WO2021244383A1 - 一种平面移动式停车设备 - Google Patents

一种平面移动式停车设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021244383A1
WO2021244383A1 PCT/CN2021/096299 CN2021096299W WO2021244383A1 WO 2021244383 A1 WO2021244383 A1 WO 2021244383A1 CN 2021096299 W CN2021096299 W CN 2021096299W WO 2021244383 A1 WO2021244383 A1 WO 2021244383A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
car
board
platform
exchange
channel
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/096299
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
于君
Original Assignee
于君
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 于君 filed Critical 于君
Publication of WO2021244383A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021244383A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H6/00—Buildings for parking cars, rolling-stock, aircraft, vessels or like vehicles, e.g. garages
    • E04H6/08—Garages for many vehicles
    • E04H6/12—Garages for many vehicles with mechanical means for shifting or lifting vehicles
    • E04H6/30—Garages for many vehicles with mechanical means for shifting or lifting vehicles with means for transport in horizontal direction only
    • E04H6/34—Garages for many vehicles with mechanical means for shifting or lifting vehicles with means for transport in horizontal direction only characterised by use of movable platforms
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H6/00—Buildings for parking cars, rolling-stock, aircraft, vessels or like vehicles, e.g. garages
    • E04H6/08—Garages for many vehicles
    • E04H6/12—Garages for many vehicles with mechanical means for shifting or lifting vehicles
    • E04H6/18—Garages for many vehicles with mechanical means for shifting or lifting vehicles with means for transport in vertical direction only or independently in vertical and horizontal directions
    • E04H6/22—Garages for many vehicles with mechanical means for shifting or lifting vehicles with means for transport in vertical direction only or independently in vertical and horizontal directions characterised by use of movable platforms for horizontal transport, i.e. cars being permanently parked on palettes
    • E04H6/225—Garages for many vehicles with mechanical means for shifting or lifting vehicles with means for transport in vertical direction only or independently in vertical and horizontal directions characterised by use of movable platforms for horizontal transport, i.e. cars being permanently parked on palettes without transverse movement of the parking palette after leaving the transfer means

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to a parking equipment, in particular to a flat mobile parking equipment that uses a mobile car board to transport vehicles.
  • the car storage process is to pass the car board with the vehicle through the entrance of the garage through the carrier
  • the horizontal access channel in the vehicle storage layer is transferred to the vacant space in the storage yard where the car carrier board can be placed; the car pick-up process is to take out the carrier with the waiting vehicle from the car board queue through the access channel through the carrier.
  • the car board is moved to the exit of the car.
  • This type of parking equipment has a long-standing defect that has plagued the industry. It is difficult to improve the overall operation efficiency due to the empty time of the dispatching car board and cannot meet the requirements of fast access.
  • This application provides a plane mobile parking equipment, including:
  • At least one vehicle storage layer In the same vehicle storage layer, at least one access channel and at least one storage channel are arranged longitudinally; the access channel is adjacent to the at least one storage channel;
  • the guide part is arranged in the storage channel and the take-out channel, and is used to support and guide the longitudinal displacement of the car board;
  • the guide part in the storage channel is arranged with a plurality of carriers that can be longitudinally displaced by the drive system Car board;
  • the car board on the guide part in the access channel can be longitudinally displaced by the drive system along the guide part;
  • adjacent car boards on the guide part can squeeze against each other, and the car board that is moved Can push the adjacent car board to move;
  • a lateral transport vehicle which can move the carrier board on the guide part in the storage channel to the guide part in the retrieval channel;
  • An exchange station the exchange station is arranged in the same vehicle storage layer, and the exchange station can park the car board;
  • the drive system in the fetching channel can drive the car carrier to move along the guide to the exchange; the car carrier on the exchange can be moved into the storage channel by the drive system; the car carrier in the fetching channel can be moved into the empty exchange by the drive system On stage.
  • the drive system in the access channel includes: a car board driving and braking system, the car board driving and braking system is exchanged along the driveable car board fixedly arranged in the access channel The table direction is longitudinally shifted.
  • the guide portion supports both sides of the car board; the bottom channel of the car board supported by the guide portion on both sides is provided with a longitudinally penetrating bottom channel; at least one is arranged for each storage channel and each access channel Side trucks; the side trucks can move longitudinally along the bottom of the access and storage channels; the side trucks can be in the storage channels and the bottom channels below the bottom of each carrier board on the guides in the access channels Walk through
  • a lifting mechanism capable of lifting and falling is provided on the lateral transport vehicle
  • the lifting mechanism of the lateral transport vehicle can raise the vehicle board, so that the vehicle board is separated from the storage channel.
  • the lateral transfer mechanism of the lateral transport vehicle can shift the vehicle carrier in the direction of the lateral access channel;
  • the hoisting mechanism and the lateral transfer mechanism in the raised state of the lateral transport vehicle in the access channel can support and receive the vehicle carrier board transferred from the lateral transport vehicle in the adjacent storage channel on the side, and can be used by The lifting mechanism drops it onto the guide part in the taking channel.
  • Both sides in the exchange platform are provided with guide parts for supporting and guiding the longitudinal displacement of the car carrier; the guide part in the access channel can be longitudinally connected with the guide part in the exchange platform;
  • At least one of the storage channels is adjacent to the side of the exchange platform; the area in the storage channel that is aligned laterally with the exchange platform is provided with an avoidance area; the avoidance area is equipped with a lifting mechanism and a lateral direction capable of lifting and falling.
  • the car board supported by the guide in the avoidance area can be moved out of the avoidance area along the guide by the drive system;
  • the lifting mechanism and lateral transfer mechanism that can do the lifting and falling actions are arranged in the exchange platform; the lifting mechanism in the exchange platform can raise the car board on the guide part, so that the car board is separated from the guide part, Then the lateral transfer mechanism transfers the car board to the vacant avoidance area in the adjacent storage channel on the side;
  • the raised hoisting mechanism and lateral transfer mechanism in the vacant avoidance area can support and receive the car board transferred from the exchange platform, and can make the car board fall into the guide in the avoidance area Ministry;
  • the car board on the guide part in the access channel can be moved into the exchange table by the drive system along the guide part.
  • the at least one storage channel has a storage channel that is longitudinally connected to the exchange station; both sides in the exchange station are provided with longitudinal guides for supporting and guiding the car board;
  • the guide part in the storage channel that is docked with the exchange station can be longitudinally butted and communicated with the guide part in the exchange station;
  • the side of the fetching channel is adjacent to the switching platform; the region of the fetching channel that is aligned laterally with the switching platform is provided with a dumping area;
  • the exchange platform is also equipped with a lifting mechanism and a lateral transfer mechanism that can perform lifting and falling actions;
  • the car board supported by the guide in the exchange platform can be moved by the drive system along the guide to the storage channel;
  • the unloading area is equipped with lifting and Lifting mechanism and lateral transfer mechanism for falling action;
  • the lifting mechanism in the unloading area can lift the car board on the guide part, so that the car board is separated from the guide part, and then the lateral transfer mechanism The car board is transferred to the vacant exchange station;
  • the raised hoisting mechanism and lateral transfer mechanism in the vacant exchange station can support and receive the car board transferred from the unloading area, and the hoisting mechanism will drop the car board into the exchange station On the guide.
  • At least one storage channel is arranged longitudinally on the side of the exchange station, and at least one of the storage channels is adjacent to the exchange station;
  • the avoidance area In the storage channel on the side of the exchange platform, there is an avoidance area in the area that is aligned with the side of the exchange; the avoidance area is equipped with a lifting mechanism and a lateral transfer mechanism that can perform lifting and falling actions;
  • the car board supported by the guide in the avoidance area can be moved out of the avoidance area along the guide by the drive system; the lifting mechanism in the exchange platform can lift the guide The vehicle carrier board is separated from the guide part, and then the vehicle carrier board is transferred by the lateral transfer mechanism to the empty avoidance area in the adjacent storage channel on the side;
  • the raised hoisting mechanism and the lateral transfer mechanism in the vacant avoidance area can support and receive the car carrier board transferred from the side, and can make the carrier board fall into the guide of the avoidance area Ministry.
  • a first storage channel, the first storage channel is adjacent to the side of the fetch channel
  • a second storage channel where the second storage channel is side by side adjacent to the first storage channel
  • the exchange station is longitudinally adjacent to the end of the first storage channel; the two sides of the exchange station are respectively adjacent to the access channel and the second storage channel;
  • the second storage channel there is an avoidance area in the area that is laterally aligned with the exchange station; in the access channel, there is a transfer area in the area that is laterally aligned with the exchange platform; in the avoidance area and the transfer area, Equipped with lifting mechanism and lateral transfer mechanism;
  • the car board supported by the guide in the avoidance area can be moved out of the avoidance area along the guide by the drive system;
  • the carriage plate in the exchange station can be transferred to the avoidance area by the lateral transfer mechanism; the raised hoisting mechanism and the lateral transfer mechanism in the avoidance area can be transferred to the avoidance area.
  • the board is separated from the guiding part, and the side transfer mechanism transfers the car board to the exchange table; the side transfer mechanism of the exchange station can receive the car board transferred from the unloading area.
  • the switchboard includes: a front port and a rear port that are longitudinally opposed; the fetch channel is divided into a front section fetch channel and a rear section fetch channel; The port is longitudinally connected with the front port of the passage in the rear section;
  • the two sides in the exchange platform are provided with longitudinal guides for supporting and guiding the car-carrying board;
  • the guides in the exchange platform can be longitudinally butt-connected and communicated with the guides in the front and rear take-in channels;
  • Temporary storage areas are set up in the back-end area of the front passage and the front-end area of the rear passage; in the temporary storage area there is a lifting mechanism and a lateral transfer mechanism;
  • An avoidance area is set up in the storage channel that is laterally aligned with the temporary storage area, and a lifting mechanism and a lateral transfer mechanism are set up in the avoidance area;
  • the lifting mechanism in the avoidance area When the lifting mechanism in the avoidance area is in the falling state, the car board supported by the guide in the avoidance area can be moved out of the avoidance area along the guide by the drive system; the lifting mechanism in the temporary storage area can raise the guide The upper car board makes the car board separate from the guiding part, and then the side transfer mechanism transfers the car board to the adjacent vacant avoidance area; the vacant avoidance area has been raised.
  • the lifting mechanism and the lateral transfer mechanism can support and receive the car board transferred from the side, and can make the car board fall to the guide part in the avoidance area;
  • the car board can be moved to the temporary storage area by the drive system along the guide in the access channel;
  • the carriage plate on the guide part in the exchange station can be moved by the drive system to the guide part in the vacant temporary storage area;
  • the car board on the guide part in the temporary storage area can be moved to the guide part in the vacant exchange area by the drive system.
  • the lateral transport vehicle straddles above the storage channel and the storage space of the retrieval channel, and can move along a longitudinal track;
  • the lateral transport vehicle includes: a lifting and transferring mechanism that can move back and forth between the access channel and the adjacent storage channel;
  • the lifting and transferring mechanism of the lateral transport vehicle When the lifting and transferring mechanism of the lateral transport vehicle is moved to the alignment position above a car carrier in the storage channel, the lifting and transferring mechanism can lift the car carrier and the vehicle carried by it to the height from the guide part, Then move it horizontally and place it down on the guide part of the access channel.
  • the car board is provided with a car board roof
  • the side of the roof of the car board is connected with the side beam of the car board through pillars;
  • a hook is provided on the upper part of the roof of the car board
  • the lifting and transferring mechanism of the lateral transport vehicle can hook the hook on the upper part of the roof of the car carrier, and lift the car carrier to a height from the guide part as a whole, and then move it horizontally and place it down on the guide part of the taking channel .
  • the car board is provided with a ceiling; the side of the car board ceiling is connected with the side beams of the car board through pillars.
  • the driving and braking system of the vehicle carrier plate includes a guide part with a gradient of >1 ⁇ and ⁇ 5 ⁇ in the passageway and facing the exchange platform; A speed limiting device that limits the speed at which the car board slides along a sloped guide part and a limit braking device arranged adjacent to the exchange platform.
  • vehicle access layer Also includes: vehicle access layer;
  • the exchange platform is arranged in an elevator hoistway containing a guide rail; the elevator hoistway connects the vehicle storage layer and the vehicle access layer; the exchange platform can move up and down between the vehicle storage layer and the vehicle access layer.
  • the exchange station is provided with a lateral transfer mechanism
  • the vehicle access layer includes a left parking platform and a right parking platform with lateral transfer mechanism
  • the left side of the exchange platform is connected to the left parking platform, and the right side of the switching platform is connected to the right parking platform; the car carrier board in the switching platform can be moved into the left parking platform by the lateral transfer mechanism or Right parking platform; at the same time, the car carrier board in the right parking platform or the left parking platform can be moved into the exchange platform by the lateral transfer mechanism.
  • the vehicle access layer is located below the vehicle storage layer
  • the bottom of the hoistway is provided with a lifting bridge that can carry the vehicle board, and a lateral transfer mechanism is provided on the lifting bridge;
  • the lowered lift bridge that can carry the vacant car board is located in the space below the exchange platform;
  • the lift bridge can rise to the position where it meets the level of the left parking platform and the right parking platform;
  • the car carrier board in the lift bridge is moved into the left parking platform or the right parking platform by the lateral transfer mechanism, and the empty parking platform in the right parking platform or the left parking platform
  • the car board can be moved into the lift bridge by the lateral transfer mechanism, and can be lowered to the lower position with the lift bridge.
  • the vehicle access layer is located above the vehicle storage layer;
  • the top of the hoistway is provided with a lifting bridge that can carry the vehicle board, and a lateral transfer mechanism is provided on the lifting bridge;
  • the lift bridge that has been raised to a high position is located on the car board of the exchange platform and the vehicle carried by it. In the upper space
  • the lift bridge When the exchange platform is lowered, the lift bridge can be lowered to the position where it meets the level of the left parking platform and the right parking platform;
  • the car loading board in the lifting bridge is moved into the left parking platform or the right parking platform by the lateral transfer mechanism, and the car loading board in the right parking platform or the left parking platform It can be moved into the lift bridge by the lateral transfer mechanism, and can be raised to a high position with the lift bridge.
  • the switchboard includes: a front port and a rear port that are longitudinally opposed;
  • Both sides in the exchange platform are provided with longitudinal guides for supporting and guiding the car board;
  • the vehicle access layer includes: a front parking platform and a rear parking platform; both sides of the front parking platform and the rear parking platform are provided with longitudinal guides for supporting and guiding the vehicle carrier plate;
  • the front port of the switchboard When the switchboard is leveling with the vehicle access floor, the front port of the switchboard is docked with the rear end of the front parking platform, the rear port of the switchboard is docked with the front end of the rear parking platform, and the guide part of the switchboard is connected to the front parking platform and
  • the guide parts of the rear parking platform are connected to each other; the car carrier board in the exchange platform can be moved into the front parking platform or the rear parking platform along the guide by the driving system, and the car carrier board in the front parking platform or the rear parking platform can be driven by the system Move into the exchange table along the guide.
  • the vehicle access layer is located below the vehicle storage layer
  • the bottom of the hoistway is provided with a lift bridge that can park the car board; both sides of the lift bridge are provided with longitudinal guides for supporting and guiding the car board;
  • the lift bridge that has been lowered to a low position is located in the space below the switching platform;
  • the lift bridge When the exchange platform rises, the lift bridge can be raised to the position where it is docked with the front parking platform and the rear parking platform; and the guide part of the lift bridge is connected with the guide parts of the front parking platform and the rear parking platform;
  • the car loading plate in the lift bridge can be moved by the drive system along the guiding part into the front parking platform or the rear parking platform, and the rear parking platform or the front parking platform is empty
  • the car board can be moved into the lift bridge along the guide by the drive system, and can be lowered to the lower position with the lift bridge.
