WO2021259254A1 - 一种起重机伸缩臂及起重机 - Google Patents

一种起重机伸缩臂及起重机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021259254A1
WO2021259254A1 PCT/CN2021/101521 CN2021101521W WO2021259254A1 WO 2021259254 A1 WO2021259254 A1 WO 2021259254A1 CN 2021101521 W CN2021101521 W CN 2021101521W WO 2021259254 A1 WO2021259254 A1 WO 2021259254A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
arm
telescopic
rope
boom
fixed
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PCT/CN2021/101521
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
周斌
Original Assignee
三一汽车起重机械有限公司
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Application filed by 三一汽车起重机械有限公司 filed Critical 三一汽车起重机械有限公司
Publication of WO2021259254A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021259254A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
    • B66C23/64—Jibs
    • B66C23/70—Jibs constructed of sections adapted to be assembled to form jibs or various lengths
    • B66C23/701—Jibs constructed of sections adapted to be assembled to form jibs or various lengths telescopic
    • B66C23/703—Jibs constructed of sections adapted to be assembled to form jibs or various lengths telescopic telescoped by flexible elements, e.g. cables, chains or bands
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
    • B66C23/64—Jibs
    • B66C23/70—Jibs constructed of sections adapted to be assembled to form jibs or various lengths
    • B66C23/701—Jibs constructed of sections adapted to be assembled to form jibs or various lengths telescopic
    • B66C23/705—Jibs constructed of sections adapted to be assembled to form jibs or various lengths telescopic telescoped by hydraulic jacks

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of cranes, in particular to a crane telescopic boom and a crane.
  • the boom is the core component of the crane, and the most important load-bearing structure in the crane's lifting operation; the weight, strength, rigidity, telescopic efficiency, and stable work reliability of the boom will directly affect the performance of the truck crane product.
  • the technological innovation of the boom it is the continuous pursuit of various crane manufacturers to improve the lifting capacity, lifting capacity, lifting capacity and telescopic efficiency of the boom.
  • the product that accounts for the majority of the crane market has a boom telescopic mechanism in the form of an oil cylinder and a rope row, as shown in Figure 1, including the first section boom 01, the second section boom 02, and the third section boom 03, The fourth section arm 04, the fifth section arm 05, the first telescopic cylinder 06, the second telescopic cylinder 07, the first retractable arm rope 08, the second retractable arm rope 09, the first retractable arm wheel 10, the second retractable arm wheel 11.
  • the first boom rope 12, the second boom rope 13, the first boom wheel 14 and the second boom wheel 15, the first telescopic cylinder 06 drives the second section arm 02 to achieve telescopic action
  • the second telescopic cylinder 07 Drive the third section arm 03, the fourth section arm 04, and the fifth section arm 05 to realize simultaneous telescopic action.
  • the crane boom is a variable cross-section cantilever beam structure, as the boom length extends, the hoisting weight will become lower, but the rope row and cylinder section do not change with the boom length.
  • the crane only needs smaller rope row and cylinder capacity to meet the lifting requirements.
  • the present invention provides a crane telescopic boom.
  • the telescopic boom uses only one first-stage telescopic cylinder to realize the synchronous expansion and contraction of the crane telescopic boom, reduces the weight of the crane telescopic boom, and simplifies the crane telescopic boom The internal structure.
  • the present invention also provides a crane, using the crane telescopic boom provided by the first object. Since the crane telescopic boom provided by the present application is lighter and only uses one primary telescopic cylinder, it reduces The power output of the crane during the hoisting process reduces energy consumption, and at the same time reduces the weight of the crane, and reduces the fuel consumption of the crane during travel.
  • the present invention provides a crane telescopic boom, which includes a basic boom, a first-stage telescopic cylinder and a telescopic boom group sleeved in the basic boom, and the first-stage telescopic cylinder is installed on the telescopic boom group Inside, it is used to drive the telescopic arm group to expand and contract.
  • the above-mentioned telescopic boom of a crane further includes a rope row mechanism, a first connecting member and a second connecting member.
  • the rope row mechanism includes a first boom rope assembly and a first telescopic boom rope assembly. Including a first telescopic arm and a second telescopic arm;
  • the first arm rope assembly includes a first arm wheel and a first arm rope
  • the first arm reduction rope assembly includes a first arm arm wheel and a first arm rope
  • the first arm wheel is fixed At the bottom end of the first telescopic arm
  • the first telescopic arm wheel is fixed to the top end of the first telescopic arm
  • one end of the first extension arm rope and the first telescopic arm rope are fixed to the On the basic arm
  • the other end of the first arm rope winding through the first arm extension wheel and the other end of the first arm reduction arm rope winding through the first arm reduction wheel are connected by a first connector
  • the second connecting piece is fixed on the second telescopic arm, and the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece can be fixedly connected.
  • one end of the first boom rope is fixed to the top end of the basic boom, and the other end of the first boom rope passes through the first boom wheel and the first boom wheel.
  • a connecting piece is connected;
  • One end of the first arm reduction rope is fixed to the bottom end of the basic arm, and the other end of the first arm reduction rope is connected to the first connecting member through the first arm reduction wheel;
  • the second connecting member is fixed to the tail of the second telescopic arm.
  • first connecting piece and the second connecting piece are both provided with pin holes, and the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece can be connected by a pin shaft.
  • the rod end of the piston rod of the first-stage telescopic oil cylinder is connected to the bottom end of the first telescopic boom, and the cylinder tube of the first-stage telescopic oil cylinder is connected to the second telescopic boom The bottom end.
  • the rod end of the piston rod is hinged with the first telescopic arm through a pin shaft.
  • the telescopic boom set further includes a third telescopic boom and a fourth telescopic boom
  • the rope row mechanism further includes a second boom rope assembly, a third boom rope assembly, and a second retractable boom.
  • the second extension arm rope assembly and the second retractable arm rope assembly are arranged between the first retractable arm and the third retractable arm, and the third extension arm rope assembly and the third retractable arm
  • the rope assembly is arranged between the second telescopic arm and the fourth telescopic arm.
