WO2021157498A1 - Équipement d'éolienne et pale d'éolienne - Google Patents

Équipement d'éolienne et pale d'éolienne Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021157498A1
WO2021157498A1 PCT/JP2021/003413 JP2021003413W WO2021157498A1 WO 2021157498 A1 WO2021157498 A1 WO 2021157498A1 JP 2021003413 W JP2021003413 W JP 2021003413W WO 2021157498 A1 WO2021157498 A1 WO 2021157498A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wind turbine
wind
blade
floating
rotation
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2021/003413
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
菅野優
Original Assignee
株式会社Okya
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from JP2020018600A external-priority patent/JP6810311B1/ja
Priority claimed from JP2020138598A external-priority patent/JP7028395B1/ja
Priority claimed from JP2020166853A external-priority patent/JP2022059242A/ja
Application filed by 株式会社Okya filed Critical 株式会社Okya
Publication of WO2021157498A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021157498A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
    • F03D13/25—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors specially adapted for offshore installation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D3/06—Rotors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/04—Automatic control; Regulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/727—Offshore wind turbines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/74—Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to wind turbine equipment and blades, floating wind turbine equipment, and windshields of floating wind turbine equipment.
  • offshore wind power generation facilities is expanding because they can be operated in an environment with better wind conditions than on land without being restricted by the area on land.
  • Floating offshore wind turbines are generally wind turbines in which three blades (wings) rotate around a horizontal axis of rotation, which is called a horizontal axis and has good power generation efficiency and is easy to increase in size. There is.
  • the floating structure may be shaken and tilted by the waves.
  • the blade pitch is adjusted to reduce the rotation speed in order to keep the rotation speed of the rotor constant. Then, the resistance of the wind to the blade becomes small, and the floating structure is inclined upwind.
  • the relative wind speed with respect to the blade becomes small, and the rotation speed of the rotor of the generator decreases.
  • Control is performed to increase the rotation speed by adjusting the pitch of the blades in order to keep the rotation speed of the rotor constant. Then, the resistance of the wind to the blade increases, and the floating structure further tilts downwind. Such a phenomenon is called negative damping.
  • the rotation axis of the wind turbine is used as the horizontal axis between the fixed bearing frames, and a plurality of rotors are connected to the horizontal axis. Is disclosed in parallel with the horizontal axis, and a technique of a horizontal axis power generation device having high rotational torque and high power generation efficiency even at a low wind speed is disclosed (Patent Document 3).
  • Patent Document 4 a technique is disclosed in which a floating offshore wind turbine not only lands on the seabed and is moored, but also moves to another place by receiving wind from a sail laid on the floating body.
  • Patent Document 5 a means for acquiring a relative angle between a floating body and a wind direction and a method for controlling the posture are disclosed (Patent Document 5), and a method for controlling the posture of the floating body.
  • Examples include a method of changing the angle of the rudder in water, a method of inserting a resistance plate on the leeward side or leeward side of the floating body, a method of using an auxiliary sail in front of or behind the floating body, and a method of using a thruster in water.
  • the facing beams have an acute angle at the joint with each rotation axis, and the support beam is parallel to the rotation axis on the vertically lower side and receives on the upper side.
  • the technology of a wind turbine rotating device capable of expanding the wind body and folding the wind receiver on the lower side is described, and an example of installing the wind body on a floating body structure is illustrated (Patent Document 6).
  • Examples of wind turbines that receive power by receiving wind include horizontal axis wind turbines represented by propeller type wind turbines and vertical axis wind turbines such as Darius type wind turbines and gyromill wind turbines. Each has a rotating shaft and one or more blades provided around the rotating shaft.
  • the types of wind turbine blades are classified into a lift type that rotates using the lift generated by the wind and a drag type that rotates using the force that the wind pushes the blade.
  • a vertical axis wind turbine that uses the lift generated by the blades is difficult to obtain rotational torque and has poor startability.
  • a vertical axis wind turbine that utilizes drag on the blades can be activated even in a weak wind, but the rotation of the blades only increases to the same level as the wind speed, resulting in poor energy efficiency. Therefore, the lift type wind turbine is often used in combination with the drag type wind turbine.
  • the startability is improved, when the wind turbine starts to rotate, the drag-type wind turbine portion becomes a resistance to rotation, and the rotation efficiency is lowered.
