WO2021082153A1 - 一种波能分子振荡集热器 - Google Patents

一种波能分子振荡集热器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021082153A1
WO2021082153A1 PCT/CN2019/121392 CN2019121392W WO2021082153A1 WO 2021082153 A1 WO2021082153 A1 WO 2021082153A1 CN 2019121392 W CN2019121392 W CN 2019121392W WO 2021082153 A1 WO2021082153 A1 WO 2021082153A1
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Prior art keywords
dielectric
heat collector
powdered
wave energy
metal tube
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PCT/CN2019/121392
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English (en)
French (fr)
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田言平
唐仁妹
田浩骅
徐晶
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Shanghai Amz Polymer Materials Technology Development Co Ltd
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Shanghai Amz Polymer Materials Technology Development Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
    • H05B6/80—Apparatus for specific applications
    • H05B6/802—Apparatus for specific applications for heating fluids

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of heaters, in particular to a wave energy molecular oscillation heat collector.
  • Hot water is essential in life. In the southern part of my country, many families choose to install water heaters to heat cold water and obtain hot water through the heat generated by the combustion of electricity, solar energy, natural gas or gas; while in the northern part of my country, hot water is supplied through thermal power stations.
  • the efficiency of electric energy is low, and solar energy is greatly affected by weather and climate.
  • the combustion of natural gas, gas and coal will produce carbon dioxide, especially the combustion of coal, which will cause air pollution and form haze. , Acid rain and other hazards.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-efficiency and environmentally friendly wave energy molecular oscillating heat collector, and to overcome the above-mentioned defects in the prior art.
  • the present application provides a wave energy molecular oscillation heat collector.
  • the heat collector includes a dielectric housing, a finned metal tube, a microwave generator, and a powdered dielectric.
  • the metal tube is installed inside the dielectric housing, the microwave generator is fixed outside the dielectric housing, and the powdered dielectric is filled inside the dielectric housing.
  • the powdered dielectric includes a first material and a second material.
  • the first material is a powdered silicon powder
  • the second material is a powdered carbon powder
  • the first material is a powdered carbon powder.
  • the mass ratio of the first material to the second material is (1 ⁇ 4):1.
  • the powdered dielectric includes a third material, the third material is boron, and the mass ratio of the third material in the powdered dielectric does not exceed 5%.
  • the particle size of the powdered dielectric is 80-500 mesh.
  • the finned metal tube is provided with an inlet and an outlet, and the distribution of the finned metal tube inside the dielectric housing is spiral, spiral, or serpentine. , Or a combination of them.
  • the material of the finned metal tube is a metal tube
  • the material of the dielectric housing is a solid sintered with carbon powder and silicon powder
  • the sintering temperature is 2000-2400°C.
  • a metal shielding shell and a heat preservation layer are sequentially provided on the outside of the dielectric housing, and the microwave generator is fixed between the metal shielding housing and the dielectric housing.
  • the microwave generator generates microwaves with a frequency of 300 MHz to 300 GHz.
  • the shape of the dielectric housing is a cube, a rectangular parallelepiped, a cylinder, or a prism.
  • the electrothermal conversion efficiency of the dielectric is 98% and above.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • Figure 1 is a schematic side view of the heat collector in Example 1;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the spiral fin type metal tube in Embodiment 2;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a serpentine and spiral finned metal tube in embodiment 3
  • 1 is a dielectric casing
  • 2 is a finned metal tube
  • 3 is a powdered dielectric
  • 4 is a microwave generator
  • 5 is a metal shielding casing
  • 6 is a heat preservation layer.
  • the present application provides a wave energy molecular oscillation heat collector
  • the heat collector includes a dielectric shell, a finned metal tube, a microwave generator and a powdered dielectric, wherein the fin
  • the sheet metal tube is installed inside the dielectric housing
  • the microwave generator is fixed on the outside of the dielectric housing and the inner wall of the metal shielding housing
  • the powdered dielectric is filled inside the dielectric housing.