  • the vehicle access layer is located above the vehicle storage layer;
  • the top of the hoistway is provided with a lift bridge that can park the car board; both sides of the lift bridge are provided with longitudinal guides for supporting and guiding the car board;
  • the lift bridge that has been raised to a high position is located in the car board of the switching platform and the space above the vehicle it carries;
  • the lift bridge When the exchange platform is lowered, the lift bridge can be lowered to the position where it meets the level of the front parking platform and the rear parking platform;
  • the car board in the lift bridge can be moved by the drive system along the guiding part into the front parking platform or the rear parking platform, the rear parking platform or the car in the front parking platform
  • the plate can be moved into the lift bridge along the guide by the drive system, and can be raised to a high position with the lift bridge.
  • Three ground transfer platforms are arranged side by side on the vehicle access floor, wherein the middle ground transfer platform is located at the bottom of the lifting shaft;
  • a side-mounted ground conveyor is flush with the carriageway
  • the car-carrying track of the exchange platform dropped to the lower position can sink into the gap between the ground transfer platforms.
  • longitudinal and lateral refer to two directions that are approximately perpendicular to each other and horizontal, and “lateral” refers to a place located in a “lateral” direction.
  • the "guide portion” referred to herein refers to a structure or component that supports and restricts the direction of movement of the vehicle carrier board, such as the track, the row of rollers, and the magnetic levitation track in the prior art.
  • the carrier board supported and limited by the “guide portion” is provided with a moving pair that matches the "guide portion", such as wheels, guide beams, and magnetic suspension feet.
  • the lateral transport vehicle and the carrier board in the retrieval channel are not obstructive to each other, they can be moved independently, and the work required by the lateral transport vehicle is only to carry the carrier board of the vehicle to be retrieved in the storage channel or need to make way
  • the empty car board can be transferred to the taking channel, and the car board moved to the taking channel can be moved to the exchange table by other driving forces, without relying on the transport trolley for transportation.
  • the switchboard can serve as a vehicle access area for vehicles to enter and exit the car board.
  • the exchange platform running through the hoistway can transport the car board in the storage layer of each layer to the vehicle access layer.
  • the car board in the exchange station with the vehicle to be stored can be moved into the storage channel by driving force without the transport trolley, the storage procedure is completed, and the lateral truck during this period can transfer more car boards at the same time
  • all the car boards carrying the vehicles to be picked up that are transferred to the access channel can independently move to the exchange station, forming a waiting queue in front of the exchange station, and then enter the exchange station in sequence.
  • a neutral position will be formed in the car board queue in the storage channel. These gaps will be filled by other inward-moving car carriers, and at the head of the queue near the exchange station, empty spaces will be formed. These empty spaces are car carriers from the exchange station carrying vehicles to be stored or due to vehicles leaving.
  • the vacant car board provides storage space and forms the storage and retrieval operation of cyclic filling.
  • the setting of the parking platform prevents the exchange platform from being occupied for a long time during the process of vehicles entering and exiting the car board, and improves the working efficiency of the lifting exchange platform.
  • the setting of the lift bridge allows the parking bays configured in pairs to be used in the car storage area and the car retrieval area respectively, and the empty car board in the car retrieval area can be transferred to the car storage area waiting for the empty car board in time. Further improve the access efficiency.
  • the present invention eliminates the inefficiency problem of the prior art that the access channel is monopolized by the carrier for a long time and the carrier is occupied for a long time by a single access operation, and also avoids the problem that the access operations cannot be performed at the same time. Significantly improve access efficiency and improve user experience.
  • Fig. 1 is a perspective view and a partial enlarged view of the embodiment 1 when the vehicle carrier board is not arranged, viewed from the front upper perspective;
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view and a partial enlarged view of the car board of embodiment 1 viewed from a front upper perspective;
  • Fig. 3 is a perspective view and a partial enlarged view of the car board of embodiment 1 viewed from a front and lower perspective;
  • Embodiment 4 is a perspective view and a partial enlarged view of the lateral transport vehicle of Embodiment 1 viewed from a front upper perspective;
  • Figure 5 is a perspective view and a partial enlarged view of the exchange table of Embodiment 1 viewed from a front upper perspective;
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the operating state when the lateral transport vehicle of Embodiment 1 transfers the car board to the side of the access channel;
  • Figure 7 is a perspective view of the operating state of the switchboard of Embodiment 1 when transferring the car board to the storage channel;
  • Figure 8 is a perspective view of the operating state of the car board of Embodiment 1 when it is moved into the exchange station;
  • Figure 9 is a perspective view of the operating state of the lateral transport vehicle of the second embodiment when it transfers the car board to the side of the access channel;
  • Figure 10 is a perspective view of the operating state when the car board of the second embodiment is moved into the exchange station;
  • Fig. 11 is a perspective view and a partial enlarged view of the exchange table of the third embodiment when the car-carrying plate is not arranged;
  • Figure 12 is a perspective view and a partial enlarged view of the car board of Embodiment 3 viewed from a front and lower perspective;
  • Figure 13 is a perspective view and a partial enlarged view of the exchange table of Embodiment 3 viewed from a front upper perspective;
  • FIG. 14 is a perspective view and a partial enlarged view of the operating state when the parking platform of the embodiment 4 transfers the car board to the lift bridge;
  • FIG. 15 is a perspective view of the car board of embodiment 4 viewed from a front upper perspective
  • FIG. 16 is a perspective view and a partial enlarged view of the vehicle board of Embodiment 4 viewed from a front and lower perspective;
  • Figure 17 is a perspective view and a partial enlarged view of the operating state of the exchange platform of the fourth embodiment when carrying out the simultaneous access operation of the car board;
  • FIG. 18 is a perspective view and a partial enlarged view of the operating state when the lateral transport vehicle of Embodiment 5 transfers the car board to the access channel;
  • FIG. 19 is a perspective view and a partial enlarged view of the vehicle board of Embodiment 5 viewed from a front and lower perspective;
  • FIG. 20 is a perspective view of the operating state of the switchboard in Embodiment 5 when transferring the car board to the storage channel;
  • FIG. 21 is a perspective view of the operating state of the multi-layer application mode of Embodiment 5;
  • Figure 22 is a perspective view of the operating state of the dual exchange station of the sixth embodiment when performing access operations
  • FIG. 23 is a perspective view of the exchange table of Embodiment 6 viewed from the front and upper perspective;
  • Figures 24 to 30 are schematic top views of the operating steps when taking out the deep-layer car board in the seventh embodiment.
  • FIG. 31 is a schematic top view of the curved parking platform scheme of Embodiment 7; FIG.
  • 32 to 34 are schematic side views of the operating mode of the longitudinal separation device on the lateral carrier described in Embodiment 2;
  • Example 35 is a perspective view and a partial enlarged view of the operating state of Example 8.
  • FIG. 36 is a perspective view and a partial enlarged view of the side transport vehicle of Embodiment 8 from the front and lower perspective;
  • Fig. 37 is a perspective view of the car board with a roof of the eighth embodiment from the upper front perspective;
  • Fig. 39 is a schematic left view of Fig. 38;
  • Fig. 41 is a perspective view of a section including an exchange station according to the tenth embodiment.
  • Car carrier plate-1 Casters-101 Longitudinal guide beam-102 Side guide beam-103 Buffer top block-104
  • Car carrier middle rail-105 Car carrier roof-106 Car carrier roof pillar-107 Car carrier roof hook-108
  • connection and “connection” mentioned in this application include direct and indirect connection (connection) unless otherwise specified. (It can also be omitted according to the situation)
  • this embodiment is provided with a vehicle storage layer overhead with a steel frame and a vehicle access layer arranged on the ground.
  • a central access channel and two storage channels on both sides are arranged, and a plurality of car carrier plates 1 are arranged in the storage channel.
  • the car carrier track 5 in the storage channel is arranged with a plurality of longitudinal friction wheels 6 in the car carrier driving and braking system arranged along the outer side of the car carrier rail 5. These longitudinal friction wheels 6 can drive the car carrier 1 Move along the car board track 5.
  • This longitudinally moving friction wheel 6 can be driven under a control command by a conventional transmission mechanism arranged in the outer space of the car carrier track 1, such as a transmission chain system driven by a decelerating motor.
  • casters 101 are installed under the four corners of the car-carrying board 1 in this embodiment, and a buffer top block 104 is installed in the middle of the side beam.
  • a longitudinal guide beam 102 and a side guide beam 103 are provided at the lower part of the side beam of the car board.
  • the car carrying plate 1b on the car carrying plate track 5 in the access channel can be longitudinally displaced along the car carrying plate track 5 by the longitudinally moving friction wheel 6; the adjacent ones on the car carrying plate track 5
  • the car board 1 can rely on the buffer top block 104 to squeeze against each other, and the moved car board 1b therein can push the adjacent car board 1 to move.
  • a side truck 2-2 and 2-3 are respectively arranged, and a side truck 2-1 is also arranged in the fetch channel.
  • the four walking wheels 11 of the lateral truck 2 that can move longitudinally along the track 7 are mounted on the side ends of the underframe 12.
  • the underframe 12 is equipped with a lifting mechanism that can be used in
  • the lifting frame 9 that is raised and dropped within a few centimeters is equipped with a lateral transfer mechanism.
  • the lateral transfer mechanism is the two rows of side-shift friction wheels 8 shown in the figure. These side-shift friction wheels The wheels 8 are synchronously driven by a driving mechanism in the vehicle body.
  • the two lateral avoidance devices are the same as the lateral avoidance vehicle 2 and are also equipped with a lifting frame 9, and the lifting frame 9 is also equipped with a side-shifting friction wheel 8.
  • the exchange table 4 is arranged in the lifting shaft between the four upright guide rails at the front end of the access channel.
  • the structure of the exchange table 4 is shown in Fig. 5, and the four corners of the bottom frame 13 are lifted by lifting rope chains in the column guide rails.
  • the left and right sides of the underframe 13 are equipped with two sections of car-carrying board rails 5, and on the outer side of the car-carrying board rails 5, are equipped with longitudinally moving friction wheels 6 for driving the car-carrying boards.
  • a lifting frame 9 and a side-shifting friction wheel 8 are installed between the car board rails 5, a lifting frame 9 and a side-shifting friction wheel 8 are installed.
  • the exchange table can move up and down between the vehicle storage floor and the vehicle access floor.
  • the side truck 2-2 in the storage channel enters the low space under the car board 1a carrying the vehicle 14a to be picked up and stops, then the side truck 2-2
  • the lifting frame 9 lifts the car carrier plate 1a upwards, so that the car carrier plate 1a leaves the track, and then through each side shift friction wheel 8 on the hoisting frame 9 to synchronously rub the two side shifts at the bottom of the car carrier plate 1a to the right
  • the guide beam 103 moves the car board 1a to the right.
  • the lifting frame 9 of the lateral transport vehicle 2-1 at the alignment position of the channel is raised in advance, and the lateral friction wheel 8 is supported and rubbed against the lateral guide of the bottom of the vehicle carrier plate 1a moving to the left.
  • the beam 103 makes the car carrier plate 1a gradually move into the take-out channel, and then lower the lifting frame 9 to lower the car carrier plate 1a onto the car-carrying plate track 5 in the take-out channel. Since the length of the lateral transport vehicle is much shorter than that of the vehicle carrier plate, in order to prevent the vehicle carrier plate from tilting and instability during the lateral overhanging movement, a transition wheel 10 is provided between the tracks of adjacent channels to support the overhang during the lateral movement. Car carrier board.
  • the vehicle carrier plate 1a carrying the vehicle 14a to be picked up is driven by the longitudinally moving friction wheel 6 to translate in the direction of the exchange table 4 along the pickup channel.
  • a plurality of car-carrying boards to be picked up can be queued up in front of the exchange 4 in order.
  • the waiting vehicle 14c can drive forward from the entrance lane 15 into the car carrier board 1c on the exchange platform 4.
  • the exchange table 4 rises to the level of the vehicle storage layer, and the car carrier plate 1c carrying the vehicle 14c to be stored is driven by the side-shift friction wheel 8 of the exchange table 4 which is in the lifting state with the lifting frame 9 to move toward
  • the vacant avoidance area in the left storage channel moves, and is supported and driven by the lateral friction wheel 8 on the lifting frame 9 of the lateral conveying device 3-1 in the avoidance area. Move into the avoidance area, and then follow the falling action of the lifting frame 9 in the avoidance area to fall onto the car board track 5 in the storage channel. In this way, the storage operation of a vehicle is completed.
  • the exchange station 4 can complete a storage operation and a retrieval operation by performing a time-consuming and almost constant rapid lifting action. Compared with the prior art, it has a higher access efficiency. In the application mode of this embodiment, it is estimated according to the normal operating speed of the same type of lifting and traversing mechanism, including the time for the driver to get on and off the vehicle at normal speed, the time consuming operation of each vehicle can be stored and taken out. Control within 30 to 40 seconds.
  • the exchange station in this embodiment can be arranged in the middle of the access channel, so that the same exchange station can receive or send out the car board at the front and rear ends.
  • each side conveying device is also arranged in the middle of the storage channel, so that the car board in the avoiding area can be moved into the front and rear storage channels.
  • no less than two lateral transport vehicles should be installed in each storage channel and each retrieval channel. The situation in other embodiments is similar.
  • this embodiment adds one storage channel to the outside of the left and right storage channels.
  • the two new storage channels are also equipped with side trucks 2-4 and 2-5.
  • an avoidance area is also arranged, and side handling devices 3-3 and 3-4 are also arranged in the avoidance area.
  • the lateral conveying devices 3-1, 3-2, 3-3, and 3-4 in the four avoidance areas are arranged in alignment.
  • the lateral transport vehicle 2-4 in the storage aisle can be moved into the vehicle 14a to be picked up.
  • Under the plate 1a perform the lifting and lateral transfer actions, and then relay the transfer by the side truck 2-2 forward on the left, and finally transfer it to the side truck 2-1 in the picking channel, and then place it on the picking channel.
  • On the car-carrying board rail 5 of the channel it moves to the direction of the exchange table 4 through the longitudinal friction wheel 6.
  • the first method Move the lateral truck 2-2 in the inner storage channel to the underside of the carrier plate to be avoided, and use the lifting frame 9 to support the carrier plate and move toward the avoidance area or the direction with a neutral position. Move to form a channel.
  • This method requires that the lateral truck has sufficient driving force and braking force. This method is not suitable if there are too many cart plates to be pushed, the total resistance is too large, and the side carrier relies on the insufficient driving force of the running wheel friction generated by its own weight.
  • a longitudinal separation device is provided on the lifting frame 9 of the lateral carrier 2 in the inner storage channel.
  • This device includes a thrust member 211 that can be raised and lowered and reciprocating longitudinally and a positioning member 212 that can be raised and lowered.
  • the thrust member 211 on the lifting frame 9 in the falling state is in the initial position overlapping with the positioning member 212.
  • the carrier board 1a needs to be avoided and the side carrier board is not empty because there is no space in the queue.
  • the lifting frame 9 is raised again, so that the positioning member 212 and the thrust member 211 enter the gap of the car board.
