WO2021040560A1 - Method for mounting a lightning rod on a power line support - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to methods for mounting a lightning rod vertically on an overhead power line support. In a first embodiment, a disassemblable device is used which has two horizontally elongate supporting elements having a U-shaped profile. One of said elements is provided with a detachable clamp which is fastened to the element by a bolt connection and is configured in the form of a curved bracket with lugs. In the first embodiment, the two supporting elements of the disassemblable device are placed on opposite sides of an overhead power line support, are tightly secured to one another by means of a fastener to allow fastening of a rod-like structure and are fixed to the support, and a lightning rod is mounted between the supporting elements. In a second embodiment, a disassemblable device is used which has two horizontally elongate supporting elements having a U-shaped profile. One of said elements has welded thereto a fixed part of a clamp for securing a rod-like structure, said fixed part being connected to a second detachable part of the clamp by a bolt connection. The second embodiment of the method is characterized in that a lightning rod is mounted between the detachable part and the fixed part of the clamp.

Description

Description.

METHOD FOR INSTALLING ROD LIGHTNING RECEIVER ON LINE SUPPORT

ELECTRIC TRANSMISSION

The invention relates to the field of electrical engineering, in particular to a method for installing rod lightning rods on standard reinforced concrete supports (racks) used for the installation of power lines, as well as on other similar structures.

State of the art.

From the prior art, a method of installation is known, described in particular in electronic sources of information (httos: //www.dexter-group.ru/2017/02/08/%D 1% 83% D 1% 81% D 1% 82% D0 % B0% D0% BD% D0% BE% D0% B2% D0% B

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Typically, standard lightning protection is installed on reinforced concrete supports 16 m high. It is a 12 m high hex rack and a 4 m long air terminal. Steel pipes with a sealed cone at the top serve as the air terminal.

The supports are strengthened by welding to metal plates. The plates are fastened to the reinforcement of the reinforced concrete support.

If there is a need to install a support above 16 m, then use the same 12 meter racks, but on reinforced concrete attachments that hold the supports. Supports and attachments are fastened with a metal plate, which is welded to the fittings. For greater reliability, the components connect also with a large bolt. To do this, make a through hole between the support and the attachment and insert the bolt. First, the attachments are dug into the ground to a depth of 2 m, then a support is attached to them with the help of technology. The next step is to strengthen the support and attachments. The whole structure turns out to be very heavy and cumbersome.

Recently, to facilitate the lightning protection system, they began to use hollow reinforced concrete supports. The armature is located inside concrete pillars and attachments to them, connected by welding and serves as a lightning rod. The stand is in the form of a cone. The lower cut of the rack is 80 cm, the upper one is 50 cm. The attachments are deepened 3 m into the ground. The down conductor is removed at a height of 20-30 cm from the soil surface. From one end it is welded to the armature of the rack or attachment, the other end is connected to the grounding system.

Alternatively, according to information from another well-known source on overhead power lines, at the moment, a suspension of a lightning protection cable is used as a lightning rod. (https://zandz.com/ru/biblioteka/zazemlenie opor na linivah elektroperedach.html)

Protective spark gaps, tube and valve arresters, surge arresters, long-spark and multi-chamber arresters, etc. are connected to the grounding device.

According to information from another source (https://helpiks.org/6-38728.htmli, when installing overhead power lines, grounding devices are performed to re-ground the neutral wire (PEN-conductor), protect against lightning surges, ground electrical equipment installed on high-voltage supports lines.

Re-grounding is performed at the end supports of the line and supports with branches to the inputs to the buildings.

When installing overhead power lines with a voltage higher than 1 kV, grounding devices are carried out at the supports: - with a lightning protection cable; - having tubular arresters, disconnectors, fuses and other equipment - reinforced concrete and metal at a voltage of 6 ... 35 kV. Grounding slopes at wooden poles are made of steel stranded wire with a cross section of at least 35 mm ² or steel wire with a diameter of at least 10 mm.

Natural ground electrodes (reinforced concrete foundations) are primarily used as ground electrodes on overhead lines of all voltages.

