WO2021114403A1 - 应对虚拟光网络流量波动成本最小化频谱交易方法及系统 - Google Patents

应对虚拟光网络流量波动成本最小化频谱交易方法及系统 Download PDF

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WO2021114403A1
WO2021114403A1 PCT/CN2019/128307 CN2019128307W WO2021114403A1 WO 2021114403 A1 WO2021114403 A1 WO 2021114403A1 CN 2019128307 W CN2019128307 W CN 2019128307W WO 2021114403 A1 WO2021114403 A1 WO 2021114403A1
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optical network
spectrum
virtual
virtual optical
cost
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French (fr)
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沈纲祥
丁世峰
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Suzhou University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/08—Configuration management of networks or network elements
    • H04L41/0896—Bandwidth or capacity management, i.e. automatically increasing or decreasing capacities
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0062—Network aspects
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0062—Network aspects
    • H04Q2011/0086—Network resource allocation, dimensioning or optimisation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of network virtualization, in particular to a spectrum trading method and system for minimizing the cost of virtual optical network traffic fluctuations.
  • Network virtualization divides the physical optical network into multiple independent virtual optical networks.
  • the virtual optical network obtains spectrum resources by being embedded in the physical optical network to serve different users.
  • network virtualization technology enables network operators to provide users with virtualized network services that meet the requirements of 5G communication scenarios.
  • network operators In order to achieve efficient virtualized network service management, network operators usually reach service agreements related to resource allocation with virtual optical network users. Normally, according to the service agreement, the network operator will allocate a quantitative spectrum resource to each virtual optical network. However, this allocation method may cause serious service quality loss and spectrum resource waste in scenarios with severe traffic fluctuations (for example, tidal traffic).
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the problem of high cost due to service quality loss and spectrum resource waste in the prior art, so as to provide a response to avoid service quality loss and spectrum resource waste and effectively reduce costs.
  • a virtual optical network traffic fluctuation cost minimization spectrum trading method and system is to overcome the problem of high cost due to service quality loss and spectrum resource waste in the prior art, so as to provide a response to avoid service quality loss and spectrum resource waste and effectively reduce costs.
  • a method of the present invention for coping with virtual optical network traffic fluctuations and minimizing the cost of spectrum trading combines multiple virtual optical network users into a virtual optical network community, and the virtual optical network community adopts cost-minimizing spectrum trading
  • the mechanism reduces the spectrum resources purchased from network operators, including: deploying their service traffic with the spectrum initially purchased by each virtual optical network user. After the deployment is completed, all virtual links are sorted in descending order according to the size of undeployed service traffic.
  • the following virtual link set is denoted as L; the virtual link l with the largest deployment service traffic is taken out of the set L, and it is judged whether the credit value of the virtual optical network user to which the virtual link l belongs is higher than the preset credit threshold; if so, proceed Free spectrum trading; if not, purchase additional spectrum.
  • the additional spectrum resources are purchased from the network operator.
  • the virtual link 1 is deleted from the set L, and it is determined whether the set L is empty, and if so, the cost minimization spectrum is ended. Transaction process; if not, return to the step S2.
  • the spectrum resources provided by the network operator to the virtual optical network users cannot be repeatedly allocated.
  • the spectrum resource purchased from the network operator is less than the spectrum resource purchased directly from the network operator.
  • the bandwidth requirements of all virtual optical network users in the virtual optical network community in different time slots are all satisfied.
  • the service period of the virtual optical network is the same and is equally divided into multiple time slots.
  • the spectrum resources used by virtual links passing through the same physical link do not overlap.
  • the frequency spectrum transaction system of the present invention to minimize the cost of virtual optical network traffic fluctuations combines multiple virtual optical network users into a virtual optical network community, and the virtual optical network community adopts a cost-minimizing spectrum transaction mechanism to reduce purchases from network operators.
  • Spectrum resources include: deployment sequencing module; used to deploy service traffic based on the spectrum initially purchased by each virtual optical network user. After deployment, all virtual links are sorted in descending order according to the size of undeployed service traffic.
  • the set of virtual links is denoted as L; judgment module; used to take out the virtual link l with the largest deployment service flow from the set L, and judge whether the credit value of the virtual optical network user to which the virtual link l belongs is higher than the preset credit threshold; if yes , Then proceed with free spectrum trading; if not, proceed with additional spectrum purchase.
  • multiple virtual optical network users are combined into a virtual optical network community, and the virtual optical network community adopts a cost-minimizing spectrum transaction mechanism to reduce transmission to the network.
  • the spectrum resources purchased by operators can effectively reduce the total spectrum resources purchased by virtual optical network users while ensuring the successful deployment of all services; and allow the virtual optical network users to perform idle spectrum transactions before operating to the network
  • the operator purchases as little spectrum resources as possible, which reduces the amount of spectrum resources purchased directly from network operators to the greatest extent, which not only ensures the successful deployment of all services, but also effectively reduces costs.
  • Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a spectrum trading method for minimizing the cost of virtual optical network traffic fluctuations according to the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is an explanatory diagram of an embodiment of spectrum trading with minimizing cost of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is the simulation result of the present invention in the n4s6 network
  • Figure 4 is the simulation result of the present invention in the NSFNET network
  • Fig. 5 is the spectrum resource additionally purchased by each virtual network user in the NSFNET network according to the present invention.
  • this embodiment provides a spectrum trading method to minimize the cost of virtual optical network traffic fluctuations, combining multiple virtual optical network users into a virtual optical network community, and the virtual optical network community adopts a cost-minimizing spectrum
  • the transaction mechanism reduces the spectrum resources purchased from the network operator; it includes the following steps: Step S1: Deploy the service traffic with the spectrum initially purchased by each virtual optical network user, and after the deployment is completed, all virtual links are adjusted to the size of the undeployed service traffic Arrange in descending order, and denote the sorted virtual link set as L; Step S2: Take out the virtual link l with the largest deployment service flow from the set L, and judge whether the credit value of the virtual optical network user to which the virtual link l belongs is higher than Preset the credit threshold; if yes, proceed with free spectrum trading; if not, proceed with additional spectrum purchase.
  • the method for minimizing the cost of spectrum trading in response to virtual optical network traffic fluctuations described in this embodiment combines multiple virtual optical network users into a virtual optical network community, and the virtual optical network community adopts a cost-minimizing spectrum transaction mechanism to reduce the cost to network operators.
  • the purchased spectrum resources can effectively reduce the total spectrum resources purchased by virtual optical network users while ensuring the successful deployment of all services; specifically including the following steps: In step S1, the initial purchase by each virtual optical network user The service traffic of spectrum deployment.
  • step S2 take the virtual link 1 with the largest deployed business traffic from the set L, and determine whether the credit value of the virtual optical network user to which the virtual link 1 belongs is higher than the preset credit threshold; if so, Then perform free spectrum transactions; if not, perform additional spectrum purchases, thereby allowing the virtual optical network users to perform free spectrum transactions before purchasing additional spectrum resources from the network operator as little as possible, which reduces direct payment to the greatest extent.
  • the amount of spectrum resources purchased by network operators not only ensures the successful deployment of all services, but also effectively reduces costs.
  • the credit value of the virtual optical network users is required A credit threshold is set, and only virtual optical network users with a credit value higher than the credit threshold can obtain spectrum resources from the virtual optical network community through idle spectrum transactions.
  • the credit value of the virtual optical network user is lower than the credit threshold, the user cannot obtain spectrum resources from the virtual optical network community. Only after providing spectrum resources to the virtual optical network community to make the credit value higher than the credit threshold, the user can obtain spectrum resources from the virtual optical network community again.
  • the traffic demand of some virtual optical network users is still not met, it means that the existing spectrum resources in the virtual optical network community are not enough to carry all user traffic.
  • the virtual optical network community purchases additional spectrum resources from the network operator to ensure that the traffic demand of all virtual optical networks can be met.
  • each virtual optical network user deploys its service traffic with the spectrum initially purchased by each virtual optical network user.
  • each virtual network is established, it is based on a fixed amount of spectrum purchased from the network operator (for example, the average service can be estimated based on historical service traffic).
  • Traffic that is, the spectrum resources initially purchased.
  • the virtual optical network users will preferentially use this part of the resources.
  • all virtual links are sorted in descending order according to the size of the undeployed service traffic, and the sorted virtual links
  • the set is denoted as L; the virtual link l with the largest deployment service traffic is taken from the set L, which is beneficial to use a certain amount of spectrum resources and deploy as much service traffic as possible.
  • the virtual link 1 is deleted from the set L, and it is determined whether the set L is empty, and if so, the cost minimization spectrum transaction process is ended; if not, return to the The step S2 starts the loop.
  • the spectrum resources provided by the network operator to the virtual optical network users cannot be repeatedly allocated, and the spectrum resources used by virtual links passing through the same physical link do not overlap, so as to ensure accurate transmission of information .
  • the spectrum resource purchased from the network operator is less than the spectrum resource purchased directly from the network operator, which can not only guarantee the successful deployment of all services Effectively reduce the total spectrum resources purchased by virtual optical network users and minimize costs. All the bandwidth requirements of all virtual optical network users in the virtual optical network community in different time slots are satisfied, which is beneficial to effectively reducing the total spectrum resources purchased by virtual optical network users under the condition that all services are successfully deployed.
  • multiple virtual optical network users are combined into a virtual optical network community, and the virtual optical network community cooperates to purchase additional spectrum resources from the network operator to satisfy community members All traffic requirements.
