WO2021036713A1 - 一种无相对滑动超细金属或合金线材拉制装置 - Google Patents

一种无相对滑动超细金属或合金线材拉制装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021036713A1
WO2021036713A1 PCT/CN2020/106850 CN2020106850W WO2021036713A1 WO 2021036713 A1 WO2021036713 A1 WO 2021036713A1 CN 2020106850 W CN2020106850 W CN 2020106850W WO 2021036713 A1 WO2021036713 A1 WO 2021036713A1
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wire
wheel
wire drawing
take
alloy
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English (en)
French (fr)
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曹军
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Henan University of Technology
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Henan University of Technology
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES, PROFILES OR LIKE SEMI-MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C1/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, wire, rods, tubes or like semi-manufactured products by drawing
    • B21C1/02—Drawing metal wire or like flexible metallic material by drawing machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by drums
    • B21C1/04—Drawing metal wire or like flexible metallic material by drawing machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by drums with two or more dies operating in series
    • B21C1/08—Drawing metal wire or like flexible metallic material by drawing machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by drums with two or more dies operating in series in which the material does not slip on the drums
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES, PROFILES OR LIKE SEMI-MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C1/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, wire, rods, tubes or like semi-manufactured products by drawing
    • B21C1/02—Drawing metal wire or like flexible metallic material by drawing machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by drums
    • B21C1/04—Drawing metal wire or like flexible metallic material by drawing machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by drums with two or more dies operating in series
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES, PROFILES OR LIKE SEMI-MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C1/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, wire, rods, tubes or like semi-manufactured products by drawing
    • B21C1/02—Drawing metal wire or like flexible metallic material by drawing machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by drums
    • B21C1/12—Regulating or controlling speed of drawing drums, e.g. to influence tension; Drives; Stop or relief mechanisms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES, PROFILES OR LIKE SEMI-MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, rods, wire, tubes, profiles or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B21C37/04—Manufacture of metal sheets, rods, wire, tubes, profiles or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of rods or wire
    • B21C37/047—Manufacture of metal sheets, rods, wire, tubes, profiles or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of rods or wire of fine wires
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES, PROFILES OR LIKE SEMI-MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C9/00—Cooling, heating or lubricating drawing material

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of wire drawing, and in particular relates to a drawing device for ultrafine metal or alloy wire without relative sliding.
  • metal or alloy wire is processed by sliding wire drawing machine. Due to the relative sliding between the wire and the tower wheel of the wire drawing machine during the drawing process of the sliding wire drawing machine, the relative sliding will affect the drawing of thinner metal or alloy wire. It will damage the surface of the wire and cause wire breakage. Furthermore, due to the constant speed ratio of the tower wheel of the sliding wire drawing machine, the ratio of the drawing die must be configured in strict accordance with the speed ratio of the tower wheel, and the reduction rate of the whole drawing die is consistent.
  • the sliding wire drawing machine's high precision requirements for the die diameter greatly increase the cost of the die.
  • the above-mentioned characteristics of the sliding wire drawing machine result in a high interruption rate in the ultra-fine processing of metal or alloy wire, which cannot meet the processing requirements of ultra-fine metal or alloy wire, and obtains large-length ultra-fine metal or alloy wire, which reduces wire drawing.
  • the harsh requirements for the mold during the process are an urgent problem to be solved in the processing of ultra-fine metal or alloy wires.
  • the existing sliding wire drawing machine has the following problems in the processing of ultra-fine wire: 1. Due to the relative sliding between the drawing tower wheel and the wire during the drawing process, the smoothness of the wire surface is reduced, and the surface of the ultra-fine wire is seriously damaged. Causes wire breakage; 2. Sliding wire drawing machine has a fixed ratio of drawing tower wheel speed, strict requirements on the ratio of wire drawing dies, and the mold ratio parameter window is small; 3. Sliding wire drawing machine can not arbitrarily adjust the reduction rate of wire processing, equipment The versatility is poor; 4. Sliding wire drawing machine parts are expensive to replace, and the entire tower wheel needs to be replaced if one of the tower wheel grooves has a problem.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a non-relative sliding ultra-fine metal or alloy wire drawing device to at least solve the problems of high wire breakage rate, poor surface quality, and poor versatility of existing equipment in the current ultra-fine processing of metal or alloy wire. .
  • the pay-off system is used to release metal or alloy wire, the pay-off system includes a pay-off wheel, a guide wheel, a first wire wheel and a speed regulating device arranged in sequence, and the speed regulating device is used to control The pay-off speed of the pay-off system;
  • a wire drawing system the wire drawing system is connected to the wire pay-off system for drawing the wire released by the wire wire system, the wire drawing system includes a heat treatment wheel and a plurality of wire drawing units connected in sequence, and the wire drawing unit is also The speed regulating device is provided, and the speed regulating device is used to control the wire drawing speed of each of the wire drawing units;
  • a wire take-up system is connected to the wire drawing system, and the wire take-up system includes a wire take-up wheel for recycling the wire after the wire drawing system into a roll.
