WO2021036675A1 - 冷链装备电池仓温度控制系统 - Google Patents

冷链装备电池仓温度控制系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021036675A1
WO2021036675A1 PCT/CN2020/105826 CN2020105826W WO2021036675A1 WO 2021036675 A1 WO2021036675 A1 WO 2021036675A1 CN 2020105826 W CN2020105826 W CN 2020105826W WO 2021036675 A1 WO2021036675 A1 WO 2021036675A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery compartment
temperature
temperature sensor
compartment
battery
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2020/105826
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
何远新
胡海滨
刘凤伟
张俊
常海
岳胜娥
吴帅
Original Assignee
中车长江车辆有限公司
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201921434096.7U external-priority patent/CN210468031U/zh
Priority claimed from CN201910817629.8A external-priority patent/CN110492199B/zh
Application filed by 中车长江车辆有限公司 filed Critical 中车长江车辆有限公司
Priority to KR1020227007711A priority Critical patent/KR20220052949A/ko
Publication of WO2021036675A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021036675A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/66—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
    • B60H1/00278—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit for the battery
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D27/00—Heating, cooling, ventilating, or air-conditioning
    • B61D27/0072—Means for cooling only
    • B61D27/0081—Means for cooling only of wagons for transporting refrigerated goods
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/63—Control systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32—Cooling devices
    • B60H2001/3286—Constructional features
    • B60H2001/3292—Compressor drive is electric only
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present disclosure belongs to the technical field of cold chain transportation, and in particular relates to a temperature control system for a battery compartment of a cold chain equipment.
  • the existing international and domestic railway cold chain equipment has adopted mechanical refrigeration with diesel as the energy source.
  • Existing railway cold chain equipment is mainly powered by diesel to meet the demand for refrigeration.
  • the refrigeration unit in the mechanical refrigerated truck adopts an integrated diesel generator set, which drives the compressor of the refrigeration unit through diesel power generation, thereby generating refrigeration and ensuring the set temperature range of the cold chain goods to be transported.
  • the present disclosure provides a cold chain equipment battery compartment temperature control system to replace the prior art refrigeration method that uses diesel as the power source, and solves the problem of the cold chain equipment in the prior art due to the all-weather Operation, the temperature of the external environment is too high, and the temperature rise of the battery compartment caused by the lithium battery's long-term work and heat dissipation. At the same time, it can reduce environmental pollution and noise pollution, which is beneficial to energy saving and emission reduction.
  • a cold chain equipment battery compartment temperature control system which may include: a refrigerated compartment, the refrigerated compartment can be arranged on the bottom frame; a battery compartment, the battery compartment can be arranged at all On the chassis; power battery, the power battery can be fixedly arranged in the battery compartment; a third temperature sensor, the third temperature sensor can be fixedly arranged in the battery compartment, for real-time acquisition of the battery compartment
  • the temperature data of the electric refrigeration unit the electric refrigeration unit can be fixedly arranged on the chassis, and the electric refrigeration unit can be connected to the power battery; the output part of the electric refrigeration unit can be connected to the refrigeration unit
  • the compartments are connected, and the power battery can provide power for the electric refrigeration unit; the electric refrigeration unit can cool the refrigerated compartment; the second temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor can be used to obtain the bottom The ambient temperature where the rack is located; connecting pipelines, the battery compartment and the refrigerated compartment can be connected by the connecting pipelines, and the connecting pipelines may be provided with
  • Temperature data sent by a temperature sensor when the temperature data acquired by the third temperature sensor is greater than the temperature data acquired by the second temperature sensor to a first preset value, the controller may send an opening signal to the control valve
  • the control valve can receive the opening signal, and the control valve can be opened; the cold air in the refrigerated compartment can be delivered to the battery compartment through a connecting pipe to reduce the temperature in the battery compartment.
  • the first preset value may be 5-10°.
  • the controller may send a notification to the control valve A closing signal is issued, and the control valve can receive the closing signal; the control valve is disconnected, and the connecting pipeline is disconnected to stop the cold air delivery to the battery compartment, so as to reduce the excessive flow of cold air in the refrigerated compartment In the battery compartment, the refrigeration effect of the refrigerated compartment is guaranteed.
  • the second preset value may be 0-5°.
  • control system may further include: a first temperature sensor, and the first temperature sensor may be arranged in the refrigerated compartment for real-time acquisition of temperature data in the refrigerated compartment;
  • the controller and the first temperature sensor can communicate, and the controller can receive and process temperature data sent by the first temperature sensor; when the temperature data of the first temperature sensor is greater than a third preset value
  • the controller can send a closing signal to the control valve, and the control valve can receive the closing signal; the control valve is disconnected, and the connecting pipeline is disconnected to stop the delivery to the battery compartment Cold air to ensure the refrigeration effect of the refrigerated compartment.
  • the third preset value may be -15° or 5°.
