WO2021190096A1 - 一种指纹模组、指纹识别系统以及电子设备 - Google Patents

一种指纹模组、指纹识别系统以及电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021190096A1
WO2021190096A1 PCT/CN2021/071480 CN2021071480W WO2021190096A1 WO 2021190096 A1 WO2021190096 A1 WO 2021190096A1 CN 2021071480 W CN2021071480 W CN 2021071480W WO 2021190096 A1 WO2021190096 A1 WO 2021190096A1
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Prior art keywords
light
fingerprint
crystal
spatial frequency
incident light
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PCT/CN2021/071480
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English (en)
French (fr)
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林华鑫
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维沃移动通信有限公司
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Application filed by 维沃移动通信有限公司 filed Critical 维沃移动通信有限公司
Priority to JP2022555704A priority Critical patent/JP2023518235A/ja
Priority to KR1020227035912A priority patent/KR20220153083A/ko
Priority to EP21774633.8A priority patent/EP4131060A4/en
Publication of WO2021190096A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021190096A1/zh
Priority to US17/943,821 priority patent/US11854300B2/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
    • G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
    • G06V40/12—Fingerprints or palmprints
    • G06V40/13—Sensors therefor
    • G06V40/1324—Sensors therefor by using geometrical optics, e.g. using prisms
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
    • G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
    • G06V40/12—Fingerprints or palmprints
    • G06V40/13—Sensors therefor
    • G06V40/1318—Sensors therefor using electro-optical elements or layers, e.g. electroluminescent sensing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
    • G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
    • G06V40/12—Fingerprints or palmprints
    • G06V40/1365—Matching; Classification

Definitions

  • the present invention requires the priority of a Chinese patent application filed with the Chinese Patent Office on March 24, 2020, with an application number of 202010211219. 1, and the title of the invention is "a fingerprint module, fingerprint identification system and electronic equipment", and the entire content of the application Incorporated in the present invention by reference.
  • the present invention relates to the field of fingerprint identification, in particular to a fingerprint module, a fingerprint identification system and electronic equipment.
  • a fingerprint module can be provided under the screen of the mobile terminal.
  • the fingerprint module can include a lens, a filter, and an optical fingerprint chip.
  • the user can press the screen with his finger, and the screen emits light, and the generated light can illuminate the finger. Fingerprint, and irradiate the reflected light containing fingerprint information to the filter through the lens. After the filter is filtered, the light can be transmitted to the optical fingerprint chip.
  • the optical fingerprint chip can generate a fingerprint image. When the fingerprint images reserved in the terminal are consistent, the mobile terminal is unlocked.
  • moiré may be generated between the fingerprint module and the screen, causing the fingerprint image generated by the optical fingerprint chip to contain both fingerprints and moiré, which affects fingerprint recognition and reduces the accuracy of optical fingerprint recognition. Rate.
  • the embodiments of the present invention provide a fingerprint module, a fingerprint identification system, and an electronic device to solve the problem of low recognition accuracy of the optical fingerprint when the mobile terminal is unlocked by the optical fingerprint.
  • the present invention is implemented as follows:
  • a fingerprint module including a lens, a crystal, and an optical fingerprint chip, the crystal is an anisotropic medium, wherein:
  • the lens is located on one side of the crystal, the optical fingerprint chip is located on the other side of the crystal, and the optical fingerprint chip is fixed in a substrate of an electronic device;
  • Incident light containing fingerprint information enters the crystal through the lens, and enters the optical fingerprint chip after being refracted by the crystal.
  • the optical fingerprint chip is used to generate a fingerprint image, and the fingerprint image is used for fingerprint identification. .
  • a fingerprint identification system which includes the above-mentioned fingerprint module.
  • an electronic device including the aforementioned fingerprint identification system.
  • the fingerprint module may include a lens, a crystal, and an optical fingerprint chip, where the crystal is an anisotropic medium, the lens may be located on one side of the crystal, and the optical fingerprint chip may be located on the other side of the crystal And fixed in the substrate of the electronic device.
  • incident light containing fingerprint information can be irradiated to the crystal through the lens, and can be irradiated into the optical fingerprint chip after being refracted by the crystal.
  • the optical fingerprint chip A fingerprint image that does not include moiré can be generated based on the light refracted by the crystal, thereby achieving the purpose of eliminating moiré and improving the accuracy of fingerprint recognition.
