WO2021175263A1 - 全生态坡面喷播结构及施工方法 - Google Patents

全生态坡面喷播结构及施工方法 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2021175263A1
WO2021175263A1 PCT/CN2021/078930 CN2021078930W WO2021175263A1 WO 2021175263 A1 WO2021175263 A1 WO 2021175263A1 CN 2021078930 W CN2021078930 W CN 2021078930W WO 2021175263 A1 WO2021175263 A1 WO 2021175263A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
slope
soil
nails
spraying
coconut
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2021/078930
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
蔡德钩
魏少伟
叶阳升
姚建平
吕宋
石越峰
楼梁伟
曹渊东
刘瑞
董恩江
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Beijing Tieke Special Engineering Tech Co Ltd
China Academy of Railway Sciences Corp Ltd CARS
Original Assignee
Beijing Tieke Special Engineering Tech Co Ltd
China Academy of Railway Sciences Corp Ltd CARS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Beijing Tieke Special Engineering Tech Co Ltd, China Academy of Railway Sciences Corp Ltd CARS filed Critical Beijing Tieke Special Engineering Tech Co Ltd
Publication of WO2021175263A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021175263A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G20/00—Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G20/10—Pre-cultivated sod or turf; Apparatus therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/40—Fabaceae, e.g. beans or peas
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/60—Flowers; Ornamental plants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
    • A01G24/23—Wood, e.g. wood chips or sawdust
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
    • A01G25/02—Watering arrangements located above the soil which make use of perforated pipe-lines or pipe-lines with dispensing fittings, e.g. for drip irrigation
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
    • E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
    • E02D17/202—Securing of slopes or inclines with flexible securing means
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of water and soil erosion control, in particular to a whole ecological slope spraying structure and a construction method.
  • the ecological protection of roadbed slopes in our country mainly includes artificial planting, sprayed seeding on guest soil, planting bag planting of grass and shrubs, and spraying mixed planting.
  • the technology of spraying off soil is to mix the foundation of plant growth—soil, seeds and substrates in proportion, mechanically stir and spray them on the slope surface. After the seeds germinate and grow into vegetation, they can achieve the function of slope protection.
  • the construction process of the spraying technology of guest soil is: (1) construction preparation; (2) slope cleaning and soil covering; (3) hanging net and anchor rod fixing; (4) mixed mixing of base materials; (5) guest soil Spraying; (6) Cover non-woven fabric; (7) Maintenance management.
  • galvanized iron wire meshes are used for hanging nets, and the anchor rods are steel bars and are treated with rust prevention.
  • the base material is mainly soil, water-retaining agent, adhesive and fertilizer.
  • the spray seeding technology of guest soil is simple in construction and low in cost, and can be matched with the masonry skeleton. However, this technology still has shortcomings in practical applications. At present, the spraying technology of guest soil uses galvanized wire mesh, steel bars, fertilizers, non-woven fabrics and other materials in the construction process. The use of these materials will have a certain negative impact on the environment and does not meet the requirements of green environmental protection.
  • Galvanized iron wire mesh and steel bars metal materials pollute the environment during the production process.
  • the installation of a large number of reinforced anchor rods in the slope soil does not conform to the concept of environmental protection and energy saving.
  • Chemical fertilizers will produce harmful gases during the manufacturing process, causing harm to people, animals and plants. From the mining of the raw materials of chemical fertilizers to the processing and production, some heavy metal elements or toxic substances are always brought into the chemical fertilizers, resulting in the enrichment of heavy metal elements in the soil. The use of chemical fertilizers may also cause enrichment of nutrients in water bodies and pollution of groundwater.
  • Non-woven fabric The raw material of non-woven fabric is polypropylene, which pollutes the environment during the production process. Although non-woven fabrics are easier to degrade than plastics, they still have a certain degree of pollution after being discarded.
  • the present invention provides a full ecological slope spraying structure and construction method. Based on the guest soil spraying technology, the entire ecological environmental protection construction method is adopted to make the slope comprehensive ecologically. Good prospects for promotion and application.
  • an all-ecological slope spraying construction method which includes:
  • the substrate includes loam, peat soil, wood fiber, composite granulating agent, organic fertilizer, and microbial fertilizer;
  • the plant seeds are 5-50 g/m 2 , and any one or more of the following are used:
  • Combination of cold-season and warm-season grasses combination of legumes and non-legumes; combination of deciduous plants and evergreen plants; combination of vegetation, shrubs and flowers; combination of exotic species and native species.
  • the slope covering soil includes: covering 15-20cm thick planting soil, and rake level.
  • laying the coconut wire mesh on the slope surface includes: tightening the coconut wire mesh, the coconut wire mesh is tightly attached to the slope surface, and the overlap length between the meshes is not less than 10 cm; after the slope top is fixed, the coconut wire mesh is laid from top to bottom.
  • bamboo nails or wooden nails are in a sheet shape, the front end is a pointed end, and the rear section has a laterally protruding limit end.
  • the thickness of the guest soil spraying is 2cm.
  • the straw mat is composed of an arrangement of straws, the thickness is less than 1cm, the width is 1m, and the gap between the straws is 0.5-1cm; during construction, it is laid vertically from top to bottom along the slope, and the straw mats are not overlapped;
  • the grass mat is fixed with bamboo nails or wooden nails.
  • Another aspect of the present invention provides a fully ecological slope spraying structure, which includes coconut wire mesh, wooden or bamboo nails, a substrate, and a grass mat;
  • the coconut mesh is covered on the cleaned flat slope and fixed by wooden nails or bamboo nails;
  • the substrate is mixed with plant seeds and sprayed on the slope covered with coconut silk net by using guest soil.
  • the substrate includes loam, peat soil, wood fiber, composite aggregate, organic fertilizer and microbial fertilizer; loam 20 -120kg/m 2 , peat soil 2-10kg/m 2 , wood fiber 2-10kg/m 2 , organic fertilizer 2-10kg/m 2 , microbial fertilizer 10-80g/m 2 and compound aggregate agent 10-80g/m 2 .
