WO2021114515A1 - 一种微粉干式磁选机 - Google Patents

一种微粉干式磁选机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021114515A1
WO2021114515A1 PCT/CN2020/082716 CN2020082716W WO2021114515A1 WO 2021114515 A1 WO2021114515 A1 WO 2021114515A1 CN 2020082716 W CN2020082716 W CN 2020082716W WO 2021114515 A1 WO2021114515 A1 WO 2021114515A1
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Prior art keywords
magnetic separator
outer drum
concentrate
air outlet
powder dry
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PCT/CN2020/082716
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English (en)
French (fr)
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何亚民
丁亚卓
徐智平
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成都利君实业股份有限公司
成都利君科技有限责任公司
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Publication of WO2021114515A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021114515A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C21/00—Disintegrating plant with or without drying of the material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
    • B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
    • B03C1/10—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with cylindrical material carriers
    • B03C1/12—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with cylindrical material carriers with magnets moving during operation; with movable pole pieces

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of mineral magnetic separation, in particular to a fine powder dry magnetic separator.
  • Drum magnetic separator is a common equipment for magnetic ore separation in the beneficiation industry.
  • the Chinese invention patent with the announcement number CN203990893U discloses a permanent magnet all-magnetic system magnetic separator, which includes a frame, a hood, a magnetic drum motor, a reducer, and the reducer through a shaft coupling.
  • the central shaft connected to the magnetic drum, the magnetic drum fixed on the central shaft, and the unloading mechanism that cooperates with the magnetic drum to remove the concentrate from the magnetic drum;
  • the magnetic drum is fixed on the iron magnetic plate by a number of magnetic blocks through screws It is formed into a drum shape and is wrapped with a stainless steel tube on the outside.
  • the formed magnetic system is a circumferential magnetic system with a magnetic wrap angle of 360°.
  • the above-mentioned drum magnetic separator has the following defects:
  • the unloading mechanism adopts scraping pressure to force the unloading, and the material is inevitably squeezed in the unloading area.
  • the pressure exerted by the unloading mechanism will pass through the material and the content.
  • the iron device acts on the outer roller, causing the outer roller to wear and even damage;
  • the forced unloading mechanism of the unloading mechanism cannot take away all the materials, and some materials remain on the surface of the outer drum. As the use time of the magnetic separator increases, they are continuously compacted and peeled, which aggravates the wear of the outer drum and reduces the efficiency of the magnetic separator. .
  • the purpose of the present invention is to: in view of the problem of external drum wear caused by forced unloading of existing drum magnetic separators, the present invention proposes a fine powder dry magnetic separator.
  • the fine powder dry magnetic separator discharges the concentrate of the outer drum. Local negative pressure is formed in the area, and the concentrate on the surface of the outer drum is sucked away by the local negative pressure to achieve the effect of automatic unloading, which can realize complete unloading and effectively improve the efficiency and service life of the magnetic separator.
  • a fine powder dry magnetic separator includes a casing, a rotatable outer drum and a rotating magnetic system are arranged in the casing, and the rotating magnetic system is arranged in the outer drum, and the casing
  • the body is provided with a tailings discharge port and a feed port, the feed port feeds materials to the outer drum, the tailings discharge port is provided with a lock valve, and the shell is also provided with an air inlet and an outlet
  • the air outlet can form a negative pressure on the working surface of the outer drum, so that the outer drum is formed with a concentrate separation zone and a concentrate negative pressure discharge zone in the circumferential direction.
  • the concentrate negative pressure The concentrate in the unloading zone is discharged from the air outlet along with the airflow.
  • the air outlet extends in the direction of the negative pressure discharge zone of the concentrate; a gap is provided between the air outlet and the outer drum, and the gap width is 0-20 mm.
  • the air outlet direction of the air outlet is inclined with respect to the horizontal plane, or the air outlet direction of the air outlet is parallel to the horizontal plane.
  • the rotating magnetic system is arranged concentrically with the outer drum.
  • the negative pressure wind speed in the negative pressure discharge zone of the concentrate is 3-25 m/s.
  • the concentrate separation zone includes at least a part of the working surface at the lower part of the outer drum, so that the tailings are separated from the concentrate adsorbed on the working surface under the action of gravity.
  • tailings discharge port is arranged below the outer drum, and the tailings selected by the concentrate sorting are discharged to the tailings discharge port.
