WO2021095648A1 - 太陽電池モジュール - Google Patents

太陽電池モジュール Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021095648A1
WO2021095648A1 PCT/JP2020/041506 JP2020041506W WO2021095648A1 WO 2021095648 A1 WO2021095648 A1 WO 2021095648A1 JP 2020041506 W JP2020041506 W JP 2020041506W WO 2021095648 A1 WO2021095648 A1 WO 2021095648A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
module
cells
cell
unit
control unit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2020/041506
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
翔英 佐藤
祐介 宮道
敬太 黒須
賢 北山
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kyocera Corp
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Kyocera Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kyocera Corp filed Critical Kyocera Corp
Priority to JP2021556066A priority Critical patent/JP7460290B2/ja
Publication of WO2021095648A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021095648A1/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S10/00—PV power plants; Combinations of PV energy systems with other systems for the generation of electric power
    • H02S10/40—Mobile PV generator systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F19/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one photovoltaic cell covered by group H10F10/00, e.g. photovoltaic modules
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates to a solar cell module.
  • Patent Document 1 describes a technique related to a solar cell.
  • the solar cell module is disclosed.
  • the solar cell module is a solar cell module that bends along a curved surface on which it is mounted, and includes a plurality of solar cell cells arranged along the curved surface.
  • the plurality of solar cells are divided into a plurality of units.
  • Each of the plurality of units includes at least one of a plurality of solar cells.
  • the plurality of solar cells are connected in series with each other.
  • Each of the plurality of units is not connected in series with the other unit.
  • FIG. 1 It is a figure which shows an example of the structure of the solar cell system. It is a figure which shows an example of how the solar cell module is mounted on a vehicle. It is a perspective view which shows an example of a solar cell module. It is a top view which shows an example of a solar cell module. It is a side view which shows an example of a solar cell module. It is a side view which shows an example of a solar cell module. It is a side view which shows an example of a solar cell module. It is a side view which shows an example of a solar cell module. It is a side view which shows an example of a solar cell module. It is a figure which shows an example of the cross-sectional structure of a solar cell module. It is a figure which shows an example of the structure of a control device.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the solar cell system 1 according to the present embodiment.
  • the solar cell system 1 includes, for example, a solar cell module 2 and a control device 3 for controlling the solar cell module 2.
  • the solar cell module 2 includes a plurality of solar cell 200s connected in series with each other.
  • the control device 3 can individually control whether or not to bypass each of the plurality of solar cells 200.
  • the solar cell module 2 is mounted on, for example, the roof 101 of the vehicle 100 of an automobile.
  • the surface 101a of the roof 101 is a curved surface.
  • the solar cell module 2 is bent along the curved surface of the surface 101a of the roof 101. It can be said that the solar cell module 2 is curved along the curved surface on which it is mounted.
  • the plurality of solar cells 200 are arranged along the curved surface of the surface 101a of the roof 101.
  • the solar cell module 2 may be bent along a curved surface on which the solar cell module 2 is mounted, and at least a part of the solar cell module 2 may be in contact with the curved surface or may be separated from the curved surface. ..
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of the appearance of the solar cell module 2.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view showing an example of the appearance of the solar cell module 2.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic side view of the solar cell module 2 as viewed from the arrow A1 of FIG.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic side view of the solar cell module 2 as viewed from the arrow B1 of FIG.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic side view of the solar cell module 2 as viewed from the arrow C1 of FIG.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic side view of the solar cell module 2 as viewed from the arrow D1 of FIG.
  • the front side of the solar cell module 2 means the side located on the front side (in other words, the headlight side) of the vehicle 100 when the solar cell module 2 is mounted on the roof 101.
  • the rear side of the solar cell module 2 means a side located on the rear side (in other words, the tail lamp side) of the vehicle 100 when the solar cell module 2 is mounted on the roof 101.
  • speaking of the left side of the solar cell module 2 the left side of the vehicle 100 when the solar cell module 2 is mounted on the roof 101 (specifically, the left side when the vehicle 100 is viewed from the tail lamp side to the headlight side). ) Means the side located.
  • the right side of the solar cell module 2 the right side of the vehicle 100 when the solar cell module 2 is mounted on the roof 101 (specifically, the right side when the vehicle 100 is viewed from the tail lamp side to the headlight side). ) Means the side located.
  • the solar cell module 2 may be simply referred to as a module 2
  • the solar cell 200 may be simply referred to as a cell 200.
  • the solar cell module 2 has, for example, a panel shape.
  • the panel-shaped solar cell module 2 is sometimes called a solar cell panel.
  • the module 2 of this example is curved according to the surface 101a of the roof 101.
  • the outer shape of the module 2 has a shape corresponding to the outer shape of the surface 101a of the roof 101 in a plan view.
  • the outer shape of the module 2 has an isosceles trapezoidal shape in a plan view as shown in FIG.
  • the outer shape of the module 2 includes two bases 2a and 2b and two legs 2c and 2d connecting the two bases 2a and 2b.
  • the bases 2a and 2b extend in the left-right direction and face each other in the front-rear direction. Of the bases 2a and 2b, the longer base 2a is located on the front side and the shorter base 2b is located on the rear side.
  • Module 2 has, for example, a light receiving surface (also referred to as a front surface) 20 on which light is incident and a back surface 21 located on the opposite side of the light receiving surface 20.
  • the module 2 is mounted on the roof 101 with the light receiving surface 20 on the outside.
  • Each of the light receiving surface 20 and the back surface 21 is curved according to the surface of the roof 101.
  • the plurality of cells 200 included in the module 2 are arranged along the light receiving surface 20 of the module 2.
  • each of the light receiving surface 20 and the back surface 21 has a plurality of surfaces whose normal directions are different from each other. ..
  • the direction in which the normal direction faces is not constant on each of the light receiving surface 20 and the back surface 21.
  • the light receiving surface 20 side of the module 2 may be referred to as the upper side of the module 2.
  • the back surface 21 side of the module 2 may be referred to as the lower side of the module 2.
  • the module 2 is slightly curved in the front-rear direction so as to be convex upward.
  • the front side portion 25 is bent more than the other portions in the side view from the left-right direction. That is, the curvature in the front-rear direction of the module 2 (that is, the curvature of the curvature along the front-rear direction of the module 2) is larger in the front side portion 25 of the module 2 than in the other portions. Further, the curvature in the front-rear direction in the portion rearward of the front side portion 25 of the module 2 is, for example, substantially constant when viewed along the front-rear direction.
  • the module 2 is slightly curved in the left-right direction so as to be convex upward.
  • the curvature of the module 2 in the left-right direction (that is, the curvature of the curvature along the left-right direction of the module 2) is, for example, substantially constant when viewed along the left-right direction.
  • the module 2 includes, for example, 10 cell rows 211 arranged in the front-rear direction.
  • Each cell row 211 includes a plurality of cells 200 arranged in the left-right direction.
  • each of the first and second cell rows 211 from the front side 12 cells 200 are arranged in the left-right direction.
  • a total of 24 cells 200 included in the first and second cell rows 211 from the front side are arranged in a matrix so that two cells are arranged in the front-rear direction and 12 cells are arranged in the left-right direction.
  • each of the third and fourth cell rows 211 from the front side 11 cells 200 are arranged in the left-right direction.
  • a total of 22 cells 200 included in the third and fourth cell rows 211 from the front side are arranged in a matrix so that two cells are arranged in the front-rear direction and 11 cells are arranged in the left-right direction.
  • each of the 5th to 7th cell rows 211 from the front side 10 cells 200 are arranged in the left-right direction.
  • a total of 30 cells 200 included in the 5th to 7th cell rows 211 from the front side are arranged in a substantially matrix so that 3 cells are arranged in the front-rear direction and 10 cells are arranged in the left-right direction.
  • each of the 8th to 10th cell rows 211 from the front side 9 cells 200 are arranged in the left-right direction.
  • a total of 27 cells 200 included in the 8th to 10th cell rows 211 from the front side are arranged in a matrix so that 3 cells are arranged in the front-rear direction and 9 cells are arranged in the left-right direction.
  • Module 2 of this example includes a total of 103 cells 200.
  • the cells 200 located on the rightmost side of the plurality of cell rows 211 are arranged along the isosceles trapezoidal legs 2c formed by the outer shape of the module 2. Further, the cells 200 located on the leftmost side of the plurality of cell rows 211 are arranged along the isosceles trapezoidal legs 2d formed by the outer shape of the module 2.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing an example of the cross-sectional structure of the module 2.
  • the module 2 includes, for example, a front surface protective layer 120 constituting the light receiving surface 20, a back surface protective layer 121 forming the back surface 21, and a filler 123. Be prepared.
  • the surface protective layer 120 has, for example, translucency.
  • the surface protective layer 120 has, for example, translucency for light having a wavelength in a specific range.
  • the wavelength in the specific range includes, for example, the wavelength of light that can be photoelectrically converted by the cell 200. If the wavelength in the specific range includes the wavelength of light having a high irradiation intensity in sunlight, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the module 2 can be improved.
  • the surface protective layer 120 is made of, for example, a resin.
  • the surface protection layer 120 may be composed of one layer or a plurality of layers.
  • the thickness of the surface protective layer 120 is, for example, about 0.05 mm to 0.5 mm.
  • the surface protective layer 120 may be made of, for example, glass.
  • the plurality of cells 200 are located between, for example, the front surface protection layer 120 and the back surface protection layer 121.
  • Each of the plurality of cells 200 has a cell light receiving surface 201 in which light is incident through the surface protective layer 120.
  • Each cell 200 can convert the light energy of the light input to the cell light receiving surface 201 into electrical energy.
  • the cell 200 includes one of a positive electrode and a negative electrode on the cell light receiving surface 201. Further, the cell 200 includes the other of the positive electrode and the negative electrode on the surface opposite to the cell light receiving surface 201.
  • Each of the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the cell 200 may be referred to as a busbar electrode.
  • the cell light receiving surfaces 201 of the plurality of cells 200 have a plurality of cell light receiving surfaces 201 whose normal directions are different from each other. Is included. On the cell light receiving surfaces 201 of the plurality of cells 200, the direction in which the normal direction faces is not constant.
  • the filler 123 covers a plurality of cells 200 between the front surface protective layer 120 and the back surface protective layer 121.
  • the filler 123 is filled in the region between the front surface protection layer 120 and the back surface protection layer 121 so as to cover the plurality of cells 200.
  • a plurality of cells 200 are covered with a common filler 123.
  • the filler 123 has, for example, a filler 123a located on the light receiving surface 20 side and a filler 123b located on the back surface 21 side.
  • the filler 123a covers each cell 200 between the surface protective layer 120 and the plurality of cells 200.
  • the filler 123a covers the cell light receiving surface 201 of each cell 200.
  • the filler 123b covers the plurality of cells 200, for example, between the back surface protective layer 121 and the plurality of cells 200.
  • the filler 123b covers the surface of each cell 200 on the back surface protective layer 121 side.
  • the plurality of cells 200 are surrounded so as to be sandwiched between, for example, the filler 123a and the filler 123b. As a result, the attitude of each cell 200 is maintained by the filler 123.
  • the filler 123 has, for example, translucency.
  • the filler 123 has, for example, translucency with respect to light having a wavelength in the above-mentioned specific range.
  • the fillers 123a and 123b constituting the filler 123 if at least the filler 123a has translucency, the incident light from the light receiving surface 20 side reaches the cell 200.
  • Each of the fillers 123a and 123b is composed of, for example, a resin.
  • the back surface protective layer 121 faces the front surface protective layer 120 with the filler 123 in between.