  • the grass mat covers the outside of the matrix.
  • the thickness of the guest soil spraying of the substrate is 2 cm; the grass mat is composed of an arrangement of straw stalks, the thickness is less than 1 cm, the width is 1 m, and the gap between the straws is 0.5-1 cm.
  • the present invention uses coconut wire mesh or hemp rope mesh instead of the slope surface galvanized iron wire mesh; uses wooden nails or bamboo nails instead of fixed mesh steel anchor rods, and the whole construction process is green and environmentally friendly. The whole face is ecological.
  • the present invention uses microbial bacterial fertilizer instead of traditional chemical fertilizers, and the use of organic fertilizers can provide more nutrients for microorganisms to enhance their activity, ensure the growth effect of soil and wood, and thereby ensure the stable fixation of the substrate.
  • the present invention uses the grass mat to prevent rain from washing the slope surface without using non-woven fabric; the grass mat plays a role of heat preservation and moisturizing in the early stage, and decomposes into organic matter in the later stage, which is ecological and environmentally friendly.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the construction process
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the whole ecological guest soil spraying greening structure
  • Figure 3(a) is a front view of an embodiment of bamboo nails
  • Figure 3(b) is a left view of an embodiment of bamboo nails
  • Figure 4 is a front view of another embodiment of bamboo nails
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of bamboo nails
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of irrigation water pipes.
  • the slope ecological protection adopts the whole ecological slope spraying construction method, combined with Figure 1, the main construction steps are as follows:
  • the construction preparations are carried out, and the construction personnel, mechanical equipment, and spraying materials for the guest soil are ready. When you are ready, remove the gravel and stones on the slope. If there are protrusions, they are flattened.
  • the slope surface hanging net material uses natural ecological materials such as hemp or coconut silk, and the hanging net uses wooden nails or bamboo nails.
  • the overall slope surface layout is shown in Figure 2.
  • Coconut wire mesh is a net structure made of 100% coconut fiber.
  • Coconut fiber contains 0.25% hemicellulase, 45% lignin, 43% cellulose and 4% gum. It has low elongation and high tensile strength.
  • the single-line tensile strength is ⁇ 220KN.
  • the specifications of the coconut wire mesh are 2m in width and 5cm ⁇ 5cm in mesh.
  • 1Flexibility It has high tensile strength, adapts to irregular slope paving, and can reduce the workload of slope trimming.
  • the coconut fiber net can absorb part of the water, and it has a significant effect on reducing the evaporation of water on the slope soil and increasing the infiltration rate.
  • the coconut wire mesh When laying, the coconut wire mesh should be stretched tightly, the mesh should be close to the slope surface, and the overlap length between the meshes should not be less than 10cm.
  • the net extends 50cm from the top of the slope. After the top of the slope is fixed, the net is laid from top to bottom.
  • the bamboo nails or wooden nails are sheet-shaped, the front end is pointed, and the rear section has a laterally protruding limit end to avoid slippage of the bamboo nails or wooden nails.
  • the length is 25-40cm and the width is 3cm. It is made of bamboo or wood.
  • bamboo nails or wooden nails have a good fixation effect on the coconut wire mesh at the initial stage of use. After the vegetation grows, the soil is fixed, and there is no need for bamboo nails or wooden nails for fixing. The bamboo nails or wooden nails are naturally degraded into organic soil and do not pollute the environment. And there is no need for subsequent manual processing, which saves manpower.
  • the bamboo nails or wooden nails are in a sheet shape, and the two sides of the front end are removed to form an isosceles triangle tip, which reduces the resistance of insertion.
  • the length of the bamboo nail or wooden nail is 25cm, the width is 3cm, a barbed protrusion is set on one surface of the tail section, the length of the protrusion along the direction of the bamboo nail or wooden nail is 1cm, and the end of the protrusion is 2cm from the surface of the nail body.
  • the length of the bamboo nail or wooden nail is 25 cm and the width is 3 cm.
  • the front end of the bamboo nail or wooden nail is processed into a triangle, and the tip can be formed by removing one side. Remove one side of the corresponding tail section to protrude outward to form a barb.
  • the length of the barb is 1cm, which is used to limit the position and avoid slippage of bamboo nails or wooden nails.
  • bamboo nails or wooden nails are shown in Figure 5.
  • the bamboo nails or wooden nails are evenly distributed in a matrix with a spacing of 50cm ⁇ 50cm.
  • the matrix materials include loam, peat soil, wood fiber, composite granulating agent, organic fertilizer, and microbial fertilizer. Loam 20-120kg/m 2 , peat soil 2-10kg/m 2 , wood fiber 2-10kg/m 2 , organic fertilizer 2-10kg/m 2 , microbial fertilizer 10-80g/m 2 and composite aggregate agent 10-80g /m 2 . Stir the substrate evenly. Use microbial fertilizer, combined with organic fertilizer; use wood fiber, etc. to increase the fluffy and water retention of the substrate.
  • Microbial fertilizer uses the life activities of microorganisms to obtain required nutrients for plants, which can accelerate the decomposition of organic matter, activate the soil, and improve the utilization of nutrients.
  • Microbial fertilizer can choose a single strain or a mixture of multiple strains, and the strain has the characteristics of rapid reproduction and strong vitality.
  • the microbial fertilizer works in the pH range of 5.5-12.
  • the effective number of live bacteria in the microbial fertilizer ⁇ 20 billion/g.
  • the microbial fertilizer is mixed with other substrates, and the amount of poor soil is 10g/m 2 , and the use of organic fertilizer can provide more nutrients for the microorganisms and enhance their activity.
  • microbial fertilizer for example, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus subtilis, photosynthetic bacteria, etc. are used.
  • the wood fiber is of woody color and is made by high temperature and high pressure grinding.
  • the length is 3mm-10mm. It is used as the skeleton of the matrix soil to make the matrix layer become a porous and stable soil structure. It has the characteristics of resistance to rain and wind erosion, strong air permeability, and decomposes into organic matter in the later stage. For soil use.
  • plant seeds suitable for survival can be selected, and plant seeds 5-100g/m 2 can be selected .
  • the ratio of plant seeds is shown in Table 1.
  • the proportioning method of the plant seeds adopts any one or more of the following:
  • rhizobia When legumes and non-legumes are combined, rhizobia are used, which symbiotically form root nodules and can fix nitrogen with the roots of legumes.