  • both the battery compartment and the refrigerated compartment may be sequentially arranged on the top of the bottom frame, and a partition may be provided in the battery compartment;
  • the battery compartment is divided into an upper part and a lower part that are isolated from each other, and the power battery and the third temperature sensor can be arranged in the lower part of the battery compartment; the lower part of the battery compartment and the refrigerated compartment can be connected through the connection
  • the pipeline is connected, and the electric refrigeration unit and the second temperature sensor may be arranged on the upper part of the battery compartment.
  • one end of the connecting pipeline may be arranged in the refrigerated compartment, and the connecting pipeline may pass through the side wall of the refrigerated compartment; another part of the connecting pipeline One end can be arranged in the battery compartment, and the connecting pipe can be arranged in a curved shape through the side wall of the refrigerated compartment, so that the path through which the connecting pipe passes on the side wall of the refrigerated compartment can be extended to optimize Local heat leakage caused by the direct wall structure to ensure the refrigeration effect of the refrigerated compartment.
  • a plurality of air outlets may be provided on the tube body of the connecting pipeline of the battery compartment to improve the air outlet effect of the connecting pipeline and enable the battery compartment to quickly cool down.
  • the battery compartment may also be cooled quickly.
  • the cold chain equipment battery compartment temperature control system provided by the present disclosure, because the battery compartment can be installed on the bottom frame, and the power battery can be fixedly installed in the battery compartment; the electric refrigeration unit can be fixedly installed on the bottom frame, and electric The refrigeration unit can be connected to the power battery; the output of the electric refrigeration unit can be connected to the refrigerated compartment, and the power battery can provide power for the electric refrigeration unit, and the electric refrigeration unit can cool the refrigerated compartment; this pure electric drive refrigeration method replaces In the prior art, the refrigeration method using diesel as the power source can reduce environmental pollution and noise pollution, and is beneficial to energy saving and emission reduction.
  • the third temperature sensor can be fixedly arranged in the battery compartment for real-time acquisition of temperature data in the battery compartment; the second temperature sensor can be used for real-time acquisition of the bottom temperature.
  • the temperature of the environment where the rack is located, and the battery compartment and the refrigerated compartment can be connected through a connecting pipeline; the connecting pipeline can be provided with a control valve that controls the on and off of the connecting pipeline, and the controller can be connected to the second temperature sensor and the third temperature respectively.
  • the sensor communicates with the control valve; the controller can receive and process the temperature data sent by the second temperature sensor and the third temperature sensor; when the temperature data obtained by the third temperature sensor is greater than the temperature data obtained by the second temperature sensor, the controller can reach the first preset When the value is set, the controller can send an opening signal to the control valve, and the control valve can receive the opening signal, so that the control valve opens, and the cold air in the refrigerated compartment is delivered to the battery compartment through the connecting pipe to reduce the temperature in the battery compartment; It can effectively control the temperature of the battery compartment, avoid the hidden dangers of the service life and the safety of use caused by the high temperature, and solve the battery caused by the cold chain equipment in the prior art due to the all-weather operation, the high temperature of the external environment and the heat dissipation of the lithium battery for a long time.
  • the temperature rise of the warehouse avoids affecting the safety of transportation links.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structural arrangement of a temperature control system for a battery compartment of a cold chain equipment according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of logic control of the controller in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the connecting pipeline in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an example of the arrangement of the connecting pipeline in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the connecting pipeline in Fig. 1 in the battery compartment.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structural arrangement of a temperature control system for a battery compartment of a cold chain equipment according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the control system may include a refrigerated compartment 1, a battery compartment 4, a power battery, a second temperature sensor 7.2, an electric refrigeration unit 2, a third temperature sensor 7.3, and a connecting pipe. Road 6 and controller 3.
  • the refrigerated compartment 1 may be arranged on the underframe, and the two sides of the bottom of the underframe in the first direction may be separately supported by two sets of bogies; therefore, the refrigerated compartment 1 Cars can be transported on railways to meet the transportation needs of large-scale cold chains.
  • the battery compartment 4 can be arranged on the bottom frame, and the power battery can be fixedly arranged in the battery compartment 4; and the electric refrigeration unit 2 can also be fixedly arranged on the bottom frame.
  • the electric refrigeration unit 2 can be connected to the power battery; the output of the electric refrigeration unit 2 can be connected to the refrigerated compartment 1, and the power battery can provide power for the electric refrigeration unit 2, and the electric refrigeration unit 2 can cool the refrigerated compartment 1
  • the purely electric-driven refrigeration method provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure replaces the refrigeration method that uses diesel as the power source in the prior art to reduce environmental pollution and noise pollution, and is beneficial to energy saving and emission reduction.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of logic control of the controller in Fig. 1.
