WO2021212960A1 - 一种电脑裁板锯的控制系统及工作方法 - Google Patents

一种电脑裁板锯的控制系统及工作方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021212960A1
WO2021212960A1 PCT/CN2021/075251 CN2021075251W WO2021212960A1 WO 2021212960 A1 WO2021212960 A1 WO 2021212960A1 CN 2021075251 W CN2021075251 W CN 2021075251W WO 2021212960 A1 WO2021212960 A1 WO 2021212960A1
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Prior art keywords
control
module
control unit
series
feeding
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2021/075251
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
郭飞
肖志群
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Nanxing Machinery Co Ltd
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Nanxing Machinery Co Ltd
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Publication of WO2021212960A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021212960A1/zh
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27C—PLANING, DRILLING, MILLING, TURNING OR UNIVERSAL MACHINES FOR WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL
    • B27C9/00—Multi-purpose machines; Universal machines; Equipment therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
    • B28D7/00—Accessories specially adapted for use with machines or devices of the preceding groups
    • B28D7/005—Devices for the automatic drive or the program control of the machines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cutting processing equipment for man-made boards (including density boards, particle boards, multi-layer boards, etc.) and the like, in particular to a large-scale precision high-speed cutting board with a high-end numerical control system.
  • the control system and working method of the computer panel saw are known in the art.
  • the components for the production of panel furniture are generally rectangular panels, which are assembled by sawing large panels of wood into small materials.
  • Computer panel saw is a kind of cutting equipment for wood-based panels and the like, which is mainly used in the production process of panel furniture.
  • the utility model patent with the patent number 201720226821.6 and the publication date of November 10, 2017 discloses a high-speed computer panel saw, including a machine, a controller set on the machine, and a feeding device set on the machine. , A pressing device for pressing the sheet to be sawed, a saw car for sawing the sheet, and a discharging device arranged on one side of the saw car, the saw car including a vehicle body bottom plate, which is arranged on one side of the body floor.
  • the main saw device, the auxiliary saw device, the lift-type side support device and the traverse driving mechanism of the saw car arranged on the other side of the vehicle body floor.
  • a main saw driving mechanism and a main saw lifting driving mechanism for driving the main saw blade seat up and down, the auxiliary saw device includes a auxiliary saw blade seat, a auxiliary saw driving mechanism for driving the auxiliary saw blade seat to rotate, and a auxiliary saw driving mechanism for driving the auxiliary saw
  • the auxiliary saw lifting drive mechanism for lifting and lowering the knife seat, and the lifting type side support device is arranged at one end of the vehicle body floor.
  • the lifting type side rest device includes a fixed seat and a lifting drive mechanism arranged on the fixed seat.
  • the lifting driving mechanism includes a lifting cylinder.
  • the traverse driving mechanism of the saw car includes a traverse motor and a reducer connected to the traverse motor.
  • the auxiliary saw device further includes an auxiliary saw adjustment mechanism for adjusting the longitudinal position of the auxiliary saw blade seat, and the auxiliary saw adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment motor.
  • the material pressing device includes a material pressing driving mechanism.
  • the feeding device includes a feeding advancing mechanism and several clamping mechanisms connected to the feeding advancing mechanism.
  • the material pressing device includes a material pressing driving mechanism.
  • the patent number 201110336925.X discloses a post-feeding high-speed computer panel saw, including a main body, a feeding unit and a computer control system.
  • the main body of the machine includes a workbench, a pressing device for pressing and positioning the sheet on the workbench, and a cutting device for cutting the sheet on the workbench.
  • the pressing device and the cutting device The cutting device is installed on the workbench.
  • the material pressing device includes a material pressing and feeding moving seat, a movable seat, two first driving cylinders, a second driving cylinder and a third motor arranged at both ends of the pressing material feeding moving seat;
  • the pressing material feeding moving seat is arranged horizontally Directly above the workbench, the movable seat is horizontally movably arranged on the material pressing and feeding moving seat through linear guide rails and moving up and down with the pressing material and feeding moving seat;
  • the second driving cylinder is arranged on the movable seat and moving horizontally with the movable seat Move, the second drive cylinder is used to strengthen the compression and positioning effect of the middle of the material-feeding moving seat, there are two second drive cylinders, and the two second drive cylinders are respectively located on the front side of the moving-feed material-feeding seat And the rear side;
  • the third motor drives the movable seat to move back and forth horizontally along the linear guide rail through the transmission chain, the two second drive cylinders move synchronously with the movable seat so that the
  • the cutting device includes a movable base, a main saw assembly and an auxiliary saw assembly.
  • the movable base can be movably arranged under the worktable in left and right lateral directions; the main saw assembly and the auxiliary saw assembly can be movably arranged up and down on the movable base. On the base and move horizontally with the movable base.
  • the main saw assembly includes a main motor, a main saw blade, a main motor base and a main drive cylinder; the main motor drives the main saw blade to rotate through the first transmission belt, and the main drive cylinder drives the main motor base to move up and down relative to the movable base. .
  • the auxiliary saw assembly includes an auxiliary motor, an auxiliary saw blade, an auxiliary motor base and an auxiliary drive cylinder; the auxiliary motor drives the auxiliary saw blade to rotate through the second transmission belt, and the auxiliary drive cylinder drives the auxiliary motor base to move up and down relative to the movable base.
  • the feeding unit is located on the rear side of the main body of the machine.
  • the feeding unit includes a feeding device and a feeding device.
  • the feeding device is arranged between the main body of the machine and the feeding device.
  • the feeding device includes a feeding rack and a feeding device.
  • the feeding device includes a feeding rack, a lifting platform for lifting the sheet material upwards, and for pushing the sheet material from the feeding rack
  • Both the left and right sides of the feeding rack are provided with first rails extending forward and backward, the aforementioned first advancing mechanism is provided on the first rail to move back and forth along the first rail, and the bottom of the feeding rack is provided with multiple rows of roller assemblies ;
  • the first advancing mechanism includes a first feeding moving seat, a first motor, and a plurality of clamping mechanisms for clamping the back end of the sheet; both ends of the first feeding moving seat abut on the corresponding first guide rails respectively ,
  • the first motor is fixed on the first feeding moving seat, the first motor is a servo motor, and the first motor drives the first feeding moving seat to move back and forth along the first guide rail through the first transmission shaft; the plurality of clamping mechanisms are arranged at intervals Synchronously move on the first feeding moving seat with the first feeding moving seat.
  • the clamping mechanism includes a support assembly and a clamping assembly;
  • the support assembly includes a fixing piece, a positioning block, and two clamping jaw seats arranged at left and right;
  • the fixing piece is fixedly connected to the first feeding moving seat, and the fixing piece Connected between the rear ends of the two clamping jaw seats;
  • the positioning block is fixedly connected between the front ends of the two jaw seats;
  • the jaw assembly is located between the two jaw seats, the jaw assembly includes an upper driving cylinder, a lower The driving cylinder, the upper clamping jaw, the lower clamping jaw, the swing rod and the connecting rod;
  • the upper driving cylinder and the lower driving cylinder are all pneumatic driving cylinders, which are not limited.
  • the rear end of the upper driving cylinder is connected to the clamp
  • the claw seat is pivotally connected, and the front end of the upper driving cylinder body has an upper piston rod extending forward, and the upper piston rod is pivotally connected with the upper end of the swing rod;
  • the rear end of the lower driving cylinder is pivotally connected to the clamping jaw seat, and the front end of the lower driving cylinder extends forward with a lower piston rod, and the front end of the lower piston rod extends forward through the aforementioned limit through groove
  • the lower piston rod drives the lower clamping jaw to movably extend the aforementioned positioning block forward;
  • the rear end of the upper jaw is pivotally connected with the jaw seat, and the front end of the upper jaw extends forward
  • the aforementioned positioning block the two ends of the connecting rod are respectively pivotally connected with the upper clamping jaw and the swing rod.
  • the lower driving cylinder acts on the lower piston rod to drive the lower clamping jaws to extend the positioning block forward, so that the lower clamping jaws are pressed against the bottom of the rear end of the sheet;
  • the upper piston rod drives the upper end of the pendulum rod to rotate forward, the pendulum rod rotates forward, and the connecting rod drives the upper jaw to rotate downward, so that the front end of the upper jaw abuts on the top of the back end of the sheet material.
  • the upper and lower jaws are used to firmly clamp the back end of the sheet; when the sheet needs to be loosened, only the upper and lower drive cylinders need to be reset in turn.
  • Both the left and right sides of the loading rack are provided with second rails extending back and forth, and the aforementioned second advancing mechanism is provided on the second rail to move back and forth along the second rail.
  • the lifting platform includes a frame, a plurality of guide rollers and at least four screw rods.
  • the four screw rods are respectively arranged at four corners of the frame.
  • the plurality of guide rollers are rotatably arranged side by side in the frame. The rotation of the guide rollers can easily send the stacked plates onto the lifting platform.
  • the second advancing mechanism includes a second feeding moving seat, a second motor, and a plurality of pushing block assemblies; both ends of the second feeding moving seat abut on the corresponding second guide rails, and the second motor is fixed to the first On the second feeding moving seat, the second motor is a servo motor.
  • the second motor drives the second feeding moving seat to move back and forth along the second guide rail through the second transmission shaft; the multiple push block components are arranged on the second feeding moving seat at intervals.
  • the second feeding moving seat moves synchronously, and the front side of the second feeding moving seat is provided with a guard rod. During operation, the guard rod abuts against the upper surface of the sheet, and the push block assembly abuts against the back end of the sheet, and
  • the second motor drives the second feeding moving seat to move forward, so as to push the sheet material forward into the feeding rack.
  • the computer control system includes a touch screen and a switch button.
  • the touch screen and the switch button are used to program and control the machine to control the work of the aforementioned pressing device, cutting device, feeding device, and feeding device, so that the pressing The device, the cutting device, the feeding device and the feeding device cooperate with each other to complete the cutting operation of the sheet material.
  • the invention is mainly used in panel furniture manufacturing and wood products industry for cutting man-made fiberboards.
  • the main working steps are as follows:
  • the feeding device for automatic feeding: stack multiple sheets together and stack them on the lifting platform of the feeding rack, the stacking height of the sheets does not exceed mm; then, the computer control system controls the lifting platform to work, Make the lifting platform lift the stacked sheets by a thickness distance. At this time, the sheet at the top of the lifting platform protrudes above the plane of the feeding rack; then, the computer control system controls the second propulsion mechanism to work, so that The second motor drives the second crossbeam to move forward along the second track through the second transmission shaft. The push block assembly abuts on the rear end of the plate and moves forward synchronously with the second crossbeam, so that the plate is moved forward to advance. In the material rack, when the sheet material is completely fed into the feeding rack, the computer control system controls the second propulsion mechanism to reset backwards.
  • the feeding device is used for automatic feeding: the computer control system controls the work of the first propulsion mechanism; when the first propulsion mechanism is working, firstly, the multiple clamping mechanisms work at the same time, and the lower driving cylinder acts and passes through the lower drive cylinder.
  • the piston rod drives the lower jaw to extend the positioning block forward, so that the lower jaw is pressed against the bottom of the back end of the sheet; then, the upper drive cylinder acts on the upper end of the pendulum rod to rotate forward through the upper piston rod.
  • the swing rod rotates forward and drives the upper jaw to rotate downward through the connecting rod, so that the front end of the upper jaw abuts on the top of the back end of the sheet, so that the upper and lower jaws are used to firmly clamp the sheet
  • the plurality of clamping mechanisms move forward synchronously with the first beam, so that the plate according to the workpiece The required size is moved forward into the channel of the workbench.