  • Herbs and shrubs have different soil-fixing and drought-resistance capabilities, and their roots are different in depth. They combine herbs and shrubs; vegetation, shrubs and flowers combine to achieve three-dimensional multi-level greening and colorful greening.
  • the spraying machine is a hydraulic spraying machine or an air pressure spraying machine.
  • the power is 23kw, the capacity is 8 cubic meters, and it is sprayed on the slope surface of the roadbed to be greened, and the pumping outlet pressure is 10kgf.
  • the straw mat is composed of stalks of rice straw arranged in a row, with a thickness of less than 1 cm and a width of 1 m.
  • the density of the straw mat should not be too large, it should have a certain degree of air permeability, the gap between the straws is 0.5-1cm, and the density is usually 0.8kg/m 2 .
  • the straw mat plays the role of heat preservation and moisturizing in the early stage, and decomposes into organic matter in the later stage, which is ecological and environmentally friendly. Compared with non-woven fabrics, straw mats are more environmentally friendly and do not require subsequent treatment.
  • An irrigation system is set up on the construction site, and water pipes are evenly arranged according to the slope height, with a spacing of about 2m.
  • the water pipes are fixed by wooden piles, as shown in Figure 6.
  • sprinkler irrigation the water droplets diverge and fall on the slope like rain.
  • the slope height of the slope is 6 meters
  • the main irrigation pipes are arranged along the slope one week
  • the irrigation water pipe branch roads are arranged horizontally at the slopes of 2 meters and 4 meters, respectively.
  • the surface temperature is above 30°C, and watering should be prohibited at noon when the temperature is above 25°C. The best time for watering should be before 9:00 in the morning and after 17:00 in the afternoon ( The specific situation depends on the weather conditions.)
  • the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests should adopt physical prevention and control measures that do not pollute the environment and environmental protection pesticide prevention and control measures.
  • the slope surface water and soil conservation effect is basically better, the plant community (grass-shrub type) is reflected, the mixed herb plants and shrubs grow normally, and the slope green coverage rate reaches more than 70%.
  • the height of the shrubs is ⁇ 10cm, and the competition between species is normal.
  • the root system forms a protective layer with good tensile and shear strength on the slope, which has significant effects on biological protection and water and soil conservation.
  • the species is diverse and growing well. Create a plant community that has a strong soil-reinforcing slope protection effect and a better landscape effect, with shrubs as the main body, grass and ground covered with plants, and can naturally coordinate growth and succession without artificial maintenance.
  • slope surface reinforcement and masonry of the slope surface skeleton structure can also include slope surface reinforcement and masonry of the slope surface skeleton structure.
  • Coconut wire mesh is covered on the cleaned flat slope and fixed by wooden nails or bamboo nails.
  • Coconut wire mesh is a net structure made of 100% coconut fiber.
  • Coconut fiber contains 0.25% hemicellulase, 45% lignin, 43% cellulose and 4% gum. It has low elongation and high tensile strength.
  • the single-line tensile strength is ⁇ 220KN.
  • Cleaning the flat cover includes: removing slag, stones, etc. on the slope, and flattening if there are protrusions. Depending on the slope surface, cover 15-20cm thick planting soil and rake it flat.
  • the specifications of the coconut wire mesh are 2m in width and 5cm ⁇ 5cm in mesh.
  • the coconut wire mesh When laying, the coconut wire mesh should be stretched tightly, the mesh should be close to the slope surface, and the overlap length between the meshes should not be less than 10cm. After the slope top is fixed, the hanging net is laid from top to bottom.
  • the bamboo nails or wooden nails are sheet-shaped, the front end is pointed, and the rear section has a laterally protruding limit end to avoid slippage of the bamboo nails or wooden nails.
  • the length is 25-40cm and the width is 3cm. It is made of bamboo or wood.
  • the bamboo nails or wooden nails are evenly distributed in a matrix with a spacing of 50cm ⁇ 50cm.
  • the guest soil is sprayed on the slope surface covered with the coconut mesh, and the substrate includes loam, peat soil, wood fiber, composite aggregate, organic fertilizer and microbial fertilizer;
  • organic fertilizer for example, crop straw organic fertilizer is used.
  • Microbial fertilizer uses the life activities of microorganisms to obtain required nutrients for plants, which can accelerate the decomposition of organic matter, activate the soil, and improve the utilization of nutrients.
  • Microbial fertilizer can choose a single strain or a mixture of multiple strains. The strain has the characteristics of rapid reproduction and strong vitality.
  • Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus subtilis, photosynthetic bacteria, etc. are used for the microbial fertilizer.
  • plant seeds suitable for survival can be selected.
  • the straw mat is composed of stalks of rice straw arranged in a row, with a thickness of less than 1 cm and a width of 1 m.
  • the density of the straw mat should not be too large, it should have a certain degree of air permeability, the gap between the straws is 0.5-1cm, and the density is usually 0.8kg/m 2 .
  • it also includes setting a road shoulder water-retaining edge on the road shoulder.
  • the substrate fixing effect is good, the plant growth effect is good, and the phenomenon of soil erosion on the slope surface is avoided.
  • the present invention provides a fully ecological slope surface spraying structure and construction method.
  • the slope surface is cleaned and the slope surface is covered with soil; the coconut wire mesh is laid on the slope surface and fixed to the slope with wooden nails or bamboo nails. Surface; mixed substrate and sprayed with guest soil on the slope covered with coconut mesh; the sprayed substrate is covered with grass mats; an irrigation system is laid.
  • the whole construction process of the invention is green and environmentally friendly, the slope surface has no residues of chemical and metal materials, and the slope surface is completely ecological.
  • the use of microbial fertilizer instead of traditional chemical fertilizer, and the use of organic fertilizer can provide more nutrients for microorganisms to enhance their activity.
  • straw mats instead of non-woven fabrics, the straw mats play the role of heat preservation and moisturizing in the early stage, and decompose into organic matter in the later stage, which is ecological and environmentally friendly.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Ecology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
  • Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)

