WO2022011873A1 - 耐高温玻璃纤维机织布及其制备方法 - Google Patents

耐高温玻璃纤维机织布及其制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2022011873A1
WO2022011873A1 PCT/CN2020/122744 CN2020122744W WO2022011873A1 WO 2022011873 A1 WO2022011873 A1 WO 2022011873A1 CN 2020122744 W CN2020122744 W CN 2020122744W WO 2022011873 A1 WO2022011873 A1 WO 2022011873A1
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glass fiber
high temperature
woven
agent
temperature resistant
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PCT/CN2020/122744
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English (en)
French (fr)
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罗洪杰
王诏田
姜昊
张鸿帅
李晓明
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抚顺天成环保科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2022011873A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022011873A1/zh

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/04—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06N3/047—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds with fluoropolymers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
    • D06N3/0006—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using woven fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
    • D06N3/0015—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using fibres of specified chemical or physical nature, e.g. natural silk
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
    • D06N3/0015—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using fibres of specified chemical or physical nature, e.g. natural silk
    • D06N3/0022—Glass fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/12—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins
    • D06N3/125—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins with polyamides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/12—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins
    • D06N3/14—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins with polyurethanes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/18—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with two layers of different macromolecular materials
    • D06N3/183—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with two layers of different macromolecular materials the layers are one next to the other
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N2201/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads or yarns
    • D06N2201/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • D06N2201/029—Fluoropolymer fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N2201/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads or yarns
    • D06N2201/08—Inorganic fibres
    • D06N2201/082—Glass fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
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    • D06N2209/00—Properties of the materials
    • D06N2209/06—Properties of the materials having thermal properties
    • D06N2209/067—Flame resistant, fire resistant
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N2209/00—Properties of the materials
    • D06N2209/10—Properties of the materials having mechanical properties
    • D06N2209/103—Resistant to mechanical forces, e.g. shock, impact, puncture, flexion, shear, compression, tear
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N2209/00—Properties of the materials
    • D06N2209/14—Properties of the materials having chemical properties
    • D06N2209/143—Inert, i.e. inert to chemical degradation, corrosion resistant
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N2213/00—Others characteristics
    • D06N2213/02—All layers being of the same kind of material, e.g. all layers being of polyolefins, all layers being of polyesters

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to the technical field of high temperature filtration, and in particular to a Fugao high temperature resistant glass fiber woven fabric and a preparation method thereof.
  • Glass fiber has the characteristics of non-toxic and harmless to the environment, good high and low temperature resistance, high modulus and insulation. It is widely used in reinforced composite materials, geotextiles, automotive cord fabrics, filtration, ballistic protection fabrics and other fields. In the field of high-temperature filter materials, glass fiber has excellent temperature resistance, acid and alkali resistance, and low cost. However, due to the easy oxidation of glass fibers in high temperature environments, the mechanical properties of glass fibers will decrease at high temperatures. In the temperature range of 240-320 °C, the strength of glass fibers decays rapidly. Moreover, as the exposure time of glass fiber woven fabrics in a high temperature environment is prolonged, its mechanical properties will decrease, and its mechanical properties will be brittle, making it difficult to withstand the pressure of high temperature flue gas, resulting in local rupture.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a high temperature resistant glass fiber woven fabric and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problem that the glass fiber in the prior art is easily oxidized in a high temperature environment, and its mechanical properties at high temperature will decrease. It is difficult to withstand the pressure of high temperature flue gas, and it is prone to local rupture and other problems.
  • the woven fabric includes a base fabric and an organic coating, and the base fabric is coated with the organic coating;
  • the base cloth is woven from glass fibers or composite fibers in which glass fibers and polytetrafluoroethylene fibers are combined into strands.
  • a layer of organic coating with high strength, high temperature resistance, acid and alkali resistance, and moisture resistance is coated on the surface of the base cloth containing glass fibers, so that the woven cloth has high temperature resistance, acid and alkali resistance, moisture resistance and strength.
  • the high temperature resistant filter fabric manufactured by it can greatly reduce the strength loss rate at high temperature of 240-320 °C, thereby prolonging the service life of the fabric.
  • a reinforcement layer is provided on the surface of the base fabric, and the organic coating is coated on the side of the reinforcement layer away from the base fabric.
  • the diameter of the glass fibers is 5-13 microns.
  • the twist of the composite fibers is 100-350 twists; the glass fibers account for the composite fibers.
