WO2021259387A1 - 一种电缆沟巡检机器人 - Google Patents

一种电缆沟巡检机器人 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021259387A1
WO2021259387A1 PCT/CN2021/113856 CN2021113856W WO2021259387A1 WO 2021259387 A1 WO2021259387 A1 WO 2021259387A1 CN 2021113856 W CN2021113856 W CN 2021113856W WO 2021259387 A1 WO2021259387 A1 WO 2021259387A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
plate
block
cable trench
camera
inspection robot
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2021/113856
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2021259387A9 (zh
Inventor
孙韬
范明豪
张佳庆
谢佳
严波
黄道友
操松元
叶良鹏
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Anhui Electric Power Co Ltd
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Original Assignee
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Anhui Electric Power Co Ltd
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Anhui Electric Power Co Ltd, State Grid Corp of China SGCC filed Critical Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Anhui Electric Power Co Ltd
Priority to US17/622,227 priority Critical patent/US11731280B2/en
Publication of WO2021259387A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021259387A1/zh
Publication of WO2021259387A9 publication Critical patent/WO2021259387A9/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J5/00—Manipulators mounted on wheels or on carriages
    • B25J5/005—Manipulators mounted on wheels or on carriages mounted on endless tracks or belts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J11/00—Manipulators not otherwise provided for
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J19/00—Accessories fitted to manipulators, e.g. for monitoring, for viewing; Safety devices combined with or specially adapted for use in connection with manipulators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J19/00—Accessories fitted to manipulators, e.g. for monitoring, for viewing; Safety devices combined with or specially adapted for use in connection with manipulators
    • B25J19/02—Sensing devices
    • B25J19/021—Optical sensing devices
    • B25J19/023—Optical sensing devices including video camera means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
    • H02G1/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for installing, maintaining, repairing or dismantling electric cables or lines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/60—Control of cameras or camera modules
    • H04N23/695—Control of camera direction for changing a field of view, e.g. pan, tilt or based on tracking of objects
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00—Television systems
    • H04N7/18—Closed-circuit television [CCTV] systems, i.e. systems in which the video signal is not broadcast
    • H04N7/183—Closed-circuit television [CCTV] systems, i.e. systems in which the video signal is not broadcast for receiving images from a single remote source
    • H04N7/185—Closed-circuit television [CCTV] systems, i.e. systems in which the video signal is not broadcast for receiving images from a single remote source from a mobile camera, e.g. for remote control

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of cable inspection, and specifically relates to a cable trench inspection robot.
  • the occurrence of cable tunnel fire is a gradual accumulation process. With the increase of time, due to the aging of the insulation layer, the accumulation of dust and oil, the loosening of the intermediate joint, etc., the local temperature of the cable gradually rises, which may cause a fire. Before the accident, if the temperature, smoke and other conditions inside the cable tunnel can be effectively monitored in real time, the fire can be prevented in advance. Although the monitoring problem of the cable tunnel has already attracted people's attention, no proper and reasonable solution has been found.
  • thermal wire with a monitoring system for online monitoring of the cable began to appear. Specifically, a thermal wire was extended closely to the cable along the cable layout direction to detect high temperature points.
  • the shortcomings of the thermal wire are: First, the cables on both sides of the cable tunnel are arranged in bundles. The thermal wire can only monitor the high temperature changes of the adjacent cables, and is located at the farthest end. The temperature change monitoring effect of the cable is very poor. Second, when the thermal wire is arranged, due to its own rigidity and elasticity, it is often wavy and difficult to adhere to the cable. This makes it difficult for even the cable close to the thermal wire to contact the thermal wire body. There are monitoring loopholes due to the unevenness of the gap between the cables.
  • the specific organization of the tunnel inspection robot is in the invention patent application with the announcement number "CN107046252A” named “a kind of intelligent cable channel inspection robot” and the announcement number "CN207691316U” named “a kind of cable trench robot inspection robot”.
  • the “inspection system” is described in the utility model patent application.
  • the main structure is: a body and a crawler for the body to move.
  • the crawler is installed on both sides of the lower side of the body and powered by a battery.
  • the body is provided with A control system and a control pan/tilt.
  • the control system includes a main controller and a transmitting communication antenna mutually communicatively connected with the main controller.
  • the control pan/tilt includes a high-definition camera and a thermal imager which are mutually communicatively connected with the main controller.
  • the function is: real-time transmission of the working status picture of the cable in the tunnel, the temperature and humidity in the tunnel, the surface temperature of the power cable and other parameters to the technicians outside the tunnel through the wireless network; when these status parameters are abnormal, the technicians outside the tunnel It can be determined that the power cable where the robot is located has potential safety hazards, so that personnel can be organized to repair the corresponding parts.
  • the above-mentioned tunnel inspection robot is indeed very effective, but there are still the following unsolvable problems: On the one hand, when the cable tunnel is assembled with cables, taking into account the fire situation, a thick firewall will be poured in the cable tunnel every designated length.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art and provide a cable trench inspection robot with a reasonable structure and practicality.
  • the cable trench inspection robot can implement wall-piercing operations through the cable trench, thereby avoiding the existence of firewalls. A lot of usage problems caused, and then the scheduled inspection task can be completed efficiently.
  • a cable trench inspection robot characterized in that: the cable trench inspection robot includes a base deployment system and a camera lifting system arranged on the base deployment system, wherein:
  • the base unfolding system includes a bottom plate and two sets of linear action units arranged side by side arranged on the bottom plate.
  • Each set of linear action units includes two groups that can move toward and away from each other along the length of the bottom plate under the drive of a power source.
  • Moving block the moving block is hinged to the fixed end of the cantilever plate through the first vertical hinge axis, and the cantilever end of the cantilever plate is hinged to the walking part through the second vertical hinge axis, and the walking parts on the same side of the bottom plate are fixed to each other
  • the cantilever plate is also arranged with a vertical convex column, the arrangement position of the vertical convex column is separated from the arrangement position of the first vertical hinge axis, and the upper plate surface of the bottom plate is recessed with a guide A chute, an included angle exists between the long direction of the guide chute and the motion path of the moving block, and the corner tip of the included angle points to the traveling direction of the moving block when the moving block moves apart;
  • the camera lifting system includes a linear displacement unit, the linear displacement unit includes a stroke block arranged on the top plate that can perform reciprocating linear displacement along the length of the cable trench;
  • the camera upgrade system also includes an imitation four-link assembly, an imitation The bottom end of the first rocker rod of the four-bar linkage assembly extends downward and forms a hinged fit with the stroke block;
  • the bottom end of the first link rod is fixed at the end of the top plate behind the stroke block, and the top end of the first link rod forwards Extend and form a hinged fit with the bottom end of the support rod;
  • the top end of the first rocker is hinged with a first sliding sleeve, and the first sliding sleeve slide is fitted to the first connecting rod;
  • the tail end of the second connecting rod is hinged to the first At the middle section of the shaft of the rocker, the top end of the second link is hinged to the bottom end of the second rocker, the top end of the second rocker is hinged with a second sliding slee
  • the power source is a power motor
  • the output shaft of the power source is dynamically connected with a two-way screw
  • the two sets of threaded sections of each set of two-way screw are threadedly fitted with a set of moving blocks, so that the two sets of moving blocks and A set of bidirectional screw rods cooperate to form a set of linear action units.
  • the base deployment system further includes a top plate that is parallel to the bottom plate and arranged above the bottom plate; the movable block has a four-square shape, and the cantilever plate includes an upper suspension plate and a lower suspension plate, an upper suspension plate and a lower suspension plate.