Abstract

一种全生态坡面喷播施工方法，首先清理坡面，进行坡面覆土；在坡面铺设椰丝网并采用木钉或竹钉固定至坡面；混合基质并采用客土喷播在覆盖椰丝网的坡面上；喷播的基质外覆盖草垫子；铺设灌溉系统。还公开了一种全生态坡面喷播结构。施工全过程绿色环保。

Description

全生态坡面喷播结构及施工方法 技术领域
本发明涉及水土流失治理技术领域，尤其涉及一种全生态坡面喷播结构及施工方法。
背景技术
目前我国路基边坡生态防护主要有人工种植、客土喷播、植生袋植草灌木、喷混植生等类型。客土喷播技术是将植物生长的基础—土壤、种子与基质等按比例混合经机械搅拌均匀并喷射到坡面上，待种子发芽长成植被后达到边坡防护的功能。
目前客土喷播技术的施工流程为：(1)施工准备；(2)坡面清理及覆土；(3)挂网及锚杆固定；(4)基材混合拌制；(5)客土喷播；(6)覆盖无纺布；(7)养护管理。其中，挂网多使用镀锌铁丝网，锚杆为钢筋，并做防锈处理。基材主要为土壤、保水剂、粘合剂及化肥。
客土喷播技术施工简单、造价低，可配合圬工骨架。但该技术在实际应用中尚存不足。目前客土喷播技术在施工过程中使用镀锌铁丝网、钢筋、化肥、无纺布等材料，上述材料的使用均会对环境造成一定的负面影响，不符合绿色环保的要求。
镀锌铁丝网及钢筋：金属材料在生产过程中存在对环境的污染。边坡土体中设置大量钢筋锚杆不符合环保节能的理念。
化肥：化肥在生产制造过程中会产生有害气体，对人和动植物造成伤害。从化肥的原料开采到加工生产，总是给化肥带进一些重金属元素或有毒物质，造成土壤中重金属元素的富集。化肥在使用过程中还可能会造成水体中富集 营养、地下水的污染等。
无纺布：无纺布的原材料是聚丙烯，在生产过程中存在对环境的污染。尽管无纺布较塑料容易降解，但废弃后仍然存在一定程度的污染。
路基边坡生态防护作为国家绿色通道建设的重要组成，在我国正处于快速发展的阶段。本领域亟待提出全生态环保施工方法，实现坡面全面生态化。
发明内容
针对目前的客土喷播方法存在环境污染的问题，本发明提供全生态坡面喷播结构及施工方法，基于客土喷播技术，采用全生态环保施工方法，使坡面全面生态化，具有良好的推广应用前景。
为达到上述目的，本发明提供了一种全生态坡面喷播施工方法，包括：
清理坡面；
坡面覆土；
坡面铺设椰丝网并采用木钉或竹钉固定至所述坡面；
基质混合；
喷播的基质和植物种子，并覆盖草垫子；
铺设灌溉系统。
进一步的，所述基质包括壤土、泥炭土、木纤维、复合团粒剂、有机肥以及微生物菌肥；
壤土20-120kg/m 2、泥炭土2-10kg/m 2、木纤维2-10kg/m 2、有机肥2-10kg/m 2、微生物肥10-80g/m 2以及复合团粒剂10-80g/m 2。
进一步的，所述植物种子为5-50g/m 2，采用下述任一种或几种：
冷季型草和暖季型草结合；豆科和非豆科结合；落叶植物和常绿植物结合；草木、灌木和花结合；外来种与乡土种结合。
进一步的，坡面覆土包括：覆盖15-20cm厚的种植土，并耙平。
进一步的，坡面铺设椰丝网包括：拉紧椰丝网，椰丝网与坡面贴紧，网间搭接长度不小于10cm；在坡顶固定后，椰丝网自上而下铺设。
进一步的，所述竹钉或木钉呈片状，前端为尖端，后段具有侧向突出的限位端。
进一步的，客土喷播的厚度为2cm。
进一步的，所述草垫子由稻草秸秆排列组成，厚度小于1cm,幅宽1m,秸秆之间空隙0.5-1cm；施工时沿坡面从上至下竖向铺设，草垫子之间不搭接；所述草垫子使用竹钉或木钉固定。
本发明另一方面提供一种全生态坡面喷播结构，包括椰丝网、木钉或竹钉、基质以及草垫子；
所述椰丝网覆盖在清理平覆的坡面上，通过木钉或竹钉固定；
所述基质混合后和植物种子一起，采用客土喷播在覆盖椰丝网的坡面上，所述基质包括壤土、泥炭土、木纤维、复合团粒剂、有机肥以及微生物菌肥；壤土20-120kg/m 2、泥炭土2-10kg/m 2、木纤维2-10kg/m 2、有机肥2-10kg/m 2、微生物肥10-80g/m 2以及复合团粒剂10-80g/m 2。
所述草垫子覆盖在所述基质外。
进一步的，所述基质的客土喷播的厚度为2cm；所述草垫子由稻草秸秆排列组成，厚度小于1cm,幅宽1m,秸秆之间空隙0.5-1cm。
本发明的上述技术方案具有如下有益的技术效果：
(1)本发明使用椰丝网或麻绳网代替坡面镀锌铁丝网；使用木钉或竹钉代替固网钢筋锚杆，施工全过程绿色环保，坡面无化工及金属材料的残留，坡面全生态。
(2)本发明使用微生物菌肥代替传统化肥，配合有机肥使用可以为微生物提供更多的营养增强其活性，保证了土木的生长效果，进而保证基质的稳定固定。
(3)本发明使用草垫子防止雨水冲刷坡面，无需使用无纺布；草垫子初期起到保温保湿的作用，后期分解为有机质，生态环保。
附图说明
图1为施工流程示意图；
图2是全生态客土喷播绿化结构断面示意图；
图3(a)为竹钉一实施例中的主视图，图3(b)为竹钉一实施例中的左视图；
图4为竹钉另一实施例中的主视图；
图5为竹钉布置示意图；
图6为灌溉水管布置示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚明了，下面结合具体实施方式并参照附图，对本发明进一步详细说明。应该理解，这些描述只是示例性的，而并非要限制本发明的范围。此外，在以下说明中，省略了对公知结构和技术的描述，以避免不必要地混淆本发明的概念。
边坡生态防护采用全生态坡面喷播施工方法，结合图1，施工主要步骤如下：
S1、清理坡面
进行施工准备，施工人员、机械设备、客土喷播材料等准备就绪。准备就绪后，清除坡面石渣、石块等。如果存在突出物则进行削平处理。
S2、坡面覆土
视坡面情况，覆盖15-20cm厚的种植土，适合草木生长，并耙平。
S3、坡面铺设椰丝网并采用木钉或竹钉固定
坡面挂网并采用木钉或竹钉固定，进而固定基质。坡面挂网材料采用麻质或椰丝等天然生态材料，挂网使用木钉或竹钉，整体坡面布置见图2。
(1)椰丝网
椰丝网是用100％的椰子纤维做成的网状结构。椰子纤维含0.25％半纤维素酶、45％木质素、43％纤维素和4％胶质，有较低的伸长率和高抗拉强度，单线抗拉强度≥220KN。
在一个实施例中，椰丝网规格为幅宽2m，网格5cm×5cm。
椰丝网特性：
①柔韧性：具有高抗拉力，适应不规则的坡面铺设，可以减少边坡的修整工作量。