  • the thrust member 211 is moved longitudinally, and the vehicle carrier plate 1a to be avoided is pushed to move longitudinally in the direction where there is a space, thereby forming a sufficiently wide avoidance channel.
  • a series of controllable longitudinal movement drive devices are arranged along the inner storage channel, such as an array of longitudinal movement friction wheels 6 to move each carrier board that needs to be shifted and avoided with a common force. But this will obviously increase the complexity and cost of the organization.
  • the fourth method move both the to-be-taken carrier board and the to-be-evacuated carrier board into the take-out channel through the side-shifting truck, and move to the exchange station 4 in turn.
  • On the exchange station 4 first let the car board to be avoided transfer laterally, return to the storage channel, and finally let the car board to be taken enter the exchange station 4 and drop out of the warehouse. Obviously, this will consume additional working time of the switchboard 4 and reduce the efficiency.
  • Example 7 refer to the method of Example 7 to add a lateral conveying device.
  • the sixth method Arrange two or more side trucks in the access channel. During operation, first pick up the car board that needs to be avoided through the side-shifting truck in the access channel that is far from the exchange platform, and then take the board to be taken out by the side carrier closer to the exchange platform and move it towards Exchange the platform, and then put the avoidable car carrier back to the original place.
  • an elevator bridge 19 is set.
  • the lifting bridge 19 is also equipped with side-shifting friction wheels 8.
  • the left and right sides of the pit 17 are provided with a left parking bay 18-2 and a right parking bay 18-1.
  • a side-shift friction wheel 8 is provided on the parking platform.
  • a car board 1f is pre-placed.
  • the exchange platform 4 can be lowered to a position where it is docked with the level of the parking platform, and the carriage plate 1e carrying the vehicle 14e to be picked up following the descending of the exchange platform 4 can be driven by the side-shift friction wheel 8.
  • the vehicle 14e to be picked up can drive out of the warehouse along the exit lane 16 to complete the pickup operation.
  • the car carrier board 1d on the right parking platform 18-1 carrying the vehicle 14d to be stored can be moved into the exchange platform 4 under the drive of the side-shifting friction wheel 8, and will rise to the vehicle storage layer along with the exchange platform 4.
  • the lift bridge 19 When the exchange platform 4 starts to rise, the lift bridge 19 will also rise and dock with the parking platform. Then, the car board 1f on the lift bridge 19 can be moved into the vacant right parking platform 18-1, so that the subsequent waiting vehicle 14f in the lane 15 can drive onto the car board 1f.
  • the vehicle board 14e that has been vacant Before the next descending step of the interchange 4, after the vehicle 14e to be picked up on the left parking platform 18-2 drives away from the vehicle board 1e to be picked up and enters the exit lane 16, the vehicle board 14e that has been vacant can immediately enter to the right Lift bridge 19 makes left parking platform 18-2 vacant, and waits for receiving exchange platform 4 to pass into the next car board.
  • the carriage board 1d carrying the vehicle 14d to be stored can be relayed by the exchange platform 4 and the lateral transport devices 3-1, 3-4 in the avoidance area.
  • the vacant avoidance area allocated by the system is then transferred to the corresponding storage channel for storage to complete this storage operation.
  • the above access process overlaps and superimposes the auxiliary time of the driver getting on and off the vehicle with the time occupied by the lifting operation process of the exchange platform 4, and various lateral handling processes of the specific car board in the vehicle storage layer are also carried out.
  • Coincidence and superposition while ensuring reasonable assistance time for the driver, reduces the idle time in the operation of the mechanism.
  • the vehicle access speed is significantly improved, and the user experience is improved.
  • this embodiment is based on the second embodiment, and the guiding parts of the storage channel and the take-out channel for supporting and guiding the car board are arranged in rows and rows of longitudinally moving friction wheels. 6B form.
  • longitudinal friction wheels 6B At least a part is driven by a driving system, and the other part may be an unpowered pulley function that only plays a supporting role.
  • the side-shifting truck 2B still moves on the rail 7 through the traveling wheels 11.
  • the bottom of the car board 1B in this embodiment is not provided with casters, only the longitudinal guide beam 102 and the side guide beam 103, and the buffer top block 104 in the middle of the side beam are retained.
  • the longitudinal guide beam 102 of the car board 1B runs on the double-row longitudinal friction wheels 6B.
  • the exchange table 4B is also provided with a double-row longitudinally moving friction wheel 6B at the corresponding position, and can be aligned and connected with the double-row longitudinally moving friction wheel 6B in the taking channel to transfer the car board 1B.
  • the side-shifting truck 2B, the side-shifting device 3B, the lift bridge 19B, and the two parking platforms still retain the side-shifting friction wheels 8.
  • this embodiment adopts the storage channel and the retrieval channel arranged in parallel with the longitudinal direction of the car board.
  • the car board is shown in Figure 15.
  • a shorter car board body is adopted.
  • the middle of the car board is provided with buffer top blocks 104 at both ends.
  • Casters 101 are installed under the two ends of the side beams of the vehicle board, longitudinal guide beams 102 are provided at the bottom of the side beams of the vehicle board, and side guide beams 103 are provided at the bottom of the end beams of the vehicle board. Referring to FIG.
  • longitudinally moving friction wheels 6 are arranged on the inner side of the car-carrying board rail 5 in the storage channel and the taking-out channel, and the longitudinally moving guide beams 102 of the car-carrying board are driven by the longitudinal friction wheels 6 to run.
  • an exchange station 4B in the lifting shaft at the front end of the passage, there is an exchange station 4B.
  • Car board rails are provided on both sides of the exchange platform 4B.
  • the exchange table 4B is provided with a lifting frame 9B that can rotate 180 degrees, and the lifting frame 9B is equipped with a side-shifting friction wheel 8.
  • a lifting bridge 19 is provided in the pit of the lifting shaft of the exchange platform, and the lifting bridge 19 is provided with a side-shifting friction wheel 8.
  • the left and right sides of the pit of the lifting shaft of the exchange platform are the left parking platform 18-2 and the right parking platform 18-1.
  • the side conveying devices 3-6, 3-7 installed in the two parking platforms are also equipped with a lifting frame 9 and a side-shifting friction wheel 8.
  • side conveying devices 3-1, 3-2 are provided in the front-end avoidance area of the two storage channels.
  • a lifting frame 9 and a side-shifting friction wheel 8 are provided on the side conveying device.
  • a fixed horizontal pushing device 20 is longitudinally arranged in the middle of the avoidance area, and the extendable and retractable pushing block 201 of the device reciprocates in the longitudinal chute 202.
  • the car carrier 1a carrying the vehicle 14a to be picked up in the car carrier queue in the storage channel is moved into the retrieval channel by two side-shifting trucks 2-1, 2-2, and then moves in the direction of the exchange station 4B .
  • the empty vehicle board 1c on the exchange platform 4B moves to the left parking platform 18-2 and is transported sideways.
  • the lateral friction wheel 8 of the lifting frame 9 in the lifting state of the device 3-7 supports and receives; at the same time, the lifting device 3-6 on the right parking platform 18-1 is in the lifting state.
  • the side-shifting friction wheel 8 of the lifting frame 9 supports the car carrier plate 1b carrying the first waiting vehicle 14b into the exchange station 4B, and rises with the exchange station 4B. Subsequently, the lift bridge 19 carrying the vehicle board 1d also rises.
  • the car loading plate 1d on the lift bridge 19 moves to the right into the vacant right parking platform 18-1 and then sinks to connect to the vehicle access channel, allowing the second waiting vehicle 14d to enter .
  • the empty car board 1c on the left parking platform 18-2 moves into the lift bridge 19 that has been vacant, and sinks into the pit along with the lift bridge 19.
  • the carriage board 1b on the exchange platform 4B carrying the vehicle 14b to be stored enters the empty avoidance area on the right side by means of the lateral transport device, and is moved from the avoidance area
  • the protruding pushing block 201 of the inner horizontal pushing device 20 is pushed into the right storage channel by pushing its buffered pushing block 104.
  • the fixed horizontal pushing device 20 can use a hydraulic push rod to generate enough thrust to push the entire row of car-carrying plates in the storage channel.
  • the parking platform in this implementation can adopt a through access method with one end entering the vehicle and the other end leaving the vehicle, so that the vehicle can be accessed without reversing. Do not interfere. After the vehicle to be picked up goes straight away from the car board, the waiting vehicle that follows can drive into the car board to store the car.
  • both parking bays can store and retrieve cars at the same time, which is equivalent to having two outbound channels and two inbound channels at the same time, with high operating efficiency and good user experience.
  • the switchboard 4 does not need a turning function.
  • the front ends of the two storage channels that are located on the left and right sides of the access channel are equipped with a lifting shaft, and there is an exchange platform equipped with a lateral transport device in the shaft. 4-1, 4-2.
  • the bottom of the two lifting shafts directly serve as two parking platforms 18-1, 18-2.
  • the two exchange stations 4-1, 4-2 can move up and down between the parking stations 18-1, 18-2 and the two storage channels.
  • a transfer area is provided in the access channel between the two lifting shafts, and a lateral transport device 3-8 is provided in the transfer area.
  • FIG. 20 A typical pick-up process is shown in Figure 20 and Figure 18.
  • the carrier board 1a carrying the vehicle 14a to be retrieved is removed from the carrier board queue in the left storage channel and enters the vehicle retrieval channel.
  • the front car carrier plate 1k shifts backward to make room in the front of the left storage channel.
  • the car board 1a carrying the vehicle to be picked up 14a that enters the retrieval channel moves to the unloading area, following the previous vehicle board 1b with the vehicle to be picked up 14b, and waiting to enter the unloading area.
  • the empty car board 1m carried by the car board track 5 on the left exchange table 4-1 is driven by the longitudinal friction wheel 6 Go along the track 5 into the empty space of the left storage channel; then, the car board 1a to be picked up that has entered the dump area is transferred to the left exchange station 4-1 that has been vacant by the side carrier 3-8, and then with the exchange station 4-1 descends into the sinkhole of the left parking platform 18-1 together, so that the car board 1a is aligned with the vehicle access channels of the left parking platform 18-1, and then the vehicles are allowed to move forward and out of the warehouse to complete the car pickup process.
  • the right exchange station 4-2 also uses the same procedure to connect the car board 1b carrying the previous vehicle 14b to the empty car board 1n lifted by the right exchange station 4-2. After changing positions, transport to the right parking platform 18-2 out of the warehouse.
  • the parking platform in this embodiment can adopt a through access method with one end entering the vehicle and the other end leaving the vehicle, so that the vehicle enters and exits straight, without reversing, so that the turning and U-turn function is not needed.
  • both parking bays can store and retrieve cars at the same time, which is equivalent to having two outbound channels and two inbound channels at the same time.
  • the car board 1 in this embodiment adopts a shorter car board body.
  • one side beam of the car board is made as a long side beam 106 that exceeds the length of the preset model, and the two ends of the long side beam 106 are provided with curved buffers. ⁇ 104 ⁇ Top block 104.
  • the other side beam does not need to be lengthened.
  • One long and one short side beam not only saves costs, but also avoids extra rubbing due to movement deviation when the car board moves out of the car board queue laterally.
  • this embodiment adopts the dual switching platform and dual parking platform mode, when one switching platform performs the lifting operation, the other switching platform can perform the lowering operation, so compared with the single parking platform mode, the access speed can be roughly doubled , Improve the user experience.
  • each embodiment of the present invention can adopt a multi-layered vehicle storage layer application method that shares the hoistway and the exchange platform 4 as shown in FIG. 21.
  • this embodiment also uses two exchange platforms 4 separately placed in the left and right lifting shafts.
  • the bottom of the left hoistway is the left parking platform 18-1
  • the bottom of the right hoistway is the right parking platform 18-2.
  • the left end of the left parking platform 4-1 is connected to the exit lane 16
  • the right end of the right parking platform 4-2 is connected to the entry lane 15.
  • the first storage channel on the left and the second parking channel on the left are arranged on the left side of the access channel.
  • the first storage channel on the right and the second storage channel on the right are arranged.
  • the left hoistway is arranged at the front end of the first storage channel on the left
  • the right elevator hoistway is arranged at the front end of the first storage channel on the right.
  • a lateral transport trolley 2 is arranged in each of the taking channel and each storage channel, and the vehicle board to be taken is transferred from each storage channel to the taking channel in a manner similar to FIG. 10.
  • a transfer area is set, and a lateral transport device 3-6 is set in the transfer area.
  • An avoidance area is set at the front end of the second storage channel on the left and right, and side conveying devices 3-4 and 3-3 are set in the avoidance area.
  • a lifting frame 9 and a side-shifting friction wheel 8 are provided on the base frame 13 of the exchange table 4.
  • the car-carrying board on the exchange platform can be moved longitudinally into the first parking channel or sideways into the avoidance area in the second storage channel.
  • the car board in the transfer area can enter the exchange.
  • the car-carrying board on the exchange platform can form a continuous traffic passage with the entry lane, the exit lane, and the connecting platform 21 between the left and right parking platforms.
  • the left parking bay 4-1 can be used as a dedicated parking bay for picking up the car
  • the right parking bay 4-2 can be used as a dedicated parking bay for storing cars, so that the incoming and outgoing vehicles do not interfere with each other.
  • the lane connection function of the adapter can be used to allow the two parking stations to be temporarily used as a car fetching station or a parking station through intelligent parking space scheduling, signal lights and automatic fence control and other means.
  • the directions in the figures are represented by the directions above, north and south, and left, west, and right east.
  • This is a schematic diagram of an implementation scheme with multiple storage channels arranged in the east-west direction.
  • the switchboard 4 is represented by a black square in the figure.
  • the exchange station 4 is arranged in the middle of the access channel, and the east and west temporary storage areas are respectively arranged on the east and west sides of the exchange station 4.
  • the temporary storage area is represented by a diamond grid area in the figure; in each storage channel that is aligned with the east temporary storage area to the north and south, the east avoidance area is set, and the location aligned with the north and south of the west temporary storage area is set to the west. Avoidance zone.
  • the avoidance zone is indicated by the diagonal zone in the figure.
  • a lifting mechanism and a lateral transfer mechanism for lifting and laterally transferring the vehicle board are set up, such as the lifting frame and the lateral friction in the foregoing embodiment Wheel array.
  • a longitudinal drive system for driving the vehicle carrier board to move along the channel is arranged, such as the longitudinal friction wheel array in the foregoing embodiment.
  • a lateral transport trolley 2 running along the channel is arranged, and the lateral transport trolley 2 is represented by a dashed rectangular box in the figure.
  • the first step is shown in Figure 24. Move the 4 side transport trolleys to the bottom channel of the carrier board 1a and the other two that block its southern side shifting channel that need to avoid the bottom of the carrier boards 1b, 1c. Then jack up the three car-carrying boards and move it to the south by one channel width, so that the first car-carrying board 1c that needs to avoid entering the access channel.
  • the second step is shown in Figure 25, take the first avoiding car board 1c in the passage to the west and enter the east temporary storage area, and the car carrying board 1d in the east avoiding area of the third storage passage and the adjacent car board on the east side Move 1e eastward for a distance of the car-carrying board length to vacate the east concession area of this passage.
  • the third step is shown in Figure 26.
  • the first car board 1c in the east temporary storage area to be avoided and the two car boards 1f and 1g in the three east avoidance areas to the north of it are moved northward by a channel width distance to vacate the east temporary storage area. .