  • the polytetrafluoroethylene fiber accounts for 1-50% of the composite fiber; the diameter of the polytetrafluoroethylene fiber is 1-50 microns.
  • the organic coating is a polytetrafluoroethylene film, a polyurethane film or a polyimide film.
  • a preparation method of Fugao high temperature resistant glass fiber woven cloth, the woven cloth is the above-mentioned woven cloth, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
  • the finished yarn is obtained by dewaxing, twisting, impregnating and baking glass fiber or composite fiber composed of glass fiber and polytetrafluoroethylene fiber.
  • the finished yarn is woven into a plain or twill base fabric by air-jet spinning;
  • the coating step may be to coat the foamed organic agent on the dust-facing surface of the base cloth, scrape off excess foam with a scraper, and then dry to form, or hot-press a layer of organic coating on the base cloth.
  • dewaxing is to remove the factory sizing agent on the surface of the fiber, because the factory sizing agent does not help the temperature resistance of the fiber.
  • the fibers are twisted and intertwined to be more firm and compact. The tighter the yarn is, the higher the twist, the tighter the woven fabric, the better the drape and the faster the fastness.
  • Impregnation is to immerse the fibers in the treatment agent, and after subsequent baking, a composite protective film can be formed on the surface of the fibers, thereby improving the properties of the fibers.
  • Baking treatment is to treat the yarn at high temperature to control parameters such as fineness, dry heat shrinkage, strength, elongation at break and so on.
  • preparation method comprises the steps:
  • the finished yarn is obtained by dewaxing, twisting, impregnating and baking the glass fiber;
  • the finished yarn is woven into a plain or twill base fabric by air-jet spinning;
  • the base cloth After drying, the base cloth is immersed in a post-treatment agent, and post-treatment is performed at 300-400 ° C;
  • the post-treatment agent includes polytetrafluoroethylene, a film-forming agent and a roughening agent;
  • a layer of organic coating is applied on the post-treated base fabric.
  • a reinforcing layer containing PTFE material is first formed on the surface of the base cloth, which can inhibit the sliding between glass fibers on the one hand, and on the other hand, Because the reinforcement layer contains polytetrafluoroethylene material, the polarity of which is close to that of the organic coating material.
  • the organic coating can be more firmly attached to the surface of the base fabric under high temperature conditions, and there will be no separation. It can better protect the glass fiber and greatly reduce the strength loss rate of the glass fiber, thereby prolonging the service life of the fabric.
  • the post-treatment agent includes the following components in mass percentage: 8-15% of polytetrafluoroethylene, 1-5% of coupling agent, 5-10% of film-forming agent, 0.5-5% of roughening agent, soft and lubricating
  • the dosage is 5-15%, and the balance is water.
  • the post-treatment agent includes the following components by mass: 12% of polytetrafluoroethylene, 2% of coupling agent, 5% of film-forming agent, 1.5% of roughening agent, 12% of softening lubricant, and the balance is water .
  • the coupling agent is a silane coupling agent
  • the film-forming agent is one or more of acrylic resin, silicone-acrylic resin, styrene-acrylic resin, polyurethane, and epoxy resin
  • the roughening agent It is one or more of silica sol, silicate aqueous solution and ultrafine graphite milk
  • the soft lubricant is one or more of silicone oil, imidazoline lubricant, pentaerythritol stearate, pentaerythritol oleate kind.
  • the function of the film-forming agent is to form a continuous protective layer on the surface of the fiber to increase the mechanical properties and high temperature resistance of the fiber. Roughness, thereby dispersing the stress on the fiber, can increase the mechanical properties of the fiber; the function of the soft lubricant is to make the fiber smooth and conductive, and reduce the damage caused by friction.
  • a Fugao high temperature resistant glass fiber woven fabric is coated with a layer of organic coating with high strength, high temperature resistance, acid and alkali resistance, and moisture resistance on the surface of the base fabric containing glass fibers, so that the woven fabric has It has the advantages of high temperature resistance, acid and alkali resistance, moisture resistance and high strength.
  • the high temperature filter fabrics made of it can greatly reduce the strength loss rate at 240-320 °C, thereby prolonging the service life of the fabric.