  • This device is equipped with multiple drawing units, the speed of the drawing wheel in each drawing unit is adjustable, and the speed of each drawing wheel is independently controlled by a high-precision sensor, so that the wire drawing process is equal to any one of the drawing wheels. No relative sliding, so as to realize the sliding-free drawing of ultra-fine metal or alloy wires, eliminating the surface defects caused by relative sliding on the wire surface;
  • Each drawing wheel in this device is independently controlled to adjust the drawing speed, and there is no special requirement for the ratio of the drawing dies, which reduces the accuracy of the ratio of the drawing dies;
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an ultrafine metal or alloy wire drawing device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pay-off system in Figure 1;
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drawing unit in Fig. 1.
  • a drawing device for ultra-fine metal or alloy wire without relative sliding is provided.
  • the drawing device for ultra-fine metal or alloy wire without relative sliding of the present invention adopts angle
  • the displacement sensor individually controls the speed of the drawing wheel in each drawing unit, so as to realize the drawing of ultra-fine metal or alloy wire. Since the speed of each drawing wheel can be independently controlled, the speed can be synchronized and the metal or alloy wire is eliminated.
  • the non-relative sliding ultra-fine metal or alloy wire drawing device of the present invention includes:
  • Pay-off system 1 is used to release metal or alloy wire 4
  • pay-off system 1 includes pay-off wheel, guide wheel 13, first wire wheel 14 and speed regulating device arranged in sequence, and the speed regulating device is used to control Pay-off speed of pay-off system 1.
  • the pay-off wheel includes a pay-off reel 11 and a pay-off shaft 12.
  • the pay-off reel 11 is installed on the pay-off shaft 12 through a nut, and the pay-off shaft 12 is driven by a servo motor;
  • the guide wheel 13 is installed On the fixed bracket 19, the guide wheel 13 is rotatable. As the metal or alloy wire 4 is discharged on the pay-off reel 11 at different positions, the guide wheel 13 automatically rotates to a corresponding angle to avoid the wire 4 and the edge of the guide wheel 13 from rubbing.
  • the speed regulating device includes a tension rod 16 and an angular displacement sensor 17.
  • One end of the tension rod 16 is connected to the angular displacement sensor 17, and the other end is connected to a first wire wheel 14;
  • Connect the wire wheel 18, the first wire wheel 14 is connected to the lower part between the guide wheel 13 and the wire wheel 18 through the wire 4, and the pay-off wheel is provided with a sensor.
  • the speed of the first wire wheel 14 is relative to the rear wire drawing system 2
  • the first wire wheel 14 will change position and swing up and down, which will cause the angle of the tension rod 16 to change.
  • the angular displacement sensor 17 senses the angle change, and the angular displacement sensor 17 controls the speed of the pay-off shaft 12 through the sensor.
  • the material of the tension rod 16 is carbon fiber. In other embodiments, it can also be made of other ultra-light materials such as aluminum alloy and titanium alloy, so as to reduce the weight of the tension rod 16 and improve the force transmission sensitivity of the tension rod 16.
  • the first wire wheel 14 includes a first wire wheel shaft 15, and the other end of the tension rod 16 is connected to the first wire wheel shaft 15.
  • the wire drawing system 2 the wire drawing system 2 is connected to the wire pay-off system 1, and is used to draw the wire 4 released by the wire wire system 1.
  • the wire drawing system 2 includes a heat treatment wheel 21 and a plurality of wire drawing units connected in sequence.
  • the wire drawing unit is also provided with a regulator.
  • Speed device, speed regulating device is used to control the drawing speed of each drawing unit.
  • the speed regulating device in the wire drawing system 2 is the same as the speed regulating device in the pay-off system 1.
  • the wire drawing unit includes a second wire wheel 22, a mold 26, a wire drawing wheel 28, a third wire wheel 211 and a speed regulating device; the second wire wheel 22 is provided with two, and the mold 26 is provided on two Between the second wire wheel 22; the second wire wheel 22 includes a second wire wheel axle, the two second wire wheels 22 and the second wire wheel axle are on the same horizontal line, and the second wire wheel 22 and the second wire wheel axle are installed on the wire drawing On the rack of System 2.
  • the wire 4 pressed by the die 26 enters the wire drawing wheel 28, and the wire 4 coming out of the wire drawing wheel 28 passes through the third wire wheel 211 and then enters the next wire drawing unit.
  • the drawing wheel 28 is fixed on the drawing wheel shaft 29 by a nut, and the drawing wheel shaft 29 is controlled to rotate by a servo motor.