  • the second boom rope assembly includes a second boom wheel and a second boom rope, the second boom wheel is fixed to the end of the cylinder, and the first boom One end of the second boom rope is fixed on the first telescopic arm, and the other end of the second boom rope is fixed on the third telescopic arm through the second boom wheel;
  • the third boom rope assembly includes a third boom wheel and a third boom rope, the third boom wheel is fixed to the top end of the third telescopic arm, and one end of the third boom rope is fixed to On the second telescopic arm, the other end of the third telescopic arm is fixed to the fourth telescopic arm through the third arm wheel;
  • the second reduction arm rope assembly includes a second reduction arm wheel and a second reduction arm rope, the second reduction arm wheel is fixed to the bottom end of the second telescopic arm, and one end of the second reduction arm rope is fixed On the first telescopic arm, the other end of the second telescopic arm is fixed on the third telescopic arm through the second telescopic wheel;
  • the third reduction arm rope assembly includes a third reduction arm wheel and a third reduction arm rope, the third reduction arm wheel is fixed to the bottom end of the third telescopic arm, and one end of the third reduction arm rope is fixed At the end of the cylinder, the other end of the third telescopic arm is fixed to the fourth telescopic arm through the third telescopic wheel.
  • one end of the first boom rope is fixed to the top end of the basic boom, and the other end of the first boom rope passes through the first boom wheel and the first boom wheel.
  • a connecting piece is connected;
  • One end of the second extension arm rope is fixed to the bottom end of the first extension arm, and the other end of the second extension arm rope is fixed to the bottom of the third extension arm through the second extension arm wheel. end;
  • One end of the third extension arm rope is fixed to the bottom end of the second extension arm, and the other end of the third extension arm rope is fixed to the bottom of the fourth extension arm through the third extension arm wheel. end;
  • One end of the first arm reduction rope is fixed to the bottom end of the basic arm, and the other end of the first arm reduction rope is connected to the first connecting member through the first arm reduction wheel;
  • One end of the second telescopic arm rope is fixed to the top end of the first telescopic arm, and the other end of the second telescopic arm rope is fixed to the bottom end of the third telescopic arm through the second telescopic arm wheel ;
  • One end of the third telescopic arm rope is fixed to the top end of the cylinder barrel, and the other end of the third telescopic arm rope is fixed to the top end of the fourth telescopic arm around the third telescopic arm wheel.
  • the present invention also provides a crane, including:
  • the machine body is equipped with the above-mentioned crane telescopic boom.
  • the present invention provides a crane telescopic boom, which includes a basic boom, a telescopic oil cylinder, and a telescopic arm group sleeved in the basic boom.
  • the telescopic arm group is used to drive the telescopic arm group to expand and contract.
  • the crane's telescopic boom uses only one primary telescopic cylinder to realize the synchronous expansion of the crane's telescopic boom, reduces the weight of the crane's telescopic boom, simplifies the internal structure of the crane's telescopic boom, and maintains high stability throughout the telescopic process. It can also avoid the problems of inconvenient installation and maintenance of multiple first-level telescopic oil cylinders and their pipelines, and high cost, making the crane telescopic boom structure of the crane relatively simple and more reliable in operation.
  • the present invention also provides a crane, including the above-mentioned crane telescopic boom, and a body, and the above-mentioned crane telescopic boom is installed on the body. Since the telescopic boom of the crane provided by this application is light in weight and only uses one first-level telescopic cylinder, the power output of the crane during the hoisting process is reduced, thereby reducing energy consumption, and at the same time reducing the weight of the crane and reducing the crane’s load. Fuel consumption during driving.
  • the crane telescopic boom and crane of the present invention have many of the above-mentioned advantages and practical values, and no similar method has been published or used in similar products. It is indeed innovative, and it is easy to use and practical. Compared with the existing technology, it has a number of enhanced effects, so it is more suitable for practical use and has a wide range of industrial value.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a crane telescopic boom in the prior art
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a crane telescopic boom according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 3 shows a schematic structural view of the second telescopic boom, the third telescopic boom and the fourth telescopic boom of the telescopic boom of the crane according to the embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 4 shows a schematic structural view of the first telescopic boom, the second telescopic boom, the third telescopic boom, and the fourth telescopic boom of the crane telescopic boom according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • first and second are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined with “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features.
  • “plurality” means two or more than two, unless specifically defined otherwise.
  • the terms “installed”, “connected”, “connected”, “fixed” and other terms should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. , Or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal communication of two components or the interaction relationship between two components.
  • installed can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. , Or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal communication of two components or the interaction relationship between two components.
  • the first feature “on” or “under” the second feature may be in direct contact with the first and second features, or the first and second features may be indirectly through an intermediary. get in touch with.
  • the "above”, “above” and “above” of the first feature on the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or it simply means that the level of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature.
  • the “below”, “below” and “below” of the second feature of the first feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or it simply means that the level of the first feature is smaller than the second feature.
  • the telescopic boom of the crane of this embodiment includes a basic boom 100, and a first telescopic boom 200, a second telescopic boom 300, a third telescopic boom 400, and a fourth telescopic boom 500 are sequentially sleeved in the basic boom 100 , One-stage telescopic cylinder 600 and rope row mechanism 700.
  • the rope arrangement 700 includes a first arm rope assembly 710, a second arm rope assembly 720, a third arm rope assembly 730, a first arm rope assembly 740, a second arm rope assembly 750, and a third arm rope assembly
  • the primary telescopic cylinder 600 includes a piston rod 610 and a cylinder tube 620, the rod end of the piston rod 610 is connected to the bottom end of the first telescopic arm 200, and the cylinder tube 620 is connected to the bottom end of the second telescopic arm 300.
  • the first extension arm rope assembly 710 and the first reduction arm rope assembly 740 are arranged between the basic arm 100 and the second telescopic arm 300, and the second extension arm rope assembly 720 and the second reduction arm rope assembly 750 are arranged on the first telescopic arm Between 200 and the third telescopic arm 400, the third telescopic arm rope assembly 730 and the third telescopic arm rope assembly 760 are arranged between the second telescopic arm 300 and the fourth telescopic arm 500.
  • the first boom rope assembly 710 includes a first boom wheel 711 and a first boom rope 712.
  • the first boom wheel 711 is fixed to the bottom end of the first telescopic arm 200, and one end of the first boom rope 712 is fixed to the basic On the arm 100, the other end of the first arm rope 712 is fixed to the second telescopic arm 300 through the first arm wheel 711.
