WO2021057535A1 - 磁悬浮装置及其直线运动机构 - Google Patents

磁悬浮装置及其直线运动机构 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021057535A1
WO2021057535A1 PCT/CN2020/115204 CN2020115204W WO2021057535A1 WO 2021057535 A1 WO2021057535 A1 WO 2021057535A1 CN 2020115204 W CN2020115204 W CN 2020115204W WO 2021057535 A1 WO2021057535 A1 WO 2021057535A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
threaded
base
linear motion
motion mechanism
displacement bracket
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PCT/CN2020/115204
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李良清
王晓冰
Original Assignee
肇庆市衡艺实业有限公司
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Application filed by 肇庆市衡艺实业有限公司 filed Critical 肇庆市衡艺实业有限公司
Priority to US17/641,972 priority Critical patent/US20220311362A1/en
Priority to JP2022517314A priority patent/JP2022548675A/ja
Priority to EP20870057.5A priority patent/EP4037177A4/en
Publication of WO2021057535A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021057535A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/06—Means for converting reciprocating motion into rotary motion or vice versa
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H02N15/00—Holding or levitation devices using magnetic attraction or repulsion, not otherwise provided for
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
    • H02K7/116—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with gears
    • H02K7/1163—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with gears where at least two gears have non-parallel axes without having orbital motion
    • H02K7/1166—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with gears where at least two gears have non-parallel axes without having orbital motion comprising worm and worm-wheel

Definitions

  • the present invention generally relates to magnetic levitation devices.
  • Existing magnetic levitation devices such as magnetic levitation desk lamps, speakers, or globes, generally include a magnetic levitation base and a suspension. Both the base and the suspension contain magnets, and the magnets in the base can suspend the suspension at a predetermined distance above it through magnetic action (such as magnetic repulsion) to produce a floating fantasy visual effect, which is deeply loved by people.
  • patent documents WO2016/202187A1, CN104901587A, CN204687868U, CN205666775U, etc. disclose a magnetic levitation device including a base and a suspension.
  • the base contains a magnetic levitation mechanism and a lifter.
  • the magnetic levitation mechanism with ring magnets is placed on the lifter and lifted accordingly. Realize the automatic suspension or fall of the suspended body relative to the base.
  • CN102315805A and CN207202600U also disclose a lifting mechanism similar to a magnetic levitation device. Due to the simple stacking of the magnetic levitation mechanism and the lifting mechanism, the height of the entire base is significantly increased, which is not conducive to the miniaturization of the entire device.
  • CN102570927A or CN202503460U also discloses another lifting mechanism for similar magnetic levitation devices, in which a lifting mechanism with a lifting column and a pallet rack directly protrudes from the upper surface of the base to lift the suspension.
  • This structure makes the integration of the base worse and destroys the wonderful ornamental performance presented by the automatic suspension of the suspended body.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a magnetic levitation device, the levitation body of which can not only realize automatic levitation, but also has a simple and compact structure.
  • ring magnet includes a single ring magnet and a combination of multiple magnets arranged in a ring
  • threaded column or can also be called a straight screw, can refer to either a column with internal threads or external threads Column
  • threaded column mounted non-displaceably relative to the base means that the threaded column is not movable relative to the base but does not exclude the rotation of the threaded column around its own longitudinal axis of rotation
  • laclacement includes but is not limited to vertical lifting motion.
  • magnet and “magnet” have the same meaning, and both refer to a magnetic component formed with N and S poles, which can be constituted alone or combined to form a "magnetic assembly”.
  • a linear motion mechanism or a lifting mechanism for a magnetic levitation device wherein the magnetic levitation device has a base and a suspension, the base includes a first magnetic component, and the suspension includes a second magnetic component.
  • the magnetic component and the second magnetic component are arranged to provide the magnetic balance force required when the suspension is stably suspended relative to the base, and the linear motion mechanism is arranged in the base and includes:
  • a threaded column mounted non-displaceably with respect to the base, the threaded column having threads on at least a part of its length or longitudinal direction;
  • the displacement bracket or the lifting bracket for supporting the first magnetic component of the base is provided with a threaded part adapted to the thread of the threaded column, so that the threaded part and the threaded column of the displacement bracket are displaced when the threaded part and the threaded column rotate relative to each other
  • the bracket produces a corresponding displacement along the length of the threaded column.