  • the microwave generator generates microwaves and propagates in the dielectric housing and its interior, causing molecular oscillations of the dielectric to generate heat.
  • the dielectric transfers the heat to the medium in the finned metal tube, such as water, and then passes through the medium. Transfer heat to external use.
  • the powdered dielectric includes a first material and a second material.
  • the first material is a powdered silicon powder
  • the second material is a powdered carbon powder
  • the first material is a powdered silicon powder.
  • the mass ratio of the material to the second material is (1 ⁇ 4):1.
  • This type of material has a high dielectric loss coefficient, can absorb microwaves and generate heat at room temperature; and its physical and chemical properties are stable and have a long service life.
  • the powdered dielectric includes a third material, the third material is boron, and the mass ratio of the third material in the powdered dielectric does not exceed 5%.
  • the particle size of the powdered dielectric is 80-500 mesh. The test results show that the particle size of the powdered dielectric is too large or too small, and the heating efficiency is not high, while the powdered dielectric under the particle size condition of the present invention has a higher heating efficiency.
  • the finned metal tube is provided with an inlet and an outlet, and the distribution form of the finned metal tube inside the dielectric housing is vortex, spiral, serpentine or It's a combination of them.
  • the material of the finned metal tube is a metal tube
  • the material of the dielectric casing is a solid sintered with carbon powder and silicon powder
  • the sintering temperature is 2000-2400°C.
  • the material of the dielectric case is the same as that of the powdered dielectric, but it is cured by sintering to prevent the powdered dielectric from leaking out.
  • the microwave generator When the microwave generator generates microwaves, the dielectric shell and powdered dielectric generate heat and transfer it to the cold medium in the finned metal tube.
  • the finned metal tube uses a metal tube with high thermal conductivity.
  • a metal shielding shell and a heat insulating layer are sequentially provided on the outside of the dielectric housing, and the microwave generator is fixed between the metal shielding housing and the dielectric housing.
  • the metal shielding shell can prevent the leakage of microwaves and cause harm to the surroundings, and the insulation layer can reduce the heat loss.
  • the metal shielding shells and metal pipes used in this application are common metals, such as iron, copper, aluminum, etc., and the thermal insulation layers used are also common thermal insulation materials.
  • the microwave generator generates microwaves with a frequency of 300 MHz to 300 GHz.
  • a wave energy molecular oscillating heat collector whose structure is shown in Figure 1. It includes a dielectric shell 1, a copper serpentine finned metal tube 2, a microwave generator 4, a powdered dielectric 3, and a metal shielding shell 5 and the insulation layer 6, wherein the serpentine finned metal tube 2 is installed inside the dielectric housing 1, the powdered dielectric 3 is filled inside the dielectric housing 1, and the metal shielding housing 5 is fixed on the outside of the dielectric housing 1.
  • the thermal insulation layer 6 is fixed on the outside of the metal shielding shell 5, and the microwave generator 4 is fixed on the outside of the dielectric shell 1 and the inner wall of the metal shielding shell 5.
  • the powdered dielectric 3 and the dielectric shell 1 are made of the same material, including silicon powder and carbon.
  • the powdered dielectric 3 in which the mass ratio of silicon powder and carbon powder is 4:1, wherein the powdered dielectric 3 has a particle size of 80 mesh and is filled inside the dielectric housing; the dielectric housing 1 is composed of silicon powder and carbon powder Sintered at 2000°C.
  • the frequency of the microwaves generated by the microwave generator 4 is 2450 MHz.
  • the dielectric housing 1 and the powdered dielectric 3 may further include a third material, the third material is boron, and the mass ratio of the third material in the powdered dielectric does not exceed 5%.
