WO2021240206A1 - Enzalutamide formulation - Google Patents

Enzalutamide formulation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021240206A1
WO2021240206A1 PCT/IB2020/054919 IB2020054919W WO2021240206A1 WO 2021240206 A1 WO2021240206 A1 WO 2021240206A1 IB 2020054919 W IB2020054919 W IB 2020054919W WO 2021240206 A1 WO2021240206 A1 WO 2021240206A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
polymer
enzalutamide
premix
pharmaceutical composition
composition according
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2020/054919
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Amber LAI (Chieh-Shan)
Yogesh Sevaramji Gattani
Dilshad Ahmad
Vijender Gupta
Manish Chawla
Original Assignee
Lotus International Pte. Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by Lotus International Pte. Ltd. filed Critical Lotus International Pte. Ltd.
Priority to PCT/IB2020/054919 priority Critical patent/WO2021240206A1/en
Publication of WO2021240206A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021240206A1/en

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/20Pills, tablets, discs, rods
    • A61K9/2004Excipients; Inactive ingredients
    • A61K9/2022Organic macromolecular compounds
    • A61K9/205Polysaccharides, e.g. alginate, gums; Cyclodextrin
    • A61K9/2054Cellulose; Cellulose derivatives, e.g. hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/20Pills, tablets, discs, rods
    • A61K9/2004Excipients; Inactive ingredients
    • A61K9/2022Organic macromolecular compounds
    • A61K9/2027Organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyvinyl pyrrolidone, poly(meth)acrylates
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/20Pills, tablets, discs, rods
    • A61K9/2004Excipients; Inactive ingredients
    • A61K9/2022Organic macromolecular compounds
    • A61K9/2031Organic macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyethylene glycol, polyethylene oxide, poloxamers
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/20Pills, tablets, discs, rods
    • A61K9/2072Pills, tablets, discs, rods characterised by shape, structure or size; Tablets with holes, special break lines or identification marks; Partially coated tablets; Disintegrating flat shaped forms
    • A61K9/2077Tablets comprising drug-containing microparticles in a substantial amount of supporting matrix; Multiparticulate tablets

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a new composition of enzalutamide which obviates the poor solubility of enzalutamide by preparing premix with polymers.
  • a significant advantage of the composition of the invention is that it enables to modulate enzalutamide dissolution rate.
  • Enzalutamide chemical name 4- ⁇ 3-[4-cyano-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-5,5-dimethyl-4-oxo-2- sulfanylideneimiidazolidin-l-yl ⁇ -2-fluoro-N-methylbenzymide, is a white to off-white, non- hygroscopic crystalline solid. It is practically insoluble in aqueous media between pH 1-11 but has high permeability and is classified as BCS class II drug. Thus, the major problem of the active pharmaceutical substance are its dissolution characteristics rather than its absorption.
  • enzalutamide is sold under the brand name Xtandi.
  • Xtandi is indicated for the treatment of adult men with high-risk non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC); the treatment of adult men with metastatic CRPC who are asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic after failure of androgen deprivation therapy in whom chemotherapy is not yet clinically indicated; and the treatment of adult men with metastatic CRPC whose disease has progressed on or after docetaxel therapy.
  • CRPC non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer
  • RD 162' enza1utamid
  • salts thereof and its use in treatment of prostate cancer.
  • Recommended daily dose is 160 mg enzalutamide.
  • a composition with best bioavailability is in the form of enzalutamide solution in soft gelatine capsules.
  • Maximum dose of enzalutamide in one capsule is only 40 mg.
  • a new formulation i.e. film-coated tablets of strength 40 and 80 mg were made available.
  • Enzalutamide daily dose is four 40 mg soft capsules or film-coated tablets, or two 80 mg film-coated tablets once a day.
  • amorphous solid state offers improved apparent solubility and dissolution rate due to the lower energy barrier required to dissolve molecules and hence transformation of crystalline drug into amorphous is widely employed for increasing solubility.
  • drug is incorporated as molecular dispersion in a glass polymeric matrix, stabilized by physical separation of molecules inside the polymer chains.
  • Polymers act as stabilizers by decreasing molecular mobility, and hence inhibit nucleation and crystal growth, while molecular drug-polymer interactions can further inhibit recrystallization.
  • WO 2014043208 proposes a composition of enzalutamide with an increased solubility.
  • the composition contains an enzalutamide solid dispersion with a polymer.
  • the polymer HPMCAS is strongly preferred in this document. Only one tested example was close to the solubility of known soft gelatine capsules with Labrasol solution, which was 25% enzalutamide in the solid dispersion in HPMCAS-M.
  • the release behaviour of the solid dispersion of HPMCAS-M is pH dependent.
  • solid dispersions with Eudragit showed a decreased enzalutamide solubility
  • solid dispersions with PVP VA64 showed an unsatisfactory release profile.
  • WO 2018199282 discloses an orally administrable pharmaceutical composition containing enzalutamide and polyvinyl alcohol solid dispersion, especially prepared by hot melt extrusion. Unlike the preferred compositions according to the document W02014043208, compositions with polyvinyl alcohol show a pH independent release.
  • the present invention aims at providing an oral pharmaceutical composition allowing a sufficient drug loading, improved bioavailability, and offering the possibility to modulate enzalutamide dissolution rate.
  • the present invention focuses on providing a pharmaceutical composition comprising enzalutamide as the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) with improved bioavailability.
  • Strategies according to this invention include a formulation including a combination of solubilizer and wetting agent and a formulation comprising an API-polymer premix.
  • the polymer premix may be formed by evaporation, fluid bed processing, or spray drying.
  • the pharmaceutical composition contains enzalutamide, at least one solubilizer, at least one wetting agent, and at least one further pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.
  • Enzalutamide may be crystalline (e.g., Form A) or amorphous.
  • Solubilizers include poloxamers (polyethylene-propylene glycol copolymer), soluplus (polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate -polyethylene glycol graft copolymer), tweens (polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate), meglumine, gelcucires (lauroyl macrogol-32 glycerid, stearoyl macrogol-32 glycerides, polyethylene glycol monostearate), and/or sodium lauryl sulfate. Poloxamers and polyvinylpyrrolidone are especially preferred.
  • the wetting agent may be sodium lauryl sulfate, labrasols (caprylocaproyl macrogol-8 glycerides), medium-chain trigycerides, liquid polyethylene glycol (e.g. PEG400), and/or transcutol (diethylene glycol monoethyl ether).