  • the second extension cord assembly 720 includes a second extension wheel 721 and a second extension cord 722.
  • the second extension wheel 721 is fixed to the end of the cylinder 620, and one end of the second extension cord 722 is fixed to the first extension cord.
  • On the arm 200, the other end of the second extension arm cord 722 is fixed to the third telescopic arm 400 through the second extension wheel 721.
  • the third boom rope assembly 730 includes a third boom wheel 731 and a third boom rope 732.
  • the third boom wheel 731 is fixed to the top end of the third telescopic arm 400, and one end of the third boom rope 732 is fixed to the second boom.
  • the first reduction arm rope assembly 740 includes a first reduction arm wheel 741 and a first reduction arm rope 742.
  • the first reduction arm wheel 741 is fixed to the top end of the first telescopic arm 200, and one end of the first reduction arm rope 742 is fixed to the basic arm.
  • the other end of the first retractable arm cord 742 is fixed to the second retractable arm 300 through the first retractable wheel 741.
  • the second reduction arm rope assembly 750 includes a second reduction arm wheel 751 and a second reduction arm rope 752.
  • the second reduction arm wheel 751 is fixed to the bottom end of the second telescopic arm 300, and one end of the second reduction arm rope 752 is fixed to the first On a telescopic arm 200, the other end of the second telescopic arm cord 752 is fixed to the third telescopic arm 400 through the second telescopic wheel 751.
  • the third reduction arm rope assembly 760 includes a third reduction arm wheel 761 and a third reduction arm rope 762.
  • the third reduction arm wheel 761 is fixed to the bottom end of the third telescopic arm 400, and one end of the third reduction arm rope 762 is fixed to the cylinder.
  • the end of the barrel 620 and the other end of the third retractable cord 762 are fixed to the fourth retractable arm 500 through the third retractable wheel 761.
  • the rod end of the piston rod 610 of the primary telescopic cylinder 600 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the first telescopic arm 200.
  • the cylinder 620 extends relative to the piston rod 610, and the cylinder 620 is fixed to the second
  • the bottom end of the telescopic arm 300 drives the second telescopic arm 300 to extend, the first extension arm wheel 711 is fixed on the first telescopic arm 200, one end of the first extension arm rope 712 is fixed on the basic arm 100, and the first extension arm The other end of the rope 712 is fixed to the second telescopic arm 300 through the first extension arm wheel 711.
  • the first extension arm rope 712 drives the first extension arm 200 to extend synchronously.
  • the second extension arm wheel 721 fixed at the end of the cylinder barrel 620 extends synchronously, and the second extension arm rope 722 drives the third extension arm 400 to extend synchronously.
  • the third extension arm fixed to the top end of the third extension arm 400 The wheels 731 extend synchronously, and the third arm rope 732 drives the fourth telescopic arm 500 to extend synchronously.
  • the cylinder 620 retracts relative to the piston rod 610, which drives the second telescopic arm 300 to retract.
  • the first retractable arm wheel 741 is fixed on the first retractable arm 200, and the first retractable arm rope 742 One end is fixed to the basic arm 100, and the other end of the first retractable arm rope 742 is fixed to the second retractable arm 300 through the first retractable arm wheel 741. Because the total length of the first retractable arm rope 742 is constant, the first retractable arm The rope 742 drives the first telescopic arm 200 to retract synchronously.
  • the second retractable arm rope 752 drives the third telescopic arm 400 to retract synchronously
  • the third retractable arm rope 762 drives the fourth telescopic arm 500 to retract synchronously.
  • the crane telescopic boom of a crane usually needs to be provided with two first-level telescopic cylinders and 600 cylinders.
  • the embodiment of the present application uses a first-level telescopic cylinder 600 plus a rope row assembly to control the synchronization of the five-section boom.
  • Telescopic reducing the self-weight of the crane's telescopic boom, simplifying the internal structure of the crane's telescopic boom, and maintaining high stability and reliability throughout the entire telescopic process, and avoiding the installation and maintenance of multiple single-stage telescopic cylinders and their pipelines
  • the problems of inconvenience and high cost make the crane telescopic boom structure of the crane relatively simple, and the operation is more reliable.
  • the crane telescopic boom provided by the present application further includes a first connecting piece 800 and a second connecting piece 900.
  • One end of the first boom rope 712 and the first telescopic boom rope 742 are fixed on the basic boom 100, and the first boom rope 712
  • the other end of the winding first arm wheel 711 and the other end of the first reduction arm rope 742 winding through the first reduction arm wheel 741 are connected by a first connecting member 800, and the second connecting member 900 is fixed to the second telescopic arm On 300, the first connecting member 800 and the second connecting member 900 can be fixedly connected.
  • the first connecting piece 800 and the second connecting piece 900 are fixedly connected, the cylinder 620 of the first-stage telescopic cylinder 600 extends, and the first telescopic arm 200 is synchronized accordingly Extend, and the third telescopic arm 400 and the fourth telescopic arm 500 expand and contract synchronously.
  • one end of the first boom rope 712 is fixed to the top end of the basic boom 100, and the other end of the first boom rope 712 is connected to the first connecting member 800 through the first boom wheel 711.
  • One end of the first retractable arm cord 742 is fixed to the bottom end of the basic arm 100, and the other end of the first retractable arm cord 742 is connected to the first connecting member 800 through the first retractable wheel 741.
  • the second connecting member 900 is fixed to the tail of the second telescopic arm 300.
  • one end of the second boom rope 722 is fixed to the bottom end of the first telescopic boom 200, and the other end of the second boom rope 722 is fixed to the third telescopic boom through the second boom wheel 721 The bottom end of the 400.
  • One end of the third extension arm rope 732 is fixed to the bottom end of the second extension arm 300, and the other end of the third extension arm rope 732 is fixed to the bottom end of the fourth extension arm 500 through the third extension arm wheel 731.
  • One end of the second telescopic arm rope 752 is fixed to the top end of the first telescopic arm 200, and the other end of the second telescopic arm rope 752 is fixed to the bottom end of the third telescopic arm 400 through the second telescopic wheel 751.