  • the fourth step is shown in Figure 27.
  • the second car-carrying board 1b to be avoided enters the east temporary storage area, and the car-carrying board 1f and the adjacent car-carrying board 1h on the east side of the second storage channel in the east-avoiding area move east by one car-carrying board length distance, Empty the east concession area of this passage.
  • the exchange table 4 with 1m of car board to be stored moves vertically along the hoistway to this floor.
  • the fifth step is shown in Figure 28, the second car board 1b that needs to avoid entering the east temporary storage area and the car board 1c in the east avoiding area adjacent to the north are moved by the side shifting device to the north by a channel width distance. Leave the east temporary storage area free for the waiting car board 1a to enter. At the same time, the exchange table 4 with 1m of car boards to be stored is leveled with this floor.
  • the sixth step is shown in FIG. 29, the car board 1m to be stored on the exchange platform 4 after leveling moves westward into the west temporary storage area, and the car board 1a to be taken in the east temporary storage area moves into the exchange station 4.
  • the car board 1k in the adjacent west avoidance area on the north side of the west temporary storage area and the three car boards 1j, 1b, 1i on the east side of the car board 1k move east by one car board length to vacate the west avoidance area of this passage .
  • the exchange station 4 is activated, and the car board 1a to be taken is transported to the parking platform and out of the garage, and the car board 1b in the west temporary storage area is moved northward into the adjacent west avoidance area.
  • each storage channel can be completely used to store the car board, which achieves the effect of maximizing the use of the vehicle storage layer space. It is obvious that the increase in storage channels will reduce the efficiency of car retrieval. Therefore, in order to balance efficiency and space utilization, in practical applications, it is more appropriate to install no more than two storage channels on both sides of a fetching channel.
  • the carriages on the parking platforms on the east and west sides of the elevator shaft of the exchange platform 4 can be set
  • the slab track 5 is designed in a curved manner as shown in FIG. 31, so that the entrance end of the vehicle 14 entering the car board of the parking platform and the direction of the carriageway form a reasonable angle.
  • Embodiment 8 is shown in Figs. 35 to 37. Referring to Figures 35 and 36, this embodiment is based on the basic structure of embodiment 4 as shown in Figure 14, introducing a new type of shared side transport vehicle 2B, the shared type of side transport vehicle 2B overhead two Above each storage channel and one take-out channel, its walking wheels 11B run on a track 7B that is set overhead on the outside of the storage channel.
  • the car board 1C has a ceiling 106 added.
  • the car board ceiling 106 is fixedly connected to the front and rear ends of the side rails of the car board with four suspension columns 107.
  • Four hooks 108 are provided on the top of the car board ceiling 106 near the four corners.
  • the main structure of this lateral transport vehicle 2B includes a hollow underframe 12B and four traveling wheels 11B below the four corners of the underframe.
  • a traverse vehicle 22 as shown in Figure 36 is arranged between the front and rear beams of the underframe.
  • the traverse vehicle 22 runs along the rails 224 arranged on the inner side of the front and rear beams of the underframe 12B with four traveling wheels 222 arranged at the four corners of the frame 221.
  • Four lifting hooks 223 that can be raised and lowered synchronously are installed at the bottom of the traverse car 22 near the four corners.
  • the transversal vehicle 22 when the lateral transport vehicle 2B stops above any one of the carriage plates, the transversal vehicle 22 can be moved laterally to the alignment position above the carriage plate, so that the four lifting hooks 223 of the transversal vehicle can be hooked.
  • the four hooks 108 on the roof of the car carrier board rise several centimeters to suspend the car carrier board 1C from the track; then move the car carrier board 1C from the storage channel side to the car carrier board track of the access channel by moving the traverse car 22 5 on.
  • This embodiment is more suitable for outdoor applications where there is only one overhead vehicle storage layer.
  • each car board since each car board has an independent carport, there is no need to erect a large roof for the entire vehicle storage layer.
  • the car board in some other embodiments of the present invention can also be provided with an independent ceiling for the car board according to this embodiment, which has the function of shading and sun protection.
  • this embodiment has multiple vehicle storage layers on the ground and underground.
  • two upper and lower exchange platforms 4-1 and 4-2 are set up.
  • the upper exchange 4-1 is responsible for the access operations of the vehicle storage floors above the ground
  • the lower exchange station 4-2 is responsible for the access operations of the vehicle storage floors below the ground.
  • the upper and lower exchange stations 4-1, 4-2 can temporarily serve as the "lift bridge" function similar to the previous embodiment.
  • a lateral conveying device 3 with a lifting frame 9 and a lateral friction wheel 8 is set.
  • a lateral transport device 3-1 in the vehicle storage layer that is level with the ground carriageway is adjacent to the elevating parking platform 24 extending to the ground carriageway 23 side by side.
  • the elevating parking platform 24 can be lowered to a position flush with the ground to pick up and drop vehicles in and out of the car board 1.
  • the lifting parking platform 24 is provided with two rows of side-shifting friction wheels 8 matched with the side conveying device 3.
  • a ramp 109 is provided at the front and rear ends of each car board 1.
  • the lateral transport devices 3-1, 3-2 in the two avoidance areas in the vehicle storage layer of the ground carriageway leveling layer are used, the upper and lower two The platforms can be used as the “lift bridge” of the exchange platforms 4-1, 4-2, and the lift-type parking platform 24 to cooperate with each other.
  • the empty car boards to be returned to the garage on the parking platform 24 or the car boards to be stored 1c that have just received vehicles can be freely exchanged positions, and high-efficiency vehicle access operations can be performed without hindering each other.
  • a multi-storey storehouse similar to the above can be arranged on both sides of the carriageway, and the lifting parking platform can be shared to improve the space utilization rate.
  • the space above and below the carriageway can also be used to set more storage channels to increase storage capacity.
  • this embodiment adopts a method similar to that described in Embodiment 7, setting a dump area at the connecting and taking passage of the elevator hoistway, and setting avoidance areas in the storage passages on both sides of the dump area.
  • lateral conveying devices 3 are installed in both the dumping area and the avoiding area.
  • the exchange table adopts the structure shown in Fig. 40, and only retains the car-carrying board rail 5 and the longitudinally moving friction wheel 6, and does not have a lateral conveying device.