  • the pressing device and the cutting device to cut the sheet material on the workbench: when the sheet material is fed into the channel of the workbench according to the size required by the workpiece, the first propulsion mechanism is stopped, and then , The computer control system controls the work of the pressing device, so that the pressing beam moves downward under the action of the first drive cylinder and presses on the upper surface of the sheet, thereby pressing and positioning the sheet.
  • the third electrode can drive the movable seat to move to a suitable position along the linear guide rail, and the second drive cylinder can be pressed down onto the material, and the material can be compressed and positioned;
  • the cutting device is controlled by the computer control system, the main motor drives the main saw blade to rotate, and the auxiliary motor drives the auxiliary saw blade to rotate, so as to cut the sheet and obtain a workpiece, which is output to the discharge table ;
  • Next to reset the cutting device and the pressing device, and then make the first advancing mechanism work again, so that the sheet moves forward by the length of the workpiece, and then repeat the above action, using the pressing device and the cutting device to The sheet material is cut until all the sheet material is cut into multiple workpieces.
  • the first pushing mechanism is reset backward, and the above actions are repeated to continuously cut each sheet material on the lifting platform into the required workpieces.
  • the patent number is 201710224666.9 and the publication date is July 21, 2017.
  • the invention patent discloses a vertical and horizontal cutting computer panel saw equipment, including a control unit, a feeding unit connected to the control unit, and a longitudinal sawing unit. Unit, transitional feeding unit, lifting vertical and horizontal bidirectional conveying platform, horizontal sawing unit, residual material and waste processing unit;
  • the longitudinal sawing unit includes a longitudinal saw main frame, a longitudinal saw car, a longitudinal saw pressure feed moving seat, a longitudinal saw worktable, a longitudinal saw plate front aligning device, and a longitudinal saw feeding push rod feeding moving seat Component, the first conveying platform; the longitudinal saw feeding push rod feeding moving seat assembly pushes the plate to the longitudinal saw plate front aligning device along the first conveying platform for front and rear alignment; the aforementioned feeding unit is connected to the inlet of the first conveying platform Feed end
  • the transitional feeding unit includes a material fetching and feeding hook mechanism for hooking the finished sheet material from the longitudinal sawing unit, a residual material blanking mechanism for sending the remaining material to the aforementioned residual material waste processing unit, and a connection to The second conveying platform on the output side of the longitudinal sawing unit;
  • the lifting type vertical and horizontal bidirectional conveying platform includes a lateral conveying unit and a longitudinal conveying unit that are staggered with each other; the lateral conveying unit can be lifted and lowered relative to the longitudinal conveying unit; the lateral conveying unit is connected to the output of the aforementioned second conveying platform
  • the front side of the longitudinal conveying unit is connected to the aforementioned transverse sawing unit; the rear side of the longitudinal conveying unit is provided with a gripper mechanism for pushing the plate forward; the right side of the transverse conveying unit is provided with a first A plate side aligning device, and a second plate side aligning device is provided on the left side of the transverse conveying unit;
  • the transverse sawing unit includes a transverse saw main frame, a transverse saw car, a transverse saw pressure feeding moving seat, a transverse saw worktable, a transverse saw plate front alignment device, and a third conveying platform; the third conveying platform The front end of the cross saw is connected to the position of the cross saw pressure feeding moving seat, and the rear end of the third conveying platform is provided with a front alignment device for the cross saw plate.
  • the invention patent with the patent number CN201710224091.0 discloses an electric control system of a fully automatic vertical and horizontal cutting computer panel saw equipment, including a human-machine interactive control unit and a horizontal saw PLC, which are respectively connected to the human-machine interactive control unit.
  • the vertical saw PLC and the auxiliary machine PLC; the horizontal saw PLC and the vertical saw PLC are connected with each other, the horizontal saw PLC and the auxiliary machine PLC are connected with each other;
  • Saw automatic cutting control unit; the horizontal saw PLC is respectively connected to the horizontal saw side alignment and forward alignment control unit, and the horizontal saw automatic cutting control unit;
  • the auxiliary machine PLC is respectively controlled and connected to the automatic transition fetching and feeding Control unit, automatic waste discharge control unit, automatic finished product conveying control unit.
  • the patent does not disclose the specific system composition, only a large control unit.
  • the first technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a bus technology as the core, high safety, strong fault tolerance, high efficiency, stability, high precision, simple control structure, modular structure
  • the high-speed computer panel saw control system is to provide a bus technology as the core, high safety, strong fault tolerance, high efficiency, stability, high precision, simple control structure, modular structure
  • the high-speed computer panel saw control system is to provide a bus technology as the core, high safety, strong fault tolerance, high efficiency, stability, high precision, simple control structure, modular structure.
  • the second technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a working method of a high-speed computer panel saw with reasonable and orderly movement logic, reliable movement, high efficiency, and low-cost realization of the control system.
  • a control system for a computer panel saw including a programmable controller (PLC), a data bus connected to the programmable controller, two-way control of a work clamp feeding device control unit and a material pressing device control unit connected to the data bus in parallel , Cutting device control unit;
  • PLC programmable controller
  • the work clamp feeding device control unit includes a work clamp feeding and feeding mechanism control unit and a plurality of clamping mechanism control units;
  • the work clamp feeding mechanism control unit includes an I/O module connected in parallel with the data bus for bidirectional control, a work clamp servo driver connected in series with the I/O module for bidirectional control, and a work clamp connected in series with the work clamp servo driver for bidirectional control servo motor;
  • the clamping mechanism control unit includes a clamping mechanism clamping control unit; the clamping mechanism clamping control unit includes an I/O module connected in parallel with the data bus for bidirectional control, and a solenoid valve connected in series with the I/O module for unidirectional control , Clamping cylinder connected in series with solenoid valve one-way control; I/O module one-way control solenoid valve, solenoid valve one-way control clamping cylinder;
  • the pressing device control unit includes two pressing device lifting control units;
  • the lifting control unit of the pressing device includes an I/O module connected in parallel with the data bus for bidirectional control, a solenoid valve connected in series with the I/O module for unidirectional control, a cylinder connected in series with the solenoid valve for unidirectional control, and installed in the cylinder
  • the last sensor switch, the sensor switch is connected in series with the I/O module for bidirectional control; the I/O module unidirectionally controls the solenoid valve, and the solenoid valve unidirectionally controls the cylinder;
  • the cutting device control unit includes a cutting device feed control unit, a cutting device lifting control unit, a main saw drive control unit, an auxiliary saw drive control unit, and a board width detection device control unit;
  • the cutting device feed control unit includes a cutting device servo driver connected in parallel with the data bus for bidirectional control, and a cutting device servo motor connected in series with the cutting device servo driver for bidirectional control;
  • the lifting control unit of the cutting device includes an I/O module connected in parallel with the data bus for bidirectional control, a solenoid valve connected in series with the I/O module for one-way control, a cylinder connected in series with the solenoid valve for one-way control, and installed in the cylinder
  • the upper two induction switches are connected in parallel with the I/O module for bidirectional control; the I/O module controls the solenoid valve in one direction, and the solenoid valve controls the cylinder in one direction;
  • the main saw drive control unit includes an I/O module connected in parallel with the data bus for bidirectional control, a thermal relay connected in series with the I/O module for one-way control, a contactor connected in series with the thermal relay for one-way control, and a single contactor.
  • I/O module one-way control thermal relay, thermal relay one-way control contactor, contactor one-way control main saw motor;
  • the auxiliary saw drive control unit includes an I/O module connected in parallel with the data bus for bidirectional control, a thermal relay connected in series with the I/O module for one-way control, a contactor connected in series with the thermal relay for one-way control, and a single contactor.
  • the board width detection device control unit includes an I/O module connected in parallel with the data bus for bidirectional control, a photoelectric switch connected with the I/O module for unidirectional control, a solenoid valve connected with the I/O module for unidirectional control, and a solenoid valve One-way control of air nozzles connected in series; photoelectric switch one-way control I/O module, I/O module one-way control solenoid valve, solenoid valve one-way control air nozzle.
  • a working method of a computer panel saw includes the following steps:
  • the work clamp feeding device moves to the set unwinding position, and the feeding moving seat including the work clamp feeding device is driven by the feeding moving seat drive mechanism, and moves along the feeding moving seat guide mechanism to the set unwinding position, and the feeding moving seat drives the
  • the clamping mechanism moves to the set unwinding position; at the set unwinding position, the movable clamping piece of the clamping mechanism is opened relative to the fixed clamping piece; the set unwinding position is generally the original position of the initial setting of the clamping mechanism;
  • the work clamp feeding device moves to the set unloading position, perform the pre-loading and place the plates; that is, manually place the plates from the front, that is, the side of the discharge direction; when the pre-loading and placing the plates, the pressing device is raised.
  • the plate passes between the pressing device and the worktable and then extends between the movable clamping piece and the fixed clamping piece of the clamping mechanism until the back side of the plate is flush with the front clamping surface of the clamping mechanism;
  • the work clamp feeding device clamps the plate and retracts to the set initial feeding position; that is, after the work clamp feeding device clamps the corresponding plate, the feeding moving seat of the work clamp feeding device moves through the feeding Driven by the base driving mechanism, the clamping mechanism is driven to the set feeding starting position along the guide mechanism of the feeding moving base; after the work clamp feeding device clamps the corresponding plate and retreats to the set starting feeding position, the work clamp feeding device advances to sawing Position; the work clamp feeding device advances to the sawing position, including, the feeding moving seat drives the clamp mechanism on it to move forward to the sawing position, in the sawing position, the clamp flip seat of the clamp mechanism is still installed relative to the clamp The seat is turned to the lower position, and the movable and fixed clamping parts of the clamping mechanism clamp the plate; the sawing position of the main workpiece feeding device is the vertical clamp on the side of the clamping mechanism holding the plate near the worktable.
  • the distance between the holding plane and the zero plane (saw cutting surface) is the length
  • the pressing device presses the material
  • the work clamp feeding device clamps the plate and retracts to the set position, and the side aligning device moves to the set position and then rises. There is a certain distance; after the side aligning device runs to the set position, the work clamp feeding device advances to the sawing position; the work clamp feeding device advances to the sawing position, and the side aligning device is executed; the side alignment device is aligning Afterwards, execute the pressing device to press the material;
  • the pressing device rises, the work clamp feeding device advances the set cutting length to feed, and then returns to the pressing device to hold the material;
  • Fig. 1 is a general schematic diagram of the control system of the computer panel saw of embodiment 1;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the control unit of the work clamp feeding device of the control system of Embodiment 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the side-aligning device control unit, the pressing device control unit, and the cutting device control unit of the control system of Embodiment 1;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the feeding device control unit, the pushing device control unit, and the front aligning device control unit of the control system of the computer panel saw of the second embodiment;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the feeding device control unit, the pushing device control unit, and the front aligning device control unit of the control system of the computer panel saw of the third embodiment;
  • Figure 7 is the first part of the general flow chart of the working method of embodiment 4.
  • Fig. 8 is the second part of the general flow chart of the working method of embodiment 4.
  • a control system for a computer panel saw includes a man-machine exchange control unit, and a programmable controller (PLC) connected to the man-machine exchange control unit for bidirectional control via Ethernet, and connected to the programmable controller
  • PLC programmable controller
  • the data bus of the two-way control is connected in parallel to the work clamp feeding device control unit, the side alignment device control unit, the pressing device control unit, and the cutting device control unit connected to the data bus.
  • the man-machine exchange control unit includes an industrial computer, a mouse and keyboard connected to the industrial computer for one-way control, a factory local area network connected to the industrial computer for two-way control, and a mouse and keyboard for one-way control of the industrial computer.