  • the boards extend horizontally and are separately hinged at the top and bottom end surfaces of the moving block; the top plate is also equipped with guiding chutes, and the vertical protruding column at the upper suspension plate extends vertically upward so as to be between the guide chute at the top plate It constitutes a guiding matching relationship, and the vertical protruding column at the lower suspension plate extends vertically downward to form a guiding cooperation relationship with the guiding chute at the bottom plate; a structural strengthening function is arranged between the upper suspension plate and the lower suspension plate Reinforcing plate.
  • the top plate, bottom plate, moving block, cantilever plate and walking components cooperate to form a base; the front and rear ends of the base are both arranged with sensing parts for controlling the traveling direction of the base; two groups located at the same end of the base The sensing ends of the sensing parts are arranged horizontally and respectively point to the direction of the two side walls of the cable tunnel; the walking assembly is a crawler wheel.
  • two sets of cantilever plates at the same end of the bottom plate are arranged with synchronization gears that are in synchronization with each other.
  • the jacking assembly includes a top block; the front end of the top block is hingedly fixed to the bottom end of the first swing rod through a first horizontal hinge shaft, and the top end of the first swing rod is hingedly fixed to the front end of the bottom plate through a second horizontal hinge shaft. ; The rear end of the top block is hinged to the bottom end of the second swing rod through the third horizontal hinge shaft, and the top end of the second swing rod is power connected with the output shaft of the swing arm motor located at the bottom end of the bottom plate.
  • the top blocks are two sets of straight rods, and the two sets of top blocks are fixed to each other by a transverse tie rod to form a horizontal square frame structure.
  • the linear displacement unit includes a displacement motor and a displacement screw coaxially fixed to the output shaft of the displacement motor, the displacement screw is threaded with the stroke block; the displacement motor is located behind the top plate, and behind the top plate
  • An extension frame is also extended along the length direction of the base, and a hinge seat is provided on the extension frame to hinge the bottom end of the first link; the height of the hinge point at the bottom end of the first link is higher than the hinge point at the bottom end of the first rocker. high.
  • a support block for supporting the support rod is arranged at the shaft of the first connecting rod near the bottom end, and the support block is recessed with a placement slot for the support rod to be placed.
  • the camera assembly includes a camera base and a rotating block horizontally hinged on the camera base.
  • a first torsion motor is arranged on the rotating block.
  • the output shaft of the first torsion motor extends vertically upwards and is fixedly connected to the camera to drive the camera to produce Rotating action; the rotating block is driven by a second torsion motor arranged on the camera base to generate a pitching action.
  • a thick firewall will be arranged every designated length in the cable tunnel to isolate the cable tunnel into individual tunnel units for the purpose of physical isolation in the event of a fire; however, considering the drainage problem, A drainage ditch will be opened at the center line of the cable tunnel ground, and the drainage ditch will run through the firewall for drainage.
  • the present invention considers designing a cable trench inspection robot, which on the one hand can realize the controllable function of the camera's lifting height, so as to carry out targeted on-site adjustments for different wiring harness heights. Ensure that the multi-angle and multi-position scanning of the cables arranged in a bundle is used for the purpose of scanning and shooting, and ultimately ensure the monitoring effect. On the other hand, under the premise of meeting the above-mentioned basic requirements, it can also simultaneously ensure the minimization of the volume after storage, so as to provide basic guarantee for the follow-up operation of the cable tunnel inspection robot through the wall.
  • the present invention uses the power source on the bottom plate to provide driving force, the linear motion unit as the motion source, and the guide chute as the guide part, so that when the moving blocks produce adjacent and separated motions, The walking components on the same side of the bottom plate are forced to fit and stretch relative to the bottom plate.
  • the present invention uses the top plate as the carrier, uses the linear displacement unit as the drive source on the top plate, and uses the first rocker, the first connecting rod, the second rocker and the second connecting rod to form a parallel double crank type The imitated four-bar linkage assembly, and then a support rod with a camera assembly is arranged on the imitation four-bar linkage assembly.
  • the fitting and stretching actions of the above-mentioned walking components enable the present invention to realize the dual action functions of walking on the ground of the cable tunnel and photographing the cable, and walking in the cable trench to pass through the firewall.
  • the top plate with linear displacement unit, the imitation four-link assembly with parallel double crank function, and the support rod with the camera assembly form a bottom-up three-dimensional support system, which can be used in imitation four-link assembly and Under the action of the corresponding sliding sleeve, the accommodating function of the system is finally realized.
  • the stroke block When necessary, the stroke block is moved by the actuation of the drive source, that is, the linear displacement unit, so as to support the imitation four-bar linkage assembly, which ensures the height adjustable function of the camera assembly; when storing, the stroke block returns and drives the imitation four-link assembly
  • the rod assembly lies down, which makes the camera assembly descend and finally achieves the purpose of minimizing the volume, and its work is extremely reliable and stable.
  • the present invention can realize the wall-through operation through the cable trench, so as to avoid many usage problems caused by the existence of the firewall, and thereby can efficiently complete the predetermined inspection task.
  • the linear motion of the moving block can be realized by using the rack and pinion motion driven by the motor, or the guiding action function of the moving block can be ensured by the crank slider structure, and even the air cylinder can be used.
  • the present invention preferably adopts a power motor with a two-way screw rod, so that the moving block is threaded on the two-way screw rod to realize the compact assembly function of "one rod, two pieces", and finally The entire system can be retracted into the narrow cable trench and pass through the firewall accurately and reliably.
  • the single bottom plate structure can initially ensure the stability of the cantilever plate's stretching action; in order to further improve the above-mentioned stability, the present invention adopts a double plate structure, that is, the bottom plate and the top plate form a splint structure, thereby The cantilever plate and the moving block are clamped between the two plates, and each group of moving blocks is guided by double guide chutes to ensure the accuracy of the guiding action.
  • the reliability of the extension and retraction action of the cantilever plate can be significantly improved.
  • the arrangement of the reinforcing plate is beneficial to further improve the structural rigidity of a single cantilever plate, so as to better support the camera mounted on the present invention.
  • the walking assembly can be a roller structure, or other existing similar mechanisms that can walk on the ground.
  • the present invention preferably adopts crawler wheels as the walking component to improve its practicability, so as to maximize the use of complex working conditions in the cable tunnel.
  • the function of the jacking component is to lift the walking component when necessary, so as to lift the walking component to the height of the ground of the cable tunnel or higher than the ground of the cable tunnel, so as to facilitate subsequent deployment and walking operations, and to ensure walking After the system is deployed, the components can be naturally placed on the ground of the cable tunnel.
  • the present invention preferably adopts the bottom plate, the first swing rod, the top block and the second swing rod to connect end to end to form an imitated four-bar linkage mechanism, and then uses the second swing bar as the active rod to realize the action effect of the entire imitated four-bar linkage mechanism.
  • the top block can generate similar and separated motions relative to the bottom plate, and can also drive the walking assembly to generate lifting motions.
  • the top block can be directly made of a flat plate, or two sets of top blocks can be used in conjunction with transverse rods as described in the present invention, so that the frame mechanism is used to ensure that the rugged cable trench The adaptability of coordination.
  • the linear motion of the stroke block can be realized by the action of the rack and pinion driven by the motor, or the guiding function of the stroke block can be ensured by the crank slider structure, and even the air cylinder can be used to drive the guide rail.
  • the present invention preferably adopts a displacement motor with a displacement screw to ensure the reciprocating function of the stroke block.