  • the microwave generator When in use, the microwave generator is energized, and water is passed into the water inlet of the serpentine finned metal tube 2, the heat of the water from the finned metal tube inlet to the finned metal tube outlet is calculated, and then the power consumption is compared Yes, the electrothermal conversion rate of the wave energy molecular oscillation heat collector of this embodiment is 98.5% and above, which is much higher than that of the commercially available water heater.
  • a wave energy molecular oscillating heat collector comprising a dielectric shell, a copper vortex-shaped finned metal tube, a microwave generator, a powdered dielectric, a metal shielding shell, and an insulation layer, wherein the vortex-shaped fin
  • the metal tube is installed inside the dielectric housing, the powdered dielectric is filled inside the dielectric housing, the metal shielding housing is fixed on the outside of the dielectric housing, the insulation layer is fixed outside the metal shielding housing, and the microwave generator is fixed on the metal shielding housing.
  • the inner wall of the body, the powdered dielectric and the dielectric housing are made of the same material, including silicon powder and carbon powder. The mass ratio of silicon powder to carbon powder is 2:1.
  • the particle size of the powdered dielectric is 200 meshes. It is filled inside the dielectric housing; the dielectric housing is made by sintering silicon powder and carbon powder at 2100°C.
  • the frequency of the microwaves generated by the microwave generator 4 is 2450 MHz.
  • the structure of the vortex-shaped finned metal tube is shown in Figure 2.
  • the dielectric housing 1 and the powdered dielectric 3 may further include a third material, the third material is boron, and the mass ratio of the third material in the powdered dielectric does not exceed 5%.
  • a wave energy molecular oscillating heat collector whose structure or a combination of serpentine and spiral is shown in Figure 3, comprising a dielectric housing 1, a finned metal tube 2, a microwave generator 4, and a powdered dielectric 3, Metal shielding shell 5 and insulation layer 6, cooling medium is passed into the inlet and outlet, finned metal tube 2 is installed inside the dielectric shell 1, powdered dielectric 3 is filled inside the dielectric shell 1, and the metal shielding shell 5 is fixed On the outside of the dielectric housing 1, the insulation layer 6 is fixed on the outside of the metal shielding housing 5, and the microwave generator 4 is fixed on the inner wall of the metal shielding housing 5.
  • the powdered dielectric 3 and the dielectric housing 1 are made of the same material, including silicon powder And carbon powder, in which the mass ratio of silicon powder and carbon powder is 4:1, wherein the powdered dielectric 3 has a particle size of 500 meshes and is filled inside the dielectric housing; the dielectric housing 1 is composed of carbon powder and silicon The powder is sintered at 2000°C.
  • the frequency of the microwaves generated by the microwave generator 4 is 2450 MHz.
  • the dielectric housing 1 and the powdered dielectric 3 may further include a third material, the third material is boron, and the mass ratio of the third material in the powdered dielectric does not exceed 5%.
