WO2021152571A1 - Granules of polyhalite and urea and a compaction process for the production thereof - Google Patents

Granules of polyhalite and urea and a compaction process for the production thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021152571A1
WO2021152571A1 PCT/IL2020/051335 IL2020051335W WO2021152571A1 WO 2021152571 A1 WO2021152571 A1 WO 2021152571A1 IL 2020051335 W IL2020051335 W IL 2020051335W WO 2021152571 A1 WO2021152571 A1 WO 2021152571A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
granule
urea
polyhalite
particles
binder
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IL2020/051335
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Khalil Abu-Rabeah
Ruben SOCOLOVSKY
Marina DAKOV
Yacov LEVY
Natalia GEINIK
Moshe GOLDFARB
Original Assignee
Icl Europe Cooperatief U.A.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Icl Europe Cooperatief U.A. filed Critical Icl Europe Cooperatief U.A.
Priority to US17/785,999 priority Critical patent/US20230250037A1/en
Priority to IL294086A priority patent/IL294086A/en
Priority to EP20917147.9A priority patent/EP4097067A4/en
Publication of WO2021152571A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021152571A1/en

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
    • C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
    • C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
    • C05C9/005—Post-treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D5/00—Fertilisers containing magnesium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
    • C05D9/02—Other inorganic fertilisers containing trace elements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of composite fertilizers, specifically to production of a compacted polyhahte and urea fertilizer.
  • plants need nutrients (nitrogen, potassium, calcium, zinc, magnesium, iron, manganese, etc.) which normally can be found in the soil.
  • nutrients nitrogen, potassium, calcium, zinc, magnesium, iron, manganese, etc.
  • fertilizers are needed to achieve a desired plant growth as these can enhance the growth of plants.
  • Fertilizers typically provide, in varying proportions, three main macronutrients:
  • Potassium (K) Strong stem growth, movement of water in plants, promotion of flowering and fruiting; three secondary macronutrients: calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and Sulphur (S); micronutrients: copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo), zinc (Zn), boron (B), and of occasional significance there are silicon (Si), cobalt (Co), and vanadium (V) plus rare mineral catalysts.
  • the most reliable and effective way to make the availability of nutrients coincide with plant requirements is by controlling their release into the soil solution, using slow release or controlled release fertilizers.
  • slow release fertilizers SRF
  • controlled release fertilizers CRF
  • slow release fertilizers and controlled release fertilizers differ in many ways: The technology they use, the release mechanism, longevity, release controlling factors and more.
  • Solid fertilizers include granules, prills, crystals and powders.
  • a prilled fertilizer is a type of granular fertilizer that is nearly spherical made by solidifying free-falling droplets in air or a fluid medium.
  • Most controlled- release fertilizers (CRFs) used in commercial nurseries are prilled fertilizers that have been coated with sulfur or a polymer.
  • Polyhalite is an evaporite mineral, a hydrated sulfate of potassium, calcium and magnesium with formula: K 2 Ca2Mg(S0 4 ) 4 2H 2 O. Polyhahte is used as a fertilizer since it contains four important nutrients and is low in chloride:
  • Nitrogen is essential component for the plant. N containing fertilizers like Urea, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulphate calcium nitrate and Magnesium nitrate are useful for the plant's growth.
  • Urea also known as carbamide, is an organic compound with chemical formula CO(NH 2 ) 2 .
  • Polyhalite and urea although both useful for the proper growth of a plant are practically un-mixable due to urea is considered a ductile material, and polyhahte is a mined non-ductile substance. From a chemical point of view it is extremely difficult of cause the adherence of these two substances without using shear force as these are both solids.
  • the concentration of polyhahte in the granule may be in a range between 20-80% w/w, preferably, between 30- 70% w/w, most preferably between 40-60% w/w.