  • the third temperature sensor 7.3 can be fixedly arranged in the battery compartment 4 for real-time acquisition of temperature data in the battery compartment 4; the second temperature sensor 7.2 can be used The ambient temperature of the undercarriage is obtained in real time, and the battery compartment 4 and the refrigerated compartment 1 can be connected through the connecting pipe 6; the connecting pipe 6 can be provided with a control valve 5 that controls the on and off of the connecting pipe 6, and the controller 3 can communicate with the second temperature sensor 7.2, the third temperature sensor 7.3 and the control valve 5 respectively; the controller 3 can receive and process the temperature data sent by the second temperature sensor 7.2 and the third temperature sensor 7.3; when the third temperature sensor 7.3 When the temperature data acquired by 7.3 is greater than the temperature data acquired by the second temperature sensor 7.2 to the first preset value, the controller 3 can send an opening signal to the control valve 5, and the control valve 5 can receive the opening signal; the control valve 5
  • the first preset value may be 5-10°, that is, when the temperature data acquired by the third temperature sensor 7.3 is greater than the temperature data acquired by the second temperature sensor 7.2 by 5-10°,
  • the control valve 5 is opened, and the cold air in the refrigerated compartment 1 can be delivered to the battery compartment 4 through the connecting pipe 6 to reduce the temperature in the battery compartment 4.
  • the controller 3 may control The valve 5 sends a closing signal, and the control valve 5 can receive the closing signal; the control valve 5 is disconnected, and the connecting pipe 6 is disconnected; the refrigerated compartment 1 stops sending cold air to the battery compartment 4 to reduce excessive cold air in the refrigerated compartment 1 Flow into the battery compartment 4 to ensure the refrigeration effect of the refrigerated compartment.
  • the second preset value may be 0-5°, that is, when the temperature data acquired by the third temperature sensor 7.3 is less than the temperature data acquired by the second temperature sensor 7.2 to 0-5°,
  • the control valve 5 is disconnected, and the refrigerated compartment 1 stops sending cold air to the battery compartment 4 to ensure the refrigerating effect of the refrigerated compartment.
  • the control system may further include a first temperature sensor 7.1; the first temperature sensor 7.1 may be arranged in the refrigerated compartment 1 for real-time acquisition of the refrigerated compartment 1 Temperature data; the controller 3 and the first temperature sensor 7.1 can communicate, and the controller 3 can receive and process the temperature data sent by the first temperature sensor 7.1; when the temperature data of the first temperature sensor 7.1 is greater than the third preset value , The controller 3 can send a closing signal to the control valve 5; the control valve 5 can receive the closing signal, and the control valve 5 is disconnected; the connecting pipe 6 is disconnected, so that the refrigerated compartment 1 stops sending cold air to the battery compartment 4, so that Avoid excessive cold air output to ensure the refrigeration effect of the refrigerated compartment 1.
  • the third preset value when the railway cold chain equipment transports frozen food, the third preset value may be -15°, that is, when the temperature data of the first temperature sensor 7.1 is greater than -15°, The control valve 5 is disconnected to ensure that the internal temperature of the refrigerated carriage meets the freezing requirements of frozen food; when the railway cold chain equipment transports fresh goods, the third preset value can be 5°, that is, when the first temperature sensor 7.1 When the temperature data is greater than 5°, the control valve 5 is disconnected to ensure that the internal temperature of the refrigerated compartment meets the storage requirements for fresh goods.
  • the controller when the temperature of the battery compartment is higher than a certain value of the ambient temperature, the controller can control the valve to open; when the temperature is not much different, the control valve can be closed, so as to maintain the temperature of the battery compartment and give priority Ensure the temperature in the refrigerated compartment 1.
  • a mechanical refrigeration mechanism such as a fan, etc. may be provided in the battery compartment; when the cold air in the refrigerated compartment 1 cannot be delivered to the battery compartment 4, and the temperature in the battery compartment 4 is too high , The controller can control the mechanical refrigeration mechanism to control the temperature in the battery compartment to be at a suitable temperature.
  • the battery compartment 4 and the refrigerated compartment 1 can be arranged on the top of the bottom frame in sequence, and a partition 8 can be provided in the battery compartment 4;
  • the battery compartment 4 is divided into an upper part and a lower part that are isolated from each other, that is, the upper part and the lower part of the battery compartment 4 are not connected;
  • the power battery and the third temperature sensor 7.3 can be arranged in the lower part of the battery compartment 4, and the lower part of the battery compartment 4 and the refrigerated compartment 1 It can be connected through the connecting pipe 6;
  • the electric refrigeration unit 2 and the second temperature sensor 7.2 can be arranged in the upper part of the battery compartment 4, so that the second temperature sensor 7.2 and the third temperature sensor 7.3 can be isolated from each other to obtain the changes required by each Accurate temperature data.
  • the controller 3 can be arranged on the upper part of the partition 8 so that the controller 3 can be operated at a suitable temperature to make it work normally.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the connecting pipeline in Fig. 1. 1 and 3, in some embodiments of the present disclosure, one end of the connecting pipe 6 can be arranged in the refrigerated compartment 1, and the connecting pipe 6 can pass through the side wall of the refrigerated compartment 1; the connecting pipe 6 The other end can be arranged in the lower part of the battery compartment 4, and the connecting pipe 6 can be arranged in a curved shape through the side wall of the refrigerated compartment 1, so that the path through which the connecting pipe 6 passes on the side wall of the refrigerated compartment 1 can be extended. , In order to optimize the local heat leakage problem caused by the direct wall structure to ensure the refrigeration effect of the refrigerated compartment.