  • the preparation method of Fugao high temperature resistant glass fiber woven fabric in the embodiment of the present application The glass fiber and the polytetrafluoroethylene fiber are combined into strands to make composite fibers, and then the composite fibers are woven into a base fabric, so that the base fabric contains
  • the component with similar polarity to the organic coating is beneficial to the organic coating to adhere more firmly to the surface of the base fabric under high temperature conditions, without detachment, which can better protect the glass fiber and greatly reduce the strength of the glass fiber loss rate, thereby extending the service life of the fabric.
  • a reinforcement layer containing a polytetrafluoroethylene material is formed on the surface of the base fabric.
  • the polarity of the layer is close to that of the organic coating material. According to the similar compatibility principle, the organic coating can be more firmly attached to the surface of the base fabric under high temperature conditions, and there will be no detachment, which can better protect the glass fiber. Significantly reduces the loss rate of glass fiber strength, thereby extending the service life of the fabric.
  • Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of Fugao high temperature resistant glass fiber woven cloth provided by the embodiment 1 of this application;
  • Fig. 2 is the structural representation of a kind of Fugao high temperature resistant glass fiber woven cloth provided by the embodiment 2 of this application;
  • a Fugao high temperature resistant glass fiber woven fabric includes a base fabric 1 and an organic coating 2, and the base fabric 1 is coated with the organic coating 2; the base fabric 1 is made of Glass fibers are woven; the glass fibers are 13 microns in diameter.
  • the surface of the base fabric 1 is provided with a reinforcement layer 3 , and the organic coating 2 is coated on the side of the reinforcement layer 3 away from the base fabric 1 .
  • a Fugao high temperature resistant glass fiber woven fabric includes a base fabric 1 and an organic coating 2, and the surface of the base fabric 1 is coated with the organic coating 2; the base fabric 1 is It is woven from a composite fiber composed of glass fiber and polytetrafluoroethylene fiber.
  • the twist of the conjugate fiber was 200 twists.
  • the glass fibers have a diameter of 5 microns.
  • the glass fiber accounts for 50% of the composite fiber
  • the polytetrafluoroethylene fiber accounts for 50% of the composite fiber
  • the diameter of the polytetrafluoroethylene fiber is 25 microns.
  • the organic coating is a polytetrafluoroethylene film.
  • Embodiment 2 This embodiment is different from Embodiment 2 except the following technical features, and other technical features are the same as Embodiment 2:
  • the twist of the conjugate fiber was 350 twists.
  • the glass fibers have a diameter of 10 microns.
  • the glass fiber accounts for 95% of the composite fiber, and the polytetrafluoroethylene fiber accounts for 5% of the composite fiber; the diameter of the polytetrafluoroethylene fiber is 50 microns.
  • the organic coating is a polyurethane film.
  • the preparation method of a kind of Fugao high temperature resistant glass fiber woven fabric described in embodiment 1 comprises the following steps:
  • Step 1 Dewaxing, preparing twisting, twisting, dipping, and baking the glass fiber to obtain finished yarn; preparing twisting is to adjust the twist in order to control parameters such as fineness, strength, and pre-shrinkage;
  • Step 2 Weaving the finished yarn into a plain weave or a twill weave by air-jet weaving. Warping is carried out first, and the finished yarn is arranged on the warp beam through the warping machine to control parameters such as tension, width, and number of warps. Then the warp yarn on the beam is passed through the dropper, heald and reed according to a certain rule. Re-introduce the weft to weave the base fabric;
  • Step 3 After drying the base cloth, immerse it in a post-treatment agent, and perform post-treatment at 300-400 ° C;
  • the post-treatment agent includes the following components by mass percentage: 12% polytetrafluoroethylene, 2%
  • the film-forming agent is 5%, the roughening agent is 1.5%, the softening lubricant is 12%, and the balance is water;
  • the coupling agent is A-151 coupling agent;
  • the film-forming agent is acrylic resin;
  • the roughening agent It silica sol;
  • the softening lubricant is pentaerythritol stearate.
  • Step 4 Coating a layer of organic coating on the post-treated base cloth.
  • the woven fabric prepared under this condition has excellent performance.
  • the performance test data of the woven fabric processed by this method are as follows:
  • the preparation method of a kind of Fugao high temperature resistant glass fiber woven fabric described in embodiment 2 comprises the following steps:
  • Step 1 Combine the glass fiber and the PTFE fiber into strands to form a composite fiber, and the composite fiber is subjected to dewaxing, twist preparation, twisting, dipping, and baking to obtain a finished yarn; the twist preparation is to adjust the twist. , in order to control parameters such as fineness, strength, pre-shrinkage, etc.;
  • Step 2 Weaving the finished yarn into a plain weave or a twill weave by air-jet weaving. Warping is carried out first, and the finished yarn is arranged on the warp beam through the warping machine to control parameters such as tension, width, and number of warps. Then the warp yarn on the beam is passed through the dropper, heald and reed according to a certain rule. Re-introduce the weft to weave the base fabric;
  • Step 3 Coating a layer of organic coating on the base cloth.