  • the electric heat conversion efficiency of the collector is 99% and above.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Constitution Of High-Frequency Heating (AREA)

Abstract

一种波能分子振荡集热器，包括电介质壳体(1)、翅片式金属管(2)、微波发生器(4)和粉末状电介质(3)，其中，所述翅片式金属管(2)安装在电介质壳体(1)内部，所述微波发生器(4)固定在电介质壳体(1)外部，所述粉末状电介质(3)填充在电介质壳体(1)内部。与现有技术相比，所述集热器无污染，且产热效率高。

Description

一种波能分子振荡集热器 技术领域
本发明涉及加热器技术领域，具体涉及一种波能分子振荡集热器。
背景技术
热水，在生活中是必不可少的。在我国的南方地区，很多家庭会选择安装热水器，通过电能、太阳能、天然气或煤气燃烧产生的热能来加热冷水，获取热水；而在我国的北方区域，通过火力发电站集中供应热水。但是，上述几种加热方式中，电能的效率较低，太阳能受到天气、气候的影响较大，天然气、煤气及煤的燃烧会产生二氧化碳，尤其是煤的燃烧，会造成空气污染，形成雾霾、酸雨等危害。
因此，寻求一种高效、无污染的加热器就很有必要。
发明内容
本发明的目的就是为了提供高效、环保的波能分子振荡集热器，而克服上述现有技术存在的缺陷。
为了实现本发明之目的，本申请提供以下技术方案。
在第一方面中，本申请提供一种波能分子振荡集热器，所述集热器包括电介质壳体、翅片式金属管、微波发生器和粉末状电介质，其中，所述翅片式金属管安装在电介质壳体内部，所述微波发生器固定在电介质壳体外部，所述粉末状电介质填充在电介质壳体内部。
在本发明的一个实施例中，所述粉末状电介质包括第一材料和第二材料，所述第一材料为粉末状硅粉体，所述第二材料为粉末状碳粉体，所述第一材料和第二材料的质量比为(1～4)：1。
在本发明的一个实施例中，所述粉末状电介质包括第三材料，所述第三材料为硼，所述第三材料在粉末状电介质中的质量比不超过5％。
在本发明的一个实施例中，所述粉末状电介质的粒径为80～500目。
在本发明的一个实施例中，所述翅片式金属管设有一个入口和一个出口，且所述翅片式金属管在电介质壳体内部的分布形式为涡状形、螺旋形、蛇形，或者是它们的结合体。
在本发明的一个实施例中，所述翅片式金属管的材质为金属管，所述电介质壳体的材质为碳粉体和硅粉体烧结的固体，烧结温度2000～2400℃。
在本发明的一个实施例中，所述电介质壳体的外部依次设有金属屏蔽壳体和保温层，所述微波发生器固定在金属屏蔽壳体和电介质壳体之间。
在本发明的一个实施例中，所述微波发生器产生频率为300MHz至300GHz的微波。
在本发明的一个实施例中，所述电介质壳体的形状为正方体、长方体、圆柱体或棱柱体。
在本发明的一个实施例中，所述电介质的电热转化效率为98％及以上。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果在于：
(1)通过微波振荡电介质的分子产生热量，无污染；
(2)产热效率高，电热转换率高达98％及以上。
附图说明
图1为实施例1中集热器的侧面示意图；
图2为实施例2中涡状翅片式金属管的示意图；
图3为实施例3中蛇形与螺旋形结合体翅片式金属管的示意图
在附图1中，1为电介质壳体，2为翅片式金属管，3为粉末状电介质，4为微波发生器，5为金属屏蔽壳体，6为保温层。
具体实施方式
除非另作定义，在本说明书和权利要求书中使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本发明所属技术领域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常意义。本文中列举的所有的从最低值到最高值之间的数值，是指当最低值和最高值之间相差两个单位以上时，最低值与最高值之间以一个单位为增量得到的所有数值。