  • the connecting pipe 6 may be Z-shaped as a whole, and the side wall of the refrigerated compartment 1 may be bent.
  • the shape of the connecting pipe 6 at the side wall of the refrigerated compartment 1 may also be a wave shape, etc., which is not limited in the present disclosure.
  • the outside of the connecting pipe 6 can be wrapped with heat preservation and heat insulation measures such as heat insulation materials to further reduce heat leakage. Play the effect of maintaining the temperature of the cold air.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement of the connecting pipeline in Fig. 1.
  • the connecting pipeline 6 may be provided with multiple, and the multiple connecting pipelines 6 may be arranged in sequence along the width direction of the chassis, so that the connecting pipeline can be improved.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the connecting pipeline in Fig. 1 in the battery compartment.
  • a plurality of air outlets 9 may be provided on the tube body of the connecting pipeline 6 of the battery compartment 4, so that the air outlet effect of the connecting pipeline can be improved, and the battery The warehouse can cool down quickly.
  • a plurality of air outlets 9 may be oppositely arranged on the connecting pipeline 6 along a central axis parallel to the connecting pipeline 6.
  • the models of the first temperature sensor 7.1, the second temperature sensor 7.2, and the third temperature sensor 7.3 may all be pt100 temperature sensors; and the control valve 5 may be an electric normally closed control valve.
  • Devices of other models that can implement the functions of the embodiments of the present disclosure are also within the protection scope of the embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the battery compartment can be arranged below or above the refrigerated compartment; in this case, the electric refrigeration unit can be arranged at the front and rear ends of the refrigerated compartment, which is not limited in the present disclosure.
  • the above-mentioned cold chain equipment battery compartment temperature control system is not only applicable to railway cold chain transportation, but it can also be adapted to be applied to cold chain transportation such as roads and waterways. There is no restriction on the content.
