WO2021031856A1

WO2021031856A1 - Nfc-based communication method and device

Info

Publication number: WO2021031856A1
Application number: PCT/CN2020/107144
Authority: WO
Inventors: 甄家灏; 姚振栋; 易海涛; 王金燕
Original assignee: 华为技术有限公司
Priority date: 2019-08-16
Filing date: 2020-08-05
Publication date: 2021-02-25
Also published as: CN112395894A; CN112395894B

Abstract

The present application provides an NFC-based communication method and device. In the method, the electronic device works in a card simulation mode, and the electronic device can adjust a currently used radio frequency parameter in the case that the execution of the NFC communication process fails due to poor performance in receiving and transmitting radio frequency signals of the electronic device, and uses an adjusted radio frequency parameter to re-execute the NFC communication process between the electronic device and a card reader. The method can adjust the performance in receiving and transmitting radio frequency signals of the electronic device, so as to improve the success rate of card swiping.

Description

NFC-based communication method and device

This application claims the priority of a Chinese patent application filed with the Chinese Patent Office, the application number is 201910758668.5, and the application name is "NFC-based communication method and device" on August 16, 2019, the entire content of which is incorporated into this application by reference .

Technical field

This application relates to near field communication (NFC) technology, and particularly relates to NFC-based communication methods and devices.

Background technique

With the development of electronic technology, more and more electronic devices (such as smart phones, smart bracelets, etc.) support NFC technology. NFC technology provides a short-distance high-frequency wireless connection to achieve two-way communication between electronic devices. Electronic devices that support NFC technology can work in the following three communication modes: read/write mode (reader/writer mode), card emulation mode (card emulation mode), and point-to-point mode (P2P mode).

When the electronic device works in the card simulation mode, the electronic device can be simulated as an integrated circuit (IC) card, such as subway card, bus card, bank card, access card, social security card, membership card, passport, etc. , Complete the same functions as the actual contactless smart card, such as access control, contactless payment, data transmission, etc.

Specifically, the user can hold the electronic device close to the card reader. The electronic device can detect the radio frequency field (RF-field) provided by the card reader, and send relevant information to the card reader based on the radio frequency field. The card reader sends the received relevant information to the connected computer or other processing equipment, and the computer or other processing equipment verifies the relevant information. After the verification is passed, operations such as payment and unlocking can be completed.

At present, when a card reader communicates with a card simulated by an electronic device, the performance of the electronic device to send and receive radio frequency signals may be unstable, causing the card to fail. The credit card success rate is an important factor that affects the user experience. In order to improve the user experience, how to ensure the performance of the radio frequency signal sent and received by the electronic device to improve the credit card success rate is the direction of industry research.

Summary of the invention

This application provides a communication method and device based on NFC. It can improve the card swiping success rate of electronic devices working in card emulation mode, and improve user experience.

In the first aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide an NFC-based communication method. This method is applied to electronic equipment. The method includes: the electronic device works in a card emulation mode, the electronic device stores NFC card information, and the NFC card information is used for the electronic device to simulate an NFC card; the electronic device uses the first radio frequency parameter to execute the electronic device and read the card When the NFC communication process fails, the electronic device uses the second radio frequency parameter to execute the NFC communication process again; the second radio frequency parameter is different from the first radio frequency parameter; wherein, the NFC communication The process includes: a first radio frequency communication process for the electronic device to detect the radio frequency field provided by the card reader; a second radio frequency communication process for the card reader to select the electronic device as a data transmission object; third radio frequency communication The process is used to transmit data between the electronic device and the card reader, and the data includes the NFC card information; wherein, the first radio frequency parameter and the second radio frequency parameter are both used in one or more of the following: During the NFC communication process, the radio frequency signal sent by the card reader is received, the radio frequency signal to be sent to the card reader is generated, and the radio frequency signal is sent.

To implement the method of the first aspect, the electronic device works in the card emulation mode. In the case that the NFC communication process fails due to the poor performance of the electronic device to send and receive RF signals, the electronic device can adjust the currently used RF parameters and use the adjustment After the radio frequency parameters, re-execute the NFC communication process with the card reader. In this way, the performance of the radio frequency signal sent and received by the electronic device can be adjusted, thereby increasing the success rate of swiping the card.

With reference to the first aspect, in some embodiments, according to scene classification, the types of cards simulated by the electronic device may include, but are not limited to: subway cards, bus cards, access cards, credit cards, debit cards, stored value cards, shopping cards, Boarding pass, movie ticket, coupon, student ID, social security card, membership card, passport, etc.

With reference to the first aspect, in some embodiments, the NFC card information may include, for example, the identification of an access card (such as UID), the identification of a bus card (such as UID), the card number of a bank card, and so on.

With reference to the first aspect, in some embodiments, both the first radio frequency parameter and the second radio frequency parameter include one or more of the following: the sensitivity of the electronic device when receiving the radio frequency signal, the threshold value, and the input voltage of the receiving circuit; the electronic device The frame delay time used when transmitting the radio frequency signal, the modulation mode used when the load is modulated, the waveform of the carrier, the amplitude of the carrier, and the phase of the carrier, etc.

With reference to the first aspect, in some embodiments, the electronic device may determine that the execution of the NFC communication process fails in any of the following situations:

(1) In the time period T1, the number of times the electronic device detects that the intensity of the radio frequency field is lower than the threshold is greater than the first value, or the electronic device detects that the intensity of the radio frequency field is lower than the threshold is greater than the second value .

(2) In the time period T2, the electronic device does not receive the card selection response command RATS sent by the card reader.

(3) In the time period T3, the electronic device does not receive the consumption instruction sent by the card reader.

(4) The electronic device receives the negative response command NAK sent by the card reader.

(5) The electronic device cannot parse the received command, or the command parsed by the electronic device is abnormal.

Here, the start times of the aforementioned time periods T1, T2, and T3 are all time points when the electronic device starts to perform the NFC communication process with the card reader.

With reference to the first aspect, in some embodiments, N sets of radio frequency parameters are stored in the electronic device. The N sets of radio frequency parameters may be preset in the electronic device when the electronic device leaves the factory, or may be obtained by the electronic device from a cloud server.

In some embodiments, the first radio frequency parameter may be any set of radio frequency parameters selected by the electronic device from N sets of radio frequency parameters stored in advance. In other embodiments, the first radio frequency parameter may be the set of radio frequency parameters with the highest success rate of card swiping among the N sets of radio frequency parameters pre-stored by the electronic device.