  • the height of the hinge point at the bottom end of the first link is higher than the height of the hinge point at the bottom end of the first rocker, which enables the whole mechanism to fit on the base when it is retracted from the bottom, and the minimization of the volume can be effectively guaranteed .
  • the setting of the supporting block and the placement groove takes into account that the supporting rod is hingedly fitted to the top of the first connecting rod completely by its own rigidity, and the supporting effect of the second rocker is used to ensure the straightness of the rod body.
  • the overall mechanism is retracted while lying down, because the top of the support rod carries a heavier camera assembly, it may directly drop or damage the camera assembly, or cause the support rod shaft to be damaged due to impact.
  • the present invention enables the supporting rod to fall into the placing groove of the supporting block when it is dropped, on the one hand, it ensures the reliable protection effect of the supporting rod and the camera assembly; on the other hand, it also ensures that the supporting rod is in place.
  • the placement reliability of the overall structure when the volume is minimized, so as to avoid the occurrence of position deviation due to bumps in the cable trench road surface and other conditions that will affect the subsequent normal work.
  • the second torsion motor can also be used to make the camera produce a pitching motion, so as to ensure that the camera can always observe the cable in a horizontal state in real time.
  • the camera can also generate rotation through the first torsion motor to achieve the purpose of fixed-point multi-angle observation, and its observation accuracy and reliability can be significantly improved.
  • Figures 1 and 2 are schematic diagrams of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention when it is in a traveling posture
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 are schematic diagrams of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention when it is in an unfolded posture
  • Figures 5 and 6 are schematic diagrams of the three-dimensional structure of the base deployment system in the deployed posture
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the jacking assembly
  • Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the base deployment system in a traveling posture
  • Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the base deployment system in the deployed posture
  • Figure 10 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the structure shown in Figure 9 after the walking components are removed;
  • Figure 11 is an exploded view of the structure of Figure 10;
  • Figure 12 is a partial enlarged view of part I of Figure 11;
  • Figure 13 is an unfolded posture diagram of the camera lifting system
  • FIGS. 14 and 16 are schematic diagrams of the three-dimensional structure of the camera lifting system in the traveling posture
  • Figures 15 and 17 are schematic diagrams of the three-dimensional structure of the camera lifting system in an unfolded posture.
  • the cable trench inspection robot that is, the present invention, as shown in Figures 1-17, its main body includes a base deployment system and a camera lifting system arranged on the base deployment system. in:
  • the base unfolding system includes an unfolding component for driving the walking assembly 15 to stretch to walk on the ground of the cable tunnel in a traveling posture, and for driving the walking assembly 15 to return to the walking state to retract the width of the cable trench , And a jacking assembly 16 used to drive the entire system up so as to be higher than the cable trench and descend so as to be retracted into the cable trench.
  • the unfolding assembly includes a set of top plate 18, a set of bottom plate 11, a set of driving motors, that is, a power source 12, two sets of bidirectional screw rods 17, four sets of moving blocks 13, and four cantilevers. Board 14.
  • the top plate 18 and the bottom plate 11 are both rectangular in shape and horizontally arranged.
  • the gap between the top plate 18 and the bottom plate 11 constitutes a placement space for the drive motor, the bidirectional screw 17, the moving block 13, and the cantilever plate 14.
  • the two sets of bidirectional screw rods 17 are arranged side by side and parallel to the longitudinal direction of the bottom plate 11, and the same ends of the two sets of bidirectional screw rods 17 are co-poweredly connected or geared to the same set of driving motors.
  • the fixed end of the cantilever plate 14 is hinged through the first vertical hinge axis, and the cantilever end of the cantilever plate 14 is hinged and travels through the second vertical hinge axis.
  • the walking assembly 15 is a crawler wheel, and the cantilever end of the cantilever plate 14 directly forms an articulated cooperation relationship with the fixed block preset on the crawler wheel. Due to the length of the crawler wheel itself, the two sets of cantilever plates 14 on the same side of the bottom plate 11 can cooperate with a set of crawler wheels to ensure the stability and accuracy of the system during travel.
  • the cantilever plate 14 includes an upper suspension plate 14a and a lower suspension plate 14b arranged parallel to each other, and a reinforcement plate 14c arranged between the upper suspension plate 14a and the lower suspension plate 14b for structural reinforcement.
  • the upper suspension plate 14a and the lower suspension plate 14b extend horizontally and are separately hinged on the top and bottom end surfaces of the moving block 13, and the upper surface of the bottom plate 11 and the lower surface of the top plate 18 are both provided with guide chutes 19
  • the vertical convex column 14d at the upper suspension plate 14a extends vertically upward as shown in FIG. 14d extends vertically downward so as to form a guiding matching relationship with the guiding chute 19 at the bottom plate 11.
  • the jacking assembly 16 includes a four-bar mechanism formed by the bottom plate 11, the first swing rod 16b, the top block 16a, and the second swing rod 16c.
  • the swing rod 16c powers the output shaft of the swing arm motor 16d to form an active rod to realize the action effect of the entire four-bar mechanism.
  • the top block 16a can move close to and away from the bottom plate 11, and can also drive the walking assembly 15 to move up and down.
  • the top block 16a can be directly made of a flat plate, or two sets of top blocks 16a can be matched with the transverse rods 16e as described in the present invention.
  • the two sets of top blocks 16a as shown in FIG. 7 cooperate with the transverse tie rods 16e to form a square frame-like structure, which obviously requires lower flatness of the contact surface, and is especially suitable for use in a rugged cable trench environment.
  • the sensing surface of the sensing portion 30 points to the walls on both sides of the cable tunnel, so relying on the sensing surface of the sensing portion 30 can ensure that the distance between the base and the walls on both sides of the cable tunnel is The distances are always equal, and finally achieve the purpose of ensuring the automatic centering and guidance of the present invention when traveling along the cable tunnel, and will not be repeated here.
  • FIGS. 1-5 and 13-17 The specific structure of the camera lifting system is shown in FIGS. 1-5 and 13-17, including linear displacement components, imitated four-bar linkage components 22 and camera components 24 arranged in sequence from bottom to top. in:
  • FIG. 13 for the appearance of the linear displacement assembly, including a displacement screw 25 arranged at the upper surface of the top plate 18 and extending along the length of the upper surface of the top plate 18.
  • a displacement motor 26 is arranged at the end of the displacement screw 25 to act as a driving function.
  • the displacement screw 25 is threaded with a stroke block 21 to drive the displacement screw 25 to rotate through a driving motor, so as to realize the reciprocating movement of the stroke block 21.
  • an extension frame 40 is also arranged behind the displacement motor 26 for the purpose of supporting the imitation four-bar linkage assembly 22 together with the top plate 18 at the base.
  • the imitation four-bar linkage assembly 22 includes a first rocker 22a, a second rocker 22e, a first link 22b, and a second link 22d.
  • the imitation four-bar linkage assembly 22, as the name suggests, is similar in structure to a planar four-bar linkage mechanism, but as shown in Figure 13, part of the rod hinge points can be slidable relative to the other rods to realize the entire camera lifting system Can be stored and extended function.
  • the bottom end of the first rocker 22a is horizontally hinged to the stroke block 21, and the top end is sleeved at the shaft of the first connecting rod 22b through the first sliding sleeve 22c; the bottom end of the first connecting rod 22b is horizontally hinged to the extension frame 40
  • the upper and top ends are horizontally hinged to the bottom end of the support rod 23;
  • the bottom end of the second link 22d is horizontally hinged to the shaft of the first rocker 22a, and the top end is horizontally hinged to the bottom end of the second rocker 22e;
  • the second rocker 22e The top end of the rod is sleeved on the shaft of the support rod 23 through the second sliding sleeve 22f; the axes of the above-mentioned hinge joints are all parallel to each other.