  • the industrial computer is connected to the programmable controller for bidirectional control via Ethernet.
  • Programmable controller refers to the program control system of computer numerical control machine tool (computer numerical control).
  • the programmable controller controls the work clamp feeding device control unit, the side flushing device control unit, the pressing device control unit, and the cutting device control unit.
  • the work clamp feeding device control unit includes a work clamp feeding and feeding mechanism control unit and a plurality of clamping mechanism clamping control units.
  • the control unit of the work clamp feeding mechanism includes an I/O module connected in parallel with the data bus for bidirectional control, a work clamp servo driver connected in series with the I/O module bidirectional control, and a work clamp servo connected in series with the work clamp servo driver bidirectional control Motor, and the electronic ruler read head connected in series with the work clamp servo driver for bidirectional control.
  • the clamping mechanism control unit includes a clamping mechanism clamping control unit.
  • the clamping control unit of the clamping mechanism includes an I/O module connected in parallel with the data bus for bidirectional control, a solenoid valve connected in series with the I/O module for unidirectional control, and a clamping cylinder connected in series with the solenoid valve for unidirectional control; I/ O module one-way control solenoid valve, solenoid valve one-way control clamping cylinder.
  • the work clamp feeding device is controlled by a work clamp feeding mechanism control unit, with simple structure and reliable action.
  • Each clamping mechanism control unit is controlled by an independent clamping mechanism clamping control unit, so that the opening and closing movements of each clamping mechanism are independent, so that the movement of the clamping mechanism is more flexible.
  • the programmable controller sends a signal to the solenoid valve through the I/O module to control the action of the clamping cylinder that grips the plate to realize the clamping and placing of the plate; there is no induction switch on the clamping cylinder, which can make the clamping mechanism clamp up
  • the clamp stays at any position, so that it can clamp the continuously changing width of the plate and ensure the clamping of the plate.
  • the control unit of the pressing device includes two lifting control units of the pressing device.
  • the lifting control unit of the pressing device includes an I/O module connected in parallel with the data bus for bidirectional control, a solenoid valve connected in series with the I/O module for one-way control, a cylinder connected in series with the solenoid valve for one-way control, and installed on the cylinder
  • An inductive switch the inductive switch is connected in series with the I/O module for bidirectional control.
  • the I/O module controls the solenoid valve one-way, and the solenoid valve controls the cylinder one-way.
  • the pressing device control unit includes two sets of left and right pressing device lifting control units, so as to maintain balance during the lifting and lowering process of the pressing beam.
  • Each set of pressing device lifting control unit is equipped with a cylinder that controls the lifting of the pressing beam.
  • the programmable controller (PLC) sends a signal to the solenoid valve that controls the pressure beam lifting cylinder, controls the pressure beam to rise or fall, and detects that the cylinder moves in place.
  • the induction opening detection signal is fed back to the programmable controller (PLC), and the pressure device lifts and controls
  • PLC programmable controller
  • An induction switch is installed on the cylinder of the unit, which can make the pressing device stay in any position, so that the height of the pressing beam can be specified every time, instead of rising to the top each time, it can improve the work efficiency and ensure the safety during the lifting process of the pressing beam. .
  • the side-aligned board device control unit includes two side-aligned board device lifting control units and a side-aligned board device movement control unit.
  • the lifting control unit of the side flushing device includes an I/O module connected in parallel with the data bus for bidirectional control, a solenoid valve connected in series with the I/O module for one-way control, a cylinder connected in series with the solenoid valve for one-way control, and installed in the cylinder
  • the upper two induction switches are connected in parallel with the I/O module for bidirectional control; the I/O module controls the solenoid valve in one direction, and the solenoid valve controls the cylinder in one direction.
  • the movement control unit of the side alignment board device includes an I/O module connected in parallel with the data bus for bidirectional control, a contactor connected in series with the I/O module for one-way control, and a side alignment board feed servo connected in series with the contactor for one-way control Motor; I/O module one-way control contactor, contactor one-way control side flush servo motor.
  • Each set of side aligning device lifting control unit is equipped with a cylinder that controls the lifting of the side supporting plate, and the programmable controller (PLC) sends a signal to the supporting plate lifting solenoid valve to control the rising or falling of the side supporting plate, and the corresponding two induction switches detect the position The signal is fed back to the programmable controller (PLC), and the side-aligning plate device lifting control unit realizes the function of positioning the plate to the side and aligning the datum.
  • PLC programmable controller
  • the cutting device control unit includes the cutting device feed control unit, the cutting device lifting control unit, the main saw drive control unit, the auxiliary saw drive control unit, the auxiliary saw left and right adjustment mechanism control unit, the auxiliary saw up and down adjustment mechanism control unit, and the board Wide detection device control unit.
  • the cutting device feed control unit includes a cutting device servo driver connected in parallel with the data bus for bidirectional control, and a cutting device servo motor connected in series with the cutting device servo driver for bidirectional control;
  • the lifting control unit of the cutting device includes an I/O module connected in parallel with the data bus for bidirectional control, a solenoid valve connected in series with the I/O module for unidirectional control, a cylinder connected in series with the solenoid valve for unidirectional control, and installed on the cylinder
  • Two inductive switches the two inductive switches are connected in parallel with the I/O module for bidirectional control; the I/O module controls the solenoid valve in one direction, and the solenoid valve controls the cylinder in one direction.
  • the main saw drive control unit includes an I/O module connected in parallel with the data bus for bidirectional control, a thermal relay connected in series with the I/O module for one-way control, a contactor connected in series with the thermal relay for one-way control, and one-way with the contactor Control the main saw motor connected in series; the I/O module unidirectionally controls the thermal relay, the thermal relay unidirectionally controls the contactor, and the contactor unidirectionally controls the main saw motor.
  • the auxiliary saw drive control unit includes an I/O module connected in parallel with the data bus for bidirectional control, a thermal relay connected in series with the I/O module for one-way control, a contactor connected in series with the thermal relay for one-way control, and one-way with the contactor Control the auxiliary saw motor connected in series; I/O module one-way control thermal relay, thermal relay one-way control contactor, contactor one-way control auxiliary saw motor.
  • the auxiliary saw left and right adjustment mechanism control unit includes an I/O module connected in parallel with the data bus for bidirectional control, a auxiliary saw stepping driver connected in series with the I/O module for unidirectional control, and a auxiliary saw stepping driver connected in series with the auxiliary saw stepping driver for bidirectional control.
  • Saw stepper motor; I/O module unidirectionally controls the auxiliary saw stepper driver.
  • the auxiliary saw up and down adjustment mechanism control unit includes an I/O module connected in parallel with the data bus for bidirectional control, an intermediate relay connected in series with the I/O module for one-way control, and an auxiliary saw up and down motor connected in series with the intermediate relay for one-way control; I The /O module unidirectionally controls the intermediate relay, and the intermediate relay unidirectionally controls the upper and lower motors of the auxiliary saw.
  • the board width detection device control unit includes an I/O module connected in parallel with the data bus for two-way control, a photoelectric switch connected with the I/O module for one-way control, a solenoid valve connected with the I/O module for one-way control, and a single solenoid valve.
  • the photoelectric switch controls the I/O module in one direction
  • the I/O module controls the solenoid valve in one direction
  • the solenoid valve controls the air nozzle in one direction.
  • the auxiliary saw left and right adjustment mechanism control unit sends a signal to the auxiliary saw stepping driver through a programmable controller (PLC), and the auxiliary saw stepping driver controls the auxiliary saw stepping motor to adjust the left and right position of the auxiliary saw for precise adjustment.
  • PLC programmable controller
  • the auxiliary saw up and down adjustment mechanism control unit sends a signal to the intermediate relay through a programmable controller (PLC), and the intermediate relay controls the auxiliary saw up and down motors to adjust the up and down position of the auxiliary saw, and the cost is low.
  • PLC programmable controller
  • the photoelectric switch of the board width detection device control unit is installed on the cutting device, and the board width is detected with the movement of the cutting device, the cutting device stops, and the work clamp feeding device pulls the board to move, which can detect the length of the board, so the board width detection
  • the plate can be placed anywhere on the table at will. For oversized plates, it is not necessary to move to the end of the machine to be aligned, which is convenient for the operator to operate and improve production efficiency.
  • the cutting device feed control unit, the work clamp feeding mechanism control unit, and the side alignment device movement control unit adopt a servo drive system, and the programmable controller (PLC) and each servo drive adopts precise positioning pulse control In this way, the corresponding servo motor is controlled to realize accurate and error-free positioning movement.
  • PLC programmable controller
  • the computerized panel saw also includes a feeding device control unit, a pushing device control unit, and a front flushing device control unit.
  • the feeding device control unit includes a feeding device feeding control unit and a feeding device feeding control unit.
  • the feeding control unit of the feeding device includes an I/O module connected in parallel with the data bus for bidirectional control, a thermal relay connected in series with the I/O module for unidirectional control, a contactor connected in series with the thermal relay for unidirectional control, and a contactor One-way control of the feeding motor connected in series; I/O module one-way control thermal relay, thermal relay one-way control contactor, and contactor one-way control feeding motor.
  • the feeding control unit of the feeding device includes an I/O module connected in parallel with the data bus for bidirectional control, a thermal relay connected in series with the I/O module for unidirectional control, a contactor connected in series with the thermal relay for unidirectional control, and a contactor One-way control of the feeding motor connected in series; I/O module one-way control of the thermal relay, the thermal relay one-way control of the contactor, and the contactor one-way control of the feeding motor.
  • the feeding control unit of the feeding device and the feeding control unit of the feeding device are controlled by a thermal relay and a contactor.
  • the contactor controls the on and off of the motor.
  • the thermal relay is used to protect the motor from overload and make the use of the motor safer and more reliable. .
  • I/O modules are input and output modules.
  • the pusher control unit includes two pusher lift control units; the pusher lift control unit includes an I/O module connected in parallel with the data bus for bidirectional control, a relay connected in series with the I/O module for unidirectional control, and a relay One-way control of the pushing and lifting motor connected in series, the displacement sensor connected in series with the one-way control of the pushing and lifting motor, the AI module connected in series with the one-way control of the displacement sensor, and the one-way control of the AI module is connected to the data bus in parallel; I /O module one-way control relay, the relay controls the material pushing and lifting motor in one direction, the material pushing and lifting motor controls the displacement sensor in one direction, and the displacement sensor controls the AI module in one direction.
  • the lifting control unit of the pushing device is controlled by the programmable controller (PLC) through the I/O module and the relay to drive the quantitative pushing plate of the pushing device to rise to a certain height, and at the same time, the displacement sensor is used for accurate detection
  • the thickness of the board is detected, and the analog signal is input to the programmable controller (PLC) through the AI module to ensure that the feeding quantity of the feeding device meets the system setting.
  • the loading rack stops rising.
  • the two pushing devices of the pushing device control unit are respectively controlled by the corresponding pushing device lifting control unit. Due to the use of displacement sensors, it can ensure that the two sets of pushing devices move more synchronously and make the movement more reliable.
  • the AI module is an analog signal input module.
  • the front aligning board device control unit includes two front aligning board device lifting control units; the front aligning board device lifting control unit includes an I/O module connected in parallel with the data bus for bidirectional control, and a solenoid connected in series with the I/O module for unidirectional control Valve, a cylinder connected in series with the solenoid valve for unidirectional control, and two induction switches installed on the cylinder.
  • the two induction switches are connected in parallel with the I/O module for bidirectional control.
  • the I/O module controls the solenoid valve one-way, and the solenoid valve controls the cylinder one-way.