  • a space is left between the frame and the center beam of the underframe 13 of the exchange platform.
  • ground transfer platform 25a, 25b, 25c with side-shifting friction wheels 8 are arranged side by side from the inside to the outside.
  • the ground transfer platform 25b in the middle is at the bottom of the lifting shaft of the exchange platform.
  • the ground transfer platform 25c located on the outer side is a part of the traffic lane and can allow vehicles to pass by.
  • the front and rear ends of the car board 1 in this embodiment are also provided with ramp plates 109 to facilitate vehicle entry and exit.
  • the car-carrying plates can be independently and efficiently exchanged positions without hindering each other to perform vehicle access operations.
  • a multi-layer storage body similar to the above can be arranged on both sides of the carriageway, and the lifting parking platform can be shared to improve the space utilization rate.
  • the space above and below the carriageway can also be used to set more storage channels to increase storage capacity.
  • the "carriage plate driving and braking system" used to drive the vehicle plate to move longitudinally along the access channel to the direction of the exchange table can be achieved by using the longitudinally moving friction wheel 8 in the above embodiments.
  • the car carrier plate 1 driving the wheel moves along the car carrier rail 5 in the access channel, or the car carrier rail 5 can be installed at a gradient of >1 ⁇ and ⁇ 5 ⁇ , and the slope is in the direction of the exchange platform 4. In this way, the car board 1 will automatically slide to the direction of the exchange station on this sloped track.
  • the longitudinal friction wheels 6B arranged in rows in Embodiment 3 can also be arranged in the form of the above-mentioned gradient.
  • speed limit measures should be taken.
  • multiple speed-limiting friction wheels with damping properties can be arranged along the passage to rub the longitudinal guide beam 102 of the moving car board; or, wheels with damping and speed-limiting functions can be used as the casters of the car board.
  • the track in the storage channel can be arranged as horizontally as possible, and no slope is required.
  • the storage channel can also be set to the same slope as the access channel.
  • a damping wheel with one-way rotating damping function can be set along the channel to rub the longitudinal guide beam 102 of the car board, which can prevent backward slipping and avoid additional car board climbing. Resistance when moving.
  • Coupled refers to physical connection, electrical connection, magnetic connection, optical connection, communication connection, functional connection and/or any other connection.

Abstract

一种平面移动式停车设备，包括可被移动的载车板（1），用于存放载车板（1）的存通道和用于提取载车板（1）的取通道。提取载车板（1a）时，侧向搬运车（2‑2、2‑1）可将存通道内的载车板（1a）移至取通道，并由驱动系统将载车板（1a）移至交换台（4），完成提取作业。存入时，载车板（1c）可从交换台（4）移至存通道内的避让区，完成存入作业。因存入和取出过程可在重叠时间段内同时进行，并且侧向搬运车（2‑2、2‑1）无需长距离运送载车板（1），与现有平面移动类停车设备相比，具有高效率存取的优势。

Description

一种平面移动式停车设备 技术领域
本发明属于一种停车设备，尤其涉及一种以移动载车板来运送车辆的平面移动式停车设备。
背景技术
现有技术中的依靠移动载车板的方式存取车辆的典型的单层或者多层平面移动类停车设备，其存车过程，是通过搬运器将载有车辆的载车板从车库入口经过车辆存车层内的水平存取通道转运至存储场地中可以放置载车板的空位上；其取车过程，是通过搬运器经过存取通道从载车板队列中取出载有待取车辆的载车板并移送到出车口。
这类停车设备存在的长期困扰行业的缺陷，是调度载车板的空耗时间令总体运行效率难以提高，不能满足快速存取的要求。
采用梳齿交换或者夹轮式搬运器来代替载车板，虽然避免了传送空载车板的时间消耗，但因一条存取通道在同一段工作时间内只能用于一个载车板的存入或者取出过程，仍然影响了存取效率的提高。
发明内容
针对上述现有技术的缺陷，为了提高存取效率，本发明提出如下解决方案：
本申请提供了一种平面移动式停车设备，包括：
至少一层车辆存放层，在同一层车辆存放层内，布置了纵向排列的至少一条取通道和至少一条存通道；取通道与至少一条存通道相邻；
引导部，所述引导部设置在存通道内和取通道内，用于承托和引导载车板纵向移位；存通道内的引导部上排列了多个可被驱动系统纵向移位的载车板；取通道内的引导部上的载车板可被驱动系统沿引导部纵向移位；在引导部上的相邻的载车板可相互挤靠，并且，其中被移动的载车板可推动相邻的载车板移动；
侧向搬运车，所述侧向搬运车可将存通道内的引导部上的载车板移至取通道内的引导部上；
交换台，所述交换台设置在同一层车辆存放层内，所述交换台可停放载车板；
取通道内的驱动系统可驱动载车板沿引导部向交换台移动；交换台上的载车板可被驱动系统移入存通道内；取通道内的载车板可被驱动系统移入空置的交换台上。
在上述基本特征基础上，所述取通道内的驱动系统包括：载车板驱动和制动系统，所述载车板驱动和制动系统沿着取通道固定设置的可驱动载车板向交换台方向纵向移位。
在上述部分特征的基础上，
所述的引导部支撑所述载车板的两侧；两侧被引导部支撑的载车板的底部下方设有纵向贯通的底通道；每条存通道和每条取通道至少布置了一台侧向搬运车；侧向搬运车可沿取通道和存通道的底部纵向移位；侧向搬运车可在存通道内和取通道内的引导部上的各载车板的底部下方的底通道穿行；
侧向搬运车上设有可做起升和下落动作的起升机构；
当存通道内的侧向搬运车移至一个位于引导部上的载车板的下方后，侧向搬运车的起升机构可升起该载车板，使该载车板脱离存通道内的引导部；
侧向搬运车上还设有侧向传接机构；
当存通道内的侧向搬运车的起升机构升起一个载车板后，侧向搬运车的侧向传接机构可使该载车板向侧方的取通道方向移位；
取通道内的侧向搬运车的处于升起状态的起升机构和侧向传接机构，可承托并接收从侧方相邻的存通道内的侧向搬运车移送过来的载车板，并可由起升机构将其下落到取通道内的引导部上。
在上述部分特征的基础上，
所述交换台内的两侧都设有用于承托和引导载车板的纵向移位的引导部；所述取通道内的引导部可与交换台内的引导部纵向对接连通；
至少一条所述存通道与交换台的侧方相邻；存通道中的与交换台侧向对正的区域设有避让区；避让区内设有可做起升和下落动作的起升机构和侧向传接机构；
当避让区内的起升机构处于下落状态时，由避让区内的引导部承托的载车板可被驱动系统沿引导部移出避让区；
交换台内设有可做起升和下落动作的起升机构和侧向传接机构；交换台内的起升机构可升起引导部上的载车板，使该载车板脱离引导部，再由侧向传接机构将该载车板向侧方相邻的存通道内处于空置状态的避让区移送；
处于空置状态的避让区内的已升起的起升机构和侧向传接机构可承托并接收由交换台移送过来的载车板，并可使该载车板下落到避让区内的引导部上；
当空置的交换台内的起升机构处于下落状态时，取通道内的引导部上的载车板可被驱动系统沿引导部移至交换台内。
在上述部分特征的基础上，
所述至少一条存通道具有与所述交换台纵向对接的存通道；在交换台内的两侧都设有用于承托和引导载车板的纵向的引导部；
与交换台对接的所述存通道内的引导部可与交换台内的引导部纵向对接连通；
所述取通道的侧方与交换台相邻；取通道中的与交换台侧向对正的区域设有转存区；
交换台内还设有可做起升和下落动作的起升机构和侧向传接机构；
当交换台内的起升机构处于下落状态时，由交换台内的引导部承托的载车板可被驱动系统沿引导部移至存通道内；转存区内设有可做起升和下落动作的起升机构和侧向传接机构；转存区内的起升机构可升起引导部上的载车板，使该载车板脱离引导部，再由侧向传接机构将该载车板向处于空置状态的交换台移送；
空置的交换台内的已升起的起升机构和侧向传接机构可承托并接收由转存区移送过来的载车板，并由起升机构将该载车板下落到交换台内的引导部上。
在上述部分特征的基础上，
在所述交换台的侧方纵向布置了至少一条所述存通道，并且，其中至少一条存通道与交换台相邻；
交换台侧方的存通道内的与交换台侧向对正的区域设有避让区；避让区内设有可做起升和下落动作的起升机构和侧向传接机构；
当避让区内的起升机构处于下落状态时，由避让区内的引导部承托的载车板可被驱动系统沿引导部移出避让区；交换台内的起升机构可升 起引导部上的载车板，使该载车板脱离引导部，再由侧向传接机构将该载车板向侧方相邻的存通道内处于空置状态的避让区移送；
处于空置状态的避让区内的已升起的起升机构和侧向传接机构可承托并接收由侧方移送过来的载车板，并可使该载车板下落到避让区内的引导部上。
在上述部分特征的基础上，还包括：
第一存通道，所述第一存通道与所述取通道侧方并排相邻；
第二存通道，所述第二存通道与第一存通道侧方并排相邻；
所述交换台与第一存通道的端部纵向相邻；交换台的两侧分别与取通道和第二存通道相邻；
在第二存通道中与交换台侧向对正的区域内设有避让区；在取通道中与交换台侧向对正的区域内设有转存区；在避让区和转存区内，设有起升机构和侧向传接机构；
当避让区内的起升机构处于下落状态时，由避让区内的引导部承托的载车板可被驱动系统沿引导部移出避让区；
在交换台内还设置有侧向传接机构；交换台内的载车板可由侧向传接机构向避让区移送；避让区内的已升起的起升机构和侧向传接机构可承托并接收由交换台移送过来的载车板，再使该载车板下落到避让区内的引导部；转存区内的起升机构可升起并承托载车板，使该载车板脱离引导部，再由侧向传接机构将该载车板向交换台移送；交换台的侧向传接机构可接收由转存区移送过来的载车板。
在上述部分特征的基础上，
所述交换台包括：纵向相对的前端口和后端口；所述取通道分为前段取通道和后段取通道；交换台的前端口与前段取通道的后端口纵向对接连通，交换台的后端口与后段取通道的前端口纵向对接连通；
交换台内的两侧设有用于承托和引导载车板的纵向的引导部；交换台内的引导部可与前段取通道和后段取通道内的引导部纵向对接连通；
在前段取通道的后端区域和后段取通道的前端区域都设置了暂存区；在暂存区设有起升机构和侧向传接机构；
在存通道中与暂存区侧向对正的区域设置了避让区，在避让区中设置了起升机构和侧向传接机构；
当避让区内的起升机构处于下落状态时，由避让区内的引导部承托 的载车板可被驱动系统沿引导部移出避让区；暂存区内的起升机构可升起引导部上的载车板，使该载车板脱离引导部，再由侧向传接机构将该载车板向相邻的处于空置状态的避让区移送；处于空置状态的避让区内的已升起的起升机构和侧向传接机构可承托并接收由侧方移送过来的载车板，并可使该载车板下落到避让区内的引导部；
当空置的暂存区内的起升机构处于下落状态时，载车板可被驱动系统沿取通道内的引导部移至暂存区；
当空置的暂存区内的起升机构处于下落状态时，交换台内的引导部上的载车板可被驱动系统移至这个空置的暂存区内的引导部上；
当暂存区内的起升机构处于下落状态时，该暂存区内的引导部上的载车板可被驱动系统移至空置的交换区内的引导部上。
在上述部分特征的基础上，
所述的侧向搬运车横跨所述存通道和取通道的存车空间的上方，并可沿纵向轨道移动；
侧向搬运车包括：可在取通道与相邻的存通道之间往复横移的提升和转移机构；
当侧向搬运车的提升和转移机构移至存通道内的一个载车板上方对正位置后，该提升和转移机构可将该载车板及其所载车辆提升到脱离引导部的高度，再横移并向下放置到取通道的引导部上。
在上述部分特征的基础上，
所述载车板设有载车板顶棚；
载车板顶棚的侧部通过支柱与载车板的侧梁相连；
载车板顶棚的上部设有挂钩；
所述侧向搬运车的提升和转移机构可勾住载车板顶棚上部的挂钩，并将载车板整体提升到脱离引导部的高度，再横移并向下放置到取通道的引导部上。
在上述部分特征的基础上，
所述的载车板设有顶棚；载车板顶棚的侧部通过支柱与载车板的侧梁相连。
在上述部分特征的基础上，所述载车板驱动和制动系统，包括取通道内的具有﹥1‰并﹤5‰的坡度，且坡向所述交换台的引导部；还包括设有限制载车板沿具有坡度的引导部溜行的速度的限速装置和设置在邻 近交换台处的限位制动装置。
在上述部分特征的基础上，
还包括：车辆出入层；
所述交换台设置在包含导轨的升降井道内；升降井道连通所述车辆存放层和车辆出入层；交换台可在车辆存放层与车辆出入层之间升降运行。
在上述部分特征的基础上，
所述交换台设有侧向传接机构；
车辆出入层包括设有侧向传接机构的左停车台和右停车台；
当交换台与车辆出入层平层时，交换台的左侧对接左停车台，交换台的右侧对接右停车台；交换台内的载车板可被侧向传接机构移入左停车台或右停车台；同时，右停车台或左停车台内的载车板可被侧向传接机构移入交换台。
在上述部分特征的基础上，
所述车辆出入层位于所述车辆存放层的下方；
所述升降井道底部设有可承载载车板的升降桥，升降桥上设有侧向传接机构；
当所述交换台与所述左停车台和所述右停车台平层对接时，降至低位的可载有空置的载车板的升降桥位于交换台的下方空间中；
当交换台上升后，升降桥可升至与左停车台和右停车台平层对接的位置；
当升降桥与左停车台和右停车台平层对接后，升降桥内的载车板被侧向传接机构移入左停车台或右停车台，右停车台或左停车台内的空载的载车板可被侧向传接机构移入升降桥内，并可随升降桥降至低位。
在上述部分特征的基础上，
所述车辆出入层位于所述车辆存放层的上方；
所述升降井道顶部设有可承载载车板的升降桥，升降桥上设有侧向传接机构；
当载有载车板和车辆的所述交换台与所述左停车台和所述右停车台平层对接时，已升至高位的升降桥位于交换台的载车板及其所载车辆的上方空间中；
当交换台下降后，升降桥可降至与左停车台和右停车台平层对接的 位置；
当升降桥与左停车台和右停车台平层对接后，升降桥内的载车板被侧向传接机构移入左停车台或右停车台，右停车台或左停车台内的载车板可被侧向传接机构移入升降桥内，并可随升降桥升至高位。
在上述部分特征的基础上，