  • the back surface protection layer 121 can protect each cell 200 from the back surface 21 side, for example.
  • the back surface protective layer 121 is composed of, for example, a back sheet constituting the back surface 21.
  • the thickness of the back sheet is, for example, about 0.3 mm to 0.5 mm.
  • the backsheet is made of, for example, resin.
  • the back surface protective layer 121 is configured to wrap each cell 200 and the filler 123 from the back surface 21 side and the side surface side.
  • the back surface protective layer 121 is adhered to the outer peripheral portion of the front surface protective layer 120.
  • the back surface protective layer 121 has a shape similar to that of the front surface protective layer 120 in a plan view, for example. In this example, each of the front surface protection layer 120 and the back surface protection layer 121 has an isosceles trapezoidal shape in a plan view.
  • the module 2 is curved along the left-right direction so as to be convex upward. Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the cell 200 is visible in the side view from the left-right direction. Further, the module 2 is curved along the front-rear direction so as to be convex upward. Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the cell 200 is visible in the side view from the front-rear direction.
  • Module 2 may be pre-bent along the surface 101a of the roof 101 on which it is mounted. That is, the module 2 may be bent at the time of its manufacture. Further, the module 2 is not bent at the time of its manufacture, and may be bent along the surface 101a when it is mounted on the roof 101.
  • the solar cell system 1 may include a terminal box that outputs the output power of the module 2 (in other words, the power obtained by the power generation of the module 2) to the outside.
  • the terminal box may be located on the back surface 21 of the module 2 or may be located elsewhere. Further, the number and arrangement of the plurality of cells 200 included in the module 2 are not limited to the above example.
  • FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the control device 3.
  • the control device 3 includes a bypass unit 300, a connection switching unit 310, a current acquisition unit 320, and a control unit 330.
  • the bypass unit 300 can bypass each cell 200 individually under the control of the control unit 330.
  • the connection switching unit 310 can individually switch whether or not to connect the cell 200 to another cell 200 in series for each cell 200 under the control of the control unit 330.
  • the control device 3 can be said to be a control circuit.
  • the current acquisition unit 320 can obtain the individual output current of each cell 200.
  • the control device 3 may be provided in the terminal box or may be provided in another place.
  • the control unit 330 can comprehensively manage the operation of the control device 3 by controlling other components of the control device 3. It can be said that the control unit 330 is a kind of computer device.
  • the control unit 330 includes, for example, at least one processor to provide control and processing power to perform various functions, as described in more detail below.
  • At least one processor may be run as a single integrated circuit (IC) or as multiple communicably connected integrated circuit ICs and / or discrete circuits. Good. At least one processor can be run according to a variety of known techniques.
  • the processor comprises, for example, one or more circuits or units configured to perform one or more data calculation procedures or processes by executing instructions stored in the associated memory.
  • the processor may be firmware (eg, a discrete logic component) configured to perform one or more data computation procedures or processes.
  • the processor is one or more processors, controllers, microprocessors, microcontrollers, application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processing devices, programmable logic devices, field programmable gate arrays, or any of these. Any combination of devices or configurations, or other known device and configuration combinations, may be included to perform the functions described below.
  • ASICs application specific integrated circuits
  • the control unit 330 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 331 and a storage unit 332.
  • the storage unit 332 includes a non-temporary recording medium such as a ROM (Read Only Memory) and a RAM (Random Access Memory) that can be read by the CPU 331.
  • a control program or the like for controlling the control device 3 is stored in the storage unit 332.
  • Various functions of the control unit 330 are realized by the CPU 331 executing a control program in the storage unit 332.
  • the control unit 330 can be said to be a control circuit.
  • control unit 330 is not limited to the above example.
  • control unit 330 may or may not include a plurality of CPUs 331.
  • all the functions of the control unit 330 or some functions of the control unit 330 may be realized by a hardware circuit that does not require software to realize the functions.
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of an electrical connection relationship between a plurality of cells 200, a bypass unit 300, a connection switching unit 310, and a current acquisition unit 320.
  • the connection switching unit 310 includes a plurality of switch circuits 311. Each switch circuit 311 switches whether the two cells 200 are connected in series or not by being controlled by the control unit 330. In other words, each switch circuit 311 switches whether or not the positive electrode of one cell 200 and the negative electrode of the other cell 200 are electrically connected in the two cells 200 by the control of the control unit 330.
  • the bypass unit 300 includes a plurality of switch circuit pairs 301 corresponding to the plurality of cells 200, respectively.
  • Each switch circuit pair 301 can bypass the corresponding cell 200 under the control of the control unit 330.
  • the current acquisition unit 320 includes a plurality of detection units 321 corresponding to the plurality of cells 200, respectively. Each detection unit 321 can detect the individual output current of the corresponding cell 200. In other words, each detection unit 321 can detect the output current of the corresponding cell 200 alone.
  • Each switch circuit pair 301 includes a switch circuit 301a and a switch circuit 301b.
  • One end of the switch circuit 301a is connected to one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the corresponding cell 200.
  • One end of the switch circuit 301b is connected to the other of the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the corresponding cell 200.
  • the other ends of the switch circuits 301a and 301b are connected to each other through the detection unit 321 corresponding to the corresponding cell 200.
  • the switch circuits 301a and 301b may be composed of semiconductor elements or may have other configurations.
  • the bypass unit 300 can be said to be a bypass circuit.
  • the switch circuit 311 of the connection switching unit 310 is connected between the switch circuit 301b corresponding to the cell 200 and another cell 200 to which the cell 200 is connected in series. ..
  • the switch circuit 311 When the switch circuit 311 is on and the switch circuit 301b connected to one end of the switch circuit 311 is on, the cell 200 corresponding to the switch circuit 301b and the other end of the switch circuit 311 are connected.
  • the cell 200 is connected in series.
  • the switch circuit 311 when the switch circuit 311 is in the off state, the cell 200 corresponding to the switch circuit 301b connected to one end of the switch circuit 311 and the cell 200 connected to the other end of the switch circuit 311 are not connected.
  • the switch circuit 311 may be composed of a semiconductor element or may have another configuration.
  • the connection switching unit 310 can also be said to be a connection switching circuit.
  • the detection unit 321 indicates the individual output current of the cell 200. Is detected.
  • the output current of the cell 200 means the individual output current of the cell 200, in other words, the output current of the cell 200 alone.
  • the switch circuit 311 of the connection switching unit 310 when the output power of the module 2 is supplied to the outside, all the switch circuits 311 of the connection switching unit 310 are turned on. Then, in the setting process described later, whether or not the cell 200 is bypassed is set for each cell 200.
  • the switch circuit 311 of the connection switching unit 310 may be set to the off state during the execution of the setting process.
  • FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an example of individual output power of each cell 200.
  • FIG. 12 shows an example of the individual output power of each cell 200 of the module 2 mounted on the roof 101 of the vehicle 100 existing in Japan with the front side facing south.
  • FIG. 12 shows an example of the output power of each cell 200 around 3:00 pm in December.
  • the individual output power of the cell 200 is shown in the rectangle showing the cell 200.
  • the unit of the number shown in FIG. 12 is Wh / m 2 .
  • the output power of the cell 200 means the individual output power of the cell 200, in other words, the output power of the cell 200 alone.
  • the output current of the entire module 2 is limited to the minimum value of the output currents of the plurality of cells 200. Therefore, the output of the entire module 2 is not the sum of the individual outputs of the plurality of cells 200, but is limited by the minimum value of the output currents of the plurality of cells 200. That is, the total output of the plurality of cells 200 connected in series with each other is limited by the minimum value of the output currents of the plurality of cells 200.
  • the output of the module 2 can be increased by the control unit 330 controlling the bypass unit 300 based on the output of the module 2.
  • the control unit 330 controls the bypass unit 300 based on the total output of the plurality of cells 200, so that the total output of the plurality of cells 200 can be increased.
  • the control unit 330 determines the bypass setting for the plurality of cells 200 based on the output of the module 2, and performs the setting process for performing the determined bypass setting for the plurality of cells 200.
  • the output voltage of each cell 200 is represented by Vo.
  • the total number of cells 200 included in the module 2 is represented by N.
  • the cell 200 to be described may be referred to as a target cell 200.
  • the output of the module 2 may be referred to as a module output.
  • FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing an example of the setting process. As will be clear from the description below, steps s5 to s7 of the setting process are executed a plurality of times.
  • the control unit 330 acquires the output current of each cell 200 from the current acquisition unit 320.
  • the control unit 330 turns on the switch circuits 301a and 301b corresponding to the target cell 200. Then, the control unit 330 turns off the switch circuit 311 for connecting the target cell 200 and the other cells 200 in series. That is, the control unit 330 controls the connection switching unit 310 so that the target cell 200 is not connected to another cell 200.
  • the detection unit 321 corresponding to the target cell 200 can detect the output current of the target cell 200.
  • the control unit 330 acquires the output current of the target cell 200 detected by the detection unit 321 from the detection unit 321.
  • the control unit 330 similarly acquires the output current of each cell 200.
  • step s2 the control unit 330 obtains the module output when each cell 200 is not bypassed. That is, the control unit 330 obtains the output of the module 2 when the first bypass setting in which all of the plurality of cells 200 are not bypassed is performed for the plurality of cells 200.
  • this process may be referred to as the first process 401.
  • the output of the module 2 when each cell 200 is not bypassed may be referred to as an output when there is no bypass.
  • output power is used as a value representing the output of the module 2.
  • the control unit 330 obtains the output power of the module 2 when each cell 200 is not bypassed in the first process.
  • the control unit 330 outputs the minimum value of the N output currents acquired in step s1 and the value obtained by multiplying Vo and N as the output of the module 2 when each cell 200 is not bypassed. It is electric power.
  • step s3 the control unit 330 selects one cell 200 having the smallest output current from the plurality of cells 200.
  • the control unit 330 selects any one of the plurality of cells 200 having the minimum output current.
  • step s4 the control unit 330 obtains the output of the module 2 when the cell 200 selected in step s3 is bypassed. That is, the control unit 330 obtains the output of the module 2 when the second bypass setting in which the cell 200 selected in step s3 is bypassed is performed for the plurality of cells 200.
  • the control unit 330 identifies the cell 200 having the smallest output current among the portions other than the cell 200 selected in step s3 in the plurality of cells 200. Then, the control unit 330 obtains a value obtained by multiplying the output current of the specified cell 200, Vo, and (N-1). The control unit 330 uses the obtained value as the output power of the module 2 when the cell 200 selected in step s3 is bypassed.
  • the processes of steps s3 and s4 may be collectively referred to as the second process 402.
  • the control unit 330 selects the cell 200 having the smallest output current among the plurality of cells 200, and the selected cell 200 is bypassed.
  • the second bypass setting is for the plurality of cells 200. It can be said that this is a process for obtaining the output of the module 2 when it is performed.
  • step s5 the control unit 330 further selects the cell 200 having the smallest output current from the portions other than all the cells 200 selected so far among the plurality of cells 200.
  • the control unit 330 further selects the cell 200 having the smallest output current from the portions other than the cell 200 selected in step s3 among the plurality of cells 200.
  • the control unit 330 is one of the plurality of cells 200 having the minimum output current. Select one.
  • step s6 the control unit 330 obtains the output of the module 2 when all the selected cells 200 are bypassed. That is, the control unit 330 obtains the output of the module 2 when the third bypass setting in which all the selected cells 200 are bypassed is performed for the plurality of cells 200.
  • the processes of steps s5 and s6 may be collectively referred to as the third process 403.