以下将结合附图描述本发明的具体实施方式，需要指出的是，在这些实施方式的具体描述过程中，为了进行简明扼要的描述，本说明书不可能对实际的实施方式 的所有特征均作详尽的描述。在不偏离本发明的精神和范围的情况下，本领域技术人员可以对本发明的实施方式进行修改和替换，所得实施方式也在本发明的保护范围之内。
传统的加热器加热效率低，或者会产生污染。本申请之目的在于提供一种高效、环保的波能分子振荡集热器。
在一种具体实施方式中，本申请提供一种波能分子振荡集热器，所述集热器包括电介质壳体、翅片式金属管、微波发生器和粉末状电介质，其中，所述翅片式金属管安装在电介质壳体内部，所述微波发生器固定在电介质壳体外部、金属屏蔽壳体内壁，所述粉末状电介质填充在电介质壳体内部。在本发明中，微波发生器产生微波，并在电介质壳体及其内部传播，引起电介质的分子振荡，从而产生热量，电介质将热量传递给翅片式金属管内的介质，如水，然后通过该介质将热量传递至外部使用。
在一种具体实施方式中，所述粉末状电介质包括第一材料和第二材料，所述第一材料为粉末状硅粉体，所述第二材料为粉末状碳粉体，所述第一材料和第二材料的质量比为(1～4)：1。该类物质具有较高的介电损耗系数，在室温条件下即可吸收微波而产生热量；而且其理化性能稳定，使用寿命较长。
所述粉末状电介质包括第三材料，所述第三材料为硼，所述第三材料在粉末状电介质中的质量比不超过5％。
在一种具体实施方式中，所述粉末状电介质的粒径为80～500目。经试验结果显示，粉末状电介质的粒径太大或太小，发热效率均不高，而在本发明所述粒径条件下的粉末状电介质，发热效率更高。
在一种具体实施方式中，所述翅片式金属管设有一个入口和一个出口，且所述翅片式金属管在电介质壳体内部的分布形式为涡状形、螺旋形、蛇形或是它们的结合体。
在一种具体实施方式中，所述翅片式金属管的材质为金属管，所述电介质壳体的材质为碳粉体和硅粉体烧结的固体，烧结温度2000～2400℃。电介质壳体的材质和粉末状电介质相同，但通过烧结固化，防止粉末状电介质泄露出来。当微波发生器产生微波后，电介质壳体和粉末状电介质产热，并传递给翅片式金属管内的冷介质，翅片式金属管采用金属管，导热系数高。
在一种具体实施方式中，所述电介质壳体的外部依次设有金属屏蔽壳体和保温 层，所述微波发生器固定在金属屏蔽壳体和电介质壳体之间。设置金属屏蔽壳体，可以防止微波外泄，对周围事物造成危害，而保温层能减少热量损失。本申请采用的金属屏蔽壳体、金属管为常见金属，如铁、铜、铝等，采用的保温层也是常见保温材料。
在第一方面的一种实施方式中，所述微波发生器产生频率为300MHz至300GHz的微波。
实施例
下面将结合附图对本发明的实施例作详细说明，本实施例在以本发明技术方案为前提下进行实施，给出了详细的实施方式和具体的操作过程，但本发明的保护范围不限于下述的实施例。
实施例1
一种波能分子振荡集热器，其结构如图1所示，包括电介质壳体1、铜制的蛇形翅片式金属管2、微波发生器4、粉末状电介质3、金属屏蔽壳体5和保温层6，其中，蛇形翅片式金属管2安装在电介质壳体1内部，粉末状电介质3填充在电介质壳体1内部，金属屏蔽壳体5固定在电介质壳体1的外部，保温层6固定在金属屏蔽壳体5外部，微波发生器4固定在电介质壳体1外部、金属屏蔽壳体5的内壁，粉末状电介质3和电介质壳体1的材质相同，包括硅粉末和碳粉末，其中硅粉末和碳粉末的质量比为4:1，其中，粉末状电介质3的粒径为80目，填充在电介质壳体内部；电介质壳体1由硅粉末和碳粉末在2000℃下烧结而成。微波发生器4产生的微波的频率为2450MHz。电介质壳体1和粉末状电介质3中还可以包括第三材料，所述第三材料为硼，所述第三材料在粉末状电介质中的质量比不超过5％。
使用时，微波发生器通电，并将水通入蛇形翅片式金属管2的进水口，计算水从翅片式金属管入口到翅片式金属管出口的热量，然后比对所耗电能，本实施例波能分子振荡集热器的电热转化率为98.5％及以上，远高于市售热水器。
实施例2
一种波能分子振荡集热器，包括电介质壳体、铜制的涡状形翅片式金属管、微波发生器、粉末状电介质、金属屏蔽壳体和保温层，其中，涡状形翅片式金属管安装在电介质壳体内部，粉末状电介质填充在电介质壳体内部，金属屏蔽壳体固定在电介质壳体的外部，保温层固定在金属屏蔽壳体外部，微波发生器固定在金属屏蔽壳体的内壁，粉末状电介质和电介质壳体的材质相同，包括硅粉末和碳粉末，其中 硅粉末和碳粉末的质量比为2:1，其中，粉末状电介质的粒径为200目，填充在电介质壳体内部；电介质壳体由硅粉末和碳粉末在2100℃下烧结而成。微波发生器4产生的微波的频率为2450MHz。其中，涡状形翅片式金属管的结构如图2所示。电介质壳体1和粉末状电介质3中还可以包括第三材料，所述第三材料为硼，所述第三材料在粉末状电介质中的质量比不超过5％。