所述交换台包括：纵向相对的前端口和后端口；
所述交换台内的两侧，设有用于承托和引导载车板的纵向的引导部；
所述车辆出入层包括：前停车台和后停车台；所述前停车台内和后停车台内的两侧都设有用于承托和引导载车板的纵向的引导部；
当交换台与车辆出入层平层时，交换台的前端口与前停车台的后端对接，交换台的后端口与后停车台的前端对接，并且，交换台的引导部与前停车台和后停车台的引导部相互对接连通；交换台内的载车板可被驱动系统沿引导部移入前停车台或者后停车台，前停车台内或者后停车台内的载车板可被驱动系统沿引导部移入交换台。
在上述部分特征的基础上，
所述车辆出入层位于所述车辆存放层的下方；
所述升降井道底部设有可停放载车板的升降桥；升降桥内的两侧都设有用于承托和引导载车板的纵向的引导部；
当所述交换台与所述前停车台和所述后停车台平层对接时，已降至低位的升降桥位于交换台的下方空间中；
当交换台上升后，升降桥可升至与前停车台和后停车台平层对接的位置；并且，升降桥的引导部与前停车台和后停车台的引导部相互对接连通；
当升降桥与前停车台和后停车台平层对接后，升降桥内的载车板可被驱动系统沿引导部移入前停车台或后停车台，后停车台或前停车台内的空载的载车板可被驱动系统沿引导部移入升降桥内，并可随升降桥降至低位。
在上述部分特征的基础上，
所述车辆出入层位于车辆存放层的上方；
所述升降井道顶部设有可停放载车板的升降桥；升降桥内的两侧都设有用于承托和引导载车板的纵向的引导部；
当所述交换台与所述前停车台和所述后停车台平层对接时，已升至 高位的升降桥位于交换台的载车板及其所载车辆的上方空间中；
当交换台下降后，升降桥可降至与前停车台和后停车台平层对接的位置；
当升降桥与前停车台和后停车台平层对接后，升降桥内的载车板可被驱动系统沿引导部移入前停车台或后停车台，后停车台或前停车台内的载车板可被驱动系统沿引导部移入升降桥内，并可随升降桥升至高位。
在上述部分特征的基础上，
所述车辆出入层并排设置了三个地面传送台，其中，中间的地面传送台位于所述升降井道底部；
一个靠边的地面传送台与行车道齐平相连；
各地面传送台上设有侧向传接机构；
下降到低位的交换台的载车板轨道可沉入地面传送台之间的间隙中。
本文所称的“纵向”和“侧向”是指大致相互垂直并且水平的两个方向，“侧方”是指位于“侧向”的地方。
本文所称的“前”“后”，与上述的“纵向”的方向平行。
本文所称的“引导部”，是指支撑和限制载车板移动方向的构造或者部件，例如现有技术中的轨道、滚轮列、磁悬浮轨道。相应的，被“引导部”支撑和限位的载车板，设有与“引导部”匹配的移动副，例如车轮、引导梁、磁悬浮支脚。
由于取通道中的侧向搬运车与载车板互不阻碍，可分别独立移动，并且，需要侧向搬运车所作的工作只是将存通道内载有待取车辆的载车板或者需要让位的空载车板转移到取通道即可，被移至取通道的载车板可被其他驱动力移向交换台，无需依靠搬运台车运送。
显然，在只有一层存取空间的应用环境中，交换台可充当车辆进出载车板的车辆出入区。当设置了多层存取空间时，通过井道运行的交换台可将各层存车层内的载车板运至车辆出入层。
由于交换台内的载有待存车辆的载车板无需搬运台车即可被驱动力移入存通道，完成存车程序，并且，这期间的侧向搬运车可同时进行将更多载车板转移到取通道的工作，被转移到取通道的所有载有待取车辆的载车板均可独立向交换台方向移动，在交换台前形成等候队列，再按先后顺序依次进入交换台。
每个载车板从存通道被移至取通道后，都会在存通道中的载车板队列中形成空档。这些空档会被其他向内移动的载车板补位填充，并在队列首端靠近交换台处形成避让空位，这些空位为来自交换台的载有待存车辆的载车板或者因车辆驶离而被空置的载车板提供了存放空间，形成了循环补位的存取作业。
停车台的设置，避免了交换台被车辆进出载车板的过程长时间占用，提高了升降式的交换台的工作效率。
升降桥的设置，让成对配置的停车台可以分别用于存车区和取车区，并且可以让取车区已经空置的载车板可以及时转移到等待空载车板的存车区，进一步提高了存取效率。
综上所述，本发明消除了现有技术中取通道被搬运器长时间独占、搬运器被单次存取操作长时间占用的低效率问题，也避免了存取作业不可同时进行的问题，显著提高了存取效率，改善了用户体验。
本发明的更具体的技术特征和有益效果，将在以下多个实施例中，结合附图做进一步的详细描述。
附图说明
图1是实施例1的未布置载车板时从前上视角观察的立体图和局部放大图；
图2是实施例1的载车板的从前上视角观察的立体图和局部放大图；
图3是实施例1的载车板的从前下视角观察的立体图和局部放大图；
图4是实施例1的侧向搬运车的从前上视角观察的立体图和局部放大图；
图5是实施例1的交换台的从前上视角观察的立体图和局部放大图；
图6是实施例1的侧向搬运车向取通道侧向传递载车板时的运行状态立体图；
图7是实施例1的交换台向存通道传递载车板时的运行状态立体图；
图8是实施例1的载车板移入交换台时的运行状态立体图；
图9是实施例2的侧向搬运车向取通道侧向传递载车板时的运行状态立体图；
图10是实施例2的载车板移入交换台时的运行状态立体图；
图11是实施例3的交换台未布置载车板时从前上视角观察的立体图 和局部放大图；
图12是实施例3的载车板的从前下视角观察的立体图和局部放大图；
图13是实施例3的交换台的从前上视角观察的立体图和局部放大图；
图14是实施例4的停车台向升降桥移送载车板时的运行状态立体图和局部放大图；
图15是实施例4的载车板的从前上视角观察的立体图；
图16是实施例4的载车板的从前下视角观察的立体图和局部放大图；
图17是实施例4的交换台进行载车板同时存取作业时的运行状态立体图和局部放大图；
图18是实施例5的侧向搬运车向取通道传递载车板时的运行状态立体图和局部放大图；
图19是实施例5的载车板的从前下视角观察的立体图和局部放大图；
图20是实施例5的交换台向存通道传递载车板时的运行状态立体图；
图21是实施例5的多层应用方式的运行状态立体图；
图22是实施例6的双交换台进行存取作业时的运行状态立体图；
图23是实施例6的交换台的从前上视角观察的立体图；
图24至图30是实施例7的取出深层载车板时的运行步骤的俯视示意图；
图31是实施例7的曲线式停车台方案的俯视示意图；
图32至图34是实施例2中描述的侧向搬运器上的纵向分离装置运行方式侧视示意图；
图35是实施例8运行状态立体图和局部放大图；
图36是实施例8的侧向搬运车的前下视角立体图和局部放大图；
图37是实施例8的带顶棚载车板的前上视角立体图；
图38是实施例9的交换台区段的局部剖视立体示意图；
图39是图38的左视示意图；
图40是实施例10的交换台构造立体示意图；
图41是实施例10的包含交换台区段的立体图。
附图标记包括：
载车板-1 脚轮-101 纵移引导梁-102 侧移引导梁-103 缓冲顶块-104
载车板中间纵梁-105 载车板顶棚-106 载车板顶棚支柱-107 载车板顶棚挂钩-108
载车板坡道板-109
侧向搬运车-2 侧向搬运装置-3 交换台-4 载车板轨道-5 纵移摩擦轮-6
侧向搬运车的轨道-7 侧移摩擦轮-8 起升架-9 过渡轮-10 侧向搬运车行走轮-11
侧向搬运车的底架-12 交换台的底架-13 车辆-14 入车道-15 出车道-16 地坑-17
停车台-18 升降桥-19 水平顶推装置-20 顶推块-201 顶推块的滑槽-202
衔接台-21 横移车-22 横移车框架-221 横移车行走轮-222 横移车吊钩-223
横移车轨道-224 行车道-23 升降式停车台-24 地面传送台-25
在同一幅附图中，不同位置的相同部件，以该部件标记+小写英文字母区分；
在同一幅附图中，功能相同但应用在不同部件或位置的装置，以该部件标记+“-”+数字区分。
附图中，功能相同但具有显著区别特征的部件，以该部件标记+大写英文字母区分。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施方式结合附图对本发明作进一步详细说明。其中不同实施方式中类似元件采用了相关联的类似的元件标号。在以下的实施方式中，很多细节描述是为了使得本申请能被更好的理解。然而，本领域技术人员可以毫不费力的认识到，其中部分特征在不同情况下是可以省略的，或者可以由其他元件、材料、方法所替代。在某些情况下，本申请相关的一些操作并没有在说明书中显示或者描述，这是为了避免 本申请的核心部分被过多的描述所淹没，而对于本领域技术人员而言，详细描述这些相关操作并不是必要的，他们根据说明书中的描述以及本领域的一般技术知识即可完整了解相关操作。
另外，说明书中所描述的特点、操作或者特征可以以任意适当的方式结合形成各种实施方式。同时，方法描述中的各步骤或者动作也可以按照本领域技术人员所能显而易见的方式进行顺序调换或调整。因此，说明书和附图中的各种顺序只是为了清楚描述某一个实施例，并不意味着是必须的顺序，除非另有说明其中某个顺序是必须遵循的。
本文中为部件所编序号本身，例如“第一”、“第二”等，仅用于区分所描述的对象，不具有任何顺序或技术含义。而本申请所说“连接”、“联接”，如无特别说明，均包括直接和间接连接(联接)。(也可根据情况省略)
实施例一、
如图1至图8所示，本实施例设有一层以钢构框架架空的车辆存放层和一层布置在地面的车辆出入层。在车辆存放层内，布置了一条位于中部的取通道和两条位于两侧的存通道，存通道内排列了多个载车板1。
在存通道内和取通道内的两侧，设有用于承托和引导载车板1纵向移位的引导部，该引导部为图1所示的载车板轨道5。存通道内的载车板轨道5上排列了多个沿载车板轨道5外侧设置的载车板驱动和制动系统中的纵移摩擦轮6，这些纵移摩擦轮6可驱动载车板1沿载车板轨道5移动。这种纵移摩擦轮6可依靠设置在载车板轨道1外侧空间内的常规技术中的传动机构在控制指令下驱动，比如以减速电机带动的传动链系统。
参见图2、图3，本实施例中的载车板1的四角下方装有脚轮101，边梁中部装有缓冲顶块104。载车板边梁下部有纵移引导梁102和侧移引导梁103。
参见图1、图6，取通道内的载车板轨道5上的载车板1b可被纵移摩擦轮6沿载车板轨道5纵向移位；在载车板轨道5上的相邻的载车板1可依靠缓冲顶块104相互挤靠，并且，其中被移动的载车板1b可推动相邻的载车板1移动。
左右两条存通道内，分别布置了一台侧向搬运车2-2、2-3，取通道内也布置了一台侧向搬运车2-1。
参见图4、图1，侧向搬运车2的四个可以沿轨道7纵向移动的行走 轮11装在底架12侧边端部，底架12上装有起升机构，该起升机构可以在数厘米幅度内起升和下落的起升架9，起升架9装有侧向传接机构，该侧向传接机构为图中所示的两排侧移摩擦轮8，这些侧移摩擦轮8由车体内的驱动机构同步驱动。
参见图6，左右两侧存通道前端与交换台4的两侧侧向对正的区域，属于避让区，在左右两个避让区内分别装有侧向搬运装置3-1、3-2。这两个侧向避让装置与侧向避让车2一样，也装有起升架9，起升架9上也装有侧移摩擦轮8。
参见图1和图6，交换台4布置在取通道的前端四根立柱导轨之间的升降井道内。交换台4的构成参见图5，其底架13的四角在立柱导轨内由提升绳链提升。底架13的左右侧部装有两段载车板轨道5，在载车板轨道5的外侧，装有用于驱动载车板的纵移摩擦轮6。在载车板轨道5之间，装有起升架9和侧移摩擦轮8。交换台可以在车辆存放层和车辆出入层之间升降运行。
取车过程参见图6和图1，存通道内的侧向搬运车2-2进入载有待取车辆14a的载车板1a下方的低空间并对正停稳后，侧向搬运车2-2的起升架9向上顶起载车板1a，使载车板1a离开轨道后，再通过起升架9上的各个侧移摩擦轮8同步向右摩擦载车板1a底部的两条侧移引导梁103，将载车板1a向右侧移动。同时，取通道对正位置处的侧向搬运车2-1的起升架9预先起升到位，并让侧移摩擦轮8承托并摩擦向左移动的载车板1a底部的侧移引导梁103，使载车板1a逐渐移动到取通道内，再降下起升架9，将载车板1a降至取通道内的载车板轨道5上。由于侧向搬运车的长度远小于载车板，为了防止载车板侧向悬伸移动时倾斜失稳，在相邻通道的轨道之间设有过渡轮10，用于支撑悬伸侧移中的载车板。
之后，载有待取车辆14a的载车板1a在纵移摩擦轮6的驱动下，沿取通道向交换台4方向平移。多个待取的载车板可按先后次序排队等候在交换台4前。
参见图6、图7，交换台4降至与车辆出入层平层对接位置时，待存车辆14c可从入车道15向前驶入交换台4上的载车板1c。之后，交换台4上升到与车辆存放层平层高度，载有待存车辆14c的载车板1c在交换台4的随起升架9处于起升状态的侧移摩擦轮8的驱动下，向左侧存通道内的已经空置的避让区移动，并在避让区内的侧向搬运装置3-1的处于起 升状态的起升架9上的侧移摩擦轮8的承托和驱动下，移入避让区，再随着避让区内的起升架9的下落动作落到存通道内的载车板轨道5上。这样，就完成了一辆车的存放操作。
参见图8，因存通道内有其他载有待取车辆的载车板被移至取通道，使载车板队列中形成了空档。这个空档可通过纵移摩擦轮6对载车板的驱动来填补，并在避让区留出空档，给下一辆待存车辆预先让位。在实际应用中，如果存通道内的载车板队列较长，所需的平移驱动力较大时，填补空档的作业，可通过沿线布置的纵移摩擦轮阵列共同完成。如果个队列较短，所需的平移驱动力不大，也可以只利用避让区内的一组纵移摩擦轮6来完成。
参见图8，当待存车辆14c移出交换台4，并且，交换台4内的起升架9回落后，等候在交换台4旁的排第一位的载有待取车辆14b的载车板1b，可在取通道的纵移摩擦轮6的驱动下，沿着已经对接连通的载车板通道5移入交换台4，之后，再随交换台4下降到车辆出入层，然后，车辆向前驶出载车板，进入出车道16，完成这辆车的取车操作。等候在入车道15内的待存车辆可立刻进入已经空置的载车板1b，进行下一轮存车操作。
可见，交换台4进行一次耗时几乎可以恒定的快速升降动作，便可完成一个存车操作和一个取车操作，与现有技术相比，具有较高的存取效率。在本实施例的应用方式中，按着正常的同类升降和横移机构的运行速度来估算，包括司机正常速度上下车的时间在内，每辆车的存放和取出操作的耗时，都可以控制在30秒至40秒之内。
显而易见的是，本实施例中的交换台，可以设置在取通道中部，让同一个交换台可以在前后两端接收或者送出载车板。相应的，各个侧向搬运装置也设置在存通道的中部，让避让区内的载车板可以移入前后两段存通道中。为了保证运行效率，每条存通道和每条取通道中，应设置不少于两台侧向搬运车。其他实施例中的情况与此类似。
实施例二、
如图9、图10所示，在实施例1的基础上，本实施例在左右侧存通道的外侧，各增加了一条存通道。除了原有存通道内的两台侧向搬运车2-2、2-3之外，在新增的两条存通道内，也都布置了侧向搬运车2-4、2-5。在新增的存通道前端，也布置了避让区，并在避让区内也布置了侧向搬运装 置3-3、3-4。四个避让区内的侧向搬运装置3-1、3-2、3-3、3-4对齐布置。
参见图9，当需要取出位于左方靠后的存通道内的一辆待取车辆14a时，可让该存通道内的侧向搬运车2-4移入载有该车辆14a的待取载车板1a下方，做起升和侧向传送动作，再由左方靠前的侧向搬运车2-2接力传送，最终传送到取通道内的侧向搬运车2-1上，然后放置在取通道的载车板轨道5上，并通过纵向摩擦轮6移向交换台4方向。
参见图9，取出位于左方靠后的存通道内的一辆待取车辆14a时，需要先将阻挡其侧移通路的位于内侧存通道内的需避让载车板移开。根据不同的应用环境、效率要求和造价要求，移开需避让载车板的方式，至少有以下六种：
第一种方式：让内侧存通道内的侧向搬运车2-2移至需避让载车板下方，用起升架9顶住该载车板，并向避让区方向或者有空档的方向移动，形成通道。这种方式需要侧向搬运车具有足够的驱动力和制动力。如需要推动的载车板数量过多、总阻力过大，而侧向搬运器依靠自重产生的行走轮摩擦驱动力不足时，这个方式是不合适的。
第二种方式：参见图32至图34，在内侧存通道内的侧向搬运器2的起升架9上，设置纵向分离装置。这个装置包括一个可升降并往复纵移的推力部件211和一个可升降的定位部件212。参见图32，装置开始启动前，处于下落状态的起升架9上的推力部件211处于与定位部件212重合的初始位置。装置启动时，按图33所示，通过纵移并微调侧向搬运器2，让定位部件212和推力部件211对准需避让载车板1a与因侧方载车板队列中无空位而不可移动的载车板1b之间的间隙位置，再让起升架9起升，使定位部件212和推力部件211进入载车板间隙。最后，按图34所示，让推力部件211纵移，推动需避让载车板1a向有空位的方向纵移，从而形成足够宽的避让通道。
第三种方式：在内侧存通道的沿线设置一系列可控的纵移驱动装置，比如纵移摩擦轮6阵列，以共同合力来移动需要移位避让的各个载车板。但这显然会增加机构的复杂性和造价。
第四种方式：将待取载车板与需避让载车板均通过侧移搬运车依次移至取通道内，并依次移向交换台4。在交换台4上先让需避让载车板侧向转移，返回存通道，最后让待取载车板进入交换台4下降出库。显然，这 将额外耗用交换台4的工作时间，降低了效率。为了避免降低效率，可参照实施例7的方式，增加侧向搬运装置。
第五种方式：将待取载车板与需避让载车板均通过侧移搬运车依次移至取通道内，再由取通道内的侧向搬运器将需避让载车板放置不阻碍待取载车板通行的方向暂存，等待取载车板取出并移向交换台方向时，再由侧移搬运器将其放回存通道内。
第六种方式：在取通道布置两台或者多台侧向搬运车。操作时，先将需避让载车板通过取通道内的离交换台较远的侧移搬运车接走，再由离交换台较近的侧向搬运器将待取载车板取出并移向交换台，然后，再将需避让载车板放回原处。
参见图9、图10，在交换台4的升降井道底部的底坑17内，设置了升降桥19。升降桥19上也装有侧移摩擦轮8。底坑17的左右侧方，设有左停车台18-2和右停车台18-1。停车台上设有侧移摩擦轮8。