  • the displacement bracket can be integrally formed with the first magnetic component or connected as a whole.
  • the first magnetic assembly includes a ring magnet fixed on the displacement bracket, and the threaded column passes through the hollow part of the ring magnet.
  • the linear motion mechanism of the present invention may also include at least one guide rod fixedly installed relative to the base and arranged parallel to the threaded column at intervals.
  • the guide rod also passes through the hollow portion of the ring magnet.
  • the linear motion mechanism according to the present invention preferably further includes a driver for providing the driving force required for the relative rotation of the threaded column and the threaded portion of the displacement bracket.
  • the threaded column can be rotatably installed relative to the base, and the threaded part of the displacement bracket is integrally formed with the displacement bracket or provided by a separate and non-rotatable threaded member such as a nut fixed on the displacement bracket.
  • the driver It is fixedly installed relative to the base and used to drive the threaded column to rotate relative to the base.
  • the threaded column is a single threaded column and the lower end is connected to the turbine
  • the driver is a motor with an output rotating shaft
  • the rotating shaft of the motor is installed perpendicular to the threaded column (to further reduce the height of the base) Or make the base more compact) and a worm gear matched with a worm gear is fixedly installed.
  • the worm is driven to rotate by the rotating shaft of the motor
  • the worm drives the worm wheel to rotate
  • the worm wheel drives the threaded column to rotate.
  • the threaded post is preferably centered through the hollow part of the ring magnet.
  • the above driving scheme may also include a worm gear and a transmission gear train fixedly installed relative to the base.
  • the transmission gear train includes an upstream gear and at least two downstream gear threaded columns including at least two threaded columns arranged in parallel and spaced apart from each other.
  • the driver has an output The rotating shaft of the motor, the rotating shaft of the motor is installed perpendicular to the threaded column and is fixedly installed with a worm matched with the worm gear, each threaded column is connected with the corresponding downstream gear, and the worm gear is matched or meshed with the upstream gear.
  • the worm is driven to rotate by the rotating shaft of the motor, the worm drives the worm wheel to rotate, the worm wheel drives the upstream gear of the transmission gear train to rotate, and the downstream gear finally drives the corresponding threaded column to rotate.
  • the two threaded posts can pass through the hollow part of the ring magnet symmetrically with respect to the central symmetry axis of the ring magnet.
  • the transmission gear train may or may not include intermediate gears, as long as the downstream gears can be transmitted through the upstream gears.
  • the driver is a motor with an output rotating shaft.
  • the rotating shaft of the motor can also be installed parallel to the threaded column and fixedly installed with a transmission gear, and a concentric gear is fixedly installed on the threaded column, and the transmission gear is matched with the concentric gear.
  • the rotating shaft of the motor drives the transmission gear to rotate
  • the transmission gear drives the concentric gear to rotate
  • the concentric gear finally drives the corresponding threaded column to rotate.
  • the threaded part of the displacement bracket is provided by a threaded member such as a nut.
  • the threaded member is mounted on the displacement bracket in a rotatable but non-displaceable manner (for example, by sliding bearings or rolling bearings), and the threaded column is not rotatable relative to the base Ground installation, the driver is fixedly installed on the displacement bracket and used to drive the screw to rotate relative to the screw post.
  • the shift bracket can be prevented from rotating and the so-called twisting problem can be avoided.
  • the threaded part of the displacement bracket is integrally formed with the displacement bracket or provided by a separate and non-rotatably fixed threaded member on the displacement bracket, and the threaded column is non-rotatably mounted relative to the base
  • the driver is fixedly installed on the displacement bracket and used to drive the threaded part of the displacement bracket to rotate relative to the threaded column.
  • the suspension can automatically be in a rotating state when it is separated from the base-no need to manually fiddle with the suspension to make it in a rotating state that is convenient for viewing and other occasions.
  • the linear motion mechanism according to the present invention may also include an upper limit switch and a lower limit switch fixedly installed relative to the displacement bracket, respectively.
  • a base for a magnetic levitation device which includes the linear motion mechanism described above and a magnetic component located on the displacement bracket of the linear motion mechanism.