  • One end of the third retractable arm rope 762 is fixed to the end of the cylinder barrel 620, and the other end of the third retractable arm rope 762 is fixed to the top end of the fourth telescopic arm 500 through the third retractable arm wheel 761.
  • one end of the first arm rope 712 is fixed At the top end of the basic arm 100, the other end of the first arm rope 712 passes through the first arm wheel 711 and the first connecting member 800, which facilitates the installation and maintenance of the first arm rope 712.
  • the third telescopic arm 400 is equipped with a first-level telescopic cylinder 600 and the internal space is limited, one end of the second extension arm rope 722 is fixed to the bottom end of the first extension arm 200, and the other end of the second extension arm rope 722
  • the winding second extension arm wheel 721 is fixed to the bottom end of the third extension arm 400 to facilitate the installation and maintenance of the second extension arm rope 722.
  • one end of the third arm rope 732 is fixed to the bottom end of the second telescopic arm 300, and the third arm The other end of the arm rope 732 is fixed to the bottom end of the fourth telescopic arm 500 through the third extension arm wheel 731, so as to facilitate the installation and maintenance of the third extension arm rope 732.
  • one end of the first retractable arm rope 742 is fixed to the bottom end of the basic arm 100, and the first retractable arm rope The other end of the 742 is connected to the first connecting member 800 through the first retraction wheel 741, which facilitates the installation and maintenance of the first retraction cord 742.
  • one end of the second telescopic arm rope 752 is fixed to the top end of the first telescopic arm 200, and the second telescopic arm 200 The other end of the rope 752 is fixed to the bottom end of the third telescopic arm 400 through the second retractable arm wheel 751, so as to facilitate the installation and maintenance of the second retractable arm rope 752.
  • one end of the third telescopic arm rope 762 is fixed to the bottom end of the second telescopic arm 300, and the third telescopic arm 300 is retracted.
  • the other end of the arm rope 762 is fixed to the bottom end of the fourth telescopic arm 500 through the third reduction arm wheel 761, which facilitates the installation and maintenance of the third reduction arm rope 762.
  • the first connecting piece 800 and the second connecting piece 900 are both connecting pieces provided with pin holes, and the first connecting piece 800 and the second connecting piece 900 can be connected by a pin shaft.
  • the pin shaft 1000 is withdrawn from the pin holes of the first connecting piece 800 and the second connecting piece 900, the cylinder 620 of the first-stage telescopic cylinder 600 is extended, and the first telescopic arm 200 is not attached It extends synchronously, and only the third telescopic arm 400 and the fourth telescopic arm 500 expand and contract synchronously.