  • a process for the compaction of Polyhahte with a urea comprising: mixing a feed of polyhahte with a feed of urea and optionally a binder in a mixer to yield a mixture; compacting in a compactor to yield masses; crushing said masses in a crusher to yield particles; and screening said particles in a screener to yield different particles in three different sizes: oversized particles which undergo a second crushing process and are retuned to said screener for screening, undersized particles which are transferred to said mixer for further mixing, and desired size granular particles which are transferred to a polish screener.
  • a granule of polyhalite and urea there is provided herein a granule of polyhalite and urea.
  • plants need nitrogen to grow, develop and produce usable products. Since plants get their nitrogen from the soil, farmers must replenish nitrogen to ensure successful growth and to replace nitrogen removed in the harvested crop. When plants are not provided with sufficient nitrogen, they become nitrogen deficient. Plants with nitrogen deficiency often have spindly stems and their growth is stunted.
  • NUE Nitrogen use efficiency
  • the unique combination of polyhalite and urea in a single compacted granule allows for the NUE to be increased, e.g., without increasing the amount of fertilizer provided to the plants.
  • the concentration of polyhahte in the granule may be in a range between 20-80% w/w, preferably, between 30- 70% w/w, most preferably between 40-60% w/w.
  • a process for the compaction of Polyhalite with a urea comprising: mixing a feed of polyhalite with a feed of urea and optionally a binder in a mixer to yield a mixture; compacting in a compactor to yield masses; crushing said masses in a crusher to yield particles; and screening said particles in a screener to yield different particles in three different sizes: oversized particles which undergo a second crushing process and are retuned to said screener for screening, undersized particles which are transferred to said mixer for further mixing, and desired size granular particles which are transferred to a polish screener.
  • the final product contain: N,K,S,MgO,CaO
  • the mixture for the compactor may contain 50-70% w/w of Polyhalite, 20- 50% w/w of Urea and optionally a binder.
  • the mixing may be performed in a blade blender and/or any other suitable devise capable of having a rotation speed that creates a swirling motion for a perfect homogenization and a high blending precision, e.g., a Ploughshare ® Mixer.
  • the compaction may be a wet compaction.
  • the compaction process may include the addition of a binder 1-5% binder.
  • the binder may include but not limited : for example, organic or inorganic binders, such as, starch, bentonite, sodium silicate, lignosulfonates, molasses, hydrated hme, bitumen, Portland cement, clay, acids, cellulose gum, sucrose, water, water glass, cements, Fly Ash, Potassium and Sodium Silicate, MgO, CaO, Alganite, Geo-polymers, oils and waxesand the like, or a combination thereof.
  • organic or inorganic binders such as, starch, bentonite, sodium silicate, lignosulfonates, molasses, hydrated hme, bitumen, Portland cement, clay, acids, cellulose gum, sucrose, water, water glass, cements, Fly Ash, Potassium and Sodium Silicate, MgO, CaO, Alganite, Geo-polymers, oils and waxesand the
  • the dry compaction process may include the following steps:
  • the mixture may be heated to a temperature between 80-180 °C, preferably 160°C.
  • the flakes (also referred to herein as “particles” or “granules”) is between 1-6 mm, most preferably between 2-4 mm.
  • Oversized (OS) flakes - are returned to the grinding stage, e.g., between 4-20% w/w of the total resulting flakes.
  • Undersized (US) flakes - are recycled to the mixture for compaction, e.g., between 10 to 80% w/w of the total resulting flakes.
  • a binder in the dry process, optionally a binder may be added in a concentration of between 0.01-7% w/w, preferably between 1- 5% w/w, most preferably between 2-4% w/w.
  • the final product may submitted to post-treatment oil may be added to the resulting granules, e.g., to improve the rheology of the product and diminish dust formation. Polishing the granules or Coating. The resulting flakes/granules may be glazed and further coated with a suitable coating.
  • the coatings may include biodegradable coatings, sustained release coatings, controlled release coatings, oily coatings, wax coatings.
  • the dry compaction process may include the following steps:

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

There is provided herein a granule comprising polyhalite in a concentration of between 20-80% w/w and urea in a concentration of between 20-50% w/w and optionally a binder, wherein said granule comprises a granule strength of at least 1.1 Kg/granule.

