WO2021093168A1 - 一种基于工业尾气-污水处理-绿色高性能土木功能材料协同处置的赤泥利用方法 - Google Patents

一种基于工业尾气-污水处理-绿色高性能土木功能材料协同处置的赤泥利用方法 Download PDF

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WO2021093168A1
WO2021093168A1 PCT/CN2020/072860 CN2020072860W WO2021093168A1 WO 2021093168 A1 WO2021093168 A1 WO 2021093168A1 CN 2020072860 W CN2020072860 W CN 2020072860W WO 2021093168 A1 WO2021093168 A1 WO 2021093168A1
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red mud
parts
sewage
agent
residue
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PCT/CN2020/072860
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English (en)
French (fr)
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李术才
李召峰
张健
林春金
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山东大学
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Priority to US17/283,333 priority Critical patent/US20220306536A1/en
Publication of WO2021093168A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021093168A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C04B28/08—Slag cements
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    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
    • C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
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    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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    • B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
    • B01D53/1456—Removing acid components
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    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
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    • C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
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    • C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
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    • C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
    • C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
    • C04B40/0046—Premixtures of ingredients characterised by their processing, e.g. sequence of mixing the ingredients when preparing the premixtures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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    • B01D2252/00—Absorbents, i.e. solvents and liquid materials for gas absorption
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of environmental science and cementitious material preparation, in particular to the related fields of solid waste-based cementitious material preparation, industrial tail gas utilization, and sewage treatment.
  • red mud The annual production of red mud in my country is 70 million tons per year, and the accumulated storage capacity is nearly 1 billion tons. The accumulation of a large amount of red mud has caused great harm to the environment and ecology, and it also contains a huge market potential for the utilization of solid waste resources. . Because of its large specific surface area and loose and porous structure, red mud is widely used in the field of sewage treatment. But the residue after sewage treatment is still a kind of solid waste that is harmful to the environment.
  • the present invention provides a red mud utilization method based on the co-processing of industrial exhaust gas-wastewater treatment-green high-performance civil functional materials.
  • the industrial exhaust gas is first used to treat the red mud, reduce the alkalinity of the red mud, and then prepare the red mud.
  • the process proposed by the present invention can solve the problem of industrial exhaust gas emission and the stacking problem of red mud-based sewage treatment agent, and prepare high-performance solid waste-based civil functional materials.
  • Red mud can adsorb Ca 2+ and Na during sewage treatment. + , SO 4 2- , Cl - plasma can improve the mechanical strength of red mud-based cementitious materials.
  • red mud-based green high-performance civil engineering functional cementitious material A red mud-based green high-performance civil engineering functional cementitious material.
  • the red mud is carbonized through industrial exhaust gas. Under the action of CO 2 , SO 2 and other acid gases in the tail gas, Na 2 O and K 2 O in the red mud , CaO and other alkaline components undergo carbonation reaction, thereby reducing the alkalinity of the red mud; then use the carbonized red mud to prepare a red mud-based sewage treatment agent for sewage treatment; finally use the red mud-based sewage treatment residue, according to the physical
  • the concept of synergistic and complementary chemical properties is used to prepare red mud-based green high-performance civil functional materials, which are composed of the following parts by weight: 10-90 parts of residue after red mud treatment of sewage, 20-60 parts of cementing agent, 2-8 parts of activator, Toxic element curing agent 1-5 parts.
  • the green building materials prepared in this application are an important way to realize large-scale recycling of solid waste, meet the development needs of the environmental protection industry and the green construction industry, and are also the inevitable requirements of "ecological civilization” and social “green development, recycling development, and low-carbon development” .
  • the research of this application found that the red mud is treated by carbonization, which can reduce the alkalinity of the red mud and avoid secondary pollution caused by the red mud in the process of sewage treatment. But when the pH value is too low, the adsorption performance of the red mud adsorbent will decrease, so the pH of the red mud treated should be around 8.
  • the carbonization pressure of red mud is 0.4-1.5 MPa
  • the carbonization temperature is 60-200°C.
  • the industrial exhaust gas can be one of power plant exhaust gas, iron and steel industry exhaust gas, and building materials industry exhaust gas.