②环保性：3-5年后，椰纤维网自然降解为有机土壤，非常环保。且无需后续再进行人工处理，节省人力。
③保湿性：椰纤维网能吸收一部分水分，对减少边坡土壤的水分蒸发，增加入渗量有显著的作用。
铺设时椰丝网应当拉紧，网与坡面贴紧，网间搭接长度不小于10cm。网在坡顶向外延伸50cm，坡顶固定后，挂网自上而下铺设。
(2)竹钉或木钉
竹钉或木钉呈片状，前端为尖端，后段具有侧向突出的限位端，避免竹钉或木钉滑移。长度为25-40cm，宽度为3cm。采用竹材或木材加工而成。竹钉或木钉使用初期对椰丝网具有良好的固定效果，待草木生长后，固定土壤，则无需竹钉或木钉进行固定，竹钉或木钉自然降解为有机土壤，不污染环境，且无需后续再进行人工处理，节省人力。
在一个实施例中，见图3，竹钉或木钉呈片状，前端两侧去除，形成等腰三角形的尖端，减小插入的阻力。竹钉或木钉长度为25cm，宽度为3cm，尾段一个表面上设置倒刺型凸起，凸起沿竹钉或木钉方向的长度为1cm，凸起末端距离钉体表面2cm。
在又一实施例中，见图4，竹钉或木钉长度为25cm，宽度为3cm。竹钉或木钉前端加工成三角形，可采用去除一侧的方式形成尖端。去除一侧对应的尾段向外突出形成倒钩。倒钩的长度为1cm，用于限位，避免竹钉或木钉滑移。
竹钉或木钉的布置方式如图5所示。在一个实施例中，竹钉或木钉成矩阵形式均匀分布，间距为50cm×50cm。
S4、基质混合
基质材料包括壤土、泥炭土、木纤维、复合团粒剂、有机肥、微生物菌肥。壤土20-120kg/m 2、泥炭土2-10kg/m 2、木纤维2-10kg/m 2、有机肥2-10kg/m 2、微生物肥10-80g/m 2以及复合团粒剂10-80g/m 2。将基质搅拌均匀。使用微生物菌肥，配合使用有机肥；使用木纤维等增加基质的蓬松性、保水性。
(1)有机肥
采用农作物秸秆有机肥。
(2)微生物菌肥
微生物菌肥利用微生物的生命活动使植物得到所需养分，可以加快有机质分解，活化土壤，提高养分利用率。微生物菌肥可以选择单一菌种或多种菌类混合，菌种具有繁殖快速、生命力强等特点。
微生物菌肥在pH5.5—12范围内发挥作用。微生物菌肥有效活菌数≥200亿/g。微生物菌肥与其他基质拌和使用，贫瘠土壤用量10g/m 2，配合有机肥使用可以为微生物提供更多的营养增强其活性。
微生物菌肥例如采用地衣芽孢杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、光合菌等。
(3)木纤维
木纤维为木本色，经高温高压研磨制成，长度3mm-10mm，作为基质土的骨架，使基质层成为多孔稳定的土壤结构，具有耐雨水、风侵蚀，牢固透气的特性，后期分解为有机质供土壤利用。
(4)植物种子
可以根据土壤类型及气候类型，选择适宜生存的植物种子，选择植物种子5-100g/m 2。
在一个实施例中，植物种子的配比参见表1
表1 植物种子配比
Figure PCTCN2021078930-appb-000001
该植物种子的配比方式采用下述任一种或几种：
冷季型草和暖季型草结合；豆科和非豆科结合；落叶植物和常绿植物结合；草木、灌木和花结合；外来种与乡土种结合；保证植物的多样性。
豆科和非豆科结合时，采用根瘤菌，根瘤菌与豆科作物根部共生形成根瘤并能固氮。
草本和灌木的固土和抗旱能力不同，根系深浅不同，将草本和灌木结合；草木、灌木和花结合实现立体多层次绿化和多彩绿化。
落叶植物和常绿植物结合使得冬季的时候植物不全枯黄。
S5、客土喷播
选择客土喷播机械，调节喷播机械泵送压力等参数，将拌和均匀的基质喷射至坡面椰丝网的表面，自上而下进行喷播，喷播基质层厚2cm。
在喷播机的储料罐中加入水，然后依次加入植物种子和基质；应用喷播机的搅拌机将基质充分拌合，形成均匀的胶状混合浆液；所述混合液经喷播机的喷枪口团粒化；应用喷播机的喷播单元多角度喷播所述团粒化的胶状混合浆液到边坡坡面，在所述坡面上形成基质层。该喷播机为液压喷播机或空压喷播机。功率23kw，容量8立方，喷播到待绿化路基坡面上，泵送出口压力10kgf。
S6、覆盖草垫子
坡面喷播后覆盖草垫子，防止雨水冲刷坡面。草垫子是由一根根稻草秸秆排列组成，厚度小于1cm,幅宽1m。草垫子密度不宜过大，应具有一定的透气性,秸秆之间空隙0.5-1cm,密度通常为0.8kg/m 2。
施工时沿坡面从上至下竖向铺设，草垫子之间无需搭接，以免搭接过厚影响植物生长。对于风力较大地段可采用木钉或竹钉对草垫子进行固定。
草垫子初期起到保温保湿的作用，后期分解为有机质，生态环保。草垫子相较于无纺布，更加环保，无需后续处理。
S7、铺设灌溉系统
施工现场设置灌溉系统，根据坡面斜高均匀布置水管，间距约为2m，水 管采用木桩固定，具体见图6。采用喷灌方式，水滴发散，以雨状降落坡面。
在一个实施例中坡面的斜高为6米，沿坡面一周设置灌溉水管主路，在2米和4米斜高处分别横向设置灌溉水管支路。
进一步地，还可以包括养护管理，夏季地表温度在30℃以上，气温在25℃以上的中午应禁止浇水，浇水的最好时间应在上午9：00以前，下午在17:00以后(具体情况视天气情况确定)，病虫害防治应采用对环境无污染的物理防治和环保型农药防治措施。
经过上述初期阶段的养护管理，基本上达到边坡面水土保持效果较好、植物群落(草灌型)得到体现，混播的草本植物及灌木树种生长正常，边坡绿化覆盖率达70％以上。灌木品种每平方2～4株，灌木高度≥10cm，种间竞争正常。根系在坡面上形成一个抗张力和抗剪强度良好的保护层，生物防护、保持水土作用显著。物种出现多样性，长势良好。营造有较强固土护坡效果和较好景观效果的以灌木为主体、草和地被植物覆盖、且能在无需人工养护下就可自然协调生长和演替的植物群落。
进一步地，在清理坡面前还可以包括坡面加固，砌筑坡面骨架结构。
本发明另一方面提供一种全生态客土喷播结构，结合图1，包括椰丝网、木钉或竹钉、基质以及草垫子。
椰丝网覆盖在清理平覆的坡面上，通过木钉或竹钉固定。
椰丝网是用100％的椰子纤维做成的网状结构。椰子纤维含0.25％半纤维素酶、45％木质素、43％纤维素和4％胶质，有较低的伸长率和高抗拉强度，单线抗拉强度≥220KN。
清理平覆包括：清除坡面石渣、石块等，如果存在突出物则进行削平处理。视坡面情况，覆盖15-20cm厚的种植土，并耙平。
在一个实施例中，椰丝网规格为幅宽2m，网格5cm×5cm。