  • the pharmaceutical composition contains an enzalutamide -polymer premix wherein the polymer may be an anionic polymer and/or a non-ionic polymer.
  • the polymer is preferably selected from poly vinylpyrrolidone (povidone), vinyl pyrrolidone - vinyl acetate copolymer (kollidon VA), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose esters, co-polymer of methacrylic acid and ethyl acrylate (Eudragit).
  • the premix may contain one or more polymers.
  • the mass ratio of enzalutamide to the at least one polymer in the premix is preferably 1:1 to 1:4.
  • the premix is formed by evaporation of solvent(s), by fluid bed processing, and/or by spray drying. Spray drying is a preferred method.
  • the present invention relates to a composition
  • a composition comprising enzalutamide as an active ingredient in a premix with a mixture of polymers, said mixture of polymers including at least one acid resistant anionic polymer (AP) and at least one non-ionic polymer (NP), and optionally a filler.
  • the composition of the invention may further comprise pharmaceutical acceptable excipients.
  • the composition of this particular aspect has an improved bioavailability, and additionally allows to modulate the dissolution and release behaviour of the pharmaceutical formulation.
  • premix is understood as a solid or semi-solid mixture, in which small particles of the active ingredient are homogenously dispersed within a continuous phase formed by an excipient, in the present invention the excipient is a polymer.
  • the particles are at the molecular level; this dispersion is called “molecular dispersion”.
  • a premix is typically prepared by spray drying, but may be prepared also by other procedures such as fluid bed processing or evaporation.
  • the premix may be in the form of a granulate.
  • composition according to the particular aspect of the invention releases the API pH dependently, the ratio of the polymers can modulate the drug releasing curve. This allows the skilled person to develop tailor the properties of the compositions as needed and as required.
  • the examples of the present invention show several compositions which were designed to achieve more specific dissolution curves.
  • the invention also provides mass ratios of the active ingredient enzalutamide (API), the at least one anionic polymer (AP), and the at least one non-ionic polymer (NP).
  • the ratio of the API and the total polymer amount (NP +AP), API: (NP+AP) is from 1 : 4 to 1 : 2, preferably from 1 : 3.5 to 1 : 2.5 , while the ratio of polymers NP:AP is preferably from 1:1 to 3:1.
  • API: NP: AP ratios from 1 : 3 : 0.5 to 1 : 1 : 2, preferably from 1: 2 : 1 to 1: 1.5 : 1.5.
  • API : NP: AP ratio can be 1: 1.875: 1.125.
  • the NP is a co-polymer of vinyl pyrolidone and vinyl acetate (such as Kollidone VA64).
  • the AP is a co-polymer of methacrylic acid and ethyl acrylate (1 :1) (such as Eudragit LI 00 or Eudragit L100-55).
  • the optional filler present in the formulation is preferably microcrystalline cellulose and/or croscarmellose sodium.
  • ratio of the microcrystalline cellulose mass (MCC) and/or croscarmellose sodium (CCS) to the total polymer mass (NP+AP) in the premix is between 1 : 1 and 1 : 3.
  • MCC microcrystalline cellulose mass
  • CCS croscarmellose sodium
  • NP+AP total polymer mass
  • the composition according to the invention contains one or more further pharmaceutical acceptable excipients.
  • the preferred excipients are at least one filler, at least one disintegrant, at least one glidant and/or at least one lubricant.
  • the most preferred further excipients are microcrystalline cellulose, croscarmellose, colloidal silica and magnesium stearate.
  • the composition is further packed preferably in ALU- ALU blisters.
  • composition of the present invention is preferably an oral composition, most preferably a tablet or a coated tablet.
  • the invention also relates to a method of preparation of the composition according to the invention.
  • the composition according to the invention is prepared from the enzalutamide premix by its mixing with the other ingredients its compression and coating.
  • the premix can be prepared by evaporating a solution of API and the polymer(s); or spraying the polymer(s) and the API solution to the fluid bed or preferably by spray drying a solution or suspension of the API and the polymer(s) and, optionally, the filler.
  • the resulting pre-mix or dispersion may then be blended and optionally tableted into the final form.
  • Solvent for the evaporation or fluid drying or spray draying in which enzalutamide and the polymer(s) are soluble, and which exhibits suitable boiling point, is selected.
  • the solvent has to be liquid at room temperature (20 deg. C) at normal atmospheric pressure.
  • the solvent is selected from ketones, alcohols, esters, and mixtures thereof. Lor example, acetone or a mixture of acetone and methanol can be used.
  • enzalutamide tablets or coated tablets are prepared using spray drying technique and using a combination of two polymers, a non-pH dependent polymer/non-ionic polymer (Kollidon VA 64 which is a copolymer of l-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone and vinyl acetate in the ratio of 6 : 4 of the molecular weight 45000 to 70000 Da) and a pH dependent/anionic polymer (Eudragit L100-55, which is a co-polymer of ethyl acrylate and methacrylic acid in the ratio 1 : 1, of the molecular weight about 32000 Da).
  • Kollidon VA 64 which is a copolymer of l-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone and vinyl acetate in the ratio of 6 : 4 of the molecular weight 45000 to 70000 Da
  • a pH dependent/anionic polymer Eudragit L100-55, which is a co-polymer of ethyl acrylate and methacryl
  • the pharmaceutical composition comprising 10-15 wt.% of enzalutamide, 18-25 wt.% of co-polymer of vinyl pyrrolidone and vinyl acetate (such as KoIIidon VA64), 10-20 wt.% of co-polymer of methacrylic acid and ethyl acrylate (such as Eudragit L100-55); 25-55 wt.% of microcrystalline cellulose, 7-13 wt.% of crocarmellose sodium, 0.5-2 wt.% colloidal anhydrous silica and 0.5-2 wt.% magnesium stearate.
  • the premix is preferably prepared by spray drying.
  • the composition is preferably in the form of a tablet or of a core of a coated tablet.
  • Eudragit L100-55 solubility point is around pH 5.5, thus Eudragit L100-55 is insoluble in gastric fluid but swells and dissolves rapidly in the upper intestine.
  • Molecular weight of KoIIidon VA 64 (45- 70 kDa) is particularly suitable to achieve an excellent amorphization by spray drying.
  • Both KoIIidon VA 64 (Tg 107) and Eudragit L100-55 (Tg 110) have high Tg, and thus their use results in a high Tg of the amorphized drug formulation which prevents re -crystallization.