  • Solidity is one of the important characteristic coefficients that characterize the performance of wind turbines. Solidity is defined as "the ratio of the total projected area of the rotor blades to the sweeped area of the wind turbine". However, the projected area here means projection on a plane perpendicular to the wind direction.
  • drag-type wind turbines have greater solidity than lift-type wind turbines, so the torque generated on the blades is larger than that of lift-type wind turbines.
  • the drag-type wind turbine is better for starting from a stationary state to a weak wind. However, it cannot rotate at a peripheral speed higher than the wind speed acting on the wind turbine.
  • the lift type wind turbine has a small solidity, it can rotate at a high peripheral speed ratio that is several times higher than the wind speed because it uses the lift generated by the blades. Therefore, the energy efficiency obtained is higher in the lift type wind turbine than in the drag type wind turbine.
  • the vertical type Darius type wind turbine belonging to the lift type wind turbine has a demerit that the startability is poor. It is often devised by combining it with the Savonius type of drag-type wind turbine (Patent Document 7).
  • the wind receiving surface is divided into a plurality of vertically long blades, each of which has a rotation axis on one of its vertical sides, and the direction of rotation of the wind receiving surface is behind. It can be opened and closed freely on the side, and when the wind receiving surface is a tail wind, each wing closes and receives the wind, and when the wind is headwind, each wing opens to reduce the wind resistance (Patent Document 9). ). Drag-type wind turbines cannot obtain great energy efficiency because the wind receiving surface cannot move faster than the wind speed.
  • Patent Document 10 A proposal is made in which a lift type wind turbine blade is combined with the proposal of Patent Document 9 (Patent Document 10).
  • Patent Document 10 the vertical blade is in an open state regardless of the wind direction.
  • the vertical blade becomes a resistance to rotation, even if it is slight, and reduces energy efficiency.
  • offshore wind power generation facilities is expanding because they can be operated in an environment with better wind conditions than on land without being restricted by the area on land.
  • Floating offshore wind turbines are generally installed in a landing type in relatively shallow waters, and the application of floating type is considered in deep waters.
  • the wind turbine blade which is a wind receiver, generally stops rotating when the wind speed exceeds a predetermined speed in a strong wind, and is called a cutout. ..
  • FIG. 7 shows the state when the inclination of the horizontal axis wind turbine to the windward side or the leeward side becomes large due to the shaking caused by the influence of the disturbance on the floating structure.
  • the reference position of the wind turbine is 22 with respect to the wind 11.
  • the state of being inclined toward the leeward side is 21 and the state of being inclined toward the leeward side is 23. Regardless of which direction the wind turbine is tilted, the wind receiving area is reduced and the power generation efficiency is reduced.
  • the angle between the wind direction and the rotation axis of the wind turbine becomes large, the load on the constituent mechanism of the wind turbine increases, and equipment failure is likely to occur.
  • the inclination of the wind turbine tends to cause the tower to bend or buckle.
  • Fig. 8 shows how the tower tilts upwind and leeward due to the shaking of the floating structure, using a vertical axis wind turbine called the Savonius type as an example.
  • the reference position of the wind turbine is 32 with respect to the wind 11.
  • the state of being inclined toward the leeward side is 31 and the state of being inclined toward the leeward side is 33. Regardless of which direction the wind turbine tilts, the power generation efficiency decreases and the risk of failure increases, as with the horizontal axis type wind turbine.
  • the present invention provides equipment for rotating a wind turbine from a low wind speed region to a high wind speed region, which protects the wind turbine from wind in a storm region and prevents the wind turbine from breaking down even if a floating body shakes. ..
  • the problem to be solved by the first invention is that the sway of the floating structure due to the disturbance such as the wave of the sea surface changes in conjunction with the angle consisting of the rotation axis of the wind turbine and the wind direction.
  • the second invention aims to provide a wind turbine having excellent startability and high energy efficiency.
  • the third invention is an object of the floating wind turbine equipment to provide a wind turbine equipment capable of reducing damage to the wind turbine portion under strong wind.
  • the rotation axes of the wind turbine are arranged horizontally and intersect the wind direction in order to stabilize the angle consisting of the rotation axis of the wind turbine and the wind direction. The most important feature is to do.