  • the cost minimization spectrum trading mechanism consists of two stages: free spectrum trading and additional spectrum purchase.
  • the idle spectrum trading stage users in the virtual optical network community conduct idle spectrum trading according to real-time traffic demand. Users with unused spectrum resources can trade this part of spectrum resources to users with insufficient spectrum resources, and at the same time obtain an equivalent credit value.
  • users with insufficient spectrum resources can consume their credits to obtain equivalent free spectrum resources.
  • the credit value of the virtual optical network user is lower than the credit threshold, the user cannot obtain spectrum resources from the community. Only after providing spectrum resources to the community to make the credit value higher than the credit threshold can the user The spectrum resources can be obtained from the community again.
  • the traffic demand of some virtual optical network users is still not met, it means that the existing spectrum resources in the virtual optical network community are not enough to carry all user traffic.
  • the virtual optical network community purchases additional spectrum resources from the network operator to ensure that the traffic demand of all virtual optical networks can be met.
  • the network operator manages the underlying physical network and provides virtualized network resources for each virtual optical network user.
  • the service period of the virtual optical network is the same and is equally divided into multiple time slots, thereby facilitating static simulation and simplifying verification. It is assumed that there are three users in the virtual optical network community, each managing a virtual optical network purchased from the network operator.
  • the spectrum resources purchased by virtual optical network user 1, virtual optical network user 2, virtual optical network user 3 from the network operator in advance are 2, 2, and 3 frequency slots, respectively.
  • the bandwidth requirements (denoted as R) are 3, 4, and 2 frequency slots, respectively.
  • the virtual optical network user 3 trades 1 free frequency slot to the virtual optical network user 2 and obtains a unit of credit value.
  • both the virtual optical network user 1 and the virtual optical network user 2 still need one frequency slot to meet the bandwidth demand, so they enter the additional spectrum purchase phase.
  • the virtual network optical network community Additional spectrum resources can be purchased from the network operator to carry service traffic that has not been carried by each virtual optical network.
  • the smallest credit value means that the virtual optical network user 1 obtains the most free spectrum resources from the community, and therefore needs to purchase additional spectrum resources for the community.
  • the virtual optical network user 1 trades 1 frequency slot from the newly purchased spectrum resources to the virtual optical network user 2 and obtains 1 unit of credit value. In this way, the bandwidth requirements of all virtual optical networks have been met.
  • this paper conducted simulations in a 4-node, 6-link n4s6 network and a 14-node, 21-link NSFNET network.
  • different modulation formats BPSK, QPSK and 8-QAM respectively
  • the transmission distance and data transmission rate of different modulation formats are shown in Table 1.
  • each virtual optical network has 2 to 3 virtual nodes, and all virtual nodes are connected in pairs by virtual links.
  • the service period of each virtual optical network is the same and is equally divided into 2 time slots.
  • the average service flow on each virtual link is selected from X ⁇ 150,225,300,375 ⁇ Gb/s, and the bandwidth requirements of different time slots are randomly generated within [10,2X-10]Gb/s.
  • NSFNET network we assume that there are 50 virtual optical networks.
  • the number of virtual nodes in each virtual optical network is randomly generated in N ⁇ [2,5]. All virtual nodes are connected in pairs by virtual links.
  • the service period of each virtual optical network is the same and is equally divided into 4 time slots.
  • the average service flow on each virtual link is selected from X ⁇ 100,150,...,400 ⁇ Gb/s, and the bandwidth requirements of different time slots are randomly generated within [10,2X-10]Gb/s.
  • FIG 5 shows the spectrum resources purchased by each virtual optical network user under the cost-minimizing spectrum transaction mechanism when the average business volume of the virtual link is 250Gb/s. It can be seen from the above that, by adopting a cost-minimizing spectrum transaction mechanism, many virtual optical network users do not even need to purchase additional spectrum resources, and their real-time bandwidth requirements can be met through their initial purchase of spectrum resources.
  • the present invention adopts the sub-band virtual concatenation technology, and multiple sub-bands can be used to form an optical path to provide bandwidth resources for the virtual link.
  • the spectrum resource (including multiple sub-bands) purchased by the virtual optical network from the network operator is expressed as B (v, k, i, s, e), where v represents the virtual optical network, k represents the virtual link, and i represents the frequency of the sub-band Index, s represents the index of the starting frequency slot in the sub-band, and e represents the index of the ending frequency slot in the sub-band.
  • the objective of the optimization problem related to the cost minimization spectrum trading mechanism is to ensure that the service traffic of the virtual optical network is fully carried, and to minimize the additional spectrum resources that the virtual optical network user can buy from the network operator.
  • this embodiment provides a spectrum trading system that minimizes the cost of virtual optical network traffic fluctuations.