  • the third wire wheel 211 is provided with a third wire wheel shaft 212, the tension rod 16 of the speed regulating device is connected to the third wire wheel shaft 212, and the wire drawing wheel 28 is adjusted and controlled by the position change of the third wire wheel 211 ⁇ rpm ⁇
  • the angular displacement sensor 17 connected to one end of the tension rod 16 receives the signal and passes the drawing wheel.
  • the sensor set on 28 controls the rotation speed of the drawing wheel shaft 29, and then regulates the drawing speed of the drawing unit. After the drawing speed is adjusted, the drawing speed of each drawing unit is ensured to be the same to prevent the metal or alloy wire 4 from sliding.
  • the heat treatment wheel 21 is installed on the heat treatment wheel shaft and provides a direct current through a brush; the heat treatment wheel 21 is made of pure copper or copper alloy to ensure that its conductivity is higher than 60% IACS.
  • the material of the heat-treated axle is heat-resistant alloy steel. This can ensure rapid heat conduction of the heat treatment wheel 21, improve the drawing processing efficiency of the ultrafine metal or alloy wire 4 and the service life of the equipment.
  • the wire drawing unit further includes a lubrication system.
  • the lubrication system is arranged in front of the die 26 and includes a wire drawing liquid tank 23 and a wire drawing liquid nozzle 24.
  • the wire drawing liquid nozzle 24 is threadedly connected to the frame of the wire drawing system 2.
  • the drawing liquid tank 23 is arranged under the drawing liquid nozzle 24, the drawing liquid nozzle 24 sprays the drawing liquid to the surface of the wire 4 for lubrication, and the drawing liquid tank 23 is used to collect the spattered drawing liquid;
  • the two second wire wheels 22 are respectively installed in the drawing On the frame at both ends of the liquid tank 23; preferably, the height of the drawing liquid nozzle 24 and the flow rate of the drawing liquid are adjustable.
  • the outlet direction of the drawing liquid nozzle 24 is directly on the center of the mold 26;
  • An adjustment knob is arranged on the nozzle 24, and the flow rate of the drawing liquid can be adjusted according to the actual situation.
  • a slot 231 and an adjustment knob are provided at the bottom of the drawing liquid tank 23, and the adjustment knob can control the flow of the drawing liquid from the slot 231, thereby controlling the amount of liquid in the drawing liquid tank 23, that is, the liquid level; more preferably,
  • the concentration range of the drawing liquid is 0.3-8% (such as 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5%, 5%, 5.5%) , 6%, 6.5%, 7%, 7.5%, 8%), within this range, the wire 4 can be fully and effectively wetted, effectively avoiding wire breakage and surface damage during the pressing process of the mold 26; To effective lubrication, if the concentration is too large, it is easy to block the threading hole of the mold 26, resulting in excessive drawing force and causing wire breakage.
  • the mold 26 is fixed on the base 27 by the spring pressure piece 25, and the height and direction of the base 27 are adjustable; preferably, the base 27 can be rotated in the horizontal direction, and the rotation angle is not less than 30°; the rotation angle here represents the pay-off shaft
  • the axis 12 is the reference direction, the base 27 can be rotated to the angle formed between the maximum boundary position on the left side of the pay-off shaft 12 and the maximum boundary position on the right side; the base 27 can move up and down, left and right, and can be in the horizontal direction
  • the internal rotation is at a certain angle to ensure that the entrance of the drawing wire 4 is perpendicular to the center of the die 26, so as to improve the drawing quality of the wire 4 and reduce the occurrence of wire breakage.
  • the outer surface of the wire drawing wheel 28 is covered with a rubber sleeve 210, and the rubber sleeve 210 is installed on the wire drawing wheel 28 by interference fit; preferably, the friction coefficient of the rubber sleeve 210 is greater than 1.22, and the rubber sleeve 210 is less than 1.22.
  • the material can be silicone rubber or fluorine rubber, or other materials with a coefficient of friction greater than 1.22 to ensure that the metal or alloy wire 4 does not slide on the rubber sleeve 210.
  • the drawing wheel 28 of the last drawing unit is a fixed speed wheel 213, which is used as a speed control reference.
  • the rotation speed of the drawing wheel 28 in each drawing unit is determined by the fixed speed wheel 213.
  • the rotation speed of 213 is determined by the wire drawing process, so that all previous errors can be eliminated by the fixed speed wheel 213; the wire drawing system 2 can be equipped with no more than 20 wire drawing units according to specific requirements. More than 20 drawing units will reduce the accuracy of the controlled drawing speed, reduce the drawing effect, and affect the quality of the drawing wire 4.
  • the wire take-up system 3 is connected to the wire drawing system 2.
  • the wire take-up system 3 includes a wire take-up wheel for recycling the wire 4 after the wire drawing system 2 into a roll.