  • the floating structure is also characterized by having a mechanism in which the posture follows the changing wind direction.
  • the direction of rotation of the wind turbine is such that the blade is from leeward to leeward on the upper side of the rotation axis, and the blade is from leeward to leeward on the lower side.
  • the wind turbine has a structure in which the rotation axis is horizontal and intersects the wind direction, for example, a straight-wing vertical axis wind turbine is tilted sideways.
  • the direction of rotation of the wind turbine is such that the blade is from leeward to leeward on the upper side of the rotation axis, and the blade is from leeward to leeward on the lower side.
  • the wind turbine blade is provided with a lid that can be freely opened and closed toward the rotating shaft on the inside of the blade rotation, that is, on the surface on the rotating shaft side.
  • the support shaft for opening and closing the lid is on the rotation traveling side, and the free side is on the rotation rear side.
  • the opening angle of the lid is restricted within a desired range.
  • the lid of the blade above the rotation axis opens downward within the range limited by its own weight, and the open lid becomes the wind receiving surface and generates the starting torque of the wind turbine.
  • the wind turbine has a structure in which the rotation axis is horizontal and intersects the wind direction, for example, a straight-wing vertical axis wind turbine is tilted sideways.
  • the direction of rotation of the wind turbine is such that the blade is from leeward to leeward on the upper side of the rotation axis, and the blade is from leeward to leeward on the lower side.
  • the most important feature of the third invention is to install a windshield between the floating structure and the wind turbine.
  • the windshield is a position that does not block the wind at all when the floating wind turbine equipment is upright, or blocks the wind in the lower half of the rotation axis of the wind turbine, and exerts the windshield effect when it is sufficiently inclined to the leeward side. And install in shape.
  • the floating wind turbine equipment of the first invention is used in a form in which a wind turbine generally called a vertical axis type is laid down sideways.
  • a wind turbine generally called a vertical axis type is laid down sideways.
  • the atmosphere In the range from the surface of the earth called the friction layer of the atmosphere to 1000 m, the atmosphere is decelerated by the friction with the surface of the earth. In other words, the higher the place, the faster the wind speed.
  • the lid on the rotation shaft side of the blade hangs down and opens due to its own weight.
  • the opening angle of the lid is limited by the stopper, and the lid becomes the wind receiving surface, increasing the solidity and improving the maneuverability of the wind turbine.
  • the lid closes to the blade side due to its own weight or wind. When the blade moves toward the headwind side, the wind receiving surface becomes smaller.
  • the lid of the blade When the number of rotations of the wind turbine becomes sufficiently large, the lid of the blade is always closed to the blade side regardless of the positional relationship with the rotation shaft due to the centrifugal force received and the traveling wind of rotation. Since the solidity is small and the blade continues to generate lift, it can rotate at high speed and improve energy efficiency.
  • FIG. 7 shows a state in which the wind turbine is inclined to the windward side or the leeward side. Since the opening and closing of the lid provided on the blade is generated by its own weight and the traveling wind pressure, it functions according to the vertical vertical positional relationship without being affected by the tilted state of the wind turbine.
  • the windshield changes the flow path of the wind, the amount of air directly received by the wind turbine is reduced, and the damage to the wind turbine equipment is reduced.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a method of implementing a floating wind turbine facility.
  • FIG. 2 is a side view showing an implementation method of a floating wind turbine facility.
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a method of implementing the floating wind turbine equipment.
  • FIG. 4 is a side view showing a method of implementing the floating wind turbine equipment.
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a method of implementing the floating wind turbine equipment.
  • FIG. 6 is a side view showing a method of implementing the floating wind turbine equipment.
  • FIG. 7 is a perspective view when the horizontal axis wind turbine is tilted to the windward side or the leeward side.
  • FIG. 7 is a perspective view when the horizontal axis wind turbine is tilted to the windward side or the leeward side.
  • FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a wind turbine called a Savonius type as an example of a vertical axis wind turbine when it is tilted to the windward side or the leeward side.
  • FIG. 9 is a perspective view when the wind turbine portion of the first invention is inclined to the windward side or the leeward side.