  • the carbonization time is 6-24 hours to obtain the expected carbonization effect and improve the adsorption performance of red mud.
  • This application mainly uses the acid gas (CO 2 , SO 2, etc.) in the industrial tail gas to react with the alkaline substances in the red mud to make the pH value reach about 8. Therefore, in practical applications, the source, type and acid gas content of industrial exhaust gas are not particularly limited.
  • the red mud-based sewage treatment agent consists of 60-100 parts of carbonized red mud, 0-20 parts of fly ash, 3-5 parts of treatment agent, and the treatment agent is cetyl ammonium bromide and fatty amines. , One or more of linear alkyl benzene sulfonate, etc.
  • it is composed of the following parts by weight of raw materials: 10-50 parts of residue after red mud treatment of sewage, 20-40 parts of cementing agent, 2-5 parts of stimulant, and 1-3 parts of toxic element curing agent.
  • 10-50 parts of residue after red mud treatment of sewage 10-50 parts of residue after red mud treatment of sewage, 20-40 parts of cementing agent, 2-5 parts of stimulant, and 1-3 parts of toxic element curing agent.
  • the solid waste-based cementitious material prepared by the method proposed in the present invention can reach 29MPa, and the leaching amount of toxic elements such as heavy metals is far lower than the national standard requirement, and a solid waste-based cementitious material with good performance can be prepared.
  • red mud treatment of sewage does not specifically limit the specific method of red mud treatment of sewage and the source and type of sewage.
  • the preparation method of the red mud used to treat sewage is acidification, heat treatment of red mud, and use of modified
  • the red mud modified by the agent improves the compressive strength of solid waste-based cementitious materials and reduces the leaching amount of toxic elements.
  • the cement may be Portland cement, sulfoaluminate cement, ferro-aluminate cement, magnesium phosphate cement, aluminate
  • One or more of salt cements to control the setting time and curing strength of solid waste-based cementitious materials according to different engineering requirements.
  • the stimulant is one or more of hydroxide, silicate, sulfate, carbonate, and phosphate, and the prepared solid waste-based cementitious material is resistant to compression The strength is improved and the leaching amount of toxic elements is reduced.
  • the toxic element curing agent is a metal organic framework material, bentonite, fly ash, hydrotalcite, amino carboxylic acid or polyamine chelating agent, which effectively solidifies the heavy metal elements adsorbed in the red mud and avoids It pollutes the environment.
  • the invention also provides a preparation method of a red mud-based high-performance civil engineering functional cementitious material, including:
  • the residue after the sewage treatment by the red mud is uniformly mixed with other solid wastes, calcined, and ground to obtain a high-performance cementing material.
  • the preparation method of the present application has simple steps, high efficiency, stable product quality, and easy industrial production.
  • the mixing method is wet mixing; the materials are rotated in the container to form a semi-fluid and efficient mixing state, and the materials are dispersed by collision to achieve sufficient mixing.
  • the pulverized to a specific surface area of 300-320 m 2 /kg increases the specific surface area.
  • the invention also provides the application of any of the above-mentioned red mud-based high-performance civil functional cementitious materials in the construction of roads, bridges, underground projects or buildings.
  • Treating red mud through industrial exhaust gas can reduce the alkalinity of the red mud, reduce the secondary pollution caused by the red mud in the sewage treatment process, and improve the adsorption efficiency of the red mud on the pollutant components in the sewage.
  • the present invention proposes a utilization method for the residue after the red mud is treated by the red mud based on the utilization theory of synergy and complementarity (according to the composition of the solid waste, by combining different types of solid waste to obtain a constant chemical and mineral composition ratio).
  • the compressive strength of the solid waste-based cementitious material prepared by the method proposed in the present invention can reach 29MPa, and the leaching amount of toxic elements such as heavy metals (less than 3.0ppm) is far lower than the national standard requirement, and it can prepare good performance Solid waste-based cementitious materials.
  • the operation method of the present application is simple, low-cost, universal, and easy to scale production.
  • the present invention proposes a method for preparing green civil engineering functional materials by treating sewage residue with red mud.