  • the wire take-up system further includes a wire arranging guide wheel, the wire arranging guide wheel is arranged in front of the wire taking-up wheel, the arranging wire guide wheel is connected to the arranging wire guide wheel shaft through a nut, and is guided by the arranging wire guide wheel
  • the wire 4 is recycled to the wire take-up wheel;
  • the wire take-up system 3 also includes a laser wire arranging device 33, which functions like a sensor and is used to detect the wire arranging width and position.
  • the take-up reel includes a take-up reel 31 and a take-up shaft 32.
  • the take-up reel 31 is connected to the take-up shaft 32 through a nut, and the take-up shaft 32 is driven by a motor to rotate.
  • the take-up shaft 32 is driven by two servo motors, one is driven to realize rotation, and the other is driven to realize forward and backward movement; the speed and distance of forward and backward movement can be set according to the actual drawing situation, which improves the performance of ultra-fine metal or alloy wire.
  • the processing quality can avoid damage to the ultra-fine wire 4.
  • Step 1 First install one end of the tension rod 16 on the first wire axle 15 and the third wire axle 212 respectively, and then install the angular displacement sensor 17 on the other end of the tension rod 16, and install on the pay-off wheel and the wire drawing wheel 28 Sensor; finally install the pay-off reel 11 on the pay-off shaft 12, and in turn pass the metal or alloy wire 4 through the guide wheel 13, the first wire wheel 14, the connecting wire wheel 18, and the heat treatment wheel 21; and then thread the wire 4 through After passing the wire drawing unit, specifically, passing through the second wire wheel 22 and the mold 26, and then winding the wire 4 on the rubber sleeve 210 of the wire drawing wheel 28 for 3-5 times, passing through the third wire wheel 211, and then repeating the above steps to remove the wire 4 The wire passes through other wire drawing units in turn;
  • Step 2 The wire 4 that has passed the last wire drawing unit passes through the wire wheel and then enters the wire take-up system 3. After passing through the wire wheel of the wire take-up system 3, it is wound on the take-up reel 31 and fixed with tape, and the wire drawing is adjusted according to the actual situation. Speed and take-up width;