  • the front alignment control unit is sent by a programmable controller (PLC) through the I/O module to the solenoid valve to control the forward or backward movement of the cylinder of the elevation control unit of the front alignment board device.
  • PLC programmable controller
  • the corresponding induction switch detects The signal is fed back to the programmable controller (PLC) to realize the function of aligning the front of the board and the avoidance function when the board needs to pass the front aligning device.
  • Two induction switches are installed on the cylinder of the front aligning device to make the height of the front aligning device higher than the feeding plane of the feeding rack and lower than the height of the feeding plane of the feeding rack fixed, so that when the front aligning device rises It is flush with the front side of the board, and when it is lowered, it is ensured that the feeding plane is lower than the feeding rack to avoid interference with other devices.
  • the feeding device control unit includes a feeding device feeding control unit and a feeding device feeding control unit.
  • the feeding control unit of the feeding device includes an I/O module connected in parallel with the data bus for bidirectional control, a thermal relay connected in series with the I/O module for unidirectional control, a contactor connected in series with the thermal relay for unidirectional control, and a contactor One-way control of the feeding motor connected in series; I/O module one-way control thermal relay, thermal relay one-way control contactor, and contactor one-way control feeding motor.
  • the feeding control unit of the feeding device includes an I/O module connected in parallel with the data bus for bidirectional control, a thermal relay connected in series with the I/O module for unidirectional control, a contactor connected in series with the thermal relay for unidirectional control, and a contactor One-way control of the hydraulic oil pump motor connected in series, the hydraulic solenoid valve connected in series with the one-way control of the hydraulic oil pump motor, and the cylinder connected in series with the hydraulic solenoid valve one-way control.
  • the cylinder is equipped with a stroke switch, a stroke switch and I/O Module two-way control connection; I/O module one-way control thermal relay, thermal relay one-way control contactor, contactor one-way control hydraulic oil pump motor, hydraulic oil pump motor one-way control hydraulic solenoid valve, hydraulic solenoid valve one-way control cylinder.
  • the feeding control unit of the feeding device and the feeding control unit of the feeding device are controlled by a thermal relay and a contactor.
  • the contactor controls the on and off of the motor.
  • the thermal relay is used to protect the motor from overload and make the use of the motor safer and more reliable. .
  • I/O modules are input and output modules.
  • the control unit of the pushing device is different from the embodiment 3 in that it also includes a movement control unit of the pushing device.
  • the movement control unit of the pushing device includes an I/O module connected in parallel with the data bus for bidirectional control, a pushing servo drive connected in series with the I/O module for bidirectional control, and a pushing servo motor connected in series with the bidirectional control of the pushing servo drive;
  • the I/O module unidirectionally controls the feed servo drive.
  • the pusher control unit has a separate pusher movement control unit, which enables the pusher to move forward and backward independently relative to the work clamp feeding device. In this way, the pusher can perform the push during the process of the work clamp feeding device. The efficiency of the equipment.
  • the side alignment device control unit is different from Embodiment 3 in that it also includes a side alignment device alignment control unit.
  • the side-aligned board device The full board control unit includes an I/O module connected in parallel with the data bus for bidirectional control, a solenoid valve connected in series with the I/O module for unidirectional control, a cylinder connected in series with the solenoid valve for unidirectional control, and installed in An induction switch on the cylinder is connected in series with the I/O module for bidirectional control; the I/O module unidirectionally controls the solenoid valve, and the solenoid valve unidirectionally controls the cylinder.
  • the cylinder of the side flush control unit is installed horizontally on the side flush, and an induction switch is installed on the cylinder.
  • an induction switch is installed on the cylinder.
  • the working method of a computer panel saw includes the following steps:
  • the boot system is initialized.
  • the origin reset includes the cutting device and the work clamp feeding device moving to the set origin position.
  • the work clamp operation program After pressing the continuous start button, the work clamp operation program starts, the pressing operation program starts, and the cutting board operation program starts.
  • the work clamp operation program starts, the pressing operation program starts, and the cutting board operation program starts, and the processing starts; when the processing starts, the work clamp feeding device moves to the set discharge position.
  • the work clamp feeding device moves to the set unwinding position, and the feed moving seat including the work clamp feeding device is driven by the feeding moving seat drive mechanism, and moves to the set unwinding position along the guiding mechanism of the feeding moving seat.