  • the camera assembly 24 when the camera assembly 24 is lifted to a predetermined height, it can also be driven by the second torsion motor 24d to cause the camera 24c to produce a pitching action to ensure that the camera 24c can always be aligned in a horizontal state.
  • the camera 24c can also be rotated by the first torsion motor to drive the rotating block 24b, so as to achieve the purpose of fixed-point multi-angle observation, and the accuracy and reliability of the observation can be significantly improved.
  • the cable trench inspection robot of the present invention has two forms, a normal traveling posture and an unfolding posture when needed, so as to adapt to different working conditions. Among them:
  • the displacement motor 26 at the camera lifting system rotates to drive the stroke block 21 to move forward along the displacement screw 25.
  • the first swing The rod 22a produces a falling motion, thereby driving the first connecting rod 22b, the second connecting rod 22d, and the second rocking rod 22e to produce a follow-up motion, and finally the support rod 23 lie down.
  • the support rod 23 is at the lowest position, it just happens that the height of the hinge point at the bottom end of the first connecting rod 22b is higher than the height of the hinge point at the bottom end of the first rocker 22a, so it is stably placed on the first connecting rod 22b. Slot 51 on.
  • the jacking assembly 16 is in the retracted posture and is close to the lower surface of the bottom plate 11 at the base, while the unfolding assembly moves due to the rotation of the drive motor.
  • the cantilever plate 14 drives the two sets of crawler wheels to move towards each other until the two sets The crawler wheels are close to the side of the base as shown in Figure 1-2 to complete the retracting action.
  • the action posture of the cable trench inspection robot is shown in Figure 1-2.
  • the width of the cable trench inspection robot is smaller than the width of the cable trench, and the height is smaller than the height of the opening at the firewall; the entire cable trench inspection robot can be placed in the cable trench. , And can directly pass through the firewall by opening a hole along the firewall.
  • the jacking assembly 16 moves to lift the base together with the components carried on the base until the lowest height of the crawler wheel is higher than the ground height of the cable tunnel.
  • the unfolding assembly starts to work
  • the drive motor starts to rotate to drive the two-way screw 17 to produce a rotation
  • the moving block 13 produces a linear displacement action and drives the cantilever plate 14 to produce an abduction action
  • the cantilever plate 14 abduction action makes the two sides of the base
  • the crawler wheel produces a separation action. When the crawler wheels are outstretched, they will gradually cross the cable trench and eventually be located directly above the ground of the cable tunnel.
  • the displacement motor 26 at the camera lifting system rotates to drive the stroke block 21 to move back along the displacement screw 25.
  • the first rocker 22a generates a jacking motion, thereby driving the first rocker 22a to lift.
  • a connecting rod 22b, a second connecting rod 22d, and a second rocking rod 22e generate follow-up actions, and finally the support rod 23 is gradually erected.
  • the support rod 23 is gradually erected, the ray assembly at the top of the support rod 23 will be lifted to the specified cable observation height.