  • the base may also include a driver for controllably driving the linear motion mechanism.
  • the base may also include a controller and other related electromagnetic components to control the suspended body in a balanced levitation position relative to the base in real time.
  • the base may also include an upper limit switch and a lower limit switch, and the above-mentioned controller can also control the upper limit position and the lower limit position of the linear motion mechanism through the upper limit switch and the lower limit switch, respectively.
  • the controller according to the present invention can be fixedly installed relative to the base or fixedly installed on the displacement bracket.
  • a magnetic levitation device including the above-mentioned base and a suspension with a magnetic component, wherein the outer surface (for example, the upper surface) of the base is provided with a positioning mechanism for initial positioning of the suspension.
  • the base since the base uses a linear motion mechanism with a simple structure and a reasonable spatial layout, the entire base is more compact and has reliable performance.
  • Figure 1 is an overall schematic diagram of a magnetic levitation device with a suspension and a base according to the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of the base shown in Fig. 1;
  • Figures 3-5 show different variants of the embodiment of the base shown in Figure 2 respectively.
  • the magnetic levitation device generally includes a suspension body 6 and a base 1.
  • the suspension 6 is initially located on the upper surface of the base 1, for example in its positioning groove, and will be suspended or floated above it.
  • the suspension 6 has a magnet assembly 60 which includes a cylindrical permanent magnet 61 and a bias magnet 62 symmetrically distributed on both sides of the permanent magnet 61 through a fixed plate 63.
  • the bias magnet 62 is used to configure the magnet assembly 60 of the suspension 6 to be restricted in rotation or not free to rotate relative to the magnet assembly of the base 1 when stably suspended, so that it can be used in certain applications that need to restrict the free rotation of the suspension 6 Specific occasions.
  • the bias magnet 62 may also be symmetrically arranged on the upper surface of the magnet assembly 40 of the base 1 described below, for example, the ring magnet.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of the base 1 shown in FIG. 1.
  • the base 1 includes a bottom plate 10, a vertical threaded column 20 fixed on the bottom plate 10, a tray or displacement bracket 30 screwed and connected with the threaded column 20, and a magnet assembly 40 fixed on the displacement bracket 30
  • the magnet assembly 40 includes ring magnets or magnets arranged in a ring shape.
  • Electromagnetic (control) elements such as electromagnetic coil 41 and Hall sensor are also fixed on the displacement bracket 30, which are arranged in the hollow part of the ring magnet with a gap between them.
  • the threaded column 20 shown in Figure 2 is a single thread with threads along its length or longitudinal direction.
  • the lower end is mounted on the bottom plate 10 (stationary part) of the base 1, and the upper end passes through the hollow (gap) part of the ring magnet in the middle, and the middle part Then, the thread fits through the threaded portion or threaded section 31 of the displacement bracket 30.
  • the threaded section 31 of the displacement bracket 30 shown in FIG. 2 is provided by a hollow threaded member or nut separately and non-rotatably fixed on the displacement bracket 30, it can also be integrally formed with the displacement bracket 30.
  • a fixing seat 16 is installed at the lower end of the threaded column 20, and the two are rotatably fixed together with respect to the bottom plate 10 by a fastener 17.
  • a motor 12 with a horizontal output shaft 13 is fixedly installed on the bottom plate 10, the output shaft 13 of the motor 12 is installed with a worm 14, the worm 14 is matched with the worm wheel 15, and the worm wheel 15 and the fixing seat 16 are fixedly installed together.
  • the worm 14 is driven to rotate by the rotating shaft 13 of the motor 12, the worm 14 drives the worm wheel 15 to rotate, and the worm wheel 15 drives the threaded post 20 to rotate.
  • the threaded post 20 cooperates with the thread of the threaded section 31 of the displacement bracket 30, thereby The displacement bracket 30 moves up and down along the threaded column 20.
  • FIG. 2 also shows four guide posts 11 extending in parallel and evenly distributed around the threaded post 20 to assist in guiding the displacement bracket 30 to move up and down along the threaded post 20.
  • the lower end of each guide post 11 is also respectively installed on the bottom plate 10 of the base 1, the upper end respectively passes through the hollow gap part of the ring magnet, and the middle part slides through the displacement bracket 30 respectively.