  • the birefringence effect of the crystal can eliminate the moiré, there is no need to eliminate the moiré by rotating the fingerprint module relative to the screen. Therefore, the space of the motherboard can be saved and the space utilization rate of the middle frame can be improved.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a fingerprint module according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • 2(A) is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the crystal thickness and the first set distance in an embodiment of the present invention
  • 2(B) is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the crystal thickness and the first set distance in an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a graph of the relationship between the optical transfer function and the spatial frequency of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a fingerprint identification system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the fingerprint module can be placed under the screen of the mobile terminal.
  • users can press the screen with their fingers, and the screen can emit light.
  • the incident light containing fingerprint information can be incident to the fingerprint module.
  • the incident light can be irradiated to the optical fingerprint chip through the lens and the filter in turn.
  • the optical fingerprint chip can generate a fingerprint image and When the fingerprint image is consistent with the fingerprint image reserved in the mobile terminal, the mobile terminal is unlocked.
  • the optical fingerprint chip can generate a clear fingerprint image when the spatial frequency of the incident light is low, where the spatial frequency can indicate the clarity of the image, and the spatial frequency The higher the image, the clearer the image.
  • the reflected light passes through the screen before it hits the optical fingerprint chip, the reflected light will be affected by the screen, resulting in the spatial frequency of the reflected light being the same as the spatial frequency of the screen, and the pixels of fingerprint information are the same as the pixels of the screen.
  • the spatial frequency of the screen is relatively high, so the spatial frequency of the reflected light irradiated on the optical fingerprint chip is also relatively high.
  • the pixels of the fingerprint information will be parallel to the pixels of the optical fingerprint chip, resulting in moiré between the fingerprint module and the screen, which in turn makes the fingerprint image generated by the optical fingerprint chip
  • the fingerprint contains moiré. Because the fingerprint is similar to the moiré, if the fingerprint image includes the moiré, the fingerprint image will be unclear, which will affect the recognition accuracy of the optical fingerprint.
  • the fingerprint module can be rotated by a large margin relative to the screen. In this way, when the pixels of the screen and the pixels of the optical fingerprint chip are at a certain angle, it is not easy to produce moiré. However, this method is practical The effect is not good and the moiré pattern cannot be completely eliminated. Moreover, since the fingerprint module needs to be fixed on the middle frame of the mobile terminal, if the fingerprint module is rotated to a certain angle, it will take up a part of the space on the main board and reduce the size of the middle frame. Space usage rate.
  • the fingerprint module includes a lens, a crystal, and an optical fingerprint chip.
  • the crystal is an anisotropic medium, wherein: The lens is located on one side of the crystal, the optical fingerprint chip is located on the other side of the crystal, and the optical fingerprint chip is fixed in the substrate of the electronic device; incident light containing fingerprint information is incident on the lens through the lens.
  • the crystal is incident into the optical fingerprint chip after passing through the crystal, the optical fingerprint chip is used for generating a fingerprint image, and the fingerprint image is used for fingerprint identification.
  • the optical fingerprint chip can generate a fingerprint image that does not include moiré based on the light refracted by the crystal, thereby achieving the purpose of eliminating moiré. Improve the accuracy of fingerprint recognition.
  • the birefringence effect of the crystal can eliminate the moiré, there is no need to eliminate the moiré by rotating the fingerprint module relative to the screen. Therefore, the space of the motherboard can be saved and the space utilization rate of the middle frame can be improved.
  • the main idea of the embodiment of the present invention is to replace the current filter in the fingerprint module with a crystal.
  • the crystal is an anisotropic medium and has the effect of birefringence. Therefore, based on the birefringence of the crystal itself Effect, the crystal can refract the incident light into the second light and the first light.
  • the spatial frequency of the second light and the first light can be less than the spatial frequency of the incident light, and on the other hand, the second light and the first light
  • the distance of can be the first set distance, which can effectively avoid moiré in the fingerprint image.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a fingerprint module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the fingerprint module may include a lens, a crystal, and an optical fingerprint chip, where the crystal is an anisotropic medium.
  • the lens is located on one side of the crystal, and the optical fingerprint chip is located on the other side of the crystal.
  • the optical fingerprint chip can be fixed in the substrate of the electronic device.
  • the substrate can be understood as the integrated circuit board in the electronic device.
  • Various chips and circuits in integrated electronic equipment are possible.
  • the incident light containing fingerprint information can be incident into the crystal through the lens.
  • the user unlocks the mobile terminal by means of an optical fingerprint
  • he can use his finger to perform a pressing operation on the screen of the mobile terminal.
  • incident light can be generated.
  • the incident light can illuminate the fingerprint of the finger to make the incident
  • the light includes the fingerprint information of the finger.
  • the incident light including the fingerprint information can enter the lens shown in FIG. 1 through the screen, and then enter the crystal shown in FIG. 1 through the lens.