In the embodiment of the present application, the second radio frequency parameter can be obtained in the following ways:

(1) The second radio frequency parameter may be a set of radio frequency parameters different from the first radio frequency parameter selected arbitrarily by the electronic device among the stored N sets of radio frequency parameters.

(2) The second radio frequency parameter may be the radio frequency parameter with the highest card swipe success rate selected by the electronic device among other radio frequency parameters other than the first radio frequency parameter among the N sets of stored radio frequency parameters. Through the second method, the credit card success rate of electronic devices can be improved.

It is understandable that in the above-mentioned first method and second method, the electronic device selects the second radio frequency parameter at the local end, which can save time and power consumption and make the card swipe successfully faster.

(3) The second radio frequency parameter may be obtained by the electronic device requesting the cloud server.

With reference to the first aspect, the second radio frequency parameter includes a set of radio frequency parameters, and the first radio frequency parameter includes a set of radio frequency parameters. The difference between the second radio frequency parameter and the first radio frequency parameter means that some or all of the radio frequency parameters in the second radio frequency parameter are different from the first radio frequency parameter.

With reference to the first aspect, in some embodiments, when the electronic device successfully executes the NFC communication process using the second radio frequency parameter, the electronic device may also store the second radio frequency parameter. The electronic device may store the second radio frequency parameter in the following ways:

(1) Associate and store the second radio frequency parameter with the card type currently simulated by the electronic device; the second radio frequency parameter is used to execute NFC with the card reader when the electronic device simulates this type of card next time Communication process. This storage method can ensure that each NFC communication process performed between the subsequent electronic device and the card reader corresponding to the same type of card can have a higher communication success rate.

(2) Associate and store the second radio frequency parameter with the current location of the electronic device; the second radio frequency parameter is used to execute the NFC communication process with the card reader when the electronic device is at the location next time. It can ensure that every NFC communication process performed between the subsequent electronic device and the card reader in the same place can have a higher communication success rate

(3) The second radio frequency parameter and the identity of the card reader are associated and stored; the second radio frequency parameter is used for the next time the electronic device executes an NFC communication process with the same card reader. This storage method can ensure that each subsequent NFC communication process performed between the electronic device and the card reader can have a higher communication success rate.

With reference to the first aspect, in some embodiments, when the electronic device uses the second radio frequency parameter to successfully execute the NFC communication process, the electronic device sends first information to the cloud server, and the first information is used to indicate the electronic device The NFC communication process is successfully executed using the second radio frequency parameter, so that the cloud server counts the communication success rate corresponding to the second radio frequency parameter. In this way, the cloud server can count the respective communication success rates of multiple sets of radio frequency parameters, and can deliver the N sets of radio frequency parameters with the highest communication success rate to each electronic device, thereby improving the credit card success rate of each electronic device.

With reference to the first aspect, in some embodiments, the electronic device can adopt the following two strategies to execute the NFC communication process with the card reader:

Strategy 1: When the electronic device is in the on-screen and unlocked state, periodically detect the radio frequency field provided by the card reader; when the electronic device is in the off-screen state, locked-screen state or shut down state, continuously detect the card reader provides的RF field. Using strategy one, the electronic device can execute the NFC-based communication method provided in the embodiments of the present application in any state.

Strategy 2: The electronic device detects the radio frequency field provided by the card reader in response to the received user operation. That is, the electronic device detects the radio frequency field provided by the card reader under the trigger of the user. Using strategy one, the electronic device can execute the NFC-based communication method provided in the embodiments of the present application according to user requirements.

In the second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device. The electronic device includes: one or more processors, a memory, an NFC chip, and a security unit SE; the security unit stores NFC card information, and the NFC card information is used for the electronic device to simulate an NFC card; the memory and the one or A plurality of processors are coupled, and the memory is used to store computer program code, the computer program code includes computer instructions, and the one or more processors call the computer instructions to cause the electronic device to execute:

Work in card simulation mode;

Execute the NFC communication process between the electronic device and the card reader through the NFC chip using the first radio frequency parameter;

When the execution of the NFC communication process fails, the NFC chip uses the second radio frequency parameter to execute the NFC communication process again; the second radio frequency parameter is different from the first radio frequency parameter;

Wherein, the NFC communication process includes: a first radio frequency communication process for the electronic device to detect the radio frequency field provided by the card reader; a second radio frequency communication process for the card reader to select the electronic device as a data transmission object ; The third radio frequency communication process, used for the electronic device and the card reader to transmit data, the data includes the NFC card information;

Wherein, the first radio frequency parameter and the second radio frequency parameter are used for one or more of the following: the electronic device receives the radio frequency signal sent by the card reader during the NFC communication process, and generates the radio frequency signal to be sent to the card reader The radio frequency signal of the device, the sending radio frequency signal.

Based on the same inventive concept, the electronic device of the second aspect can be used to implement the NFC-based communication method provided in the first aspect and any one of the implementations of the first aspect. Therefore, for the operations performed by the electronic device of the second aspect and the beneficial effects brought about by the electronic device, reference may be made to the related description in the first aspect or any one of the possible implementation manners of the first aspect, which will not be repeated here.

In the third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an NFC chip. The NFC chip is applied to an electronic device, the electronic device stores NFC card information, and the NFC card information is used for the electronic device to simulate an NFC card; the NFC chip includes: one or more processors and interfaces; the interface is used to receive The code instruction and the code instruction are transmitted to the processor, and the processor is configured to run the code instruction to make the electronic device execute the first aspect and the NFC-based communication method provided in any one of the implementation manners of the first aspect.

In a fourth aspect, this application provides a computer program product containing instructions, which when the computer program product is run on an electronic device, causes the electronic device to execute:

Work in card simulation mode;

Based on the same inventive concept, the electronic device to which the NFC chip of the fourth aspect is applied can be used to implement the NFC-based communication method provided in the first aspect and any one of the implementations of the first aspect. Therefore, for the operations performed by the NFC chip of the fourth aspect and the beneficial effects brought about by the NFC chip, reference may be made to the relevant description in the first aspect or any one of the possible implementations of the first aspect, which will not be repeated here.

In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, including instructions, which when the foregoing instructions run on an electronic device, cause the electronic device to execute the first aspect and any possible implementation manner in the first aspect Described method.