  • the PTFE fibers with the polarity close to the organic coating material are arranged in the base cloth.
  • the organic coating can be more firmly attached to the surface of the base cloth under high temperature conditions. There will be no detachment, which can better protect the glass fiber, greatly reduce the loss rate of glass fiber strength, and prolong the service life of the fabric.
  • the performance test data of the woven fabric processed by this method are as follows:
  • Embodiment 4 The technical scheme of this embodiment is different from Embodiment 4 except the following technical scheme, and other technical schemes are the same as Embodiment 4:
  • Step 3 After drying the base cloth, immerse it in a post-treatment agent, and perform post-treatment at 300-400 ° C;
  • the film-forming agent is 5%, the roughening agent is 1.5%, the softening lubricant is 8%, and the balance is water;
  • the coupling agent is A-151 coupling agent;
  • the film-forming agent is styrene-acrylic resin;
  • the roughening agent is The agent is an aqueous silicate solution;
  • the softening lubricant is silicone oil.
  • the woven fabric prepared under this condition has low cost.
  • the performance test data of the woven fabric processed by this method are as follows:
  • Embodiment 4 The technical scheme of this embodiment is different from Embodiment 4 except the following technical scheme, and other technical schemes are the same as Embodiment 4:
  • Step 3 After drying the base cloth, immerse it in a post-treatment agent, and carry out post-treatment at 300-400 ° C;
  • the film-forming agent is 8%, the roughening agent is 0.5%, the softening lubricant is 5%, and the balance is water;
  • the coupling agent is A-151 coupling agent;
  • the film-forming agent is polyurethane;
  • the roughening agent is The agent is ultrafine graphite milk;
  • the soft lubricant is an imidazoline lubricant.
  • the woven fabric prepared under this condition has low cost.
  • the performance test data of the woven fabric processed by this method are as follows:
  • Embodiment 4 The technical scheme of the present embodiment is different from Embodiment 4 except the following technical scheme, and other technical schemes are the same as Embodiment 4:
  • Step 3 After drying the base cloth, immerse it in a post-treatment agent, and carry out post-treatment at 300-400 ° C; 10% film-forming agent, 5% roughening agent, 15% softening lubricant, and the balance is water; the coupling agent is A-151 coupling agent; the film-forming agent is epoxy resin; the roughening agent The agent is ultrafine graphite milk; the soft lubricant is pentaerythritol oleate.
  • the woven fabric prepared under this condition has excellent performance.
  • the performance test data of the woven fabric processed by this method are as follows:

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)

Abstract

一种耐高温玻璃纤维机织布及其制备方法，涉及高温过滤技术领域，所述机织布包括基布和有机涂层，所述基布上涂覆有所述有机涂层；所述基布是由玻璃纤维或者由玻璃纤维与聚四氟乙烯纤维并线成股的复合纤维编织而成。一种耐高温玻璃纤维机织布在含有玻璃纤维的基布表面涂覆一层具有强度大、耐高温、耐酸碱、耐湿的有机涂层，使得该机织布具有耐高温、耐酸碱、耐湿和强度大等优点，用其制造的耐高温过滤纺织物，在240-320℃高温下可以大幅度降低强度损失率，从而延长织物的使用寿命。

Description

一种抚高耐高温玻璃纤维机织布及其制备方法
本申请要求于2020年07月16日提交中国专利局、申请号为CN202010687163.7、申请名称为“一种抚高耐高温玻璃纤维机织布及其制备方法”的中国专利的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请实施例涉及高温过滤技术领域，具体涉及一种抚高耐高温玻璃纤维机织布及其制备方法。
背景技术
玻璃纤维具有对环境无毒无害、耐高低温性能好、高模量和绝缘性等特点，其广泛应用于增强复合材料、土工布、汽车帘子布、过滤、弹道防护织物等领域。在高温过滤材料领域，玻璃纤维的耐温性以及耐酸碱性优异，成本低廉。但玻璃纤维由于在高温环境下易氧化，其高温下的机械性能会下降。在240-320℃的温度区间内，玻璃纤维的强度快速衰减。并且，随着玻璃纤维机织布在高温环境中的暴露时间的延长，其机械性能会下降，并呈脆性，难以承受高温烟气的压力，导致局部破裂。
申请内容
为此，本申请实施例提供一种抚高耐高温玻璃纤维机织布及其制备方法，以解决现有技术中玻璃纤维由于在高温环境下易氧化，其高温下的机械性能会下降而导致的玻璃纤维机织布难以承受高温烟气的压力，易出现局部破裂等问题。
为了实现上述目的，本申请实施例提供如下技术方案：
根据本申请实施例的第一方面，一种抚高耐高温玻璃纤维机织布， 所述机织布包括基布和有机涂层，所述基布上涂覆有所述有机涂层；所述基布是由玻璃纤维或者由玻璃纤维与聚四氟乙烯纤维并线成股的复合纤维编织而成。
通过上述技术方案，在含有玻璃纤维的基布表面涂覆一层具有强度大、耐高温、耐酸碱、耐湿的有机涂层，使得该机织布具有耐高温、耐酸碱、耐湿和强度大等优点，用其制造的耐高温过滤纺织物，在240-320℃高温下可以大幅度降低强度损失率，从而延长织物的使用寿命。
进一步地，所述基布是由玻璃纤维编织而成时，所述基布的表面设置有加固层，所述加固层背离基布的一侧涂覆有所述有机涂层。
进一步地，所述玻璃纤维的直径为5-13微米。
进一步地，所述基布是由玻璃纤维与聚四氟乙烯纤维并线成股的复合纤维编织而成时，所述复合纤维的捻度为100-350捻；所述玻璃纤维占所述复合纤维的50-99％，所述聚四氟乙烯纤维占所述复合纤维的1-50％；所述聚四氟乙烯纤维的直径为1-50微米。