  • the spatial frequency of the incident light is equal to the spatial frequency of the screen.
  • the optical fingerprint chip can generate light based on the light refracted by the crystal, excluding the mole Printed fingerprint image, so as to achieve the purpose of eliminating moiré and improve the accuracy of fingerprint recognition.
  • the crystal can refract incident light into a first light and a second light, where the first light and the second light propagate in different directions in the crystal, and the first light and the second light The two light rays have different propagation speeds.
  • the spatial frequency of the first light and the second light is less than the spatial frequency of the incident light, and the distance between the first light and the second light may be a first set distance, where the first set The distance is the horizontal distance between the first light and the second light after exiting the crystal.
  • the spatial frequency of the incident light can be effectively reduced.
  • the optical fingerprint chip After the first light and the second light are incident on the optical fingerprint chip, the optical fingerprint chip can generate a fingerprint image that does not include moiré.
  • the crystal can effectively reduce the spatial frequency of the incident light, so that the spatial frequency of the incident light can meet the spatial frequency of the incident light by the optical fingerprint chip.
  • the fingerprint image generated by the optical fingerprint chip will not produce moiré.
  • the incident light containing fingerprint information is refracted into the first light and the second light with a lower spatial frequency and a distance of the first set distance.
  • the optical fingerprint chip can generate a fingerprint image that does not include moiré based on the first light and the second light, thereby achieving the purpose of eliminating moiré and improving the accuracy of fingerprint recognition.
  • the birefringence effect of the crystal can eliminate the moiré, there is no need to eliminate the moiré by rotating the fingerprint module relative to the screen. Therefore, the space of the motherboard can be saved and the space utilization rate of the middle frame can be improved.
  • the lens in this embodiment can also reduce the spatial frequency of the incident light, that is, the spatial frequency of the incident light before the lens is greater than the spatial frequency of the incident light after passing through the lens, and accordingly, the spatial frequency of the incident light after passing through the lens is greater than The spatial frequency of the first light and the second light.
  • the lens can reduce the spatial frequency of the incident light.
  • the crystal can further reduce the spatial frequency of the incident light. Under the combined action of the lens and the crystal, the spatial frequency of the incident light can be effectively reduced.
  • the ordinate represents the optical transfer function
  • the abscissa represents the spatial frequency
  • the optical transfer function of the lens has a downward trend from low frequency to high frequency.
  • the spatial frequency is 100
  • the optical transfer function of the lens is 0, which means that the incident light with a spatial frequency of 100 passes through the lens.
  • the generated image is completely black, that is, after the incident light enters the lens, the lens can reduce the spatial frequency of the incident light below 100.
  • the optical transfer function of the crystal also has a downward trend from low frequency to high frequency.
  • the spatial frequency is 80
  • the optical transfer function of the crystal is 0. This means that after the incident light with the spatial frequency of 80 passes through the crystal, the resulting image is completely black. In other words, after the incident light enters the crystal, the crystal can reduce the spatial frequency of the incident light below 80.
  • the optical transfer function is 0. This means that after the incident light with a spatial frequency of 50 passes through the lens and the crystal in turn, the resulting image is completely black and also In other words, after the incident light enters the lens and the crystal in turn, the spatial frequency of the incident light can be reduced to below 50. In this way, after the incident light enters the crystal through the lens, the spatial frequency can be effectively reduced, thereby achieving the purpose of eliminating moiré.
  • n is an integer greater than or equal to 0
  • a stripe width can be understood as a line pair
  • the line pair is related to the spatial frequency, specifically, the unit of the spatial frequency is lp/mm, which means the number of line pairs contained per millimeter , Among them, the higher the spatial frequency, the more wire pairs contained per 1mm.
  • the first set distance may be equal to (2n+1) stripe widths (n is an integer greater than or equal to 0).
  • the first set distance and the thickness of the crystal can satisfy the following formula:
  • d is set to a first distance
  • ⁇ is the angle between the incident ray and the optical axis
  • n o is the refractive index of the second light
  • n e is the refractive index of the first light
  • T is the thickness of the crystal.
  • the angle between the incident light and the optical axis is ⁇
  • the thickness of the crystal in Figure 2(A) is T1
  • the thickness of the crystal in Figure 2(B) is T2
  • T1 is greater than T2.
  • the surface of the crystal may be coated with an optical film, so that after the incident light passes through the crystal, the optical film can eliminate the ultraviolet light and red light in the incident light, and realize the filtering of the filter in the existing optical module. Light effect.