To implement the technical solution provided by this application, the electronic device works in the card emulation mode. In the case that the NFC communication process fails due to the poor performance of the electronic device to send and receive radio frequency signals, the electronic device can adjust the currently used radio frequency parameters and use The adjusted radio frequency parameters re-execute the NFC communication process with the card reader. In this way, the performance of the radio frequency signal sent and received by the electronic device can be adjusted, thereby increasing the success rate of swiping the card.

Description of the drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the flow of a successfully executed NFC communication process provided by an embodiment of the present application;

2 is a schematic diagram of the work flow of the card reader during a successfully executed NFC communication process provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of the NFC-based communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of human-computer interaction provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of detecting radio frequency field strength by an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

6A is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 6B is a schematic diagram of the location of a security unit provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 7 is a software structure block diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a card reader provided by an embodiment of the present application.

detailed description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

Among them, in the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified, "/" means or, for example, A/B can mean A or B; "and/or" in this document is only a description of related objects The association relationship of indicates that there can be three relationships, for example, A and/or B, which can indicate: A alone exists, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present application, "plurality" means two or more than two.

Hereinafter, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

When the electronic device works in card emulation mode, it can be simulated as an NFC card and communicate with a card reader. The card emulation mode may also be referred to as the card emulation mode. Classified by application scenarios, the types of cards simulated by electronic devices can include but are not limited to: subway cards, bus cards, access cards, credit cards, debit cards, stored-value cards, shopping cards, boarding passes, movie tickets, coupons, Student ID, social security card, membership card, passport, etc.

Specifically, the electronic device uses the stored NFC card information to simulate an NFC card. The NFC card information is used to indicate the NFC card. The NFC card information may include, for example, the unique identifier (UID) of the access card, the UID of the bus card, the card number of the bank card, and so on.

Referring to FIG. 1, FIG. 1 shows an NFC communication process performed between an electronic device working in a card emulation mode and a card reader. The NFC communication process may include:

The first radio frequency communication process: the process of electronic equipment detecting the radio frequency field provided by the card reader;

The second radio frequency communication process: the process in which the card reader selects the electronic device as the data transmission object;

The third radio frequency communication process: the process of data transmission between the electronic device and the card reader.

After the NFC communication process shown in Figure 1 above is successfully completed, the electronic device can realize the same functions as the actual contactless smart card, such as access control, contactless payment, information verification, and so on. Among them, access control can include unlocking, door opening, etc. Information verification may include verification of passport information, coupon information, movie coupon information, and so on.

In the following embodiments of the present application, the NFC communication process performed between the electronic device working in the card emulation mode and the card reader may also be referred to as a card swiping process.

The NFC communication process is described in detail below.

(1) The first radio frequency communication process.

Specifically, the card reader can continuously or periodically send a radio frequency signal with a frequency of 13.56 megahertz (MHz) to generate an electromagnetic field propagating through space, which is the radio frequency field provided by the card reader. The oscillating circuit of the antenna in the electronic device within the coverage of the radio frequency field vibrates under the influence of the radio frequency field to form a voltage, and the electronic device determines to detect the radio frequency field according to the voltage.

After the electronic device executes the first radio frequency communication process, it can execute the second radio frequency communication process and the third radio frequency communication process with the card reader. In the second radio frequency communication process and the third radio frequency communication process, the electronic device performs command interaction with the card reader based on the detected radio frequency field. Further, the card reader sends a radio frequency signal to the electronic device through a carrier with a frequency of 13.56Mhz, and the electronic device sends a radio frequency signal to the card reader through a load modulation technology. The radio frequency signal carries instructions to realize the instruction interaction between the electronic device and the card reader.

(2) The second radio frequency communication process.

The second radio frequency communication process will be described below in conjunction with FIG. 1 and FIG. 2. Among them, FIG. 2 shows a schematic flow diagram of the NFC communication process between the card reader and the electronic device. As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the second radio frequency communication process may specifically include the following steps 1-6:

1. The reader sends REQA (REQuest A)/WUPA (WakeUP A).

Specifically, the card reader can continuously send REQA or WUPA based on the generated radio frequency field.

REQA or WUPA is used to instruct the card in the RF field to respond to its own card type. The card types here are distinguished by the way the card sends signals to the card reader, which can be divided into type A and type B. Among them, type A cards send signals through a 13.65 MHz carrier, the encoding method is Miller encoding, and the carrier amplitude modulation method is 100% amplitude-shift keying (ASK). Type B cards send signals through a 13.65MHz carrier, but the encoding method is nonreturn to zero (NRA), and the carrier amplitude modulation method is 10% ASK.

2. In response to the received REQA or WUPA, all cards within the coverage of the radio frequency field send ATQA (Answer To REQuest A) to the reader.

There may be one or more cards within the coverage of the radio frequency field. According to the morphology of the card, the type of the card can include actual non-contact smart cards, such as bus cards, bank cards, access control cards, etc., and can also include electronic devices working in card emulation mode.

When multiple cards enter the coverage of the radio frequency field, the reader will receive ATQA from multiple cards. At this time, the card reader will perform bit-oriented anti-collision processing to select a unique card for communication. That is, the card reader will perform the following steps 3-6.

3. The card reader sends an anti-collision command (single device detection, SDD), and all cards within the coverage of the radio frequency field send their own identification to the card reader in response to the anti-collision command. The identification may be a unique identifier (UID) of the card.

In step 3, the card reader sets cascade level 1.

4-6. Multiple execution of anti-collision loop (anticollision loop) processing: After the card reader detects a conflict, it selects some cards and sends a card selection command to it, which is used to instruct this part of the cards to continue speaking and prohibit the other cards from speaking.

After multiple anti-collision cycles, when only one card is left, there is no more conflict. Finally, the card sends its complete identification (such as UID) to the reader. The card reader sends a card selection command (SELECT) to the card. After the card responds to the SAK, the card is selected and the card reader can communicate with the card.

For example, the conflict detected by the card reader means that after the card reader receives the identification of multiple cards, the first few digits of these card identifications may be the same, for example, the first four digits are all 1010, and there is one on the fifth digit. The card is "0" and the other cards are "1", so when all the cards say their fifth digit identification together, since some cards say "0" and others say "1", the reader can detect it There was a conflict. After detecting the conflict, the reader will instruct some cards to continue speaking through the card selection command, for example, let the card whose first four digits are "1010" and the fifth digit is "1" to continue to send its own identity, and other cards are prohibited from speaking. The card with “1” in the fifth place continues to speak. Since there are more than one card with “1” in the fifth place, there is a conflict in the process of returning the logo to these cards. The reader still uses the above method to make the conflict. The card whose bit (such as the sixth) is "1" continues to speak, and other cards are prohibited from speaking. Finally, after multiple anti-collision cycles, when there is only one card left, there is no conflict, that is, the card reader selects the card for communication.