  • the guide post 11 has the dual functions of guiding and preventing the displacement bracket 30 from "spinning".
  • FIG. 3 is a modification of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, in which the threaded post 20 is fixedly mounted on the base plate 10, and a threaded section in the form of a nut mounted on the displacement bracket 30 through a bearing (not shown)
  • the outer circumference of 31 is fixed with the large gear 19, which meshes with the small gear 18, and the small gear 18 and the worm gear 15 are fastened together up and down.
  • the joint relationship between the motor 12, the worm 14 and the worm wheel 15 remains unchanged, but they are all mounted on the shift bracket 30.
  • the threaded column 20 does not rotate, and the up and down rotation of the large gear 19 or the threaded section 31 relative to the threaded column 20 is used to realize the lifting or lowering of the displacement bracket 30 and the magnet assembly 40.
  • the guide post 11 can be eliminated, and the bearing can be eliminated at the same time, so that the threaded section 31 is fixed on the displacement bracket 30 non-rotatably.
  • the rotation of the large gear 19 or the threaded section 31 relative to the threaded column 20 drives the displacement bracket 30 and the magnet assembly 40 to rotate upward or downward, so that the suspension 6 is separated from the base 1 It can be in a rotating state automatically at the moment of (no need to manually fiddle with the suspended body 6 to make it in a rotating state that is convenient for viewing and other occasions).
  • a brush mechanism can be added between the shift bracket 30 and the threaded column 20 to avoid the "twisted wire” problem (the wires that supply power to the motor 12 and electromagnetic components on the shift bracket 30 and the external fixed power supply Between due to relative rotation).