  • the second torsion motor 24d is driven to cause the camera 24c to produce a pitching action to ensure that the camera 24c can always perform real-time observation of the cable in a horizontal state.
  • the camera 24c can also be driven by the first torsion motor to drive the rotating block 24b to generate a rotating motion, so as to achieve a fixed-point multi-angle observation purpose.
  • the crawler wheel is started, and the present invention can travel along the current tunnel unit and execute the cable observation process of the current tunnel unit as shown in Fig. 3-4.
  • the cable trench inspection robot resets to the traveling posture shown in Figure 1-2, and once again traverses the front firewall, so as to automatically, labor-saving and convenient execution of the next tunnel unit without additional operations. Online observation work.
  • each power source 12 such as the use of a drive cylinder or even a rack and pinion method to replace the rotation driving action of each motor, and the replacement of crawler wheels with other feasible wheel bodies, or even the use of thermal imaging
  • Other sensing structures such as meters replace the camera 24c to perform other online monitoring, etc.; the usual structural changes under these conventional ideas should all fall into the protection scope of the present invention as equivalent or similar designs.

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Abstract

一种电缆沟巡检机器人，包括底座展开系统以及布置于底座展开系统上的摄像机升降系统；底座展开系统包括底板（11）、直线动作单元、悬臂板（14）、行走组件（15）及顶升组件（16）；摄像机升降系统包括行程块（21）、仿四连杆组件（22）、支撑杆（23）及摄像组件（24）。通过电缆沟来实现穿墙操作，从而避免因防火墙的存在而导致的诸多使用问题，进而可高效率的完成预定的巡检任务。

Description

一种电缆沟巡检机器人 技术领域
本发明属于电缆巡检技术领域，具体涉及一种电缆沟巡检机器人。
背景技术
电缆隧道火灾的发生是一个逐渐积累的过程。随着时间的增加，由于绝缘层老化、灰尘油污积、中间接头松动等原因，造成电缆局部温度逐渐上升，从而引发火灾。在事故发生之前，若能够有效地对电缆隧道内部的温度、烟雾等状况进行实时的监控，就可以做到将火灾防范于未然。虽然电缆隧道的监控问题早已引起人们的注意，但是始终没有找到妥善合理的解决方法。
传统的电缆隧道采用人工巡检的方式。每隔一定时间，巡视人员进入隧道，利用测温仪器手工检查电缆中间接头的温度状况。这种方法浪费了大量的人力。同时，由于手工方式的局限性，难以做到每次都对每一个中间接头进行检测，只能对温度升高较快速处进行检查，不能做到防患于未然，无法起到真正的预防作用。
后来，开始出现采用热感线的方式搭配监控系统来对电缆进行在线监测，具体为将一根热感线沿电缆布置方向紧贴电缆延伸，从而进行高温点探测。然而，热感线的缺陷在于：其一，位于电缆隧道内两侧的电缆是多根成束捆扎布置的，热感线仅能监测紧贴的相邻电缆的高温变化，而位于最远端的电缆的温度变化监测效果则非常差。其二，热感线在布置时，由于本身具备一定的刚度及弹性，因此往往呈现波浪状从而难以紧贴电缆，这使得哪怕是临近热感线的电缆，也常因热感线线体与电缆之间间隙的不均匀性而存在监测漏洞。
再后来，隧道巡检机器人开始流行。隧道巡检机器人的具体机构在公告号为“CN107046252A”的名称为“一种电缆沟道智能巡检机器人”的发明专利申请中以及公告号为“CN207691316U”的名称为“一种电缆沟机器人巡检系统”的实用新型专利申请中均有所描述，主要结构为：包括本体以及供所述本体移动的履带，履带安装于所述本体下侧的两侧并由蓄电池提供电源，本体上设置有控制系统和控制云台，控制系统包括主控制器以及与所述主控制器相互通信连接的发射通讯天线，控制云台包括与所述主控制器相互通信连接的高清相机和热成像仪。功能为：通过无线网络向隧道外的技术人员实时地传输隧道内电缆的工作状态画面，隧道内的温度、湿度，电力电缆的表面温度等参数；当这些状态参数发生异常时，隧道外技术人员可以确定机器人所处位置的电力电缆存在安全隐患，这样就可以组织人员对相应部位进行维修。上述隧道巡检机器人使用成效确实极佳，然而仍然有以下无法解决的问题：一方面，电缆隧道在装配线缆时，考虑到火灾状况，会在电缆隧道内每隔指定长度浇筑一道厚重的防火墙，从而将电缆隧道隔离成一个个的隧道单元，以起到火灾时的物理隔离目的。防火墙的存在，使得每次隧道巡检机器人巡检时，需不断重复从前一个隧道单元内取 出隧道巡检机器人-复位前一个隧道单元上的盖板-搬开新隧道单元的盖板-再放入隧道巡检机器人的流程，操作极为繁复，体力劳动巨大，显然严重制约了实际巡检效率。另一方面，前面也表述过，电缆隧道内的电缆是成束布置的，因此存在一定高度，传统的隧道巡检机器人可巡视高度恒定，必然有某些电缆死角无法被巡视到，造成巡视漏洞，存在安全隐患。
发明内容
本发明的目的是克服上述现有技术的不足，提供一种结构合理而实用的电缆沟巡检机器人，本电缆沟巡检机器人可通过电缆沟来实现穿墙操作，从而避免因防火墙的存在而导致的诸多使用问题，进而可高效率的完成预定的巡检任务。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用了以下技术方案：
一种电缆沟巡检机器人，其特征在于：本电缆沟巡检机器人包括底座展开系统以及布置于底座展开系统上的摄像机升降系统，其中：
所述底座展开系统包括底板以及布置于底板上的两组并列排布的直线动作单元，每组直线动作单元均包括两组可在动力源驱动下沿底板长度方向作彼此相向及相离动作的移动块；移动块通过第一铅垂铰接轴而铰接悬臂板的固定端，悬臂板的悬臂端通过第二铅垂铰接轴而铰接行走部，且位于底板同侧的行走部之间彼此固接以形成一组行走组件；悬臂板上还布置有铅垂凸柱，所述铅垂凸柱的布置位置与第一铅垂铰接轴的布置位置存有间距，底板上板面处凹设有导向滑槽，所述导向滑槽槽长方向与移动块动作路径之间存有夹角，且夹角的角尖指向移动块作相离动作时的行进方向；所述底座展开系统还包括将行走组件从电缆沟内顶升至高于或等于电缆隧道地面高度的顶升组件；