  • the principle of solving the problem is similar to the described method of spectrum trading that minimizes the cost of virtual optical network traffic fluctuations. No longer.
  • the spectrum trading system for dealing with virtual optical network traffic fluctuations described in this embodiment combines multiple virtual optical network users into a virtual optical network community.
  • the virtual optical network community adopts a cost-minimizing spectrum transaction mechanism to reduce purchases from network operators.
  • Spectrum resources including:
  • Deployment sorting module used to deploy service traffic based on the spectrum initially purchased by each virtual optical network user. After deployment, all virtual links are arranged in descending order according to the size of undeployed service traffic, and the sorted virtual link set is represented Is L;
  • Judgment module used to take out the virtual link l with the largest deployment service flow from the set L, and determine whether the credit value of the virtual optical network user to which the virtual link l belongs is higher than the preset credit threshold; if so, perform free spectrum trading; No, purchase additional spectrum.

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种应对虚拟光网络流量波动成本最小化频谱交易方法及系统,将多个虚拟光网络用户组合成虚拟光网络社区，所述虚拟光网络社区采用成本最小化频谱交易机制减少向网络运营商购买的频谱资源，包括以各个虚拟光网络用户初始购买的频谱部署其业务流量，部署完成后，将所有虚拟链路按照未部署业务流量的大小进行降序排列，将排序后的虚拟链路集合表示为L；从集合L中取出部署业务流量最大的虚拟链路l，判断虚拟链路l所属虚拟光网络用户的信用值是否高于预设信用阈值；若是，则进行空闲频谱交易；如否，进行额外频谱购买。本发明避免了资源浪费，而且有效降低了成本。

Description

应对虚拟光网络流量波动成本最小化频谱交易方法及系统 技术领域
本发明涉及网络虚拟化的技术领域，尤其是指一种应对虚拟光网络流量波动成本最小化频谱交易方法及系统。
背景技术
随着互联网技术及各种智能设备制造技术的快速发展，用户对互联网流量的需求量呈现指数级增长。光传输网络作为承载用户流量的骨干网，面临着巨大的压力。提高光网络资源利用率俨然可缓解用户流量需求压力，网络虚拟化技术应运而生。
网络虚拟化将物理光网络分割成多个独立的虚拟光网络，虚拟光网络通过嵌入到物理光网络中获得频谱资源，服务于不同的用户。具体地，通过抽象底层网络资源并创建特征多样化的虚拟光网络，网络虚拟化技术使网络运营商能够为用户提供满足5G通信场景要求的虚拟化网络服务。为了实现高效的虚拟化网络服务管理，网络运营商通常会跟虚拟光网络用户达成资源分配相关的服务协议。通常情况下，根据该服务协议，网络运营商会将定量的频谱资源分配给各虚拟光网络。然而，该分配方式在具有剧烈流量波动(如，潮汐流量)的场景中，会引起严重的服务质量损耗和频谱资源浪费。
发明内容