  • the cold chain equipment battery compartment temperature control system provided by the present disclosure can effectively solve some of the main problems mentioned in the background art, thereby establishing a cold chain equipment battery compartment temperature control system at low cost. Avoiding a high-temperature working environment can effectively improve battery life, thereby reducing the life cycle cost of railway cold chain equipment, and greatly improving the economic efficiency of my country's new energy power battery cold chain equipment, while effectively ensuring the transportation safety of railways and other links.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

本公开内容公开了一种冷链装备电池仓温度控制系统。其中，控制系统的冷藏车厢（1）可以设置在底架上，并且电池仓（4）和电动制冷机组（2）可以设置在底架上；电动制冷机组（2）可以和动力电池连接，并且电动制冷机组（2）的输出部可以和冷藏车厢（1）连通；动力电池可以固定设置在电池仓（4）内，并且可以用于实时获取电池仓（4）内的温度数据的第三温度传感器（7.3）可以固定设置在电池仓（4）内；第二温度传感器（7.2）可以用于实时获取底架所处的环境温度，并且电池仓（4）和冷藏车厢（1）可以通过连接管路连接；连接管路上可以设置有控制连接管路通断的控制阀（5），并且控制器分别可以和第二温度传感器（7.2）、第三温度传感器（7.3）以及控制阀（5）相通讯。本公开内容可有效控制电池仓温度，避免温度过高引起使用寿命以及使用安全性的隐患，以避免影响铁路等运输环节的安全性。

Description

冷链装备电池仓温度控制系统
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2019年8月30日提交、申请号为201910817629.8且名称为“冷链装备电池仓温度控制系统”的中国专利申请以及于2019年8月30日提交、申请号为201921434096.7且名称为“冷链装备电池仓温度控制系统”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用合并于此。
技术领域
本公开内容属于冷链运输技术领域，尤其涉及一种冷链装备电池仓温度控制系统。
背景技术
自从我国铁路冷链装备研发制造以来，国际及国内的现有铁路冷链装备均采用柴油为能源的机械制冷。现有的铁路冷链装备为满足制冷的需求，主要以柴油作为动力。此外，机械冷藏车中的制冷机组采用集成柴油发电机组，通过柴油发电驱动制冷机组的压缩机，从而产生制冷作用，保障运输的冷链货物的设定温度范围。
现有技术中，柴油作为能源的机械制冷时，燃油燃烧所排放的二氧化碳及含硫磷化合物的废气对环境污染较为严重，不利于铁路节能减排。同时，柴油发电机组噪音较大，在铁路运输冷链货物时对周边会产生噪音污染。
申请人发现现有技术中至少存在以下不足：
我国幅员辽阔，铁路运输一般要按照7天时间来考虑水果、蔬菜、冻肉等冷链货物运输，而且铁路运输及其联运处于全天候复杂环境，特别是在新疆、内蒙等地夏季气温高温达50度以上。鉴于此，如果在既有的铁路冷链装备中采用动力电池带动发电机组为制冷装置提供动力，则 动力电池需满足全天候运行条件并能抵御过高的外界环境温度。此外，动力电池在工作时自身也会发热，若铁路冷链装备中的电池仓温度过高则会对电池寿命产生显著影响，而且过高的温度也有可能会引起动力电池本身的热失控，从而引发起火等安全隐患，将严重影响铁路等运输环节的安全。
因此，需对现有技术进行改进，提供一种以动力电源为能源的制冷方式，以解决现有技术中冷链装备由于全天候运行、外界环境温度过高以及锂电池长时间工作散热所引起的电池仓温度上升的问题。
发明内容
针对上述现有技术存在的问题，本公开内容提供了一种冷链装备电池仓温度控制系统来取代现有技术中通过柴油为动力源的制冷方式，解决了现有技术中冷链装备由于全天候运行、外界环境温度过高以及锂电池长时间工作散热所引起的电池仓温度上升的问题，同时能够减轻环境污染和噪音污染，有利于节能减排。
在本公开内容的一个方面，提供了一种冷链装备电池仓温度控制系统，其可以包括：冷藏车厢，所述冷藏车厢可以设置在底架上；电池仓，所述电池仓可以设置在所述底架上；动力电池，所述动力电池可以固定设置在所述电池仓内；第三温度传感器，所述第三温度传感器可以固定设置在所述电池仓内，用于实时获取电池仓内的温度数据；电动制冷机组，所述电动制冷机组可以固定设置在所述底架上，并且所述电动制冷机组可以和所述动力电池连接；所述电动制冷机组的输出部可以和所述冷藏车厢连通，并且所述动力电池可以为所述电动制冷机组提供动力；所述电动制冷机组可以对所述冷藏车厢制冷；第二温度传感器，所述第二温度传感器可以用于实时获取所述底架所处的环境温度；连接管路，所述电池仓和所述冷藏车厢可以通过所述连接管路连接，并且所述连接管路上可以设置有控制所述连接管路通断的控制阀；控制器，所述控制器分别可以和所述第二温度传感器、所述第三温度传感器以及所述 控制阀相通讯；所述控制器可以接收并处理所述第二温度传感器以及所述第三温度传感器发送的温度数据；当所述第三温度传感器获取的温度数据大于所述第二温度传感器获取的温度数据到第一预设值时，所述控制器可以向所述控制阀发出开启信号；所述控制阀可以接收所述开启信号，并且所述控制阀可以开启；所述冷藏车厢内的冷风可以通过连接管路输送至所述电池仓内，以降低所述电池仓内的温度。
在本公开内容的一些实施方式中，所述第一预设值可以为5～10°。
在本公开内容的一些实施方式中，当所述第三温度传感器获取的温度数据小于所述第二温度传感器获取的温度数据到第二预设值时，所述控制器可以向所述控制阀发出关闭信号，并且所述控制阀可以接收所述关闭信号；所述控制阀断开，并且所述连接管路断开，以停止向电池仓输送冷风，以减少冷藏车厢的冷风过多的流向电池仓内，保证冷藏车厢的冷藏效果。
在本公开内容的一些实施方式中，所述第二预设值可以为0～5°。