  • red mud-based high-performance civil functional cementitious material a red mud-based high-performance civil functional cementitious material.
  • red mud is processed by industrial exhaust gas carbonization to prepare a red mud-based sewage treatment agent, and then 10-90 parts of the residue after the red mud treatment of the sewage, the cementing agent It is composed of 20-60 parts, 2-8 parts of stimulant, 1-5 parts of toxic element curing agent.
  • the residues from the sewage treated with red mud cooperate with other solid wastes to prepare high-performance cementing materials through high-temperature calcination, including 50-60 parts of red mud, 20-40 parts of steel slag, 10-30 parts of desulfurized gypsum, and calcium carbide slag 5-20 servings.
  • the red mud used to treat sewage can be Bayer red mud, sintered red mud and combined red mud;
  • the treated wastewater can be industrial wastewater, domestic wastewater and agricultural wastewater;
  • the cement can be one or more of Portland cement, sulphoaluminate cement, ferro-aluminate cement, magnesium phosphate cement and aluminate cement;
  • the stimulant is one or more of hydroxide, silicate, sulfate, carbonate, and phosphate;
  • the toxic element curing agent is metal organic framework material, bentonite, fly ash, hydrotalcite, amino carboxylic acid and polyamine chelating agent, etc.;
  • the calcination method is to mix the various solid waste wet methods, heat to 1350°C, keep for 3 hours, air cooling, natural cooling or water cooling to room temperature, and grind to a specific surface area of 300m 2 /kg, that is can.
  • a method for preparing green civil engineering functional materials from red mud treatment of sewage residues includes the following steps: (here the first step is to prepare raw materials, grind and sieve, and second The step is to prepare ingredients)
  • the red mud used is Bayer process red mud, which is dried and ground and passed through a 200-mesh sieve to prepare a slurry with a water-cement ratio of 1.0;