It is understandable that the card selected by the card reader in FIG. 1 is an electronic device working in a card emulation mode.

(3) The third radio frequency communication process.

After the card reader selects the electronic device working in the card emulation mode as the data transmission object, the card reader and the electronic device can perform the third radio frequency communication process.

Referring to FIG. 2, the third radio frequency communication process may include the following step 7:

7. If the format of the identification of the card simulated by the electronic device conforms to the format defined by ISO/IEC 14443-4, the card reader starts to process related instructions based on the NFC standard ISO/IEC 14443-4.

Specifically, ISO/IEC 14443-4 defines a standard card identification format. Cards with standard format identification can communicate with the card reader based on ISO/IEC 14443-4, and cards without standard format identification can be based on the card manufacturer’s independent The developed proprietary protocol communicates with the card reader.

The above steps 1 to 6, that is, the second radio frequency communication process is based on the NFC standard ISO/IEC 14443-3. ISO/IEC14443-3 belongs to the underlying handshake protocol. When the electronic device performs related operations in the second radio frequency communication process, only the configured NFC chip can perform the analysis of the ISO/IEC 14443-3 protocol without the intervention of the configured processor.

The above step 7, that is, the third radio frequency communication process is based on the NFC standard ISO/IEC 14443-4. ISO/IEC 14443-4 belongs to the upper layer protocol. When the electronic device performs the related operations of the third radio frequency communication process, it needs to use the processor to analyze the ISO/IEC 14443-3 protocol.

The following is an expanded description of the above step 7 with reference to FIG. 1. That is to describe in detail the third radio frequency communication process performed by the electronic device and the card reader in the card emulation mode based on ISO/IEC 14443-4.

As shown in Figure 1, after the card reader selects the electronic device operating in the card emulation mode, it first sends a card selection answer command (request answer to select, RATS) to the electronic device operating in the card emulation mode.

Then, the electronic device sends an answer to select (ATS) to the card reader.

The purpose of RATS and ATS is to allow readers and electronic devices to confirm that the other party supports ISO/IEC 14443-4. Normally, RATS is the first instruction sent to the electronic device after the card reader selects the electronic device as the data transmission object.

Then, the card reader can interact with the electronic device in order to exchange information and realize functions such as access control, contactless payment, and data transmission. Among them, the information exchanged by the card reader and the electronic device includes: card information used to simulate a card when the electronic device works in the card emulation mode, such as access card identification, bus card identification, bank card number, etc.

For example, when the electronic device simulates a bus card, it can send its own bus card information (such as UID) to the card reader. After the card reader receives the bus card information, it can communicate with the background server. The back-end server performs deduction processing on the account corresponding to the UID, updates the balance corresponding to the account, and records the time or location of this card swiping, thereby completing the payment.

For another example, when the electronic device simulates a bank card, it can send its own bank card information (such as bank card number, bank card password) to the card reader, and after receiving the bank card information, the card reader can communicate with the background server. The back-end server performs deduction processing on the bank card, updates the balance of the bank card, and records the time or place of this card swiping, thereby completing the payment.

For another example, when the electronic device simulates a membership card, it can send its own membership card information (such as UID) to the card reader. After the card reader receives the membership card information, it can communicate with the background server. The back-end server performs deduction processing or points processing on the account corresponding to the UID, updates the balance or point value corresponding to the account, and records the time or place of the card swiping.

In the non-contact payment scenario, that is, when the electronic device is simulated as a bus card, bank card or membership card, after the card reader communicates with the background server, the card reader can send a consumption instruction to the electronic device. The consumption instruction is used for Indicates that the credit card is completed or the transaction is successful. The NFC chip of the electronic device can receive the consumption instruction and perform the following operations: (1) The NFC chip transmits the consumption instruction to a secure element (SE), and the SE updates the stored data in response to the consumption instruction, such as updating Account balance or point value, record the time or place of this card swipe, etc. (2) The SE reports the successful card swiping event to the processor in response to the consumption instruction. (3) The SE generates a consumption instruction response in response to the consumption instruction, and sends the consumption instruction response to the card reader through the NFC chip. At this point, the electronic device and the card reader have successfully swiped the card.

Here, the above-mentioned NFC chip, SE, and processor are all components of an electronic device. Subsequent embodiments will describe the functions of these components in detail, and will not be repeated here. It is understandable that in addition to the several types of scenarios described in the above examples, in some simple scenarios that do not require the card reader to interact with the back-end server, the electronic device and the card reader can only exchange information through the above steps 1-6 to achieve Access control, contactless payment, data transmission and other functions. That is to say, in some scenarios, electronic devices and card readers can realize access control, contactless payment, data transmission and other functions based on ISO/IEC 14443-3 protocol only, without involving ISO/IEC 14443-4 protocol . For example, when an electronic device simulates an access control card, it sends its own access control card information (such as UID) to the card reader through steps 1-6. After the card reader receives the access control card information, it can verify the permissions of the access control card locally. If the access card has permission to unlock, the card reader can instruct to open the door.

It is understandable that Figures 1 and 2 are only examples. In specific implementation, the communication process between the electronic device and the card reader working in card emulation mode can refer to ISO/IEC 14443-3 and ISO/IEC 14443-4. Can include more or fewer interactive instructions.

It is understandable that the performance of the electronic device for sending and receiving radio frequency signals must be good to successfully complete the NFC communication process between the electronic device and the card reader shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2 to ensure the success of the card swipe. The better the performance of the electronic device to send and receive radio frequency signals, the higher the success rate of NFC communication between the electronic device and the card reader, that is, the higher the success rate of card swiping.

The performance of the electronic equipment to receive and transmit radio frequency signals may include, but is not limited to: the stability, continuity, and strength of the electronic equipment when receiving radio frequency signals; the stability, continuity, and strength of the electronic equipment when sending radio frequency signals.

When the electronic device is working in the card emulation mode, the factors that affect the performance of the electronic device to send and receive radio frequency signals, that is, the factors that affect the success rate of NFC communication and the success rate of card swiping can include the following two:

1. The hardware structure of the card reader.

In the embodiment of this application, there are multiple types of card readers. Card readers may include but are not limited to the following types: subway card readers, bus card readers, bank card readers (such as POS machines), access control card readers, and so on. The card reader can communicate with corresponding types of cards to complete functions such as access control and contactless payment. For example, a metro card reader can communicate with a metro card, and a bus reader can communicate with a bus card.