However, in all the above methods of lightning protection, either vertical lightning rods are not used, or for the installation of a lightning rod with a vertical lightning rod, structures are used that are cumbersome and non-separable, and the parts are fastened to each other by means of welding, which excludes dismantling and the possibility of reusing such structures if necessary.

Currently, vertical lightning rods are actively used, including a rod lightning rod with a height of 1 to 6 meters, described in particular in an electronic source of information (https://2svet.ru/opori/moln.htmiy

The main stages of installing such a lightning rod are as follows: preparation of the site: clearing and planning, ensuring the entrance of long vehicles; laying of a supply cable and / or a protective ground loop; preparation of the pit for the embedded part of the foundation - anchor or tubular; installation, alignment and concrete pouring of the foundation embedded part; installation of supports with installed lightning rods to the prepared embedded part of the foundation; connecting the lightning rod to the ground loop.

However, this method of installation is expensive due to the fact that for the installation of the lightning rod, it is necessary to install the supports intended for this.

A method for installing a horizontal lightning rod, with the possibility of dismantling the structure, is described in patent CN 102386563 (priority dated 03.21.2012). The method consists in the fact that the lightning rod is installed horizontally on the side wing of the power transmission line tower using a device consisting of identical rectangular plates, hinged together. With the help of such a device, fastening the air terminal to the tower, one side of the lightning rod is located between the plates and adjoins the side wing of the tower, the other side extends beyond the side wing of the tower.

However, this method uses a cruciform lightning rod, which can only be installed on a power line tower having a side wing. It is also a problem that the horizontal positioning of the air terminal does not provide protection against lightning discharges to the extent that it can be provided by the vertically positioned air terminal.

This method is possible only for rod lightning rods of short length, due to the fact that a too long lightning rod will deform downward and will not be able to provide adequate protection against a lightning discharge.

In this regard, there is a need for the possibility of installing a vertical rod lightning rod up to 7 meters long, using a collapsible device for fixing the rod lightning rod on various typical supports of power lines, with the possibility of dismantling the collapsible device and reusing it if necessary in the future.

The claimed method solves this problem.

The technical result of the claimed invention is the possibility of reliable fixation in the vertical position of a rod lightning rod with a length of up to 7 meters on various standard supports of power lines, produced in series, using a simple collapsible device for fixing a rod lightning rod, with the possibility, if necessary, of dismantling the collapsible device, without additional costs for reuse in the future.

The claimed method makes it possible to fix rod lightning rods up to 7 meters long on standard supports of overhead power lines, produced in series, with a cross-section in the form of a trapezoid, square, rectangle. This method of installation on ready-made supports of overhead power lines has a lower cost due to the fact that a collapsible device for attaching a rod lightning rod allows you to save money on transportation and installation, since such a disassembled structure does not take up much space and can, if necessary, be repeatedly disassembled and assembled. At the same time, the claimed method makes it possible to reliably fix a rod lightning rod up to 7 meters long in a vertical position on a typical support.

The claimed invention relates to a method for installing vertical rod lightning rods up to 7 meters long on standard supports of overhead power lines, for example, reinforced concrete racks of the SV, SNV type, as well as on other supporting structures with a trapezoidal, square, rectangular cross-section.

The claimed method can also be used for vertical fastening of racks of communication antennas, CCTV cameras and other equipment having a round base for installation.

Installation of vertical rod lightning rods up to 7 meters long on standard supports (racks) of power lines is carried out using a collapsible device for installing rod lightning rods on standard supports of overhead power lines, the design of which includes, according to Fig. 1 horizontally elongated bearing parts (each part can consist of one or several parts), which are installed in the upper part of a typical support of overhead power lines and pulled together using standard or non-standard fasteners, then a vertically located rod lightning rod is attached using clamps , to which, in turn, can be joined by welding or clamps, down conductor (grounding conductor) or down conductors (conductors), cables of communication antennas, CCTV cameras and other equipment, in the case of or fix the support of communication antennas, support for fastening CCTV cameras and other equipment.