  • the prepared red mud-based sewage treatment agent is used to treat high-salt wastewater in the iron and steel smelting process (the main chemical composition is shown in Table 1), and the red mud and high-salt wastewater are mixed and stirred for 30 minutes (dosing concentration is 50g/L) After suction filtration and drying, set aside;
  • the test strength adopts the GBT 17671-1999 cement mortar strength test method, and the heavy metal leaching amount is tested according to GB/T 30810-2014. According to the test method, the performance indicators as shown in Table 2 are obtained:
  • test strength adopts the GBT 17671-1999 cement mortar strength test method, and the heavy metal leaching amount is tested according to GB/T 30810-2014, and the performance indicators as shown in Table 3 are obtained according to the test method:
  • test strength adopts the GBT 17671-1999 cement mortar strength test method, and the heavy metal leaching amount is tested according to GB/T 30810-2014, and the performance indicators shown in Table 4 are obtained according to the test method:

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Abstract

一种基于工业尾气-污水处理-土木功能材料协同处置的赤泥利用方法，属于环境科学及胶凝材料制备技术领域，尤其涉及固废基胶凝材料制备工艺。原料组成为赤泥处理污水后的残渣10-90份、胶结剂20-60份、激发剂2-8份、毒性元素固化剂1-5份；其中，赤泥处理污水后的残渣的制备方法为：将赤泥经工业尾气碳化后，制备成污水处理剂，处理污水后，收集赤泥处理污水后的残渣，即得。将处理污水的赤泥残渣协同其它固废，通过物理化学活化及高温煅烧的方式，制备出一种赤泥基土木功能材料。所制备的固废基胶凝材料抗压强度可达29MPa，重金属等毒性元素浸出量小于3.0ppm，低于国家规范要求。

Description

一种基于工业尾气-污水处理-绿色高性能土木功能材料协同处置的赤泥利用方法 技术领域
本发明属于环境科学及胶凝材料制备技术领域，尤其涉及基于固废基胶凝材料制备、工业尾气利用、污水治理相关领域。
背景技术
公开该背景技术部分的信息仅仅旨在增加对本发明的总体背景的理解，而不必然被视为承认或以任何形式暗示该信息构成已经成为本领域一般技术人员所公知的现有技术。
随着城市工业的快速发展，废水排放量日益增长，加剧了水体污染程度，根据全国数据显示，在2007年里，全国污水排放为657亿t，比2006年增加4％。其中，工业污水排放量236亿t，占污水总量的4.2％，比2006年增加2.5％。2007年，中国近30％的水域水质是劣V类，已经不可能被直接使用，废水污染问题亟待解决。
我国每年赤泥产生量达7000万吨/年，累计存储量近10亿吨，大量赤泥的堆存对环境和生态造成了巨大的危害，同时也蕴含了巨大的固废资源化利用市场潜力。赤泥因比表面积大、结构疏松多孔，被广泛应用于污水处理领域。但处理污水之后的残渣仍然是一种危害环境的固体废弃物。
此外，大量的基础交通工程建设需要大量的土木功能材料，目前传统硅酸盐水泥材料具有原料不可再生、制备能耗高等缺点，基础交通建设领域亟需低价高性的工程材料。