At present, there is no uniform manufacturing standard for card readers, and the hardware structures of card readers and different types of card readers manufactured by different manufacturers may be different. The hardware structure of the card reader may include the coupling mode of the antenna in the card reader, metal material, manufacturing process, internal shape, and so on.

The hardware structure of the card reader will affect the performance of the electronic device to send and receive radio frequency signals. When the same electronic device communicates with card readers with different hardware structures, the electronic device has different radio frequency signal performance.

2. The radio frequency parameters of the electronic equipment configuration.

RF parameters can include one or more of the following: sensitivity, threshold, and input voltage of the receiving circuit when the electronic device receives the RF signal; frame delay time and load modulation used by the electronic device to send the RF signal The modulation mode, carrier waveform, carrier amplitude and phase of the carrier, etc.

Specifically, the sensitivity of the electronic device to receive radio frequency signals can be configured by adjusting the gain of a low noise amplifier (LNA) in the electronic device. The higher the threshold is set, the higher the stability of the radio frequency signal received by the electronic device, but the lower the sensitivity. The receiving circuit of the electronic device includes an automatic gain control (AGC) circuit, which attenuates the received signal by adjusting the resistor divider to obtain the optimal received input voltage.

Specifically, the electronic device can modulate the original information to be sent on the carrier wave corresponding to the waveform, amplitude, and phase of the carrier provided in the radio frequency parameters through a modulation mode, generate a corresponding radio frequency signal, and then send the radio frequency signal. Among them, the modulation mode can be divided into the following four types according to the input and output modes: double-ended input and double-ended output, double-ended input and single-ended output, single-ended input and double-ended output, and single-ended input and single-ended output. The electronic device can transmit the generated radio frequency signal according to the frame delay time.

The electronic device uses the configured radio frequency parameters to perform the above-mentioned NFC communication process with the card reader. In the first radio frequency communication process, the electronic device can use the sensitivity, threshold value, and input voltage of the receiving circuit to detect the radio frequency field. In the second radio frequency communication process and the third radio frequency communication process, the electronic equipment uses the sensitivity, threshold value, and input voltage of the receiving circuit to detect the radio frequency signal sent by the card reader, and uses the modulation mode and carrier frequency used for load modulation. The waveform, the amplitude of the carrier wave, and the phase of the carrier wave are used to generate the radio frequency signal, and the frame delay time is used to transmit the generated radio frequency signal.

It is understandable that when the electronic device is configured with different radio frequency parameters, the performance of the electronic device for sending and receiving radio frequency signals is different.

After the card reader leaves the factory and is put into use, its hardware structure is basically fixed. When performing NFC communication with the card reader, only electronic devices that use special RF parameters can guarantee the performance of sending and receiving RF signals. Here, consider the influence of the reader’s hardware structure and RF parameters on the RF signal sent and received by the electronic device. For a reader with a fixed hardware structure, when the electronic device uses special RF parameters to perform related operations in the NFC communication process, It can ensure the performance of the electronic equipment to send and receive radio frequency signals. The special radio frequency parameters may be referred to as radio frequency parameters adapted or compatible with the card reader.

At present, in the prior art, when an electronic device working in a card emulation mode performs an NFC communication process with a card reader, the radio frequency parameters used usually include the following two situations:

Case 1: The electronic device uses preset radio frequency parameters to perform related operations in the NFC communication process in any scene and any place. The preset radio frequency parameters are obtained through a large number of tests, and the preset radio frequency parameters can be compatible or adapted with as many card readers on the market as possible.

In the first case, due to the wide variety of card readers and numerous manufacturers, the preset radio frequency parameters cannot be compatible or adapted to all card readers on the market. For example, a user may use an electronic device to swipe the card successfully at location A, but when using an electronic device to swipe the card at location B, the receiving and sending of radio frequency signals may be unstable, causing the card to fail. This will affect the user experience.

Case 2: The electronic device can use the radio frequency parameters corresponding to the current location to perform related operations in the NFC communication process. The electronic device can obtain radio frequency parameters corresponding to the current location from the cloud. The card readers in the same place may come from the same manufacturer or used in the same scene, so the hardware structure of the card readers in the same place has certain similarities. The radio frequency parameter corresponding to a certain place is the radio frequency parameter obtained after a large number of tests, which can be compatible or adapted with as many card readers in this place as possible.

In the second case, due to the wide variety of card readers and numerous manufacturers, when electronic devices use the radio frequency parameters corresponding to the current location to send and receive radio frequency signals, they still cannot be compatible or adapted to all card readers in the current location . For example, when a user uses an electronic device to swipe a card at a location A, he may successfully swipe the card on some card readers at A location, but fail to swipe a card on some readers at A location.

Based on the shortcomings of the prior art, embodiments of the present application provide a communication method and device based on NFC. In this NFC-based communication method, the electronic device works in a card emulation mode. In the case that the NFC communication process fails due to the poor performance of the electronic device to send and receive RF signals, the electronic device can adjust the currently used RF parameters and use the adjusted RF parameters to re-execute the NFC communication with the card reader process. In this way, the performance of the radio frequency signal sent and received by the electronic device can be adjusted, thereby increasing the success rate of swiping the card.

The method provided in the embodiment of the present application can be applied to an electronic device working in a card emulation mode. The types of cards simulated by the electronic device may include, but are not limited to: subway cards, bus cards, access cards, credit cards, debit cards, stored value cards, shopping cards, boarding passes, movie tickets, coupons, student cards, social security Cards, membership cards, passports, etc. The electronic device stores card information used to simulate an NFC card. The card information may include, for example, the identification of an access card (such as UID), the identification of a bus card (such as UID), the card number of a bank card, and so on.

In the embodiment of the present application, the manner in which the electronic device is simulated as an NFC card may include the following two types:

1. The electronic device copies the physical card, that is, after storing the card information of the physical card, it uses NFC technology to execute the NFC communication process with the card reader. During the NFC communication process, the electronic device exchanges the card information of the physical card with the card reader to complete the card swiping. Electronic devices can replicate physical cards through NFC technology. Physical cards may include, but are not limited to: physical subway cards, bus cards, bank cards, access cards, social security cards, membership cards, passports, or other types of physical cards.