  • the control unit 330 selects the cell 200 having the smallest output current among the portions other than all the selected cells 200 in the plurality of cells 200, and all the selected cells 200 are bypassed. It can be said that this is a process for obtaining the output of the module 2 when the third bypass setting is performed for the plurality of cells 200.
  • the third process 403 is executed a plurality of times.
  • step s6 of the third process 403 the control unit 330 identifies the cell 200 having the smallest output current among the portions other than all the cells 200 selected so far in the plurality of cells 200. Then, the control unit 330 obtains a value obtained by multiplying the output current of the specified cell 200, Vo, and (N-1-M). The control unit 330 uses the obtained value as the output power of the module 2 when all the selected cells 200 are bypassed.
  • M means the number of times the third process 403 is executed.
  • M means the number of times the third process 403 is executed.
  • M 1.
  • the control unit 330 is the cell having the smallest output current among the plurality of cells 200, excluding the cell 200 selected in step s3 and the cell 200 selected in the first step s5. Identify 200. Then, the control unit 330 obtains a value obtained by multiplying the output current of the specified cell 200, Vo, and (N-1-1). The control unit 330 uses the obtained value as the output power of the module 2 when the cell 200 selected in step s3 and the cell 200 selected in the first step s5 are bypassed.
  • step s7 the control unit 330 determines whether or not the current number of executions M of the third process 403 is N-2. If No is determined in step s7, steps s5 and s6 are executed again. In other words, if No is determined in step s7, the third process 403 is executed again. On the other hand, if Yes is determined in step s7, step s8 is executed. The third process 403 is executed (N-2) times.
  • the control unit 330 has the smallest output current among the plurality of cells 200 except for the cell 200 selected in step s3 and the cell 200 selected in the first step s5. Select cell 200.
  • the control unit 330 bypasses the cell 200 selected in step s3, the cell 200 selected in the first step s5, and the cell 200 selected in the second step s5. Find the output power of module 2.
  • the control unit 330 uses the cell 200 selected in step s3, the cell 200 selected in the first step s5, and the cell 200 selected in the second step s5 among the plurality of cells 200.
  • the cell 200 having the smallest output current is selected from the parts excluding and.
  • the control unit 330 uses the cell 200 selected in step s3, the cell 200 selected in the first step s5, the cell 200 selected in the second step s5, and the third step s5.
  • the output power of the module 2 when the cell 200 selected in step 2 is bypassed is obtained.
  • the control unit 330 determines that the bypass setting is performed on the plurality of cells 200 for each of the plurality of types of bypass settings. Output is obtained. In this example, the control unit 330 obtains the output of the module 2 when the bypass settings are made to the plurality of cells 200 for each of the N types of bypass settings including the first to third bypass settings.
  • step s8 the control unit 330 makes a bypass setting for the plurality of cells 200 so that the output of the module 2 becomes large.
  • the control unit 330 turns on each switch circuit 311 of the connection switching unit 310.
  • a large output is taken out from the module 2.
  • the bypass setting in which the output of the module 2 becomes large may be referred to as an appropriate bypass setting.
  • control unit 330 sets the bypass setting that maximizes the output of the module 2 as the appropriate bypass setting among the N types of bypass settings. Then, the control unit 330 sets an appropriate bypass for the plurality of cells 200. Specifically, the control unit 330 sets the bypass setting in which the maximum output out of the N outputs obtained so far is obtained as an appropriate bypass setting. In other words, the control unit 330 sets the bypass setting that gives the maximum output out of the N outputs obtained in the first process 401, the second process 402, and the third process 403 as an appropriate bypass setting. Then, the control unit 330 sets an appropriate bypass for the plurality of cells 200.
  • step s8 first, the control unit 330 specifies the maximum output power among the N output powers of the module 2 obtained so far. Then, the control unit 330 sets the bypass setting for the plurality of cells 200, which can obtain the specified maximum output power, as an appropriate bypass setting. For example, consider the case where the output power of the module 2 is the maximum when a certain five cells 200 are bypassed out of the N output powers obtained by the control unit 330. In this case, the control unit 330 sets the bypass setting in which the five cells 200 are bypassed as an appropriate bypass setting. Then, the control unit 330 sets an appropriate bypass for the plurality of cells 200. Specifically, the control unit 330 turns on all the switch circuits 301a of the five switch circuits vs.
  • the control unit 330 turns off all the switch circuits 301a of the other switch circuits pair 301. Further, the control unit 330 turns off all the switch circuits 301b of the five switch circuits vs. 301. Then, the control unit 330 turns on all the switch circuits 301b of the other switch circuits pair 301. As a result, the output power of the module 2 is maximized, and a large output power is taken out from the module 2 to the outside.
  • the setting process will be explained with specific numerical values.
  • the plurality of cells 200 included in the module 2 are composed of six cells A to F.
  • the output currents of cells A to F obtained in step s1 of the setting process are 1.0A, 1.4A, 2.0A, 2.5A, 2.5A and 3, respectively, as shown in FIG. .4A.
  • the output voltage of each of the cells A to F is, for example, 1.0 V.
  • step s2 the control unit 330 obtains the output power of the module 2 when all of cells A to F are not bypassed.
  • step s3 the control unit 330 selects the cell A having the smallest output current.
  • step s4 the control unit 330 obtains the output power of the module 2 when the selected cell A is bypassed.
  • step s5 the control unit 330 selects the cell B having the smallest output current from the portions other than the selected cell A among the plurality of cells A to F.
  • step s6 the control unit 330 obtains the output power of the module 2 when all the selected cells 200, that is, the cells A and B are bypassed.
  • step s5 No is determined in step s7, and step s5 is executed again.
  • the control unit 330 selects cell C.
  • step s6 the control unit 330 obtains the output power of the module 2 when the cells A to C selected so far are bypassed.
  • step s5 No is determined in step s7, and step s5 is executed again.
  • the control unit 330 selects either cells D and E. Here, it is assumed that cell D is selected.
  • the control unit 330 obtains the output power of the module 2 when the cells A to D selected so far are bypassed.
  • step s3 No is determined in step s7, and step s3 is executed again.
  • the control unit 330 selects cell E.
  • step s6 the control unit 330 obtains the output power of the module 2 when the cells A to E selected so far are bypassed.
  • step s7 it is determined to be Yes, and step s8 is executed.
  • step s8 the control unit 330 identifies the maximum output power among the six output powers obtained so far.
  • FIG. 15 is a diagram showing the six output powers obtained by the control unit 330. “No bypass” in FIG. 15 means that all cells A to F are not bypassed. As shown in FIG. 15, in this example, the output power of the module 2 when the cells A and B are bypassed is the largest. Therefore, the control unit 330 sets the bypass setting in which the cells A and B are bypassed as an appropriate bypass setting. Then, the control unit 330 sets an appropriate bypass setting for the plurality of cells 200.
  • the control unit 330 turns on the switch circuit 301a of the two switch circuits pair 301 corresponding to the cells A and B, respectively, and the switch circuit of the four switch circuits pair 301 corresponding to the cells C to F respectively. Turn off 301a. Further, the control unit 330 turns off the switch circuit 301b of the two switch circuits pair 301 corresponding to the cells A and B, and turns on the switch circuit 301b of the four switch circuits pair 301 corresponding to the cells C to F, respectively. Put it in a state. At this time, the control unit 330 turns on each switch circuit 311 of the connection switching unit 310. As a result, the output power of the module 2 is maximized, and the output power of 8.0 W is taken out from the module 2 to the outside.
  • the output power is used as an index value (hereinafter, may be referred to as an output index value) representing the output of the module 2, but other values may be used.
  • the value obtained by multiplying the minimum value of the N output currents acquired in step s1 and N may be obtained as the output index value.
  • a value obtained by multiplying the output current of the cell 200 selected in step s3 and (N-1) is obtained as an output index value.
  • the output current of the cell 200 having the smallest output current among the portions of the plurality of cells 200 excluding all of the cells 200 selected so far is multiplied by (N-1-M). The value obtained by the above is obtained as an output index value.
  • the bypass setting that obtains the maximum output index value of the N output index values obtained so far is set as an appropriate bypass setting.
  • the bypass unit 300 capable of individually bypassing each of the plurality of cells 200 is controlled based on the output of the module 2. As a result, it is possible to make a bypass setting for a plurality of cells 200 so that the output of the module 2 becomes large. Therefore, the output of the module 2 can be increased.
  • control unit 330 sets the bypass setting that maximizes the output of the module 2 among the N types of bypass settings including the first bypass setting in which all of the plurality of cells 200 are not bypassed. I'm going to. This makes it easy to find a bypass setting that produces a higher output than the output without bypass. Therefore, the output of the module 2 can be increased.
  • control unit 330 requests the module output when the bypass setting is set in a plurality of cells 200 for each of the N types of bypass settings, but the content of the setting process is the above example. Not limited to.
  • the control unit 330 may obtain the module output when the bypass setting is set in the plurality of cells 200 for each of a plurality of types of bypass settings of a part of the N types of bypass settings. ..
  • the control unit 330 may obtain only the module output when all of the cells A to F are not bypassed, when the cells A and B are bypassed, and when the cells A to D are bypassed.
  • the control unit 330 may obtain only the module output when all of the cells A to F are not bypassed, when the cells A are bypassed, and when the cells A to C are bypassed.
  • the module output when cells A to C are bypassed is 7.5 W at the maximum. Therefore, in this case, the control unit 330 sets the bypass setting in which the cells A to C are bypassed as an appropriate bypass setting.
  • the control unit 330 further selects the cell 200 when the obtained module output is equal to or higher than the previously obtained module output, and when the obtained module output is smaller than the previously obtained module output, the control unit 330 further selects the cell 200.
  • the bypass setting that obtains the module output obtained last time may be set as an appropriate bypass setting.
  • the control unit 330 executes step s5 when the module output obtained in step s4 is equal to or greater than the module output obtained in step s2.
  • the control unit 330 sets the bypass setting in which the module output obtained in step s2 is obtained as an appropriate bypass setting.
  • the control unit 330 executes step s7.
  • the control unit 330 sets the bypass setting in which the module output obtained in step s4 is obtained as an appropriate bypass setting. To do.
  • the control unit 330 executes step s7.
  • the control unit 330 sets a bypass setting to obtain the module output obtained in the previous step s6. Make an appropriate bypass setting.
  • the module output (module output when cells A to C are bypassed) obtained in the second step s6 is the module output (cell A) obtained in the first step s6.
  • the module output when B is bypassed Therefore, the module output when cells A to D are bypassed is not obtained, and the bypass setting in which cells A and B are bypassed is set as an appropriate bypass setting.
  • control unit 330 may obtain the output of the module 2 when the bypass setting is performed for each of all types of bypass settings for the plurality of cells 200. However, if all of the plurality of cells 200 are bypassed, the output of the module 2 becomes zero, so this case is excluded. Then, the control unit 330 may make a bypass setting for the plurality of cells 200 so that the maximum output among the obtained plurality of outputs can be obtained.
  • the control unit 330 determines that when all of cells A to D are not bypassed, when only cell A is bypassed, when only cell B is bypassed, when only cell C is bypassed, only cell D is bypassed. Find the module output for each bypass. Further, the control unit 330 obtains a module output for each of the times when cells A and B are bypassed, when cells A and C are bypassed, and when cells A and D are bypassed. Further, the control unit 330 obtains a module output for each of the times when cells B and C are bypassed, when cells B and D are bypassed, and when cells C and D are bypassed.
  • control unit 330 obtains module output for each of the times when cells A to C are bypassed, cells A, B, and D are bypassed, and cells B to D are bypassed. Then, the control unit 330 sets the bypass setting for obtaining the maximum output out of the obtained 14 outputs for the plurality of cells A to F.