  • the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 is another modification of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, in which the single threaded post 20 arranged in the center shown in FIG. 2 is replaced by the two threaded posts 201 shown in FIG. 4, and the two threaded posts 201
  • the symmetrical distribution replaces the corresponding guide posts 11 shown in Fig. 2 respectively.
  • the worm gear 15 and the pinion gear 191 are fixedly installed up and down, and the pinion gear 191 meshes with the intermediate gear 190.
  • the reduction gear 193 and the intermediate gear 190 are fixedly installed up and down, and respectively mesh with the large gears 192 on both sides.
  • FIG. 5 is a modification of the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, and the difference is that the driving mechanism is moved from the bottom plate 10 to the displacement bracket 30 like the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, which also has the advantage of smooth lifting.
  • the base 1 may also include a controller and upper and lower limit switches to control the upper limit position and the lower limit position of the linear motion mechanism.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Magnetic Bearings And Hydrostatic Bearings (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

磁悬浮装置及其直线运动机构，其中磁悬浮装置具有底座和悬浮体，底座包含第一磁组件，悬浮体包含第二磁组件，第一磁组件与第二磁组件设置成能够提供悬浮体相对底座稳定悬浮时所需的磁平衡力。该直线运动机构设置在底座内并且包括：相对底座不可位移地安装的螺纹柱，所述螺纹柱沿其长度方向的至少一部分上具有螺纹；以及用于支撑底座的第一磁组件的移位支架，移位支架设置有与螺纹柱的螺纹适配的螺纹部，使得当移位支架的螺纹部与螺纹柱产生相对转动时移位支架沿螺纹柱的长度方向产生相应位移。根据本发明的磁悬浮装置，由于底座使用了结构简单且空间布局合理的直线运动机构，从而使得整个底座更加紧凑且性能可靠。

Description

磁悬浮装置及其直线运动机构 技术领域
本发明总体涉及磁悬浮装置。
背景技术
现有的磁悬浮装置，例如磁悬浮台灯、音箱或地球仪等，一般都包括磁悬浮基座和悬浮体。基座和悬浮体都包含有磁体，基座内的磁体通过磁性作用(例如磁斥力)能够将悬浮体悬浮在其上方预定距离处，产生漂浮的奇幻视觉效果，从而深受人们的喜爱。
但在现有的磁悬浮装置的悬浮实现过程中，通常需要将悬浮体相对于基座手动放置到合适的悬浮位置，才能实现悬浮体的稳定漂浮。对于初始(经验不足)使用者而言，手动寻找合适悬浮位置的过程会显得困难和漫长，并可能会因此失去耐心和兴趣。
申请人的专利文件WO2016/202187A1、CN104901587A、CN204687868U、CN205666775U等公开的磁悬浮装置包括底座和悬浮体，其中底座包含磁悬浮机构和升降器，具有环形磁铁的磁悬浮机构置于升降器上并随之升降从而实现悬浮体相对底座的自动悬浮或落下。