2. After the electronic device stores the card information of the electronic card, it uses NFC technology to execute the NFC communication process with the card reader. During the NFC communication process, the electronic device exchanges the card information of the electronic card with the card reader to complete the card swiping. E-cards are virtual rather than physical. Electronic cards may include, but are not limited to: virtual subway cards, bus cards, bank cards, access cards, social security cards, membership cards, passports or other types of electronic cards, etc.

The following describes in detail the NFC-based communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application with reference to FIG. 3. Referring to FIG. 3, FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of the NFC-based communication method provided by an embodiment of the application. As shown in Figure 3, the method may include the following steps:

Step S110, the electronic device works in the card emulation mode, and uses the first radio frequency parameter to execute the NFC communication process between the electronic device and the card reader.

For the NFC communication process between the electronic device and the card reader, reference may be made to the related description of the foregoing embodiment. The NFC communication process may include a first radio frequency communication process, a second radio frequency communication process, and a third radio frequency communication process.

The electronic device can use the following two strategies to perform the first radio frequency communication process, that is, use the following two strategies to detect the radio frequency field provided by the card reader:

Strategy 1: When the electronic device is in the on-screen and unlocked state, periodically detect the radio frequency field provided by the card reader; when the electronic device is in the off-screen state, locked-screen state or shut down state, continuously detect the card reader provides的RF field. Using strategy one, the electronic device can execute the first radio frequency communication process in any state, that is, the electronic device can execute the NFC-based communication method provided in the embodiment of the present application in any state.

Strategy 2: The electronic device detects the radio frequency field provided by the card reader in response to the received user operation. That is, the electronic device detects the radio frequency field provided by the card reader under the trigger of the user.

Referring to FIG. 4, FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of human-computer interaction provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in a of FIG. 4, the user interface 41 may be a user interface provided by a wallet application installed on an electronic device. The wallet is an application used to manage credit cards, debit cards, stored value cards, shopping cards, boarding passes, movie tickets, coupons, student ID cards, or other card coupons. As shown in a, the user interface 41 includes pictures of multiple cards that can be simulated by multiple electronic devices, such as pictures of bank cards, pictures of public transportation cards, pictures of subway cards, and so on. The user can click the picture of any card to trigger the electronic device to simulate the card corresponding to the picture. Exemplarily, the user can click the picture 401 of the bus card. In response to this operation, the electronic device displays the user interface as shown in b of FIG. 4 and starts to detect the radio frequency field provided by the card reader to simulate the bus card. Understandably, the second use strategy is that the electronic device detects the radio frequency field provided by the card reader according to the user's needs, which can save power consumption.

In the embodiment of the present application, when the electronic device enters the coverage of the radio frequency field provided by the card reader, the radio frequency field provided by the card reader can be detected.

In step S110, the electronic device uses the first radio frequency parameter to perform the NFC communication process between the electronic device and the card reader. In some embodiments, the first radio frequency parameter may be any set of radio frequency parameters selected by the electronic device from N sets of radio frequency parameters stored in advance. In other embodiments, the first radio frequency parameter may be the set of radio frequency parameters with the highest success rate of card swiping among the N sets of radio frequency parameters pre-stored by the electronic device.

Specifically, the electronic device stores N sets of radio frequency parameters in advance. N is a positive integer greater than or equal to one. In some embodiments, the electronic device may store the N sets of radio frequency parameters in order from high to low according to the card swiping success rate. For the parameter items included in each set of radio frequency parameters, reference may be made to the relevant description in the foregoing embodiment, and details are not described herein again. In the embodiment of the present application, the N sets of radio frequency parameters pre-stored by the electronic device can be obtained in the following two ways:

1. The N sets of radio frequency parameters pre-stored in the electronic device may be preset in the electronic device when the electronic device leaves the factory. Specifically, R&D personnel can obtain N sets of radio frequency parameters that are adapted or compatible with most card readers on the market through testing or other methods, and preset the N sets of radio frequency parameters in the electronic device.

2. The N sets of radio frequency parameters pre-stored by the electronic device may be obtained by the electronic device from the cloud server. Specifically, the cloud server may calculate the card swipe success rate corresponding to each set of radio frequency parameters based on the data reported by each electronic device. The cloud server can periodically issue the N sets of radio frequency parameters with the highest card swiping success rate to the electronic device. The manner in which the cloud server counts the card swiping success rate corresponding to each set of radio frequency parameters can refer to the related description in the subsequent embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

Step S120: The electronic device determines whether the performance of the NFC communication between the electronic device and the card reader fails due to poor performance of receiving and sending radio frequency signals.

It is understandable that when the electronic device is working in the card emulation mode, the performance of the electronic device to send and receive radio frequency signals is an important factor affecting the execution of the NFC communication process between the electronic device and the card reader, that is, the performance of the electronic device to receive and send radio frequency signals To the success rate of credit card. If the electronic device has good performance in receiving and sending radio frequency signals, the NFC communication process between the electronic device and the card reader can be executed smoothly, that is, the card swipe is successful. If the performance of the electronic device to send and receive radio frequency signals is poor, the NFC communication process between the electronic device and the card reader cannot be executed smoothly, that is, the card swiping fails.

In the embodiment of the present application, the electronic device can determine whether the NFC communication process between the electronic device and the card reader fails due to the poor performance of receiving and sending radio frequency signals in the following ways:

1. In the time period T1 after the electronic device detects the RF field for the first time, if the number of times the electronic device detects that the RF field strength is lower than the threshold is greater than the first value, or the electronic device detects the RF field strength is lower than the threshold for the duration If the value is greater than the second value, it is determined that the current NFC communication process between the electronic device and the card reader fails due to the poor performance of the electronic device to send and receive radio frequency signals. Among them, T1, the threshold, the first value, and the second value can all be preset.

Specifically, if the intensity of the radio frequency field detected by the electronic device many times or for a long time is lower than the threshold, it can be regarded that the electronic device cannot detect the radio frequency field continuously and stably, and the electronic device cannot continuously and stably receive the reading. The radio frequency signal sent by the card reader cannot continuously and stably send the radio frequency signal to the card reader, that is, the performance of the electronic device to send and receive radio frequency signals is poor. In this case, the electronic device cannot smoothly perform the NFC communication process with the card reader, that is, the card cannot be swiped successfully.

Referring to FIG. 5, FIG. 5 shows a possible schematic diagram of the strength of the radio frequency signal detected by the electronic device. In the situation shown in FIG. 5, the electronic device cannot detect the radio frequency field stably, the performance of receiving and sending radio frequency signals is poor, and the NFC communication process with the card reader cannot be executed smoothly.