  • the crystal in this embodiment may be a birefringent lithium niobate crystal with a refractive index of 2.25.
  • the fingerprint module may include a lens, a crystal, and an optical fingerprint chip, where the crystal is an anisotropic medium, the lens may be located on one side of the crystal, and the optical fingerprint chip may be located on the other side of the crystal And fixed in the substrate of the electronic device, so that the incident light containing fingerprint information can be irradiated to the crystal through the lens, and after being refracted by the crystal, it can be irradiated into the optical fingerprint chip.
  • the optical fingerprint chip can generate fingerprint images that do not include moiré based on the light refracted by the crystal, thereby achieving the purpose of eliminating moiré and improving the accuracy of fingerprint recognition.
  • the birefringence of the crystal can eliminate the moiré, there is no need to rotate the fingerprint module relative to the screen to eliminate the moiré. Therefore, the space of the motherboard can be saved and the space utilization rate of the middle frame can be improved.
  • the embodiment of the present invention also provides a fingerprint identification system.
  • the fingerprint system includes the aforementioned fingerprint module, screen, and identification module, wherein:
  • incident light can be generated.
  • the incident light can be used to illuminate the user's fingerprint.
  • the incident light including fingerprint information can be reflected into the fingerprint module, where the incident light
  • the fingerprint information included in is the fingerprint information corresponding to the pressing operation, and the spatial frequency of the incident light is the spatial frequency of the screen.
  • the fingerprint module can generate a fingerprint image that does not include moiré according to the incident light, and the recognition module can recognize the fingerprint image so as to unlock the mobile terminal when the fingerprint image is consistent with the reserved fingerprint image.
  • the fingerprint module can be rotated relative to the screen, wherein the rotation angle can be less than a set angle, and the set angle is preferably less than or equal to 5°.