  • the maximum output when cells A and B are bypassed is 8.0 W. This is the same result as when the setting process of FIG. 13 is executed when the module 2 includes only cells A to D.
  • the setting process of FIG. 13 is executed when the module 2 includes only cells A to D, a total of four outputs are required.
  • the bypass setting that maximizes the output can be found from all types of bypass settings with a very simple process.
  • the module 2 is mounted on the automobile, but it may be mounted on another moving body that moves outdoors.
  • module 2 may be mounted on at least one of trains, bicycles, ships, airplanes, balloons, airships, drones and mobile robots.
  • the module 2 may be mounted on a device other than the moving body.
  • the module 2 may be mounted on a curved surface of an object whose position is fixed outdoors.
  • module 2 may be mounted on a roof with a curved surface in a building.
  • the module 2 may be mounted on a robot whose position is fixed.
  • the module 2 may be mounted in a trash can provided with a communication function and a sensor, which is called a smart trash can.
  • the module 2 may be mounted on at least one of a vending machine, a tent, a traffic light, a road surface such as a highway, a sign, a railroad track, and a street light.
  • a vending machine a tent
  • a traffic light a road surface such as a highway, a sign, a railroad track, and a street light.
  • the object on which the module 2 is mounted may be referred to as an object.
  • the setting process may be executed repeatedly.
  • the setting process may be repeatedly executed periodically or irregularly.
  • the incident angle of sunlight in the cell 200 changes depending on the time. Therefore, the variation in the degree of sunlight exposure among the plurality of cells 200 may change depending on the time. As the variation in sunlight exposure among the plurality of cells 200 changes, the appropriate bypass setting may change. That is, the bypass setting that increases the output of the module 2 may change depending on the time. As a result, a large output may not be obtained after the setting process is executed.
  • control unit 330 may execute the interval determination process for determining the execution interval of the setting process based on the information about the module 2.
  • the interval determination process may be executed, for example, every time the setting process is executed a predetermined number of times ( ⁇ 2).
  • FIG. 16 is a flowchart showing an example of the interval determination process.
  • the control unit 330 acquires the first information regarding the module 2.
  • the control unit 330 determines the execution interval of the setting process based on the acquired first information. Since the execution interval of the setting process is determined based on the information about the module 2, an appropriate execution interval of the setting process can be set. As a result, it becomes easy to obtain a large module output.
  • the term "execution interval" simply means the execution interval of the setting process.
  • the object is a moving object. That is, the module 2 is mounted on a moving body such as an automobile.
  • the first information includes the moving speed of the module 2.
  • the control unit 330 determines the execution interval based on the moving speed of the module 2 acquired in step s11. It can be said that the moving speed of the module 2 is the speed of the moving body on which the module 2 is mounted.
  • the moving body on which the module 2 is mounted may be referred to as a target moving body.
  • the degree of sunlight exposure to the module 2 can be easily changed by moving the module 2 in and out of the shadow.
  • the control unit 330 sets the execution interval to the first interval when the moving speed of the module 2 is zero. In other words, the control unit 330 sets the execution interval to the first interval when the speed of the target moving body is zero.
  • the control unit 330 sets the execution interval to the second interval, which is shorter than the first interval. In other words, the control unit 330 sets the execution interval to the second interval when the speed of the target moving body is greater than zero. It can be said that the control unit 330 lengthens the execution interval when the movement of the module 2 is stopped, and shortens the execution interval when the module 2 is moving.
  • the control unit 330 lengthens the execution interval when the target moving body is stopped, and shortens the execution interval when the target moving body is moving.
  • the first and second intervals are appropriately determined, for example, according to the type of the target moving body and the like.
  • the execution interval may be set, for example, between several msec and several tens of seconds.
  • the control unit 330 may shorten the execution interval as the moving speed of the module 2 increases. For example, when the moving speed of the module 2 is zero, the control unit 330 sets the execution interval to the third interval. Further, when the moving speed of the module 2 is greater than zero and equal to or less than the first threshold value, the control unit 330 sets the execution interval to the fourth interval, which is shorter than the third interval. Further, when the moving speed of the module 2 is faster than the first threshold value and is equal to or less than the second threshold value (> first threshold value), the control unit 330 sets the execution interval to be greater than the fourth threshold value. Set to a short fifth interval.
  • the control unit 330 sets the execution interval to the sixth interval, which is shorter than the fifth interval.
  • the execution interval is shortened, so that a large module output can be obtained more easily.
  • the first and second threshold values and the third to sixth intervals are appropriately determined according to, for example, the type of the target moving object. The number of steps for which the execution interval can be set is not limited to this.
  • various methods can be considered as a method for the control unit 330 to acquire the moving speed of the module 2.
  • the control unit 330 may acquire the moving speed of the module 2 based on the information from the target moving body such as an automobile.
  • the control unit 330 may acquire the moving speed of the module 2 based on the information from the device mounted on the target moving body.
  • the control unit 330 may acquire the position information of the target moving body from the car navigation device and obtain the moving speed of the target moving body, that is, the moving speed of the module 2 based on the acquired position information.
  • control unit 330 may acquire acceleration information of the target moving body from the car navigation device and obtain the moving speed of the target moving body, that is, the moving speed of the module 2 based on the acquired acceleration information. Further, the control unit 330 may acquire the moving speed of the target moving body from the car navigation device and use it as the moving speed of the module 2.
  • the control device 3 includes a position detection sensor that detects the position of the module 2.
  • the control unit 330 may acquire the position information from the position detection sensor and obtain the moving speed of the module 2 based on the acquired position information.
  • the position detection sensor for example, a GPS receiver that acquires position information based on a radio signal from a GPS (Global Positioning System) positioning satellite can be considered.
  • control unit 330 may acquire acceleration information from the acceleration sensor and obtain the moving speed of the module 2 based on the acquired acceleration information.
  • the module 2 is mounted on the moving body.
  • the first information includes the moving direction of the module 2.
  • the control unit 330 determines the execution interval based on the moving direction of the module 2 acquired in step s11.
  • the moving direction acquired in step s11 may be a moving direction represented in three dimensions or a moving direction represented in two dimensions. In the latter case, the moving direction acquired in step s11 may be represented by a direction.
  • step s12 of this example the control unit 330 sets the execution interval to the seventh interval when the moving direction of the module 2 does not change frequently.
  • the control unit 330 sets the execution interval to the eighth interval, which is shorter than the seventh interval.
  • the control unit 330 obtains, for example, the number of changes in the moving direction of the module 2 in the first predetermined period. Hereinafter, this number of times is referred to as the first change number.
  • the control unit 330 determines whether or not the moving direction of the module 2 changes frequently based on the number of first changes. When the number of first changes is equal to or less than the third threshold value, the control unit 330 determines that the moving direction of the module 2 does not change frequently. Then, the control unit 330 sets the execution interval to the seventh interval. On the other hand, when the number of first changes is larger than the third threshold value, the control unit 330 determines that the moving direction of the module 2 changes frequently. Then, the control unit 330 sets the execution interval to the eighth interval.
  • the control unit 330 acquires the moving direction of the module 2 a plurality of times in the first predetermined period. Then, the control unit 330 determines that the change has occurred once when the acquired movement direction has changed from the previously acquired movement direction. The control unit 330 performs this process for each movement direction acquired from the second time onward to obtain the first change count.
  • the first predetermined period, the third threshold value, and the seventh and eighth intervals are appropriately determined according to, for example, the type of the target moving body.
  • control unit 330 may set the execution interval in three or more stages according to the number of first changes. For example, when the number of first changes is equal to or less than the fourth threshold value, the control unit 330 sets the execution interval to the ninth interval. Further, when the number of first changes is larger than the fourth threshold value and is equal to or less than the fifth threshold value (> fourth threshold value), the control unit 330 sets the execution interval to the tenth interval. Then, when the number of first changes is larger than the fifth threshold value, the control unit 330 sets the execution interval to the eleventh interval, which is shorter than the tenth interval. This makes it easier to obtain a large module output.
  • the fourth and fifth threshold values and the ninth to eleventh intervals are appropriately determined according to, for example, the type of the target moving body. The number of steps for which the execution interval can be set is not limited to this.
  • various methods can be considered as a method for the control unit 330 to acquire the moving direction of the module 2.
  • the control unit 330 may acquire the moving direction of the module 2 based on the information from the device mounted on the target moving body. For example, consider the case where a car navigation device is mounted on the target moving object. In this case, the control unit 330 may acquire the position information of the target moving body from the car navigation device and obtain the moving direction of the target moving body, that is, the moving direction of the module 2 based on the acquired position information. Further, the control unit 330 may acquire the acceleration information of the target moving body from the car navigation device and obtain the moving direction of the target moving body, that is, the moving direction of the module 2 based on the acquired acceleration information. Further, the control unit 330 may acquire the moving direction of the target moving body from the car navigation device and use it as the moving direction of the module 2.
  • the control device 3 includes a position detection sensor that detects the position of the module 2.
  • the control unit 330 may acquire the position information from the position detection sensor and obtain the moving direction of the module 2 based on the acquired position information.
  • the position detection sensor for example, a GPS receiver can be considered.
  • the control device 3 includes an acceleration sensor that detects the acceleration of the module 2.
  • the control unit 330 may acquire acceleration information from the acceleration sensor and obtain the moving direction of the module 2 based on the acquired acceleration information.
  • the first information includes the posture information of the module 2.
  • the control unit 330 determines the execution interval based on the posture information acquired in step s11.
  • the attitude of the module 2 may change if the attitude of the flying object changes due to wind or the like.
  • the module 2 is mounted on a movable part such as a robot, the posture of the module 2 may change. If the posture of the module 2 changes frequently, the degree of sunlight hitting the module 2 may change easily. As a result, proper bypass settings can also be variable.
  • step s12 of this example the control unit 330 determines whether or not the posture of the module 2 changes frequently based on the posture information acquired in step s11.
  • the control unit 330 sets the execution interval to the twelfth interval.
  • the control unit 330 sets the execution interval to the 13th interval, which is shorter than the 12th interval.
  • the control unit 330 obtains, for example, the number of changes in the posture of the module 2 in the second predetermined period based on the posture information. Hereinafter, this number of times will be referred to as a second change number.
  • the control unit 330 determines whether or not the posture of the module 2 changes frequently based on the number of second changes. When the number of second changes is equal to or less than the sixth threshold value, the control unit 330 determines that the posture of the module 2 does not change frequently. Then, the control unit 330 sets the execution interval to the twelfth interval. On the other hand, the control unit 330 determines that the posture of the module 2 changes frequently when the number of second changes is larger than the sixth threshold value.
  • control unit 330 sets the execution interval to the thirteenth interval.
  • the method of obtaining the second number of changes is the same as the method of obtaining the first number of changes described above.
  • the second predetermined period, the sixth threshold value, and the twelfth and thirteenth intervals are appropriately determined according to, for example, the type of the object on which the module 2 is mounted.
  • control unit 330 may set the execution interval in three or more stages according to the number of second changes. For example, when the second change count is equal to or less than the seventh threshold value, the control unit 330 sets the execution interval to the 14th interval. Further, when the number of second changes is larger than the seventh threshold value and is equal to or less than the eighth threshold value (> seventh threshold value), the control unit 330 sets the execution interval shorter than the fourteenth threshold value. Set at 15 intervals. Then, when the number of second changes is larger than the seventh threshold value, the control unit 330 sets the execution interval to the 16th interval, which is shorter than the 15th interval. This makes it easier to obtain a large module output.