为此，本发明所要解决的技术问题在于克服现有技术中存在服务质量损耗和频谱资源浪费，导致成本高的问题，从而提供一种避免服务质量损耗和频谱资源的浪费，有效降低成本的应对虚拟光网络流量波动成本最小化频谱交易方法及系统。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明的一种应对虚拟光网络流量波动成本最小 化频谱交易方法，将多个虚拟光网络用户组合成虚拟光网络社区，所述虚拟光网络社区采用成本最小化频谱交易机制减少向网络运营商购买的频谱资源，包括：以各个虚拟光网络用户初始购买的频谱部署其业务流量，部署完成后，将所有虚拟链路按照未部署业务流量的大小进行降序排列，将排序后的虚拟链路集合表示为L；从集合L中取出部署业务流量最大的虚拟链路l，判断虚拟链路l所属虚拟光网络用户的信用值是否高于预设信用阈值；若是，则进行空闲频谱交易；如否，进行额外频谱购买。
在本发明的一个实施例中，判断虚拟链路l所属虚拟光网络用户的信用值是否高于预设信用阈值；若是，通过空闲频谱交易从所述虚拟光网络社区中获取频谱资源，然后更新相关虚拟光网络用户的信用值。
在本发明的一个实施例中，所述更新相关虚拟光网络用户的信用值后，若虚拟链路l仍需要额外的频谱资源，则向所述网络运营商购买额外的频谱资源。
在本发明的一个实施例中，所述向网络运营商购买额外的频谱资源后，将虚拟链路l从集合L中删除，并判断集合L是否为空，若是，结束本次成本最小化频谱交易过程；如否，返回至所述步骤S2。
在本发明的一个实施例中，所述网络运营商提供给所述虚拟光网络用户的频谱资源不可重复分配。
在本发明的一个实施例中，所述虚拟光网络用户采用成本最小化频谱交易机制后向所述网络运营商购买的频谱资源少于直接向所述网络运营商购买的频谱资源。
在本发明的一个实施例中，所述虚拟光网络社区中的所有虚拟光网络用户在不同时隙的带宽需求全部满足。
在本发明的一个实施例中，所述虚拟光网络的服务周期相同且被均等地分为多个时隙。
在本发明的一个实施例中，经过相同物理链路的虚拟链路使用的频谱资 源不重叠。
本发明的应对虚拟光网络流量波动成本最小化频谱交易系统，将多个虚拟光网络用户组合成虚拟光网络社区，所述虚拟光网络社区采用成本最小化频谱交易机制减少向网络运营商购买的频谱资源，包括：部署排序模块；用于以各个虚拟光网络用户初始购买的频谱部署其业务流量，部署完成后，将所有虚拟链路按照未部署业务流量的大小进行降序排列，将排序后的虚拟链路集合表示为L；判断模块；用于从集合L中取出部署业务流量最大的虚拟链路l，判断虚拟链路l所属虚拟光网络用户的信用值是否高于预设信用阈值；若是，则进行空闲频谱交易；如否，进行额外频谱购买。
本发明的上述技术方案相比现有技术具有以下优点：
本发明所述的应对虚拟光网络流量波动成本最小化频谱交易方法及系统，将多个虚拟光网络用户组合成虚拟光网络社区，所述虚拟光网络社区采用成本最小化频谱交易机制减少向网络运营商购买的频谱资源，能够在保证全部业务量成功部署的情况下有效地减少虚拟光网络用户购买的总频谱资源；且允许所述虚拟光网络用户进行空闲频谱交易后再向所述网络运营商额外购买尽可能少的频谱资源，最大程度上降低了直接向网络运营商购买频谱资源的数量，不但保证了全部业务量成功部署，而且有效降低了成本。
附图说明
为了使本发明的内容更容易被清楚的理解，下面根据本发明的具体实施例并结合附图，对本发明作进一步详细的说明，其中
图1是本发明应对虚拟光网络流量波动成本最小化频谱交易方法的流程图；
图2是本发明成本最小化频谱交易实施例的说明图；
图3是本发明在n4s6网络中的仿真结果；
图4是本发明在NSFNET网络中的仿真结果；
图5是本发明在NSFNET网络中各虚拟网络用户额外购买的频谱资源。
具体实施方式
实施例一
如图1所示，本实施例提供一种应对虚拟光网络流量波动成本最小化频谱交易方法，将多个虚拟光网络用户组合成虚拟光网络社区，所述虚拟光网络社区采用成本最小化频谱交易机制减少向网络运营商购买的频谱资源；包括如下步骤：步骤S1:以各个虚拟光网络用户初始购买的频谱部署其业务流量，部署完成后，将所有虚拟链路按照未部署业务流量的大小进行降序排列，将排序后的虚拟链路集合表示为L；步骤S2:从集合L中取出部署业务流量最大的虚拟链路l，判断虚拟链路l所属虚拟光网络用户的信用值是否高于预设信用阈值；若是，则进行空闲频谱交易；如否，进行额外频谱购买。
本实施例所述应对虚拟光网络流量波动成本最小化频谱交易方法，将多个虚拟光网络用户组合成虚拟光网络社区，所述虚拟光网络社区采用成本最小化频谱交易机制减少向网络运营商购买的频谱资源，能够在保证全部业务量成功部署的情况下有效地减少虚拟光网络用户购买的总频谱资源；具体地包括如下步骤：所述步骤S1中，以各个虚拟光网络用户初始购买的频谱部署其业务流量，部署完成后，将所有虚拟链路按照未部署业务流量的大小进行降序排列，将排序后的虚拟链路集合表示为L，从而有利于使用一定量的频谱资源，尽可能多地部署业务流量；所述步骤S2中，从集合L中取出部署业务流量最大的虚拟链路l，判断虚拟链路l所属虚拟光网络用户的信用值是否高于预设信用阈值；若是，则进行空闲频谱交易；如否，进行额外频谱购买，从而允许所述虚拟光网络用户进行空闲频谱交易后再向所述网络运营商额外购买尽可能少的频谱资源，最大程度上降低了直接向网络运营商购买频谱资源的数量，不但保证了全部业务量成功部署，而且有效降低了成本。