2. In the time period T2 (for example, 3 seconds) after the electronic device detects the radio frequency field for the first time, if the second radio frequency communication process with the card reader is not successfully executed, that is, the electronic device has not finished executing the above-mentioned Figure 1 or For the related operations of the ISO/IEC14443-3 protocol in FIG. 2, it is determined that the current NFC communication process between the electronic device and the card reader fails due to the poor performance of the electronic device to send and receive radio frequency signals. T2 can be preset.

Specifically, the analysis of the ISO/IEC 14443-3 protocol is performed by the NFC chip of the electronic device without the intervention of the processor. When the electronic device performs the second radio frequency communication process with the card reader based on the ISO/IEC 14443-3 protocol, the electronic device itself cannot perceive whether it has received or sent the relevant ISO/IEC 14443-3 protocol. instruction. The electronic device cannot know which step of the second radio frequency communication process with the card reader is currently being executed, nor can it determine whether the second radio frequency communication process with the card reader has been successfully executed.

After the electronic device completes the second radio frequency communication process with the card reader, it starts to execute the third radio frequency communication process with the card reader. The third radio frequency communication process between the electronic device and the card reader is based on the ISO/IEC 14443-4 protocol. The analysis of the ISO/IEC 14443-4 protocol needs to be executed by the processor of the electronic device. Therefore, the electronic device can receive Based on the relevant instructions of the ISO/IEC 14443-4 protocol, to know whether the third radio frequency communication process with the card reader is currently started.

That is to say, in the second judgment method, in the time period T2 after the first detection of the radio frequency field, if the electronic device does not receive the relevant instructions based on the ISO/IEC 14443-4 protocol, it can be regarded as an electronic device The second radio frequency communication process with the card reader has not been completed. In a specific implementation, if the electronic device does not receive the RATS command based on the ISO/IEC 14443-4 protocol mentioned in the embodiment of FIG. 2 within the time period T2 after the first detection of the radio frequency field, then It can be considered that the electronic device has not completed the second radio frequency communication process with the card reader.

3. In the time period T3 after the electronic device detects the radio frequency field for the first time, if the third radio frequency communication process with the card reader is not successfully executed, that is, the electronic device has not completed the ISO in Figure 1 or Figure 2 above. /IEC 14443-4 protocol related operations, it is determined that the current NFC communication process between the electronic device and the card reader fails due to the poor performance of the electronic device to send and receive radio frequency signals. T3 can be preset.

Specifically, the third radio frequency communication process between the electronic device and the card reader is based on the ISO/IEC 14443-4 protocol, and the analysis of the ISO/IEC 14443-4 protocol needs to be executed by the processor of the electronic device. Therefore, the electronic device can determine which step in the third radio frequency communication process with the card reader is currently being executed according to the received and received radio frequency signals, and determine whether the third radio frequency communication with the card reader has been successfully executed. Communication process.

In a specific embodiment, if the electronic device does not receive the consumption instruction sent by the card reader within the time period T3 after detecting the radio frequency field for the first time, it can be considered that the electronic device has not completed the above and the card reader. The third radio frequency communication process between.

4. When the electronic device receives the NAK instruction, it is determined that the current NFC communication process between the electronic device and the card reader fails due to the poor performance of the electronic device to send and receive radio frequency signals.

In some embodiments, when the electronic device working in the card emulation mode communicates with the card reader, if the card reader does not receive instructions, the received instructions are incomplete, or errors, etc., the card reader can report to the electronic device Send a negative acknowledgment (NAK) command. The NAK command is used to instruct the electronic device to resend the command sent last time. The NFC chip of the electronic device can receive the NAK command and resend the command sent last time. This retransmission mechanism can ensure smooth data transmission between the electronic device and the card reader.

Situations such as failure to receive instructions, incomplete instructions or errors on the card reader side may be caused by the poor performance of the electronic device to send and receive radio frequency signals. Therefore, after the electronic device receives the NAK instruction, it can be considered that the current electronic device has poor performance in receiving and sending radio frequency signals, which may cause the execution of the NFC communication process between the electronic device and the card reader to fail.

In a specific implementation, after receiving the NAK instruction, the NFC chip of the electronic device can report the NAK instruction to the processor, so that the processor knows that the current electronic device has poor performance in receiving and sending radio frequency signals.

5. When the electronic device cannot parse the received instruction, or the content of the instruction parsed by the electronic device is abnormal, it is determined that the current NFC communication between the electronic device and the card reader is caused by the poor performance of the electronic device to send and receive radio frequency signals The process execution failed.

Specifically, when the performance of the electronic device for receiving and sending radio frequency signals is poor, it may cause the electronic device side to fail to parse the received command, and the content of the received command is abnormal. Therefore, the electronic device can determine whether the NFC communication process between the electronic device and the card reader is caused by the poor performance of the electronic device to send and receive radio frequency signals according to whether the received instruction can be parsed and whether the content of the parsed instruction is abnormal. The execution failed.

In specific implementation, during the NFC communication process, if the electronic device cannot parse the received instruction or the content of the received instruction is abnormal, the NFC chip of the electronic device encapsulates the situation as an event and reports it to the processor. In a specific embodiment, the NFC chip may report the error code 0x02RF_FRAME_CORRUPTED to the processor, which is used to indicate that the received instruction cannot be parsed. The NFC chip can report the error code 0xB0RF_TRANSMISSION_ERRO to the processor, which is used to indicate that the received instruction is abnormal or the verification fails.

Step S130: In the case that the NFC communication process between the electronic device and the card reader fails due to the poor performance of the electronic device to send and receive radio frequency signals, the electronic device uses the second radio frequency parameters to re-execute the communication with the card reader NFC communication process.

Specifically, in the case that the electronic device fails to execute the NFC communication process with the card reader using the first radio frequency parameter, the electronic device adjusts the radio frequency parameter from the first radio frequency parameter to the second radio frequency parameter, and executes and reads the card again NFC communication process between devices. That is, the electronic device uses the adjusted second radio frequency parameter to execute the first radio frequency communication process, the second radio frequency communication process, and the third radio frequency communication process with the card reader. In this way, the performance of the electronic device to receive and send radio frequency signals can be adjusted, and the card success rate of the electronic device can be improved.

In the embodiment of the present application, the second radio frequency parameter is different from the first radio frequency parameter. Specifically, the second radio frequency parameter includes a set of radio frequency parameters, the first radio frequency parameter includes a set of radio frequency parameters, and the difference between the second radio frequency parameter and the first radio frequency parameter means that some or all of the radio frequency parameters in the second radio frequency parameter are different from the first radio frequency parameter. The radio frequency parameters are different.