参见图9，在升降桥19上，预先放置了一个载车板1f。当升降桥19下降到低位后，交换台4可以下降到与停车台平层对接的位置，并且，跟随交换台4下降的载有待取车辆14e的载车板1e可在侧移摩擦轮8驱动下移入左交换台18-2。随后，待取车辆14e可沿出车道16驶离出库，完成取车操作。同一时段中，右停车台18-1上的载有待存车辆14d的载车板1d可在侧移摩擦轮8的驱动下移入交换台4，并随交换台4上升到车辆存放层。
当交换台4开始上升后，升降桥19也将上升，并与停车台对接。然后，升降桥19上的载车板1f可移入已经空置的右停车台18-1，让入车道15内的后续的待存车辆14f驶上载车板1f。在交换台4进行下一次下降步骤之前，左停车台18-2上的待取车辆14e驶离待取载车板1e并进入出车道16后，已经空置的载车板14e可立即向右进入升降桥19，让左停车台18-2空置，等待收取交换台4传入下一个载车板。
参见图10，交换台4与取通道平层对接后，载有待存车辆14d的载车板1d，可通过交换台4以及避让区内的侧向搬运装置3-1、3-4接力传送到系统分配的空置的避让区内，再转入相应的存通道中入库，完成本次存车作业。
上述存取过程，将司机上下车的辅助时间，与交换台4的升降作业过程所占用的时间进行了重合叠加，与车辆存放层内的特定载车板的各种侧 向搬运过程也进行了重合叠加，在保证为司机提供合理的辅助时间的情况下，减少了机构运行中的空耗时间。与现有技术相比，显著提供了车辆存取速度，改善了用户体验。
实施例三、
如图11至图13所示，本实施例是以实施例2为基础，将存通道和取通道的用于承托和引导载车板的引导部采用了成行列排布的纵移摩擦轮6B形式。这些纵移摩擦轮6B中，至少一部分是由驱动系统驱动的，另一部分可以是仅仅起到承托作用的无动力的滑轮功能。但侧移搬运车2B仍然通过行走轮11在轨道7上移动。
参见图12，本实施例中的载车板1B底部不设置脚轮，只保留纵移引导梁102和侧移引导梁103，以及边梁中部的缓冲顶块104。载车板1B的纵移引导梁102在双排纵移摩擦轮6B上运行。参见图13，交换台4B上也在对应位置设置了双排纵移摩擦轮6B，并可与取通道内的双排纵移摩擦轮6B对齐衔接以传送载车板1B。参见图11，侧移搬运车2B、侧向搬运装置3B、升降桥19B、两个停车台上仍然保留侧移摩擦轮8。
以纵移摩擦轮6B代替载车板轨道5只是一种可选的引导部的形式，其优点是可以将驱动动力、支撑力、导向作用合并起来，并且省去了载车板脚轮。但在实践中，钢轨形式的优点和可靠性更高，技术更成熟。
实施例四、
如图14至图17所示，本实施例采用了与载车板长度方向平行排布的存通道和取通道。
其载车板如图15所示，为了节省用材，采用了较短的载车板主体，为了达到超过车辆长度的纵向排列间距，在载车板中部设置了两端有缓冲顶块104的中间纵梁105。在载车板侧梁两端下方安装了脚轮101，载车板的侧梁底部设置了纵移引导梁102，载车板端梁底部设置了侧移引导梁103。参见图14，存通道和取通道内的载车板轨道5的内侧排布了纵移摩擦轮6，载车板的纵移引导梁102被纵移摩擦轮6驱动运行。
参见图14、图17，取通道前端的升降井道内，设有交换台4B。交换台4B两侧设有载车板轨道。交换台4B设有可回转180度的起升架9B，起升架9B装有侧移摩擦轮8。在交换台升降井道底坑内设有升降桥19，升降桥19设有侧移摩擦轮8。交换台升降井道底坑左右两侧是左停车台18-2和右停车台18-1。设置在两个停车台内的侧向搬运装置3-6、3-7上 也都装有起升架9和侧移摩擦轮8，当停车台内的侧向搬运装置3-6、3-7的起升架9处于下落状态时，其承载的载车板将与出入口路面齐平对接，便于车辆进出载车板。
在两条存通道前端避让区内，设有侧向搬运装置3-1、3-2，在侧向搬运装置上，设有起升架9和侧移摩擦轮8。避让区中部纵向设置了固定的水平顶推装置20，该装置的可伸出和回收的顶推块201在纵向的滑槽202内往复运行。
当需要取出一辆车14a的同时，也有两辆待存车辆14b时，其运行过程下：
参见图14，位于存通道中的载车板队列中的载有待取车辆14a的载车板1a通过两个侧移搬运车2-1、2-2移入取通道，然后向交换台4B方向移动。
在此期间，载有空载车板1c的交换台4B下降到与停车台平层的位置后，交换台4B上的空载车板1c移向左停车台18-2，并由侧向搬运装置3-7的处于起升状态的起升架9的侧移摩擦轮8承托并接收；同时，由右停车台18-1上的侧向搬运装置3-6的处于起升状态的起升架9的侧移摩擦轮8承托的载有第一辆待存车辆14b的载车板1b移入交换台4B，并随交换台4B上升。随后，载有载车板1d的升降桥19也上升。当升降桥19与停车台平层对接后，升降桥19上的载车板1d向右移入已经空置的右停车台18-1后下沉对接进车通道，让第二辆待存车辆14d进入。之后，左停车台18-2上的空载车板1c移入已经空置的升降桥19，并随升降桥19下沉到底坑内。
参见图17，当交换台4B上升并与取通道平层对接后，交换台4B上的载有待存车辆14b的载车板1b依靠侧向搬运装置进入右侧空置避让区内，并由避让区内的水平顶推装置20的伸出的顶推块201通过顶推其缓冲顶块104推入右侧存通道内。固定设置的水平顶推装置20可采用液压推杆以产生足够推力，使其可推动存通道内的整列载车板。
当载有第一辆待存车辆14b的载车板1b离开交换台4B侧移进入避让区并被水平顶推装置20推移入库后，取通道内的载有待取车辆14a的载车板1a可进入已空置的交换台4B。交换台4B的起升架9B起升到超越两侧载车板轨道的高度后，回转180度，让待取车辆14a利用避让区空间预先回转调头。之后，载有已经调头的待取车辆14a的交换台4B开始下降。
再次下降的交换台4B与停车台平层对接后，在交换台4B以及左停车台18-2、右停车台18-1内的起升架9和侧移摩擦轮8的共同运作下，载有待取车辆14a的载车板1a从交换台4B移入左停车台18-2，再下落平层后直行出库。右停车台18-1上的载有第二辆待存车辆14d的载车板1d同时移入交换台4B，随后上升入库。从而完成两次存车和一次取车过程。
在应用环境容许时，本实施中的停车台可以采用一端进车另一端出车的贯通存取方式，使车辆无需倒车就可存取，入库通道与出库通道分置前后两端，互不干扰。待取车辆直行驶离载车板后，跟在后面的待存车辆可即可驶入载车板进行存车操作。并且，两个停车台都可以同时进行存车和取车作业，相当于同时有两个出库通道和两个入库通道，运行效率高，用户体验好。在这种情况下，交换台4是不需要回转功能的。
在应用环境不容许贯通存取时，为了避免让用户进行难度较大的倒车操作，才需要如上所述，采用有回转调头功能的交换台。
实施例五、
如图18至图21所示，本实施例中，分置于取通道的左右两侧的两条存通道的前端均设有升降井道，井道内均有一个装有侧向搬运装置的交换台4-1、4-2。两个升降井道底部直接作为两个停车台18-1、18-2。两个交换台4-1、4-2可在停车台18-1、18-2和两条存通道之间升降运行。在两个升降井道之间的取通道内设有转存区，在转存区内设有侧向搬运装置3-8。
一次典型的取车过程如图20和图18所示。参见图20，在两台侧向搬运车2-1、2-2配合下，载有待取车辆14a的载车板1a从左侧存通道内的载车板队列中移出，进入取车通道。随后，在纵移摩擦轮8驱动下，靠前的载车板1k向后移位，在左存通道前部让出一个空位。进入取通道的载有待取车辆14a的载车板1a向转存区移动，跟在前一个载有待取车辆14b的载车板1b的后面，等待进入转存区。
参见图18，上升的左交换台4-1与左存通道前端平层衔接后，左交换台4-1上的载车板轨道5承载的空载车板1m在纵移摩擦轮6驱动下沿轨道5进入左存通道的空位中；然后，已经进入转存区的待取载车板1a由侧向搬运器3-8传入已经空置的左交换台4-1，并随后与交换台4-1一起下降到左停车台18-1的沉坑内，使载车板1a与左停车台18-1的车辆出入通道对齐衔接，再让车辆前行出库，完成取车过程。在大致相同的时间 段内，右交换台4-2也按同样的步骤将载有前一辆待取车辆14b的载车板1b与由右交换台4-2提升的空载车板1n相互交换位置后运至右停车台18-2出库。
若需要避免倒车入库或者倒车出库，可类似实施例4一样，将转存区内的侧向搬运装置3-8增设可升起后回转180度的功能，让转存区内的待取车辆在被移至交换台之前，就利用转存区和两侧避让区的宽敞空间，预先调头。当然，若应用环境容许时，本实施中的停车台可以采用一端进车另一端出车的贯通存取方式，使车辆直进直出，无需倒车作业，那样就不需要回转调头功能了。并且，两个停车台都可以同时进行存车和取车作业，相当于同时有两个出库通道和两个入库通道。
参见图19，本实施例中的载车板1为了节省耗材，采用了较短的载车板本体。为了保证载车板串联队列的足够长的分布间隔，载车板的一侧边梁按超过预设车型的长度做成长边梁106，长边梁106的两个端部设置弧面型的缓冲顶块104。但另一侧边梁不需要加长。一长一短的边梁，不仅节约了成本，还能避免载车板侧向移出载车板队列时因移动偏差产生额外的擦碰。
参见图18，左右两个停车台之间可设置专用的司乘人员上下车的带护栏的安全通道。
各个实施例中，架空的车库设备框架下方，可像图18所示的那样，设置地面自走车位，用于停放其他车辆1p。车库设备框架的地面立柱可根据划分地面车位的需要灵活布置。
本实施例由于采用了双交换台双停车台方式，当一个交换台进行起升操作时，另一个交换台可进行下降操作，所以，与单停车台方式相比，存取速度大致可以翻倍，改善了用户体验。
需要时，本发明的每个实施例，都可以像类似图21所示的那样，采用共用升降井道和交换台4的多层车辆存放层应用方式。
实施例六、
如图22、图23所示，本实施例也采用了分置于左右两个升降井道中的两个交换台4。左升降井道底部是左停车台18-1，右升降井道底部是右停车台18-2。其中，左停车台4-1左端与出车道16连接，右停车台4-2右端与入车道15连接。
在取通道的左侧，布置了左侧第一存通道和左侧第二停放通道。在取 通道的右侧，布置了右侧第一存通道和右侧第二存通道。左升降井道设置在左侧第一存通道前端，右升降井道设置在右侧第一存通道前端。取通道和每条存通道内各布置了一台侧向搬运台车2，并按类似图10的方式从各存通道向取通道传递待取载车板。
在取通道前端，设置了转存区，转存区内设置了一台侧向搬运装置3-6。
在左侧和右侧第二存通道前端设置了避让区，在避让区内设置了侧向搬运装置3-4、3-3。参见图23，在交换台4的基架13上设置了起升架9和侧移摩擦轮8。
交换台升至与存通道平层位置后，交换台上的载车板，可以纵移进入第一停放通道，也可以侧移进入第二存通道内的避让区内。转存区内的载车板可以进入交换台。
当两个交换台下降到停车台的底坑内之后，交换台上的载车板可与入车道、出车道，以及左右停车台之间的衔接台21形成连贯的行车通道。
在实际应用时，通常情况下，可以将左停车台4-1作为取车专用停车台，右停车台4-2作为存车专用停车台，这样，进车与出车互不干涉。当需要连续取车或者连续存车时，可利用衔接台的车道衔接功能，通过车位智能调度和信号灯和自动栅栏控制等手段，让两个停车台都临时作为取车台或者存车台。
实施例七、
如图24至图30所示，为便于描述，图中的方向以上北下南、左西右东表示。这是按东西方向布置了多条存通道的实施方案示意图。图中以黑方框表示交换台4。交换台4设置在取通道中部，在交换台4东西两侧分别设置了东暂存区和西暂存区。暂存区在图中以菱形网格区表示；在各条存通道中与东暂存区南北对齐的位置，均设置了东避让区，与西暂存区南北对齐的位置，均设置了西避让区。避让区在图中以斜纹区表示。在每个暂存区和避让区内，均设置了用于起升并侧向传接载车板的起升机构和侧向传接机构，例如前述实施例中的起升架和侧移摩擦轮阵列。取通道和存通道内，布置了用于驱动载车板沿通道移动的纵移驱动系统，例如前述实施例中的纵移摩擦轮阵列。在取通道和每条存通道内，都布置了一台沿通道运行的侧向搬运台车2，侧向搬运台车2在图中以虚线矩形框表示。
当需要取出位于北侧第三排存通道内的一个待取载车板1a时，需要 按如下步骤执行：
第一步如图24所示，将4台侧向搬运台车移至该载车板1a及阻挡其南方侧移通道的另外两个需避让载车板1b、1c的底部的底通道中，再顶起这三个载车板，并向南移动一个通道宽度，让第一个需避让载车板1c进入取通道。
第二步如图25所示，取通道内的第一个避让载车板1c向西进入东暂存区，第三存通道东避让区内的载车板1d和东侧相邻载车板1e向东移动一个载车板长度距离，空出本通道的东避让区。
第三步如图26所示，用3台侧向搬运车将待取载车板1a及其南面的需避让载车板1b向取通道移动一个通道宽度，让第二个需避让载车板1b进入取通道后再向东暂存区移动。同时，东暂存区内的第一个需避让载车板1c和其北面三个东避让区内的两个载车板1f、1g一同向北移一个通道宽度距离，空出东暂存区。
第四步如图27所示，用2台侧向搬运车将待取载车板1a移入取通道。同时，第二个需避让载车板1b进入东暂存区，第二存通道的东避让区内的载车板1f和东侧相邻载车板1h向东移动一个载车板长度距离,空出本通道的东避让区。载有待存载车板1m的交换台4沿升降井道向本层垂直移动。
第五步如图28所示，进入东暂存区的第二个需避让载车板1b与北方相邻东避让区内的载车板1c被侧移搬运装置向北移动一个通道宽度距离，空出东暂存区，以便待取载车板1a进入。同时段内，载有待存载车板1m的交换台4与本层平层。
第六步如图29所示，平层后的交换台4上的待存载车板1m向西移入西暂存区，东暂存区内的待取载车板1a移入交换台4。西暂存区北侧相邻西避让区内的载车板1k以及其东侧的三个载车板1j、1b、1i向东移动一个载车板长度距离，空出本通道的西避让区。
第七步如图30所示，交换台4启动，将待取载车板1a运向停车台出库，西暂存区内的载车板1b向北移入相邻的西避让区。
本实施例中，每条存通道可以完全用于存放载车板，实现了最大限度利用车辆存放层空间的效果。显而易见的是，存通道增加后，会带来取车效率的降低。所以，为了平衡效率和空间利用率，在实际应用中，一条取通道两侧分别设置不超过2条存通道比较合适。
本实施例中，如果可将升降井道和交换台4临近道路设置时，为了让道路上的车辆14更便于进出库，可将交换台4的升降井道东西两侧的停车台上的载车板轨道5采用图31所示的曲线方式设计，让进入停车台的载车板的车辆14入口端与行车道方向形成合理的夹角。
实施例8如图35至图37所示。参见图35、图36，本实施例是在如图14所示的实施例4的基本结构上，引入了新式的共用型的侧向搬运车2B，共用型的侧向搬运车2B架空跨越两条存通道和一条取通道的上空，其行走轮11B在架空设置在存通道外侧的轨道7B运行。
载车板1C按图37所示那样，增加了顶棚106。载车板顶棚106以四根吊柱107固定连接在载车板侧边梁的前后端处。载车板顶棚106上方靠近四角处设有四个挂钩108。
这种侧向搬运车2B的主体结构包括中空的底架12B及底架四角下方的四个行走轮11B，在底架前后梁之间，布置了一台如图36所示的横移车22，横移车22以其框架221四角处设置的四个行走轮222沿布置在底架12B前后梁内侧的轨道224上运行。横移车22底部靠近四角处装有四个可同步升降的起升钩223。
参见图35，当侧向搬运车2B停止在任意一个载车板上方后，横移车22可横移到该载车板上方对正位置，让横移车的四个起升钩223勾住载车板顶棚的四个挂钩108并上升数厘米，将载车板1C悬空脱离轨道；再通过横移车22的移动，将载车板1C从存通道侧移到取通道的载车板轨道5上。
本实施例的其他运作方式，与实施例4基本相同。
本实施例比较适合应用在只有一层架空的车辆存放层的户外应用场合。在这种应用场合中，由于每个载车板都有独立的车棚，就不需要为整个车辆存放层架设大型的顶棚了。
当然，在应用环境需要时，本发明的其他一些实施例中的载车板，也可以按本实施例这样，为载车板增设独立的顶棚，起到遮光防晒功能。
实施例九、
参见图38、图39，本实施例具有位于地上和地下的多层车辆存放层。在同一个升降井道内，设置了上下两个交换台4-1、4-2。其中，上方交换台4-1负责地面以上各车辆存放层的存取作业，下方交换台4-2负责地面以下各车辆存放层的存取作业。上、下两个交换台4-1、4-2可相互临 时充当类似之前实施例中提到的“升降桥”功能。
每层车辆存放层与升降井道两侧相邻的存通道内的侧向对正位置的避让区内，均设置了带有起升架9和侧移摩擦轮8的侧向搬运装置3。与地面行车道平层的车辆存放层内的一个侧向搬运装置3-1与延伸到地面行车道23的升降式停车台24并排相邻。升降式停车台24可下降到与地面齐平位置以接送车辆进出载车板1。升降式停车台24上设有与侧向搬运装置3匹配的两列侧移摩擦轮8。
为了使载车板1可在升降式停车台24落地后，便于车辆进出载车板1，在每个载车板1的前后端部设置了坡道109。
参照之前实施例中的描述，容易理解，在本实施例中，借助于地面行车道平层的车辆存放层内的两个避让区内的侧向搬运装置3-1、3-2，上下两台可相互充当“升降桥”的交换台4-1、4-2，以及升降式停车台24的相互配合，交换台上的载有待存或待取车辆的载车板1a、1b可与升降式停车台24上的待回库的空载车板或者刚接纳车辆的待存载车板1c之间，可自由交换位置，并进行互不阻碍的高效率车辆存取操作。
在实际应用中，行车道两侧可以布置与上述类似的多层库体，并共用升降式停车台，以提高空间利用率。行车道的上方和下方空间，也可以用于设置更多条存通道，以增加库容。
实施例十、
如图40、图41所示，本实施例采用了类似实施例7中描述的方式，在升降井道连接取通道处设置转存区，并在转存区两侧的存通道内设置避让区。在转存区和避让区内，均设置了侧向搬运装置3。交换台采用图40所示的结构，只保留载车板轨道5和纵移摩擦轮6，不设置侧向搬运装置。并且，在交换台底架13的边框和中梁之间留空。参见图41，相应的，在地面层位置，设置了由内到外并排三个固定的带侧移摩擦轮8的地面传送台25a、25b、25c。其中，位于中间的地面传送台25b处于交换台升降井道的底部。位于外侧的地面传送台25c是行车道的一部分，可容许车辆驶过。