所述摄像机升降系统包括直线位移单元，所述直线位移单元包括布置在顶板上的可沿电缆沟长度方向作往复直线位移动作的行程块；所述摄像机升级系统还包括仿四连杆组件，仿四连杆组件的第一摇杆底端向下延伸并与行程块间构成铰接配合；第一连杆的底端固接于行程块后方的顶板端部处，第一连杆的顶端向前延伸并与支撑杆底端间构成铰接配合；第一摇杆的顶端铰接有第一滑套，第一滑套滑轨配合于第一连杆上；第二连杆的尾端铰接于第一摇杆的杆身中段处，第二连杆的顶端铰接于第二摇杆底端，第二摇杆的顶端铰接有第二滑套，第二滑套滑轨配合于支撑杆上，各铰接处轴线均水平布置且彼此平行；所述支撑杆的顶端固接摄像组件。
优选的，所述动力源为动力电机，动力源的输出轴处动力连接有双向丝杆；每组双向丝杆的两组螺纹段上均螺纹配合有一组移动块，以使得两组移动块及一组双向丝杆共同配合形成一组直线动作单元。
优选的，所述底座展开系统还包括与底板间彼此板面平行且布置于底板上方的顶板；移动块外形呈四方块状，悬臂板包括上悬板及下悬板，上悬板和下悬板均水平延伸且分置铰接于移动块的顶端面及底端面处；顶板上同样布置有导向滑槽，上悬板处的铅垂凸柱铅垂向上延伸从而与顶板处的 导向滑槽间构成导向配合关系，而下悬板处的铅垂凸柱铅垂向下延伸从而与底板处的导向滑槽间构成导向配合关系；上悬板与下悬板之间布置有起结构加强功能的加强板。
优选的，所述顶板、底板、移动块、悬臂板及行走组件共同配合形成底座；底座的前端及后端处均布置有用于控制底座行进方向的传感部；位于底座同端处的两组传感部的感应端均水平布置，且分别指向电缆隧道的两侧壁所在方向；所述行走组件为履带轮。
优选的，在底板同端处的两组悬臂板上布置有彼此同步啮合的同步齿轮。
优选的，所述顶升组件包括顶块；顶块前端通过第一水平铰接轴而铰接固定于第一摆杆底端，第一摆杆顶端通过第二水平铰接轴而铰接固定于底板前端处；顶块后端通过第三水平铰接轴而铰接于第二摆杆底端，第二摆杆顶端与位于底板尾端的摆臂电机的输出轴间动力连接。
优选的，所述顶块为直杆状的两组，两组顶块之间通过横向拉杆固接彼此从而形成水平四方框架结构。
优选的，所述直线位移单元包括位移电机以及同轴固接于位移电机输出轴处的位移丝杆，位移丝杆上螺纹配合有所述行程块；所述位移电机位于顶板后方处，顶板后方还沿底座长度方向外延有延伸架，延伸架上设置铰接座以便铰接所述第一连杆的底端；所述第一连杆底端铰接点高度高于第一摇杆的底端铰接点高度。
优选的，所述第一连杆的临近底端的杆身处布置有用于托撑支撑杆的托撑块，托撑块上凹设有便于支撑杆搁置的放置槽。
优选的，所述摄像组件包括摄像座以及水平铰接于摄像座上的转块，转块上布置第一扭力电机，第一扭力电机的输出轴铅垂向上延伸并固接摄像头，以驱动摄像头产生回转动作；转块通过布置于摄像座上的第二扭力电机驱动而产生俯仰动作。
本发明的有益效果在于：
1)、因火灾状况，电缆隧道内会每隔指定长度布置一道厚重的防火墙，从而将电缆隧道隔离成一个个的隧道单元，以起到火灾时的物理隔离目的；但是，考虑到排水问题，电缆隧道地面的中线处又都会开设一道排水沟，且排水沟会贯通防火墙以便进行排水。
在上述现状的基础上，本发明考虑设计一种电缆沟巡检机器人，使其一方面可实现摄像机的升降高度的可控功能，从而能针对不同的线束高度而进行针对性的现场调整，以确保对成束捆扎布置的线缆的多角度多位置扫描拍摄目的，最终确保监控效果。另一方面，在满足上述基础需求的前提下，还能同步确保收纳后体积的最小化，从而为电缆隧道巡检机器人的后续穿墙操作提供基础保证。
更具体而言，本发明一方面通过以底板上的动力源提供驱动力，以直线动作单元作为动作源，以导向滑槽作为导向部，从而在移动块产生相邻及相离动作时，能迫使位于底板同侧的行走组件产生相对底板的贴合以及伸展动作。另一方面，本发明以顶板作为载体，在顶板上以直线位移单元来 做驱动源，并以第一摇杆、第一连杆、第二摇杆与第二连杆共同形成平行双曲柄式的仿四连杆组件，再在该仿四连杆组件上安置带有摄像组件的支撑杆。这样，上述行走组件的贴合以及伸展动作，配合顶升组件，使得位于本发明能实现在电缆隧道地面行走拍摄电缆线，和在电缆沟内行走以穿过防火墙的双重动作功能。同时，带有直线位移单元的顶板、具备平行双曲柄功能的仿四连杆组件以及带有摄像组件的支撑杆共同形成了由下而上的立体支撑体系，并可在仿四连杆组件及相应滑套的动作下，最终实现了系统的可收纳功能。在需要时，通过驱动源也即直线位移单元动作来使得行程块动作，从而顶撑仿四连杆组件，保证了摄像组件的高度可调功能；在收纳时，行程块回程并带动仿四连杆组件下趴，使得摄像组件下降并最终达到体积最小化目的，其工作极为可靠稳定。
至此，本发明可通过电缆沟来实现穿墙操作，从而避免因防火墙的存在而导致的诸多使用问题，进而可高效率的完成预定的巡检任务。
2)、对于动力源及直线动作单元而言，可以采用诸如电机驱动齿轮齿条动作来实现移动块的直线动作，也可以通过曲柄滑块结构来保证移动块的导向动作功能，甚至可采用气缸驱动导轨上的移动块的方式来保证动作效果。考虑到体积的紧凑化和小巧化，本发明优选采用动力电机搭配双向丝杆的方式，从而将移动块螺纹配合在双向丝杆上，以实现“一杆两块”的紧凑装配功能，最终得以使得整个系统能缩进狭小的电缆沟内并准确可靠的通过防火墙。
3)、实际使用时，单底板结构，可以初步的保证悬臂板伸展动作的稳定性；为进一步的提升上述稳定性，本发明采用了双板体结构，也即底板配顶板形成夹板结构，从而将悬臂板及移动块夹在两块板体之间，且每组移动块均通过双导向滑槽来保证导向动作的精确性。通过上述结构，悬臂板的伸展及回缩动作的可靠性可得到显著提升。
4)、加强板的布置，利于进一步的提升单根悬臂板的结构刚度，以便于能更好的支撑架设在本发明上的摄像机。行走组件可以为滚轮结构，也可以为其他现有的可在地面行走的其他类似机构。本发明优选采用履带轮作为行走组件，以提升其实用性，从而最大化的满足电缆隧道内复杂工况所使用。
5)、顶升组件的作用，在于必要时能顶起行走组件，从而将行走组件抬升至电缆隧道的地面所在高度或者高于电缆隧道地面高度，以便于后续进行展开及行走操作，并确保行走组件在系统展开后能自然的搁置在电缆隧道地面上。本发明优选采用底板、第一摆杆、顶块及第二摆杆首尾衔接形成仿四连杆机构，再以第二摆杆为主动杆，从而实现整个仿四连杆机构的动作效果。一旦仿四连杆机构产生动作，则顶块即可相对底板产生相近及相离动作，也就能驱使行走组件产生升降动作。而为提升顶块的支撑稳定性，顶块可以直接以平板制成，也可如本发明所述的采用两组顶块配合横向拉杆的方式，从而以框架机构来保证对崎岖不平的电缆沟的配合适应性。
6)、对于直线位移单元而言，可以采用诸如电机驱动齿轮齿条动作来实现移行程块的直线动作，也可以通过曲柄滑块结构来保证行程块的导向动作功能，甚至可采用气缸驱动导轨上的行程块的方式来保证动作效果。考虑到工作的可靠性及体积的紧凑化和小巧化，本发明优选采用位移电机搭配位移丝杆的方式，从而保证了行程块的往复动作功能。第一连杆底端铰接点高度高于第一摇杆的底端铰接点高度，这使得整体机构下趴回缩时，能完全贴合的收拢于底座上，体积的最小化可得到有效保证。
7)、托撑块及放置槽的设置，是考虑到支撑杆完全依靠自身刚度来铰接配合于第一连杆顶端，并依靠第二摇杆的顶撑作用来保证杆体挺直性。而在整体机构下趴回缩时，支撑杆由于顶端承载了较重的摄像组件，因此直接下落或可能损坏摄像组件，或者导致支撑杆杆身因撞击而受损。本发明通过布置托撑块，使得支撑杆下落时刚好能落在托撑块的放置槽内，一方面保证了对支撑杆及摄像组件的可靠保护效果；另一方面，也保证了支撑杆在整体结构处于体积最小化状态时的放置可靠性，以免因电缆沟路面颠簸等而出现位置偏斜影响后续正常工作的状况发生，一举多得。
8)、当摄像组件被顶升至预定高度后，还可通过第二扭力电机的驱动，使得摄像头产生俯仰动作，以保证摄像头能始终以水平状况来进行对线缆的实时观测。与此同时，摄像头还可通过第一扭力电机而产生旋转动作，以实现定点的多角度观测目的，其观测的准确度及可靠性均可得到显著提升。
附图说明
图1和图2为本发明处于行进姿态时的立体结构示意图；
图3和图4为本发明处于展开姿态时的立体结构示意图；
图5和图6为底座展开系统处于展开姿态下的立体结构示意图；
图7为顶升组件的立体结构示意图；
图8为底座展开系统处于行进姿态下的立体结构示意图；
图9为底座展开系统处于展开姿态下的立体结构示意图；
图10为去除行走组件后，图9所示结构的立体结构示意图；
图11为图10的结构爆炸图；
图12为图11的I部分局部放大图；
图13为摄像机升降系统的展开姿态图；
图14和图16为摄像机升降系统处于行进姿态下的立体结构示意图；
图15和图17为摄像机升降系统处于展开姿态下的立体结构示意图。
本发明各标号与部件名称的实际对应关系如下：