  • the composition according to the invention combines the rapid dissolution of enzalutamide in the premix with Eudragit LI 00-55 and the stabilization effect of the KoIIidon VA 64 (protecting enzalutamide from reverse crystallization) at pH 6.8 demonstrated the Example 4, Figure 10.
  • the polymers exhibit a synergic effect.
  • Figure 1 Dissolution profile of the formulation of the crystalline enzalutamide with solubilizer and wetting agent in 0.1 N HC1 + 0.3%CTAB
  • Figure 2 Process flowchart of premix preparation prepared by evaporation
  • Figure 3 XRD record for polymer screening (KohidonVA64 and PovidoneK30)
  • Figure 6 Dissolution profiles (in 0.1N HC1 + 0.05%CTAB) of compositions prepared from evaporated premixes
  • Figure 7 Dissolution profiles (in 0.1N HC1 + 0.05%CTAB) of compositions prepared by fluid bed
  • Figure 8 Dissolution profiles (at pFl 6.8 + 0.05%CTAB) of compositions prepared by fluid bed
  • Figure 9 Dissolution profiles in 0.1N F1C1 with 0.05%CTAB comparisons for all batches prepared by fluid bed with MCC and CCS as an adsorbent
  • Figure 10 Dissolution profiles in pF16.8 buffer with 0.05%CTAB; comparisons for all batches prepared by fluid bed with MCC and CCS as an adsorbent
  • Figure 11 Dissolution data in changing medium - the first 60 minutes in 0.1 N F1C1 with 0.3%CTAB and the second 60 minutes in pF16.8 buffer with 0.3%CTAB tested compositions prepared by spray drying technology
  • Figure 12 Dissolution data in changing medium - the first 60 minutes in 0.1N F1C1 with 0.3%CTAB and the second 30 minutes in pF16.8 buffer with 0.3%CTAB tested compositions prepared by spray drying technology with a polymer mixture Kollidon VA64 and Eudragit L100-55. This represents an example of modulation of dissolution behaviour using the especially preferred composition according to the invention, in this case the same dissolution curve was achieved as the best composition described in WO2014043208 A.
  • Example 1 Formulation comprising a solubilizer and a wetting agent
  • solubilizers were evaluated to observe the impact on solubility of enzalutamide API.
  • solubilizers and co-solvents evaluated for improving API solubility.
  • Process of preparation Take 3 g of the solubilizer in to 100 g of water, stir for at least 10 mins until the solubilizer dissolves completely. Add Enzalutamide into solution gradually and record the weight, then calculate the solubility as mg in mL solution (3% solution).
  • Caprylocaproyl macrogol-8 glycerides (Labrasol); Medium-chain triglycerides (MCT); Polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400); Transcutol® HP (Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether).
  • Process of preparation Prepare the co-solvent as required %, stir for at least 10 mins until solution mixes completely. For example, to acquire 90:10 co-solvent of Acetone: Methanol, take 90 g of acetone and 10 g of methanol, mix well. Add Enzalutamide into the co-solvent with solubilizer directly and record the weight, then calculate the solubility as mg in mL solution.
  • crystalline enzalutamide was formulated, using Poloxamer 188 and Povidone K30 as solubilizers; and SLS as wetting agent in the formulation to improve the solubility.
  • Process of preparation by wet granulation (fluid bed processor): API and excipients were weighed according to Table 3.
  • Solution I Polyxamer 188 in water
  • Solution II Purdone K30 and SLS in water
  • Enzalutamide and intra granular excipients were sieved by #20 mesh, put into fluid bed processor, and wet granulation with solution I was performed. Once solution I was completed, solution II was added. The product was dried until LOD value to 1-3% and the granules were sieved by #30 mesh. This was followed by final blending, compression and coating.
  • the stirring rate would be defined as 75 rpm for further testing because the data indicates the dissolved enzalutamide reaches 100% at 45 mins. Moreover, the discriminatory power of dissolution parameter should be considered, thus the stirring rate would prefer to choose 75 rpm instead of 100 rpm to reduce the art effect.
  • Example 2 Preparation of Premix containing API and one polymer, by evaporation
  • Process of preparation (also see Figure 2): Prepare 90:10 solvent of Acetone: Methanol by takin 90 g of acetone and 10 g of methanol, mix both well. Add enzalutamide into the solvent with polymer (see Table 4 for list of polymers and ratios) directly and stir until API dissolves completely. Pour the solution on a stainless plate, evaporate in oven at 60°C until premix is obtained. Collect the premix samples, in case of testing, subject to tests. In case of preparation of formulation (see Table 6), blend with extra-granular excipients, which is followed by final blending, compression, coating.
  • Kollidon VA64, Povidone K30, HPMC-AS, HPMC E5P, Eudragit L100 and Eudragit L100-55 were chosen for further evaluation because the appearance remains transparent at high ratio.
  • XRD was used to evaluate the polymorphism of API. All results are summarized in the figures 3; 4; and 5.
  • Figure 3 shows that there is no peak (obvious major peak) in KollidonVA64.
  • batch with povidoneK30 shows small peak generation at specific 2-theta after stress conditions (open exposure at 50°C/75% RH) for 14 days.
  • Figure 4 shows that there is no peak (obvious major peak) in HPMC-AS which innovator used.
  • batch with HPMC E5P shows small peak generation at specific 2-theta from initial and for 14 days under open exposure condition (50°C/75% RH).
  • Figure 5 shows that there is no peak (obvious major peak) in both Eudragit L100 and Eudragit L100-55 batches after under open exposure condition at 50°C/75% RH for 14 days.
  • Example 3 Preparation of Premix containing API and one polymer, by fluid bed (all excipients are extragranular)
  • Table 6 Compositions prepared using premix produced by fluid bed drying
  • Dissolution profiles of the compositions listed in the table 6 in 0.1 N HC1 + 0.05% CTAB are shown in Figure 7 and the same in a buffer pH 6.8+ 0.05% CTAB in Figure 8.
  • Example 4 Preparation of Premix containing API and one polymer, by fluid bed (MCC and CCS are intragranular, all other excipients are extragranular)
  • Process of preparation Starting materials materials according to Table 7 were weighed. API and polymer were dissolved in solvent, the mixture was subjected to wet granulation with MCC and CCS in fluid bed processor. This was followed by blending with extra-granular excipients, final blending, compression and coating.