  • FIG. 10 shows a blade in which the wind turbine is stationary or in a low-speed rotation range and is above the rotation shaft, and the lid on the leeward side of the blade is opened by its own weight from the support shaft on the inner side surface of the rotation from the rotation shaft side. It is a seen perspective view. (Example 4) FIG.
  • FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a state in which the wind turbine is in the high-speed rotation range and the lid on the inner surface of the rotation of the blade above the rotation axis is closed to the blade side, as viewed from the rotation axis side.
  • Example 4 In FIG. 12, the windmill is stationary or in the low speed rotation range, and the lid on the inner side surface of the rotation of the blade above the rotation axis opens by its own weight and is lowered to the position of the stopper, and the blade below the rotation axis.
  • It is a side view of a schematic configuration example in a state where the lid is closed by its own weight. (Example 4)
  • FIG. 4 is a side view of a schematic configuration example in a state where the lid is closed by its own weight.
  • FIG. 13 is a side view of a schematic configuration example in which the wind turbine is rotating clockwise at a high speed around the rotation axis and the lids on the inner side surfaces of rotation of all the blades are closed. The lid is shown slightly away from the blade for clarity, but in actual operation it is integrated with the blade and does not become a resistance to rotation.
  • FIG. 14 is a perspective view of a schematic configuration example showing a state in which a wind turbine to which a blade with a lid is applied is loaded on a floating body on water.
  • FIG. 15 is a perspective view of a schematic configuration example showing a state in which a wind turbine to which a blade with a lid is applied is loaded on a rotary table. (Example 5) FIG.
  • FIG. 16 is a side view of the wind turbine equipment in an upright state.
  • FIG. 17 is a side view showing a state in which the wind turbine equipment is inclined in the windward direction.
  • FIG. 18 is a side view showing a state in which the wind turbine equipment is inclined in the leeward direction.
  • FIG. 19 is a side view showing a state in which the wind is extremely strong and the wind turbine equipment is greatly inclined in the leeward direction.
  • FIG. 20 is a perspective view showing a state in which the wind turbine equipment is inclined in the leeward direction.
  • FIG. 6 FIG.
  • FIG. 21 is a side view showing a state in which the wind turbine equipment having a large volume at the lower edge of the windshield is inclined in the leeward direction.
  • FIG. 22 is a side view showing a state in which the wind turbine equipment in which the windshield can slide up and down within a predetermined range of the wind turbine post is inclined in the leeward direction.
  • FIG. 23 is a perspective view showing a state in which a side wall is provided on the side surface of the wind turbine blade and the lid on the side surface of the rotating shaft is open.
  • FIG. 24 is a perspective view showing a side wall of each blade and a lid that can be opened and closed on the rotation shaft side, and the lid of the blade at the upper part of the rotation shaft is open to the stopper.
  • Example 9
  • Embodiments of the first invention are shown in Examples 1 to 3.
  • the purpose of stabilizing the angle between the rotation axis of the wind turbine and the wind direction regardless of the shaking of the wind turbine is to arrange the rotation axis of the wind turbine horizontally and intersect the wind direction. It was realized by maintaining the attitude of being in the direction of doing.
  • the wind turbine uses a type in which the blade or the wind turbine rotates around the rotation axis by receiving the wind from the side surface of the rotation axis.
  • the wind turbine that receives the wind from the side surface of the rotating shaft may be one that is pushed by the wind called a drag type and rotates, or one that is rotated by the lift generated by the wind called a lift type.
  • the axis of rotation of the wind turbine When the axis of rotation of the wind turbine is crossed horizontally and with the direction of the wind, the axis of rotation may be a double-sided type in which both ends are supported by a support, or a cantilever type in which only one side is supported by a support. In the case of the cantilever type, it is easy to balance the load by attaching rotating shafts on both sides of the support. Structural strength can be obtained by holding the rotating shaft on both sides.
  • the rotation of the wind turbine may be used as mechanical power or may be used for a power generation device.
  • Example 1 of the first invention equipment is shown in FIG. 1, and a side view is shown in FIG.
  • the wind turbine rotates together with the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is connected to the generator to generate electricity.
  • the floating body 5 contains a power generation facility, a power storage facility, and a power control unit.
  • FIG. 9 shows that the angle at which the wind direction intersects with the wind turbine rotation axis does not change even if the equipment of the first invention is tilted in the leeward direction or in the leeward direction due to the shaking caused by the disturbance.