发明内容
为了克服上述问题，本发明提供了一种基于工业尾气-污水处理-绿色高性能土木功能材料协同处置的赤泥利用方法，首先利用工业尾气处理赤泥，降低赤泥碱度，进而制备赤泥基污水处理剂，然后利用处理污水之后的赤泥残渣制备绿色土木功能材料的工艺及方法。本发明提出的工艺能够解决工业尾气排放问题、赤泥基污水处理剂的堆存问题，制备出高性能的固废基土木功能材料，赤泥在处理污水过程中，可吸附Ca 2+、Na +、SO 4 2-、Cl -等离子，可以提高赤泥基胶凝材料的力学强度。
为实现上述技术目的，本发明采用的技术方案如下：
一种赤泥基绿色高性能土木功能胶凝材料，首先通过工业尾气对赤泥进行碳化处理，在尾气中CO 2、SO 2等酸性气体的作用下，赤泥中Na 2O、K 2O、CaO等碱性组分发生碳酸化反应，从而降低赤泥的碱度；然后利用碳化处置的赤泥制备赤泥基污水处理剂，进行污水处理； 最后利用赤泥基污水处理残渣，按照物理化学特性协同互补理念制备赤泥基绿色高性能土木功能材料，由如下重量份的原料组成：赤泥处理污水后的残渣10-90份、胶结剂20-60份、激发剂2-8份、毒性元素固化剂1-5份。
本申请制备的绿色建材是实现固废大规模资源化的重要途径，符合环保业和绿色建筑业的发展需求，也是“生态文明”和社会“绿色发展、循环发展、低碳发展”的必然要求。
本申请研究发现：通过碳化方式处理赤泥，可以降低赤泥碱性，避免赤泥处理污水过程中造成的二次污染。但是当pH值过低时，赤泥吸附剂的吸附性能会下降，因此处理的赤泥pH应为8左右。
本申请研究发现：碳化的压力、温度和时间等都会对赤泥的吸附性能产生影响。因此，在一些实施例中，赤泥的碳化压力为0.4-1.5MPa，碳化温度为60-200℃，工业尾气可为电厂尾气、钢铁行业尾气、建材工业等尾气中的一种，碳化时间为6-24小时，以获得预期的碳化效果，提高赤泥的吸附性能。
本申请主要利用工业尾气中酸性气体(CO 2、SO 2等)与赤泥中的碱性物质反应，使其pH值达到8左右。因此，实际应用中，对工业尾气的来源、种类和酸性气体含量并不作特殊限定。
在一些实施例中，赤泥基污水处理剂由碳化赤泥60-100份，粉煤灰0-20份，处理剂3-5份，处理剂为十六烷基溴化铵、脂肪胺类、直链烷基苯磺酸钠等中的一种或几种。
在一些实施例中，由如下重量份的原料组成：赤泥处理污水后的残渣10-50份、胶结剂20-40份、激发剂2-5份、毒性元素固化剂1-3份。基于协同互补(根据固废的成分，通过将不同种类的固废复配以得到恒定化学及矿物组成的比例)利用理论提出了赤泥处理污水后残渣的利用途径；经过系统的研究和实验摸索后，发现：上述配方制备的胶凝材料能够兼具抗压强度和低的毒性元素浸出量两方面的优势，具有较好的工业前景。
在一些实施例中，由如下重量份的原料组成：赤泥处理污水后的残渣50-90份、胶结剂40-60份、激发剂5-8份、毒性元素固化剂3-5份。本发明提出的方法制备的固废基胶凝材料抗压强度可达29MPa，重金属等毒性元素浸出量远低于国家规范要求，能够制备出性能良好的固废基胶凝材料。
本申请对赤泥处理污水的具体方法和污水的来源、类型并不作特殊的限定，在一些实施例中，所述用于处理污水的赤泥的制备方法为酸化、热处理赤泥以及使用改性剂改性后的赤泥，提高了固废基胶凝材料抗压强度、降低了毒性元素浸出量。
本申请对胶结剂的具体类型并不作特殊的限定，在一些实施例中，所述的胶结剂可为硅酸盐水泥、硫铝酸盐水泥、铁铝酸盐水泥、磷酸镁水泥、铝酸盐水泥中的一种或几种，以根据不同的工程要求，控制固废基胶凝材料的凝结时间、固化强度等指标。
研究发现：在赤泥处理污水后的残渣中加入一定量的激发剂，可以改善赤泥处理污水后的残渣的活性及水化产物的微观结构，增强固废基胶凝材料强度的同时，更好地固化赤泥中吸附的重金属离子。因此，在一些实施例中，所述的激发剂为氢氧化物、硅酸盐、硫酸盐、碳酸盐、磷酸盐中的一种或几种，所制备的固废基胶凝材料抗压强度提高、毒性元素浸出量减少。
在一些实施例中，所述的毒性元素固化剂为金属有机骨架材料、膨润土、粉煤灰、水滑石、氨基羧酸或多胺类螯合剂，有效地固化赤泥中吸附的重金属元素，避免其污染环境。
本发明还提供了一种赤泥基高性能土木功能胶凝材料的制备方法，包括：
将赤泥处理污水后的残渣与其他固废混合均匀，煅烧、粉磨，即得高性能胶凝材料。本申请的制备方法步骤简单、高效，产品质量稳定，易于工业化生产。
在一些实施例中，所述混合方法为湿法混合；使物料在容器内作旋转运动，形成半流动的高效混和状态，物料被碰撞分散达到充分的混和。
研究发现：煅烧可以提高固废基胶凝材料活性，利于其后续水化反应、成型。因此，在一些实施例中，所述煅烧条件为升温至1350～1400℃，保温2.5～3小时、冷却；固废基胶凝材料的强度提高，毒性元素浸出量减少。