进一步地，所述有机涂层为聚四氟乙烯膜、聚氨酯膜或者聚酰亚胺膜。
一种抚高耐高温玻璃纤维机织布的制备方法，所述机织布为上述机织布，所述制备方法包括如下步骤：
将玻璃纤维或者由玻璃纤维与聚四氟乙烯纤维并线成股的复合纤维经过脱蜡、加捻、浸渍、烘焙处理制得成品纱线；
将成品纱线用喷气纺织法织成平纹或者斜纹的基布；
在基布上涂覆一层有机涂层。进一步地，涂覆环节可以为将发泡的有机药剂覆于基布的迎尘面，用刮板刮去多余的泡沫后干燥形成，也可以在基布上热压一层有机涂层。
通过上述技术方案，脱蜡是将纤维表面的出厂浸润剂脱去，因为出厂浸润剂对纤维的耐温性能没有帮助。纤维经过加捻相互缠绕才能更加结实紧致，纱线绕的越紧也就是捻度越高，织出来的布就相对越紧致，垂感好，更牢度。浸渍是将纤维浸入处理剂中，经过后续烘焙可以在纤 维表面形成一层复合保护膜，从而提高纤维的各项性能。烘焙处理是将纱线经高温处理，控制纤度、干热收缩、强度、断裂伸长率等参数。
进一步地，所述制备方法包括如下步骤：
将玻璃纤维经过脱蜡、加捻、浸渍、烘焙处理制得成品纱线；
将成品纱线用喷气纺织法织成平纹或者斜纹的基布；
将基布烘干后浸入后处理剂中，在300-400℃下进行后处理；所述后处理剂包括聚四氟乙烯、成膜剂和增糙剂；
在经过后处理后的基布上涂覆一层有机涂层。
通过上述技术方案，在基布上涂覆有机涂层之前，在基布的表面先形成一层含有聚四氟乙烯材料的加固层，一方面能抑制玻璃纤维之间的滑动，另一方面，因为加固层中含有聚四氟乙烯材料，其与有机涂层材料的极性接近，根据相似相容原理，能够使有机涂层在高温条件下更牢固地依附在基布表面，不会出现脱离的情况，能更好地保护玻璃纤维，大幅度降低玻璃纤维强度损失率，从而延长织物的使用寿命。
进一步地，所述后处理剂包括如下质量百分比的成分：聚四氟乙烯8-15％、偶联剂1-5％、成膜剂5-10％、增糙剂0.5-5％、柔软润滑剂5-15％、余量为水。
进一步地，所述后处理剂包括如下质量百分比的成分：聚四氟乙烯12％、偶联剂2％、成膜剂5％、增糙剂1.5％、柔软润滑剂12％、余量为水。
进一步地，所述偶联剂为硅烷类偶联剂；所述成膜剂为丙烯酸树脂、硅丙树脂、苯丙树脂、聚氨酯、环氧树脂中的一种或几种；所述增糙剂为硅溶胶、硅酸盐水溶液、超细石墨乳中的一种或几种；所述柔软润滑剂为硅油、咪唑啉润滑剂、季戊四醇硬脂酸酯、季戊四醇油酸酯中的一种或几种。
成膜剂的作用在于在纤维表面形成一层连续的保护层从而增加纤维的力学性能以及耐高温能力，是后处理剂的核心成分；增糙剂的作用在于附着在纤维表面上增加纤维表面的粗糙度，从而分散纤维受到的应力， 能增加纤维的力学性能；柔软润滑剂的作用在于使纤维变得顺滑且导电，减少受到摩擦力带来的损害。
本申请实施例具有如下优点：
本申请实施例一种抚高耐高温玻璃纤维机织布在含有玻璃纤维的基布表面涂覆一层具有强度大、耐高温、耐酸碱、耐湿的有机涂层，使得该机织布具有耐高温、耐酸碱、耐湿和强度大等优点，用其制造的耐高温过滤纺织物，在240-320℃高温下可以大幅度降低强度损失率，从而延长织物的使用寿命。
本申请实施例一种抚高耐高温玻璃纤维机织布的制备方法将玻璃纤维与聚四氟乙烯纤维并线成股制成复合纤维，然后再复合纤维编织成基布，使基布中存在与有机涂层具有相似极性的成分，有利于有机涂层在高温条件下更牢固地依附在基布表面，不会出现脱离的情况，能更好地保护玻璃纤维，大幅度降低玻璃纤维强度损失率，从而延长织物的使用寿命。
本申请实施例一种抚高耐高温玻璃纤维机织布的制备方法在基布上涂覆有机涂层之前，在基布的表面先形成一层含有聚四氟乙烯材料的加固层，该加固层与有机涂层材料的极性接近，根据相似相容原理，能够使有机涂层在高温条件下更牢固地依附在基布表面，不会出现脱离的情况，能更好地保护玻璃纤维，大幅度降低玻璃纤维强度损失率，从而延长织物的使用寿命。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请的实施方式或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施方式或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍。显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是示例性的，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据提供的附图引伸获得其它的实施附图。
本说明书所绘示的结构、比例、大小等，均仅用以配合说明书所揭 示的内容，以供熟悉此技术的人士了解与阅读，并非用以限定本申请可实施的限定条件，故不具技术上的实质意义，任何结构的修饰、比例关系的改变或大小的调整，在不影响本申请所能产生的功效及所能达成的目的下，均应仍落在本申请所揭示的技术内容得能涵盖的范围内。