  • Table 7 Compositions of formulations
  • Dissolution profiles of the compositions from the table 7 in 0.1N HC1 with 0.05%CTAB are shown in Figure 9 and in pH 6.8 buffer with 0.05%CTAB in Figure 10.
  • the formulations have a lower flowability.
  • DT (disintegration time) of KollidonVA64 1:1 and 1:2 is around 2-4min whereas for 1:3 ratio is 20- 23min because of increase in polymer ratio in composition.
  • Eudragit L100-55 starts dispersing at pH 5.5 whereas L100 starts at pH 6.0 hence the release rate is low in acid media.
  • Example 5 Compositions with Premix of enzalutamide prepared by spray drying technology
  • Dissolution profiles of the coated tablets from the table 12 prepared from the premixes of the table 11 are shown in Figure 11.
  • Medium of the dissolution tests was 0. IN HC1 with 0.3%CTAB for the first 60 minutes, then changed to pH6.8 buffer with 0.3%CTAB for the second 60 minutes.
  • the Carr Index (Cl) of spray dried material is over 40%, thus it means that the flowability of blend is extremely poor.
  • the Hausner Ratio (HR) of lubricated blend is significantly improved after adding the extra-granular excipients (in particular lubricant) compared to spray dried material.
  • Example 6 Compositions comprising premix prepared by spray drying, using a combination of polymers
  • Example 5 The same procedure as in Example 5 has been used for preparation of the following compositions.
  • Dissolution profiles of the coated tablets having the compositions shown in Table 14 are shown in Figure 12.
  • Medium for the dissolution tests was 0.1N HC1 with 0.3%CTAB for the first 60 minutes, then changed to pH6.8 buffer with 0.3%CTAB for the next 30 minutes.
  • These formulations show a very good bioavailability, have the desired dissolution profile, and allow to fine-tune it as needed by choosing a suitable polymer ratio.
  • Example 7 Compositions comprising premix prepared by spray drying, using a combination of polymers
  • Premix manufacturing by Spray Drying All raw materials for Premix (API, Eudragit, Kollidon, intragranular MCC) were weighed according to Table 15, and dissolved in acetone and stirred at 200- 1500 rpm, for 1-2 hours at laboratory temperature. The solution/dispersion was spray dried (under the same spray drying conditions as in Example 5, Table 13, LP111-011). The spray dried premix was sieved through #20 mesh.
  • Blending and Lubrication Extragranular excipients (except lubricant) were weighed according to Table 15 and sieved through #30 mesh. The excipients were loaded together with the spray dried premix into a non-shear blender and mixed for at 10-30 rpm for 20-30 mins. Magnesium stearate was transferred into the blender and the mixture was mixed at 10-30 rpm for 20-30 mins.
  • Coating solution was prepared by adding Opadry Yellow 03F620118 into purified water under stirring for at least 1 hour. Core tablets were transferred into a coating pan, prewarmed and coated up to a weight gain of about 3.08% w/w using the coating solution.
  • the coated tablets were packed in ALU/ALU blister pack.

Abstract

The present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising enzalutamide, at least one anionic polymer and/or at least one non-ionic polymer; and optionally further pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.

Description

Enzalutamide Formulation
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a new composition of enzalutamide which obviates the poor solubility of enzalutamide by preparing premix with polymers. A significant advantage of the composition of the invention is that it enables to modulate enzalutamide dissolution rate.
Background Art
Enzalutamide, chemical name 4-{3-[4-cyano-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-5,5-dimethyl-4-oxo-2- sulfanylideneimiidazolidin-l-yl}-2-fluoro-N-methylbenzymide, is a white to off-white, non- hygroscopic crystalline solid. It is practically insoluble in aqueous media between pH 1-11 but has high permeability and is classified as BCS class II drug. Thus, the major problem of the active pharmaceutical substance are its dissolution characteristics rather than its absorption.
Currently, enzalutamide is sold under the brand name Xtandi. Xtandi is indicated for the treatment of adult men with high-risk non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC); the treatment of adult men with metastatic CRPC who are asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic after failure of androgen deprivation therapy in whom chemotherapy is not yet clinically indicated; and the treatment of adult men with metastatic CRPC whose disease has progressed on or after docetaxel therapy. WO 2006124118 claims enza1utamid (RD 162'), salts thereof, and its use in treatment of prostate cancer. Recommended daily dose is 160 mg enzalutamide. A composition with best bioavailability is in the form of enzalutamide solution in soft gelatine capsules. Maximum dose of enzalutamide in one capsule is only 40 mg. Recently, a new formulation i.e. film-coated tablets of strength 40 and 80 mg were made available. Enzalutamide daily dose is four 40 mg soft capsules or film-coated tablets, or two 80 mg film-coated tablets once a day.
Generally, amorphous solid state offers improved apparent solubility and dissolution rate due to the lower energy barrier required to dissolve molecules and hence transformation of crystalline drug into amorphous is widely employed for increasing solubility. In the polymeric SDs, drug is incorporated as molecular dispersion in a glass polymeric matrix, stabilized by physical separation of molecules inside the polymer chains. Polymers act as stabilizers by decreasing molecular mobility, and hence inhibit nucleation and crystal growth, while molecular drug-polymer interactions can further inhibit recrystallization.
WO 2014043208 proposes a composition of enzalutamide with an increased solubility. The composition contains an enzalutamide solid dispersion with a polymer. Specifically, the polymer HPMCAS is strongly preferred in this document. Only one tested example was close to the solubility of known soft gelatine capsules with Labrasol solution, which was 25% enzalutamide in the solid dispersion in HPMCAS-M. The release behaviour of the solid dispersion of HPMCAS-M is pH dependent. In particular, solid dispersions with Eudragit showed a decreased enzalutamide solubility, and solid dispersions with PVP VA64 showed an unsatisfactory release profile.
WO 2018199282 discloses an orally administrable pharmaceutical composition containing enzalutamide and polyvinyl alcohol solid dispersion, especially prepared by hot melt extrusion. Unlike the preferred compositions according to the document W02014043208, compositions with polyvinyl alcohol show a pH independent release.
The present invention aims at providing an oral pharmaceutical composition allowing a sufficient drug loading, improved bioavailability, and offering the possibility to modulate enzalutamide dissolution rate.
Disclosure of the Invention
The present invention focuses on providing a pharmaceutical composition comprising enzalutamide as the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) with improved bioavailability. Strategies according to this invention include a formulation including a combination of solubilizer and wetting agent and a formulation comprising an API-polymer premix. The polymer premix may be formed by evaporation, fluid bed processing, or spray drying.