CN102315805A及CN207202600U也公开了用于类似磁悬浮装置的升降机构，由于磁悬浮机构和升降机构的简单上下叠置，使得整个底座高度显著增加，从而不利于整个装置的小型化。
CN102570927A或CN202503460U还公开了另一种用于类似磁悬浮装置的升降机构，其中具有升降柱和托盘架的升降机构直接突伸出底座的上表面以举升悬浮体。这种结构使得底座一体性变差且破坏了悬浮体自动悬浮所呈现的奇妙观赏性。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种磁悬浮装置，其悬浮体不但能够实现自动悬浮，而且整个装置结构简单紧凑。
本申请中，术语“环形磁铁”包括单个环形磁铁及多个排列成环形的磁铁组合；“螺纹柱”，或还可称作直螺杆，既可以指具有内螺纹的柱也可以指具有外螺纹的柱；“相对底座不可位移地安装的螺纹柱”指螺纹柱相对底座不可移动但并不排除螺纹柱围绕自身纵向旋转轴线的转动；“移位”包括但不限于竖直升降运动。另外，术语“磁体”与“磁铁”具有同等含义，均指形成有N和S极的磁性部件，可单独构成或组合形成“磁组件”。
根据本发明的第一方面，提供了一种用于磁悬浮装置的直线运动机构或升降机构，其中磁悬浮装置具有底座和悬浮体，底座包含第一磁组件，悬浮体包含第二磁组件，第一磁组件与第二磁组件设置成能够提供悬浮体相对底座稳定悬浮时所需的磁平衡力，该直线运动机构设置在底座内并且包括：
相对底座不可位移地安装的螺纹柱，所述螺纹柱沿其长度方向或纵向的至少一部分上具有螺纹；以及
用于支撑底座的第一磁组件的移位支架或升降支架，移位支架设置有与螺纹柱的螺纹适配的螺纹部，使得当移位支架的螺纹部与螺纹柱产生相对转动时移位支架沿螺纹柱的长度方向产生相应位移。
本发明中，移位支架可以与第一磁组件一体化形成或连接成一个整体。
根据本发明的具体实施例，第一磁组件包含固定在移位支架上的环形磁铁，螺纹柱穿过环形磁铁的中空部分。这种情况下，本发明的直线运动机构还可以包括相对底座固定安装且与螺纹柱相互平行间隔设置的至少一个导杆。优选导杆也穿过环形磁铁的中空部分。
根据本发明的直线运动机构，还优选包括驱动器，用于提供螺纹柱与移位支架的螺纹部产生相对转动所需的驱动力。
根据本发明的驱动方案，螺纹柱可以相对底座可转动地安装，移位支架的螺纹部与移位支架一体形成或由单独且不可转动地固定在移位支架上的螺纹件例如螺母提供，驱动器相对底座固定安装并且用于驱动螺纹柱相对底座转动。
在上述驱动方案中，可以包括相对底座固定安装的蜗轮，螺纹柱为单个螺纹柱且下端与涡轮相连，驱动器为具有输出旋转轴的电机， 电机的旋转轴垂直于螺纹柱安装(进一步降低底座高度或使底座更加紧凑)并且固定安装有与蜗轮配合的蜗杆。由此，通过电机的旋转轴带动蜗杆转动，蜗杆带动蜗轮转动，蜗轮再带动螺纹柱转动。这种使用单个螺纹柱的情况下，螺纹柱优选居中穿过环形磁铁的中空部分。
在上述驱动方案中，还可以包括相对底座固定安装的蜗轮和传动齿轮系，传动齿轮系包括上游齿轮和至少两个下游齿轮螺纹柱包括相互平行间隔设置的至少两个螺纹柱，驱动器为具有输出旋转轴的电机，电机的旋转轴垂直于螺纹柱安装并且固定安装有与蜗轮配合的蜗杆，每个螺纹柱与相应的下游齿轮连接在一起，涡轮与上游齿轮配合或啮合。由此，通过电机的旋转轴带动蜗杆转动，蜗杆带动蜗轮转动，蜗轮带动传动齿轮系的上游齿轮转动，下游齿轮最后又带动相应的螺纹柱转动。这种情况下，两个螺纹柱可以相对环形磁铁的中心对称轴对称地穿过环形磁铁的中空部分。
传动齿轮系可以包括或不包括中间齿轮，只要通过上游齿轮能传动下游齿轮即可。
根据本发明的替代实施例，驱动器为具有输出旋转轴的电机，电机的旋转轴还可以平行于螺纹柱安装并且固定安装有传动齿轮，螺纹柱上固定安装有同心齿轮，传动齿轮与同心齿轮配合。由此，电机的旋转轴带动传动齿轮转动，传动齿轮带动同心齿轮转动，同心齿轮最后又带动相应的螺纹柱转动。
根据本发明的替代驱动方案，移位支架的螺纹部由螺纹件例如螺母提供，螺纹件可转动但不可位移地(例如通过滑动轴承或滚动轴承)安装在移位支架上，螺纹柱相对底座不可转动地安装，驱动器固定安装在移位支架上并且用于驱动螺纹件相对螺纹柱转动。这种情况下，可以避免移位支架转动从而避免所谓绞线问题。
根据本发明的另一种替代驱动方案，移位支架的螺纹部与移位支架一体形成或由单独且不可转动地固定在移位支架上的螺纹件提供，螺纹柱为相对底座不可转动地安装的单个螺纹柱，驱动器固定安装在移位支架上并且用于驱动移位支架的螺纹部相对螺纹柱转动。这种情况下，由于移位支架的相对旋转，从而使得悬浮体在脱离底座的瞬间就能够自动处于旋转状态——无需再手动拨弄悬浮体就可使其处于 方便观赏等场合下的旋转状态。