  • the feed inlet and the air outlet act on opposite sides of the outer drum, respectively, and the lateral axis of the outer drum penetrates the concentrate negative pressure discharge zone.
  • the feed port extends into the housing, and the feed direction of the feed port is inclined downward with respect to the horizontal plane.
  • the outer drum includes an outer drum shaft driven to rotate by an outer drum power source and an outer drum body connected to the outer drum shaft; the outer drum power source and the outer drum shaft are connected by a belt mechanism, a chain mechanism, or a gear mechanism. transmission.
  • the external cylinder power source can preferably adopt a frequency conversion motor.
  • the rotating magnetic system includes an inner cylinder rotating shaft driven to rotate by an inner cylinder power source and an inner cylinder body connected to the inner cylinder rotating shaft, and a plurality of permanent magnets are provided on the outer surface of the inner cylinder.
  • the power source of the inner cylinder can preferably adopt a frequency conversion motor.
  • the polarities of the adjacent permanent magnets in the axial direction are the same, and the polarities of the permanent magnets adjacent in the circumferential direction are different.
  • the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the fine powder dry magnetic separator of the present invention forms a relatively closed inner chamber in its shell, and uses the airflow between the air inlet and the air outlet to make Negative pressure is formed on the local working surface of the outer drum.
  • the raw ore enters the concentrate separation area of the outer drum from the feed port and then throws away the tailings.
  • the separated concentrate rotates with the outer drum and enters the concentrate formed by the negative pressure on the surface of the outer drum.
  • the concentrate is carried away from the surface of the outer drum by the airflow in the negative pressure discharge area of the concentrate, and is discharged from the shell through the air outlet with the airflow.
  • the micropowder dry magnetic separator of the present invention adopts a negative pressure automatic unloading method to realize complete unloading, and is suitable for magnetic separation operations in the range of 0-3mm mineral particle size.
  • the tailings are automatically separated and discharged by gravity during the separation process, while the concentrate is automatically discharged under negative pressure.
  • the wear speed of the outer drum of the magnetic separator is greatly reduced, which improves the efficiency and service life of the magnetic separator.
  • the separated concentrate is discharged from the magnetic separator in time and quickly, which can effectively guarantee the grade of the concentrate and further improve the efficiency of beneficiation.
  • Figure 1 is a front view of the micropowder dry magnetic separator of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a left side view of the fine powder dry magnetic separator of the present invention.
  • a micropowder dry magnetic separator disclosed according to the embodiment, which includes a housing 3 provided with a feed port 301 and a tailings discharge port, and a rotatable outer drum is supported in the housing 3 4 and the rotating magnetic system 5, the rotating magnetic system 5 is arranged in the outer drum 4, and the two can rotate relative to each other;
  • the housing 3 is provided with an air inlet 302 and an air outlet 303, and the air outlet 303 extends into the housing 3 and is formed by the air inlet 302 introduces airflow into the shell 3, and the air outlet 303 forms a negative pressure on the local working surface of the outer drum 4, so that the outer drum 4 has a concentrate separation zone and a concentrate negative pressure discharge zone H in the circumferential direction.
  • a lock air valve 2 is provided at the tailings discharge port.
  • the concentrate negative pressure discharge zone H utilizes the negative pressure formed by the airflow on the local working surface of the outer drum 4 to discharge the concentrate.
  • the pressure difference in the concentrate negative pressure discharge zone H enables the concentrate to overcome the magnetic force and gravity, leave the surface of the outer drum 4 and exit the shell 3 through the air outlet 303 through the air outlet 303, complete Concentrate discharge.
  • the rotating magnetic system 5 and the outer drum 4 may adopt a concentric arrangement or an eccentric arrangement.
  • a preferred embodiment is that the rotating magnetic system 5 and the outer drum 4 are arranged concentrically, which can improve the energy efficiency of the magnetic separator.
  • the housing 3 is an external support of the magnetic separator to prevent dust from spreading.
  • a frame 1 can be installed under the shell 3 to raise the height of the main body of the shell 3 and reserve sufficient space for unloading.
  • the housing 3 is provided with a feeding port 301, the feeding port 301 is used to feed the outer drum 4, and the feeding port 301 may be provided at the top of the housing 3 or the side of the housing 3. Since the outer drum 4 matches the feeding position of the inlet 301 to define the starting end of the concentrate separation area, in order to enlarge the concentrate separation area of the outer drum 4 and improve the efficiency of mineral processing, the inlet 301 is preferably arranged in the shell 3. top.