本实施例中，为了避免部分虚拟光网络用户不断地从虚拟光网络社区中获取频谱资源，而却不向虚拟光网络社区提供自己的频谱资源，因此需要对所述虚拟光网络用户的信用值设置一个信用阈值，只有信用值高于所述信用阈值的虚拟光网络用户才可以通过空闲频谱交易从所述虚拟光网络社区中 获取频谱资源。当所述虚拟光网络用户的信用值低于信用阈值时，该用户就不可以从所述虚拟光网络社区中获取频谱资源。只有通过向所述虚拟光网络社区提供频谱资源使其信用值高于所述信用阈值后，该用户才可以再次从所述虚拟光网络社区中获取频谱资源。如果空闲频谱交易阶段完成后，部分虚拟光网络用户的流量需求仍未满足，那就意味着所述虚拟光网络社区中现有的频谱资源不足以承载全部的用户流量。此时，进入额外频谱购买阶段，所述虚拟光网络社区向所述网络运营商购买额外的频谱资源以保证所有虚拟光网络的流量需求能够得到满足。
下面详细说明所述虚拟光网络社区如何采用成本最小化频谱交易机制减少向网络运营商购买的频谱资源：
首先，以各个虚拟光网络用户初始购买的频谱部署其业务流量，其中各虚拟网络建立时，是按照一个固定的量向所述网络运营商购买的频谱(比如，可以根据历史业务流量估算平均业务流量)，即初始购买的频谱资源，所述虚拟光网络用户会优先使用该部分资源，部署完成后，将所有虚拟链路按照未部署业务流量的大小进行降序排列，将排序后的虚拟链路集合表示为L；从集合L中取出部署业务流量最大的虚拟链路l，从而有利于使用一定量的频谱资源，尽可能多地部署业务流量，当这部分资源不足以满足其业务需求时，才会通过频谱交易机制获得额外的资源，继续判断所述虚拟链路l所属虚拟光网络用户的信用值是否高于预设信用阈值，若是，通过空闲频谱交易从所述虚拟光网络社区中获取频谱资源，然后更新相关虚拟光网络用户的信用值，上述方式就是通过虚拟网络用户之间实现了交易频谱；所述更新相关虚拟光网络用户的信用值后，若虚拟链路l仍需要额外的频谱资源，则向所述网络运营商购买额外的频谱资源，这种方式就是向所述网络运营商再次购买。所述向网络运营商购买额外的频谱资源后，将虚拟链路l从集合L中删除，并判断集合L是否为空，若是，结束本次成本最小化频谱交易过程；如否，返回至所述步骤S2开始循环。
本实施例在使用时，所述网络运营商提供给所述虚拟光网络用户的频谱资源不可重复分配，以及经过相同物理链路的虚拟链路使用的频谱资源不重 叠，才能保证信息的准确传输。所述虚拟光网络用户采用成本最小化频谱交易机制后向所述网络运营商购买的频谱资源少于直接向所述网络运营商购买的频谱资源，不但能够在保证全部业务量成功部署的情况下有效地减少虚拟光网络用户购买的总频谱资源，而且实现成本最小化。所述虚拟光网络社区中的所有虚拟光网络用户在不同时隙的带宽需求全部满足，有利于保证全部业务量成功部署的情况下有效地减少虚拟光网络用户购买的总频谱资源。
本实施例所述的成本最小化频谱交易机制中，将多个虚拟光网络用户组合成虚拟光网络社区，所述虚拟光网络社区协同向所述网络运营商购买额外的频谱资源以满足社区成员全部的流量需求。
所述成本最小化频谱交易机制由空闲频谱交易和额外频谱购买两个阶段构成。在空闲频谱交易阶段，所述虚拟光网络社区中的用户根据实时流量需求进行空闲频谱交易。拥有未使用频谱资源的用户可以将该部分频谱资源交易给频谱资源不足的用户，同时获得等值的信用值。相应的，频谱资源不足的用户可以消耗其信用值以获取等值的空闲频谱资源。另外，当所述虚拟光网络用户的信用值低于信用阈值时，该用户就不可以从社区中获取频谱资源，只有通过向社区提供频谱资源使其信用值高于信用阈值后，该用户才可以再次从社区中获取频谱资源。如果空闲频谱交易阶段完成后，部分虚拟光网络用户的流量需求仍未满足，那就意味着所述虚拟光网络社区中现有的频谱资源不足以承载全部的用户流量。此时，进入额外频谱购买阶段，所述虚拟光网络社区向所述网络运营商购买额外的频谱资源以保证所有虚拟光网络的流量需求能够得到满足。
下面结合说明书附图对成本最小化频谱交易机制进行阐述，如图2所示，所述网络运营商管理底层物理网络，为各虚拟光网络用户提供虚拟化的网络资源。所述虚拟光网络的服务周期相同且被均等地分为多个时隙，从而有利于静态仿真，简化验证。在所述虚拟光网络社区中假设有三个用户，分别管理一个向所述网络运营商购买的虚拟光网络。在本例中，虚拟光网络用户1、虚拟光网络用户2、虚拟光网络用户3预先向所述网络运营商购买的频谱资源分别是2个、2个和3个频隙，给定时隙的带宽需求(表示为R) 分别是3个、4个和2个频隙。在空闲频谱交易阶段，交易代理首先检查所述虚拟光网络用户的信用值(表示为C)。其中，所述虚拟光网络用户1的信用值为C＝-2，低于预设的信用阈值μ＝-1，不能从所述虚拟光网络社区中获取频谱资源，而其他2个用户就可以进行空闲频谱交易。