Description

GRANULES OF POLYHALITE AND UREA AND A COMPACTION PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION
THEREOF
Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to the field of composite fertilizers, specifically to production of a compacted polyhahte and urea fertilizer.
Background of the Invention
To grow properly, plants need nutrients (nitrogen, potassium, calcium, zinc, magnesium, iron, manganese, etc.) which normally can be found in the soil. Sometimes fertilizers are needed to achieve a desired plant growth as these can enhance the growth of plants.
This growth of plants is met in two ways, the traditional one being additives that provide nutrients. The second mode by which some fertilizers act is to enhance the effectiveness of the soil by modifying its water retention and aeration. Fertilizers typically provide, in varying proportions, three main macronutrients:
Nitrogen (N): leaf growth;
Phosphorus (P): Development of roots, flowers, seeds, fruit;
Potassium (K): Strong stem growth, movement of water in plants, promotion of flowering and fruiting; three secondary macronutrients: calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and Sulphur (S); micronutrients: copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo), zinc (Zn), boron (B), and of occasional significance there are silicon (Si), cobalt (Co), and vanadium (V) plus rare mineral catalysts. The most reliable and effective way to make the availability of nutrients coincide with plant requirements is by controlling their release into the soil solution, using slow release or controlled release fertilizers.
Both slow release fertilizers (SRF) and controlled release fertilizers (CRF) supply nutrients gradually. Yet, slow release fertilizers and controlled release fertilizers differ in many ways: The technology they use, the release mechanism, longevity, release controlling factors and more.
Solid fertilizers include granules, prills, crystals and powders. A prilled fertilizer is a type of granular fertilizer that is nearly spherical made by solidifying free-falling droplets in air or a fluid medium. Most controlled- release fertilizers (CRFs) used in commercial nurseries are prilled fertilizers that have been coated with sulfur or a polymer. These products
have been developed to allow a slow release of nutrients into the root zone throughout crop development.
Polyhalite is an evaporite mineral, a hydrated sulfate of potassium, calcium and magnesium with formula: K2Ca2Mg(S04)4 2H2O. Polyhahte is used as a fertilizer since it contains four important nutrients and is low in chloride:
48% SO3 as sulfate
14% K20
6% MgO
17% CaO
Nitrogen is essential component for the plant. N containing fertilizers like Urea, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulphate calcium nitrate and Magnesium nitrate are useful for the plant's growth.
Urea, also known as carbamide, is an organic compound with chemical formula CO(NH2)2. This amide has two -NH2 groups joined by a carbonyl (C=0) functional group.
Polyhalite and urea, although both useful for the proper growth of a plant are practically un-mixable due to urea is considered a ductile material, and polyhahte is a mined non-ductile substance. From a chemical point of view it is extremely difficult of cause the adherence of these two substances without using shear force as these are both solids.
Summary of the Invention
According to some demonstrative embodiments, there is provided herein a granule of polyhahte and urea. According to some embodiments, the concentration of polyhahte in the granule may be in a range between 20-80% w/w, preferably, between 30- 70% w/w, most preferably between 40-60% w/w.
According to some embodiments, there is provided a process for the compaction of Polyhahte with a urea, the process comprising: mixing a feed of polyhahte with a feed of urea and optionally a binder in a mixer to yield a mixture; compacting in a compactor to yield masses; crushing said masses in a crusher to yield particles; and screening said particles in a screener to yield different particles in three different sizes: oversized particles which undergo a second crushing process and are retuned to said screener for screening, undersized particles which are transferred to said mixer for further mixing, and desired size granular particles which are transferred to a polish screener.
Detailed Description of the Invention
According to some demonstrative embodiments, there is provided herein a granule of polyhalite and urea.
According to some embodiments, plants need nitrogen to grow, develop and produce usable products. Since plants get their nitrogen from the soil, farmers must replenish nitrogen to ensure successful growth and to replace nitrogen removed in the harvested crop. When plants are not provided with sufficient nitrogen, they become nitrogen deficient. Plants with nitrogen deficiency often have spindly stems and their growth is stunted.
Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is the fraction of applied nitrogen that is absorbed and used by the plant. Improving a plant’s abihty to utilize nitrogen is a key component in enhancing environmental sustainability. Due to the substantial yield increases resulting from fertilization, farmers have steadily increased the amount of fertilizer added per unit of land area. According to some embodiments, the unique combination of polyhalite and urea in a single compacted granule allows for the NUE to be increased, e.g., without increasing the amount of fertilizer provided to the plants. According to some embodiments, the concentration of polyhahte in the granule may be in a range between 20-80% w/w, preferably, between 30- 70% w/w, most preferably between 40-60% w/w.