In one aspect of the invention, the pharmaceutical composition contains enzalutamide, at least one solubilizer, at least one wetting agent, and at least one further pharmaceutically acceptable excipient. Enzalutamide may be crystalline (e.g., Form A) or amorphous.
Solubilizers include poloxamers (polyethylene-propylene glycol copolymer), soluplus (polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate -polyethylene glycol graft copolymer), tweens (polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate), meglumine, gelcucires (lauroyl macrogol-32 glycerid, stearoyl macrogol-32 glycerides, polyethylene glycol monostearate), and/or sodium lauryl sulfate. Poloxamers and polyvinylpyrrolidone are especially preferred. The wetting agent may be sodium lauryl sulfate, labrasols (caprylocaproyl macrogol-8 glycerides), medium-chain trigycerides, liquid polyethylene glycol (e.g. PEG400), and/or transcutol (diethylene glycol monoethyl ether).
In another aspect of the invention, the pharmaceutical composition contains an enzalutamide -polymer premix wherein the polymer may be an anionic polymer and/or a non-ionic polymer. The polymer is preferably selected from poly vinylpyrrolidone (povidone), vinyl pyrrolidone - vinyl acetate copolymer (kollidon VA), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose esters, co-polymer of methacrylic acid and ethyl acrylate (Eudragit). The premix may contain one or more polymers.
The mass ratio of enzalutamide to the at least one polymer in the premix is preferably 1:1 to 1:4. The premix is formed by evaporation of solvent(s), by fluid bed processing, and/or by spray drying. Spray drying is a preferred method.
In a particular aspect, the present invention relates to a composition comprising enzalutamide as an active ingredient in a premix with a mixture of polymers, said mixture of polymers including at least one acid resistant anionic polymer (AP) and at least one non-ionic polymer (NP), and optionally a filler. The composition of the invention may further comprise pharmaceutical acceptable excipients. The composition of this particular aspect has an improved bioavailability, and additionally allows to modulate the dissolution and release behaviour of the pharmaceutical formulation.
The term “premix” is understood as a solid or semi-solid mixture, in which small particles of the active ingredient are homogenously dispersed within a continuous phase formed by an excipient, in the present invention the excipient is a polymer. Preferably, the particles are at the molecular level; this dispersion is called “molecular dispersion”. A premix is typically prepared by spray drying, but may be prepared also by other procedures such as fluid bed processing or evaporation.
The premix may be in the form of a granulate.
The composition according to the particular aspect of the invention releases the API pH dependently, the ratio of the polymers can modulate the drug releasing curve. This allows the skilled person to develop tailor the properties of the compositions as needed and as required. The examples of the present invention show several compositions which were designed to achieve more specific dissolution curves.
In a preferred embodiment, the invention also provides mass ratios of the active ingredient enzalutamide (API), the at least one anionic polymer (AP), and the at least one non-ionic polymer (NP). The ratio of the API and the total polymer amount (NP +AP), API: (NP+AP) is from 1 : 4 to 1 : 2, preferably from 1 : 3.5 to 1 : 2.5 , while the ratio of polymers NP:AP is preferably from 1:1 to 3:1.
The specific invention embodiments are API: NP: AP ratios from 1 : 3 : 0.5 to 1 : 1 : 2, preferably from 1: 2 : 1 to 1: 1.5 : 1.5. For example, the API : NP: AP ratio can be 1: 1.875: 1.125.
Preferably, the NP is a co-polymer of vinyl pyrolidone and vinyl acetate (such as Kollidone VA64). Preferably, the AP is a co-polymer of methacrylic acid and ethyl acrylate (1 :1) (such as Eudragit LI 00 or Eudragit L100-55). The optional filler present in the formulation is preferably microcrystalline cellulose and/or croscarmellose sodium.
Preferably, ratio of the microcrystalline cellulose mass (MCC) and/or croscarmellose sodium (CCS) to the total polymer mass (NP+AP) in the premix is between 1 : 1 and 1 : 3. Especially preferred ratio MCC: (NP+AP) is 1 : 2.
The composition according to the invention contains one or more further pharmaceutical acceptable excipients. The preferred excipients are at least one filler, at least one disintegrant, at least one glidant and/or at least one lubricant. The most preferred further excipients are microcrystalline cellulose, croscarmellose, colloidal silica and magnesium stearate. The composition is further packed preferably in ALU- ALU blisters.
The composition of the present invention is preferably an oral composition, most preferably a tablet or a coated tablet.
The invention also relates to a method of preparation of the composition according to the invention. The composition according to the invention is prepared from the enzalutamide premix by its mixing with the other ingredients its compression and coating. The premix can be prepared by evaporating a solution of API and the polymer(s); or spraying the polymer(s) and the API solution to the fluid bed or preferably by spray drying a solution or suspension of the API and the polymer(s) and, optionally, the filler. The resulting pre-mix or dispersion may then be blended and optionally tableted into the final form.
Solvent for the evaporation or fluid drying or spray draying, in which enzalutamide and the polymer(s) are soluble, and which exhibits suitable boiling point, is selected. The solvent has to be liquid at room temperature (20 deg. C) at normal atmospheric pressure. Preferably and in particular for spray drying, the solvent is selected from ketones, alcohols, esters, and mixtures thereof. Lor example, acetone or a mixture of acetone and methanol can be used.
According to a particularly preferred embodiment, enzalutamide tablets or coated tablets are prepared using spray drying technique and using a combination of two polymers, a non-pH dependent polymer/non-ionic polymer (Kollidon VA 64 which is a copolymer of l-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone and vinyl acetate in the ratio of 6 : 4 of the molecular weight 45000 to 70000 Da) and a pH dependent/anionic polymer (Eudragit L100-55, which is a co-polymer of ethyl acrylate and methacrylic acid in the ratio 1 : 1, of the molecular weight about 32000 Da). The use of combination of these polymers helps to achieve a better amorphization due to tendency to H-bonding as well as ionic interactions; and leads to release at the pH corresponding to the upper intestine.