铺设时椰丝网应当拉紧，网与坡面贴紧，网间搭接长度不小于10cm。坡顶固定后，挂网自上而下铺设。
竹钉或木钉呈片状，前端为尖端，后段具有侧向突出的限位端，避免竹 钉或木钉滑移。长度为25-40cm，宽度为3cm。采用竹材或木材加工而成。
在一个实施例中，竹钉或木钉成矩阵形式均匀分布，间距为50cm×50cm。
基质混合后采用客土喷播在覆盖椰丝网的坡面上，所述基质包括壤土、泥炭土、木纤维、复合团粒剂、有机肥以及微生物菌肥；
壤土20-120kg/m 2、泥炭土2-10kg/m 2、木纤维2-10kg/m 2、有机肥2-10kg/m 2、微生物肥10-80g/m 2，复合团粒剂10-80g/m 2。与5-100g/m 2植物种子喷播。
有机肥例如采用农作物秸秆有机肥。
微生物菌肥利用微生物的生命活动使植物得到所需养分，可以加快有机质分解，活化土壤，提高养分利用率。微生物菌肥可以选择单一菌种或多种菌类混合，菌种具有繁殖快速、生命力强等特点。微生物菌肥例如采用地衣芽孢杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、光合菌等。
可以根据土壤类型及气候类型，选择适宜生存的植物种子。
选择客土喷播机械，调节喷播机械泵送压力等参数，将拌和均匀的基质喷射至坡面椰丝网的表面，自上而下进行喷播，喷播基质层厚2cm。
坡面喷播后覆盖草垫子，防止雨水冲刷坡面。草垫子是由一根根稻草秸秆排列组成，厚度小于1cm,幅宽1m。草垫子密度不宜过大，应具有一定的透气性,秸秆之间空隙0.5-1cm,密度通常为0.8kg/m 2。
进一步地，还包括在路肩设置路肩挡水缘。
该绿化工程使用后，基质固定效果好，植物生长效果好，避免了发生坡面水土流失现象。
综上所述，本发明提供一种全生态坡面喷播结构及施工方法，首先清理坡面，进行坡面覆土；在坡面铺设椰丝网并采用木钉或竹钉固定至所述坡面；混合基质并采用客土喷播在覆盖椰丝网的坡面上；喷播的基质外覆盖草垫子；铺设灌溉系统。本发明施工全过程绿色环保，坡面无化工及金属材料的残留，坡面全生态。使用微生物菌肥代替传统化肥，配合有机肥使用可以为微生物提供更多的营养增强其活性。使用草垫子代替无纺布，草垫子初期起到保温 保湿的作用，后期分解为有机质，生态环保。
应当理解的是，本发明的上述具体实施方式仅仅用于示例性说明或解释本发明的原理，而不构成对本发明的限制。因此，在不偏离本发明的精神和范围的情况下所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。此外，本发明所附权利要求旨在涵盖落入所附权利要求范围和边界、或者这种范围和边界的等同形式内的全部变化和修改例。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种全生态坡面喷播施工方法，其特征在于，包括：
    清理坡面；
    坡面覆土；
    在坡面铺设椰丝网并采用木钉或竹钉固定至所述坡面；
    混合基质；
    喷播的基质和植物种子，并覆盖草垫子；
    铺设灌溉系统。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的全生态坡面喷播施工方法，其特征在于，所述基质包括壤土、泥炭土、木纤维、复合团粒剂、有机肥以及微生物菌肥；
    壤土20-120kg/m 2、泥炭土2-10kg/m 2、木纤维2-10kg/m 2、有机肥2-10kg/m 2、微生物肥10-80g/m 2以及复合团粒剂10-80g/m 2。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的全生态坡面喷播施工方法，其特征在于，所述植物种子为5-50g/m 2，采用下述任一种或几种：
    冷季型草和暖季型草结合；豆科和非豆科结合；落叶植物和常绿植物结合；草木、灌木和花结合；外来种与乡土种结合。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2所述的全生态坡面喷播施工方法，其特征在于，坡面覆土包括：覆盖15-20cm厚的种植土，并耙平。
  5. 根据权利要求1或2所述的全生态坡面喷播施工方法，其特征在于，坡面铺设椰丝网包括：拉紧椰丝网，椰丝网与坡面贴紧，网间搭接长度不小于10cm；在坡顶固定后，椰丝网自上而下铺设。
  6. 根据权利要求1或2所述的全生态坡面喷播施工方法，其特征在于，所述竹钉或木钉呈片状，前端为尖端，后段具有侧向突出的限位端。
  7. 根据权利要求1或2所述的全生态坡面喷播施工方法，其特征在于，客土喷播的厚度为2cm。
  8. 根据权利要求1或2所述的全生态坡面喷播施工方法，其特征在 于，所述草垫子由稻草秸秆排列组成，厚度小于1cm,幅宽1m,秸秆之间空隙0.5-1cm；施工时沿坡面从上至下竖向铺设，草垫子之间不搭接；所述草垫子使用竹钉或木钉固定。
  9. 一种全生态坡面喷播结构，其特征在于，包括椰丝网、木钉或竹钉、基质以及草垫子；
    所述椰丝网覆盖在清理平覆的坡面上，通过木钉或竹钉固定；
    所述基质混合后和植物种子一起，采用客土喷播在覆盖椰丝网的坡面上，所述基质包括壤土、泥炭土、木纤维、复合团粒剂、有机肥以及微生物菌肥；壤土20-120kg/m 2、泥炭土2-10kg/m 2、木纤维2-10kg/m 2、有机肥2-10kg/m 2、微生物肥10-80g/m 2以及复合团粒剂10-80g/m 2；
    所述草垫子覆盖在所述基质外。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的全生态坡面喷播结构，其特征在于，所述基质的客土喷播的厚度为2cm；所述草垫子由稻草秸秆排列组成，厚度小于1cm,幅宽1m,秸秆之间空隙0.5-1cm。
PCT/CN2021/078930 2020-03-03 2021-03-03 全生态坡面喷播结构及施工方法 Ceased WO2021175263A1 (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010145486.3 2020-03-03
CN202010145486.3A CN111328642A (zh) 2020-03-03 2020-03-03 全生态坡面喷播结构及施工方法