  • the moving seat drives the clamping mechanism on it to move to the set unwinding position; in the set unwinding position, the movable clamping piece of the clamping mechanism is opened relative to the fixed clamping piece; the set unwinding position is generally the clamping mechanism The original position of the initial setting;
  • the work clamp feeding device moves to the set unloading position, perform the pre-loading and place the plates; that is, manually place the plates from the front, that is, the side of the discharge direction; when the pre-loading and placing the plates, the pressing device is raised.
  • the plate passes between the pressing device and the worktable and then extends between the movable clamping piece and the fixed clamping piece of the clamping mechanism until the back side of the plate is flush with the front clamping surface of the clamping mechanism;
  • the work clamp feeding device clamps the plate and retracts to the set initial feeding position; that is, after the work clamp feeding device clamps the corresponding plate, the feeding moving seat of the work clamp feeding device moves through the feeding Driven by the base driving mechanism, the clamping mechanism is driven to the set feeding starting position along the guide mechanism of the feeding moving base; after the work clamp feeding device clamps the corresponding plate and retreats to the set starting feeding position, the work clamp feeding device advances to sawing Position; the work clamp feeding device advances to the sawing position, including, the feeding moving seat drives the clamp mechanism on it to move forward to the sawing position, in the sawing position, the clamp flip seat of the clamp mechanism is still installed relative to the clamp The seat is turned to the lower position, and the movable and fixed clamping parts of the clamping mechanism clamp the plate; the sawing position of the main workpiece feeding device is the vertical clamp on the side of the clamping mechanism holding the plate near the worktable.
  • the distance between the holding plane and the zero plane (saw cutting surface) is the length
  • the pressing device presses the material
  • the work clamp feeding device clamps the plate and retracts to the set position, and the side aligning device moves to the set position and then rises. There is a certain distance; after the side aligning device runs to the set position, the work clamp feeding device advances to the sawing position; the work clamp feeding device advances to the sawing position, and the side aligning device is executed; the side alignment device is aligning Afterwards, execute the pressing device to press the material;
  • the pressing device rises, the work clamp feeding device advances the set cutting length to feed, and then returns to the pressing device to hold the material;

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Abstract

一种电脑裁板锯的控制系统及工作方法。该电脑裁板锯包括可编程控制器，与可编程控制器连接的数据总线，双向控制并联连接到数据总线上的工夹送料装置控制单元、压料装置控制单元、裁切装置控制单元；该工夹送料装置控制单元包括工夹送料进给机构控制单元和复数个夹钳机构控制单元；该压料装置控制单元包括两个压料装置升降控制单元；该裁切装置控制单元包括裁切装置进给控制单元、裁切装置升降控制单元、主锯驱动控制单元、副锯驱动控制单元、板宽检测装置控制单元。该电脑裁板锯的控制系统的优点是安全性高、容错能力强、高效、稳定、精度高，控制结构简单。

Description

一种电脑裁板锯的控制系统及工作方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种人造板(包括密度板、颗粒板、多层板等)及其类似物的开料加工设备，尤其是涉及一种对板材进行裁切且具有高档数控系统的大型精密的高速电脑裁板锯的控制系统及工作方法。
背景技术
生产板式家具的组件一般为长方形板料，这种组合件由大块板材木料锯切开成小料组合而成。电脑裁板锯是一种人造板及其类似物的开料设备，主要应用于板式家具的生产过程中。
专利号为201720226821.6、公开公告日为2017年11月10日的实用新型专利中，公开了一种高速电脑裁板锯，包括机台、设置于机台的控制器、设置于机台的送料装置、用于压紧待锯切板料的压料装置、用于锯切板料的锯车及设置于锯车一侧的出料装置，所述锯车包括车身底板、设置于车身底板一侧的主锯装置、副锯装置、升降式侧靠装置及设置于车身底板另一侧的锯车横移驱动机构，所述主锯装置包括主锯刀座、用于驱动主锯刀座转动的主锯驱动机构及用于驱动主锯刀座升降的主锯升降驱动机构，所述副锯装置包括副锯刀座、用于驱动副锯刀座转动的副锯驱动机构及用于驱动副锯刀座升降的副锯升降驱动机构，所述升降式侧靠装置设置于车身底板的一端。
所述升降式侧靠装置包括固定座、设置于固定座的升降驱动机构。所述升降驱动机构包括升降气缸。所述锯车横移驱动机构包括横移电机、连接于 横移电机的减速器。所述副锯装置还包括用于调节副锯刀座纵向位置的副锯调节机构，所述副锯调节机构包括的调节电机。所述压料装置包括压料驱动机构。所述送料装置包括送料推进机构、连接于送料推进机构的若干夹钳机构。所述压料装置包括压料驱动机构。
专利号为201110336925.X、公开公告日为2013年12月18日的发明专利中，公开了一种后上料高速电脑裁板锯，包括有一机台主体、一送料单元和一电脑操控系统。
该机台主体包括有工作台、用于将板料压紧定位于工作台上的压料装置以及用于对位于工作台上的板料进行裁切作业的裁切装置，该压料装置和裁切装置均安装于工作台上。
该压料装置包括有压料送料移动座、活动座、设置在压料送料移动座的两端的两第一驱动缸体和第二驱动缸体、第三电机；该压料送料移动座横向设置于工作台的正上方，该活动座通过直线导轨可横向活动地设置于压料送料移动座上并随压料送料移动座上下活动；该第二驱动缸体设置于活动座上随活动座横向移动，该第二驱动缸体用于加强压料送料移动座中部的压紧定位效果，该第二驱动缸体为两个，该两第二驱动缸体分别位于压料送料移动座的前侧和后侧；该第三电机通过传动链带动活动座沿直线导轨横向来回移动，该两第二驱动缸体随活动座同步移动而使得压料送料移动座有针对性地对板料进行巩固地压紧定位，从而使得裁切作业更加精确。
该裁切装置包括有活动基座和主锯组件和副锯组件，该活动基座可左右横向活动地设置于工作台的下方；该主锯组件和副锯组件均可上下活动地设置于活动基座上并随活动基座左右横向活动。
该主锯组件包括有主电机、主锯片、主电机座和主驱动缸体；该主电机通过第一传动带带动主锯片转动，该主驱动缸体带动主电机座相对活动基座上下活动。
该副锯组件包括有副电机、副锯片、副电机座和副驱动缸体；副电机通过第二传动带带动副锯片转动，该副驱动缸体带动副电机座相对活动基座上下活动。
该送料单元位于机台主体的后侧，该送料单元包括有进料装置和上料装置，该进料装置设置于机台主体和上料装置之间；进料装置包括有进料架以及用于将板料从进料架推至工作台上的第一推进机构；该上料装置包括有上料架、用于将板料向上提起的升降台以及用于将板料从上料架推至进料架的第二推进机构。
该进料架的左右两侧均设置有前后延伸的第一导轨，前述第一推进机构设置于该第一导轨上沿第一导轨前后移动，且该进料架的底部设置有多排滚轮组件；该第一推进机构包括有第一送料移动座、第一电机和多个用于夹住板料后端的夹钳机构；该第一送料移动座的两端分别抵于对应的第一导轨上，该第一电机固定于第一送料移动座上，第一电机为伺服电机，第一电机通过第一传动轴带动第一送料移动座沿第一导轨前后移动；该多个夹钳机构间隔设置于第一送料移动座上随第一送料移动座同步移动。
该夹钳机构包括有支座组件和夹钳组件；该支座组件包括有固定片、定位块和两左右设置的夹爪座；该固定片与第一送料移动座固定连接，且该固定片连接于两夹爪座的后端之间；该定位块固定连接于两夹爪座的前端之间；该夹钳组件位于两夹爪座之间，夹钳组件包括有上驱动缸体、下驱动缸体、 上夹爪、下夹爪、摆杆和连杆；该上驱动缸体和下驱动缸体均为气压式驱动缸体，不以为限，该上驱动缸体的后端与夹爪座枢接，上驱动缸体的前端向前伸出有上活塞杆，该上活塞杆与摆杆的上端枢接；该摆杆的下端与夹爪座枢接，摆杆上设置有限位通槽；该下驱动缸体的后端与夹爪座枢接，下驱动缸体的前端向前伸出有下活塞杆，该下活塞杆的前端穿过前述限位通槽向前伸出并与下夹爪固定连接，该下活塞杆带动下夹爪可活动地向前伸出前述定位块；该上夹爪的后端与夹爪座枢接，上夹爪的前端向前伸出前述定位块；该连杆的两端分别与上夹爪和摆杆枢接。
工作时，首先，由下驱动缸体作用并通过下活塞杆带动下夹爪向前伸出定位块，以此使得下夹爪抵于板料后端的底部；接着，由上驱动缸体作用并通过上活塞杆带动摆杆的上端向前转动，由该摆杆向前转动而通过连杆带动上夹爪向下转动，从而使得上夹爪的前端抵于板料后端的顶部上，以此，利用上夹爪和下夹爪牢固夹住板料的后端；当需要将板料松开时，只需依次使上驱动缸体和下驱动缸体复位即可。
该上料架的左右两侧均设置有前后延伸的第二导轨，前述第二推进机构设置于该第二导轨上沿第二导轨前后移动。
该升降台包括有一框架、多个导辊和至少四丝杆，该四丝杆分别设置于框架的四个边角处，该多个导辊左右并排可转动地设置于框架内，由该多个导辊的转动可轻易将叠合一起的板料送上升降台上。