  • the feed port 301 extends into the housing 3, and the feed direction of the feed port 301 is inclined downward with respect to the horizontal plane to avoid vertical impact.
  • the feeding direction of the feeding port 301 is inclined feeding to the lower left.
  • the concentrate separation area includes at least part of the working surface under the outer drum 4; the tailings discharge port is preferably arranged on the shell 3 under the outer drum 4, and is located at the bottom of the shell 3. Further, in order to facilitate the collection and discharge of tailings, the bottom of the shell 3 is provided with a tailings receiving hopper 304, and the tailings discharge port is located at the reduced diameter end of the tailings receiving hopper 304.
  • the air inlet 302 is separated from the material inlet 301.
  • the air inlet 302 and the material inlet 301 act on the left and right sides of the outer drum 4 respectively.
  • the air outlet 303 and the material inlet 301 act on the left and right sides of the outer drum 4, respectively, and the air inlet 302 and the air outlet 303 are located on the same side; preferably, the air outlet 303 is located on the outer drum 4 away from the material inlet
  • One side middle or middle upper part of 301 makes the lateral axis of the outer drum 4 penetrate through the concentrate negative pressure discharge zone H, and the air inlet 302 is located directly above the concentrate negative pressure discharge zone H.
  • the air outlet 303 defines the negative pressure unloading zone H of the concentrate of the outer drum 4 and the end of the concentrate separation zone, and the action position of the feed inlet 301 defines the start end of the concentrate separation zone of the outer drum 4.
  • the air inlet 302, outlet The tuyere 303 and the feed port 301 act on the left and right sides of the outer drum 4, respectively, so that the airflow action area between the air inlet 302 and the air outlet 303 can be separated from the concentrate separation area, and the airflow cannot interfere with the mineral separation; at the same time,
  • the relative position arrangement of the air outlet 303 and the air inlet 302 can shorten the air flow path and improve the efficiency of negative pressure unloading.
  • the air outlet 303 of the shell 3 extends into the shell 3 in a direction pointing to the negative pressure discharge zone H of the concentrate. Under the same wind force, the closer the air outlet 303 is to the concentrate negative pressure discharge area H of the outer drum 4, the greater the negative pressure value of the concentrate negative pressure discharge area H.
  • a gap is provided between the air outlet 303 and the surface of the outer drum 4. In order to ensure smooth feeding and unloading and taking into account energy efficiency issues, the width of the gap is set to 0-20 mm, preferably 6-12 mm.
  • the air outlet direction of the air outlet 303 may be inclined downward, inclined upward, or horizontal relative to the horizontal plane. Since the tailings or tailings dust deposited near the tailings discharge port may be raised by the airflow, which affects the grade of the concentrate and the efficiency of beneficiation, the air outlet direction of the air outlet 303 is preferably inclined downward with respect to the horizontal plane. Reduce air disturbance to the tailings discharge port and concentrate separation area.
  • the negative pressure wind speed in the negative pressure discharge zone H of the concentrate will affect the efficiency of mineral separation. If the negative pressure wind speed is too low, the concentrate cannot be separated from the outer drum 4 working surface. If the negative pressure wind speed is too high, the concentrate separation area may be affected. The airflow affects the normal beneficiation.
  • the negative pressure wind speed in the negative pressure discharge zone H of the concentrate is 3-25 m/s, preferably 10-18 m/s.
  • the rotating magnetic system 5 includes an inner cylinder body 502, an inner cylinder shaft 501, and an inner cylinder power source 503.
  • the inner cylinder body 502 is arranged on the inner cylinder shaft 501 and rotates with the outer cylinder shaft 401, and the outer cylinder power source 403 drives The outer cylinder shaft 401 is driven to rotate by a transmission mechanism; a number of permanent magnets 504 are provided on the outer surface of the inner cylinder body 502.
  • the inner cylinder power source 503 is a frequency conversion motor, which can be connected to the inner cylinder shaft 501 through a coupling.
  • the frequency conversion motor can realize the forward rotation, reverse rotation and stepless speed regulation of the rotating magnetic system 5.
  • the rotating magnetic system 5 forms an alternating magnetic field on the working surface of the relatively rotating outer drum 4.