11-底板 12-动力源 13-移动块 14-悬臂板
14a-上悬板 14b-下悬板 14c-加强板 14d-铅垂凸柱
15-行走组件 16-顶升组件
16a-顶块 16b-第一摆杆 16c-第二摆杆
16d-摆臂电机 16e-横向拉杆
17-双向丝杆 18-顶板 19-导向滑槽
20-第一铅垂铰接轴 20a-第二铅垂铰接轴 20b-行走部
21-行程块 22-仿四连杆组件
22a-第一摇杆 22b-第一连杆 22c-第一滑套
22d-第二连杆 22e-第二摇杆 22f-第二滑套
23-支撑杆 24-摄像组件
24a-摄像座 24b-转块 24c-摄像头 24d-第二扭力电机
24e-第一扭力电机
25-位移丝杆 26-位移电机
30-传感部 40-延伸架 50-托撑块 51-放置槽 60-同步齿轮
具体实施方式
为便于整体了解，此处对整个电缆沟巡检机器人的具体实施例的结构及工作方式作以下描述：
电缆沟巡检机器人，也即本发明，如图1-17所示的，其主体部分包括底座展开系统以及布置于底座展开系统上的摄像机升降系统。其中：
一、底座展开系统
底座展开系统，如图1-12所示的，包括用于驱使行走组件15产生伸展以便以行进姿态行走于电缆隧道地面处，和驱使行走组件15回复行走状态以便缩回电缆沟宽度的展开组件，以及用于驱使整个系统抬升以便于高于电缆沟和下降以便于缩回电缆沟内的顶升组件16。
对于展开组件，如图9-12所示的，包括一组顶板18、一组底板11、一组驱动电机也即动力源12、两组双向丝杆17、四组移动块13以及四根悬臂板14。实际装配时，顶板18与底板11外形均呈长方板状且板面水平设置，顶板18与底板11之间间隙构成驱动电机、双向丝杆17、移动块13及悬臂板14的安置空间。两组双向丝杆17彼此并列排布且平行底板11板长方向，两组双向丝杆17的同端共同动力连接或者说齿轮啮合同一组驱动电机。移动块13在配合于双向丝杆17的螺纹段上后，再通过第一铅垂铰接轴铰接悬臂板14的固定端，而悬臂板14的悬臂端则通过第二铅垂铰接轴而铰接行走部。在如图8-9中，行走组件15为履带轮，悬臂板14的悬臂端直接与履带轮上预设 的固定块间构成铰接配合关系。由于履带轮本身存在长度，因此位于底板11同侧处的两组悬臂板14可共同配合一组履带轮，以保证系统行进时的稳定性和精确性。
如图10-11所示的，悬臂板14包括彼此平行布置的上悬板14a及下悬板14b，以及布置于上悬板14a与下悬板14b之间的起结构加强作用的加强板14c。其中，上悬板14a和下悬板14b均水平延伸且分置铰接于移动块13的顶端面及底端面处，而底板11上板面与顶板18下板面上均布置有导向滑槽19，上悬板14a处的铅垂凸柱14d如图12所示的铅垂向上延伸，从而与顶板18处的导向滑槽19间构成导向配合关系，而下悬板14b处的铅垂凸柱14d铅垂向下延伸从而与底板11处的导向滑槽19间构成导向配合关系。这样，当驱动电机动作而驱使双向丝杆17转动，进而使得移动块13沿双向丝杆17的螺纹段产生往复位移动作时，移动块13会带动悬臂板14产生横向摆动动作。由于悬臂板14、履带轮之间因各铰接轴形成一体结构，此时在移动块13的直线动作下，悬臂板14随动，即可驱动履带轮此时内收及外展动作。当然，为保证位于底板11两侧的悬臂板14的动作精确性和同步性，也可如图11-12所示的，在底板11同端处的上悬板14a上布置同步齿轮60从而依靠同步齿轮60的啮合性，来实现底板11同端处两悬臂板14的同步动作功能。
对于顶升组件16而言，如图6-7所示的，其包括由底板11、第一摆杆16b、顶块16a及第二摆杆16c首尾衔接形成的四杆机构，再以第二摆杆16c来动力配合摆臂电机16d的输出轴，从而形成主动杆，以实现整个四杆机构的动作效果。一旦四杆机构产生动作，则顶块16a即可相对底板11产生相近及相离动作，也就能驱使行走组件15产生升降动作。而为提升顶块16a的支撑稳定性，顶块16a可以直接以平板制成，也可如本发明所述的采用两组顶块16a配合横向拉杆16e的方式。如图7所示的两组顶块16a配合横向拉杆16e可形成四方框架状结构，显然对接触面的平整度要求更低，尤其适用于崎岖不平的电缆沟环境所使用。
在如图1-4中可看出，传感部30的感应面指向电缆隧道的两侧墙面，从而依靠传感部30的感应面可确保底座沿电缆隧道行进时距离两侧墙面的距离始终相等，最终达到保证本发明沿电缆隧道行进时的自动对中导向目的，此处就不再多作赘述。
二、摄像机升降系统
摄像机升降系统的具体结构参照图1-5及图13-17所示，包括由下而上依序布置的直线位移组件、仿四连杆组件22以及摄像组件24。其中：
直线位移组件外形参照图13所示，包括布置于顶板18上板面处且沿顶板18上板面长度方向延伸的位移丝杆25，位移丝杆25的尾端布置位移电机26以便起驱动功能。位移丝杆25上螺纹配合有行程块21，以通过驱动电机驱动位移丝杆25旋转，进而实现行程块21的指向往复移动目的。在图13-14中可看出，位移电机26后方还布置有延伸架40，目的是与底座处顶板18一起共同起到支撑仿四连杆组件22。
在如图13-17中，仿四连杆组件22包括第一摇杆22a、第二摇杆22e、第一连杆22b及第二连杆22d。仿四连杆组件22，顾名思义，其结构上类似平面四连杆机构，但如图13所示的，部分杆体铰接点是可以相对另外的杆体杆身可滑移的，以实现整个摄像机升降系统的可收纳及伸展功能。更具体而言：第一摇杆22a底端水平铰接行程块21而顶端通过第一滑套22c套设于第一连杆22b杆身处；第一连杆22b底端水平铰接于延伸架40上而顶端水平铰接在支撑杆23底端处；第二连杆22d底端水平铰接于第一摇杆22a杆身处，而顶端水平铰接第二摇杆22e的底端；第二摇杆22e的顶端通过第二滑套22f套设于支撑杆23杆身处；上述各铰接处轴线均彼此平行。这样，当行程块21作沿位移丝杆25的后退动作也即如图13所示的向右动作时，第一摇杆22a产生顶升动作，从而推动第一连杆22b抬升；同时，第二连杆22d及第二摇杆22e产生连带的仿四连杆动作，最终得以顶动支撑杆23此时竖立动作。此时，如图13、图15及图17所示的，上述各杆体在配合处形成类似对杆杆长相等的平行双曲柄结构。而当行程块21作沿位移丝杆25的前行动作时，相应的，第一摇杆22a产生倒伏动作，从而带动第一连杆22b、第二连杆22d及第二摇杆22e产生随动动作，最终使得支撑杆23下趴。支撑杆23位于最低位时，刚好因第一连杆22b底端铰接点高度高于第一摇杆22a的底端铰接点高度而被稳定搁置在第一连杆22b处托撑块50的放置槽51上，以保证其放置稳定性。
对于摄像组件24而言，当摄像组件24被顶升至预定高度后，还可通过第二扭力电机24d的驱动，使得摄像头24c产生俯仰动作，以保证摄像头24c能始终以水平状况来进行对线缆的实时观测。与此同时，摄像头24c还可通过第一扭力电机驱动转块24b动作而随之产生旋转动作，以实现定点的多角度观测目的，其观测的准确度及可靠性均可得到显著提升。
为便于进一步的理解本发明，此处结合附图1-6，对本发明的具体实施例的工作流程作以下进一步描述：
本发明所述的电缆沟巡检机器人具备正常的行进姿态以及需要时的展开姿态两种形态，以适应不同工况所使用，其中：
1)、行进姿态
电缆沟巡检机器人处于行进姿态时，如图1-2所示的，此时摄像机升降系统处位移电机26转动，带动行程块21作沿位移丝杆25的前行动作，此时第一摇杆22a产生倒伏动作，从而带动第一连杆22b、第二连杆22d及第二摇杆22e产生随动动作，最终使得支撑杆23下趴。支撑杆23位于最低位时，刚好因第一连杆22b底端铰接点高度高于第一摇杆22a的底端铰接点高度而被稳定搁置在第一连杆22b处托撑块50的放置槽51上。与此同时，顶升组件16处于收拢姿态而紧贴底座处底板11的下板面，而展开组件则因驱动电机的转动而动作，悬臂板14带动两组履带轮产生相向动作，直至两组履带轮均如图1-2所示的紧贴底座侧部，完成收拢动作。此时电缆沟巡检机器人的动作姿态如 图1-2所示，电缆沟巡检机器人的宽度小于电缆沟宽度，高度小于防火墙处开孔高度；电缆沟巡检机器人整体可放入电缆沟内，并可直接沿防火墙处开孔而穿过所述防火墙。
2)、展开姿态