根据本发明的直线运动机构，还可以包括分别相对移位支架固定安装的上限位开关和下限位开关。
根据本发明的另一方面，还提供了一种用于磁悬浮装置的底座，包含上述直线运动机构以及位于直线运动机构的移位支架上的磁组件。另外，底座还可以包括用于可控驱动直线运动机构的驱动器。此外，底座还可以包含控制器和其它相关电磁元件等以实时控制悬浮体相对底座处于平衡悬浮位置。此外，底座还可以包括上限位开关和下限位开关，上述控制器还可以分别通过上限位开关和下限位开关来控制直线运动机构的上极限位置和下极限位置。
根据本发明的控制器可以相对底座固定安装或固定安装在移位支架上。
根据本发明的又一方面，还提供了一种磁悬浮装置，包括上述底座和具有磁组件的悬浮体，其中底座的外表面(例如上表面)设置有用于初始定位悬浮体的定位机构。
本领域技术人员应当理解，本发明不同实施例之间可以互相引入彼此的特征或特征组合，除非明显不适用。
根据本发明的磁悬浮装置，由于底座使用了结构简单且空间布局合理的直线运动机构，从而使得整个底座更加紧凑且性能可靠。
附图说明
图1为根据本发明的具有悬浮体和底座的磁悬浮装置的整体示意图；
图2为图1所示底座的部分剖面示意图；
图3-5所示分别为图2所示底座实施例的不同变型。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例和附图对本发明做进一步说明，本领域技术人员应该理解，实施例和附图只是为了更好地理解本发明，并不用来作任何限制。
参见图1，根据本发明的磁悬浮装置大体包括悬浮体6和底座1。 悬浮体6初始位于底座1的上表面上例如其定位凹槽中，并将悬浮或漂浮于其上方。悬浮体6具有磁铁组件60，磁铁组件60含有柱形永磁铁61和通过固定板63对称分布在其两侧的偏置磁铁62。偏置磁铁62用于使悬浮体6的磁铁组件60构造成相对底座1的磁铁组件在稳定悬浮时是转动受限或不可自由转动的，从而能够应用在某些需要限制悬浮体6自由转动的特定场合。作为替代实施例，偏置磁铁62也可以对称设置在如下所述的底座1的磁铁组件40例如其环形磁铁的上表面上。
图2是图1所示底座1的部分剖面示意图。如图所示，底座1包括底板10、固定在底板10上的竖向螺纹柱20、与螺纹柱20螺纹配合连接的托盘或移位支架30、以及固定在移位支架30上的磁铁组件40，磁铁组件40包含环形磁铁或排列成环形的磁铁。移位支架30上还固定有电磁(控制)元件例如电磁线圈41和霍尔传感器等，相互留有间隙地设置在环形磁铁的中空部分。
图2所示螺纹柱20为单个，沿其长度方向或纵向具有螺纹，下端安装在底座1的底板10(静止不动部件)上，上端居中穿过环形磁铁的中空(间隙)部分，中间部分则螺纹配合地穿过移位支架30的螺纹部或螺纹段31。虽然图2所示移位支架30的螺纹段31由单独且不可转动地固定在移位支架30上的中空螺纹件或螺母提供，但其也可以与移位支架30一体形成。螺纹柱20的下端安装固定座16，二者通过紧固件17相对底板10可转动地固定在一起。具有水平输出轴13的电机12固定安装在底板10上，电机12的输出轴13安装有蜗杆14，蜗杆14与蜗轮15配合，蜗轮15与固定座16固定安装在一起。这样，通过电机12的旋转轴13带动蜗杆14转动，蜗杆14带动蜗轮15转动，蜗轮15又带动螺纹柱20转动，最后借助螺纹柱20与移位支架30的螺纹段31的螺纹配合作用，从而实现移位支架30沿螺纹柱20的上下移动。
图2还示出了围绕螺纹柱20平行延伸且均匀分布的4个导向柱11，用于辅助引导移位支架30沿螺纹柱20上下移动。每个导向柱11的下端同样分别安装在底座1的底板10上，上端分别穿过环形磁铁的中空间隙部分，中间部分则分别滑动穿过移位支架30。导向柱 11兼具导向和防止移位支架30“连轴转”的双重功能。
图3所示实施例为图2所示实施例的变型，其中螺纹柱20静止不动地安装在底板10上，通过轴承(未示出)安装在移位支架30上的螺母形式的螺纹段31的外周与大齿轮19固定在一起，大齿轮19又与小齿轮18啮合，小齿轮18与蜗轮15上下紧固在一起。电机12、蜗杆14、蜗轮15等接合关系不变，但都安装在移位支架30上。该实施例中螺纹柱20不转动，借助大齿轮19或螺纹段31相对螺纹柱20的上下转动而实现移位支架30以及磁铁组件40等上升或下降。
作为图3所示实施例的一种改进，可以取消导向柱11，同时取消轴承而将螺纹段31不可转动地固定在移位支架30上。这样，由于螺纹柱20不转动，借助大齿轮19或螺纹段31相对螺纹柱20的转动而带动移位支架30以及磁铁组件40等的旋转式上升或下降，从而使得悬浮体6在脱离底座1的瞬间就能够自动处于旋转状态(无需再手动拨弄悬浮体6就可使其处于方便观赏等场合下的旋转状态)。这种情况下，可以在移位支架30与螺纹柱20之间加设电刷机构来避免“绞线”问题(为移位支架30上的电机12和电磁元件等供电的电线与外部固定电源之间由于相对转动而造成)。