  • a bracket is installed at the end of the cylinder 620, and the second boom wheel 721 is fixed on the bracket 630.
  • a bracket 630 is installed at the end of the cylinder 620 to facilitate the installation of the second boom wheel 721.
  • the rod end of the piston rod 610 is hinged with the first telescopic arm 200 through a pin shaft.
  • the hinge structure is simple and can realize relative rotation.
  • This embodiment also provides a crane, including the telescopic boom of the crane provided in the first embodiment, and a body with the above-mentioned telescopic boom of the crane installed on the body.
  • the first-stage telescopic cylinder 600 of the telescopic boom of the crane is connected to the hydraulic system of the machine body.
  • the telescopic boom of the crane provided in the first embodiment is lighter in weight and only uses one first-level telescopic cylinder 600, the power output of the crane during the hoisting process is reduced, thereby reducing energy consumption and reducing the weight of the crane. It reduces the fuel consumption of the crane during driving.

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Abstract

一种起重机伸缩臂及起重机，起重机伸缩臂包括基本臂（100）、一级伸缩油缸（600）和套接在基本臂（100）内的伸缩臂组，一级伸缩油缸（600）安装于伸缩臂组内，用于驱动伸缩臂组伸缩。起重机采用了该起重机伸缩臂，减少了起重机在吊装过程中的动力输出，从而减少能源消耗，同时也减轻了起重机的重量，减少了起重机在行驶过程中的油耗。

Description

一种起重机伸缩臂及起重机 技术领域
本发明涉及起重机技术领域，尤其涉及一种起重机伸缩臂及起重机。
背景技术
起重臂是起重机的核心部件，是起重机吊载作业中最重要的承重结构件；起重臂的重量、强度、刚度、伸缩效率及工作平稳可靠性将直接影响汽车起重机产品的使用性能。通过起重臂的技术创新，提高起重臂的吊重能力、吊高能力、吊远能力以及伸缩效率是各起重机厂家不断追求的目标。
目前，起重机市场上占大多数份额的产品其起重臂伸缩机构采用油缸加绳排的形式，如图1所示，包括第一节臂01、第二节臂02、第三节臂03、第四节臂04、第五节臂05、第一伸缩缸06、第二伸缩缸07、第一缩臂绳08、第二缩臂绳09、第一缩臂轮10、第二缩臂轮11、第一伸臂绳12、第二伸臂绳13、第一伸臂轮14及第二伸臂轮15，第一伸缩缸06驱动第二节臂02实现伸缩动作，第二伸缩缸07驱动第三节臂03、第四节臂04、第五节臂05实现同时同步伸缩动作。该机构的伸缩臂内有两根一级伸缩油缸，导致伸缩臂内结构复杂，自重较大。
且由于起重机臂架是变截面悬臂梁结构，随着臂长的伸长，吊重会变低，但绳排和油缸截面并不随臂长的伸长而变化，然而，在实际应用中，当中长臂吊载重量较小的物件时，起重机只需要更小的绳排和油缸承载力就能满足吊载的要求。
发明内容
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种起重机伸缩臂，该伸缩臂只使用一根一级伸缩油缸就实现了起重机伸缩臂的同步伸缩，减轻了起重机伸缩臂的自重，简化了起重机伸缩臂的内部结构。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明还提供了一种起重机，使用第一目的所提供的起重机伸缩臂，由于本申请提供的起重机伸缩臂重量较轻，且仅使用一根一级伸缩油缸，减少了起重机在吊装过程中的动力输出，从而减少能源消耗，同时也减轻了起重机的重量，减少了起重机在行驶过程中的油耗。
为达上述目的，本发明提供的一种起重机伸缩臂，包括基本臂、一级伸缩油缸和套接在所述基本臂内的伸缩臂组，所述一级伸缩油缸安装于所述伸缩臂组内，用于驱动所述伸缩臂组伸缩。
作为上述技术方案的进一步改进：
上述的起重机伸缩臂，进一步地，还包括绳排机构、第一连接件和第二连接件，所述绳排机构包括第一伸臂绳组件和第一缩臂绳组件，所述伸缩臂组包括第一伸缩臂和第 二伸缩臂；
所述第一伸臂绳组件包括第一伸臂轮和第一伸臂绳，所述第一缩臂绳组件包括第一缩臂轮和第一缩臂绳，所述第一伸臂轮固定于所述第一伸缩臂的底端，所述第一缩臂轮固定于所述第一伸缩臂的顶端，所述第一伸臂绳和所述第一缩臂绳的一端固定于所述基本臂上，所述第一伸臂绳的另一端绕经所述第一伸臂轮与所述第一缩臂绳的绕经所述第一缩臂轮的另一端通过第一连接件相连，所述第二连接件固定于所述第二伸缩臂上，所述第一连接件和第二连接件可进行固定连接。
上述的起重机伸缩臂，进一步地，所述第一伸臂绳的一端固定于所述基本臂的顶端，所述第一伸臂绳的另一端绕经所述第一伸臂轮与所述第一连接件相连；
所述第一缩臂绳的一端固定于所述基本臂的底端，所述第一缩臂绳的另一端绕经所述第一缩臂轮与所述第一连接件相连；
所述第二连接件固定于所述第二伸缩臂的尾部。
上述的起重机伸缩臂，进一步地，所述第一连接件和所述第二连接件均为均设有销孔，所述第一连接件和所述第二连接件可通过销轴连接。
上述的起重机伸缩臂，进一步地，所述一级伸缩油缸的活塞杆的杆端连接在所述第一伸缩臂的底端，所述一级伸缩油缸的缸筒连接在所述第二伸缩臂的底端。
上述的起重机伸缩臂，进一步地，所述活塞杆的杆端通过销轴与所述第一伸缩臂铰接。
上述的起重机伸缩臂，进一步地，所述伸缩臂组还包括第三伸缩臂和第四伸缩臂，所述绳排机构还包括第二伸臂绳组件、第三伸臂绳组件、第二缩臂绳组件和第三缩臂绳组件；
所述第二伸臂绳组件和所述第二缩臂绳组件设置于所述第一伸缩臂与所述第三伸缩臂之间，所述第三伸臂绳组件和所述第三缩臂绳组件设置于所述第二伸缩臂与所述第四伸缩臂之间。
上述的起重机伸缩臂，进一步地，所述第二伸臂绳组件包括第二伸臂轮和第二伸臂绳，所述第二伸臂轮固定于所述缸筒的端部，所述第二伸臂绳的一端固定于所述第一伸缩臂上，所述第二伸臂绳的另一端绕经所述第二伸臂轮固定于所述第三伸缩臂上；
