，所述的混合槽(23)下方设有局部缩口气流通道(24)，所述的局部缩口气流通道(24)末端设有异形进气道喉口(25)。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种发动机进气结构，其特征在于，所述的进气口(22)、平缓气流通道(21)、混合槽(23)、局部缩口气流通道(24)、异形进气道喉口(25)依次连通，所述的异形进气道喉口(25)与气缸盖喉口引流通道(5)相衔接。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的一种发动机进气结构，其特征在于，所述平缓气流通道(21)的截面积从进气口(22)向混合槽(23)一侧逐渐减小。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种发动机进气结构，其特征在于，所述座圈底部倒角孔(8)的轴心线相对于进气门(3)的轴心线偏心布置，且所述进气门(3)的轴心线向气缸盖进气道(2)的进气口(22)一侧偏移。
  7. 一种发动机气缸盖，其特征在于，所述气缸盖包括权利要求1-6中任意一项所述的发动机进气结构。
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