In a particularly preferred embodiment, the pharmaceutical composition comprising 10-15 wt.% of enzalutamide, 18-25 wt.% of co-polymer of vinyl pyrrolidone and vinyl acetate (such as KoIIidon VA64), 10-20 wt.% of co-polymer of methacrylic acid and ethyl acrylate (such as Eudragit L100-55); 25-55 wt.% of microcrystalline cellulose, 7-13 wt.% of crocarmellose sodium, 0.5-2 wt.% colloidal anhydrous silica and 0.5-2 wt.% magnesium stearate. Enzalutamide, co-polymer of vinyl pyrrolidone and vinyl acetate, co-polymer of methacrylic acid and ethyl acrylate, and optionally a part of the filler form the premix; and the remaining excipients are extragranular. The premix is preferably prepared by spray drying. The composition is preferably in the form of a tablet or of a core of a coated tablet.
Eudragit L100-55 solubility point is around pH 5.5, thus Eudragit L100-55 is insoluble in gastric fluid but swells and dissolves rapidly in the upper intestine. Molecular weight of KoIIidon VA 64 (45- 70 kDa) is particularly suitable to achieve an excellent amorphization by spray drying. Both KoIIidon VA 64 (Tg 107) and Eudragit L100-55 (Tg 110) have high Tg, and thus their use results in a high Tg of the amorphized drug formulation which prevents re -crystallization.
In the specific embodiment, the composition according to the invention combines the rapid dissolution of enzalutamide in the premix with Eudragit LI 00-55 and the stabilization effect of the KoIIidon VA 64 (protecting enzalutamide from reverse crystallization) at pH 6.8 demonstrated the Example 4, Figure 10. Within the preferred ratios recited herein above, the polymers exhibit a synergic effect.
Surprisingly, the both polymers i.e. KoIIidon VA 64 (PVP-VA64) and Eudragit L100-55, when each of them is used alone, were considered unsuitable for enzalutamide formulations in the prior art.
Figure imgf000006_0001
Figure 1: Dissolution profile of the formulation of the crystalline enzalutamide with solubilizer and wetting agent in 0.1 N HC1 + 0.3%CTAB
Figure 2: Process flowchart of premix preparation prepared by evaporation Figure 3: XRD record for polymer screening (KohidonVA64 and PovidoneK30)
Figure 4: XRD record for polymer screening (HPMC-AS and HPMC E5P)
Figure 5: XRD record for polymer screening (Eudragit L100 and Eudragit L100-55)
Figure 6: Dissolution profiles (in 0.1N HC1 + 0.05%CTAB) of compositions prepared from evaporated premixes Figure 7: Dissolution profiles (in 0.1N HC1 + 0.05%CTAB) of compositions prepared by fluid bed Figure 8: Dissolution profiles (at pFl 6.8 + 0.05%CTAB) of compositions prepared by fluid bed Figure 9: Dissolution profiles in 0.1N F1C1 with 0.05%CTAB comparisons for all batches prepared by fluid bed with MCC and CCS as an adsorbent
Figure 10: Dissolution profiles in pF16.8 buffer with 0.05%CTAB; comparisons for all batches prepared by fluid bed with MCC and CCS as an adsorbent
Figure 11: Dissolution data in changing medium - the first 60 minutes in 0.1 N F1C1 with 0.3%CTAB and the second 60 minutes in pF16.8 buffer with 0.3%CTAB tested compositions prepared by spray drying technology
Figure 12: Dissolution data in changing medium - the first 60 minutes in 0.1N F1C1 with 0.3%CTAB and the second 30 minutes in pF16.8 buffer with 0.3%CTAB tested compositions prepared by spray drying technology with a polymer mixture Kollidon VA64 and Eudragit L100-55. This represents an example of modulation of dissolution behaviour using the especially preferred composition according to the invention, in this case the same dissolution curve was achieved as the best composition described in WO2014043208 A.
Figure 13a: XRD record of formulation 3 during stability test (API: Kollidon VA64: Eudragit L100-55= 1:2:1) (Initial)
Figure 13b: XRD record of formulation 3 during stability test (API: Kollidon VA64: Eudragit L100- 55= 1:2:1) (after 2 weeks 50°C/ 75% RH)
Example 1: Formulation comprising a solubilizer and a wetting agent
Various solubilizers, wetting agents and co-solvents were evaluated to observe the impact on solubility of enzalutamide API. Below is a list of solubilizers and co-solvents evaluated for improving API solubility.
Enzalutamide in 3 % solubilizer solution
Process of preparation: Take 3 g of the solubilizer in to 100 g of water, stir for at least 10 mins until the solubilizer dissolves completely. Add Enzalutamide into solution gradually and record the weight, then calculate the solubility as mg in mL solution (3% solution).
Solubilizers tested: Sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS); Poloxamer 188 (polyethylene-propylene glycol copolymer); Poloxamer 407 (polyethylene-propylene glycol copolymer); Soluplus (Polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer); Tween 20 (Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate); Tween 80 (Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate); Meglumine (N- methylglucamine); Gelcucire44/14 (Lauroyl macrogol-32 glycerides); Gelcucire50/13 (Stearoyl macrogol-32 glycerides); Gelcucire48/16 (Polyethylene glycol monostearate)
Enzalutamide in wetting agent
Process of preparation: Add Enzalutamide into wetting agent directly and record the weight, then calculate the solubility as mg in mL solution
Wetting agents tested: Caprylocaproyl macrogol-8 glycerides (Labrasol); Medium-chain triglycerides (MCT); Polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400); Transcutol® HP (Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether).
Enzalutamide in solubilizer with co-solvent
Process of preparation: Prepare the co-solvent as required %, stir for at least 10 mins until solution mixes completely. For example, to acquire 90:10 co-solvent of Acetone: Methanol, take 90 g of acetone and 10 g of methanol, mix well. Add Enzalutamide into the co-solvent with solubilizer directly and record the weight, then calculate the solubility as mg in mL solution.