  • the adjacent permanent magnets 504 in the axial direction have the same polarity, and the adjacent permanent magnets 504 in the circumferential direction have different polarities.
  • the outer drum 4 includes an outer cylinder body 402, an outer cylinder shaft 401 and an outer cylinder power source 403.
  • the outer cylinder body 402 is arranged on the outer cylinder shaft 401 and rotates with the outer cylinder shaft 401, and the outer cylinder power source 403 is driven by the transmission
  • the mechanism drives the outer cylinder shaft 401 to rotate.
  • the transmission mechanism between the outer cylinder power source 403 and the outer cylinder shaft 401 can be a belt mechanism, a chain mechanism and a gear mechanism transmission;
  • the outer cylinder power source 403 is a variable frequency motor, which can realize the outer drum 4 positive Rotation, reversal and stepless speed regulation.
  • the outer cylinder rotating shaft 401 is a hollow shaft, so that both ends of the inner cylinder rotating shaft 501 of the rotating magnetic system 5 can extend from the outer cylinder rotating shaft 401 and be supported on the housing 3.

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Abstract

一种微粉干式磁选机，涉及矿物磁选技术领域，包括壳体（3），壳体（3）内设有可转动的外滚筒（4）及旋转磁系（5），旋转磁系（5）布置在外滚筒（4）内，壳体（3）上设置有尾矿卸料口以及进料口（301），进料口（301）向外滚筒（4）送料，尾矿卸料口处设置有锁风阀（2），壳体上还设置有进风口（302）以及出风口（303），出风口（303）在外滚筒（4）的工作面上可形成负压，使外滚筒（4）在圆周方向上形成有精矿分选区和精矿负压卸料区（H），精矿负压卸料区内（H）的精矿随气流排出出风口（303），磁选机利用局部负压将外滚筒（4）表面的精矿吸走以达到自动卸矿的效果，可实现完全卸料，有效提高磁选机的选矿效率和使用寿命。

Description

一种微粉干式磁选机 技术领域
本发明涉及矿物磁选技术领域，特别是一种微粉干式磁选机。
背景技术
在磁场作用下，磁性矿物颗粒会发生磁聚而形成“磁团”或“磁链”，“磁团”或“磁链”受磁力作用，向磁极运动。滚筒磁选机是选矿行业中磁性矿石分选的常用设备。
公告号为CN203990893U的中国发明专利公开了一种永磁全磁系磁选机，该永磁全磁系磁选机包括机架，机罩，磁滚筒电机，减速机，与减速机通过联轴器连接的中心轴，固定在中心轴上的磁滚筒，以及与磁滚筒配合、将精矿从磁滚筒上卸下的卸矿机构；磁滚筒由若干磁块通过螺丝固定于铁导磁板上形成滚筒形，并在外部用不锈钢筒皮包裹而成，所形成的磁系为圆周磁系，磁包角为360°。上述滚筒磁选机存在以下缺陷：
1、卸矿机构采用刮压的方式强制卸料，物料不可避免的在卸料区域内被挤压，当物料中存在大颗粒或含铁器件时，卸矿机构施加的压力会通过物料和含铁器件作用到外滚筒上，造成外滚筒磨损甚至损坏；
2、卸矿机构强制卸料无法带走全部的物料，部分物料留存在外滚筒表面，随着磁选机使用时间的增加而不断压实、剥离，加剧外滚筒磨损，且降低磁选机选矿效率。