图1为本申请实施例1提供的一种抚高耐高温玻璃纤维机织布的结构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例2提供的一种抚高耐高温玻璃纤维机织布的结构示意图；
图中：基布1，有机涂层2，加固层3。
具体实施方式
以下由特定的具体实施例说明本申请的实施方式，熟悉此技术的人士可由本说明书所揭露的内容轻易地了解本申请的其他优点及功效，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
实施例1
如图1所示的一种抚高耐高温玻璃纤维机织布包括基布1和有机涂层2，所述基布1上涂覆有所述有机涂层2；所述基布1是由玻璃纤维编织而成；所述玻璃纤维的直径为13微米。
所述基布1的表面设置有加固层3，所述加固层3背离基布1的一侧涂覆有所述有机涂层2。
实施例2
如图2所示的一种抚高耐高温玻璃纤维机织布包括基布1和有机涂层2，所述基布1的表面涂覆有所述有机涂层2；所述基布1是由玻璃纤维与聚四氟乙烯纤维并线成股的复合纤维编织而成。
所述复合纤维的捻度为200捻。
所述玻璃纤维的直径为5微米。
所述玻璃纤维占所述复合纤维的50％，所述聚四氟乙烯纤维占所述复合纤维的50％；所述聚四氟乙烯纤维的直径为25微米。
所述有机涂层为聚四氟乙烯膜。
实施例3
本实施例除了以下技术特征与实施例2不同，其他技术特征同实施例2：
所述复合纤维的捻度为350捻。
所述玻璃纤维的直径为10微米。
所述玻璃纤维占所述复合纤维的95％，所述聚四氟乙烯纤维占所述复合纤维的5％；所述聚四氟乙烯纤维的直径为50微米。
所述有机涂层为聚氨酯膜。
实施例4
实施例1所述的一种抚高耐高温玻璃纤维机织布的制备方法包括如下步骤：
步骤一、将玻璃纤维经过脱蜡、备捻、加捻、浸渍、烘焙处理制得成品纱线；备捻就是要调配捻度，以便控制纤度、强度、预收缩等参数；
步骤二、将成品纱线用喷气纺织法织成平纹或者斜纹的基布。首先进行整经，将成品纱线通过整经机整理在经轴上，以便控制张力、幅宽、经纱数量等参数。然后将经轴上的经纱按一定的规律穿过停经片、综丝和筘。再引入纬线织成基布；
步骤三、将基布烘干后浸入后处理剂中，在300-400℃下进行后处理；所述后处理剂包括如下质量百分比的成分：聚四氟乙烯12％、偶联剂2％、成膜剂5％、增糙剂1.5％、柔软润滑剂12％、余量为水；所述偶联剂为A-151偶联剂；所述成膜剂为丙烯酸树脂；所述增糙剂为硅溶胶；所述柔软润滑剂为季戊四醇硬脂酸酯。
步骤四、在经过后处理后的基布上涂覆一层有机涂层。
采用该条件下制备的机织布性能优异。经该方法处理的机织布性能测试数据如下：
温度 240℃ 280℃ 320℃
强度保持率 90％ 78％ 62％
实施例5
实施例2所述的一种抚高耐高温玻璃纤维机织布的制备方法包括如下步骤：
步骤一、将玻璃纤维和与聚四氟乙烯纤维并线成股形成复合纤维，将复合纤维经过脱蜡、备捻、加捻、浸渍、烘焙处理制得成品纱线；备捻就是要调配捻度，以便控制纤度、强度、预收缩等参数；
步骤二、将成品纱线用喷气纺织法织成平纹或者斜纹的基布。首先进行整经，将成品纱线通过整经机整理在经轴上，以便控制张力、幅宽、经纱数量等参数。然后将经轴上的经纱按一定的规律穿过停经片、综丝和筘。再引入纬线织成基布；
步骤三、在基布上涂覆一层有机涂层。
通过上述技术方案，在基布中设置与有机涂层材料的极性接近的聚四氟乙烯纤维，根据相似相容原理，能够使有机涂层在高温条件下更牢固地依附在基布表面，不会出现脱离的情况，能更好地保护玻璃纤维，大幅度降低玻璃纤维强度损失率，从而延长织物的使用寿命。经该方法处理的机织布性能测试数据如下：
温度 240℃ 280℃ 320℃
强度保持率 84％ 72％ 59％
实施例6
本实施例的技术方案除了以下技术方案与实施例4不同，其他技术方案同实施例4：
步骤三、将基布烘干后浸入后处理剂中，在300-400℃下进行后处理；所述后处理剂包括如下质量百分比的成分：聚四氟乙烯8％、偶联剂2％、成膜剂5％、增糙剂1.5％、柔软润滑剂8％、余量为水；所述偶联剂为 A-151偶联剂；所述成膜剂为苯丙树脂；所述增糙剂为硅酸盐水溶液；所述柔软润滑剂为硅油。
采用该条件下制备的机织布成本低。经该方法处理的机织布性能测试数据如下：
温度 240℃ 280℃ 320℃
强度保持率 85％ 75％ 60％
实施例7
本实施例的技术方案除了以下技术方案与实施例4不同，其他技术方案同实施例4：
步骤三、将基布烘干后浸入后处理剂中，在300-400℃下进行后处理；所述后处理剂包括如下质量百分比的成分：聚四氟乙烯10％、偶联剂1％、成膜剂8％、增糙剂0.5％、柔软润滑剂5％、余量为水；所述偶联剂为A-151偶联剂；所述成膜剂为聚氨脂；所述增糙剂为超细石墨乳；所述柔软润滑剂为咪唑啉润滑剂。
采用该条件下制备的机织布成本低。经该方法处理的机织布性能测试数据如下：