  • the rotated fingerprint module can eliminate moiré more comprehensively, and the angle of rotation can be smaller than the set angle. In this way, the space of the motherboard can be saved and the space utilization rate of the middle frame can be improved.
  • An embodiment of the present invention also provides an electronic device. As shown in FIG. 5, the electronic device includes the aforementioned fingerprint identification system.
  • the technical solution of the present invention essentially or the part that contributes to the existing technology can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, The optical disc) includes several instructions to make a terminal (which can be a mobile phone, a computer, a server, an air conditioner, or a network device, etc.) execute the method described in each embodiment of the present invention.
  • a terminal which can be a mobile phone, a computer, a server, an air conditioner, or a network device, etc.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种指纹模组、指纹识别系统以及电子设备，该指纹模组包括镜头，晶体，光学指纹芯片，所述晶体为各向异性介质，其中：所述镜头位于所述晶体的一侧，所述光学指纹芯片位于所述晶体的另一侧，所述光学指纹芯片固定在电子设备的基板中；包含指纹信息的入射光线通过所述镜头入射至所述晶体，经所述晶体折射后入射至所述光学指纹芯片中，所述光学指纹芯片用于生成指纹图像，所述指纹图像用于指纹识别。

Description

一种指纹模组、指纹识别系统以及电子设备
交叉引用
本发明要求在2020年03月24日提交中国专利局、申请号为202010211219.1、发明名称为“一种指纹模组、指纹识别系统以及电子设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用结合在本发明中。
技术领域
本发明涉及指纹识别领域，尤其涉及一种指纹模组、指纹识别系统以及电子设备。
背景技术
目前，在对移动终端进行解锁时，可以通过光学指纹进行解锁。
具体地，移动终端的屏幕下方可以设置指纹模组，指纹模组可以包括镜头，滤光片和光学指纹芯片，用户在解锁时，可以用手指按压屏幕，屏幕发光，产生的光线可以照射手指的指纹，并将包含指纹信息的反射光线通过镜头照射到滤光片，经滤光片滤光后，该光线可以传输到光学指纹芯片中，光学指纹芯片可以产生指纹图像，在该指纹图像与移动终端中预留的指纹图像一致时，移动终端解锁。
然而，在光线的传输过程中，指纹模组与屏幕之间可能会产生摩尔纹，导致光学指纹芯片生成的指纹图像既包含指纹又包含摩尔纹，从而影响指纹识别，进而降低光学指纹的识别准确率。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种指纹模组、指纹识别系统以及电子设备，以解决在通过光学指纹解锁移动终端时，对光学指纹的识别准确率较低的问题。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明是这样实现的：
第一方面，提供了一种指纹模组，包括镜头，晶体，光学指纹芯片，所述晶体为各向异性介质，其中：
所述镜头位于所述晶体的一侧，所述光学指纹芯片位于所述晶体的另一侧，所述光学指纹芯片固定在电子设备的基板中；
包含指纹信息的入射光线通过所述镜头入射至所述晶体，经所述晶体折射后入射至所述光学指纹芯片中，所述光学指纹芯片用于生成指纹图像，所述指纹图像用于指纹识别。
第二方面，提供了一种指纹识别系统，包括上述指纹模组。
第三方面，提供了一种电子设备，包括上述指纹识别系统。
本发明实施例提供的技术方案，指纹模组中可以包括镜头，晶体，光学指纹芯片，其中，晶体为各向异性介质，镜头可以位于晶体的一侧，光学指纹芯片可以位于晶体的另一侧并固定在电子设备的基板中。这样，包含指纹信息的入射光线可以通过镜头照射至晶体，经晶体折射后可以照射至光学指纹芯片中，由于晶体为各向异性介质，且各向异性介质具有双折射效应，因此，光学指纹芯片可以基于经晶体折射后的光线生成不包括摩尔纹的指纹图像，从而实现消除摩尔纹的目的，提高指纹识别的准确率。
此外，由于通过晶体的双折射作用便可以消除摩尔纹，无需通过将指纹模组相对屏幕进行旋转的方式消除摩尔纹，因此，可以节省主板的空间，提高中框的空间使用率。
附图说明
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，构成本发明的一部分，本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的不当限定。在附图中：