  • Step 3 Turn on the switch of the wire drawing liquid nozzle 24 to spray the wire drawing liquid to the center of the mold 26 through the wire drawing liquid nozzle 24, and adjust the liquid level of the wire drawing liquid tank 23 to meet actual needs;
  • Step 4 Turn on the power and start the device to start the drawing process of the ultra-fine metal or alloy wire 4.
  • the non-relative sliding ultrafine metal or alloy wire drawing device of the present invention adopts an independent wire drawing unit and a speed regulating device, and the drawing speed of each independent wire drawing unit can be individually controlled through the angular displacement sensor, thereby achieving The same speed drawing of multiple drawing units eliminates the sliding of metal or alloy wires on the drawing wheel and improves the surface quality of the wire. Due to the independent control of the speed of the drawing wheel, the ratio of the drawing dies can be unrestricted and reduced The stringent requirements of the mold ratio during the drawing process realize the adjustable drawing reduction rate during the drawing process, which improves the versatility of the equipment; reduces the maintenance cost and improves the processing efficiency and quality of the ultra-fine wire.

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metal Extraction Processes (AREA)

Abstract

一种无相对滑动超细金属或合金线材拉制装置，包括：放线系统（1），所述放线系统包括依次设置的放线轮、导向轮（13）、第一导线轮（14）和调速装置，所述调速装置用于控制所述放线系统的放线速度；拉丝系统（2），所述拉丝系统连接所述放线系统，所述拉丝系统包括热处理轮（21）和多个依次连接的拉丝单元，所述拉丝单元内也设置有所述调速装置；收线系统（3），所述收线系统连接所述拉丝系统，所述收线系统包括收线轮，用于对拉丝之后的线材回收。该装置的拉丝单元中的拉丝轮（28）速度可调，任何拉丝轮之间均无相对滑动，实现超极细金属或合金线材的无滑动拉制，消除了线材表面缺陷，拉丝模具的配比精度低，拉丝设备通用性高，维修成本低。

Description

一种无相对滑动超细金属或合金线材拉制装置 技术领域
本发明属于线材拉制技术领域，具体涉及一种无相对滑动超细金属或合金线材拉制装置。
背景技术
随着超大触控显示、柔性显示、OLED、微电子、医疗等领域的快速发展，对超极细金属及合金线材(直径小于0.015mm)需求越来越多。目前金属或合金丝加工采用滑动式拉丝机进行拉制，由于滑动拉丝机拉制过程中丝材与拉丝机塔轮之间存在相对滑动，在拉制较细金属或合金丝时该相对滑动将会给丝材表面带来损伤，进而引起断线；再者，由于滑动拉丝机塔轮速比一定，使得拉丝模具配比必须严格按照塔轮速比进行配置，整套拉丝模具减面率要求一致性高，否则将会导致拉丝过程中的断线或拉丝表面无法满足使用要求，滑动式拉丝机对模具孔径高精度的要求大大增加了模具成本。滑动式拉丝机的上述特征致使在金属或合金丝超极细加工过程中断线率较高，无法满足超极细金属或合金线材加工要求，获得大长度超极细金属或合金线材、降低拉丝过程中对模具的苛刻要求是超极细金属或合金丝加工亟待解决的问题。
现有的滑动式拉丝机在超极细线材加工方面存在如下问题：1.由于拉丝过程中拉丝塔轮与线材之间存在相对滑动，降低了线材表面的光洁度，严重损伤极细线材表面，从而引起断线；2.滑动式拉丝机由于拉丝塔轮速比一定，对拉丝模具配比要求严格，模具配比参数窗口较小；3.滑动式拉丝机不能任意调整线材加工减面率，设备通用性较差；4.滑动式拉丝机配件更换成本高，其中一个塔轮槽出现问题就需要更换整个塔轮。
因此，需要提供一种针对上述现有技术不足的改进技术方案。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种无相对滑动超细金属或合金线材拉制装置，以至少解决目前金属或合金线材超极细加工断线率高、表面质量较差、现有设备通用性差等问题。
为了实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：