发明内容
本发明的发明目的在于：针对现有滚筒磁选机强制卸料导致外滚筒磨损的问题，本发明提出一种微粉干式磁选机，该微粉干式磁选机在外滚筒的精矿卸 料区域内形成局部负压，利用局部负压将外滚筒表面的精矿吸走以达到自动卸矿的效果，可实现完全卸料，有效提高磁选机的选矿效率和使用寿命。
本发明采用的技术方案如下：
根据本发明公开的一种微粉干式磁选机，包括壳体，所述壳体内设有可转动的外滚筒及旋转磁系，所述旋转磁系布置在所述外滚筒内，所述壳体上设置有尾矿卸料口以及进料口，所述进料口向外滚筒送料，所述尾矿卸料口处设置有锁风阀，所述壳体上还设置有进风口以及出风口，所述出风口在所述外滚筒的工作面上可形成负压，使所述外滚筒在圆周方向上形成有精矿分选区和精矿负压卸料区，所述精矿负压卸料区内的精矿随气流排出出风口。
进一步的，所述出风口沿指向精矿负压卸料区的方向向壳体内延伸；所述出风口与所述外滚筒之间设置有间隙，所述间隙宽度为0-20mm。
进一步的，所述出风口的出风方向相对于水平面倾斜，或所述出风口的出风方向与水平面平行。
进一步的，所述旋转磁系与所述外滚筒同心布置。
进一步的，所述精矿负压卸料区的负压风速为3-25m/s。
进一步的，在横截面上，所述精矿分选区至少包括所述外滚筒下部的部分工作面，使尾矿在重力作用下与吸附在工作面上的精矿分离。
进一步的，所述尾矿卸料口设置在所述外滚筒下方，所述精矿分选区分选的尾矿卸料至所述尾矿卸料口。
进一步的，在横截面上，所述进料口和出风口分别作用于所述外滚筒相对的两侧，所述外滚筒横向轴线贯穿所述精矿负压卸料区。
进一步的，所述进料口向壳体内延伸，且所述进料口的进料方向相对于水平面倾斜向下。
进一步的，所述外滚筒包括由外筒动力源驱动旋转的外筒转轴以及连接外筒转轴的外筒体；所述外筒动力源与外筒转轴之间通过皮带机构或链条机构或齿轮机构传动。其中，外筒动力源可优选的采用变频电机。
进一步的，所述旋转磁系包括由内筒动力源驱动旋转的内筒转轴以及连接内筒转轴的内筒体，所述内筒体外表面设置有若干永磁体。其中，内筒动力源可优选的采用变频电机。
进一步的，轴向方向上相邻的所述永磁体极性相同，圆周方向上相邻的所述永磁体极性相异。
综上所述，由于采用了上述技术方案，本发明的有益效果是：本发明的微粉干式磁选机在其壳体内形成相对封闭的内室，利用进风口与出风口之间的气流使外滚筒的局部工作面上形成负压，原矿由进料口进入外滚筒的精矿分选区后抛除尾矿，分选出的精矿随外滚筒旋转进入由负压在外滚筒表面形成的精矿负压卸料区，精矿在精矿负压卸料区被气流带离外滚筒表面，并随气流由出风口排出壳体。本发明的微粉干式磁选机采用负压自动卸料的方式可以实现完全卸料，可适用于矿物粒度0-3mm范围内的磁选作业。尾矿在分选过程中受重力作用自动分离卸料，而精矿采用负压自动卸料，磁选机的外滚筒磨损速度大幅降低，提高了磁选机选矿效率和使用寿命。而且分选出的精矿被及时快速的排出磁选机，可以有效保障精矿品位，进一步提高选矿效率。
附图说明
图1是本发明微粉干式磁选机的正视图；
图2是本发明微粉干式磁选机的左视图；
图中标记：1-机架；2-锁风阀；3-壳体；301-进料口；302-进风口；303- 出风口；304-尾矿接料斗；4-外滚筒；401-外筒转轴；402-外筒体；403-外筒动力源；5-旋转磁系；501-内筒转轴；502-内筒体；503-内筒动力源；504-永磁体；H-精矿负压卸料区。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图，对本发明作详细的说明。
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
参照图1-2说明根据实施例公开的一种微粉干式磁选机，其包括设置有进料口301和尾矿卸料口的壳体3，壳体3内支承有可转动的外滚筒4和旋转磁系5，旋转磁系5布置在外滚筒4内，且两者可相对转动；壳体3上设置进风口302和出风口303，出风口303向壳体3内延伸，由进风口302向壳体3内通入气流，出风口303在外滚筒4的局部工作面上形成负压，从而使外滚筒4在圆周方向上具有精矿分选区和精矿负压卸料区H。为使壳体3内气体、固体的相对稳定，防止正在沉降的尾矿被吸走，同时实现尾矿的气固分离，因此尾矿卸料口处设置有锁风阀2。具体地说，精矿负压卸料区H利用气流在外滚筒4局部工作面上形成的负压进行精矿的卸料。随着外滚筒4的转动，进入精矿分选区的原矿连续进行精矿和尾矿的分离，以及尾矿卸料，精矿与尾矿分离后吸附在外滚筒4表面；精矿由精矿分选区进入精矿负压卸料区H后，精矿负压卸料区H的压力差使精矿能够克服磁力及重力，脱离外滚筒4表面沿气流流动方向通过出风口303排出壳体3，完成精矿卸料。