经测试，该集热器的电热转化效率为98％及以上。
实施例3
一种波能分子振荡集热器，其结构或是蛇形与螺旋形结合体如图3所示，包括电介质壳体1、翅片式金属管2、微波发生器4、粉末状电介质3、金属屏蔽壳体5和保温层6，进口和出口通入冷却介质，翅片式金属管2安装在电介质壳体1内部，粉末状电介质3填充在电介质壳体1内部，金属屏蔽壳体5固定在电介质壳体1的外部，保温层6固定在金属屏蔽壳体5外部，微波发生器4固定在金属屏蔽壳体5的内壁，粉末状电介质3和电介质壳体1的材质相同，包括硅粉末和碳粉末，其中硅粉末和碳粉末的质量比为4:1，其中，粉末状电介质3的粒径为500目，填充在电介质壳体内部；电介质壳体1由碳粉末和硅粉末在2000℃下烧结而成。微波发生器4产生的微波的频率为2450MHz。电介质壳体1和粉末状电介质3中还可以包括第三材料，所述第三材料为硼，所述第三材料在粉末状电介质中的质量比不超过5％。
经测试，该集热器的电热转化效率为99％及以上。
上述对实施例的描述是为了便于本技术领域的普通技术人员能理解和应用本申请。熟悉本领域技术的人员显然可以容易地对这些实施例做出各种修改，并把在此说明的一般原理应用到其它实施例中而不必付出创造性的劳动。因此，本申请不限于这里的实施例，本领域技术人员根据本申请披露的内容，在不脱离本申请范围和精神的情况下做出的改进和修改都在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种波能分子振荡集热器，其特征在于，所述集热器包括电介质壳体、翅片式金属管、微波发生器和粉末状电介质，其中，所述翅片式金属管安装在电介质壳体内部，所述微波发生器固定在电介质壳体外部，所述粉末状电介质填充在电介质壳体内部。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的波能分子振荡集热器，其特征在于，所述粉末状电介质包括第一材料和第二材料，所述第一材料为粉末状硅粉体，所述第二材料为粉末状碳粉体，所述第一材料和第二材料的质量比为(1～4)：1。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的波能分子振荡集热器，其特征在于，所述粉末状电介质包括第三材料，所述第三材料为硼，所述第三材料在粉末状电介质中的质量比不超过5％。
  4. 如权利要求1～3任一所述的波能分子振荡集热器，其特征在于，所述粉末状电介质的粒径为80～500目。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的波能分子振荡集热器，其特征在于，所述翅片式金属管设有一个入口和一个出口，且所述翅片式金属管在电介质壳体内部的分布形式为涡状形、螺旋形、蛇形。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的波能分子振荡集热器，其特征在于，所述翅片式金属管为涡状形、螺旋形、蛇形中任意两种或三种的结合体。
  7. 如权利要求1或5或6所述的波能分子振荡集热器，其特征在于，所述翅片式金属管的材质为金属管，所述电介质壳体的材质为碳粉体和硅粉体烧结的固体，烧结温度2000～2400℃。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的波能分子振荡集热器，其特征在于，所述电介质壳体的外部依次设有金属屏蔽壳体和保温层，所述微波发生器固定在金属屏蔽壳体和电介质壳体之间。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的波能分子振荡集热器，其特征在于，所述微波发生器产生频率为300MHz至300GHz的微波。
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