一种无相对滑动超细金属或合金线材拉制装置，所述拉制装置包括：
放线系统，所述放线系统用于释放金属或合金线材，所述放线系统包括依次设置的放线轮、导向轮、第一导线轮和调速装置，所述调速装置用于控制所述放线系统的放线速度；
拉丝系统，所述拉丝系统连接所述放线系统，用于对所述放线系统释放的线材进行拉丝，所述拉丝系统包括热处理轮和多个依次连接的拉丝单元，所述拉丝单元内也设置有所述调速装置，所述调速装置用于控制每个所述拉丝单元的拉丝速度；
收线系统，所述收线系统连接所述拉丝系统，所述收线系统包括收线轮，用于对所述拉丝系统拉丝之后的线材回收成卷。
与最接近的现有技术相比，本发明提供的技术方案具有如下优异效果：
本发明的一种无相对滑动超细金属或合金线材拉制装置具有如下优异效果：
1.本装置中设置有多个拉丝单元，每个拉丝单元中的拉丝轮速度可调，通过高精度传感器独立控制每个拉丝轮速度，使线材拉制过程中与任何一个拉丝轮之间均无相对滑动，从而实现超极细金属或合金线材的无滑动拉制，消除了线材表面由于相对滑动导致的表面缺陷；
2.本装置中的每个拉丝轮都是独立控制可调整拉丝速度的，对拉丝的模具的配比没有特殊要求，降低了拉丝模具的配比精度；
3.实现了拉丝过程中加工减面率任意设置，提升了拉丝设备的通用性；
4.降低了设备维修成本，可针对每个拉丝单元部分单独维修(滑动式拉丝机塔轮只要有一个轮槽磨损，整个塔轮需要更换)，提升了超极细线材加工效率和质量。
附图说明
构成本申请的一部分的说明书附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的不当限定。其中：
图1为本发明实施例的超细金属或合金线材拉制装置结构示意图；
图2为图1中的放线系统的结构示意图；
图3为图1中的拉丝单元的结构示意图。
图中：1、放线系统；11、放线盘；12、放线轴；13、导向轮；14、第一导线轮；15、第一导线轮轴；16、张力杆；17、角位移传感器；18、连接导线轮；19、固定支架；2、拉丝系统；21、热处理轮；22、第二导线轮；23、拉丝液槽；231、槽孔；24、拉丝液喷嘴；25、弹簧压片；26、模具；27、底座；28、拉丝轮；29、拉丝轮轴；210、胶套；211、第三导线轮；212、第三导线轮轴；213、定速轮；3、收线系统；31、收线盘；32、收线轴；33、激光排线器；4、线材。
具体实施方式
下面将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本发明。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本发明中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
如图1所示，根据本发明的实施例，提供了一种无相对滑动超细金属或合金线材拉制装置，本发明的无相对滑动超极细金属或合金线材拉制装置，通过采用角位移传感器单独控制每一个拉丝单元中拉丝轮的速度，从而实现对超极细金属或合金线材的拉制，由于每一个拉丝轮的转速可以独立控制，从而实现速度同步，消除了金属或合金线材在拉丝轮上的滑动，提高了金属或合金线材的表面质量；拉丝轮转速的独立控制，使得拉丝模具配比可以不受限制，降低了拉丝过程对模具配比的严格要求，实现了拉丝过程中拉丝减面率可调，提升了设备的通用性。
本发明的无相对滑动超细金属或合金线材拉制装置包括：
放线系统1，放线系统1用于释放金属或合金线材4，放线系统1包括依次设置的放线轮、导向轮13、第一导线轮14和调速装置，调速装置用于控制放线系统1的放线速度。
本发明的具体实施例中，放线轮包括放线盘11和放线轴12，其中放线盘11通过螺母安装在放线轴12上，放线轴12通过伺服电机驱动；导向轮13安装在固定支架19上，导向轮13可旋转，随着金属或合金线材4在放线盘11上放出位置不同，导向轮13自动旋转相应的角度，避免线材4与导向轮13边缘摩擦。
本发明的具体实施例中，调速装置包括张力杆16和角位移传感器17，张力杆16一端连接角位移传感器17，另一端连接第一导线轮14；第一导线轮14后还设置有一个连接导线轮18，第一导线轮14通过线材4连接设置在导向轮13和连接导线轮18之间的下部，放线轮上设置有传感器，当第一导线轮14相对于后面拉丝系统2速度不一致时，第一导线轮14会改变位置，上下摆动，进而导致张力杆16的角度放生改变，此时角位移传感器17感受到此角度变化，角位移传感器17通过传感器控制放线轴12的转速，使其和拉丝系统2的拉丝速度一致，防止线材4相对滑动。优选地，张力杆16材料为碳纤维，在其他实施例中也可以是铝合金、钛合金等其他超轻材料制作，进而减轻张力杆16的重量，以提高张力杆16传力灵敏性。
优选地，第一导线轮14内包括第一导线轮轴15，张力杆16的另一端连接在第一导线轮轴15上。
拉丝系统2，拉丝系统2连接放线系统1，用于对放线系统1释放的线材4进行拉丝，拉丝系统2包括热处理轮21和多个依次连接的拉丝单元，拉丝单元内也设置有调速装置，调速装置用于控制每个拉丝单元的拉丝速度。拉丝系统2中的调速装置与放线系统1中的调速装置相同。
本发明的具体实施例中，拉丝单元包括第二导线轮22、模具26、拉丝轮28、第三导线轮211和调速装置；第二导线轮22设置有两个，模具26设置在两个第二导线轮22之间；第二导线轮22包括第二导线轮轴，两个第二导线轮22和第二导线轮轴处于同一水平线上，且第二导线轮22和第二导线轮轴安装在拉丝系统2的机架上。经过模具26压制过的线材4进入拉丝轮28，从拉丝轮28出来的线材4再经过第三导线轮211然后进入下一个拉丝单元。拉丝轮28通过螺母固定在拉丝轮轴29上，拉丝轮轴29由伺服电机控制转动。