可选的，在确保外滚筒4工作面磁场强度满足选矿要求的情况下，旋转磁 系5与外滚筒4可采用同心布置或偏心布置的结构。较优的实施方式为旋转磁系5与外滚筒4同心布置，该布置方式可提高磁选机能效。
可选的，壳体3为磁选机的外部支撑，用于防止粉尘扩散。为提高壳体3的机械稳定性以及提供充足的卸料空间，壳体3下方可安装机架1，抬升壳体3主体的高度并为卸料预留充足的空间。壳体3上设置有进料口301，进料口301用于为外滚筒4送料，进料口301可以设置在壳体3的顶部或壳体3侧部。由于外滚筒4配合进料口301进料的位置限定了精矿分选区的起始端，为增大外滚筒4的精矿分选区，提高选矿效率，进料口301优选的设置在壳体3顶部。为减少原矿对外滚筒4的撞击磨损，优选的，进料口301向壳体3内延伸，且进料口301的进料方向相对于水平面倾斜向下，避免垂直撞击，且倾斜进料使原矿下落至外滚筒4工作面时具有跟随外滚筒4运动的初速度。如图1所示，进料口301的进料方向为向左下方倾斜进料。
可选的，由于不受磁力作用，原矿中的尾矿接触外滚筒4后，或直接下落卸料，或随外滚筒4旋转方向运动一段路径后下落卸料，精矿受磁力作用吸附在外滚筒4表面，因此，精矿分选区至少包括外滚筒4下部的部分工作面；尾矿卸料口优选的设置在外滚筒4下方的壳体3上，位于壳体3底部。进一步的，为方便尾矿聚集卸料，壳体3底部设置为尾矿接料斗304，尾矿卸料口位于尾矿接料斗304的缩径端。
可选的，为避免进风口302和出风口303之间形成的气流对进料及选矿造成干扰，进风口302与进料口301分隔开。在横截面上，如图1所示，进风口302与进料口301分别作用于外滚筒4左右两侧。出于相同的目的，出风口303与进料口301分别作用于外滚筒4左右两侧，且进风口302与出风口303位于同侧；优选的，出风口303位于外滚筒4远离进料口301的一侧中部或中上部， 使外滚筒4的横向轴线贯穿精矿负压卸料区H，进风口302位于精矿负压卸料区H正上方。出风口303限定外滚筒4的精矿负压卸料区H以及精矿分选区的末端，进料口301作用位置限定外滚筒4的精矿分选区的起始端，因此，进风口302、出风口303与进料口301分别作用于外滚筒4左右两侧，可使进风口302与出风口303之间的气流作用区域与精矿分选区分隔开，气流无法干扰矿物分选；同时，出风口303与进风口302的相对位置布置可使气流作用路径缩短，提高负压卸料的效率。
可选的，为提高能效，壳体3的出风口303沿指向精矿负压卸料区H的方向向壳体3内延伸。相同的风力作用下，出风口303越靠近外滚筒4的精矿负压卸料区H，精矿负压卸料区H的负压值越大。出风口303与外滚筒4表面之间设置有间隙，为保障流畅进料卸料，并兼顾能效问题，上述间隙宽度设置为0-20mm，优选为6-12mm。
可选的，出风口303的出风方向可相对于水平面倾斜向下、倾斜向上或水平。由于沉聚在尾矿卸料口附近的尾矿或尾矿粉尘可能受气流影响而扬起，影响精矿品位和选矿效率，因此出风口303的出风方向优选为相对于水平面倾斜向下，减少对尾矿卸料口及精矿分选区气流的扰动。
可选的，精矿负压卸料区H的负压风速影响选矿效率，负压风速过低则无法使精矿脱离外滚筒4工作面，负压风速过高则可能使精矿分选区受气流影响无法正常选矿。本实施例中，精矿负压卸料区H的负压风速为3-25m/s，优选为10-18m/s。
可选的，旋转磁系5包括内筒体502、内筒转轴501和内筒动力源503，内筒体502设置在内筒转轴501上并随外筒转轴401转动，外筒动力源403驱动通过传动机构带动外筒转轴401转动；内筒体502外表面设置有若干永磁体 504。其中，内筒动力源503为变频电机，其可以通过联轴器与内筒转轴501连接，变频电机可以实现旋转磁系5正转、反转和无极调速。
可选的，旋转磁系5在相对转动的外滚筒4的工作面上形成交变磁场。具体的说，内筒体502外表面的若干永磁体504中，轴向方向上相邻的永磁体504极性相同，圆周方向上相邻的永磁体504极性相异。
可选的，外滚筒4包括外筒体402，外筒转轴401和外筒动力源403，外筒体402设置在外筒转轴401上并随外筒转轴401转动，外筒动力源403驱动通过传动机构带动外筒转轴401转动。其中，外筒动力源403与外筒转轴401之间的传动机构可以是皮带机构、链条机构和齿轮机构传动中的一种；外筒动力源403为变频电机，变频电机可以实现外滚筒4正转、反转和无极调速。进一步的，外筒转轴401为空心轴，使得旋转磁系5的内筒转轴501两端可以延伸出外筒转轴401并支承在壳体3上。