  • the reference position of the wind turbine is 42 with respect to the wind 11.
  • the state of being inclined toward the leeward side is 41, and the state of being inclined toward the leeward side is 43.
  • the wind receiving area does not change regardless of which direction the wind turbine is tilted.
  • Example 2 of the first invention device is shown in FIG. 3, and a side view is shown in FIG.
  • the sail 6 receives the wind and generates lift. Since the equipment of the present invention is not fixed, it moves by the force of the wind.
  • the ladder 7 changes the angle of travel of the moving equipment. Changing the traveling angle of the equipment includes adjusting the rotation axis of the wind turbine and the wind direction so that they are not parallel to each other. These help move the equipment of the present invention to sea areas with suitable wind conditions at sea.
  • the power generation efficiency of the wind turbine is best when the wind direction and the rotation axis of the wind turbine are orthogonal.
  • the second embodiment may travel diagonally toward the windward side or toward the leeward side, depending on the angle of the movement target sea area with respect to the wind direction.
  • Example 3 of the first invention equipment is shown in FIG. 5, and a side view is shown in FIG.
  • the mooring line 9 connects the equipment of the present invention to the seabed or other structures.
  • the tail feather 6 faces leeward when the wind hits it. It is useful to orient the equipment of the present invention so that the axis of rotation of the wind turbine intersects the wind direction.
  • the crossing means a state in which the wind direction and the rotation axis of the wind turbine have an angle, including orthogonality, rather than parallel.
  • Embodiments of the second invention are shown in Examples 4 and 5.
  • FIGS. 10 and 11 show the open / closed state of the blade and the lid of the second invention.
  • the blade 52 applied to the wind turbine equipment of the fourth embodiment has an airfoil shape.
  • the opened lid 54a is connected to the blade by a support shaft 57 and can be freely opened and closed.
  • the position of the support shaft 57 on the blade is free and may be close to the leading edge of the blade or close to the trailing edge.
  • the position of the support shaft 57 on the blade also includes being on the outer side of rotation, which is the opposite side of the rotation shaft.
  • the position of the free end of the lid is also free, and it may be the trailing edge of the blade, or any position between the trailing edge and the support shaft. The longer the length between the support shaft and the free end of the lid, the larger the area used as the wind receiving part.
  • the length of the lid with respect to the blade length direction may be one piece over the entire length, may be divided into a plurality of pieces, or may be arranged intermittently.
  • the surface of the lid has a shape that becomes part of the airfoil profile of the entire blade.
  • a lid 54 (the open lid is 54a) is attached to the surface of the blade near the rotation axis, with an axis parallel to the rotation axis as a support axis and freely opening and closing toward the rotation axis.
  • the lid is integrated with the blade in the closed state, and the maximum opening angle is up to the stopper 55 in the open state.
  • the stopper may be attached to the arm 53, for example.
  • a method of connecting the lid and the blade with a wire to limit the maximum opening angle of the lid may also be used. By limiting the maximum opening angle of the lid with a stopper or the like, an appropriate wind receiving surface can be obtained.
  • FIG. 12 shows a side view of the fourth embodiment when the wind is weak and the wind turbine is stopped or the rotation speed is low.
  • the lid of the blade above the axis of rotation opens by its own weight.
  • the maximum opening angle is limited by the position of the stopper.
  • the air receiving area is increased by the amount that the lid is opened, so that the solidity is increased and the starting torque of the wind turbine rotation is increased.
  • the lid of the blade located below the rotation axis closes to the blade side due to its own weight. Since the wind receiving area is smaller than when the lid is open, the wind resistance when the blade returns to the windward side can be reduced.
  • FIG. 13 shows a state when the wind speed is sufficiently high.
  • the lid of the blade is pressed against the blade by the centrifugal force of the wind turbine and the traveling wind of rotation, and is always in a closed state regardless of the position. That is, the solidity becomes smaller. It is possible to eliminate the restriction of the rotation speed due to the wind resistance of the wind receiving portion as seen in the vertical axis drag type wind turbine.
  • FIG. 14 shows a state in which the embodiment of the fourth embodiment is installed in the floating structure.
  • the wind turbine is supported by columns 63 at both ends of the rotating shaft and is connected to the floating body 61.