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2021175263A1 true WO2021175263A1 (zh) 2021-09-10

Family

ID=71175123

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2021/078930 Ceased WO2021175263A1 (zh) 2020-03-03 2021-03-03 全生态坡面喷播结构及施工方法

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CN (1) CN111328642A (zh)
WO (1) WO2021175263A1 (zh)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114223467A (zh) * 2021-12-01 2022-03-25 西北农林科技大学 一种高寒地区岩土边坡快速生态恢复方法
CN114303878A (zh) * 2021-12-30 2022-04-12 大连地拓环境科技有限公司 一种高陡岩质边坡无土喷播基质及其应用方法
CN114617044A (zh) * 2022-04-01 2022-06-14 云南金晖建设工程有限公司 一种边坡绿化喷播基质及喷播方法
CN114790751A (zh) * 2022-05-12 2022-07-26 湖北工业大学 一种“果、泥”复合型生态护坡结构及其施工方法
CN114840895A (zh) * 2022-05-07 2022-08-02 三峡大学 一种基于3d打印的边坡绿化工程施工方法
CN114868589A (zh) * 2022-05-13 2022-08-09 保利生态产业发展有限公司 用于边坡生态修复的聚合物喷播材料及其施工方法
CN114946598A (zh) * 2022-06-02 2022-08-30 广东桃林生态环境有限公司 一种应用于堆石环境的土壤缓释基材及其制备和应用方法
CN115885774A (zh) * 2022-11-18 2023-04-04 广西新发展交通集团有限公司 管槽格构联合植生管和无土草皮卷的石漠化边坡护坡方法
CN116711614A (zh) * 2023-07-05 2023-09-08 汇金科技控股集团有限公司 一种无土喷播基材及其制备方法和应用
CN117502180A (zh) * 2023-12-12 2024-02-06 四川省冶勘设计集团生态环境工程有限公司 一种用于矿山高陡边坡生态修复的喷播基材及其施工方法
CN120530845A (zh) * 2025-06-17 2025-08-26 兰州大学 一种牧光互补草地边坡光伏组件下种草的方法

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111328642A (zh) * 2020-03-03 2020-06-26 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司铁道建筑研究所 全生态坡面喷播结构及施工方法
CN112544159A (zh) * 2020-11-13 2021-03-26 上海宝冶集团有限公司 一种基于废弃菌包土的边坡客土喷播施工方法
CN113338310B (zh) * 2021-05-26 2022-05-24 中国建筑一局(集团)有限公司 一种就地取材且可降解的边坡水土保持桩、系统、及方法
CN117488838A (zh) * 2023-11-07 2024-02-02 国网福建省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 一种裸土区生态修复前期加固的植根仿生系统
CN117587835A (zh) * 2023-12-01 2024-02-23 福州大学 一种适用于土质坡面的bbs生态防护系统及其施工方法

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH1169918A (ja) * 1997-08-28 1999-03-16 Muneo Hiratani グランドカバー工法
CN102172138A (zh) * 2011-01-28 2011-09-07 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 一种新型生态边坡绿化防护技术
CN104892118A (zh) * 2015-05-18 2015-09-09 深圳文科园林股份有限公司 一种喷播基质及其制作方法
CN105113518A (zh) * 2015-08-20 2015-12-02 三峡大学 一种坡面设有槽坑的边坡生态防护基材构筑方法
CN205875084U (zh) * 2016-07-13 2017-01-11 黄河水利职业技术学院 一种用于水利的护坡网
CN109328805A (zh) * 2018-08-01 2019-02-15 江苏绿岩生态技术股份有限公司 一种石漠化地区边坡生态治理方法
CN208717925U (zh) * 2018-09-04 2019-04-09 岳阳市公路桥梁基建总公司 一种高陡岩质边坡生态防护结构
CN111328642A (zh) * 2020-03-03 2020-06-26 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司铁道建筑研究所 全生态坡面喷播结构及施工方法