本说明书中各个实施例采用递进的方式描述，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处，各个实施例之间相同相似部分互相参见即可。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种微粉干式磁选机，包括壳体(3)，所述壳体(3)内设有可转动的外滚筒(4)及旋转磁系(5)，所述旋转磁系(5)布置在所述外滚筒(4)内，所述壳体(3)上设置有尾矿卸料口以及进料口(301)，所述进料口向外滚筒(4)送料，其特征在于:所述尾矿卸料口处设置有锁风阀(2)，所述壳体(3)上还设置有进风口(302)以及出风口(303)，所述出风口(303)在所述外滚筒(4)的工作面上可形成负压，使所述外滚筒(4)在圆周方向上形成有精矿分选区和精矿负压卸料区(H)，所述精矿负压卸料区(H)内的精矿随气流排出出风口(303)。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的微粉干式磁选机，其特征在于，所述出风口(303)沿指向精矿负压卸料区(H)的方向向壳体(3)内延伸；所述出风口(303)与所述外滚筒(4)之间设置有间隙，所述间隙宽度为0-20mm。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的微粉干式磁选机，其特征在于，所述出风口(303)的出风方向相对于水平面倾斜，或所述出风口(303)的出风方向与水平面平行。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的微粉干式磁选机，其特征在于，所述旋转磁系(5)与所述外滚筒(4)同心布置。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的微粉干式磁选机，其特征在于，所述精矿负压卸料区(H)的负压风速为3-25m/s。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的微粉干式磁选机，其特征在于，在横截面上，所述精矿分选区至少包括所述外滚筒(4)下部的部分工作面，使尾矿在重力作用下与吸附在工作面上的精矿分离。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的微粉干式磁选机，其特征在于，所述尾矿卸料口设置在所述外滚筒(4)下方，所述精矿分选区分选的尾矿卸料至所述尾矿卸料口。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的微粉干式磁选机，其特征在于，在横截面上，所述进料口(301)和出风口(303)分别作用于所述外滚筒(4)相对的两侧，所述外滚 筒(4)横向轴线贯穿所述精矿负压卸料区(H)。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的微粉干式磁选机，其特征在于，所述进料口(301)向壳体(3)内延伸，且所述进料口(301)的进料方向相对于水平面倾斜向下。
  10. 如权利要求1至9任一权利要求所述的微粉干式磁选机，其特征在于，所述外滚筒(4)包括由外筒动力源(403)驱动旋转的外筒转轴(401)以及连接外筒转轴(401)的外筒体(402)；所述外筒动力源(403)与外筒转轴(401)之间通过皮带机构或链条机构或齿轮机构传动。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的微粉干式磁选机，其特征在于，所述外筒动力源(403)为变频电机。
  12. 如权利要求1至9任一权利要求所述的微粉干式磁选机，其特征在于，所述旋转磁系(5)包括由内筒动力源(503)驱动旋转的内筒转轴(501)以及连接内筒转轴(501)的内筒体(502)，所述内筒体(502)外表面设置有若干永磁体(504)。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的微粉干式磁选机，其特征在于，轴向方向上相邻的所述永磁体(504)极性相同，圆周方向上相邻的所述永磁体(504)极性相异。
  14. 如权利要求12所述的微粉干式磁选机，其特征在于，所述内筒动力源(503)为变频电机。
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CN119456195A (zh) * 2025-01-14 2025-02-18 包头市星光磁性矿山设备有限公司 上下双滚筒永磁干式磁选机

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