该第二推进机构包括有第二送料移动座、第二电机和多个推块组件；该第二送料移动座的两端分别抵于前述对应的第二导轨上，该第二电机固定于第二送料移动座上，第二电机为伺服电机，第二电机通过第二传动轴带动第 二送料移动座沿第二导轨前后移动；该多个推块组件间隔设置于第二送料移动座上随第二送料移动座同步移动，且该第二送料移动座的前侧设置有护杆，工作时，该护杆抵于板料的上表面，该推块组件抵于板料后端面上，并由第二电机带动第二送料移动座向前移动，从而实现将板料向前推入进料架上。
该电脑操控系统包括有触摸屏和开关按钮，利用该触摸屏和开关按钮进行编程和对机器进行操控，以此控制前述压料装置、裁切装置、进料装置和上料装置的工作，使压料装置、裁切装置、进料装置和上料装置相互配合完成对板料的裁切作业。
该发明主要用于板式家具制造及木制品行业对人造纤维板作裁板作业用，主要的工作步骤如下：
首先，利用上料装置进行自动上料：将多个板料叠合一起并堆积于上料架的升降台上,板料的堆积高度不超过mm；接着，由电脑控制系统控制升降台工作，使升降台将堆积一起板料提升一个板厚距离，此时，位于升降台最顶部的板料凸起于进料架之平面的上方；然后，由电脑控制系统控制第二推进机构工作，使得第二电机通过第二传动轴带动第二横梁沿第二轨道向前移动，该推块组件抵于板料的后端面上随第二横梁同步向前移动，从而使得板料向前移动至进料架中，当板料被完全送入进料架中后，由电脑控制系统控制第二推进机构向后复位。
接着，利用进料装置进行自动进料：由电脑控制系统控制第一推进机构工作；该第一推进机构工作时，首先，使多个夹钳机构同时工作，由下驱动缸体作用并通过下活塞杆带动下夹爪向前伸出定位块，以此使得下夹爪抵于板料后端的底部；接着，由上驱动缸体作用并通过上活塞杆带动摆杆的上端 向前转动，由该摆杆向前转动而通过连杆带动上夹爪向下转动，从而使得上夹爪的前端抵于板料后端的顶部上，以此，利用上夹爪和下夹爪牢固夹住板料的后端；然后，由该第一电机通过第一传动轴带动第一横梁沿第一轨道向前移动，该多个夹钳机构随第一横梁同步向前移动，从而使得板料按工件所需的尺寸向前移动进入工作台的通道中。
然后，配合利用压料装置和裁切装置对位于工作台上的板料进行裁切作业：当上述板料按工件所需的尺寸送入工作台的通道中，使第一推进机构停止工作，接着，由电脑控制系统控制压料装置工作，使得压料横梁在第一驱动缸体的作用下向下移动压于板料的上表面上，以此对板料进行压紧定位，若需要对板料进行更好的压紧定位，可使第三电极带动活动座沿直线导轨移动到合适的位置上，并使第二驱动缸体下压到板料上，将板料压紧定位；然后，由电脑控制系统控制裁切装置工作，由主电机带动主锯片转动，并配合由副电机带动副锯片转动，以此对板料进行裁切，得到了一个工件，工件向出料台输出；接着，以此使裁切装置和压料装置复位，然后使该第一推进机构再次工作，使得板料向前移动一个工件的长度，接着，重复上述动作，利用压料装置和裁切装置对板料进行裁切，直至将该板料全部裁切成多个工件。
当该板料全部裁切成多个工件后，使第一推进机构向后复位，并重复以上动作依次不断地将升降台上各块板料裁切成所需的工件。
专利号为201710224666.9、公开公告日为2017年7月21日的发明专利中，公开了一种纵横切电脑裁板锯设备，包括有控制单元及分别连接于控制单元的上料单元、纵向锯切单元、过渡送料单元、升降式纵横双向输送平台、横向锯切单元、余料废料处理单元；
其中，所述纵向锯切单元包括有纵锯主机机架、纵锯锯车、纵锯压力送料移动座、纵锯工作台、纵锯板材前靠齐装置、纵锯上料推杆送料移动座组件、第一输送平台；纵锯上料推杆送料移动座组件沿第一输送平台将板材推向纵锯板材前靠齐装置进行前后靠齐；前述上料单元衔接于第一输送平台的入料端；
所述过渡送料单元包括有用于将完成纵切的板材从纵向锯切单元勾出的取送料勾手机构、用于将余料送入前述余料废料处理单元的余料落料机构及衔接于纵向锯切单元输出侧的第二输送平台；
所述升降式纵横双向输送平台包括有彼此交错设置的横向输送单元及纵向输送单元；所述横向输送单元相对纵向输送单元可升降式设置；所述横向输送单元衔接于前述第二输送平台的输出侧；所述纵向输送单元的前侧衔接于前述横向锯切单元；所述纵向输送单元的后侧设置有用于向前推送板材的抓板机械手机构；所述横向输送单元的右侧设置有第一板材侧靠齐装置，所述横向输送单元的左侧设置有第二板材侧靠齐装置；
所述横向锯切单元包括有横锯主机机架、横锯锯车、横锯压力送料移动座、横锯工作台、横锯板材前靠齐装置、第三输送平台；所述第三输送平台的前端衔接横锯压力送料移动座所在位置，所述第三输送平台的后端设置有横锯板材前靠齐装置。
上述专利，虽然公开了电脑裁板锯各个装置的机械结构，但并没有公开各个装置的控制单元和高速电脑裁板锯的控制系统。由于涉及多个装置、多种加工功能，还有多种运动，因而如何运动效率最高而不干涉、如何通过控制系统来实现这些运动，是本领域的技术人员需要付出非常多的创造性劳动。 还有，相同的设备，相同的机械装置，可以是不同的控制系统，如何实现最高效、最可靠的加工方法且能通过控制系统来实现，对本领域的技术人员来说，比机械结构更需要付出创造性劳动，也是制约着传统的数控设备向智能化发展的关键因素。
专利号为CN201710224091.0的发明专利中，公开了一种全自动纵横切电脑裁板锯设备的电气控制系统，包括有人机交互控制单元和分别通讯连接于人机交互控制单元的横锯PLC、纵锯PLC、辅机PLC；所述横锯PLC与纵锯PLC相互连接，所述横锯PLC与辅机PLC相互连接；所述纵锯PLC分别控制连接有纵锯自动上料控制单元、纵锯自动开料控制单元；所述横锯PLC分别控制连接有横锯侧靠齐及前向齐板控制单元、横锯自动开料控制单元；所述辅机PLC分别控制连接有自动过渡取送料控制单元、自动排废料碎料控制单元、成品自动传送控制单元。该专利并没有公开具体的系统组成，只是公开了大的控制单元。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在不足，本发明要解决的第一个技术问题是，提供一种以总线技术为核心、安全性高、容错能力强、高效、稳定、精度高，控制结构简单、模块化结构的高速电脑裁板锯的控制系统。
本发明要解决的第二个技术问题是，提供一种运动逻辑合理有序、运动可靠、高效且能通过控制系统低成本实现的高速电脑裁板锯的工作方法。
一种电脑裁板锯的控制系统，包括可编程控制器(PLC)，与可编程控制器连接的数据总线，双向控制并联连接到数据总线上的工夹送料装置控制单元、压料装置控制单元、裁切装置控制单元；
该工夹送料装置控制单元包括工夹送料进给机构控制单元和复数个夹钳机构控制单元；
该工夹送料进给机构控制单元包括与数据总线双向控制并联连接的I/O模块，与I/O模块双向控制串联连接的工夹伺服驱动器，与工夹伺服驱动器双向控制串联连接的工夹伺服电机；
该夹钳机构控制单元包括夹钳机构夹紧控制单元；该夹钳机构夹紧控制单元包括与数据总线双向控制并联连接的I/O模块，与I/O模块单向控制串联连接的电磁阀，与电磁阀单向控制串联连接的夹紧气缸；I/O模块单向控制电磁阀，电磁阀单向控制夹紧气缸；
该压料装置控制单元包括两个压料装置升降控制单元；
该压料装置升降控制单元包括与数据总线双向控制并联连接的I/O模块，与I/O模块单向控制串联连接的电磁阀，与电磁阀单向控制串联连接的气缸，及安装在气缸上一个感应开关，感应开关与I/O模块双向控制串联连接；I/O模块单向控制电磁阀，电磁阀单向控制气缸；
该裁切装置控制单元包括裁切装置进给控制单元、裁切装置升降控制单元、主锯驱动控制单元、副锯驱动控制单元、板宽检测装置控制单元；
该裁切装置进给控制单元包括与数据总线双向控制并联连接的裁切装置伺服驱动器，与裁切装置伺服驱动器双向控制串联连接的裁切装置伺服电机；
该裁切装置升降控制单元包括与数据总线双向控制并联连接的I/O模块，与I/O模块单向控制串联连接的电磁阀，与电磁阀单向控制串联连接的气缸，及安装在气缸上两个感应开关，两个感应开关并联后与I/O模块双向控制连接；I/O模块单向控制电磁阀，电磁阀单向控制气缸；
该主锯驱动控制单元包括与数据总线双向控制并联连接的I/O模块，与I/O模块单向控制串联连接的热继电器，与热继电器单向控制串联连接的接触器，与接触器单向控制串联连接的主锯电机；I/O模块单向控制热继电器，热继电器单向控制接触器，接触器单向控制主锯电机；
该副锯驱动控制单元包括与数据总线双向控制并联连接的I/O模块，与I/O模块单向控制串联连接的热继电器，与热继电器单向控制串联连接的接触器，与接触器单向控制串联连接的副锯电机；I/O模块单向控制热继电器，热继电器单向控制接触器，接触器单向控制副锯电机；
该板宽检测装置控制单元包括与数据总线双向控制并联连接的I/O模块，与I/O模块单向控制连接的光电开关，与I/O模块单向控制连接的电磁阀，与电磁阀单向控制串联连接的气嘴；光电开关单向控制I/O模块，I/O模块单向控制电磁阀，电磁阀单向控制气嘴。
一种电脑裁板锯的工作方法包括以下步骤：
工夹送料装置运动到设定放料位置，包括工夹送料装置的送料移动座通过送料移动座驱动机构驱动，沿送料移动座导向机构运动到设定放料位置，送料移动座带动其上的夹钳机构运动到设定放料位置；在设定放料位置，夹钳机构的动夹钳件相对定夹钳件张开；设定放料位置一般为夹钳机构初始设置的原点位置；
工夹送料装置运动到设定放料位置后，执行前上料放置板材；也就是从前方即出料方向的一侧人工手动放置板材；前上料放置板材时，压料装置是上升的，板材从压料装置与工作台之间通过后伸入夹钳机构的动夹钳件和定夹钳件之间，直至板材后侧与夹钳机构的前夹持面齐平定位；
前上料放置板材后，执行工夹送料装置夹紧板材，并判断是否使用侧齐板装置？
如果否，则不使用侧齐板装置，工夹送料装置夹紧板材后退到设定起始送料位置；即工夹送料装置夹紧相应的板材后，工夹送料装置的送料移动座通过送料移动座驱动机构驱动，沿送料移动座导向机构带动夹钳机构后退到设定送料起始位置；工夹送料装置夹紧相应板材后退到设定起始送料位置后，工夹送料装置前进至锯切位置；工夹送料装置前进至锯切位置包括，送料移动座带动其上的夹钳机构向前运动到锯切位置，在锯切位置，仍保持夹钳机构的夹钳翻转座相对夹钳安装座翻转到下方位置，夹钳机构的动夹钳件和定夹钳件夹紧板材；主工件送料装置的锯切位置为夹持板材的夹钳机构靠近工作台的一侧所在的竖直夹持平面距离零点平面(锯切面)的距离为夹钳机构夹持的板材长度-被裁切板材的长度时工夹送料装置所处的位置；
工夹送料装置前进至锯切位置后，执行压料装置压料；
如果是，使用侧齐板装置，工夹送料装置夹紧板材后退到设定位置，侧齐板装置运行到设定位置后上升，该设定位置离已从前方放置的板材的最右侧还有一定距离；侧齐板装置运行到设定位置后，执行工夹送料装置前进至锯切位置；工夹送料装置前进至锯切位置，执行侧齐板装置齐料；侧齐板装置齐料后，执行压料装置压料；
压料装置压料后，执行裁切装置锯切板材；
裁切装置每锯切完一次，判断同一板材是否锯切完成？
如果否，即同一板材没有锯切完成，压料装置上升，工夹送料装置前进设定的裁切长度送料，再返回到该压料装置压料；
如果是，即同一板材锯切完成，工夹送料装置的夹钳装置的上、下夹爪打开，工夹送料装置后退到设定位置；
工夹送料装置后退到设定位置后，判断是否全部锯切完成？
如果是，结束加工；
如果否，返回到该工夹送料装置运动到设定放料位置。
本发明的一个或多个实施例的细节在下面的附图和描述中提出。本发明的其它特征、目的和优点将从说明书、附图以及权利要求书变得明显。
附图说明
图1为实施例1的电脑裁板锯的控制系统的总示意图；
图2为实施例1的控制系统的工夹送料装置控制单元的示意图；
图3为实施例1的控制系统的侧齐板装置控制单元、压料装置控制单元、裁切装置控制单元的示意图；
图4为实施例2的电脑裁板锯的控制系统的总示意图；
图5为实施例2的电脑裁板锯的控制系统的上料装置控制单元、推料装置控制单元、前齐板装置控制单元的示意图；
图6为实施例3的电脑裁板锯的控制系统的上料装置控制单元、推料装置控制单元、前齐板装置控制单元的示意图；
图7为实施例4的工作方法的总流程图的第一部分；
图8为实施例4的工作方法的总流程图第二部分。
具体实施方式
为了便于理解本发明，下面将参照相关附图对本发明进行更全面的描述。附图中给出了本发明的较佳实施例。但是，本发明可以以许多不同的形式来实现，并不限于本文所描述的实施例。相反地，提供这些实施例的目的是使 对本发明的公开内容的理解更加透彻全面。
需要说明的是，当元件被称为“固定于”另一个元件，它可以直接在另一个元件上或者也可以存在居中的元件。当一个元件被认为是“连接”另一个元件，它可以是直接连接到另一个元件或者可能同时存在居中元件。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本发明的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在本发明的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本发明。
实施例1
如图1所示，一种电脑裁板锯的控制系统，包括人机交换控制单元，通过以太网与人机交换控制单元双向控制连接的可编程控制器(PLC)，与可编程控制器连接的数据总线，双向控制并联连接到数据总线上的工夹送料装置控制单元、侧齐板装置控制单元、压料装置控制单元、裁切装置控制单元。
人机交换控制单元包括工控机，与工控机单向控制连接的鼠标及键盘，与工控机双向控制连接的工厂局域网；鼠标及键盘单向控制工控机。工控机通过以太网与可编程控制器双向控制连接。
可编程控制器(PLC)是指计算机数字控制机床(computer numerical control)的程序控制系统。可编程控制器控制工夹送料装置控制单元、侧齐板装置控制单元、压料装置控制单元、裁切装置控制单元。