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102644289A (zh) * 2012-04-19 2012-08-22 福建省景观园林建筑发展有限公司 一种高速公路石质边坡喷混植生生态修复方法
CN102804993A (zh) * 2012-08-09 2012-12-05 江苏美尚生态景观股份有限公司 一种植生基质喷播绿化的方法
CN103798047A (zh) * 2014-02-27 2014-05-21 黄鹤平 一种绿化喷播方法
CN105981539A (zh) * 2015-02-04 2016-10-05 深圳市铁汉生态环境股份有限公司 一种边坡绿化方法
CN204626339U (zh) * 2015-05-15 2015-09-09 马朝阳 一种水利护坡网
CN105830732A (zh) * 2016-04-26 2016-08-10 江苏东珠景观股份有限公司 一种草灌结合喷播植草施工方法
CN205857209U (zh) * 2016-07-27 2017-01-04 修伟洪 一种水土保持生态护坡
CN107100176B (zh) * 2017-04-24 2019-01-29 浙江中景市政园林建设有限公司 一种高速公路边坡绿化系统
CN107711316A (zh) * 2017-11-15 2018-02-23 合肥华福土工合成材料有限公司 一种生态边坡植被网的铺设方法
CN109137939A (zh) * 2018-08-20 2019-01-04 江苏绿岩生态技术股份有限公司 一种铁路路基边坡的生态防护方法

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH1169918A (ja) * 1997-08-28 1999-03-16 Muneo Hiratani グランドカバー工法
CN102172138A (zh) * 2011-01-28 2011-09-07 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 一种新型生态边坡绿化防护技术
CN104892118A (zh) * 2015-05-18 2015-09-09 深圳文科园林股份有限公司 一种喷播基质及其制作方法
CN105113518A (zh) * 2015-08-20 2015-12-02 三峡大学 一种坡面设有槽坑的边坡生态防护基材构筑方法
CN205875084U (zh) * 2016-07-13 2017-01-11 黄河水利职业技术学院 一种用于水利的护坡网
CN109328805A (zh) * 2018-08-01 2019-02-15 江苏绿岩生态技术股份有限公司 一种石漠化地区边坡生态治理方法
CN208717925U (zh) * 2018-09-04 2019-04-09 岳阳市公路桥梁基建总公司 一种高陡岩质边坡生态防护结构
CN111328642A (zh) * 2020-03-03 2020-06-26 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司铁道建筑研究所 全生态坡面喷播结构及施工方法

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114223467A (zh) * 2021-12-01 2022-03-25 西北农林科技大学 一种高寒地区岩土边坡快速生态恢复方法
CN114303878A (zh) * 2021-12-30 2022-04-12 大连地拓环境科技有限公司 一种高陡岩质边坡无土喷播基质及其应用方法
CN114617044A (zh) * 2022-04-01 2022-06-14 云南金晖建设工程有限公司 一种边坡绿化喷播基质及喷播方法
CN114840895B (zh) * 2022-05-07 2024-05-28 三峡大学 一种基于3d打印的边坡绿化工程施工方法
CN114840895A (zh) * 2022-05-07 2022-08-02 三峡大学 一种基于3d打印的边坡绿化工程施工方法
CN114790751B (zh) * 2022-05-12 2023-11-28 湖北工业大学 一种“果、泥”复合型生态护坡结构及其施工方法
CN114790751A (zh) * 2022-05-12 2022-07-26 湖北工业大学 一种“果、泥”复合型生态护坡结构及其施工方法
CN114868589A (zh) * 2022-05-13 2022-08-09 保利生态产业发展有限公司 用于边坡生态修复的聚合物喷播材料及其施工方法
CN114946598A (zh) * 2022-06-02 2022-08-30 广东桃林生态环境有限公司 一种应用于堆石环境的土壤缓释基材及其制备和应用方法
CN115885774A (zh) * 2022-11-18 2023-04-04 广西新发展交通集团有限公司 管槽格构联合植生管和无土草皮卷的石漠化边坡护坡方法
CN116711614A (zh) * 2023-07-05 2023-09-08 汇金科技控股集团有限公司 一种无土喷播基材及其制备方法和应用
CN117502180A (zh) * 2023-12-12 2024-02-06 四川省冶勘设计集团生态环境工程有限公司 一种用于矿山高陡边坡生态修复的喷播基材及其施工方法
CN120530845A (zh) * 2025-06-17 2025-08-26 兰州大学 一种牧光互补草地边坡光伏组件下种草的方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN111328642A (zh) 2020-06-26

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2021175263A1 (zh) 全生态坡面喷播结构及施工方法
CN104196006B (zh) 沙漠化土壤治理方法
CN102138508B (zh) 利用生物结皮对陡峭道路边坡进行绿化和防护的方法
CN107382608A (zh) 一种植被复绿无土混合纤维喷播辅助材料、喷播材料及植被复绿施工方法
CN101692769A (zh) 有土草毯
CN110565660A (zh) 边坡绿化用喷播施工方法
CN101507391B (zh) 岩石坡面生态化治理方法
CN110485441A (zh) 矿山修复用浸网式生态护坡结构及其喷播施工方法
CN111456046A (zh) 一种轻型生态边坡的修复结构及修复方法
CN102301943A (zh) 便携式植物藤毯的生产方法
RU2751851C1 (ru) Способ интенсивного выращивания газона с обогащением почвы водой с помощью суперабсорбента при орошении
CN107964961A (zh) 高陡边坡创面表层苔藓防雨水冲刷技术及其施工方法
CN105960889A (zh) 一种复合植物纤维有机植生毯及其制备方法
CN106576474A (zh) 华南地区边坡高效生态恢复方法
CN105340507A (zh) 一种佛甲草屋顶绿化种植方法及屋顶绿化种植结构
CN210946834U (zh) 矿山修复用浸网式生态护坡结构
CN109328805A (zh) 一种石漠化地区边坡生态治理方法
CN102308710A (zh) 一种地毯式草坪及其制备方法
CN113133380B (zh) 一种寒旱区边坡及废弃矿山的生态修复方法
CN104686180B (zh) 凹叶景天草皮卷生产方法
CN109831955A (zh) 一种梯田的固土方法及梯田生态护坡结构
JP2014077285A (ja) 太陽光発電施設の敷地構造及び敷地造成方法
CN112753530A (zh) 山体护坡基质强化剂、山体强化护坡基质和山地边坡的强化方法
KR100876008B1 (ko) 카펫형 천연 지피식물에 의한 옥상녹화장치
CN110249756A (zh) 一种团粒混合纤维喷播方法

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 21764098

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 21764098

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1