According to some embodiments, there is provided a process for the compaction of Polyhalite with a urea, the process comprising: mixing a feed of polyhalite with a feed of urea and optionally a binder in a mixer to yield a mixture; compacting in a compactor to yield masses; crushing said masses in a crusher to yield particles; and screening said particles in a screener to yield different particles in three different sizes: oversized particles which undergo a second crushing process and are retuned to said screener for screening, undersized particles which are transferred to said mixer for further mixing, and desired size granular particles which are transferred to a polish screener.
The final product contain: N,K,S,MgO,CaO
The mixture for the compactor may contain 50-70% w/w of Polyhalite, 20- 50% w/w of Urea and optionally a binder.
According to some embodiments, the mixing may be performed in a blade blender and/or any other suitable devise capable of having a rotation speed that creates a swirling motion for a perfect homogenization and a high blending precision, e.g., a Ploughshare ® Mixer.
According to some demonstrative embodiments, the compaction may be a wet compaction.
The compaction process may include the addition of a binder 1-5% binder. The binder may include but not limited : for example, organic or inorganic binders, such as, starch, bentonite, sodium silicate, lignosulfonates, molasses, hydrated hme, bitumen, Portland cement, clay, acids, cellulose gum, sucrose, water, water glass, cements, Fly Ash, Potassium and Sodium Silicate, MgO, CaO, Alganite, Geo-polymers, oils and waxesand the like, or a combination thereof.
The dry compaction process may include the following steps:
Mixing Potash with Ammonium Sulphate according to the formula. Adding micronutrients .
Adding organic or inorganic binder between 1-5% preferably between 2- 4% 1-2%
Adding water between 0.5-2%, preferably 0.5-1%.
The mixture may be heated to a temperature between 80-180 °C, preferably 160°C.
Feeding the mixture into a compactor to provide compacted flakes; Grinding of the flakes;
Sieving of the grinded flakes; and After sieving there are three types of yield:
1. Desired sized flakes - between 14 - 33 mm thickness, S.G. between 1.9 to 2.4 g/cm3. According to some embodiments, the desired size of
the flakes (also referred to herein as “particles” or “granules”) is between 1-6 mm, most preferably between 2-4 mm.
2. Oversized (OS) flakes - are returned to the grinding stage, e.g., between 4-20% w/w of the total resulting flakes.
3. Undersized (US) flakes - are recycled to the mixture for compaction, e.g., between 10 to 80% w/w of the total resulting flakes.
According to some embodiments, in the dry process, optionally a binder may be added in a concentration of between 0.01-7% w/w, preferably between 1- 5% w/w, most preferably between 2-4% w/w.
The final product may submitted to post-treatment oil may be added to the resulting granules, e.g., to improve the rheology of the product and diminish dust formation. Polishing the granules or Coating. The resulting flakes/granules may be glazed and further coated with a suitable coating.
For example, the coatings may include biodegradable coatings, sustained release coatings, controlled release coatings, oily coatings, wax coatings. The dry compaction process may include the following steps:
1. Mixing materials -3 Kg of mixture containing Poly halite, urea and binder in 200 lit mixer
2. Adding binder
3. Adding water
4. Compacting- Diameter 600 mm, width 145 mm. working force lOOKN/cm. roll velocity 6 rpm.
5. Crushing using hammer mill-
6. Screening
7. Drying the granule between 2-4 mm Single strength 1.3 Kg/granules
8. Recycling-80%
9. Analysis. All analyses conducted according to the standard procedure
Example 1
50% polyhahte + 50% urea Abrasion in - 12 mesh 22%
Eco dust 1.9%
Strength of granule immediately after production 1.4 Kg granule Strength of granule after 1 month 2.3 Kg granule
Example2
70% polyhahte + 30% urea
Abrasion in - 12 mesh 26% Eco dust 2.2%
Strength of granule immediately after production 1.4 Kg granule Strength of granule after 1 month 2.2 Kg granule
Example 3
70% polyhalite + 20% urea+10%ammonium sulphate Abrasion in - 12 mesh 40%
Eco dust 2.3%
Strength of granule immediately after production 1.1 Kg granule Strength of granule after 1 month 1.3 Kg granule
Example 4
70% polyhalite + 22% urea+6%ammonium sulphate+2% ligno sulphonate Abrasion in - 12 mesh 16%
Eco dust 0.9%
Strength of granule immediately after production 1.2 Kg granule Strength of granule after 1 month 1.9 Kg granule
Example 5
48% polyhahte + 50% urea+2%starch Abrasion in - 12 mesh 28%
Eco dust 1.8%
Strength of granule immediately after production 1.1 Kg granule
Strength of granule after 1 month 1.9 Kg granule Example 6
48% polyhalite + 50% urea+2% lignosulphonate Abrasion in - 12 mesh 12%
Eco dust 0.8%
Strength of granule immediately after production 2 Kg granule Strength of granule after 1 month 3.3 Kg granule.