  • the 7th and 8th threshold values and the 14th to 16th intervals are appropriately determined according to, for example, the type of the object on which the module 2 is mounted. The number of steps for which the execution interval can be set is not limited to this.
  • various methods can be considered as a method for the control unit 330 to acquire the posture information of the module 2.
  • the control unit 330 may acquire the attitude information of the module 2 based on the information from the object on which the module 2 is mounted. For example, consider the case where the object is provided with a gyro sensor that acquires the angular velocity information of the object. In this case, the control unit 330 acquires the angular velocity information from the gyro sensor of the object. Then, the control unit 330 acquires the attitude information of the object based on the acquired angular velocity information. The control unit 330 uses the acquired posture information of the object as the posture information of the module 2.
  • control device 3 includes a gyro sensor that acquires the angular velocity information of the module 2.
  • the control unit 330 acquires the angular velocity information from the gyro sensor. Then, the control unit 330 acquires the attitude information of the module 2 based on the acquired angular velocity information.
  • the first information includes the output current of a specific cell 200 (hereinafter, may be referred to as a specific cell 200) included in the plurality of cells 200.
  • the control unit 330 determines the execution interval based on the output current of the specific cell 200 acquired in step s11.
  • the control unit 330 can acquire the output current of the specific cell 200 in the same manner as in step s1 described above.
  • the degree of sunlight hitting the module 2 may change easily. That is, if the output current of the cell 200 changes frequently, the appropriate bypass setting may change easily.
  • the control unit 330 determines whether or not the output current of the specific cell 200 changes frequently.
  • the control unit 330 sets the execution interval to the 17th interval.
  • the control unit 330 sets the execution interval to the 18th interval, which is shorter than the 17th interval.
  • the control unit 330 obtains, for example, the number of changes in the output current of the specific cell 200 in the third predetermined period. Hereinafter, this number of times will be referred to as a third change number.
  • the control unit 330 determines whether or not the output current of the specific cell 200 changes frequently based on the number of third changes. When the third change count is equal to or less than the ninth threshold value, the control unit 330 determines that the output current of the specific cell 200 does not change frequently. Then, the control unit 330 sets the execution interval to the 17th interval. On the other hand, the control unit 330 determines that the output current of the specific cell 200 changes frequently when the number of third changes is larger than the ninth threshold value.
  • control unit 330 sets the execution interval to the 18th interval.
  • the method of obtaining the third number of changes is the same as the method of obtaining the first number of changes described above.
  • the third predetermined period, the ninth threshold value, and the 17th and 18th intervals are appropriately determined according to, for example, the type of the object on which the module 2 is mounted, the shape of the module 2, and the like.
  • control unit 330 may set the execution interval in three or more stages according to the number of third changes. For example, when the third change count is equal to or less than the tenth threshold value, the control unit 330 sets the execution interval to the 19th interval. Further, when the third change count is larger than the tenth threshold value and is equal to or less than the eleventh threshold value (> tenth threshold value), the control unit 330 sets the execution interval shorter than the nineteenth threshold value. Set to 20 intervals. Then, when the third change count is larger than the eleventh threshold value, the control unit 330 sets the execution interval to the 21st interval, which is shorter than the 20th interval. This makes it easier to obtain a large module output.
  • the tenth and eleventh threshold values and the 19th to 21st intervals are appropriately determined according to, for example, the type of the object on which the module 2 is mounted, the shape of the module 2, and the like.
  • the number of steps for which the execution interval can be set is not limited to this.
  • the specific cell 200 for example, among a plurality of cells 200, the cell 200 in which the degree of sunlight exposure is likely to change is adopted.
  • the specific cell 200 for example, a cell 200 in which the output current is likely to change among the plurality of cells 200 is adopted.
  • the cell light receiving surface 201 of the cell 200 in the center of the module 2 is relatively parallel to the ground. Therefore, the cell light receiving surface 201 of the cell 200 in the central portion of the module 2 faces in a direction perpendicular to the horizontal direction. That is, the cell light receiving surface 201 of the cell 200 in the center of the module 2 mounted on the roof 101 faces relatively directly above. Therefore, in the cell 200 at the center of the module 2, even if the moving direction or the posture of the module 2 changes, the degree of sunlight exposure is unlikely to change. Therefore, with respect to the cell 200 in the central portion of the module 2, the output current may not change even if the degree of sunlight hitting the entire module 2 changes.
  • module 2 the peripheral part around the central part is inclined with respect to the ground. Therefore, the cell light receiving surface 201 of the cell 200 in the peripheral portion faces in a relatively horizontal direction. Therefore, in the cell 200 at the periphery of the module 2, the degree of sunlight hitting easily changes according to the change in the moving direction or the posture of the module 2. Therefore, with respect to the cell 200 in the peripheral portion of the module 2, the output current tends to change according to the change in the degree of sunlight hitting the entire module 2.
  • the cell 200 in the peripheral portion thereof is designated as the specific cell 200.
  • the cell 200 located in the recess when viewed from the light receiving surface 20 side may be the specific cell 200.
  • the cell 200 located in the concave portion of the module 2 is more likely to change the degree of sunlight exposure according to the change in the posture of the module 2. Therefore, in the cell 200 located in the recess of the module 2, the output current is likely to change according to the change in the degree of sunlight hitting the module 2. Therefore, by setting the cell 200 located in the recess of the module 2 as the specific cell 200, it becomes easy to obtain a large module output.
  • control unit 330 may determine the execution interval based on the output currents of the plurality of specific cells 200. In this case, the control unit 330 uses, for example, the average value of the output currents of the plurality of specific cells 200 instead of the output currents of the specific cells 200. For example, the control unit 330 sets the execution interval to the 17th interval when the average value of the output currents of the plurality of specific cells 200 does not change frequently, and sets the execution interval to the 18th interval when the average value changes frequently. May be set to.
  • control unit 330 may perform an execution decision process that determines whether or not to execute the setting process based on the second information regarding the module 2.
  • FIG. 17 is a flowchart showing an example of the execution decision process.
  • step s21 the control unit 330 acquires the second information regarding the module 2.
  • step s22 the control unit 330 determines whether or not to execute the setting process based on the acquired second information.
  • step s22 when the control unit 330 determines that the setting process is to be executed, the control unit 330 executes the setting process.
  • the control unit 330 can execute the setting process at an appropriate timing by determining whether or not to execute the setting process based on the information about the module 2. As a result, it becomes easy to obtain a large module output.
  • the execution decision process may be executed repeatedly. In this case, the execution decision process may be executed periodically or irregularly.
  • the execution interval of the execution decision process is determined according to, for example, the type of the object on which the module 2 is mounted. When the module 2 is mounted on an automobile, the execution interval of the execution determination process may be set to, for example, several ms to several tens of seconds. A specific example of the execution decision process will be described below.
  • the second information includes the posture information of the module 2.
  • the control unit 330 determines whether or not to execute the setting process based on the posture information acquired in step s21. As described above, the control unit 330 can acquire the attitude information of the module 2 by various methods.
  • the appropriate bypass settings can change.
  • the control unit 330 determines whether or not the posture of the module 2 has changed based on the posture information acquired in step s21.
  • the control unit 330 determines to execute the setting process and executes the setting process.
  • the control unit 330 determines not to execute the setting process.
  • the control unit 330 compares the first posture, which is the current posture of the module 2, with the second posture, which is the posture of the module 2 one predetermined time before the present (for example, several ms to several seconds before). ..
  • the control unit 330 determines that the posture of the module 2 has changed.
  • the control unit 330 determines that the posture of the module 2 has not changed.
  • control unit 330 determines whether or not to execute the setting process based on the posture of the module 2, so that the setting process is executed when the degree of sunlight hitting the module 2 also changes. Can be done. That is, the control unit 330 can execute the setting process when the appropriate bypass setting changes. Therefore, it becomes possible to respond to a change in an appropriate bypass setting, and it becomes easy to obtain a large module output.
  • the second information includes the output current of the specific cell 200.
  • the control unit 330 determines whether or not to execute the setting process based on the output current acquired in step s21.
  • the control unit 330 determines whether or not the output current of the specific cell 200 has changed.
  • the control unit 330 determines to execute the setting process and executes the setting process.
  • the control unit 330 determines not to execute the setting process.
  • the control unit 330 has, for example, a first output current which is the current output current of the specific cell 200 and a second output current of the specific cell 200 which is a second predetermined time before (for example, several ms to several seconds before) the present. 2 Compare with output current.
  • the control unit 330 determines that the output current of the specific cell 200 has changed. On the other hand, when the first output current and the second output current are the same, the control unit 330 determines that the output current of the specific cell 200 has not changed.
  • control unit 330 may determine whether or not to execute the setting process based on the output currents of the plurality of specific cells 200.
  • the control unit 330 uses, for example, the average value of the output currents of the plurality of specific cells 200 instead of the output currents of the specific cells 200. For example, when the control unit 330 determines that the average value of the output currents of the plurality of specific cells 200 has changed, the control unit 330 determines to execute the setting process. On the other hand, when it is determined that the average value of the output currents of the plurality of specific cells 200 has not changed, the control unit 330 determines not to execute the setting process.
  • control unit 330 determines whether or not to execute the setting process based on the output current of at least one specific cell 200, so that the setting is made when the degree of sunlight hitting the module 2 also changes. The process can be executed. Therefore, it becomes easy to obtain a large module output.
  • the control unit 330 may determine the number of executions of the third process 403 according to the moving speed of the module 2. In this case, the control unit 330 acquires the moving speed of the module 2 immediately before step s7, for example. The control unit 330 can acquire the moving speed of the module 2 in the same manner as in step s11 described above. Next, in step s7, the control unit 330 determines whether or not the current number of executions M of the third process 403 is (N-2-X).
  • X is a value corresponding to the moving speed of the module 2 obtained immediately before step s7. Specifically, X is a value that increases as the moving speed of the module 2 increases.
  • the value of X when the moving speed of the module 2 is zero, the value of X is set to zero.
  • the value of X is set to x1 (x1 is a natural number).
  • the value of X is set to x2 (x2 is a natural number).
  • the module output can be appropriately increased.
  • the value of X is set in three stages, but the value of X may be set in two stages or four or more stages.
  • the solar cell system 1 does not include, for example, the above-mentioned control device 3. Therefore, in this embodiment, each cell 200 is not bypassed.
  • the plurality of cells 200 included in the module 2 are divided into a plurality of units 500.
  • Each of the plurality of units 500 includes at least one of the plurality of cells 200 included in the module 2.
  • the plurality of cells 200 are connected in series with each other. That is, the plurality of cells 200 included in the unit 500 are connected in series with each other. And each of the plurality of units 500 is not connected in series with the other units 500.
  • FIG. 18 is a diagram showing an example in which a plurality of cells 200 are divided into a plurality of units 500.
  • the number and arrangement of the plurality of cells 200 included in the module 2 are different from those in the above-described first embodiment.
  • the module 2 includes, for example, 10 rows of cell rows 211 arranged in the front-rear direction.
  • Each cell row 211 includes a plurality of cells 200 arranged in the left-right direction.
  • twelve cells 200 are arranged in the left-right direction.
  • a total of 36 cells 200 included in the first to third cell rows 211 from the front side are arranged in a matrix so that three cells are arranged in the front-rear direction and twelve cells are arranged in the left-right direction.
  • ten cells 200 are arranged in the left-right direction.
  • a total of 60 cells 200 included in the 4th to 9th cell rows 211 from the front side are arranged in a matrix so that 6 cells are arranged in the front-rear direction and 10 cells are arranged in the left-right direction.
  • eight cells 200 are arranged in the left-right direction.
  • the plurality of cells 200 are divided into three units 500a, 500b, and 500c along the front-rear direction.