当电缆沟巡检机器人穿过防火墙后：首先，顶升组件16动作，使得底座连同底座上所承载的各部件一同抬升，直至履带轮最低高度高于电缆隧道的地面高度。之后，展开组件开始工作，驱动电机开始转动而驱使双向丝杆17产生旋转动作，移动块13产生直线位移动作并带动悬臂板14产生外展动作，悬臂板14外展动作使得位于底座两侧的履带轮产生相离动作。当履带轮外展时会逐渐跨过电缆沟而最终位于电缆隧道的地面正上方，此时顶升组件16重新复位，在重力作用下两组履带轮稳定的搁置在电缆沟两侧的电缆隧道的地面上。此时本发明的构件状态参照图5-6所示。
再后，如图3-4所示的，摄像机升降系统处位移电机26转动，带动行程块21作沿位移丝杆25的后退动作，此时第一摇杆22a产生顶升动作，从而带动第一连杆22b、第二连杆22d及第二摇杆22e产生随动动作，最终使得支撑杆23逐渐竖立。支撑杆23逐渐竖立时会使得位于支撑杆23顶端的射线组件被抬至指定的线缆观测高度。当摄像组件24被顶升至预定高度后，通过第二扭力电机24d的驱动，使得摄像头24c产生俯仰动作，以保证摄像头24c能始终以水平状况来进行对线缆的实时观测。与此同时，摄像头24c也可通过第一扭力电机驱动转块24b动作而随之产生旋转动作，以实现定点的多角度观测目的。
当上述展开动作完成后，履带轮启动，本发明即可以如图3-4所示状态沿当前隧道单元行进并执行当前隧道单元的线缆观测流程。当全程走完后，电缆沟巡检机器人重新复位至如图1-2所示行进姿态，再次穿越前方防火墙，以便在无需额外操作下，自动化、省力化和便捷化的执行下一道隧道单元的在线观测工作。
当然，以上为本发明的其中一种具体的实施例。实际操作时，对各动力源12的等同替换，如采用驱动气缸甚至是齿轮齿条方式来替代各电机的旋转驱动动作等，以及将履带轮替换为其他可行进轮体，甚至是采用热成像仪等其他感应结构来替代摄像头24c来进行其他方式的在线监测等等；这些常规思路下的惯常结构变化，均应当作为等同或相似设计而落入本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种电缆沟巡检机器人，其特征在于：本电缆沟巡检机器人包括底座展开系统以及布置于底座展开系统上的摄像机升降系统，其中：
    所述底座展开系统包括底板(11)以及布置于底板(11)上的一组并列排布的直线动作单元，每组直线动作单元均包括两组可在动力源(12)驱动下沿底板(11)长度方向作彼此相向及相离动作的移动块(13)；移动块(13)通过第一铅垂铰接轴(20)而铰接悬臂板(14)的固定端，悬臂板(14)的悬臂端通过第二铅垂铰接轴(20a)而铰接行走部(20b)，且位于底板(11)同侧的行走部之间彼此固接以形成一组行走组件(15)；悬臂板(14)上还布置有铅垂凸柱(14d)，所述铅垂凸柱(14d)的布置位置与第一铅垂铰接轴(20)的布置位置存有间距，底板(11)上板面处凹设有导向滑槽(19)，所述导向滑槽(19)槽长方向与移动块(13)动作路径之间存有夹角，且夹角的角尖指向移动块(13)作相离动作时的行进方向；所述底座展开系统还包括将行走组件(15)从电缆沟内顶升至高于或等于电缆隧道地面高度的顶升组件(16)；
    所述摄像机升降系统包括布置在顶板(18)上的可沿电缆沟长度方向作往复直线位移动作的行程块(21)；所述摄像机升降系统还包括仿四连杆组件(22)，仿四连杆组件(22)的第一摇杆(22a)底端向下延伸并与行程块(21)间构成铰接配合；第一连杆(22b)的底端固接于行程块(21)后方的顶板(18)端部处，第一连杆(22b)的顶端向前延伸并与支撑杆(23)底端间构成铰接配合；第一摇杆(22a)的顶端铰接有第一滑套(22c)，第一滑套(22c)滑轨配合于第一连杆(22b)上；第二连杆(22d)的尾端铰接于第一摇杆(22a)的杆身中段处，第二连杆(22d)的顶端铰接于第二摇杆(22e)底端，第二摇杆(22e)的顶端铰接有第二滑套(22f)，第二滑套(22f)滑轨配合于支撑杆(23)上，各铰接处轴线均水平布置且彼此平行；所述支撑杆(23)的顶端固接摄像组件(24)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种电缆沟巡检机器人，其特征在于：所述动力源(12)为动力电机，动力源(12)的输出轴处动力连接有双向丝杆(17)；每组双向丝杆(17)的两组螺纹段上均螺纹配合有一组移动块(13)，以使得两组移动块(13)及一组双向丝杆(17)共同配合形成一组直线动作单元。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种电缆沟巡检机器人，其特征在于：所述底座展开系统还包括与底板(11)间彼此板面平行且布置于底板(11)上方的顶板(18)；移动块(13)外形呈四方块状，悬臂板(14)包括上悬板(14a)及下悬板(14b)，上悬板(14a)和下悬板(14b)均水平延伸且分置铰接于移动块(13)的顶端面及底端面处；顶板(18)上同样布置有导向滑槽(19)，上悬板(14a)处的铅垂凸柱(14d)铅垂向上延伸从而与顶板(18)处的导向滑槽(19)间构成导向配合关系，而下悬板(14b)处的铅垂凸柱(14d)铅垂向下延伸从而与底板(11)处的导向滑槽(19)间构成导向配合关系；上悬板(14a)与下悬板(14b)之间布置有起结构加强功能的加强板(14c)。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种电缆沟巡检机器人，其特征在于：所述顶板(18)、底板(11)、移动块(13)、悬臂板(14)及行走组件(15)共同配合形成底座；底座的前端及后端处均布置有用于控制底座行进方向的传感部(30)；位于底座同端处的两组传感部(30)的感应端均水平布置，且分别指向电缆隧道的两侧壁所在方向；所述行走组件(15)为履带轮。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的一种电缆沟巡检机器人，其特征在于：在底板(11)同端处的两组悬臂板(14)上布置有彼此同步啮合的同步齿轮(60)。
  6. 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种电缆沟巡检机器人，其特征在于：所述顶升组件(16)包括顶块(16a)；顶块(16a)前端通过第一水平铰接轴而铰接固定于第一摆杆(16b)底端，第一摆杆(16b)顶端通过第二水平铰接轴而铰接固定于底板(11)前端处；顶块(16a)后端通过第三水平铰接轴而铰接于第二摆杆(16c)底端，第二摆杆(16c)顶端与位于底板(11)尾端的摆臂电机(16d)的输出轴间动力连接。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种电缆沟巡检机器人，其特征在于：所述顶块(16a)为直杆状的两组，两组顶块(16a)之间通过横向拉杆(16e)固接彼此从而形成水平四方框架结构。
  8. 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种电缆沟巡检机器人，其特征在于：所述直线位移单元包括位移电机(26)以及同轴固接于位移电机(26)输出轴处的位移丝杆(25)，位移丝杆(25)上螺纹配合有所述行程块(21)；所述位移电机(26)位于顶板(18)后方处，顶板(18)后方还沿底座长度方向外延有延伸架(40)，延伸架(40)上设置铰接座以便铰接所述第一连杆(22b)的底端；所述第一连杆(22b)底端铰接点高度高于第一摇杆(22a)的底端铰接点高度。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的一种电缆沟巡检机器人，其特征在于：所述第一连杆(22b)的临近底端的杆身处布置有用于托撑支撑杆(23)的托撑块(50)，托撑块(50)上凹设有便于支撑杆(23)搁置的放置槽(51)。
  10. 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种电缆沟巡检机器人，其特征在于：所述摄像组件(24)包括摄像座(24a)以及水平铰接于摄像座(24a)上的转块(24b)，转块(24b)上布置第一扭力电机(24e)，第一扭力电机的输出轴铅垂向上延伸并固接摄像头(24c)，以驱动摄像头(24c)产生回转动作；转块(24b)通过布置于摄像座(24a)上的第二扭力电机(24d)驱动而产生俯仰动作。
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