温度 240℃ 280℃ 320℃
强度保持率 84％ 76％ 61％
实施例8
本实施例的技术方案除了以下技术方案与实施例4不同，其他技术方案同实施例4：
步骤三、将基布烘干后浸入后处理剂中，在300-400℃下进行后处理；所述后处理剂包括如下质量百分比的成分：聚四氟乙烯15％、偶联剂5％、成膜剂10％、增糙剂5％、柔软润滑剂15％、余量为水；所述偶联剂为A-151偶联剂；所述成膜剂为环氧树脂；所述增糙剂为超细石墨乳；所述柔软润滑剂为季戊四醇油酸酯。
采用该条件下制备的机织布性能优异。经该方法处理的机织布性能 测试数据如下：
温度 240℃ 280℃ 320℃
强度保持率 92％ 81％ 65％
虽然，上文中已经用一般性说明及具体实施例对本申请作了详尽的描述，但在本申请基础上，可以对之作一些修改或改进，这对本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的。因此，在不偏离本申请精神的基础上所做的这些修改或改进，均属于本申请要求保护的范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种抚高耐高温玻璃纤维机织布，其特征在于，所述机织布包括基布(1)和有机涂层(2)，所述基布(1)上涂覆有所述有机涂层(2)；所述基布(1)是由玻璃纤维或者由玻璃纤维与聚四氟乙烯纤维并线成股的复合纤维编织而成。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的一种抚高耐高温玻璃纤维机织布，其特征在于，所述基布(1)是由玻璃纤维编织而成时，所述基布(1)的表面设置有加固层(3)，所述加固层(3)背离基布(1)的一侧涂覆有所述有机涂层(2)。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的一种抚高耐高温玻璃纤维机织布，其特征在于，所述玻璃纤维的直径为5-13微米。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的一种抚高耐高温玻璃纤维机织布，其特征在于，所述基布(1)是由玻璃纤维与聚四氟乙烯纤维并线成股的复合纤维编织而成时，所述复合纤维的捻度为100-350捻；所述玻璃纤维占所述复合纤维的50-99％，所述聚四氟乙烯纤维占所述复合纤维的1-50％；所述聚四氟乙烯纤维的直径为1-50微米。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的一种抚高耐高温玻璃纤维机织布，其特征在于，所述有机涂层(2)为聚四氟乙烯膜、聚氨酯膜或者聚酰亚胺膜。
  6. 一种抚高耐高温玻璃纤维机织布的制备方法，其特征在于，所述机织布为权利要求1-5任一项所述机织布，所述制备方法包括如下步骤：
    将玻璃纤维或者由玻璃纤维与聚四氟乙烯纤维并线成股的复合纤维经过脱蜡、加捻、浸渍、烘焙处理制得成品纱线；
    将成品纱线用喷气纺织法织成平纹或者斜纹的基布；
    在基布上涂覆一层有机涂层。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的一种抚高耐高温玻璃纤维机织布的制备方法，其特征在于，所述制备方法包括如下步骤：
    将玻璃纤维经过脱蜡、加捻、浸渍、烘焙处理制得成品纱线；
    将成品纱线用喷气纺织法织成平纹或者斜纹的基布；
    将基布烘干后浸入后处理剂中，在300-400℃下进行后处理；所述后处理剂包括聚四氟乙烯、成膜剂和增糙剂；
    在经过后处理后的基布上涂覆一层有机涂层。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的一种抚高耐高温玻璃纤维机织布的制备方法，其特征在于，所述后处理剂包括如下质量百分比的成分：聚四氟乙烯8-15％、偶联剂1-5％、成膜剂5-10％、增糙剂0.5-5％、柔软润滑剂5-15％、余量为水。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的一种抚高耐高温玻璃纤维机织布的制备方法，其特征在于，所述后处理剂包括如下质量百分比的成分：聚四氟乙烯12％、偶联剂2％、成膜剂5％、增糙剂1.5％、柔软润滑剂12％、余量为水。
  10. 如权利要求8所述的一种抚高耐高温玻璃纤维机织布的制备方法，其特征在于，所述偶联剂为硅烷类偶联剂；所述成膜剂为丙烯酸树脂、硅丙树脂、苯丙树脂、聚氨酯、环氧树脂中的一种或几种；所述增糙剂为硅溶胶、硅酸盐水溶液、超细石墨乳中的一种或几种；所述柔软润滑剂为硅油、咪唑啉润滑剂、季戊四醇硬脂酸酯、季戊四醇油酸酯中的一种或几种。
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