在一些实施例中，所述粉磨至比表面积为300～320m 2/kg，增大比表面积。
本发明还提供了任一上述的赤泥基高性能土木功能胶凝材料在道路、桥梁、地下工程或建筑物建造中的应用。
本发明的有益效果在于：
(1)通过工业尾气处置赤泥，可以净化尾气，减少有毒气体排放。
(2)通过工业尾气处理赤泥，可以减低赤泥碱度，减少赤泥处理污水过程中造成的二次污染，并提高赤泥对污水中污染组分的吸附效率。
(3)本发明基于协同互补(根据固废的成分，通过将不同种类的固废复配以得到恒定化学及矿物组成的比例)利用理论提出了赤泥处理污水后残渣的利用途径。
(4)经过测试，本发明提出的方法制备的固废基胶凝材料抗压强度可达29MPa，重金属等毒性元素浸出量(小于3.0ppm)远低于国家规范要求，能够制备出性能良好的固废基胶凝 材料。
(5)本申请的操作方法简单、成本低、具有普适性，易于规模化生产。
具体实施方式
应该指出，以下详细说明都是例示性的，旨在对本申请提供进一步的说明。除非另有指明，本申请使用的所有技术和科学术语具有与本申请所属技术领域的普通技术人员通常理解的相同含义。
需要注意的是，这里所使用的术语仅是为了描述具体实施方式，而非意图限制根据本申请的示例性实施方式。如在这里所使用的，除非上下文另外明确指出，否则单数形式也意图包括复数形式，此外，还应当理解的是，当在本说明书中使用术语“包含”和/或“包括”时，其指明存在特征、步骤、操作、器件、组件和/或它们的组合。
正如背景技术所介绍的，针对工业尾气、赤泥等工业固废、污水难处理的问题，本发明提出一种赤泥处理污水残渣制备绿色土木功能材料的方法。包括：
一方面，一种赤泥基高性能土木功能胶凝材料，首先由赤泥经工业尾气碳化处置后制备赤泥基污水处理剂，再由赤泥处理污水后的残渣10-90份、胶结剂20-60份、激发剂2-8份、毒性元素固化剂1-5份组成。另一方面，赤泥处理污水后的残渣协同其他固废，通过高温煅烧，制备高性能胶凝材料，其中赤泥50-60份，钢渣20-40份，脱硫石膏10-30份，电石渣5-20份。
所述的用于处理污水的赤泥可为拜耳赤泥、烧结赤泥及联合法赤泥；
所述的处理的污水可为工业废水、生活污水及农业废水；
所述的胶结剂可为硅酸盐水泥、硫铝酸盐水泥、铁铝酸盐水泥、磷酸镁水泥、铝酸盐水泥中的一种或几种；
所述的激发剂为氢氧化物、硅酸盐、硫酸盐、碳酸盐、磷酸盐中的一种或几种；
所述的毒性元素固化剂为金属有机骨架材料、膨润土、粉煤灰、水滑石、氨基羧酸及多胺类螯合剂等；
所述的煅烧方法为将所述的多种固废湿法混合后，升温至1350℃，保温3小时，风冷、自然冷却或水冷至室温，粉磨至比表面积为300m 2/kg，即可。
以下通过具体的实施例对本申请的技术方案进行说明。
实施例1
基于权利要求书中提到的第一种技术方案，一种赤泥处理污水残渣制备绿色土木功能材 料的方法，包括如下步骤：(这里的第一步是准备原料，粉磨过筛，第二步是配料制备材料)
(1)所用赤泥为拜耳法赤泥，经烘干粉磨后过200目筛，制备成浆体，水灰比为1.0；
(2)调节碳化参数：压力0.8MPa，温度80℃，采用电厂工业尾气，碳化时间为8小时(使赤泥的pH值为8)，然后将碳化处置的赤泥烘干，粉磨，过300目筛，备用；
(3)制备污水处理剂：碳化处置赤泥90份，粉煤灰10份，十六烷基溴化铵4份，充分混合，备用；
(4)将制备的赤泥基污水处理剂用于处理钢铁冶炼过程中的高盐废水(主要化学组成见表1)，赤泥与高盐废水混合搅拌30min(投加浓度为50g/L)后抽滤烘干，备用；
表1 高盐废水化学组成
Figure PCTCN2020072860-appb-000001
(2)将处理污水后的赤泥残渣、普硅水泥、硅酸钠、膨润土烘干至含水率小于1％，粉磨，过200目筛；
(3)称取赤泥60份，普硅水泥20份，硅酸钠10份，膨润土6份，加水至水灰比为0.4，搅拌30s，浇筑试模，测试强度、凝结时间等参数。
测试强度采用GBT 17671-1999水泥胶砂强度检验方法，重金属浸出量按GB/T 30810-2014进行试验，按照试验方法获得如表2性能指标：
表2 性能测试结果
Figure PCTCN2020072860-appb-000002
实施例2
(1)将处理污水后的赤泥残渣(与实施例1相同)、粒化高炉矿渣、硅酸钠、膨润土烘干至含水率小于1％，粉磨，过200目筛；
(2)称取赤泥40份，粒化高炉矿渣50份，氢氧化钠10份，粉煤灰5份，加水至水灰比为0.4，搅拌30s浇筑试模，测试强度、凝结时间等参数。
测试强度采用GBT 17671-1999水泥胶砂强度检验方法，重金属浸出量按GB/T 30810-2014进行试验，按照试验方法获得如表3性能指标：