  • the floating body is a catamaran composed of two bodies, and the two floating bodies are connected by a connecting stand 62 to form a wind turbine facility.
  • the wind turbine equipment is moored to the seabed, surrounding structures, ships, etc. by the mooring line 64, and is blown away by the wind so that the wind turbine rotation axis and the wind direction always intersect.
  • the generator 65 connected to the rotating shaft 51 is rotated to generate electricity. Further, the rotation of the wind turbine may be used as direct power.
  • the electricity generated by the generator is stored in a storage battery loaded in the floating body and used to drive the equipment loaded in the floating body, or the surrounding water is electrolyzed to generate hydrogen and stored in the tank. It can be supplied to the outside through an electric wire.
  • FIG. 15 shows the overall configuration of the embodiment of the fifth embodiment. This embodiment is not limited to offshore and may be carried out on land.
  • a plurality of blades are laid at equal intervals around the rotating shaft 51 of the wind turbine via the wind turbine wheel 56.
  • the axis of rotation is horizontal and has a positional relationship that intersects the wind direction of the wind 11.
  • the leading edge of the blade should face leeward when the blade is at the top of the rotation.
  • a lid 54 (the open lid is 54a) that freely opens and closes toward the rotation axis is attached with an opening / closing shaft in a direction parallel to the rotation axis as a fulcrum.
  • the lid is integrated with the blade in the closed state, and the maximum opening angle is up to the stopper 55 mounted on the wind turbine wheel in the open state.
  • the wind turbine is supported by columns 63 via bearings 71 at both ends of the rotating shaft, and is fixed to the wind turbine stand 72 to form the wind turbine equipment.
  • the positional relationship is such that the rotation axis of the wind turbine and the wind direction always intersect.
  • the wind turbine wheel is located at a position deviated from the center of rotation of the generator wheel, and the center of rotation of the wind turbine stand is coaxial with the center of rotation of the generator wheel. Can generate electricity with its position fixed.
  • the electricity generated by the generator can be stored in a storage battery and used as an independent power source, or can be connected to a wiring system and used over a wide area.
  • Embodiments of the third invention are shown in Examples 6 to 9.
  • FIG. 16 shows a state in which the wind turbine equipment of the third invention is upright.
  • One or more blades 52 are laid at equal intervals around the shaft 51 of the wind turbine via the arm 53.
  • the leading edge of the blade should face leeward when the blade is at the top of the axis of rotation.
  • the wind turbine is supported on the floating body 61 by a post 63.
  • the wind turbine rotates in response to the wind 11 and operates a generator 65 connected to the wind turbine to generate electricity.
  • the generated electricity is stored in a storage battery installed in the floating body.
  • the floating body is on the water surface 12, and the floating wind turbine equipment is fixed to the ocean by being installed on the anchor 66 seabed 10 through the mooring line 64.
  • the windshield 67 is attached between the floating body and the wind turbine via a post.
  • the windshield does not interfere with the rotating space of the wind turbine.
  • the flow of the wind passing through the wind turbine equipment, that is, the air flow 14, is shown.
  • the windshield does not block at least the wind above the rotation axis of the wind turbine.
  • the wind below the axis of rotation of the wind turbine may be shielded.
  • FIG. 17 shows Example 6 in which the wind turbine equipment is inclined to the windward side. The windshield does not affect the wind that the windmill receives.
  • FIG. 18 shows a state in which the wind turbine equipment of Example 6 is inclined to the leeward side.
  • the windshield shields the lower part of the wind that the windmill receives. However, the windmill can continue to rotate due to the wind received at the top.
  • FIG. 19 shows a state in which the wind turbine of Example 6 is greatly inclined downwind.
  • the wind turbine equipment rotates in response to the wind while repeating shaking between the states shown in FIGS. 17 to 18 to 19.
  • the center of the swing width of the sway will incline to the leeward side.
  • the windward edge is referred to as the upper edge portion 67-1 and the leeward edge is referred to as the lower edge portion 67-2.
  • the wind turbine equipment tilts further to the leeward side, and when it tilts from a predetermined angle, the state shown in FIG. 19 is continuously obtained. Since the airflow bypasses the wind turbine by the windshield, the amount of air received by the wind turbine is reduced, or the wind turbine loses its rotational force because it does not receive the wind. It is possible to prevent the wind turbine from being damaged by over-rotation under strong wind.