另外，所述虚拟光网络用户3交易1个空闲频隙给所述虚拟光网络用户2并获得一个单位的信用值。所述空闲频谱交易阶段完成后，所述虚拟光网络用户1和所述虚拟光网络用户2都仍需要1个频隙来满足带宽需求，因此进入额外频谱购买阶段，所述虚拟网光络社区可以向网络运营商购买额外的频谱资源用以承载各虚拟光网络尚未承载的业务流量。在本例中，所述虚拟光网络用户1被选择向网络运营商购买频谱，因为其信用值最小(为C＝-2)。信用值最小意味着所述虚拟光网络用户1从社区中获取的空闲频谱资源最多，因而需要为社区购买额外的频谱资源。完成额外频谱资源购买后，所述虚拟光网用户1从新购买的频谱资源中交易1个频隙给所述虚拟光网络用户2并获得1个单位的信用值。这样，所有虚拟光网络的带宽需求都得到了满足。
为了评估最小成本最小化频谱交易机制的性能，本文分别在4节点、6链路的n4s6网络和14节点、21链路的NSFNET网络中进行了仿真。在部署虚拟链路时，根据其所经过光路的物理长度可以选择不同的调制格式(分别为BPSK，QPSK和8-QAM)。不同调制格式的传输距离及数据传输速率如表1所示。
表一、不同调制格式下的频隙容量及传输距离
Figure PCTCN2019128307-appb-000001
在n4s6网络的仿真中，我们假设有6个虚拟光网络。每个虚拟光网络 有2到3个虚拟节点，所有虚拟节点由虚拟链路两两连接。各虚拟光网络的服务周期相同并被均等地分为2个时隙。各虚拟链路上的平均业务流量从X∈{150,225,300,375}Gb/s中选择，不同时隙的带宽需求在[10,2X-10]Gb/s内随机产生。信用阈值为μ＝-1。在NSFNET网络的仿真中，我们假设有50个虚拟光网络。每个虚拟光网络中的虚拟节点数在N∈[2,5]内随机产生。所有的虚拟节点由虚拟链路两两连接。各虚拟光网络的服务周期相同并被均等地分为4个时隙。各虚拟链路上的平均业务流量从X∈{100,150,…,400}Gb/s中选择,不同时隙的带宽需求在[10,2X-10]Gb/s内随机产生。信用阈值为μ＝-10。
请参考图3、图4以及图5，给出了虚拟光网络用户在不同的虚拟链路平均业务量下向网络运营商购买的总频谱资源。图例“CMST-MILP”、“CMST”和“Non-CMST”分别代表混合整型线性规划模型、启发式算法和未采用成本最小化频谱交易机制的仿真结果。其中，若未采用成本最小化频谱交易机制，虚拟光网络用户在需要额外的频谱资源时会直接向网络运营商购买。如图三所示，随着虚拟链路平均业务量的增加，因采用成本最小化频谱交易机制而节省购买的频谱资源也在增加。当虚拟链路平均业务量达到375Gb/s时，向网络运营商购买的总频谱资源减少12％。这是因为较大的虚拟链路平均业务量意味着较大的业务量波动，更多的业务量可以通过成本最小化频谱交易机制进行部署，而无需直接向网络运营商购买频谱资源。另外，本申请通过构建的混合整型线性规划模型和启发式算法的结果，可以看出启发式算法的性能非常接近混合整型线性规划模型，这证明了启发式算法的高效性。而在NSFNET网络中也进行了类似的仿真。但是由于混合整型线性规划模型在该网络中具有很高的计算复杂度，无法在合理的时间内得到结果，因此没有对其进行仿真。如图四所示，在不同的虚拟链路平均业务量下，采用成本最小化频谱交易机制比不采用该机制时向网络运营商购买的频谱资源显著减少，最多达到22％。图五给出了当虚拟链路平均业务量为250Gb/s时，各虚拟光网络用户在是否采用成本最小化频谱交易机制下购买的频谱资源。由上述可以看出，采用成本最小化频谱交易机制，许多虚拟光网络用户甚至无需购买 额外的频谱资源，通过其初始购买的频谱资源就可以满足其实时的带宽需求。
综上，本发明采用了子频带虚级联技术，可以使用多个子频带组成一条光路为虚拟链路提供带宽资源。虚拟光网络向网络运营商购买的频谱资源(包含多个子频带)表示为B(v,k,i,s,e)，其中v表示虚拟光网络，k表示虚拟链路，i表示子频带的索引，s表示该子频带中起始频隙的索引，e表示该子频带中终止频隙的索引。所述采用的成本最小化频谱交易机制相关优化问题的目标是保证虚拟光网络的业务流量完全得到承载的前提下，最小化虚拟光网络用户额外向网络运营商够买的频谱资源。
实施例二
基于同一发明构思，本实施例提供了一种应对虚拟光网络流量波动成本最小化频谱交易系统，其解决问题的原理与所述应对虚拟光网络流量波动成本最小化频谱交易方法类似，重复之处不再赘述。
本实施例所述应对虚拟光网络流量波动的频谱交易系统，将多个虚拟光网络用户组合成虚拟光网络社区，所述虚拟光网络社区采用成本最小化频谱交易机制减少向网络运营商购买的频谱资源，包括：
部署排序模块；用于以各个虚拟光网络用户初始购买的频谱部署其业务流量，部署完成后，将所有虚拟链路按照未部署业务流量的大小进行降序排列，将排序后的虚拟链路集合表示为L；