本发明的具体实施例中，第三导线轮211内设置有第三导线轮轴212，调速装置的张力杆16与第三导线轮轴212连接，通过第三导线轮211的位置 变化调控拉丝轮28的转速。当此拉丝单元的拉丝速度与其他拉丝单元的拉丝速度不一致，会导致第三导线轮211位置发生摆动，进而张力杆16位置改变，张力杆16一端连接的角位移传感器17接收信号，通过拉丝轮28上设置的传感器感应信号，控制拉丝轮轴29的转速，进而调控此拉丝单元的拉丝速度，经过调整拉丝速度后，确保每一个拉丝单元的拉丝速度相同，防止金属或合金线材4滑动。
优选地，热处理轮21安装在热处理轮轴上，并通过电刷提供直流电流；热处理轮21材质为纯铜或铜合金，确保其导电率高于60％IACS。热处理轮轴的材质为耐热合金钢。这样可以确保热处理轮21快速导热，提高超细金属或合金线材4的拉丝加工效率和设备的使用寿命。
本发明的具体实施例中，拉丝单元还包括润滑系统，润滑系统设置在模具26前方，包括拉丝液槽23和拉丝液喷嘴24，拉丝液喷嘴24通过螺纹连接在拉丝系统2的机架上，拉丝液槽23设置在拉丝液喷嘴24下方，拉丝液喷嘴24喷射拉丝液至线材4表面用于润滑，拉丝液槽23用于收集洒落的拉丝液；两个第二导线轮22分别安装在拉丝液槽23两端的机架上；优选地，拉丝液喷嘴24高度和喷射拉丝液的流量可调，通过调整拉丝液喷嘴24的高度使得拉丝液喷嘴24出液方向正对模具26中心；拉丝液喷嘴24上设置有调整旋钮，根据实际情况可调整拉丝液流量大小。
优选地，拉丝液槽23底部设置有槽孔231和调节旋钮，调节旋钮可控制拉丝液从槽孔231的流出量，进而控制拉丝液槽23内的液量即液面高度；再优选地，拉丝液的浓度范围为0.3-8％(比如0.4％、0.6％、0.8％、1％、1.5％、2％、2.5％、3％、3.5％、4％、4.5％、5％、5.5％、6％、6.5％、7％、7.5％、8％)，在此范围内，可以对线材4充分有效润湿，有效避免模具26压制过程中的断线和表面损伤；浓度过小达不到有效润滑，浓度过大，容易堵塞模具26的穿线孔，造成拉拔力过大，引起断线。
模具26通过弹簧压片25固定在底座27上，底座27的高度和方向可调；优选地，底座27可在水平方向旋转，旋转角度不小于30°；此处的旋转角度代表以放线轴12的轴向为基准方向，底座27可旋转至放线轴12的左侧的最大边界位置与右侧的最大边界位置之间形成的角度；底座27可以上下、左右移动，并可以在水平方向内旋转一定角度，以确保拉丝线材4入口与模具 26口中心呈垂直方向，以便提高线材4的拉制质量，减少断线发生。
本发明的具体实施例中，拉丝轮28外表面套设有胶套210，胶套210通过过盈配合安装在拉丝轮28上；优选地，胶套210的摩擦系数大于1.22，胶套210的材质可以为硅橡胶或氟橡胶，也可以是其他摩擦系数大于1.22的材质，以确保金属或合金线材4在胶套210上无滑动。
本发明的具体实施例中，最后一个拉丝单元的拉丝轮28为定速轮213，定速轮213作为速度控制基准，各个拉丝单元中拉丝轮28转动速度由定速轮213确定，定速轮213的转动速度由拉丝工艺确定，这样可将前面所有的误差都通过定速轮213消除；拉丝系统2可以依据具体要求设置不多于20个拉丝单元。超过20个拉丝单元会使控制的拉丝速度精度下降，降低拉丝效果，影响拉丝线材4的质量。
收线系统3，收线系统3连接拉丝系统2，收线系统3包括收线轮，用于对拉丝系统2拉丝之后的线材4回收成卷。
本发明的具体实施例中，收线系统还包括排线导轮，排线导轮设置在收线轮前面，排线导轮通过螺母连接在排线导轮轴上，通过排线导轮的引导将线材4回收到收线轮上；收线系统3还包括激光排线器33，激光排线器33的作用类似于传感器，用于检测排线宽度和位置。
收线轮包括收线盘31和收线轴32，收线盘31通过螺母连接在收线轴32上，收线轴32由电机驱动实现旋转。优选地，收线轴32由两个伺服电机进行驱动，一个驱动实现旋转，另一个驱动实现前后移动；前后移动的速度和距离根据实际拉丝情况需要进行设定，提高对超细金属或合金线材4的加工质量，避免对超极细线材4造成损伤。
在使用本发明的无相对滑动超细金属或合金线材4拉制装置时，具体操作步骤如下：
步骤一、首先将张力杆16的一端分别安装在第一导线轮轴15和第三导线轮轴212上，然后再张力杆16的另一端安装角位移传感器17，在放线轮和拉丝轮28上安装传感器；最后将放线盘11安装在放线轴12上，依次将金属或合金线材4穿过导向轮13、第一导线轮14、连接导线轮18、热处理轮 21；再将线材4丝穿过拉丝单元，具体为穿过第二导线轮22和模具26，再将线材4在拉丝轮28胶套210上绕3-5圈后，通过第三导线轮211，然后重复上述步骤将线材4丝依次穿过其他拉丝单元；
步骤二、经过最后一个拉丝单元的线材4再穿过导线轮后进入收线系统3，通过收线系统3的导线轮后绕到收线盘31上，并用胶带固定，并根据实际情况调整拉丝速度和收线宽度；
步骤三、打开拉丝液喷嘴24开关，使拉丝液通过拉丝液喷嘴24喷洒到模具26中心位置，并调节拉丝液槽23的液面高度使其满足实际需要；
步骤四、打开电源，启动本装置开始超细金属或合金线材4的拉制过程。
综上所述，本发明的无相对滑动超细金属或合金线材拉制装置采用独立的拉丝单元和调速装置，通过角位移传感器可以单独控制每一个独立的拉丝单元的拉制速度，从而实现多个拉丝单元的同速拉制，消除了金属或合金线材丝在拉丝轮上的滑动，提高了丝材表面质量；由于拉丝轮转速的独立控制，拉丝模具配比可以不受限制，降低了拉丝过程对模具配比的严格要求，实现了拉丝过程拉丝减面率可调，提升了设备的通用性；降低了维修成本，提升了超细线材的加工效率和质量。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种无相对滑动超细金属或合金线材拉制装置，其特征在于，所述拉制装置包括：