  • the unit 500a includes, for example, the first to third cell rows 211 from the front side.
  • the 36 cells 200 included in the unit 500a are connected in series with each other.
  • the unit 500b includes, for example, the fourth to sixth cell rows 211 from the front side.
  • the 30 cells 200 included in the unit 500b are connected in series with each other.
  • the unit 500c includes, for example, the 7th to 10th cell rows 211 from the front side.
  • the 38 cells 200 included in the unit 500c are connected in series with each other.
  • Each of the units 500a, 500b, and 500c is not connected in series with the other units 500.
  • each of the plurality of units 500 is not connected in series with the other units 500.
  • the output of each unit 500 is not limited by the output current of the cell 200 even when the cell 200 having a small output current is included in the other unit. Therefore, the output of the entire module 2 can be increased.
  • FIG. 19 is a diagram showing an example of individual output power of each cell 200.
  • FIG. 19 shows an example of the output power of each cell 200 of the module 2 mounted on the roof 101 of the vehicle 100 existing in Japan with the front side facing east.
  • FIG. 19 shows an example of the output power of each cell 200 around noon in November.
  • the output power of the cell 200 is shown in the square showing the cell 200.
  • the unit of the number shown in FIG. 19 is Wh / m 2 .
  • the module output is improved as compared with the case where the plurality of cells 200 are not divided into the plurality of units 500. To do. In other words, the amount of power generated by the module 2 is improved.
  • 20 to 27 are diagrams showing another example in which a plurality of cells 200 are divided into a plurality of units 500.
  • the plurality of cells 200 are divided into two units 500a1 and 500b1 along the front-rear direction.
  • the unit 500a1 includes, for example, the first to fifth cell rows 211 from the front side.
  • the unit 500b1 includes, for example, the sixth to tenth cell rows 211 from the front side.
  • a plurality of cells 200 are connected in series with each other.
  • the unit 500a1 and the unit 500b1 are not connected in series.
  • the plurality of cells 200 are divided into five units 500a2 to 500e2 along the front-rear direction.
  • the unit 500a2 includes, for example, the first and second cell rows 211 from the front side.
  • the unit 500b2 includes, for example, the third and fourth cell rows 211 from the front side.
  • the unit 500c2 includes, for example, the fifth and sixth cell rows 211 from the front side.
  • the unit 500d2 includes, for example, the seventh and eighth cell rows 211 from the front side.
  • the unit 500e2 includes, for example, the ninth and tenth cell rows 211 from the front side.
  • a plurality of cells 200 are connected in series with each other.
  • Each of the units 500a2 to 500e2 is not connected in series with the other units 500.
  • the plurality of cells 200 are divided into 10 units 500a3 to 500j3 along the front-rear direction.
  • the unit 500a3 includes, for example, the first cell row 211 from the front side.
  • the unit 500b3 includes, for example, the second cell row 211 from the front side.
  • the unit 500c3 includes, for example, the third cell row 211 from the front side.
  • the unit 500d3 includes, for example, the fourth cell row 211 from the front side.
  • the unit 500e3 includes, for example, the fifth cell row 211 from the front side.
  • the unit 500f3 includes, for example, the sixth cell row 211 from the front side.
  • the unit 500g3 includes, for example, the seventh cell row 211 from the front side.
  • the unit 500h3 includes, for example, the eighth cell row 211 from the front side.
  • the unit 500i3 includes, for example, the ninth cell row 211 from the front side.
  • the unit 500j3 includes, for example, the tenth cell row 211 from the front side.
  • a plurality of cells 200 are connected in series with each other.
  • Each of the units 500a3 to j3 is not connected in series with the other units 500.
  • the plurality of cells 200 are divided into two units 500a4 and 500b4 along the left-right direction.
  • the unit 500a4 includes, for example, each cell 200 in the first to sixth rows from the right side.
  • Unit 500b4 includes, for example, each cell 200 in the 7th to 12th rows from the right.
  • a plurality of cells 200 are connected in series with each other.
  • the unit 500a4 and the unit 500b4 are not connected in series.
  • the plurality of cells 200 are divided into three units 500a5, 500b5, 500c5 along the left-right direction.
  • the unit 500a5 includes, for example, each cell 200 in the first to fourth rows from the right side.
  • Unit 500b5 includes, for example, each cell 200 in the fifth to eighth rows from the right.
  • the unit 500c5 includes, for example, each cell 200 in the 9th to 12th rows from the right side.
  • a plurality of cells 200 are connected in series with each other.
  • Each of the units 500a5, 500b5, 500c5 is not connected in series with the other units 500.
  • the plurality of cells 200 are divided into four units 500a6 to 500d6 along the left-right direction.
  • Unit 500a6 includes, for example, each cell 200 in the first to third rows from the right.
  • Unit 500b6 includes, for example, each cell 200 in the fourth to sixth rows from the right.
  • the unit 500c6 includes, for example, each cell 200 in the 7th to 9th rows from the right side.
  • the unit 500d6 includes, for example, each cell 200 in the 10th to 12th rows from the right side.
  • a plurality of cells 200 are connected in series.
  • Each of the units 500a6, 500b6, 500c6, 500d6 is not connected in series with the other units 500.
  • the plurality of cells 200 are divided into six units 500a7 to 500f7 along the left-right direction.
  • Unit 500a7 includes, for example, each cell 200 in the first and second rows from the right.
  • Unit 500b7 includes, for example, each cell 200 in the third and fourth rows from the right.
  • Unit 500c7 includes, for example, each cell 200 in the fifth and sixth rows from the right.
  • Unit 500d7 includes, for example, each cell 200 in the seventh and eighth rows from the right.
  • Unit 500e7 includes, for example, each cell 200 in the ninth and tenth rows from the right.
  • Unit 500f7 includes, for example, each cell 200 in the 11th and 12th rows from the right.
  • a plurality of cells 200 are connected in series.
  • Each of the units 500a7 to 500f7 is not connected in series with the other units 500.
  • the plurality of cells 200 are divided into 12 units 500a8 to 500l8 along the left-right direction.
  • Unit 500a8 includes, for example, each cell 200 in the first row from the right.
  • Unit 500b8 includes, for example, each cell 200 in the second row from the right.
  • Unit 500c8 includes, for example, each cell 200 in the third row from the right.
  • Unit 500d8 includes, for example, each cell 200 in the fourth row from the right.
  • Unit 500e8 includes, for example, each cell 200 in the fifth row from the right.
  • Unit 500f8 includes, for example, each cell 200 in the sixth row from the right.
  • the unit 500g8 contains, for example, each cell 200 in the seventh row from the right.
  • Unit 500h8 includes, for example, each cell 200 in the eighth row from the right.
  • Unit 500i8 includes, for example, each cell 200 in the ninth row from the right.
  • Unit 500j8 includes, for example, each cell 200 in the tenth row from the right.
  • Unit 500k8 includes, for example, each cell 200 in the eleventh row from the right.
  • Unit 500l8 contains, for example, each cell 200 in the twelfth row from the right.
  • a plurality of cells 200 are connected in series.
  • Each of the units 500a8 to 500k8 is not connected in series with the other units 500.
  • the plurality of cells 200 are divided into a plurality of units 500 along the front-rear direction or the left-right direction, but the plurality of cells 200 may be divided into a plurality of units 500 along the front-rear direction and the left-right direction.
  • FIG. 28 is a diagram showing an example in this case.
  • the plurality of cells 200 are divided into three along the front-rear direction and two along the left-right direction.
  • the plurality of cells 200 are divided into six units 500a9 to 500f9.
  • the plurality of cells 200 are divided into three along the front-rear direction in the same manner as in FIG. 18 described above.
  • the plurality of cells 200 are divided into two along the left-right direction in the same manner as in FIG. 24 described above.
  • a plurality of cells 200 are connected in series.
  • Each of the six units 500a9 to 500f9 is not connected in series with the other units 500.
  • the method of dividing a plurality of cells 200 is not limited to the above example.
  • the plurality of cells 200 may be divided into five along the front-rear direction as shown in FIG. 21 and may be divided into four along the left-right direction as shown in FIG. 25. In this case, the plurality of cells 200 are divided into 20 units 500.
  • FIG. 29 is a diagram showing an example of the annual total power generation amount of the module 2 in each mode of dividing the plurality of cells 200.
  • the “number of units in the front-rear direction” shown in FIG. 29 indicates the number of units 500 arranged in the front-rear direction when a plurality of cells 200 are divided along the front-rear direction.
  • the “number of units in the left-right direction” shown in FIG. 29 indicates the number of units 500 arranged in the left-right direction when a plurality of cells 200 are divided along the left-right direction.
  • Each value in the column where the number of units in the front-rear direction is "1" indicates the total annual power generation amount of the module 2 when the plurality of cells 200 are not divided in the front-rear direction.
  • Each value in the column where the number of units in the left-right direction is "1" indicates the total annual power generation amount of the module 2 when the plurality of cells 200 are not divided in the left-right direction. Therefore, the value in the column in which both the number of units in the front-rear direction and the number of units in the left-right direction are "1" indicates the total annual power generation amount of the module 2 when the plurality of cells 200 are not divided into the plurality of units 500. ..
  • each value in the column where the number of units in the front-rear direction is “2” indicates the total annual power generation amount of the module 2 when a plurality of cells 200 are divided into two along the front-rear direction as shown in FIG. Is shown.
  • Each value in the column where the number of units in the front-rear direction is "3" indicates the total annual power generation amount of the module 2 when a plurality of cells 200 are divided into three along the front-rear direction as shown in FIG.
  • Each value in the column where the number of units in the front-rear direction is "5" indicates the total annual power generation amount of the module 2 when a plurality of cells 200 are divided into five along the front-rear direction as shown in FIG.
  • Each value in the column where the number of units in the front-rear direction is "10" indicates the total annual power generation amount of the module 2 when a plurality of cells 200 are divided into 10 units along the front-rear direction as shown in FIG.
  • each value in the column where the number of units in the left-right direction is "2" is the annual total of the module 2 when a plurality of cells 200 are divided into two along the left-right direction as shown in FIG. 23. Indicates the amount of power generation.
  • Each value in the column where the number of units in the left-right direction is "3" indicates the total annual power generation amount of the module 2 when a plurality of cells 200 are divided into three along the left-right direction as shown in FIG. 24.
  • Each value in the column where the number of units in the left-right direction is "4" indicates the total annual power generation amount of the module 2 when a plurality of cells 200 are divided into four along the left-right direction as shown in FIG.
  • Each value in the column where the number of units in the left-right direction is "6" indicates the total annual power generation amount of the module 2 when a plurality of cells 200 are divided into six along the left-right direction as shown in FIG.
  • Each value in the column where the number of units in the left-right direction is "12" indicates the total annual power generation amount of the module 2 when a plurality of cells 200 are divided into 12 units along the left-right direction as shown in FIG. 27.
  • the value (350.1kWh / y) in the column indicating that the number of units in the front-rear direction is "10" and the number of units in the left-right direction is "12" is such that each of the plurality of cells 200 individually has one unit 500.
  • the annual total power generation amount of the module 2 in the case of the configuration is shown. That is, the annual total power generation amount of the module 2 when each of the plurality of cells 200 is not connected in series with the other cells 200 is shown.
  • the output of the module 2 is maximized. That is, when each of the plurality of cells 200 is not connected in series with the other cells 200, the output of the module 2 is maximized.
  • the outputs of the plurality of units 500 may be connected in parallel, for example.
  • the output power of the plurality of units 500 may be stored in one storage battery 600.
  • the output power of the plurality of units 500 may be individually stored in the plurality of storage batteries 600, respectively.