如图2所示，工夹送料装置控制单元包括工夹送料进给机构控制单元和复数个夹钳机构夹紧控制单元。
工夹送料进给机构控制单元包括与数据总线双向控制并联连接的I/O模块，与I/O模块双向控制串联连接的工夹伺服驱动器，与工夹伺服驱动器双 向控制串联连接的工夹伺服电机，及与工夹伺服驱动器双向控制串联连接的电子尺读头。
夹钳机构控制单元包括夹钳机构夹紧控制单元。夹钳机构夹紧控制单元包括与数据总线双向控制并联连接的I/O模块，与I/O模块单向控制串联连接的电磁阀，与电磁阀单向控制串联连接的夹紧气缸；I/O模块单向控制电磁阀，电磁阀单向控制夹紧气缸。
工夹送料装置用一个工夹送料进给机构控制单元控制，结构简单，动作可靠。
每一个夹钳机构控制单元均用一个独立的夹钳机构夹紧控制单元控制，使每一个夹钳机构的开合运动都是独立的，从而使夹钳机构运动更灵活。
可编程控制器(PLC)通过I/O模块发送信号给电磁阀，控制夹抓板材的夹紧气缸动作，实现夹板和放板；夹紧气缸上无感应开关，能使夹钳机构的上夹钳停留在任意位置，从而能夹持连续变化宽度的板材和确保夹紧板材。
如图3所示，压料装置控制单元包括两个压料装置升降控制单元。
压料装置升降控制单元包括与数据总线双向控制并联连接的I/O模块，与I/O模块单向控制串联连接的电磁阀，与电磁阀单向控制串联连接的气缸，及安装在气缸上一个感应开关，感应开关与I/O模块双向控制串联连接。I/O模块单向控制电磁阀，电磁阀单向控制气缸。
所述压料装置控制单元包括左右两套压料装置升降控制单元，使压梁升降过程中保持平衡。每套压料装置升降控制单元设有一个控制压梁升降的气缸。可编程控制器(PLC)发送信号给控制压梁升降气缸的电磁阀，控制压梁上升或下降，检测气缸动作到位的感应开检测信号反馈给可编程控制器(PLC)， 压料装置升降控制单元的气缸上安装有一个感应开关，能使压料装置停留在任意位置，从而能指定压梁每次上升高度，不用每次上升到顶，可提高工作效率，保证压梁升降过程中的安全性。
侧齐板装置控制单元包括两个侧齐板装置升降控制单元、侧齐板装置移动控制单元。
侧齐板装置升降控制单元包括与数据总线双向控制并联连接的I/O模块，与I/O模块单向控制串联连接的电磁阀，与电磁阀单向控制串联连接的气缸，及安装在气缸上两个感应开关，两个感应开关并联后与I/O模块双向控制连接；I/O模块单向控制电磁阀，电磁阀单向控制气缸。
侧齐板装置移动控制单元包括与数据总线双向控制并联连接的I/O模块，与I/O模块单向控制串联连接的接触器，与接触器单向控制串联连接的侧齐板进给伺服电机；I/O模块单向控制接触器，接触器单向控制侧齐板进给伺服电机。
每套侧齐板装置升降控制单元设有一个控制侧靠板升降的气缸，可编程控制器(PLC)发送信号给靠板升降电磁阀，控制侧靠板上升或下降，相应两感应开关检测到位信号反馈给可编程控制器(PLC)，并通过侧齐板装置升降控制单元实现板材向侧定位基准靠齐的功能。
裁切装置控制单元包括裁切装置进给控制单元、裁切装置升降控制单元、主锯驱动控制单元、副锯驱动控制单元、副锯左右调节机构控制单元、副锯上下调节机构控制单元、板宽检测装置控制单元。
裁切装置进给控制单元包括与数据总线双向控制并联连接的裁切装置伺服驱动器，与裁切装置伺服驱动器双向控制串联连接的裁切装置伺服电机；
裁切装置升降控制单元包括与数据总线双向控制并联连接的I/O模块，与I/O模块单向控制串联连接的电磁阀，与电磁阀单向控制串联连接的气缸，及安装在气缸上两个感应开关，两个感应开关并联后与I/O模块双向控制连接；I/O模块单向控制电磁阀，电磁阀单向控制气缸。
主锯驱动控制单元包括与数据总线双向控制并联连接的I/O模块，与I/O模块单向控制串联连接的热继电器，与热继电器单向控制串联连接的接触器，与接触器单向控制串联连接的主锯电机；I/O模块单向控制热继电器，热继电器单向控制接触器，接触器单向控制主锯电机。
副锯驱动控制单元包括与数据总线双向控制并联连接的I/O模块，与I/O模块单向控制串联连接的热继电器，与热继电器单向控制串联连接的接触器，与接触器单向控制串联连接的副锯电机；I/O模块单向控制热继电器，热继电器单向控制接触器，接触器单向控制副锯电机。
副锯左右调节机构控制单元包括与数据总线双向控制并联连接的I/O模块，与I/O模块单向控制串联连接的副锯步进驱动器，与副锯步进驱动器双向控制串联连接的副锯步进电机；I/O模块单向控制副锯步进驱动器。
副锯上下调节机构控制单元包括与数据总线双向控制并联连接的I/O模块，与I/O模块单向控制串联连接的中间继电器，与中间继电器单向控制串联连接的副锯上下电机；I/O模块单向控制中间继电器，中间继电器单向控制副锯上下电机。
板宽检测装置控制单元包括与数据总线双向控制并联连接的I/O模块，与I/O模块单向控制连接的光电开关，与I/O模块单向控制连接的电磁阀，与电磁阀单向控制串联连接的气嘴；光电开关单向控制I/O模块，I/O模块 单向控制电磁阀，电磁阀单向控制气嘴。
副锯左右调节机构控制单元通过可编程控制器(PLC)发送信号给副锯步进驱动器，副锯步进驱动器控制副锯步进电机，调节副锯的左右位置，调节精准。
副锯上下调节机构控制单元通过可编程控制器(PLC)发送信号给中间继电器，中间继电器控制副锯上下电机，调节副锯的上下位置，成本低。
板宽检测装置控制单元的光电开关安装在裁切装置上面，随裁切装置运动检测板件宽度，裁切装置停止，工夹送料装置拉动板件运动，可检测板件长度，所以板宽检测装置的使用，板件可以随意放置在台面任意处，对于超大板件可不必挪动到机器一端靠齐，方便操作人员操作，提高生产效率。
所述裁切装置进给控制单元、工夹送料进给机构控制单元、侧齐板装置移动控制单元采用伺服驱动系统，可编程控制器(PLC)与各个伺服驱动器之间采用定位精准的脉冲控制方式，控制相应的伺服电机，实现精准无误的定位移动。
实施例2
如图4所示，与实施例1不同的是，电脑裁板锯还包括上料装置控制单元、推料装置控制单元、前齐板装置控制单元
如图5所示，上料装置控制单元包括上料装置进料控制单元与上料装置上料控制单元。
上料装置进料控制单元包括与数据总线双向控制并联连接的I/O模块，与I/O模块单向控制串联连接的热继电器，与热继电器单向控制串联连接的接触器，与接触器单向控制串联连接的进料电机；I/O模块单向控制热继电 器，热继电器单向控制接触器，接触器单向控制进料电机。
上料装置上料控制单元包括与数据总线双向控制并联连接的I/O模块，与I/O模块单向控制串联连接的热继电器，与热继电器单向控制串联连接的接触器，与接触器单向控制串联连接的上料电机；I/O模块单向控制热继电器，热继电器单向控制接触器，接触器单向控制上料电机。
上料装置进料控制单元与上料装置上料控制单元均通过热继电器和接触器控制，接触器控制电机的通断，热继电器用来保护电机使之不过载，使电机的使用更安全可靠。I/O模块为输入输出模块。
推料装置控制单元包括两个推料装置升降控制单元；推料装置升降控制单元包括与数据总线双向控制并联连接的I/O模块，与I/O模块单向控制串联连接的继电器，与继电器单向控制串联连接的推料升降电机，与推料升降电机单向控制串联连接的位移传感器，与位移传感器单向控制串联连接的AI模块，AI模块单向控制并联连接到数据总线上；I/O模块单向控制继电器，继电器单向控制推料升降电机，推料升降电机单向控制位移传感器，位移传感器单向控制AI模块。
所述推料装置升降控制单元由可编程控制器(PLC)通过I/O模块、继电器控制推料升降电机动作，带动推料装置的定量推板器升起一定高度，同时采用位移传感器精确检测检测板件厚度，将模拟量信号通过AI模块输入给可编程控制器(PLC)，保证上料装置上料数量满足系统设定。当检测到定量推板器升起到所需锯切足够的板厚后，上料架停止上升。推料装置控制单元的两个推料装置分别通过相应的推料装置升降控制单元控制，由于使用了位移传感器，因而能保证两套推料装置运动更同步，使运动更可靠。AI模块为模 拟信号输入模块。
前齐板装置控制单元包括两个前齐板装置升降控制单元；前齐板装置升降控制单元包括与数据总线双向控制并联连接的I/O模块，与I/O模块单向控制串联连接的电磁阀，与电磁阀单向控制串联连接的气缸，及安装在气缸上的两个感应开关，两个感应开关并联后与I/O模块双向控制连接。I/O模块单向控制电磁阀，电磁阀单向控制气缸。
所述前齐控制单元由可编程控制器(PLC)通过I/O模块发送信号给电磁阀，控制前齐板装置升降控制单元的气缸前进或后退，气缸前进或后退到位后，相应感应开关检测信号反馈给可编程控制器(PLC)，实现对板材前靠齐的功能和板材需通过前齐板装置时的避让功能。前齐板装置的气缸上安装有两个感应开关，使前齐板装置高出送料架的送料平面的高度和低于送料架的送料平面的高度是确定的，从而使前齐板装置上升时实现对板材的前侧齐平，下降时确保低于送料架的送料平面避免与其它装置发生干涉。
实施例3
如图6所示，与实施例2不同的是，上料装置控制单元包括上料装置进料控制单元和上料装置上料控制单元。
上料装置进料控制单元包括与数据总线双向控制并联连接的I/O模块，与I/O模块单向控制串联连接的热继电器，与热继电器单向控制串联连接的接触器，与接触器单向控制串联连接的进料电机；I/O模块单向控制热继电器，热继电器单向控制接触器，接触器单向控制进料电机。
上料装置上料控制单元包括与数据总线双向控制并联连接的I/O模块，与I/O模块单向控制串联连接的热继电器，与热继电器单向控制串联连接的 接触器，与接触器单向控制串联连接的液压油泵马达，与液压油泵马达单向控制串联连接的液压电磁阀，与液压电磁阀单向控制串联连接的油缸，在油缸上设有行程开关，行程开关与I/O模块双向控制连接；I/O模块单向控制热继电器，热继电器单向控制接触器，接触器单向控制液压油泵马达，液压油泵马达单向控制液压电磁阀，液压电磁阀单向控制油缸。
上料装置进料控制单元与上料装置上料控制单元均通过热继电器和接触器控制，接触器控制电机的通断，热继电器用来保护电机使之不过载，使电机的使用更安全可靠。I/O模块为输入输出模块。
推料装置控制单元与实施例3不同的是，还包括推料装置移动控制单元。
推料装置移动控制单元包括与数据总线双向控制并联连接的I/O模块，与I/O模块双向控制串联连接的推料伺服驱动器，与推料伺服驱动器双向控制串联连接的推料伺服电机；I/O模块单向控制推料伺服驱动器。
推料装置控制单元有独自的推料装置移动控制单元，使推料装置能相对工夹送料装置独自前后移动，这样在工夹送料装置送料的过程中，推料装置还能执行推料，提高设备的工作效率。
侧齐板装置控制单元与实施例3不同的是，还包括侧齐板装置齐板控制单元。
侧齐板装置齐板控制单元包括与数据总线双向控制并联连接的I/O模块，与I/O模块单向控制串联连接的电磁阀，与电磁阀单向控制串联连接的气缸，及安装在气缸上一个感应开关，感应开关与I/O模块双向控制串联连接；I/O模块单向控制电磁阀，电磁阀单向控制气缸。
侧齐板装置齐板控制单元的气缸水平安装在侧齐板上，在气缸上安装一 个感应开关，当侧齐板装置在侧齐板进给伺服电机带动下运动到一个大概的位置，然后侧齐板装置齐板控制单元的I/O模块控制电磁阀，与电磁阀相连的气缸受控前进，使侧齐板压紧板材侧面，达到齐板的目的。这样靠气缸动作齐板，压紧力度可通过气压大小调节，即有利于板件的齐平，又可以在齐平过程中有一个缓冲的效果，保护机械结构与侧齐板进给伺服电机过载。
实施例4
如图7所示，电脑裁板锯的工作方法，包括以下步骤：
开机系统初始化。
开机系统初始化后，原点复位。原点复位包括裁切装置、工夹送料装置运动到设定原点位置。
原点复位后，输入加工图案。手动编辑加工图案或自动导入加工图案，选择加工图案，点击下载数据，将加工图案下载给PLC，完成输入加工图案；
输入加工图案后，执行是否启动靠板运行程序？如果是，启动靠板运行程序；准备就绪；如果否，准备就绪。
准备就绪后，按下锯片启动按钮和按下风机启动按钮后,再按下连续启动按钮。
按下连续启动按钮后，工夹运行程序启动，压料运行程序启动，裁板运行程序启动。
工夹运行程序启动，压料运行程序启动，裁板运行程序启动后，开始加工；开始加工时，工夹送料装置运动到设定放料位置。
如图8所示，工夹送料装置运动到设定放料位置，包括工夹送料装置的送料移动座通过送料移动座驱动机构驱动，沿送料移动座导向机构运动到设 定放料位置，送料移动座带动其上的夹钳机构运动到设定放料位置；在设定放料位置，夹钳机构的动夹钳件相对定夹钳件张开；设定放料位置一般为夹钳机构初始设置的原点位置；
工夹送料装置运动到设定放料位置后，执行前上料放置板材；也就是从前方即出料方向的一侧人工手动放置板材；前上料放置板材时，压料装置是上升的，板材从压料装置与工作台之间通过后伸入夹钳机构的动夹钳件和定夹钳件之间，直至板材后侧与夹钳机构的前夹持面齐平定位；
前上料放置板材后，执行工夹送料装置夹紧板材，并判断是否使用侧齐板装置？
如果否，则不使用侧齐板装置，工夹送料装置夹紧板材后退到设定起始送料位置；即工夹送料装置夹紧相应的板材后，工夹送料装置的送料移动座通过送料移动座驱动机构驱动，沿送料移动座导向机构带动夹钳机构后退到设定送料起始位置；工夹送料装置夹紧相应板材后退到设定起始送料位置后，工夹送料装置前进至锯切位置；工夹送料装置前进至锯切位置包括，送料移动座带动其上的夹钳机构向前运动到锯切位置，在锯切位置，仍保持夹钳机构的夹钳翻转座相对夹钳安装座翻转到下方位置，夹钳机构的动夹钳件和定夹钳件夹紧板材；主工件送料装置的锯切位置为夹持板材的夹钳机构靠近工作台的一侧所在的竖直夹持平面距离零点平面(锯切面)的距离为夹钳机构夹持的板材长度-被裁切板材的长度时工夹送料装置所处的位置；