在本公开内容的一些实施方式中，所述控制系统还可以包括：第一温度传感器，所述第一温度传感器可以设置在所述冷藏车厢内，用于实时获取冷藏车厢内的温度数据；所述控制器和所述第一温度传感器可以相通讯，并且所述控制器可以接收并处理所述第一温度传感器发送的温度数据；当所述第一温度传感器的温度数据大于第三预设值时，所述控制器可以向所述控制阀发出关闭信号，并且所述控制阀可以接收所述关闭信号；所述控制阀断开，并且所述连接管路断开，以停止向电池仓输送冷风，以保证冷藏车厢的冷藏效果。
在本公开内容的一些实施方式中，所述第三预设值可以为-15°或5°。
在本公开内容的一些实施方式中，所述电池仓和所述冷藏车厢均可以依次设置在所述底架的顶部，并且所述电池仓内可以设置有隔板；所述隔板可以将所述电池仓分为相互隔离的上部和下部，并且所述动力电池和所述第三温度传感器可以设置在所述电池仓的下部；所述电池仓 的下部和所述冷藏车厢可以通过所述连接管路连接，并且所述电动制冷机组和所述第二温度传感器可以设置在所述电池仓的上部。
在本公开内容的一些实施方式中，所述连接管路的一端可以设置在所述冷藏车厢内，并且所述连接管路可以穿过所述冷藏车厢的侧壁；所述连接管路的另一端可以设置在所述电池仓内，并且所述连接管路可以穿过所述冷藏车厢的侧壁呈弯曲状布置，这样可以延长连接管路在冷藏车厢的侧壁穿过的路径，以优化直接穿壁结构引起的局部漏热问题，以保证冷藏车厢的冷藏效果。
在本公开内容的一些实施方式中，位于所述电池仓的所述连接管路的管身上可以设置有多个出风口，以提高连接管路的出风效果，使电池仓能快速降温。
在本公开内容的一些实施方式中，所述连接管路可以设置有多个，也可以使电池仓能快速降温。
本公开内容的有益效果至少包括以下内容：
1、本公开内容提供的冷链装备电池仓温度控制系统，由于电池仓可以设置在底架上，并且动力电池可以固定设置在电池仓内；电动制冷机组可以固定设置在底架上，并且电动制冷机组可以和动力电池连接；电动制冷机组的输出部可以和冷藏车厢连通，并且动力电池可以为电动制冷机组提供动力，而电动制冷机组可以对冷藏车厢制冷；这种纯电力驱动制冷方式取代了现有技术中通过柴油为动力源的制冷方式，能够减轻环境污染和噪音污染，有利于节能减排。
2、本公开内容提供的冷链装备电池仓温度控制系统，由于第三温度传感器可以固定设置在电池仓内，用于实时获取电池仓内的温度数据；第二温度传感器可以用于实时获取底架所处的环境温度，并且电池仓和冷藏车厢可以通过连接管路连接；连接管路上可以设置有控制连接管路通断的控制阀，并且控制器分别可以和第二温度传感器、第三温度传感器以及控制阀相通讯；控制器可以接收并处理第二温度传感器以及 第三温度传感器发送的温度数据；当第三温度传感器获取的温度数据大于第二温度传感器获取的温度数据到第一预设值时，控制器向控制阀可以发出开启信号，并且控制阀可以接收开启信号，从而控制阀开启，冷藏车厢内的冷风通过连接管路输送至电池仓内，以降低电池仓内的温度；从而可有效控制电池仓温度，避免温度过高引起使用寿命以及使用安全性的隐患，解决了现有技术中冷链装备由于全天候运行、外界环境温度过高以及锂电池长时间工作散热所引起的电池仓温度上升的问题，避免影响运输环节的安全性。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开内容实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍。显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本公开内容的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为依据本公开内容实施例的冷链装备电池仓温度控制系统的结构布置示意图；
图2为图1中的控制器的逻辑控制示意图；
图3为图1中的连接管路的示意图；
图4为图1中的连接管路的一个示例的布置示意图；以及
图5为图1中的连接管路在电池仓内的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本公开内容实施例中的附图，对本公开内容实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本公开内容一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本公开内容中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开内容保护的范围。
图1为依据本公开内容实施例的冷链装备电池仓温度控制系统的结构布置示意图。如图1所示，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，控制系统可以包括冷藏车厢1、电池仓4、动力电池、第二温度传感器7.2、电动制冷机组2、第三温度传感器7.3、连接管路6以及控制器3。
如图1所示，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，冷藏车厢1可以设置在底架上，并且底架的第一方向的底部两侧可以通过两组转向架分别支撑；因此，该冷藏车可以在铁路上运输，以实现大型冷链的运输需求。
如图1所示，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，电池仓4可以设置在底架上，并且动力电池可以固定设置在电池仓4内；而电动制冷机组2也可以固定设置在底架上，并且电动制冷机组2可以和动力电池连接；电动制冷机组2的输出部可以和冷藏车厢1连通，并且动力电池可以为电动制冷机组2提供动力，而电动制冷机组2可以对冷藏车厢1制冷，本公开内容实施例提供的这种纯电力驱动制冷方式取代了现有技术中通过柴油为动力源的制冷方式，以减轻环境污染和噪音污染，并有利于节能减排。