判断模块；用于从集合L中取出部署业务流量最大的虚拟链路l，判断虚拟链路l所属虚拟光网络用户的信用值是否高于预设信用阈值；若是，则进行空闲频谱交易；如否，进行额外频谱购买。
显然，上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明所作的举例，并非对实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说，在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。而由此所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明创造的保护范围之中。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种应对虚拟光网络流量波动成本最小化频谱交易方法，其特征在于，将多个虚拟光网络用户组合成虚拟光网络社区，所述虚拟光网络社区采用成本最小化频谱交易机制减少向网络运营商购买的频谱资源，包括如下步骤：
    步骤S1：以各个虚拟光网络用户初始购买的频谱部署其业务流量，部署完成后，将所有虚拟链路按照未部署业务流量的大小进行降序排列，将排序后的虚拟链路集合表示为L；
    步骤S2：从集合L中取出部署业务流量最大的虚拟链路l，判断虚拟链路l所属虚拟光网络用户的信用值是否高于预设信用阈值；若是，则进行空闲频谱交易；如否，进行额外频谱购买。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的应对虚拟光网络流量波动成本最小化频谱交易方法，其特征在于：判断虚拟链路l所属虚拟光网络用户的信用值是否高于预设信用阈值；若是，通过空闲频谱交易从所述虚拟光网络社区中获取频谱资源，然后更新相关虚拟光网络用户的信用值。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的应对虚拟光网络流量波动成本最小化频谱交易方法，其特征在于：所述更新相关虚拟光网络用户的信用值后，若虚拟链路l仍需要额外的频谱资源，则向所述网络运营商购买额外的频谱资源。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的应对虚拟光网络流量波动成本最小化频谱交易方法，其特征在于：所述向网络运营商购买额外的频谱资源后，将虚拟链路l从集合L中删除，并判断集合L是否为空，若是，结束本次成本最小化频谱交易过程；如否，返回至所述步骤S2。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的应对虚拟光网络流量波动成本最小化频谱交易方法，其特征在于：所述网络运营商提供给所述虚拟光网络用户的频谱资源不可重复分配。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的应对虚拟光网络流量波动成本最小化频谱交易方法，其特征在于：所述虚拟光网络用户采用成本最小化频谱交易机制后向所述网络运营商购买的频谱资源少于直接向所述网络运营商购买的频谱资源。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的应对虚拟光网络流量波动成本最小化频谱交易方法，其特征在于：所述虚拟光网络社区中的所有虚拟光网络用户在不同时隙的带宽需求全部满足。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的应对虚拟光网络流量波动成本最小化频谱交易方法，其特征在于：所述虚拟光网络的服务周期相同且被均等地分为多个时隙。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的应对虚拟光网络流量波动成本最小化频谱交易方法，其特征在于：经过相同物理链路的虚拟链路使用的频谱资源不重叠。
  10. 一种应对虚拟光网络流量波动成本最小化频谱交易系统，其特征在于：将多个虚拟光网络用户组合成虚拟光网络社区，所述虚拟光网络社区采用成本最小化频谱交易机制减少向网络运营商购买的频谱资源，包括：
    部署排序模块；用于以各个虚拟光网络用户初始购买的频谱部署其业务流量，部署完成后，将所有虚拟链路按照未部署业务流量的大小进行降序排列，将排序后的虚拟链路集合表示为L；
    判断模块；用于从集合L中取出部署业务流量最大的虚拟链路l，判断虚拟链路l所属虚拟光网络用户的信用值是否高于预设信用阈值；若是，则进行空闲频谱交易；如否，进行额外频谱购买。
PCT/CN2019/128307 2019-12-13 2019-12-25 应对虚拟光网络流量波动成本最小化频谱交易方法及系统 Ceased WO2021114403A1 (zh)

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