工夹送料装置前进至锯切位置后，执行压料装置压料；
如果是，使用侧齐板装置，工夹送料装置夹紧板材后退到设定位置，侧齐板装置运行到设定位置后上升，该设定位置离已从前方放置的板材的最右 侧还有一定距离；侧齐板装置运行到设定位置后，执行工夹送料装置前进至锯切位置；工夹送料装置前进至锯切位置，执行侧齐板装置齐料；侧齐板装置齐料后，执行压料装置压料；
压料装置压料后，执行裁切装置锯切板材；
裁切装置每锯切完一次，判断同一板材是否锯切完成？
如果否，即同一板材没有锯切完成，压料装置上升，工夹送料装置前进设定的裁切长度送料，再返回到该压料装置压料；
如果是，即同一板材锯切完成，工夹送料装置的夹钳装置的上、下夹爪打开，工夹送料装置后退到设定位置；
工夹送料装置后退到设定位置后，判断是否全部锯切完成？
如果是，结束加工；
如果否，返回到该工夹送料装置运动到设定放料位置。
如果是，即板材锯切完成，工夹送料装置的夹钳机构的动夹钳件、定夹钳件打开，工夹送料装置后退到设定位置后，判断是否全部锯切完成？
是否全部锯切完成？
如果是，结束加工；
如果否，返回到所述的工夹送料装置运动到设定放料位置。
以上所述，仅是本实用新型的的较佳实施例而已，并非对本实用新型的技术范围作任何限制，故凡是依据本实用新型的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何细微修改、等同变化与修饰，均仍属于本实用新型的技术方案的范围内。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详 细，但并不能因此而理解为对本发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种电脑裁板锯的控制系统，包括可编程控制器(PLC)，与可编程控制器连接的数据总线，双向控制并联连接到数据总线上的工夹送料装置控制单元、压料装置控制单元、裁切装置控制单元；其特征在于：
    该工夹送料装置控制单元包括工夹送料进给机构控制单元和复数个夹钳机构控制单元；
    该工夹送料进给机构控制单元包括与数据总线双向控制并联连接的I/O模块，与I/O模块双向控制串联连接的工夹伺服驱动器，与工夹伺服驱动器双向控制串联连接的工夹伺服电机；
    该夹钳机构控制单元包括夹钳机构夹紧控制单元；该夹钳机构夹紧控制单元包括与数据总线双向控制并联连接的I/O模块，与I/O模块单向控制串联连接的电磁阀，与电磁阀单向控制串联连接的夹紧气缸；I/O模块单向控制电磁阀，电磁阀单向控制夹紧气缸；
    该压料装置控制单元包括两个压料装置升降控制单元；
    该压料装置升降控制单元包括与数据总线双向控制并联连接的I/O模块，与I/O模块单向控制串联连接的电磁阀，与电磁阀单向控制串联连接的气缸，及安装在气缸上一个感应开关，感应开关与I/O模块双向控制串联连接；I/O模块单向控制电磁阀，电磁阀单向控制气缸；
    该裁切装置控制单元包括裁切装置进给控制单元、裁切装置升降控制单元、主锯驱动控制单元、副锯驱动控制单元、板宽检测装置控制单元；
    该裁切装置进给控制单元包括与数据总线双向控制并联连接的裁切装置伺服驱动器，与裁切装置伺服驱动器双向控制串联连接的裁切装置伺服电机；
    该裁切装置升降控制单元包括与数据总线双向控制并联连接的I/O模块，与I/O模块单向控制串联连接的电磁阀，与电磁阀单向控制串联连接的气缸，及安装在气缸上两个感应开关，两个感应开关并联后与I/O模块双向控制连接；I/O模块单向控制电磁阀，电磁阀单向控制气缸；
    该主锯驱动控制单元包括与数据总线双向控制并联连接的I/O模块，与I/O模块单向控制串联连接的热继电器，与热继电器单向控制串联连接的接触器，与接触器单向控制串联连接的主锯电机；I/O模块单向控制热继电器，热继电器单向控制接触器，接触器单向控制主锯电机；
    该副锯驱动控制单元包括与数据总线双向控制并联连接的I/O模块，与I/O模块单向控制串联连接的热继电器，与热继电器单向控制串联连接的接触器，与接触器单向控制串联连接的副锯电机；I/O模块单向控制热继电器，热继电器单向控制接触器，接触器单向控制副锯电机；
    该板宽检测装置控制单元包括与数据总线双向控制并联连接的I/O模块，与I/O模块单向控制连接的光电开关，与I/O模块单向控制连接的电磁阀，与电磁阀单向控制串联连接的气嘴；光电开关单向控制I/O模块，I/O模块单向控制电磁阀，电磁阀单向控制气嘴。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的一种电脑裁板锯的控制系统，其特征在于：还包括侧齐板装置控制单元；
    该侧齐板装置控制单元包括两个侧齐板装置升降控制单元、侧齐板装置移动控制单元；
    该侧齐板装置升降控制单元包括与数据总线双向控制并联连接的I/O模块，与I/O模块单向控制串联连接的电磁阀，与电磁阀单向控制串联连接的 气缸，及安装在气缸上两个感应开关，两个感应开关并联后与I/O模块双向控制连接；I/O模块单向控制电磁阀，电磁阀单向控制气缸；
    该侧齐板装置移动控制单元包括与数据总线双向控制并联连接的I/O模块，与I/O模块单向控制串联连接的接触器，与接触器单向控制串联连接的侧齐板进给伺服电机；I/O模块单向控制接触器，接触器单向控制侧齐板进给伺服电机。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的一种电脑裁板锯的控制系统，其特征在于：该裁切装置控制单元还包括副锯左右调节机构控制单元、副锯上下调节机构控制单元；
    该副锯左右调节机构控制单元包括与数据总线双向控制并联连接的I/O模块，与I/O模块单向控制串联连接的副锯步进驱动器，与副锯步进驱动器双向控制串联连接的副锯步进电机；I/O模块单向控制副锯步进驱动器；
    该副锯上下调节机构控制单元包括与数据总线双向控制并联连接的I/O模块，与I/O模块单向控制串联连接的中间继电器，与中间继电器单向控制串联连接的副锯上下电机；I/O模块单向控制中间继电器，中间继电器单向控制副锯上下电机。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的一种电脑裁板锯的控制系统，其特征在于：还包括与工夹伺服驱动器双向控制串联连接的电子尺读头。
  5. 如权利要求1至4任意一项权利要求所述的一种电脑裁板锯的控制系统，其特征在于：还包括推料装置控制单元、前齐板装置控制单元；
    该推料装置控制单元包括两个推料装置升降控制单元；该推料装置升降控制单元包括与数据总线双向控制并联连接的I/O模块，与I/O模块单向控 制串联连接的继电器，与继电器单向控制串联连接的推料升降电机，与推料升降电机单向控制串联连接的位移传感器，与位移传感器单向控制串联连接的AI模块，AI模块单向控制并联连接到数据总线上；I/O模块单向控制继电器，继电器单向控制推料升降电机，推料升降电机单向控制位移传感器，位移传感器单向控制AI模块；
    该前齐板装置控制单元包括两个前齐板装置升降控制单元；前齐板装置升降控制单元包括与数据总线双向控制并联连接的I/O模块，与I/O模块单向控制串联连接的电磁阀，与电磁阀单向控制串联连接的气缸，及安装在气缸上的两个感应开关，两个感应开关并联后与I/O模块双向控制连接；I/O模块单向控制电磁阀，电磁阀单向控制气缸。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的一种电脑裁板锯的控制系统，其特征在于：该推料装置控制单元还包括推料装置移动控制单元；
    该推料装置移动控制单元包括与数据总线双向控制并联连接的I/O模块，与I/O模块双向控制串联连接的推料伺服驱动器，与推料伺服驱动器双向控制串联连接的推料伺服电机；I/O模块单向控制推料伺服驱动器。
  7. 如权利要求1至4任意一项权利要求所述的一种电脑裁板锯的控制系统，其特征在于：还包括双向控制并联连接到数据总线上的上料装置进料控制单元与上料装置上料控制单元；该上料装置进料控制单元包括与数据总线双向控制并联连接的I/O模块，与I/O模块单向控制串联连接的热继电器，与热继电器单向控制串联连接的接触器，与接触器单向控制串联连接的进料电机；I/O模块单向控制热继电器，热继电器单向控制接触器，接触器单向控制进料电机；该上料装置上料控制单元包括与数据总线双向控制并联连接 的I/O模块，与I/O模块单向控制串联连接的热继电器，与热继电器单向控制串联连接的接触器，与接触器单向控制串联连接的上料电机；I/O模块单向控制热继电器，热继电器单向控制接触器，接触器单向控制上料电机。
  8. 如权利要求1至4任意一项权利要求所述的一种电脑裁板锯的控制系统，其特征在于：还包括双向控制并联连接到数据总线上的上料装置进料控制单元与上料装置上料控制单元；该上料装置进料控制单元包括与数据总线双向控制并联连接的I/O模块，与I/O模块单向控制串联连接的热继电器，与热继电器单向控制串联连接的接触器，与接触器单向控制串联连接的进料电机；该上料装置上料控制单元包括与数据总线双向控制并联连接的I/O模块，与I/O模块单向控制串联连接的热继电器，与热继电器单向控制串联连接的接触器，与接触器单向控制串联连接的液压油泵马达，与液压油泵马达单向控制串联连接的液压电磁阀，与液压电磁阀单向控制串联连接的油缸，在油缸上设有行程开关，行程开关与I/O模块双向控制连接；I/O模块单向控制热继电器，热继电器单向控制接触器，接触器单向控制液压油泵马达，液压油泵马达单向控制液压电磁阀，液压电磁阀单向控制油缸。
  9. 一种电脑裁板锯的工作方法，其特征在于，电脑裁板锯包括如权利要求1至4任意一项权利要求所述的控制系统，工作方法包括以下步骤：
    工夹送料装置运动到设定放料位置，包括工夹送料装置的送料移动座通过送料移动座驱动机构驱动，沿送料移动座导向机构运动到设定放料位置，送料移动座带动其上的夹钳机构运动到设定放料位置；在设定放料位置，夹钳机构的动夹钳件相对定夹钳件张开；设定放料位置一般为夹钳机构初始设置的原点位置；
    工夹送料装置运动到设定放料位置后，执行前上料放置板材；也就是从前方即出料方向的一侧人工手动放置板材；前上料放置板材时，压料装置是上升的，板材从压料装置与工作台之间通过后伸入夹钳机构的动夹钳件和定夹钳件之间，直至板材后侧与夹钳机构的前夹持面齐平定位；
    前上料放置板材后，执行工夹送料装置夹紧板材，并判断是否使用侧齐板装置？
    如果否，则不使用侧齐板装置，工夹送料装置夹紧板材后退到设定起始送料位置；即工夹送料装置夹紧相应的板材后，工夹送料装置的送料移动座通过送料移动座驱动机构驱动，沿送料移动座导向机构带动夹钳机构后退到设定送料起始位置；工夹送料装置夹紧相应板材后退到设定起始送料位置后，工夹送料装置前进至锯切位置；工夹送料装置前进至锯切位置包括，送料移动座带动其上的夹钳机构向前运动到锯切位置，在锯切位置，仍保持夹钳机构的夹钳翻转座相对夹钳安装座翻转到下方位置，夹钳机构的动夹钳件和定夹钳件夹紧板材；主工件送料装置的锯切位置为夹持板材的夹钳机构靠近工作台的一侧所在的竖直夹持平面距离零点平面(锯切面)的距离为夹钳机构夹持的板材长度-被裁切板材的长度时工夹送料装置所处的位置；
    工夹送料装置前进至锯切位置后，执行压料装置压料；
    如果是，使用侧齐板装置，工夹送料装置夹紧板材后退到设定位置，侧齐板装置运行到设定位置后上升，该设定位置离已从前方放置的板材的最右侧还有一定距离；侧齐板装置运行到设定位置后，执行工夹送料装置前进至锯切位置；工夹送料装置前进至锯切位置，执行侧齐板装置齐料；侧齐板装置齐料后，执行压料装置压料；
    压料装置压料后，执行裁切装置锯切板材；
    裁切装置每锯切完一次，判断同一板材是否锯切完成？
    如果否，即同一板材没有锯切完成，压料装置上升，工夹送料装置前进设定的裁切长度送料，再返回到该压料装置压料；
    如果是，即同一板材锯切完成，工夹送料装置的夹钳装置的上、下夹爪打开，工夹送料装置后退到设定位置；
    工夹送料装置后退到设定位置后，判断是否全部锯切完成？
    如果是，结束加工；
    如果否，返回到该工夹送料装置运动到设定放料位置。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的一种电脑裁板锯的工作方法，其特征在于工夹送料装置运动到设定放料位置前还包括：
    开机系统初始化；
    开机系统初始化后，原点复位；原点复位包括裁切装置、工夹送料装置运动到设定原点位置；
    原点复位后，输入加工图案；
    输入加工图案后，执行是否启动靠板运行程序？如果是，启动靠板运行程序；准备就绪；如果否，准备就绪；
    准备就绪后，准备就绪后，按下锯片启动按钮和按下风机启动按钮后,再按下连续启动按钮；
    按下连续启动按钮后，工夹运行程序启动，压料运行程序启动，裁板运行程序启动；
    工夹运行程序启动，压料运行程序启动，裁板运行程序启动后，开始加 工；开始加工时，工夹送料装置运动到设定放料位置。
PCT/CN2021/075251 2020-04-22 2021-02-04 一种电脑裁板锯的控制系统及工作方法 Ceased WO2021212960A1 (zh)

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