In the first version of the method for installing vertical rod lightning rods up to 7 meters long on standard supports, a collapsible device is used, which includes two horizontally elongated bearing parts with a U-shaped profile, which perform the function of attachment to the support of overhead power lines, where one of the bearing parts has a removable clamp for fixing the rod structure in a vertical position, which is attached to the bearing part using a bolt connections and is made in the form of an arcuate bent bracket with ears, in which there are holes for attachment to the support.

The load-bearing parts are pulled together by means of fasteners, in the particular case, using a threaded rod with nuts.

In the second embodiment of the method for installing vertical rod lightning rods up to 7 meters long, a collapsible device for installing rod lightning rods on the supports of overhead power lines according to Fig. 4 includes two horizontally elongated U-shaped parts that perform the function of attaching to the support of overhead power lines, one of which it has a clamp for fixing the rod lightning rod, one part of which is attached to this part by welding and connected to the other removable part of the clamp by means of a bot connection, providing reliable fixation of the rod lightning rod in the clamp. For the manufacture of bearing parts of a collapsible device, a channel is used (or a similar part from rolled metal of another profile, including a square).

For the manufacture of bearing parts of a collapsible device for installing rod lightning rods for both versions of the method for installing rod structures with a rod length of up to 7 meters, a channel is used (or a similar part from rolled metal of another profile, including a square).

A rod lightning rod, depending on its length, can be installed on one or several collapsible devices.

Vividly variants of the collapsible devices used in the invention are illustrated in Figures 1-8. Figure 1 illustrates a collapsible device for installing rod lightning rods up to 7 meters long on the support of overhead power lines used in the first version of the installation method, indicating the following positions:

1- The first bearing part of the collapsible device, on which a removable clamp is attached by means of a bolted connection for installing a lightning rod, made in 1 version;

2- The second bearing part of the collapsible device;

3- Clamp;

4- Threaded hairpin;

5- Bolt;

6- Nut;

7- Locknut;

12 Washer.

FIG. 2 illustrates the bearing parts of a collapsible device for fixing a rod lightning rod used in the first version of the method for installing rod lightning rods up to 7 meters long on a typical support (rack) of overhead power lines.

FIG. 3 illustrates a clamp in the form of a bracket used in the first version of installation in a collapsible device for installing rod lightning rods up to 7 meters long on the support of overhead power lines.

Figure 4 illustrates a collapsible device for installing rod lightning rods up to 7 meters long on the support of overhead power lines, used in the second version of the installation method, where: pos. 8 - The first bearing part of the collapsible device, to which the first fixed part of the clamp is attached by welding, executed in the 2nd version; pos. 9 - The second removable part of the clamp, made in version 2, connected to the first fixed part of the clamp by means of a bolted connection. FIG. 5 illustrates the bearing parts of a collapsible device for fixing a rod lightning rod used in the second variant of the method for installing rod lightning rods up to 7 meters long on a support of overhead power lines.

FIG. 6 illustrates the second removable part of the clamp used in the second installation variant.

Figure 7 illustrates a vertically fixed rod lightning rod, up to 7 meters long (pos. 10), installed according to the second variant of the method for installing rod lightning rods up to 7 meters long on a support of overhead power lines, where, under pos. 11 shows the down conductor (grounding conductor) or down conductors (conductors), or cables of communication antennas, CCTV cameras and other equipment.

Figure 8 illustrates a rod lightning rod (pos. 10), installed according to the first method of installing rod lightning rods up to 7 meters long on a typical support (rack) of overhead power lines, where under pos. 11 shows the down conductors.

The method of installing rod lightning rods on standard supports of overhead power lines is as follows.

First, horizontally elongated bearing parts of the collapsible device are attached to the upper part of a typical support (rack) of overhead power lines and tightened using fasteners consisting of a rod with threaded ends on both sides and nuts for a tie, then the rod lightning rod is attached to the supporting part, on which the clamp is located.