图2为图1中的控制器的逻辑控制示意图。结合图1以及图2，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，第三温度传感器7.3可以固定设置在电池仓4内，用于实时获取电池仓4内的温度数据；第二温度传感器7.2可以用于实时获取底架所处的环境温度，并且电池仓4和冷藏车厢1可以通过连接管路6连接；连接管路6上可以设置有控制连接管路6通断的控制阀5，并且控制器3分别可以和第二温度传感器7.2、第三温度传感器7.3以及控制阀5相通讯；控制器3可以接收并处理第二温度传感器7.2以及第三温度传感器7.3发送的温度数据；当第三温度传感器7.3获取的温度数据大于第二温度传感器7.2获取的温度数据到第一预设值时，控制器3向控制阀5可以发出开启信号，并且控制阀5可以接收开启信号；控制阀5开启，并且冷藏车厢1内的冷风可以通过连接管路6输送至电池仓4内，以降低电池仓4内的温度，从而可有效控制电池仓温度，避免温度 过高引起使用寿命以及使用安全性的隐患，以避免影响铁路等运输环节的安全性。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，第一预设值可以为5～10°，即当第三温度传感器7.3获取的温度数据大于第二温度传感器7.2获取的温度数据到5～10°时，控制阀5开启，并且冷藏车厢1内的冷风可以通过连接管路6输送至电池仓4内，以降低电池仓4内的温度。
如图2所示，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，当第三温度传感器7.3获取的温度数据小于第二温度传感器7.2获取的温度数据到第二预设值时，控制器3可以向控制阀5发出关闭信号，并且控制阀5可以接收关闭信号；控制阀5断开，并且连接管路6断开；冷藏车厢1停止向电池仓4输送冷风，以减少冷藏车厢1的冷风过多的流向电池仓4内，保证冷藏车厢的冷藏效果。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，第二预设值可以为0～5°，即当第三温度传感器7.3获取的温度数据小于第二温度传感器7.2获取的温度数据到0～5°时，控制阀5断开，冷藏车厢1停止向电池仓4输送冷风，以保证冷藏车厢的冷藏效果。
结合图1以及图2，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，控制系统还可以包括第一温度传感器7.1；第一温度传感器7.1可以设置在冷藏车厢1内，用于实时获取冷藏车厢1内的温度数据；控制器3和第一温度传感器7.1可以相通讯，并且控制器3可以接收并处理第一温度传感器7.1发送的温度数据；当第一温度传感器7.1的温度数据大于第三预设值时，控制器3可以向控制阀5发出关闭信号；控制阀5可以接收关闭信号，并且控制阀5断开；连接管路6断开，以使冷藏车厢1停止向电池仓4输送冷风，这样可以避免过多的冷风输出，以保证冷藏车厢1的冷藏效果。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，当铁路冷链装备运输的是冷冻食品时，该第三预设值可以为-15°，即当第一温度传感器7.1的温度数据大于-15°时，控制阀5断开，以保证冷藏车厢的内部温度符合冷冻食品的冷 冻要求；当铁路冷链装备运输的是鲜货时，该第三预设值可以为5°，即当第一温度传感器7.1的温度数据大于5°时，控制阀5断开，以保证冷藏车厢的内部温度符合鲜货的储存要求。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，当电池仓温度高于环境温度一定数值时，可以由控制器控制阀开启；当温度相差不大后控制阀可以关闭，从而维持电池仓温度，并可以优先保证冷藏车厢1内的温度。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，电池仓内可以设置有机械制冷机构，例如风扇等；当冷藏车厢1内的冷风不能输送至电池仓4内，而电池仓4内的温度又过高时，控制器可以控制机械制冷机构，以控制电池仓内的温度处于合适温度。
如图1所示，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，电池仓4和冷藏车厢1均可以依次设置在底架的顶部，并且电池仓4内可以设置有隔板8；隔板8可以将电池仓4分为相互隔离的上部和下部，即电池仓4的上部和下部没有连通；动力电池和第三温度传感器7.3可以设置在电池仓4的下部，并且电池仓4的下部和冷藏车厢1可以通过连接管路6连接；电动制冷机组2和第二温度传感器7.2可以设置在电池仓4的上部，这样可以使第二温度传感器7.2和第三温度传感器7.3相互隔离，以获取各自需求的更准确的温度数据。
如图2所示，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，控制器3可以设置在隔板8的上部，这样可以使控制器3处在合适的温度下工作，以使其正常工作。
图3为图1中的连接管路的示意图。结合图1以及图3，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，连接管路6的一端可以设置在冷藏车厢1内，并且连接管路6可以穿过冷藏车厢1的侧壁；连接管路6的另一端可以设置在电池仓4的下部内，并且连接管路6可以穿过冷藏车厢1的侧壁呈弯曲状布置，这样可以延长连接管路6在冷藏车厢1的侧壁穿过的路径，以优化直接穿壁结构引起的局部漏热问题，以保证冷藏车厢的冷藏效果。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，如图3所示，该连接管路6整体可以呈Z字形，并且可以在冷藏车厢1的侧壁处进行折弯处理。在本公开内容的一些实施例中，连接管路6位于冷藏车厢1的侧壁处的形状也可以为波浪形等，本公开内容对此不作限制。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，连接管路6在穿出冷藏车厢1的侧壁并到达电池仓后，连接管路6的外部可包裹绝热材料等保温绝热措施，以进一步降低漏热，起到保持冷风温度的效果。
图4为图1中的连接管路的一种布置示意图。如图4所示，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，该连接管路6可以设置有多个，并且多个连接管路6可以沿底架的宽度方向依次设置，这样可以提高连接管路6的送风量，以使电池仓4能快速降温。