图4所示实施例为图2所示实施例的另一种变型，其中图2所示居中布置的单个螺纹柱20被图4所示两个螺纹柱201所取代，这两个螺纹柱201对称分布，分别代替图2所示相应的导向柱11。另外，在本实施例中，蜗轮15与小齿轮191上下固定安装在一起，小齿轮191又与中间齿轮190啮合。减速齿轮193与中间齿轮190上下固定安装在一起，分别与两侧的大齿轮192啮合。在该实施例中，由于没有穿过环形磁铁中空部分居中布置的螺纹柱，从而不会与现有通常一体布置在环形磁铁中央位置的霍尔传感器等形成干涉。另外，使用两个螺纹柱201也使得移位支架30的升降更加平稳。
图5所示实施例是图4实施例的变型，不同之处是像图3所示实施例那样将驱动机构从底板10移至移位支架30，从而同样具有升降平稳的优点。
当然，虽然没有示出，底座1中还可以包含控制器和上、下限位开关以控制直线运动机构的上极限位置和下极限位置。
本领域技术人员应当理解，上述各种方向术语包括“上”、“下”等仅用于结合附图所示实施例来说明而非限制本发明。实际上，对于这种磁悬浮装置结构，参见例如申请人的专利CN1819436B，悬浮体不仅仅能够竖直稳定悬浮在底座的上方，还可以在相对倾斜的情况下，例如悬浮体的柱形磁铁和底座的环形磁铁的重心连线与水平面所形成的夹角在0-90度范围内，同样实现稳定悬浮；这是因为悬浮体的重力影响完全能够被磁悬浮装置所形成的实时平衡磁场所抵销。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种用于磁悬浮装置的直线运动机构，其中磁悬浮装置具有底座和悬浮体，底座包含第一磁组件，悬浮体包含第二磁组件，第一磁组件与第二磁组件设置成能够提供悬浮体相对底座稳定悬浮时所需的磁平衡力，该直线运动机构设置在底座内并且包括：
    相对底座不可位移地安装的螺纹柱，所述螺纹柱沿其长度方向的至少一部分上具有螺纹；以及
    用于支撑底座的第一磁组件的移位支架，移位支架设置有与螺纹柱的螺纹适配的螺纹部，使得当移位支架的螺纹部与螺纹柱产生相对转动时移位支架沿螺纹柱的长度方向产生相应位移。
  2. 根据权利要求1的直线运动机构，其中第一磁组件包含固定在移位支架上的环形磁铁，螺纹柱穿过环形磁铁的中空部分。
  3. 根据权利要求2的直线运动机构，还包括相对底座固定安装且与螺纹柱相互平行设置的至少一个导杆。
  4. 根据权利要求1的直线运动机构，还包括驱动器，用于提供螺纹柱与移位支架的螺纹部产生相对转动所需的驱动力。
  5. 根据权利要求4的直线运动机构，其中螺纹柱围绕其纵向旋转轴线可转动地安装在底座上，移位支架的螺纹部与移位支架一体形成或由单独且不可转动地固定在移位支架上的螺纹件提供，驱动器相对底座固定安装并且用于驱动螺纹柱相对底座转动。
  6. 根据权利要求5的直线运动机构，其中螺纹柱为居中穿过第一磁组件的环形磁铁的中空部分的单个螺纹柱。
  7. 根据权利要求5的直线运动机构，其中螺纹柱为穿过第一磁组件的环形磁铁的中空部分的至少两个相互平行的螺纹柱。
  8. 根据权利要求4的直线运动机构，其中移位支架的螺纹部由单独的螺纹件提供，螺纹件可转动但不可位移地安装在移位支架上，螺纹柱相对底座不可转动地安装，驱动器固定安装在移位支架上并且用于驱动螺纹件相对螺纹柱转动。
  9. 根据权利要求8的直线运动机构，还包括相对底座固定安装且与螺纹柱相互平行设置的至少一个导杆。
  10. 根据权利要求8的直线运动机构，其中螺纹柱为穿过第一磁组件的环形磁铁的中空部分的至少两个相互平行的螺纹柱，移位支架也设置有至少两个相应的螺纹部。
  11. 根据权利要求4的直线运动机构，其中移位支架的螺纹部与移位支架一体形成或由单独且不可转动地固定在移位支架上的螺纹件提供，螺纹柱为相对底座不可转动地安装的单个螺纹柱，驱动器固定安装在移位支架上并且用于驱动移位支架的螺纹部相对螺纹柱转动。
  12. 根据权利要求3或9的直线运动机构，其中导杆也穿过环形磁铁的中空部分。
  13. 一种用于磁悬浮装置的底座，包含根据前述权利要求之一的直线运动机构以及位于直线运动机构的移位支架上的磁组件。
  14. 根据权利要求13的底座，还包括用于可控驱动直线运动机构的驱动器。
  15. 一种磁悬浮装置，包括根据权利要求13的底座和具有磁组件的悬浮体，其中底座的外表面设置有用于初始定位悬浮体的定位机构。
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