  • the predetermined angle of the wind turbine equipment is determined by the rotation diameter of the wind turbine, the height of the rotation shaft of the wind turbine from the floating body, the height of the windshield, the shape of the windshield, the wind speed and the course of the airflow, and is not uniform.
  • FIG. 20 is a perspective view of the embodiment of the third invention in a state where the wind turbine equipment is greatly inclined in the leeward direction.
  • the windshield has a length that covers at least the entire width of the wind turbine.
  • the windshield receiving surface is the lower surface when the wind turbine equipment is upright, but it is curved in a convex shape so as to reduce the resistance of the airflow when the wind turbine equipment is tilted to the leeward side.
  • the upper and lower edges of the windshield are folded back at an acute angle or a curved surface shape equivalent to it so that the airflow detoured on the wind receiving surface does not wrap around the wind turbine but separates from the windshield and flows backward.
  • a concave curved surface is desirable on the wind turbine surface side of the windshield, but this is not the case.
  • the windshield only needs to function when the wind speed is extremely high, and when the wind speed is extremely high, the wind turbine equipment always inclines only to the leeward side. Therefore, the windshield simply acts as a windshield, and the windward can be shortened on the leeward side in order to prevent damage due to water landing on the windshield.
  • FIG. 21 shows a side view of Example 7 in a state where the volume of the lower edge portion of the windshield is increased.
  • the angle at which the wind turbine equipment tilts can be restricted by using the buoyancy that increases the volume of the lower edge of the windshield.
  • FIG. 22 is a side view showing a state in which the windshield can slide up and down within a predetermined range of the wind turbine post according to the eighth embodiment.
  • the windshield may be able to slide freely along the windmill post within a predetermined range.
  • the windshield 7' is at the lower limit of the movable range of the wind turbine post due to gravity.
  • the windshield moves to the upper part within the movable range along the wind turbine post due to the wind pressure.
  • the distance between the windshield and the windmill can be increased, and when the windshield is needed, the windshield can be moved closer to the windmill to prevent the wind.
  • 23 and 24 are views showing a state in which a side wall is provided on the side surface of the blade of the ninth embodiment and the lid of the blade above the rotation axis is open.
  • the blade on the upper side of the wind turbine rotation shaft has an increased wind receiving area with the lid 54a open.
  • the side wall 66 makes the wind receiving portion bag-shaped, and the received wind does not pass through the side surface of the lid. Rotational energy can be efficiently extracted even in a weak wind.
  • the side walls When the lid is closed, the side walls have almost no wind resistance and do not affect rotational efficiency.
  • the side wall on the side of the blade may be a fixed type, or may be a foldable or sheet-like soft material that moves in conjunction with the opening and closing of the lid.
  • the wind turbine equipment having a general lift type blade has poor startability in a weak wind, and there is a risk of the blade being damaged in a strong wind, whereas the wind turbine equipment of the third invention is weak as described above. It has the feature that it can be activated in the wind and can protect the blade in the strong wind.
  • the first invention is to have a structure and equipment in which the rotation axis of the wind turbine intersects the wind direction and has a horizontal positional relationship. It can be applied because there is no decrease in equipment and there are few equipment failures.
  • the wind turbine equipment and the wind turbine blade of the second invention may be used in a floating offshore wind turbine for a horizontal and horizontal axis wind turbine in which the crossing relationship between the rotation axis and the wind direction of the wind turbine does not change even if the floating body shakes. There is.
  • the floating wind turbine facility with a windshield of the third invention can be used in a floating offshore wind turbine facility in which the crossing relationship between the rotation axis of the wind turbine and the wind direction does not change even if the floating body shakes. There is sex.