表3 性能测试结果
Figure PCTCN2020072860-appb-000003
实施例3
(1)称取赤泥50份，钢渣25份，脱硫石膏20份，电石渣10份，加水至水灰比为0.6，混合均匀；
(2)将混合后的样品煅烧至1350℃，保温3h，水冷后烘干；
(3)将煅烧后的样品粉磨至比表面积为400m 2/kg，加水至水灰比为0.4，搅拌30s，浇筑试块，并测试强度、凝结时间等参数。
测试强度采用GBT 17671-1999水泥胶砂强度检验方法，重金属浸出量按GB/T 30810-2014进行试验，按照试验方法获得如表4性能指标：
表4 性能测试结果
Figure PCTCN2020072860-appb-000004
最后应该说明的是，以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，其依然可以对前述实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分进行等同替换。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。上述虽然对本发明的具体实施方式进行了描述，但并非对本发明保护范围的限制，所属领域技术人员应该明白，在本发明的技术方案的基础上，本领域技术人员不需要付出创造性劳动即可做出的各种修改或变形仍在本发明的保护范围以内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种赤泥基绿色高性能土木功能胶凝材料，其特征在于，由如下重量份的原料组成：赤泥处理污水后的残渣10-90份、胶结剂20-60份、激发剂2-8份、毒性元素固化剂1-5份；
    其中，赤泥处理污水后的残渣的制备方法为：将赤泥经工业尾气碳化后，制备成污水处理剂，处理污水后，收集赤泥处理污水后的残渣，即得。
  2. 权利要求1所述的赤泥基绿色高性能土木功能胶凝材料，其特征在于，所述碳化处理中，压力为0.4-1.5MPa，碳化温度为60-200℃，碳化时间为6-24小时，工业尾气为电厂尾气、钢铁行业尾气、建材工业尾气中的一种。
  3. 权利要求1所述的赤泥基绿色高性能土木功能胶凝材料，其特征在于，所述赤泥基污水处理剂由如下重量份的原料组成：碳化赤泥60-100份，增强剂0-20份，表明活性剂3-5份；
    优选的，增强剂为粉煤灰、矿粉、煤矸石、硅酸盐水泥等中的一种或几种。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的赤泥基绿色高性能土木功能胶凝材料，其特征在于，由如下重量份的原料组成：赤泥处理污水后的残渣10-50份、胶结剂20-40份、激发剂2-5份、毒性元素固化剂1-3份；
    或由如下重量份的原料组成：赤泥处理污水后的残渣50-90份、胶结剂40-60份、激发剂5-8份、毒性元素固化剂3-5份。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的赤泥基绿色高性能土木功能胶凝材料，其特征在于，所述用于处理污水的赤泥的制备方法为酸化、热处理赤泥以及使用改性剂改性后的赤泥。
  6. 如权利要求1-4任一项所述的赤泥基绿色高性能土木功能胶凝材料，其特征在于，所述的胶结剂为硅酸盐水泥、硫铝酸盐水泥、铁铝酸盐水泥、磷酸镁水泥、铝酸盐水泥中的一种或几种；
    或所述的激发剂为氢氧化物、硅酸盐、硫酸盐、碳酸盐、磷酸盐中的一种或几种。
  7. 如权利要求1-4任一项所述的赤泥基绿色高性能土木功能胶凝材料，其特征在于，所述的毒性元素固化剂为金属有机骨架材料、膨润土、粉煤灰、水滑石、氨基羧酸或多胺类螯合剂。
  8. 一种基于工业尾气-污水处理-绿色高性能土木功能材料协同处置的赤泥利用方法，其特征在于，包括：
    将赤泥经工业尾气碳化后，制备成污水处理剂，处理污水后，收集赤泥处理污水后的残渣；
    将赤泥处理污水后的残渣与其他固废混合均匀，煅烧、粉磨，即得高性能胶凝材料。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的基于工业尾气-污水处理-绿色高性能土木功能材料协同处置的赤泥利用方法，其特征在于，所述混合方法为湿法混合；
    或所述煅烧条件为升温至1350～1400℃，保温2.5～3小时、冷却；
    或所述粉磨至比表面积为300～320m 2/kg。
  10. 如权利要求1-7任一项所述的赤泥基绿色高性能土木功能胶凝材料在道路、桥梁、地下工程或建筑物建造中的应用。
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