Claims

Claims
1. A granule comprising polyhalite in a concentration of between 20- 80% w/w and urea in a concentration of between 20-50% w/w and optionally a binder, wherein said granule comprises a granule strength of at least 1.1 Kg/granule.
2. The granule of claim 1, wherein said binder is present in an concentration of between 1-5% w/w
3. The granule of claim 2, wherein said concentration is between 1-2% w/w.
4. The granule of claim 2, wherein said binder is a lignosulphonate.
5. The granule of claim 2, wherein said binder is starch.
6. A process for the compaction of Polyhalite with a urea, the process comprising: mixing a feed of polyhalite with a feed of urea and optionally a binder in a mixer to yield a mixture; compacting in a compactor to yield masses; crushing said masses in a crusher to yield particles; and screening said particles in a screener to yield different particles in three different sizes: oversized particles which undergo a second crushing process and are retuned to said screener for screening, undersized particles which are transferred to said mixer for further mixing, and desired size granular particles which are transferred to a polish screener. The process of claim 6, wherein said polyhalite is in a concentration of between 20-80% w/w and urea is in a concentration of between 20-
50% w/w.
PCT/IL2020/051335 2020-01-27 2020-12-28 Granules of polyhalite and urea and a compaction process for the production thereof WO2021152571A1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US17/785,999 US20230250037A1 (en) 2020-01-27 2020-12-28 Granules of polyhalite and urea and a compaction process for the production thereof
IL294086A IL294086A (en) 2020-01-27 2020-12-28 Granules of polyhalite and urea and a compaction process for the production thereof
EP20917147.9A EP4097067A4 (en) 2020-01-27 2020-12-28 Granules of polyhalite and urea and a compaction process for the production thereof

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US202062966093P 2020-01-27 2020-01-27
US62/966,093 2020-01-27

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EP (1) EP4097067A4 (en)
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WO (1) WO2021152571A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2022137010A1 (en) * 2020-12-22 2022-06-30 Sabic Global Technologies B.V. Urea for top dressing enriched with calcium, magnesium, sulfur, and potassium

Citations (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20180327328A1 (en) * 2015-11-13 2018-11-15 Sirius Minerals Plc Composite fertiliser systems
WO2018229757A1 (en) * 2017-06-15 2018-12-20 Cleveland Potash Limited Compacted polyhalite and potash mixture and a process for the production thereof

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102018007539A1 (en) * 2018-09-25 2020-03-26 K+S Aktiengesellschaft Granules based on urea and calcined polyhalite
IL288660B2 (en) * 2019-09-24 2024-02-01 ICL Europe Cooperatief UA Granules of Polyhalite and Urea

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20180327328A1 (en) * 2015-11-13 2018-11-15 Sirius Minerals Plc Composite fertiliser systems
WO2018229757A1 (en) * 2017-06-15 2018-12-20 Cleveland Potash Limited Compacted polyhalite and potash mixture and a process for the production thereof

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2022137010A1 (en) * 2020-12-22 2022-06-30 Sabic Global Technologies B.V. Urea for top dressing enriched with calcium, magnesium, sulfur, and potassium

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IL294086A (en) 2022-08-01
EP4097067A1 (en) 2022-12-07
US20230250037A1 (en) 2023-08-10
EP4097067A4 (en) 2024-01-24

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