  • some of the plurality of units 500 may be connected in parallel, and the remaining units 500 may not be connected in parallel with the other units 500.
  • the plurality of cells 200 may be divided into a plurality of units 500 so that the number of the plurality of cells 200 is the same among the plurality of units 500 as much as possible. This makes it possible to reduce variations in the output voltages of the plurality of units 500.
  • the plurality of cells 200 are divided into a plurality of units 500 along at least one of the front-rear direction and the left-right direction, but the plurality of cells 200 may be divided into a plurality of units 500 based on other criteria.
  • the plurality of cells 200 may be divided into a plurality of units 500 based on the normal direction of the plurality of cells 200 with respect to the cell light receiving surface 201.
  • the plurality of cells 200 may be divided into a plurality of units 500 based on the direction in which the cell light receiving surface 201 of the plurality of cells 200 faces. An embodiment in this case will be described below.
  • the cell light receiving surface 201 of the cell 200 in the center of the module 2 mounted on the roof 101 faces in a direction perpendicular to the horizontal direction.
  • the normal direction of the cell 200 in the central portion of the module 2 with respect to the cell light receiving surface 201 is relatively perpendicular to the horizontal direction. Therefore, it can be said that the cell light receiving surface 201 of the cell 200 in the central portion of the module 2 faces relatively directly upward. Therefore, it can be said that sunlight is relatively easy to hit the cell light receiving surface 201 of the cell 200 in the center of the module 2 throughout the day.
  • the peripheral portion around the central portion is inclined with respect to the ground. Therefore, the cell light receiving surface 201 of the cell 200 in the peripheral portion faces in a relatively horizontal direction. In other words, the normal direction of the cell 200 in the peripheral portion of the module 2 with respect to the cell light receiving surface 201 is relatively horizontal. Therefore, when viewed throughout the day, there is a time zone in which it is difficult for sunlight to hit the cell light receiving surface 201 of the cell 200 in the peripheral portion of the module 2. When there is a cell 200 that is hard to be exposed to sunlight, the output current of the cell 200 may limit the output of the entire module 2.
  • the plurality of cells 200 are located in the unit 500 including the plurality of cells 200 located in the central portion of the module 2 where the sunlight is relatively easy to hit, and in the peripheral portion of the module 2 where the sunlight is relatively hard to hit. It may be divided into a unit 500 including a plurality of cells 200.
  • FIG. 32 shows how the plurality of cells 200 are divided into a unit 500A1 including a plurality of cells 200 located in the central portion of the module 2 and a unit 500B1 including a plurality of cells 200 located in the peripheral portion of the module 2. It is a figure which shows an example.
  • FIG. 32 shows an example of the individual output power of each cell 200, as in FIG. 19 described above.
  • the unit 500A1 is composed of 36 cells 200 included in the 4th to 9th rows from the right side in the 3rd to 8th cell columns 211 from the front side.
  • the unit 500B1 is composed of 68 other cells 200.
  • the output of the module 2 is 408.586048 Wh / m 2 in the example of FIG. 32.
  • the output of the module 2 is increased by about 4.1%.
  • the plurality of units 500 include the unit 500A1 including the plurality of cells 200 located in the central portion of the module 2 and the unit 500B1 including the plurality of cells 200 located in the peripheral portion of the module 2.
  • the output of module 2 can be increased.
  • the plurality of units 500 include a unit 500A2 including a plurality of cells 200 located in the central portion of the module 2, a unit 500B2 including a plurality of cells 200 located on the right side of the peripheral portion of the module 2, and a module.
  • a unit 500C2 including a plurality of cells 200 located on the left side of the peripheral portion of 2 may be provided.
  • FIG. 33 is a diagram showing an example of the unit 500A2,500B2,500C2 in this case.
  • FIG. 33 shows an example of the individual output power of each cell 200, as in FIG.
  • the right side portion of the peripheral portion of the module 2 may be referred to as a right peripheral portion.
  • the left side portion of the peripheral portion of the module 2 may be referred to as a left peripheral peripheral portion.
  • the unit 500A2 is composed of the same 36 cells 200 as the above-mentioned unit 500A1.
  • the unit 500B2 includes twelve cells 200 included in the first to sixth rows from the right side in the first and second cell columns 211 from the front side. Further, the unit 500B2 includes three cells 200 included in the first to third rows from the right side in the third cell column 211 from the front side. Further, the unit 500B2 includes 10 cells 200 included in the second and third rows from the right side in the fourth to eighth cell columns 211 from the front side. Further, the unit 500B2 includes five cells 200 included in the second to sixth rows from the right side in the ninth cell column 211 from the front side.
  • the unit 500B2 includes four cells 200 included in the third and sixth rows from the right side in the tenth cell column 211 from the front side.
  • Unit 500B2 includes a total of 34 cells 200.
  • Unit 500C2 includes the remaining 34 cells 200.
  • the number of cells 200 is close to each other among the plurality of units 500A2,500B2,550C2.
  • the output voltages of the plurality of units 500A2,500B2,500C2 are close to each other.
  • the module 2 is curved along the left-right direction so as to be convex upward.
  • the surface of the right peripheral portion of the module 2 faces relatively diagonally upward to the right. That is, when the module 2 is viewed from the rear side, the normal direction of the plurality of cells 200 located on the right side of the peripheral portion of the module 2 with respect to the cell light receiving surface 201 is relatively diagonally upward to the right. It will be.
  • the surface of the left peripheral portion of the module 2 faces relatively diagonally upward to the left when the module 2 is viewed from the rear side. That is, when the module 2 is viewed from the rear side, the normal direction of the plurality of cells 200 located on the left side of the peripheral portion of the module 2 with respect to the cell light receiving surface 201 is relatively diagonally upward to the left. It will be.
  • the direction in which the cell light receiving surface 201 of the cell 200 located on the right peripheral portion of the module 2 faces is substantially different from the direction in which the cell light receiving surface 201 of the cell 200 located on the left peripheral portion of the module 2 faces.
  • a large difference may occur between the output power of the cell 200 located on the right peripheral portion of the module 2 and the output power of the cell 200 located on the left peripheral portion of the module 2.
  • the output power of the cell 200 located in the peripheral portion on the right side of the module 2 is generally large, but the output power of the cell 200 located in the peripheral portion on the left side of the module 2 is generally small.
  • a plurality of units 500 include the unit 500B2 and the unit 500C2 as in this example, even if the output power of the cell 200 located on one of the right peripheral portion and the left peripheral portion of the module 2 is small, the output power is small. It is possible to reduce the possibility that the output of the unit 500 including the cell 200 located on the other side of the right peripheral portion and the left peripheral portion of the module 2 is reduced. Therefore, the output of the entire module 2 can be increased.
  • the output of the unit 500A2 is 158.055156Wh / m 2 , which is the same as the output of the unit 500A1.
  • the output of the module 2 is 408.586048 Wh / m 2 in the example of FIG. 32. Therefore, when the plurality of cells 200 are divided into units 500A2,500B2,500C2, the output of the module 2 increases by about 11%.
  • the plurality of units 500 of the module 2 mounted on the roof 101 are located on the left side of the unit 500A2 including the plurality of cells 200 located in the central portion of the module 2 and the peripheral portion of the module 2.
  • the output of the module 2 can be further increased by including the unit 500B2 including the plurality of cells 200 and the unit 500C2 including the plurality of cells 200 located on the right side of the peripheral portion of the module 2.
  • the plurality of units 500 include a unit 500A3 including a plurality of cells 200 located in the central portion of the module 2, a unit 500B2 including a plurality of cells 200 located in the right front side portion of the peripheral portion of the module 2, and the module 2.
  • unit 500D2 including a plurality of cells 200 located on the right rear side portion of the peripheral portion of the module 2, and module 2.
  • a unit 500E2 including a plurality of cells 200 located on the left rear side portion of the peripheral portion may be provided.
  • FIG. 34 is a diagram showing an example of the units 500A3,500B3,500C3,500D3,500E3 in this case.
  • FIG. 34 is a diagram showing an example of the units 500A3,500B3,500C3,500D3,500E3 in this case.
  • the right front side part, the left front side part, the right rear side part, and the left rear side part are referred to as a right front side peripheral part, a left front side peripheral part, and a right rear side peripheral part, respectively. And sometimes called the left rear peripheral end.
  • the unit 500A3 includes 24 cells 200 included in the 4th to 9th rows from the right side in the 4th to 7th cell columns 211 from the front side.
  • the unit 500B3 includes 18 cells 200 included in the 1st to 6th rows from the right side in the 1st to 3rd cell columns 211 from the front side.
  • the unit 500B2 includes two cells 200 included in the second and third rows from the right side in the fourth cell column 211 from the front side.
  • Unit 500B3 includes a total of 20 cells 200.
  • the unit 500C3 includes 18 cells 200 included in the 7th to 12th rows from the right side in the 1st to 3rd cell columns 211 from the front side. Further, the unit 500C2 includes two cells 200 included in the tenth and eleventh rows from the right side in the fourth cell column 211 from the front side. Unit 500C3 includes a total of 20 cells 200.
  • the unit 500D3 includes 6 cells 200 included in the 2nd and 3rd rows from the right side in the 5th to 7th cell columns 211 from the front side. Further, the unit 500D3 includes 10 cells 200 included in the 2nd to 6th rows from the right side in the 8th and 9th cell columns 211 from the front side. Then, the unit 500D3 includes four cells 200 included in the third to sixth rows from the right side in the tenth cell column 211 from the front side. Unit 500D3 includes a total of 20 cells 200.
  • the unit 500E3 includes 6 cells 200 included in the 10th and 11th rows from the right side in the 5th to 7th cell columns 211 from the front side. Further, the unit 500E3 includes 10 cells 200 included in the 7th to 11th rows from the right side in the 8th and 9th cell columns 211 from the front side. Then, the unit 500E3 includes four cells 200 included in the seventh to tenth rows from the right side in the tenth cell column 211 from the front side. Unit 500E3 includes a total of 20 cells 200.
  • the number of cells 200 is close to each other among the plurality of units 500A3,500B3,550C3,500D3,500E3.
  • the output voltages of the plurality of units 500A3,500B3,550C3,500D3,500E3 become close to each other.
  • the module 2 is curved along the left-right direction so as to be convex upward (see FIGS. 5 and 6), and is curved along the front-rear direction so as to be convex upward (see FIGS. 7 and 6). 8). Therefore, the surfaces of the right front peripheral portion, the left front peripheral portion, the right rear peripheral portion, and the left rear peripheral end portion of the module 2 generally face different directions from each other. That is, the direction in which the cell light-receiving surface 201 of the cell 200 located in the right front peripheral portion of the module 2 faces, the direction in which the cell light-receiving surface 201 of the cell 200 located in the left front peripheral portion of the module 2 faces, and the right of the module 2.
  • the direction in which the cell light-receiving surface 201 of the cell 200 located in the rear peripheral portion faces and the direction in which the cell light-receiving surface 201 of the cell 200 located in the left rear peripheral portion of the module 2 faces are generally different from each other.
  • the degree of sunlight exposure may vary among the right front peripheral portion, the left front peripheral portion, the right rear peripheral portion, and the left rear peripheral portion of the module 2.
  • the output power of the cell 200 may vary among the right front peripheral portion, the left front peripheral portion, the right rear peripheral portion, and the left rear peripheral portion of the module 2.
  • the cell 200 located in the right front peripheral portion of the module the cell 200 located in the right rear peripheral portion of the module 2, the cell 200 located in the left front peripheral portion of the module 2, and the module 2
  • the output power increases in the order of the cells 200 located in the peripheral portion on the left rear side of the above.