  • Windmill 2 Rotating shaft 3 Bearing 4 Indicator 5 Floating structure 6 Sail 7 Ladder 8 Tail feather 9 Mooring rope 11 Wind 12 Water surface 13 Seabed 14 Airflow 21 Horizontal axis tilted forward with respect to wind direction Windmill 22 Horizontal axis at reference position with respect to wind direction Wind turbine 23 Horizontal axis wind turbine tilted backward with respect to the wind direction 31 Vertical axis wind turbine tilted forward with respect to the wind direction 32 Vertical axis wind turbine with reference position with respect to the wind direction 33 Vertical axis wind turbine tilted backward with respect to the wind direction 41 First tilted forward with respect to the wind direction Windmill of the invention equipment 42 Windmill of the first invention equipment at a reference position with respect to the wind direction 43 Windmill of the first invention equipment tilted backward with respect to the wind direction 51 Rotating shaft 52 Blade 53 Arm 54 Lid 54a Open lid 54b Closed lid 55 Stopper 56 Generator wheel 57 Lid support shaft 58 Side wall 61 Floating body 62 Connecting stand 63 Prop 64 Mo

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

Le problème décrit par la présente invention consiste à stabiliser, dans un équipement d'éolienne installé sur une structure flottante, l'angle entre la direction du vent et l'arbre rotatif d'une éolienne sans être affecté par le balancement de la structure flottante et de l'équipement d'éolienne en raison de perturbations telles que des vagues. La solution selon la présente invention porte, pour un équipement d'éolienne installé sur une structure flottante, sur une éolienne d'un type dans lequel une pale ou un corps de réception de vent tourne autour de l'arbre de rotation de l'éolienne en recevant du vent à partir d'une direction croisant l'arbre rotatif, l'équipement ayant la fonction de réglage de l'orientation de la structure flottante de telle sorte que l'arbre de rotation de l'éolienne est supporté horizontalement et conçu de façon à croiser la direction du vent.
PCT/JP2021/003413 2020-02-06 2021-01-29 Équipement d'éolienne et pale d'éolienne WO2021157498A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2020018600A JP6810311B1 (ja) 2020-02-06 2020-02-06 浮体式風車設備
JP2020-018600 2020-02-06
JP2020-138598 2020-08-19
JP2020138598A JP7028395B1 (ja) 2020-08-19 2020-08-19 風車設備および風車ブレード
JP2020166853A JP2022059242A (ja) 2020-10-01 2020-10-01 風防を備えた浮体式風車設備
JP2020-166853 2020-10-01

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WO2021157498A1 true WO2021157498A1 (fr) 2021-08-12

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Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2264754A (en) * 1992-03-04 1993-09-08 Zoysa Garumuni Newton De A wind turbine.
JP2003172245A (ja) * 2001-12-03 2003-06-20 Koji Iizuka 風 車
JP2008115781A (ja) * 2006-11-06 2008-05-22 Ogasawara Insatsu Kk 開閉式補助ブレード付きｈ−ダリウス型風車
KR20100032268A (ko) * 2008-09-16 2010-03-25 원인호 수상 풍력발전장치
US20100329841A1 (en) * 2009-01-21 2010-12-30 O'neil John Lee California wind engine
KR101034924B1 (ko) * 2010-11-15 2011-05-17 우정택 경사진 두 회전축에 의해 회전효율을 높인 풍력회전장치
JP2016148320A (ja) * 2015-02-15 2016-08-18 優 菅野 浮体式洋上風力発電設備
WO2020021256A1 (fr) * 2018-07-27 2020-01-30 Cross-Flow Energy Company Limited Installation de génération de puissance comprenant une éolienne

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2264754A (en) * 1992-03-04 1993-09-08 Zoysa Garumuni Newton De A wind turbine.
JP2003172245A (ja) * 2001-12-03 2003-06-20 Koji Iizuka 風 車
JP2008115781A (ja) * 2006-11-06 2008-05-22 Ogasawara Insatsu Kk 開閉式補助ブレード付きｈ−ダリウス型風車
KR20100032268A (ko) * 2008-09-16 2010-03-25 원인호 수상 풍력발전장치
US20100329841A1 (en) * 2009-01-21 2010-12-30 O'neil John Lee California wind engine
KR101034924B1 (ko) * 2010-11-15 2011-05-17 우정택 경사진 두 회전축에 의해 회전효율을 높인 풍력회전장치
JP2016148320A (ja) * 2015-02-15 2016-08-18 優 菅野 浮体式洋上風力発電設備
WO2020021256A1 (fr) * 2018-07-27 2020-01-30 Cross-Flow Energy Company Limited Installation de génération de puissance comprenant une éolienne

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