所述第三伸臂绳组件包括第三伸臂轮和第三伸臂绳，所述第三伸臂轮固定于所述第三伸缩臂的顶端，所述第三伸臂绳的一端固定于所述第二伸缩臂上，所述第三伸臂绳的另一端绕经所述第三伸臂轮固定于所述第四伸缩臂上；
所述第二缩臂绳组件包括第二缩臂轮和第二缩臂绳，所述第二缩臂轮固定于所述第二伸缩臂的底端，所述第二缩臂绳的一端固定于所述第一伸缩臂上，所述第二缩臂绳的另一端绕经所述第二缩臂轮固定于所述第三伸缩臂上；
所述第三缩臂绳组件包括第三缩臂轮和第三缩臂绳，所述第三缩臂轮固定于所述第 三伸缩臂的底端，所述第三缩臂绳的一端固定于所述缸筒的端部，所述第三缩臂绳的另一端绕经所述第三缩臂轮固定于所述第四伸缩臂上。
上述的起重机伸缩臂，进一步地，所述第一伸臂绳的一端固定于所述基本臂的顶端，所述第一伸臂绳的另一端绕经所述第一伸臂轮与所述第一连接件相连；
所述第二伸臂绳的一端固定于所述第一伸缩臂的底端，所述第二伸臂绳的另一端绕经所述第二伸臂轮固定于所述第三伸缩臂的底端；
所述第三伸臂绳的一端固定于所述第二伸缩臂的底端，所述第三伸臂绳的另一端绕经所述第三伸臂轮固定于所述第四伸缩臂的底端；
所述第一缩臂绳的一端固定于所述基本臂的底端，所述第一缩臂绳的另一端绕经所述第一缩臂轮与所述第一连接件相连；
所述第二缩臂绳的一端固定于所述第一伸缩臂的顶端，所述第二缩臂绳的另一端绕经所述第二缩臂轮固定于所述第三伸缩臂的底端；
所述第三缩臂绳的一端固定于所述缸筒的顶端，所述第三缩臂绳的另一端绕经所述第三缩臂轮固定于所述第四伸缩臂的顶端。
为达上述目的，本发明还提供了一种起重机，包括：
上述的起重机伸缩臂，及
机体，所述机体安装有上述的起重机伸缩臂。
本发明的有益效果：
本发明提供的一种起重机伸缩臂，包括基本臂、伸缩油缸和套接在所述基本臂内的伸缩臂组，所述伸缩油缸为一级伸缩油缸，所述一级伸缩油缸安装于所述伸缩臂组内，用于驱动所述伸缩臂组伸缩。该起重机伸缩臂只使用一根一级伸缩油缸就实现了起重机伸缩臂的同步伸缩，减轻了起重机伸缩臂的自重，简化了起重机伸缩臂的内部结构，且保持整个伸缩过程能够保持较高的稳定性和可靠性，还能避免多个一级伸缩油缸及其管路安装维护不便、成本较高的问题，使得起重机的起重机伸缩臂结构相对简单，运行更加可靠。
本发明还提供了一种起重机，包括上述的起重机伸缩臂，及机体，机体安装有上述的起重机伸缩臂。由于本申请提供的起重机伸缩臂重量较轻，且仅使用一根一级伸缩油缸，减少了起重机在吊装过程中的动力输出，从而减少能源消耗，同时也减轻了起重机的重量，减少了起重机在行驶过程中的油耗。
综上所述，本发明的起重机伸缩臂及起重机，其具有上述诸多的优点及实用价值，并在同类产品中未见有类似的方法公开发表或使用而确属创新，产生了好用且实用的效果，较现有的技术具有增进的多项功效，从而较为适于实用，并具有广泛的产业价值。
为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能更明显易懂，下文特举较佳实施例，并配合所附附图，作详细说明如下。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，应当理解，以下附图仅示出了本发明的某些实施例，因此不应被看作是对范围的限定，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。
图1示出了现有技术中的起重机伸缩臂的结构示意图；
图2示出了本发明实施例的起重机伸缩臂的结构示意图；
图3示出了本发明实施例的起重机伸缩臂的第二伸缩臂、第三伸缩臂和第四伸缩臂伸出时的结构示意图；
图4示出了本发明实施例的起重机伸缩臂的第一伸缩臂、第二伸缩臂、第三伸缩臂和第四伸缩臂伸出时的结构示意图。
主要元件符号说明：
01-第一节臂01；02-第二节臂；03-第三节臂；04-第四节臂；05-第五节臂；06-第一伸缩缸；07-第二伸缩缸；08-第一缩臂绳；09-第二缩臂绳；10-第一缩臂轮；11-第二缩臂轮；12-第一伸臂绳；13-第二伸臂绳；14-第一伸臂轮；15-第二伸臂轮；
100-基本臂；200-第一伸缩臂；300-第二伸缩臂；400-第三伸缩臂；500-第四伸缩臂；600-一级伸缩油缸；610-活塞杆；620-缸筒；630-支架；700-绳排机构；710-第一伸臂绳组件；711-第一伸臂轮；712-第一伸臂绳；720-第二伸臂绳组件；721-第二伸臂轮；722-第二伸臂绳；730-第三伸臂绳组件；731-第三伸臂轮；732-第三伸臂绳；740-第一缩臂绳组件；741-第一缩臂轮；742-第一缩臂绳；750-第二缩臂绳组件；751-第二缩臂轮；752-第二缩臂绳；760-第三缩臂绳组件；761-第三缩臂轮；762-第三缩臂绳；800-第一连接件；900-第二连接件；1000-销轴。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本发明的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，仅用于解释本发明，而不能理解为对本发明的限制。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本发明的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本发明中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
在本发明中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征“上”或“下”可以是第一和第二特征直接接触，或第一和第二特征通过中间媒介间接接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”可是第一特征在第二特征正上方或斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”可以是第一特征在第二特征正下方或斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。
实施例一
请参阅图2，本实施例的起重机伸缩臂，包括基本臂100，依次套接在基本臂100内的第一伸缩臂200、第二伸缩臂300、第三伸缩臂400、第四伸缩臂500、一级伸缩油缸600和绳排机构700。
绳排机构700包括第一伸臂绳组件710、第二伸臂绳组件720、第三伸臂绳组件730、第一缩臂绳组件740、第二缩臂绳组件750和第三缩臂绳组件760，一级伸缩油缸600包括活塞杆610和缸筒620，活塞杆610的杆端连接在第一伸缩臂200的底端，缸筒620连接在第二伸缩臂300的底端。
第一伸臂绳组件710和第一缩臂绳组件740设置于基本臂100与第二伸缩臂300之间，第二伸臂绳组件720和第二缩臂绳组件750设置于第一伸缩臂200与第三伸缩臂400之间，第三伸臂绳组件730和第三缩臂绳组件760设置于第二伸缩臂300与第四伸缩臂500之间。