图1是本发明的一个实施例指纹模组的结构示意图；
图2(A)是本发明的一个实施例晶体厚度与第一设定距离关系的示意图；
图2(B)是本发明的一个实施例晶体厚度与第一设定距离关系的示意图；
图3是本发明的一个实施例光学传递函数和空间频率之间的关系曲线图；
图4是本发明的一个实施例指纹识别系统的结构示意图；
图5是本发明的一个实施例电子设备的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
随着科学技术的发展，用户可以通过光学指纹对移动终端进行解锁，一般地，可以将指纹模组设置于移动终端的屏幕下方，用户在解锁时，可以用手指按压屏幕，屏幕可以发光，并照射手指的指纹，经反射后，可以将包含指纹信息的入射光线入射至指纹模组中，入射光线可以依次通过镜头、滤光片照射至光学指纹芯片，光学指纹芯片可以生成指纹图像，并在指纹图像与移动终端中预留的指纹图像一致时，移动终端解锁。
一般地，上述入射光线在照射到光学指纹芯片上后，在入射光线的空间频率较低的情况下，光学指纹芯片可以生成清晰的指纹图像，其中，空间频率可以表示图像的清晰度，空间频率越高，图像越清晰。然而，由于反射光线在照射到光学指纹芯片上之前，会经过屏幕，因此反射光线会受到屏幕的影响，导致反射光线的空间频率与屏幕的空间频率相同，指纹信息的像素与屏幕的像素相同，而一般情况下屏幕的空间频率较高，因此，照射到光学指纹芯片上的反射光线的空间频率也比较高。这样，在反射光线具有较高的空间频率的情况下，指纹信息的像素将会与光学指纹芯片的像素平行，导致指纹模组与屏幕之间产生摩尔纹，进而使得光学指纹芯片生成的指纹图像中包含摩尔纹，由于指纹与摩尔纹相近，因此，在指纹图像中包括摩尔纹的情况下，将导致指纹图像不清晰，从而影响光学指纹的识别准确度。
目前，为了消除摩尔纹，可以将指纹模组相对屏幕进行大幅度旋转，这样，在屏幕的像素与光学指纹芯片的像素成一定角度的情况下，不易产生摩尔纹，但是，这种方式的实际效果不好，不能完全消除摩尔纹，而且，由于 指纹模组需要固定在移动终端的中框上，因此，若将指纹模组旋转一定角度，则会占用一部分主板上的空间，降低中框的空间使用率。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明实施例提出一种指纹模组、指纹识别系统以及电子设备，该指纹模组包括：镜头，晶体，光学指纹芯片，所述晶体为各向异性介质，其中：所述镜头位于所述晶体的一侧，所述光学指纹芯片位于所述晶体的另一侧，所述光学指纹芯片固定在电子设备的基板中；包含指纹信息的入射光线通过所述镜头入射至所述晶体，经所述晶体后入射至所述光学指纹芯片中，所述光学指纹芯片用于生成指纹图像，所述指纹图像用于指纹识别。
这样，由于晶体为各向异性介质，且各向异性介质具有双折射效应，因此，光学指纹芯片可以基于经晶体折射后的光线生成不包括摩尔纹的指纹图像，从而实现消除摩尔纹的目的，提高指纹识别的准确率。
此外，由于通过晶体的双折射作用便可以消除摩尔纹，无需通过将指纹模组相对屏幕进行旋转的方式消除摩尔纹，因此，可以节省主板的空间，提高中框的空间使用率。
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
需要说明的是，本发明实施例的主要思想在于：将目前指纹模组中的滤光片替换为晶体，晶体为各向异性介质，且具有双折射的效应，因此，基于晶体自身的双折射效应，晶体可以将入射光线折射为第二光线和第一光线，一方面，第二光线和第一光线的空间频率可以小于入射光线的空间频率，另一方面第二光线和第一光线之间的距离可以为第一设定距离，这样，可以有效地避免指纹图像中产生摩尔纹。
以下结合附图，详细说明本发明各实施例提供的技术方案。
图1是本发明的一个实施例指纹模组的结构示意图。如图1所示，指纹模组可以包括镜头，晶体以及光学指纹芯片，其中，晶体为各向异性介质。
在图1中，镜头位于晶体的一侧，光学指纹芯片位于晶体的另一侧，光学指纹芯片可以固定在电子设备的基板中，其中，基板可以理解为电子设备中的集成电路板，用于集成电子设备中的各种芯片与电路。
在本实施例中，包含指纹信息的入射光线可以通过镜头入射至晶体中。
具体地，用户在通过光学指纹的方式解锁移动终端时，可以使用手指对移动终端的屏幕执行按压操作，屏幕在接收到按压操作后可以生成入射光线，该入射光线可以照射手指的指纹，使得入射光线中包括手指的指纹信息，之后，该包含指纹信息的入射光线可以经过屏幕入射至图1所示的镜头中，再通过镜头入射至图1所示的晶体中。
需要说明的是，由于入射光线在入射到镜头之前，会经过屏幕，因此，入射光线的空间频率等于屏幕的空间频率。
在图1中，入射光线在通过镜头入射至晶体后，由于晶体为各向异性介质，且各向异性介质具有双折射效应，因此，光学指纹芯片可以基于经晶体折射后的光线生成不包括摩尔纹的指纹图像，从而实现消除摩尔纹的目的，提高指纹识别的准确率。
具体地，基于晶体自身的双折射效应，晶体可以将入射光线折射为第一光线和第二光线，其中，第一光线和第二光线在晶体中沿不同的方向传播，且第一光线和第二光线的传播速度不同，第一光线和第二光线的空间频率小于入射光线的空间频率，并且，第一光线与二光线之间的距离可以为第一设定距离，其中，第一设定距离为第一光线和第二光线在出射晶体后的水平距离，在第二光线和第一光线之间的距离为第一设定距离的情况下，可以有效地降低入射光线的空间频率。
第一光线和第二光线在入射至光学指纹芯片上后，光学指纹芯片可以生成不包括摩尔纹的指纹图像。
也就是说，晶体在将入射光线折射为第一光线和第二光线的同时，晶体可以有效地降低入射光线的空间频率，从而使得入射光线的空间频率可以满足光学指纹芯片对入射光线的空间频率的要求，在此基础之上，光学指纹芯片生成的指纹图像中不会产生摩尔纹。