Tested combinations:
Kollidon VA64 - Solvent: Acetone: Methanol = 90: 10
Povidone K30 - Solvent: Acetone: Methanol = 90: 10
Povidone K12 - Solvent: Acetone: Methanol = 90: 10
Povidone K17 - Solvent: Acetone: Methanol = 90: 10
Povidone K90 - Solvent: Acetone: Methanol = 90: 10
HPMC-AS - Solvent: Acetone: Methanol = 90: 10
HPMC E3P - Solvent: Dichloromethane (DCM): Methanol = 50: 50
HPMC E5P - Solvent: Dichloromethane (DCM): Methanol = 50: 50
Eudragit L100 - Solvent: Acetone: Methanol = 90: 10
Eudragit L100-55 - Solvent: Acetone: Methanol = 90: 10
Table 1: Enzalutamide solubility results and observations for various solubilizers
Figure imgf000008_0001
Figure imgf000009_0001
Table 2: Different ratio of solubilizer with co-solvent - Enzalutamide solubility observations
Figure imgf000009_0002
In a specific example of formulation, crystalline enzalutamide was formulated, using Poloxamer 188 and Povidone K30 as solubilizers; and SLS as wetting agent in the formulation to improve the solubility. Process of preparation by wet granulation (fluid bed processor): API and excipients were weighed according to Table 3. Solution I (Poloxamer 188 in water) was prepared. Solution II (Povidone K30 and SLS in water) was prepared. Enzalutamide and intra granular excipients were sieved by #20 mesh, put into fluid bed processor, and wet granulation with solution I was performed. Once solution I was completed, solution II was added. The product was dried until LOD value to 1-3% and the granules were sieved by #30 mesh. This was followed by final blending, compression and coating.
Table 3: Formulation with solubilizer and wetting agent
Figure imgf000009_0003
Figure imgf000010_0001
Dissolution profiles with stirring at 50, 75 or 100 rpm in the medium of 0.3%CTAB in 0.1 N HC1 are shown in Figure 1.
Based on the data, the stirring rate would be defined as 75 rpm for further testing because the data indicates the dissolved enzalutamide reaches 100% at 45 mins. Moreover, the discriminatory power of dissolution parameter should be considered, thus the stirring rate would prefer to choose 75 rpm instead of 100 rpm to reduce the art effect.
Example 2: Preparation of Premix containing API and one polymer, by evaporation
Process of preparation (also see Figure 2): Prepare 90:10 solvent of Acetone: Methanol by takin 90 g of acetone and 10 g of methanol, mix both well. Add enzalutamide into the solvent with polymer (see Table 4 for list of polymers and ratios) directly and stir until API dissolves completely. Pour the solution on a stainless plate, evaporate in oven at 60°C until premix is obtained. Collect the premix samples, in case of testing, subject to tests. In case of preparation of formulation (see Table 6), blend with extra-granular excipients, which is followed by final blending, compression, coating.
The conclusions of polymer screening have been summarized in Table 4. Table 4: Polymer screening summary
Figure imgf000011_0001
Kollidon VA64, Povidone K30, HPMC-AS, HPMC E5P, Eudragit L100 and Eudragit L100-55 were chosen for further evaluation because the appearance remains transparent at high ratio. XRD was used to evaluate the polymorphism of API. All results are summarized in the figures 3; 4; and 5. Figure 3 shows that there is no peak (obvious major peak) in KollidonVA64. However, batch with povidoneK30 shows small peak generation at specific 2-theta after stress conditions (open exposure at 50°C/75% RH) for 14 days.
Figure 4 shows that there is no peak (obvious major peak) in HPMC-AS which innovator used. However, batch with HPMC E5P shows small peak generation at specific 2-theta from initial and for 14 days under open exposure condition (50°C/75% RH).
Figure 5 shows that there is no peak (obvious major peak) in both Eudragit L100 and Eudragit L100-55 batches after under open exposure condition at 50°C/75% RH for 14 days.
Table 5: Compositions comprising premix prepared by evaporation (mg/tab = mg/tablet)
Figure imgf000012_0001
Dissolution profiles of the above described compositions in 0.1 N HC1 + 0.05% CTAB are shown in
Figure 6.
Conclusions: The XRD records indicate that polymers including KollidonVA64, Eudragit L100 and Eudragit L100- 55 batches could help API to remain as amorphous form. From the dissolution profiles in Figure 6, it can be concluded that API with KollidonVA64 and F1PMC E5P can improve the dissolution compared with in-house RLD which has the formulation disclosed in W02014043208A. On the other hand, API with PovidoneK30, Eudragit L100 and Eudragit L100-55 has retard effect on dissolution profile.
Example 3: Preparation of Premix containing API and one polymer, by fluid bed (all excipients are extragranular)
Process of preparation: The materials according to Table 6 were weighed. API and the polymer were dissolved into acetone. The mixture was subjected to wet granulation (fluid bed processor), followed by blending with extra-granular excipients, final blending, compression and coating.
Table 6: Compositions prepared using premix produced by fluid bed drying
Figure imgf000013_0001
Dissolution profiles of the compositions listed in the table 6 in 0.1 N HC1 + 0.05% CTAB are shown in Figure 7 and the same in a buffer pH 6.8+ 0.05% CTAB in Figure 8.
Conclusions:
Although the dissolution profile in pH 6.8+ 0.05% CTAB is similar between in-house RLD and LPl 11J- 1 batch, the blend flow is poor during the compression. Example 4: Preparation of Premix containing API and one polymer, by fluid bed (MCC and CCS are intragranular, all other excipients are extragranular) Process of preparation: Starting materials materials according to Table 7 were weighed. API and polymer were dissolved in solvent, the mixture was subjected to wet granulation with MCC and CCS in fluid bed processor. This was followed by blending with extra-granular excipients, final blending, compression and coating. Table 7: Compositions of formulations
Figure imgf000014_0001
Figure imgf000015_0001
Figure imgf000015_0002
Figure imgf000016_0001
Table 8: Blend properties
Figure imgf000016_0002
Table 9: Physical parameters of core tablets
Figure imgf000016_0003
Figure imgf000017_0001
Dissolution profiles of the compositions from the table 7 in 0.1N HC1 with 0.05%CTAB are shown in Figure 9 and in pH 6.8 buffer with 0.05%CTAB in Figure 10.
Conclusions:
Generally, the formulations have a lower flowability.
DT (disintegration time) of KollidonVA64 1:1 and 1:2 is around 2-4min whereas for 1:3 ratio is 20- 23min because of increase in polymer ratio in composition.
DT of In-house RLD and Eudragit L100-55 batches is similar. Moreover, Eudragit L100-55 batch shows similar release rate to RLD as well.
KoIIidonVA64 1:3 ratio tablets were not dispersed completely hence the release rate is slower.
Eudragit L100-55 starts dispersing at pH 5.5 whereas L100 starts at pH 6.0 hence the release rate is low in acid media.
All batches with Povidone formulation dispersed (disintegrate) completely in 5 min and start releasing. It indicates that the role of Povidone in premix is positive increase thus obtaining better release rate with proportional manner.