第一伸臂绳组件710包括第一伸臂轮711和第一伸臂绳712，第一伸臂轮711固定于第一伸缩臂200的底端，第一伸臂绳712的一端固定于基本臂100上，第一伸臂绳712的另一端绕经第一伸臂轮711固定于第二伸缩臂300上。
第二伸臂绳组件720包括第二伸臂轮721和第二伸臂绳722，第二伸臂轮721固定于缸筒620的端部，第二伸臂绳722的一端固定于第一伸缩臂200上，第二伸臂绳722的另一端绕经第二伸臂轮721固定于第三伸缩臂400上。
第三伸臂绳组件730包括第三伸臂轮731和第三伸臂绳732，第三伸臂轮731固定 于第三伸缩臂400的顶端，第三伸臂绳732的一端固定于第二伸缩臂300上，第三伸臂绳732的另一端绕经第三伸臂轮731固定于第四伸缩臂500上。
第一缩臂绳组件740包括第一缩臂轮741和第一缩臂绳742，第一缩臂轮741固定于第一伸缩臂200的顶端，第一缩臂绳742的一端固定于基本臂100上，第一缩臂绳742的另一端绕经第一缩臂轮741固定于第二伸缩臂300上。
第二缩臂绳组件750包括第二缩臂轮751和第二缩臂绳752，第二缩臂轮751固定于第二伸缩臂300的底端，第二缩臂绳752的一端固定于第一伸缩臂200上，第二缩臂绳752的另一端绕经第二缩臂轮751固定于第三伸缩臂400上。
第三缩臂绳组件760包括第三缩臂轮761和第三缩臂绳762，第三缩臂轮761固定于第三伸缩臂400的底端，第三缩臂绳762的一端固定于缸筒620的端部，第三缩臂绳762的另一端绕经第三缩臂轮761固定于第四伸缩臂500上。
本申请实施例提供的起重机伸缩臂的伸缩原理说明如下：
1)伸臂原理：
一级伸缩油缸600的活塞杆610的杆端固定连接在第一伸缩臂200的底端，当无杆腔进油时，缸筒620相对于活塞杆610伸出，缸筒620固定在第二伸缩臂300的底端，带动第二伸缩臂300伸出，第一伸臂轮711固定于第一伸缩臂200上，第一伸臂绳712的一端固定于基本臂100上，第一伸臂绳712的另一端绕经第一伸臂轮711固定于第二伸缩臂300上，因为第一伸臂绳712的总长度一定，第一伸臂绳712带动第一伸缩臂200同步伸出，固定于缸筒620端部的第二伸臂轮721同步伸出，第二伸臂绳722带动第三伸缩臂400同步伸出，同样的，固定于第三伸缩臂400顶端的第三伸臂轮731同步伸出，第三伸臂绳732带动第四伸缩臂500同步伸出。
2)缩臂原理：
当有杆腔进油时，缸筒620相对于活塞杆610缩回，带动第二伸缩臂300缩回，第一缩臂轮741固定于第一伸缩臂200上，第一缩臂绳742的一端固定于基本臂100上，第一缩臂绳742的另一端绕经第一缩臂轮741固定于第二伸缩臂300上，因为第一缩臂绳742的总长度一定，第一缩臂绳742带动第一伸缩臂200同步缩回，同样的，第二缩臂绳752带动第三伸缩臂400同步缩回，第三缩臂绳762带动第四伸缩臂500同步缩回。
相对于现有技术中，起重机的起重机伸缩臂通常需设置两根一级伸缩油缸600缸的方式，本申请实施例采用一根一级伸缩油缸600加绳排组件的方式控制五节臂的同步伸缩，减轻了起重机伸缩臂的自重，简化了起重机伸缩臂的内部结构，且保持整个伸缩过程能够保持较高的稳定性和可靠性，还能避免多个单级伸缩油缸及其管路安装维护不便、成本较高的问题，使得起重机的起重机伸缩臂结构相对简单，运行更加可靠。
本申请提供的起重机伸缩臂，还包括第一连接件800和第二连接件900，第一伸臂绳712和第一缩臂绳742的一端固定于基本臂100上，第一伸臂绳712的绕经第一伸臂 轮711的另一端和第一缩臂绳742的绕经第一缩臂轮741的另一端通过第一连接件800相连，第二连接件900固定于第二伸缩臂300上，第一连接件800和第二连接件900可进行固定连接。
请参阅图3，当需要三节臂伸出进行吊装时，第一连接件800不与第二连接件900固定连接，一级伸缩油缸600的缸筒620伸出，第一伸缩臂200不随之同步伸出，仅第三伸缩臂400和第四伸缩臂500随之同步伸缩。
请参阅图4，当需要四节臂伸出进行吊装时，第一连接件800与第二连接件900固定连接，一级伸缩油缸600的缸筒620伸出，第一伸缩臂200随之同步伸出，且第三伸缩臂400和第四伸缩臂500随之同步伸缩。
本申请提供的起重机伸缩臂，第一伸臂绳712的一端固定于基本臂100的顶端，第一伸臂绳712的另一端绕经第一伸臂轮711与第一连接件800相连。
第一缩臂绳742的一端固定于基本臂100的底端，第一缩臂绳742的另一端绕经第一缩臂轮741与第一连接件800相连。
第二连接件900固定于第二伸缩臂300的尾部。
本申请提供的起重机伸缩臂，第二伸臂绳722的一端固定于第一伸缩臂200的底端，第二伸臂绳722的另一端绕经第二伸臂轮721固定于第三伸缩臂400的底端。
第三伸臂绳732的一端固定于第二伸缩臂300的底端，第三伸臂绳732的另一端绕经第三伸臂轮731固定于第四伸缩臂500的底端。
第二缩臂绳752的一端固定于第一伸缩臂200的顶端，第二缩臂绳752的另一端绕经第二缩臂轮751固定于第三伸缩臂400的底端。
第三缩臂绳762的一端固定于缸筒620的端部，第三缩臂绳762的另一端绕经第三缩臂轮761固定于第四伸缩臂500的顶端。
由于基本臂100的臂板和第一伸缩臂200的臂板以及第一伸缩臂200的臂板和第二伸缩臂300的臂板之间的空间有限，将第一伸臂绳712的一端固定于基本臂100的顶端，第一伸臂绳712的另一端绕经第一伸臂轮711与第一连接件800，便于第一伸臂绳712的安装、维修。
同理，由于第三伸缩臂400内部安装有一级伸缩油缸600，内部空间有限，将第二伸臂绳722的一端固定于第一伸缩臂200的底端，第二伸臂绳722的另一端绕经第二伸臂轮721固定于第三伸缩臂400的底端，便于第二伸臂绳722的安装、维修。
同理，由于第三伸缩臂400的臂板和第四伸缩臂500的臂板之间的空间有限，将第三伸臂绳732的一端固定于第二伸缩臂300的底端，第三伸臂绳732的另一端绕经第三伸臂轮731固定于第四伸缩臂500的底端，便于第三伸臂绳732的安装、维修。
同理，由于第一伸缩臂200的臂板和第二伸缩臂300的臂板之间的空间有限，将第一缩臂绳742的一端固定于基本臂100的底端，第一缩臂绳742的另一端绕经第一缩臂 轮741与第一连接件800相连，便于第一缩臂绳742的安装、维修。
同理，由于第一伸缩臂200的臂板和第二伸缩臂300的臂板之间的空间有限，将第二缩臂绳752的一端固定于第一伸缩臂200的顶端，第二缩臂绳752的另一端绕经第二缩臂轮751固定于第三伸缩臂400的底端，便于第二缩臂绳752的安装、维修。
同理，由于第三伸缩臂400的臂板和第四伸缩臂500的臂板之间的空间有限，将第三缩臂绳762的一端固定于第二伸缩臂300的底端，第三缩臂绳762的另一端绕经第三缩臂轮761固定于第四伸缩臂500的底端，便于第三缩臂绳762的安装、维修。
本实施例的起重机伸缩臂，第一连接件800和第二连接件900均为设有销孔的连接件，第一连接件800和第二连接件900可通过一销轴连接。
当需要三节臂伸出进行吊装时，将销轴1000从第一连接件800和第二连接件900的销孔中抽出，一级伸缩油缸600的缸筒620伸出，第一伸缩臂200不随之同步伸出，仅第三伸缩臂400和第四伸缩臂500随之同步伸缩。