这样，利用晶体自身的双折射作用，通过将包含指纹信息的入射光线折射为空间频率较低且距离为第一设定距离的第一光线和第二光线，当第一光线和第二光线照射至光学指纹芯片时，光学指纹芯片可以基于第一光线和第二光线生成不包括摩尔纹的指纹图像，从而实现消除摩尔纹的目的，提高指纹识别的准确率。
此外，由于通过晶体的双折射作用便可以消除摩尔纹，无需通过将指纹模组相对屏幕进行旋转的方式消除摩尔纹，因此，可以节省主板的空间，提高中框的空间使用率。
可选地，本实施例中的镜头也可以降低入射光线的空间频率，即入射光线入射镜头前的空间频率大于入射光线通过镜头后的空间频率，相应地，入射光线通过镜头后的空间频率大于第一光线与第二光线的空间频率。
也就是说，包含指纹信息的入射光线在入射镜头后，镜头可以将入射光线的空间频率降低，在入射光线通过镜头入射晶体后，晶体可以进一步将入射光线的空间频率降低。在镜头和晶体的共同作用下，可以有效降低入射光线的空间频率。
具体地，为了更清楚地理解在镜头和晶体的共同作用下，如何有效降低入射光线的空间频率，可以参照图3。
在图3中，纵坐标表示光学传递函数，横坐标表示空间频率，当光学传递函数为0时，表示图像全黑，当光学传递函数为1时，表示图像锐利清晰。
从图3中可以看出，镜头的光学传递函数从低频到高频是下降的趋势，在空间频率为100时，镜头的光学传递函数为0，这说明空间频率为100的入射光线经过镜头后，生成的图像全黑，也就是说，入射光线在入射至镜头 后，镜头可以将入射光线的空间频率降低到100以下。
晶体的光学传递函数从低频到高频也是下降的趋势，在空间频率为80时，晶体的光学传递函数为0，这说明空间频率为80的入射光线经过晶体后，生成的图像全黑，也就是说，入射光线在入射至晶体后，晶体可以将入射光线的空间频率降低到80以下。
综上，在镜头和晶体的共同作用下，入射光线的空间频率为50时，光学传递函数为0，这说明空间频率为50的入射光线依次经过镜头、晶体之后，生成的图像全黑，也就是说，入射光线在依次入射镜头、晶体之后，入射光线的空间频率可以降低到50以下。这样，入射光线在通过镜头入射晶体后，可以有效降低空间频率，从而实现消除摩尔纹的目的。
在本实施例中，在第一光线与第二光线之间的第一设定距离等于(2n+1)个条纹宽度时，可以有效地降低入射光线的空间频率，使得光学指纹芯片生成不包括摩尔纹的指纹图像。其中，n为大于等于0的整数，一个条纹宽度可以理解为一个线对，线对与空间频率有关，具体地，空间频率的单位为lp/mm，含义是指每毫米包含的线对个数，其中，空间频率越高，每1mm包含的线对越多。
具体地，在第一光线与第二光线的距离等于(2n+1)个条纹宽度时，第一光线和第二光线的光强为0，其中，光强表示光在单位时间内垂直通过单位面积的光的能量，由于光强和空间频率正相关，因此，在第一光线与第二光线之间的距离等于(2n+1)个条纹宽度的情况下，可以有效地降低入射光线的空间频率。也就是说，为了便于降低入射光线的空间频率，可以令第一设定距离等于(2n+1)个条纹宽度(n为大于等于0的整数)。
本实施例中，根据菲涅尔-惠更斯原理，第一设定距离与晶体的厚度可以满足以下公式：
Figure PCTCN2021071480-appb-000001
其中，d为第一设定距离，θ为入射光线和光轴之间的夹角，n o为第二 光线的折射率，n e为第一光线的折射率，T为所述晶体的厚度。
这样，为了使得第一光线和第二光线之间的距离为上述第一设定距离，可以通过调整晶体的厚度实现。
基于上述公式可知，晶体的厚度和第一设定距离之间是正相关的关系，即晶体的厚度越大，第一设定距离越大。为了更清楚地理解第一设定距离与晶体厚度的关系，可以参见图2(A)和图2(B)。
在图2(A)和图2(B)中，入射光线与光轴的夹角为θ，图2(A)中晶体的厚度为T1，图2(B)中晶体的厚度为T2，且T1大于T2。
在图2(A)中，入射光线通过厚度为T1的晶体后，第一光线和第二光线之间的第一设定距离为d1，在图2(B)中，相同夹角的入射光线通过厚度为T2的晶体后，第一光线和第二光线之间的第一设定距离为d2，显然，d1大于d2，也就是说，第一光线和第二光线之间的第一设定距离与晶体的厚度正相关。
可选地，晶体表面可以镀有光学薄膜，这样，入射光线在通过晶体后，可该光学薄膜可以消除入射光线中的紫外光和红光，实现现有的光学模组中滤光片的滤光作用。
可选地，本实施例中的晶体可以是折射率为2.25的铌酸锂双折射晶体。
本发明实施例提供的技术方案，指纹模组中可以包括镜头，晶体，光学指纹芯片，其中，晶体为各向异性介质，镜头可以位于晶体的一侧，光学指纹芯片可以位于晶体的另一侧并固定在电子设备的基板中，这样，包含指纹信息的入射光线可以通过镜头照射至晶体，经晶体折射后可以照射至光学指纹芯片中，由于晶体为各向异性介质，且各向异性介质具有双折射效应，因此，光学指纹芯片可以基于经晶体折射后的光线生成不包括摩尔纹的指纹图像，从而实现消除摩尔纹的目的，提高指纹识别的准确率。
此外，由于通过晶体的双折射作用便可以消除摩尔纹，无需通过将指纹模组相对屏幕进行旋转的方式消除摩尔纹，因此，可以节省主板的空间，提 高中框的空间使用率。
本发明实施例还提供了一种指纹识别系统，如图4所示，该指纹系统中包括上述指纹模组、屏幕和识别模块，其中：
在屏幕接收到按压操作后可以生成入射光线，该入射光线可以用于照射用户的指纹，在对用户的指纹进行照射之后，包括指纹信息的入射光线可以反射至指纹模组中，其中，入射光线中包括的指纹信息为按压操作对应的指纹信息，入射光线的空间频率为屏幕的空间频率。