Example 5: Compositions with Premix of enzalutamide prepared by spray drying technology
Process of preparation: All starting materials were weighed according to Table 10. API and polymer (optionally with MCC or CCS) were dissolved in acetone, and spray dried to form a premix. The spray dried premix was blended with extra-granular excipients, followed by final blending, compression and coating.
Table 10: Tested compositions
Figure imgf000018_0001
Table 11: Spray Dried Premix and Lubricated Blend Properties
Figure imgf000018_0002
Figure imgf000019_0001
*NP: Not performed
Table 12: The coated tablets properties
Figure imgf000019_0002
Table 13: Process Parameters for Spray drying
Figure imgf000019_0003
Figure imgf000020_0002
Figure imgf000020_0001
Dissolution profiles of the coated tablets from the table 12 prepared from the premixes of the table 11 are shown in Figure 11. Medium of the dissolution tests was 0. IN HC1 with 0.3%CTAB for the first 60 minutes, then changed to pH6.8 buffer with 0.3%CTAB for the second 60 minutes.
Conclusions:
The Carr Index (Cl) of spray dried material is over 40%, thus it means that the flowability of blend is extremely poor. The Hausner Ratio (HR) of lubricated blend is significantly improved after adding the extra-granular excipients (in particular lubricant) compared to spray dried material.
DT (disintegration time) of tablets HPMC AS (RLD used polymer) and Eudragit L100-55 is close to RLD (-G30”).
Example 6: Compositions comprising premix prepared by spray drying, using a combination of polymers
The same procedure as in Example 5 has been used for preparation of the following compositions.
Table 14: Tested compositions (amounts of components are in mg/tablet)
Figure imgf000021_0001
Dissolution profiles of the coated tablets having the compositions shown in Table 14 are shown in Figure 12. Medium for the dissolution tests was 0.1N HC1 with 0.3%CTAB for the first 60 minutes, then changed to pH6.8 buffer with 0.3%CTAB for the next 30 minutes. These formulations show a very good bioavailability, have the desired dissolution profile, and allow to fine-tune it as needed by choosing a suitable polymer ratio.
Example 7: Compositions comprising premix prepared by spray drying, using a combination of polymers
Manufacturing process:
Premix manufacturing by Spray Drying: All raw materials for Premix (API, Eudragit, Kollidon, intragranular MCC) were weighed according to Table 15, and dissolved in acetone and stirred at 200- 1500 rpm, for 1-2 hours at laboratory temperature. The solution/dispersion was spray dried (under the same spray drying conditions as in Example 5, Table 13, LP111-011). The spray dried premix was sieved through #20 mesh.
Blending and Lubrication: Extragranular excipients (except lubricant) were weighed according to Table 15 and sieved through #30 mesh. The excipients were loaded together with the spray dried premix into a non-shear blender and mixed for at 10-30 rpm for 20-30 mins. Magnesium stearate was transferred into the blender and the mixture was mixed at 10-30 rpm for 20-30 mins.
Compression was then carried out. Coating: Coating solution was prepared by adding Opadry Yellow 03F620118 into purified water under stirring for at least 1 hour. Core tablets were transferred into a coating pan, prewarmed and coated up to a weight gain of about 3.08% w/w using the coating solution.
The coated tablets were packed in ALU/ALU blister pack.
Table 15: Preferred compositions
Figure imgf000022_0001
* Purified water will be evaporated during the drying process; quantity of distilled water is not included in quantity of dosage unit XRD results of the composition of Formula 3 from Table 15 during stability tests at the time 0 (initial) and after 2 weeks at 50°C and 75% RH (relative humidity) on the open condition are shown in Figures 13a and 13b respectively. Both samples exhibited the same XRD pattern; no crystalline enzalutamide has been formed under stress conditions.

Claims

1. A pharmaceutical composition comprising enzalutamide, characterized in that it comprises enzalutamide and at least one anionic polymer and/or at least one non-ionic polymer.
2. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1, wherein enzalutamide and the at least one anionic polymer and/or at least one non-ionic polymer form a premix.
3. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 2, wherein the anionic polymer is a co-polymer of methacrylic acid and ethyl acrylate, and the non-ionic polymer is a co-polymer of vinyl pyrrolidone and vinyl acetate.
4. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the mass ratio of enzalutamide (API) to the total polymer amount of the non-ionic polymer and anionic polymer (NP +AP) is API: (NP+AP) = from 1 : 4 to 1 : 2, preferably from 1 : 3.5 to 1 : 2.5.
5. The pharmaceutical composition according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the mass ratio of non ionic polymer to anionic polymer NP:AP is from 1:1 to 3:1.
6. The pharmaceutical composition according to any one of claims 2 to 3, wherein the mass ratio of enzalutamide to non-ionic polymer to anionic polymer is API: NP: AP = from 1 : 3 : 0.5 to 1 : 1 : 2, preferably from 1: 2 : 1 to 1: 1.5 : 1.5.
7. The pharmaceutical composition according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein the composition further comprises microcrystalline cellulose and/or croscarmellose sodium, preferably microcrystalline cellulose.
8. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 7, wherein the mass ratio of the microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and/or croscarmellose sodium (CCS) to the total polymer mass (NP+AP) in the premix is between 1 : 1.5 and 1 : 3.
9. The pharmaceutical composition according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the composition contains one or more further pharmaceutical acceptable excipients selected from at least one filler, at least one disintegrant, at least one glidant and/or at least one lubricant.
10. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 9, wherein the further excipients are microcrystalline cellulose, croscarmellose sodium, colloidal silica and magnesium stearate.
11. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 2, which contains 10-15 wt.% of enzalutamide, 18-25 wt.% of co-polymer of vinyl pyrrolidone and vinyl acetate, 10-20 wt.% of co-polymer of methacrylic acid and ethyl acrylate, 25-55 wt.% of microcrystalline cellulose, 7-13 wt.% of crocarmellose sodium, 0.5-2 wt.% colloidal anhydrous silica and 0.5-2 wt.% magnesium stearate.
12. A method for manufacturing of the composition according any one of the previous claims, characterized in that a premix of enzalutamide is prepared by a method selected from spray drying, fluid bed processing and evaporation, and the said premix is optionally blended with further pharmaceutical ingredients and homogenized.
13. The method according to claim 12, wherein the premix is prepared by spray drying.
14. The method according to claim 12, wherein the premix is prepared by spray drying of enzalutamide, a non-ionic polymer, an anionic polymer, and optionally microcrystalline cellulose and/or croscarmellose sodium.
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