The first version of the method for installing a rod lightning rod up to 7 meters long in a vertical position on a typical support (rack) of overhead power lines, with a trapezoidal, square, rectangular cross-section, using a collapsible device for fixing rod structures, including two horizontally elongated bearing parts with P - shaped profile, one of which has a removable clamp for fixing the rod lightning rod in a vertical position, which is attached to one of the horizontally elongated bearing parts using a bolted connection and is made in the form of an arcuate bent bracket with ears, is as follows.

First, in the upper part, on opposite sides of a typical support of overhead power lines, two horizontally elongated bearing parts of a collapsible device are placed to fix rod structures, then the horizontally elongated bearing parts of a collapsible device are pulled together using fasteners and fixed on a typical support (rack) of air power lines, after which a rod lightning rod is installed between the removable clamp and the bearing part of the collapsible device, to which the removable clamp is attached using a bolted connection, then by tightening the bolted connection, with which the removable clamp is attached to the supporting part of the collapsible device, fix the rod lightning rod in the vertical position.

The second version of the method of installing a rod lightning rod up to 7 meters long in a vertical position on a typical support (rack) of overhead power lines, with a cross-section in the form of a trapezoid, square, rectangle, using a collapsible device for fixing rod structures, including two horizontally elongated bearing parts with 11 - shaped profile, on one of which a non-removable part of the clamp is attached by welding to fix the rod lightning rod in a vertical position, connected to the other removable part of the clamp by means of a bolted connection, is as follows.

First, on the upper part, on opposite sides of a typical support of overhead power lines, two horizontally elongated bearing parts of a collapsible device are placed for fastening rod structures, then the horizontally elongated load-bearing parts of a collapsible device are pulled together using fasteners and fixed on a typical support of overhead power lines, after which a rod lightning rod is installed between the removable and non-removable parts of the clamp, located on one of the horizontally elongated ^' dbs' doubles ΊT fix the rod lightning rod in the vertical position by tightening the bolt connection connecting the removable and non-removable parts of the clamp.

The claimed variants of the method make it possible to install a rod lightning rod up to 7 meters long, a collapsible device for installing such structures on the support of overhead power lines can be easily and easily dismantled, if necessary, and assembled in any other place.

At the same time, the transportation of such a device is not expensive, due to the low weight of the collapsible device and its simple design. The disassembled device for fastening rod structures can be delivered without problems to any hard-to-reach area.

Claims

Claim. 1. A method of installing a rod lightning rod up to 7 meters long in a vertical position on a typical support (rack) of overhead power lines, with a cross-section in the form of a trapezoid, square, rectangle, using a collapsible device for fixing rod structures, including two horizontally elongated load-bearing parts with P -shaped profile, one of which has a removable clamp for fixing the rod lightning rod in a vertical position, which is attached to one of the horizontally elongated bearing parts using a bolt connection and is made in the form of an arcuate bent bracket with ears, which consists in the fact that first on the upper parts on opposite sides of the support of overhead power lines place two horizontally elongated bearing parts of a collapsible device, then pull the horizontally elongated bearing parts together using fasteners and fix them on a support (rack), after which a rod lightning rod is installed in a vertical position between the removable clamp and the horizontally elongated bearing part, to which the removable clamp is attached by means of a bolted connection, then by tightening the bolted connection the rod lightning rod is fixed in a vertical position. 2. A method of installing a rod lightning rod up to 7 meters long in a vertical position on a typical support (rack) of overhead power lines, with a cross-section in the form of a trapezoid, square, rectangle, using a collapsible device for fixing rod structures, including two horizontally elongated bearing parts with P -shaped profile, on one of which a non-removable part of the clamp is attached by welding to fix the air termination rod in a vertical position, connected to the other the removable part of the clamp using a bolted connection, which consists in the fact that first on the upper part on opposite sides of the support of overhead power lines, two horizontally elongated bearing parts of the collapsible device are placed, then the horizontally elongated bearing parts are pulled together with the help of fasteners and fixed on a typical support (rack) of overhead power lines, after which a rod lightning rod is installed in a vertical position between the removable and non-removable parts of the clamp located on one of the horizontally elongated bearing parts, and the rod lightning rod is fixed in a vertical position by tightening the bolted connection connecting the two parts clamping.