图5为图1中的连接管路在电池仓内的结构示意图。如图5所示，在本公开内容的一些实施例中，位于电池仓4的连接管路6的管身上可以设置有多个出风口9，这样可以提高连接管路的出风效果，使电池仓能快速降温。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，多个出风口9可以沿平行于连接管路6的中心轴相对设置在连接管路6上。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，第一温度传感器7.1、第二温度传感器7.2和第三温度传感器7.3的型号均可以为pt100温度传感器；而控制阀5则可选用电动常闭式控制阀。能实现本公开内容实施例的功能的其他型号的设备，也在本公开内容实施例的保护范围之内。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，电池仓可以设置在冷藏车厢下方或者上方；此种情况下，电动制冷机组可以设置在冷藏车厢的前后两端，本公开内容对此不作限制。
在本公开内容的一些实施例中，上述冷链装备电池仓温度控制系统不仅可适用在铁路冷链运输，其也可做适应性的改进，以适用在公路、水路等冷链运输，本公开内容对此不作限制。
综上所述，本公开内容提供的冷链装备电池仓温度控制系统，可有效解决背景技术中提到的一些主要问题，从而低成本地建立了一种冷链装备电池仓温度控制系统，能够避免高温的工作环境，可以有效提升电池寿命，从而降低铁路冷链装备全寿命周期成本，并大幅度提高我国新能源动力电池冷链装备的运用经济性，同时有效保障铁路等环节运输安全。
以下所举实施例为本公开内容的较佳实施方式，仅用来方便说明本公开内容，并非对本公开内容作任何形式下的限制。任何所述技术领域中具有通常知识者，若在不脱离本公开内容所提技术特征的范围内，利用本公开内容所揭示技术内容所作出局部更动或修饰的等效实施例，并且未脱离本公开内容的技术特征内容，均仍属于本公开内容技术特征的范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种冷链装备电池仓温度控制系统，包括：
    冷藏车厢，所述冷藏车厢设置在底架上；
    电池仓，所述电池仓设置在所述底架上；
    动力电池，所述动力电池固定设置在所述电池仓内；
    第三温度传感器，所述第三温度传感器固定设置在所述电池仓内，用于实时获取电池仓内的温度数据；
    电动制冷机组，所述电动制冷机组固定设置在所述底架上，并且所述电动制冷机组和所述动力电池连接；所述电动制冷机组的输出部和所述冷藏车厢连通；所述动力电池为所述电动制冷机组提供动力，并且所述电动制冷机组对所述冷藏车厢制冷；
    第二温度传感器，所述第二温度传感器用于实时获取所述底架所处的环境温度；
    连接管路，所述电池仓和所述冷藏车厢通过所述连接管路连接，并且所述连接管路上设置有控制所述连接管路通断的控制阀；以及
    控制器，所述控制器分别和所述第二温度传感器、所述第三温度传感器以及所述控制阀相通讯；所述控制器接收并处理所述第二温度传感器以及所述第三温度传感器发送的温度数据；当所述第三温度传感器获取的温度数据大于所述第二温度传感器获取的温度数据到第一预设值时，所述控制器向所述控制阀发出开启信号；所述控制阀接收所述开启信号，并且所述控制阀开启；所述冷藏车厢内的冷风通过连接管路输送至所述电池仓内，以降低所述电池仓内的温度。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种冷链装备电池仓温度控制系统，其中，所述第一预设值为5～10°。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种冷链装备电池仓温度控制系统，其中，当所述第三温度传感器获取的温度数据小于所述第二温度传感器获取的温度数据到第二预设值时，所述控制器向所述控制阀发出关 闭信号，并且所述控制阀接收所述关闭信号；所述控制阀断开，并且所述连接管路断开。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种冷链装备电池仓温度控制系统，其中，所述第二预设值为0～5°。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种冷链装备电池仓温度控制系统，还包括：
    第一温度传感器，所述第一温度传感器设置在所述冷藏车厢内，用于实时获取冷藏车厢内的温度数据；
    其中，所述控制器和所述第一温度传感器相通讯，并且所述控制器接收并处理所述第一温度传感器发送的温度数据；当所述第一温度传感器的温度数据大于第三预设值时，所述控制器向所述控制阀发出关闭信号；以及
    所述控制阀接收所述关闭信号，所述控制阀断开，并且所述连接管路断开。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种冷链装备电池仓温度控制系统，其中，所述第三预设值为-15°或5°。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种冷链装备电池仓温度控制系统，其中，所述电池仓和所述冷藏车厢均依次设置在所述底架的顶部，并且所述电池仓内设置有隔板；
    所述隔板将所述电池仓分为相互隔离的上部和下部，并且所述动力电池和所述第三温度传感器设置在所述电池仓的下部；以及
    所述电池仓的下部和所述冷藏车厢通过所述连接管路连接，并且所述电动制冷机组和所述第二温度传感器设置在所述电池仓的上部。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种冷链装备电池仓温度控制系统，其中，所述连接管路的一端设置在所述冷藏车厢内，并且所述连接管路穿过所述冷藏车厢的侧壁；以及
    所述连接管路的另一端设置在所述电池仓内，并且所述连接管路穿过所述冷藏车厢的侧壁呈弯曲状布置。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的一种冷链装备电池仓温度控制系统，其中，位于所述电池仓的所述连接管路的管身上设置有多个出风口。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的一种冷链装备电池仓温度控制系统，其中，所述连接管路设置有多个。
PCT/CN2020/105826 2019-08-30 2020-07-30 冷链装备电池仓温度控制系统 WO2021036675A1 (zh)

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