指纹模组可以根据入射光线生成不包括摩尔纹的指纹图像，识别模块可以对该指纹图像进行识别，以便在指纹图像与预留的指纹图像一致时，解锁移动终端。
可选地，指纹模组可以相对屏幕旋转，其中，旋转角度可以小于设定角度，设定角度优选为小于或等于5°。这样，旋转后的指纹模组可以更全面地消除摩尔纹，并且，旋转的角度可以小于设定角度，这样，可以节省主板的空间，提高中框的空间使用率。
本发明实施例还提供了一种电子设备，如图5所示，该电子设备包括上述指纹识别系统。
需要说明的是，在本文中，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者装置不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者装置所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括该要素的过程、方法、物品或者装置中还存在另外的相同要素。
通过以上的实施方式的描述，本领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到上述实施例方法可借助软件加必需的通用硬件平台的方式来实现，当然也可以通过硬件，但很多情况下前者是更佳的实施方式。基于这样的理解，本发明的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分可以以软件产品的形式体 现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质(如ROM/RAM、磁碟、光盘)中，包括若干指令用以使得一台终端(可以是手机，计算机，服务器，空调器，或者网络设备等)执行本发明各个实施例所述的方法。
上面结合附图对本发明的实施例进行了描述，但是本发明并不局限于上述的具体实施方式，上述的具体实施方式仅仅是示意性的，而不是限制性的，本领域的普通技术人员在本发明的启示下，在不脱离本发明宗旨和权利要求所保护的范围情况下，还可做出很多形式，均属于本发明的保护之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种指纹模组，包括镜头，晶体，光学指纹芯片，所述晶体为各向异性介质，其中：
    所述镜头位于所述晶体的一侧，所述光学指纹芯片位于所述晶体的另一侧，所述光学指纹芯片固定在电子设备的基板中；
    包含指纹信息的入射光线通过所述镜头入射至所述晶体，经所述晶体折射后入射至所述光学指纹芯片中，所述光学指纹芯片用于生成指纹图像，所述指纹图像用于指纹识别。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的指纹模组，其中，
    所述晶体将所述入射光线折射为第一光线和第二光线，所述第一光线和所述第二光线在所述晶体中沿不同的方向传播，且所述第一光线和所述第二光线的传播速度不同；
    其中，所述第一光线和所述第二光线的空间频率小于所述入射光线的空间频率，所述第一光线与所述第二光线之间的距离为第一设定距离。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的指纹模组，其中，
    所述入射光线入射所述镜头前的空间频率大于所述入射光线通过所述镜头后的空间频率，所述入射光线通过所述镜头后的空间频率大于所述第一光线与所述第二光线的空间频率。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的指纹模组，其中，所述第一设定距离与所述晶体的厚度满足以下公式：
    Figure PCTCN2021071480-appb-100001
    其中，d为所述第一设定距离，θ为所述入射光线和光轴之间的夹角，n o为所述第二光线的折射率，n e为所述第一光线的折射率，T为所述晶体的厚度。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的指纹模组，其中，
    所述第一设定距离为所述第一光线与所述第二光线出射所述晶体后的距离，其中，所述第一设定距离等于(2n+1)个条纹宽度，一个条纹宽度为一个线对，n为大于等于零的整数。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的指纹模组，其中，
    所述晶体表面镀有光学薄膜，所述光学薄膜用于消除所述入射光线中的紫外光和红光。
  7. 一种指纹识别系统，包括如权利要求1至6任一项所述的指纹模组。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的指纹识别系统，其中，还包括屏幕和识别模块，其中：
    所述入射光线在所述屏幕接收到按压操作后生成，所述入射光线中包括的指纹信息为所述按压操作对应的指纹信息，所述入射光线的空间频率为所述屏幕的空间频率；
    所述识别模块对所述指纹图像进行识别。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的指纹识别系统，其中，
    所述指纹模组相对所述屏幕可旋转，旋转角度小于设定角度，所述设定角度小于等于5°。
  10. 一种电子设备，包括如权利要求7至9任一项所述的指纹识别系统。
PCT/CN2021/071480 2020-03-24 2021-01-13 一种指纹模组、指纹识别系统以及电子设备 WO2021190096A1 (zh)

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