    放线系统，所述放线系统用于释放金属或合金线材，所述放线系统包括依次设置的放线轮、导向轮、第一导线轮和调速装置，所述调速装置用于控制所述放线系统的放线速度；
    拉丝系统，所述拉丝系统连接所述放线系统，用于对所述放线系统释放的线材进行拉丝，所述拉丝系统包括热处理轮和多个依次连接的拉丝单元，所述拉丝单元内也设置有所述调速装置，所述调速装置用于控制每个所述拉丝单元的拉丝速度；
    收线系统，所述收线系统连接所述拉丝系统，所述收线系统包括收线轮，用于对所述拉丝系统拉丝之后的线材回收成卷。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的无相对滑动超细金属或合金线材拉制装置，其特征在于，所述拉丝单元包括第二导线轮、模具、拉丝轮、第三导线轮和所述调速装置；
    所述第二导线轮设置有两个，所述模具设置在两个所述第二导线轮之间；
    经过所述模具压制过的线材进入所述拉丝轮，从所述拉丝轮出来的线材再经过所述第三导线轮然后进入下一个所述拉丝单元；
    所述调速装置与所述第三导线轮连接，通过所述第三导线轮的位置变化调控所述拉丝轮的转速。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的无相对滑动超细金属或合金线材拉制装置，其特征在于，所述调速装置包括张力杆和角位移传感器，所述张力杆一端连接所述角位移传感器，另一端连接所述第一导线轮或所述第三导线轮；所述放线轮和所述拉丝轮上均设置有传感器，所述角位移传感器通过所述传感器控制所述放线轮和所述拉丝轮的转速；
    所述张力杆材料为碳纤维。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的无相对滑动超细金属或合金线材拉制装置，其特征在于，所述导向轮安装在固定支架上，所述导向轮可旋转。
  5. 如权利要求2所述的无相对滑动超细金属或合金线材拉制装置，其特征在于，所述拉丝单元还包括润滑系统，所述润滑系统设置在所述模具的前方，包括拉丝液槽和拉丝液喷嘴，所述拉丝液喷嘴喷射拉丝液至线材表面用于润滑；所述拉丝液槽设置在拉丝液喷嘴的下方，用于收集洒落的拉丝液；
    所述拉丝液喷嘴的高度和喷射拉丝液流量可调，且所述拉丝液喷嘴的出液方向正对所述模具中心；
    所述拉丝液槽底部设置有槽孔和调节旋钮，所述调节旋钮可控制拉丝液从所述槽孔的流出量，进而控制所述拉丝液槽内的液面高度；
    所述拉丝液的浓度范围为0.3-8％。
  6. 如权利要求2所述的无相对滑动超细金属或合金线材拉制装置，其特征在于，所述模具通过弹簧压片固定在底座上，所述底座的高度和方向可调；
    所述底座可在水平方向上旋转，旋转角度不小于30°。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的无相对滑动超细金属或合金线材拉制装置，其特征在于，所述热处理轮安装在热处理轮轴上，所述热处理轮的材质为纯铜或铜合金；所述热处理轮轴的材质为耐热合金钢；
    所述热处理轮的导电率高于60％IACS。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的无相对滑动超细金属或合金线材拉制装置，其特征在于，所述收线系统还包括激光排线器；所述收线轮包括收线盘和收线轴，所述收线盘通过螺母连接在所述收线轴上，所述收线轴由电机驱动实现旋转。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的无相对滑动超细金属或合金线材拉制装置，其特征在于，所述收线轴由两个伺服电机进行驱动，一个驱动实现收线轴的旋转，另一个驱动实现收线轴的前后移动。
  10. 如权利要求2所述的无相对滑动超细金属或合金线材拉制装置，其特征在于，所述拉丝轮外表面套设有胶套，所述胶套通过过盈配合安装在所述拉丝轮上；
    所述胶套的摩擦系数大于1.22。
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CN113353723A (zh) * 2021-04-29 2021-09-07 戴顿 一种铝铜合金漆包线的收线设备
CN113523010B (zh) * 2021-06-01 2023-03-10 先导薄膜材料有限公司 一种金属丝制备方法
CN113523010A (zh) * 2021-06-01 2021-10-22 先导薄膜材料有限公司 一种金属丝制备方法
CN113485225A (zh) * 2021-06-19 2021-10-08 张家港三丰机电开发有限公司 一种收线轴移动收线式卷曲机及其控制系统
CN113829129A (zh) * 2021-08-22 2021-12-24 孙晓茹 一种洗碗槽不锈钢拉丝工艺及装置
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CN114472563A (zh) * 2022-02-24 2022-05-13 江西科惠达实业有限公司 一种带有张紧装置的铜包铝线拉丝机
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CN114751251A (zh) * 2022-05-20 2022-07-15 湖北三江航天江北机械工程有限公司 钢帘线收线装置及收线方法
CN114951325A (zh) * 2022-05-26 2022-08-30 重庆泰山电缆有限公司 一种拉丝放线辅助装置及拉丝放线系统
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