当需要四节臂伸出进行吊装时，将销轴1000插入第一连接件800和第二连接件900的销孔中，一级伸缩油缸600的缸筒620伸出，第一伸缩臂200随之同步伸出，且第三伸缩臂400和第四伸缩臂500随之同步伸缩。
本实施例的起重机伸缩臂，缸筒620的端部安装有支架，第二伸臂轮721固定于支架630上。在缸筒620的端部安装有支架630，便于第二伸臂轮721的安装。本实施例的起重机伸缩臂，活塞杆610的杆端通过销轴与第一伸缩臂200铰接。铰接结构简单，且能实现相对转动。
实施例二
本实施例还提供了一种起重机，包括实施例一所提供的起重机伸缩臂，及机体，机体安装有上述的起重机伸缩臂。
本实施例的起重机，起重机伸缩臂的一级伸缩油缸600与机体的液压系统相连。
由于实施例一所提供的起重机伸缩臂,重量较轻，且仅使用一根一级伸缩油缸600，减少了起重机在吊装过程中的动力输出，从而减少能源消耗，同时也减轻了起重机的重量，减少了起重机在行驶过程中的油耗。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不必须针对的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。此外，在不相互矛盾的情况下，本领域的技术人员可以将本说明书中描述的不同实施例或示例以及不同实施例或示例的特征进行结合和组合。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术 人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
尽管上面已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，可以理解的是，上述实施例是示例性的，不能理解为对本发明的限制，本领域的普通技术人员在本发明的范围内可以对上述实施例进行变化、修改、替换和变型。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种起重机伸缩臂，其特征在于，包括基本臂、一级伸缩油缸和套接在所述基本臂内的伸缩臂组，所述一级伸缩油缸安装于所述伸缩臂组内，用于驱动所述伸缩臂组伸缩。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述起重机伸缩臂，其特征在于，还包括绳排机构、第一连接件和第二连接件，所述绳排机构包括第一伸臂绳组件和第一缩臂绳组件，所述伸缩臂组包括第一伸缩臂和第二伸缩臂；
    所述第一伸臂绳组件包括第一伸臂轮和第一伸臂绳，所述第一缩臂绳组件包括第一缩臂轮和第一缩臂绳，所述第一伸臂轮固定于所述第一伸缩臂的底端，所述第一缩臂轮固定于所述第一伸缩臂的顶端，所述第一伸臂绳和所述第一缩臂绳的一端固定于所述基本臂上，所述第一伸臂绳的另一端绕经所述第一伸臂轮与所述第一缩臂绳的绕经所述第一缩臂轮的另一端通过第一连接件相连，所述第二连接件固定于所述第二伸缩臂上，所述第一连接件和第二连接件可进行固定连接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述起重机伸缩臂，其特征在于，所述第一伸臂绳的一端固定于所述基本臂的顶端，所述第一伸臂绳的另一端绕经所述第一伸臂轮与所述第一连接件相连；
    所述第一缩臂绳的一端固定于所述基本臂的底端，所述第一缩臂绳的另一端绕经所述第一缩臂轮与所述第一连接件相连；
    所述第二连接件固定于所述第二伸缩臂的尾部。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述起重机伸缩臂，其特征在于，所述第一连接件和所述第二连接件均设有销孔，所述第一连接件和所述第二连接件可通过销轴连接。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述起重机伸缩臂，其特征在于，所述一级伸缩油缸的活塞杆的杆端连接在所述第一伸缩臂的底端，所述一级伸缩油缸的缸筒连接在所述第二伸缩臂的底端。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述起重机伸缩臂，其特征在于，所述活塞杆的杆端通过销轴与所述第一伸缩臂铰接。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的起重机伸缩臂，其特征在于，所述伸缩臂组还包括第三伸缩臂和第四伸缩臂，所述绳排机构还包括第二伸臂绳组件、第三伸臂绳组件、第二缩臂绳组件和第三缩臂绳组件，
    所述第二伸臂绳组件和所述第二缩臂绳组件设置于所述第一伸缩臂与所述第三伸缩臂之间，所述第三伸臂绳组件和所述第三缩臂绳组件设置于所述第二伸缩臂与所述第四伸缩臂之间。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的起重机伸缩臂，其特征在于，所述第二伸臂绳组件包括第 二伸臂轮和第二伸臂绳，所述第二伸臂轮固定于所述缸筒的端部，所述第二伸臂绳的一端固定于所述第一伸缩臂上，所述第二伸臂绳的另一端绕经所述第二伸臂轮固定于所述第三伸缩臂上；
    所述第三伸臂绳组件包括第三伸臂轮和第三伸臂绳，所述第三伸臂轮固定于所述第三伸缩臂的顶端，所述第三伸臂绳的一端固定于所述第二伸缩臂上，所述第三伸臂绳的另一端绕经所述第三伸臂轮固定于所述第四伸缩臂上；
    所述第二缩臂绳组件包括第二缩臂轮和第二缩臂绳，所述第二缩臂轮固定于所述第二伸缩臂的底端，所述第二缩臂绳的一端固定于所述第一伸缩臂上，所述第二缩臂绳的另一端绕经所述第二缩臂轮固定于所述第三伸缩臂上；
    所述第三缩臂绳组件包括第三缩臂轮和第三缩臂绳，所述第三缩臂轮固定于所述第三伸缩臂的底端，所述第三缩臂绳的一端固定于所述缸筒的端部，所述第三缩臂绳的另一端绕经所述第三缩臂轮固定于所述第四伸缩臂上。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的起重机伸缩臂，其特征在于，所述第一伸臂绳的一端固定于所述基本臂的顶端，所述第一伸臂绳的另一端绕经所述第一伸臂轮与所述第一连接件相连；
    所述第二伸臂绳的一端固定于所述第一伸缩臂的底端，所述第二伸臂绳的另一端绕经所述第二伸臂轮固定于所述第三伸缩臂的底端；
    所述第三伸臂绳的一端固定于所述第二伸缩臂的底端，所述第三伸臂绳的另一端绕经所述第三伸臂轮固定于所述第四伸缩臂的底端；
    所述第一缩臂绳的一端固定于所述基本臂的底端，所述第一缩臂绳的另一端绕经所述第一缩臂轮与所述第一连接件相连；
    所述第二缩臂绳的一端固定于所述第一伸缩臂的顶端，所述第二缩臂绳的另一端绕经所述第二缩臂轮固定于所述第三伸缩臂的底端；
    所述第三缩臂绳的一端固定于所述缸筒的顶端，所述第三缩臂绳的另一端绕经所述第三缩臂轮固定于所述第四伸缩臂的顶端。
  10. 一种起重机，其特征在于，包括：
    权利要求1-9任一项所述的起重机伸缩臂，及
    机体，所述机体安装有所述起重机伸缩臂。
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