  • a plurality of units 500 include units 500B3, C3, D3, and E3 as in this example, the right front peripheral portion, the left front peripheral portion, the right rear peripheral portion, and the left rear peripheral portion of the module 2 are provided. Even if the output power of the cell 200 varies between the two, the output of the entire module 2 can be increased.
  • the output of the module 2 is 408.586048 Wh / m 2 in the example of FIG. 34. Therefore, when the plurality of cells 200 are divided into units 500A3, 500B3, 500C3, 500D3, 500E3, the output of the module 2 is increased by about 14%.
  • the plurality of units 500 of the module 2 mounted on the roof 101 are located in the unit 500A3 including the plurality of cells 200 located in the central portion of the module 2 and the peripheral portion of the module 2 on the right front side.
  • Unit 500B3 including a plurality of cells 200 to be used
  • the output of the module 2 can be further increased by including the unit 500D3 including the plurality of cells 200 and the unit 500E3 including the plurality of cells 200 located on the left rear side portion of the peripheral portion of the module 2.
  • the process of dividing the plurality of cells 200 into the plurality of units 500 may be performed by a person or by a computer device.
  • the control unit 330 described above may divide the plurality of cells 200 into a plurality of units 500 based on the normal direction of the plurality of cells 200 with respect to the cell light receiving surface 201.
  • the storage unit 332 of the control unit 330 stores, for example, the position information of each cell 200 and the information indicating the normal direction of each cell 200 with respect to the cell light receiving surface 201 in advance.
  • the control unit 330 may divide the plurality of cells 200 into a plurality of units 500 by using this information and, for example, a clustering technique.
  • the control unit 330 may use, for example, the K-means method or another algorithm as the clustering technique.
  • the control unit 330 uses a clustering technique to generate a plurality of cells 200 in which the angle formed by the normal direction with respect to the cell light receiving surface 201 and the direction perpendicular to the horizontal direction is equal to or less than a predetermined value and the positions are close to each other.
  • One group and the other cells 200 are different groups.
  • the control unit 330 sets one group as one unit 500.
  • the plurality of cells 200 located in the central portion of the module 2 are close to each other, and the cell light receiving surface 201 of the plurality of cells 200 faces in a direction perpendicular to the horizontal direction. Therefore, the plurality of cells 200 located in the central portion of the module 2 are grouped into one group, and the other cells 200 are grouped into another group.
  • the computer device can divide the plurality of cells 200 into two units 500 as in FIG. 32 described above.
  • control unit 330 uses a clustering technique to group a plurality of cells 200 into three groups so that the plurality of cells 200 having a normal direction close to the cell light receiving surface 201 and a position close to each other are grouped as one as possible. It may be divided into. In this case, the plurality of cells 200 located in the central portion of the module 2 are grouped into one group, and the plurality of cells 200 located at the right peripheral end of the module 2 are grouped into one group, and the left peripheral of the module 2 is combined. A plurality of cells 200 located at the ends can be grouped into one group. By making one group into one unit 500, the control unit 330 can divide the plurality of cells 200 into three units 500 in the same manner as in FIG. 33 described above.
  • control unit 330 uses a clustering technique to group a plurality of cells 200 into five groups so that the plurality of cells 200 having a normal direction close to the cell light receiving surface 201 and a position close to each other are grouped as one as possible. It may be divided into. In this case, the plurality of cells 200 located in the central portion of the module 2 are grouped into one group, and the plurality of cells 200 located at the peripheral end on the right front side of the module 2 are grouped into one group, and the left front of the module 2 is grouped.
  • the plurality of cells 200 located at the lateral peripheral end are grouped into one group, and the plurality of cells 200 located at the right rear peripheral end of the module 2 are grouped into one group, and the left rear lateral circumference of the module 2 is grouped.
  • the plurality of cells 200 located at the ends can be grouped into one group.
  • the control unit 330 can divide the plurality of cells 200 into five units 500 in the same manner as in FIG. 34 described above by forming one group as one unit 500.
  • the control device 3 may set the bypass for the plurality of cells 200 as in the above-described first embodiment.
  • the control device 3 sets the bypass for each unit 500, and the control device 3 determines the bypass setting for the plurality of cells 200 based on the total output of the plurality of cells 200 constituting the unit 500.
  • FIG. 35 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of the control device 3 in this case.
  • the control device 3 shown in FIG. 35 may be referred to as a control device 3A.
  • the control device 3A includes the above-mentioned control unit 330. Further, the control device 3A individually includes a unit configuration unit 700 including the above-mentioned bypass unit 300, connection switching unit 310, and current acquisition unit 320 for each unit 500.
  • the bypass unit 300 of each unit configuration unit 700 can individually bypass a plurality of cells 200 constituting the corresponding unit 500.
  • the connection switching unit 310 of each unit configuration unit 700 can individually switch whether or not to connect the cell 200 to another cell 200 in series for each cell 200 of the corresponding unit 500.
  • the current acquisition unit 320 of each unit component 700 can obtain the output current of each cell 200 of the corresponding unit 500.
  • the electrical connection relationship between the bypass unit 300, the connection switching unit 310, and the current acquisition unit 320 of the unit configuration unit 700 and each cell 200 of the unit 500 corresponding to the unit configuration unit 700 is, for example, the same as in FIG. 11 described above. Is.
  • the control unit 330 performs the above-mentioned setting process for each unit 500. That is, the control unit 330 determines the bypass setting for the plurality of cells 200 based on the total output of the plurality of cells 200 constituting the unit 500, and performs the determined bypass setting for the plurality of cells 200.
  • the setting process is performed for each unit 500.
  • the control unit 330 executes, for example, the setting process shown in FIG. 13 described above for each unit 500.
  • the setting process for a certain unit 500 will be described below with reference to FIG.
  • the unit 500 to be described may be referred to as a target unit 500.
  • step s1 of FIG. 13 the control unit 330 acquires the output current of each cell 200 of the target unit from the current acquisition unit 320 corresponding to the target unit 500.
  • step s2 the control unit 330 obtains the output of the target unit 500 when each cell 200 of the target unit 500 is not bypassed.
  • step s3 the control unit 330 selects one cell 200 having the smallest output current from the plurality of cells 200 of the target unit 500.
  • the control unit 330 selects any one of the plurality of cells 200 having the minimum output current.
  • step s4 the control unit 330 obtains the output of the target unit 500 when the cell 200 selected in step s3 is bypassed.
  • step s5 the control unit 330 further selects the cell 200 having the smallest output current from the portions other than all the cells 200 selected so far among the plurality of cells 200 of the target unit 500.
  • step s6 the control unit 330 obtains the output of the target cell 200 when all the selected cells 200 are bypassed.
  • step s7 the control unit 330 determines whether or not the current number of executions M of the third process 403 including the processes of steps s5 and s6 is N-2. If No is determined in step s7, steps s5 and s6 are executed again. On the other hand, if Yes is determined in step s7, step s8 is executed. The third process 403 is executed (N-2) times.
  • the control unit 330 outputs a portion of the plurality of cells 200 of the target unit 500, excluding the cell 200 selected in step s3 and the cell 200 selected in the first step s5. Select the cell 200 with the lowest current.
  • the control unit 330 bypasses the cell 200 selected in step s3, the cell 200 selected in the first step s5, and the cell 200 selected in the second step s5. Obtain the output power of the target unit 500.
  • the control unit 330 uses the cell 200 selected in step s3, the cell 200 selected in the first step s5, and the second step s5 among the plurality of cells 200 of the target unit 500. Among the parts other than the selected cell 200, the cell 200 having the smallest output current is selected.
  • the control unit 330 uses the cell 200 selected in step s3, the cell 200 selected in the first step s5, the cell 200 selected in the second step s5, and the third step s5. The output power of the target unit 500 when the cell 200 selected in step 2 is bypassed is obtained.
  • step s8 the control unit 330 specifies a bypass setting that provides the maximum output out of the N outputs that have been obtained so far. Then, the control unit 330 performs the specified bypass setting for the plurality of cells 200 of the target unit 500. At this time, the control unit 330 turns on each switch circuit 311 of the connection switching unit 310 corresponding to the target unit 500, and connects a plurality of cells 200 of the target unit 500 in series. As a result, a large output is taken out from the target unit 500.
  • FIG. 36 is a diagram showing an example of how the plurality of cells 200 shown in FIG. 12 described above are divided into three units 500A4, 500B4, 500C4 along the front-rear direction.
  • the unit 500A4 includes 35 plurality of cells 200 in the first to third cell rows 211 from the front side.
  • the unit 500B4 includes 31 plurality of cells 200 in the fourth to sixth cell rows 211 from the front side.
  • the unit 500C4 includes 37 plurality of cells 200 in the 7th to 10th cell rows 211 from the front side.
  • FIG. 37 is a diagram showing the results of individually setting processing for each of the plurality of units 500A4, 500B4, 500C4.
  • the cell 200 shown by the diagonal line in FIG. 37 is bypassed.
  • the output power of the bypassed cell 200 is 0.
  • the minimum output power of the non-bypassed cell 200 is 3.69 Wh / m 2
  • FIGS. 38 to 40 are diagrams showing an example of the rate of increase in module output due to the setting process in each aspect of how to divide the plurality of cells 200.
  • the meanings of "the number of units in the front-rear direction" and “the number of units in the left-right direction” shown in FIGS. 38 to 40 are the same as those in FIG. 29 described above.
  • the method of dividing the plurality of cells 200 determined by the number of units in the front-rear direction and the number of units in the left-right direction is the same as in FIG. 29.
  • FIGS. 38 to 40 when a plurality of cells 200 are divided by a method determined by the number of units in the front-rear direction and the number of units in the left-right direction, each unit 500 is individually set.
  • FIG. 38 shows an example of the values for the module 2 mounted on the roof 101 of the vehicle 100 existing in Japan with the front side facing east.
  • FIG. 39 shows an example of the value of the module 2 mounted on the roof 101 of the vehicle 100 existing in Japan with the front side facing south.
  • FIG. 40 shows an example of the value of the module 2 mounted on the roof 101 of the vehicle 100 existing in Japan with the front side facing north.
  • SDGs Sudden Development Goals
  • the solar cell system 1, the solar cell module 2, and the control device 3 have been described in detail, but the above description is an example in all aspects, and the disclosure is not limited thereto. ..
  • the various examples described above can be applied in combination as long as they do not contradict each other. And it is understood that innumerable examples not illustrated can be assumed without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

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  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
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Cited By (1)

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WO2022243069A1 (de) * 2021-05-19 2022-11-24 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e. V. Solarzellenmodul

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US20060225781A1 (en) * 2005-04-07 2006-10-12 Steve Locher Portable solar panel with attachment points
JP2012515452A (ja) * 2009-01-15 2012-07-05 フィスカー オートモーティブ インク． 車両のソーラーパワー
JP2012169581A (ja) * 2011-01-28 2012-09-06 Sharp Corp 光発電装置、光発電システム、および車両

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JP6380181B2 (ja) * 2015-03-18 2018-08-29 トヨタ自動車株式会社 太陽電池モジュール

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060225781A1 (en) * 2005-04-07 2006-10-12 Steve Locher Portable solar panel with attachment points
JP2012515452A (ja) * 2009-01-15 2012-07-05 フィスカー オートモーティブ インク． 車両のソーラーパワー
JP2012169581A (ja) * 2011-01-28 2012-09-06 Sharp Corp 光発電装置、光発電システム、および車両

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2022243069A1 (de) * 2021-05-19 2022-11-24 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e. V. Solarzellenmodul

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