与实施例9类似，本实施例中的载车板1的前后端也设置了便于车辆进出的坡道板109。
当载有载车板1的交换台4落地时，载车板1被位于中间的地面传送台25b的侧移摩擦轮8承托，而交换台4的载车板轨道5沉入三个地面传 送台之间的预留空隙中，以便于载车板在三个地面传送台之间移动。
与实施例9类似，在交换台和三个地面传送台的配合下，载车板可被互不妨碍地独立高效交换位置，进行车辆存取作业。
与实施例9类似，在实际应用中，行车道两侧可以布置与上述类似的多层库体，并共用升降式停车台，以提高空间利用率。行车道的上方和下方空间，也可以用于设置更多条存通道，以增加库容。
本发明中，用于驱动载车板沿着取通道向交换台方向纵向移动的“载车板驱动和制动系统”，既可以是利用以上各实施例中的纵移摩擦轮8的方式来驱动带轮的载车板1沿取通道中的载车板轨道5移动，也可以将载车板轨道5以﹥1‰并﹤5‰的坡度来安装，且坡向交换台4方向。这样，载车板1在这个有坡度的轨道上会自动滑向交换台方向。同理，实施例3中的成行列排布的纵移摩擦轮6B也可以具有上述坡度的形式来设置。
为了避免超速溜车产生事故，应当采取限速措施。比如，可以沿取通道设置多个具有阻尼性能的限速摩擦轮来摩擦移动中的载车板的纵移引导梁102；或者，用具有阻尼限速功能的车轮作为载车板的脚轮。
显而易见的是，轨道的坡度过大，会导致危险。上述的﹥1‰并﹤5‰的坡度限制，是兼顾了安全性和功能性的要求所限定的。
为了避免载车板的移动困难，在存通道中的轨道，可以是尽量水平设置的，不需要坡度。但为了不让取通道和存通道之间因坡度不同而产生高度差，影响载车板的侧向搬运，也可以将存通道设置成与取通道相同的坡度。但为了防止载车板后溜，可以沿通道设置具有单向旋转阻尼功能的阻尼轮来摩擦载车板的纵移引导梁102，既可以防止后溜，又可以避免额外增加载车板爬坡移动时的阻力。
前述具体说明已参照各种实施例进行了描述。然而，本领域技术人员将认识到，可以在不脱离本披露的范围的情况下进行各种修正和改变。因此，对于本披露的考虑将是说明性的而非限制性的意义上的，并且所有这些修改都将被包含在其范围内。同样，有关于各种实施例的优点、其他优点和问题的解决方案已如上所述。然而，益处、优点、问题的解决方案以及任何能产生这些的要素，或使其变得更明确的解决方案都不应被解释为关键的、必需的或必要的。本文中所用的术语“包括”和其任何其他变体，皆属于非排他性包含，这样包括要素列表的过程、方法、文章或设备不仅包括这些要素，还包括未明确列出的或不属于该过程、 方法、系统、文章或设备的其他要素。此外，本文中所使用的术语“耦合”和其任何其他变体都是指物理连接、电连接、磁连接、光连接、通信连接、功能连接和/或任何其他连接。
具有本领域技术的人将认识到，在不脱离本发明的基本原理的情况下，可以对上述实施例的细节进行许多改变。因此，本发明的范围应根据以下权利要求确定。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种平面移动式停车设备，其特征在于，包括：
    至少一层车辆存放层，在同一层车辆存放层内，布置了纵向排列的至少一条取通道和至少一条存通道；取通道与至少一条存通道相邻；
    引导部，所述引导部设置在存通道内和取通道内，用于承托和引导载车板纵向移位；存通道内的引导部上排列了多个可被驱动系统纵向移位的载车板；取通道内的引导部上的载车板可被驱动系统沿引导部纵向移位；在引导部上的相邻的载车板可相互挤靠，并且，其中被移动的载车板可推动相邻的载车板移动；
    侧向搬运车，所述侧向搬运车可将存通道内的引导部上的载车板移至取通道内的引导部上；
    交换台，所述交换台设置在同一层车辆存放层内，所述交换台可停放载车板；
    取通道内的驱动系统可驱动载车板沿引导部向交换台移动；交换台上的载车板可被驱动系统移入存通道内；取通道内的载车板可被驱动系统移入空置的交换台上。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的平面移动式停车设备，其特征在于，所述取通道内的驱动系统包括：载车板驱动和制动系统，所述载车板驱动和制动系统沿着取通道固定设置，其可驱动载车板向交换台方向纵向移位。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的平面移动式停车设备，其特征在于，
    所述引导部支撑所述载车板的两侧；两侧被引导部支撑的载车板的底部下方设有纵向贯通的底通道；每条存通道和每条取通道至少布置了一台侧向搬运车；侧向搬运车可沿取通道和存通道的底部纵向移位；侧向搬运车可在存通道内和取通道内的引导部上的各载车板的底部下方的底通道穿行；
    侧向搬运车上设有可做起升和下落动作的起升机构；
    当存通道内的侧向搬运车移至一个位于引导部上的载车板的下方后，侧向搬运车的起升机构可升起该载车板，使该载车板脱离存通道内的引导部；
    侧向搬运车上还设有侧向传接机构；
    当存通道内的侧向搬运车的起升机构升起一个载车板后，侧向搬运 车的侧向传接机构可使该载车板向侧方的取通道方向移位；取通道内的侧向搬运车的处于升起状态的起升机构和侧向传接机构，可承托并接收从侧方相邻的存通道内的侧向搬运车移送过来的载车板，并可由起升机构将其下落到取通道内的引导部上。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的平面移动式停车设备，其特征在于，
    所述交换台内的两侧都设有用于承托和引导载车板纵向移位的引导部；所述取通道内的引导部可与交换台内的引导部纵向对接连通；
    至少一条所述存通道与交换台的侧方相邻；存通道中的与交换台侧向对正的区域设有避让区；避让区内设有可做起升和下落动作的起升机构和侧向传接机构；
    当避让区内的起升机构处于下落状态时，由避让区内的引导部承托的载车板可被驱动系统沿引导部移出避让区；
    交换台内设有可做起升和下落动作的起升机构和侧向传接机构；交换台内的起升机构可升起引导部上的载车板，使该载车板脱离引导部，再由侧向传接机构将该载车板向侧方相邻的存通道内处于空置状态的避让区移送；
    处于空置状态的避让区内的已升起的起升机构和侧向传接机构可承托并接收由交换台移送过来的载车板，并可使该载车板下落到避让区内的引导部上；
    当空置的交换台内的起升机构处于下落状态时，取通道内的引导部上的载车板可被驱动系统沿引导部移至交换台内。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的平面移动式停车设备，其特征在于，
    所述至少一条存通道具有与所述交换台纵向对接的存通道；在交换台内的两侧都设有用于承托和引导载车板的纵向的引导部；
    与交换台对接的所述存通道内的引导部可与交换台内的引导部纵向对接连通；
    所述取通道的侧方与交换台相邻；取通道中与交换台侧向对正的区域设有转存区；
    交换台内还设有可做起升和下落动作的起升机构和侧向传接机构；
    当交换台内的起升机构处于下落状态时，由交换台内的引导部承托的载车板可被驱动系统沿引导部移至存通道内；转存区内设有可做起升和下落动作的起升机构和侧向传接机构；转存区内的起升机构可升起引 导部上的载车板，使该载车板脱离引导部，再由侧向传接机构将该载车板向处于空置状态的交换台移送；
    空置的交换台内的已升起的起升机构和侧向传接机构可承托并接收由转存区移送过来的载车板，并由起升机构将该载车板下落到交换台内的引导部上。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的平面移动式停车设备，其特征在于，
    在所述交换台的侧方纵向布置了至少一条所述存通道，并且，其中至少一条存通道与交换台相邻；
    交换台侧方的存通道内的与交换台侧向对正的区域设有避让区；避让区内设有可做起升和下落动作的起升机构和侧向传接机构；
    当避让区内的起升机构处于下落状态时，由避让区内的引导部承托的载车板可被驱动系统沿引导部移出避让区；交换台内的起升机构可升起引导部上的载车板，使该载车板脱离引导部，再由侧向传接机构将该载车板向侧方相邻的存通道内处于空置状态的避让区移送；
    处于空置状态的避让区内的已升起的起升机构和侧向传接机构可承托并接收由侧方移送过来的载车板，并可使该载车板下落到避让区内的引导部上。
  7. 根据权利要求3所述的平面移动式停车设备，其特征在于，还包括：
    第一存通道，所述第一存通道与所述取通道侧方并排相邻；
    第二存通道，所述第二存通道与第一存通道侧方并排相邻；
    所述交换台与第一存通道的端部纵向相邻；交换台的两侧分别与取通道和第二存通道相邻；
    在第二存通道中与交换台侧向对正的区域内设有避让区；在取通道中与交换台侧向对正的区域内设有转存区；在避让区和转存区内都设有起升机构和侧向传接机构；
    当避让区内的起升机构处于下落状态时，由避让区内的引导部承托的载车板可被驱动系统沿引导部移出避让区；
    在交换台内还设置有侧向传接机构；交换台内的载车板可由侧向传接机构向避让区移送；避让区内的已升起的起升机构和侧向传接机构可承托并接收由交换台移送过来的载车板，再使该载车板下落到避让区内的引导部；转存区内的起升机构可升起并承托载车板，使该载车板脱离 引导部，再由侧向传接机构将该载车板向交换台移送；交换台的侧向传接机构可接收由转存区移送过来的载车板。
  8. 根据权利要求3所述的平面移动式停车设备，其特征在于，
    所述交换台包括：纵向相对的前端口和后端口；所述取通道分为前段取通道和后段取通道；交换台的前端口与前段取通道的后端口纵向对接连通，交换台的后端口与后段取通道的前端口纵向对接连通；
    交换台内的两侧设有用于承托和引导载车板的纵向的引导部；交换台内的引导部可与前段取通道和后段取通道内的引导部纵向对接连通；
    在前段取通道的后端区域和后段取通道的前端区域都设置了暂存区；在暂存区设有起升机构和侧向传接机构；
    在存通道中与暂存区侧向对正的区域设置了避让区，在避让区中设置了起升机构和侧向传接机构；
    当避让区内的起升机构处于下落状态时，由避让区内的引导部承托的载车板可被驱动系统沿引导部移出避让区；暂存区内的起升机构可升起引导部上的载车板，使该载车板脱离引导部，再由侧向传接机构将该载车板向相邻的处于空置状态的避让区移送；处于空置状态的避让区内的已升起的起升机构和侧向传接机构可承托并接收由侧方移送过来的载车板，并可使该载车板下落到避让区内的引导部；
    当空置的暂存区内的起升机构处于下落状态时，载车板可被驱动系统沿取通道内的引导部移至暂存区；
    当空置的暂存区内的起升机构处于下落状态时，交换台内的引导部上的载车板可被驱动系统移至这个空置的暂存区内的引导部上；
    当暂存区内的起升机构处于下落状态时，该暂存区内的引导部上的载车板可被驱动系统移至空置的交换区内的引导部上。
  9. 根据权利要求2所述的平面移动式停车设备，其特征在于，
    所述侧向搬运车横跨所述存通道和取通道的存车空间的上方，并可沿纵向轨道移动；
    侧向搬运车包括：可在取通道与相邻的存通道之间往复横移的提升和转移机构；
    当侧向搬运车的提升和转移机构移至存通道内的一个载车板上方对正位置后，该提升和转移机构可将该载车板及其所载车辆提升到脱离引导部的高度，再横移并向下放置到取通道的引导部上。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的平面移动式停车设备，其特征在于，
    所述载车板设有载车板顶棚；
    载车板顶棚的侧部通过支柱与载车板的侧梁相连；
    载车板顶棚的上部设有挂钩；
    所述侧向搬运车的提升和转移机构可勾住载车板顶棚上部的挂钩，并将载车板整体提升到脱落引导部的高度，再横移并向下放置到取通道的引导部上。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的平面移动式停车设备，其特征在于，
    所述的载车板设有顶棚；载车板顶棚的侧部通过支柱与载车板的侧梁相连。
  12. 根据权利要求2所述的平面移动式停车设备，其特征在于，所述载车板驱动和制动系统，包括取通道内的具有﹥1‰并﹤5‰的坡度，且坡向所述交换台的引导部；还包括设有限制载车板沿具有坡度的引导部溜行的速度的限速装置和设置在邻近交换台处的限位制动装置。
  13. 根据权利要求2至12之一所述的平面移动式停车设备，其特征在于，
    还包括：车辆出入层；
    所述交换台设置在包含导轨的升降井道内；升降井道连通所述车辆存放层和车辆出入层；交换台可在车辆存放层与车辆出入层之间升降运行。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的平面移动式停车设备，其特征在于，
    所述交换台设有侧向传接机构；
    车辆出入层包括设有侧向传接机构的左停车台和右停车台；
    当交换台与车辆出入层平层时，交换台的左侧对接左停车台，交换台的右侧对接右停车台；交换台内的载车板可被侧向传接机构移入左停车台或右停车台；同时，右停车台或左停车台内的载车板可被侧向传接机构移入交换台。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的平面移动式停车设备，其特征在于，
    所述车辆出入层位于所述车辆存放层的下方；
    所述升降井道底部设有可承载载车板的升降桥，升降桥上设有侧向传接机构；
    当所述交换台与所述左停车台和所述右停车台平层对接时，降至低 位的可载有空置的载车板的升降桥位于交换台的下方空间中；
    当交换台上升后，升降桥可升至与左停车台和右停车台平层对接的位置；
    当升降桥与左停车台和右停车台平层对接后，升降桥内的载车板被侧向传接机构移入左停车台或右停车台，右停车台或左停车台内的空载的载车板可被侧向传接机构移入升降桥内，并可随升降桥降至低位。
  16. 根据权利要求14所述的平面移动式停车设备，其特征在于，
    所述车辆出入层位于所述车辆存放层的上方；
    所述升降井道顶部设有可承载载车板的升降桥，升降桥上设有侧向传接机构；
    当载有载车板和车辆的所述交换台与所述左停车台和所述右停车台平层对接时，已升至高位的升降桥位于交换台的载车板及其所载车辆的上方空间中；
    当交换台下降后，升降桥可降至与左停车台和右停车台平层对接的位置；
    当升降桥与左停车台和右停车台平层对接后，升降桥内的载车板被侧向传接机构移入左停车台或右停车台，右停车台或左停车台内的载车板可被侧向传接机构移入升降桥内，并可随升降桥升至高位。
  17. 根据权利要求13所述的平面移动式停车设备，其特征在于，
    所述交换台包括：纵向相对的前端口和后端口；
    所述交换台内的两侧设有用于承托和引导载车板的纵向的引导部；
    所述车辆出入层包括：前停车台和后停车台；所述前停车台内和后停车台内的两侧都设有用于承托和引导载车板的纵向的引导部；
    当交换台与车辆出入层平层时，交换台的前端口与前停车台的后端对接，交换台的后端口与后停车台的前端对接，并且，交换台的引导部与前停车台和后停车台的引导部相互对接连通；交换台内的载车板可被驱动系统沿引导部移入前停车台或者后停车台，前停车台内或者后停车台内的载车板可被驱动系统沿引导部移入交换台。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的平面移动式停车设备，其特征在于，
    所述车辆出入层位于所述车辆存放层的下方；
    所述升降井道底部设有可停放载车板的升降桥；升降桥内的两侧都设有用于承托和引导载车板的纵向的引导部；
    当所述交换台与所述前停车台和所述后停车台平层对接时，已降至低位的升降桥位于交换台的下方空间中；
    当交换台上升后，升降桥可升至与前停车台和后停车台平层对接的位置；并且，升降桥的引导部与前停车台和后停车台的引导部相互对接连通；
    当升降桥与前停车台和后停车台平层对接后，升降桥内的载车板可被驱动系统沿引导部移入前停车台或后停车台，后停车台或前停车台内的空载的载车板可被驱动系统沿引导部移入升降桥内，并可随升降桥降至低位。
  19. 根据权利要求17所述的平面移动式停车设备，其特征在于，
    所述车辆出入层位于车辆存放层的上方；
    所述升降井道顶部设有可停放载车板的升降桥；升降桥内的两侧都设有用于承托和引导载车板的纵向的引导部；
    当所述交换台与所述前停车台和所述后停车台平层对接时，已升至高位的升降桥位于交换台的载车板及其所载车辆的上方空间中；
    当交换台下降后，升降桥可降至与前停车台和后停车台平层对接的位置；
    当升降桥与前停车台和后停车台平层对接后，升降桥内的载车板可被驱动系统沿引导部移入前停车台或后停车台，后停车台或前停车台内的载车板可被驱动系统沿引导部移入升降桥内，并可随升降桥升至高位。
  20. 根据权利要求17所述的平面移动式停车设备，其特征在于，
    所述车辆出入层并排设置了三个地面传送台，其中，中间的地面传送台位于所述升降井道底部；
    一个靠边的地面传送台与行车道齐平相连；
    各地面传送台上都设有侧向传接机构；
    下降到低位的交换台的载车板轨道可沉入地面传送台之间的间隙中。
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