1. The second radio frequency parameter may be a set of radio frequency parameters that is different from the first radio frequency parameter randomly selected by the electronic device among the N sets of stored radio frequency parameters.

2. The second radio frequency parameter may be the radio frequency parameter with the highest card swipe success rate selected by the electronic device among other radio frequency parameters other than the first radio frequency parameter among the N sets of stored radio frequency parameters. Through the second method, the credit card success rate of electronic devices can be improved.

It is understandable that in the above-mentioned first method and second method, the electronic device selects the second radio frequency parameter at the local end, which can save time and power consumption, and the card can be successfully swiped faster.

3. The second radio frequency parameter may be obtained by the electronic device requesting the cloud server. In some embodiments, the cloud server may send any set of radio frequency parameters to the electronic device in response to the request of the electronic device, or send a set of radio frequency parameters with the highest success rate of card swiping to the electronic device. The electronic device may use the received radio frequency parameter as the second radio frequency parameter.

After performing step S130, since the electronic device adjusts the radio frequency parameters, which is equivalent to adjusting the performance of receiving and sending radio frequency signals, the electronic device may succeed when it executes the NFC communication process with the card reader again. If the electronic device still fails when performing the NFC communication process with the card reader again, the electronic device repeats steps S120-S130 to adjust the radio frequency parameters again until the NFC communication process with the card reader is successfully performed.

Through the NFC-based communication method shown in Figure 3, when the electronic device fails to perform the NFC communication process with the card reader due to poor transceiver RF signals, it can adjust the RF parameters, which is equivalent to adjusting the performance of the RF signal. , And re-execute the NFC communication process with the card reader. In this way, the successful execution of the NFC communication process between the electronic device and the card reader can be ensured, thereby increasing the card swiping success rate.

In some embodiments of the present application, the electronic device may also store radio frequency parameters used when successfully executing the NFC communication process with the card reader. Taking the second radio frequency parameter as the radio frequency parameter used when the electronic device successfully performs the NFC communication process with the card reader as an example, the electronic device can store the second radio frequency parameter in the following ways:

1. The electronic device stores the identification of the card reader and the second radio frequency parameter in association.

Specifically, the second radio frequency parameter used when the electronic device successfully executes the NFC communication process with the card reader is adapted to the card reader. After the electronic device stores the identity of the card reader and the second radio frequency parameter in association, when the electronic device executes the NFC communication process with the reader again, it can use the second radio frequency parameter stored in association with the identity of the card reader . In a specific implementation, the electronic device can learn the identity of the card reader through an instruction interaction with the card reader.

The first storage method can ensure that each subsequent NFC communication process performed between the electronic device and the card reader can have a higher communication success rate.

2. The electronic device stores the current simulated card type and the second radio frequency parameter in association.

Specifically, the hardware structure of the card reader corresponding to the same type of card is similar. For example, the hardware structure of the bus card reader is similar, and the hardware structure of the bank card reader is similar. For example, if the card type currently simulated by the electronic device is a bus card, the second radio frequency parameter can be adapted to most bus card readers. After the electronic device associates and stores the currently simulated card type (such as a bus card) and the second radio frequency parameter, when the electronic device is simulated as a bus card again, it can directly use the second radio frequency parameter to perform NFC communication with the bus card reader process.

In some embodiments, the electronic device can learn the currently simulated card type according to the received user operation. For example, referring to Figure 4, the electronic device can learn the currently simulated card type according to the received user operation. For example, when the electronic device receives the user operation on the picture 401 on the user interface 41, it can learn that the currently simulated card type is Bus card.

The second storage method can ensure that each NFC communication process performed between the subsequent electronic device and the card reader corresponding to the same type of card can have a higher communication success rate.

3. The electronic device can also store the current location and the second radio frequency parameter in association.

Specifically, the card readers at the same location may be of the same type or from the same manufacturer. Therefore, the hardware structure of the card readers at the same location is similar. The second radio frequency parameter can be adapted to most card readers in the current location. After the electronic device associates and stores the current location and the second radio frequency parameter, when the electronic device is at the location again, it can directly use the second radio frequency parameter to perform each NFC communication process with the card reader under the location.

The third storage method can ensure that each NFC communication process performed between the subsequent electronic device and the card reader in the same location can have a higher communication success rate.

In some embodiments of the present application, the electronic device can also count the number of successes and failures when using each set of radio frequency parameters to execute the NFC communication process with the card reader, that is, the number of successful swipes and swipes corresponding to each set of radio frequency parameters. The number of failures, and report the statistical data to the cloud server. The cloud server can obtain the data reported by multiple electronic devices, respectively count the credit card success rate of each set of radio frequency parameters, and can periodically issue the N sets of radio frequency parameters with the highest credit card success rate to each electronic device.

In some embodiments of the present application, the electronic device can also count the number of successes and failures when using various sets of radio frequency parameters on each card reader to perform the NFC communication process with the card reader, and count The data is reported to the cloud server. The cloud server can obtain the data reported by multiple electronic devices, respectively count the N sets of radio frequency parameters with the highest swipe success rate corresponding to each card reader, and can periodically assign each card reader to the N sets of the highest swipe success rate. The radio frequency parameters are delivered to the electronic equipment. In this way, when the electronic device works in the card emulation mode and swipes the card, it can select any set of radio frequency parameters from the N sets of radio frequency parameters with the highest swipe success rate corresponding to the card reader according to the current card reader's identification to send and receive radio frequency. Signal, thereby improving the success rate of electronic devices.

In some embodiments of the present application, the electronic device can also count the number of successes and failures when using various sets of radio frequency parameters to execute the NFC communication process with the card reader in each location, and report the statistical data to Cloud server. The cloud server can obtain the data reported by multiple electronic devices, count the N sets of radio frequency parameters with the highest credit card success rate corresponding to each location, and can periodically issue the N sets of radio frequency parameters with the highest credit card success rate corresponding to each location To electronic equipment. In this way, when the electronic device works in the card emulation mode and swipes the card, it can select any set of RF parameters from the N sets of RF parameters with the highest credit card success rate corresponding to the location according to the current location to send and receive RF signals, thereby improving the electronic equipment The success rate of credit card.

In some embodiments of the present application, the electronic device can also count the number of successes and failures when simulating each type of card, using various sets of radio frequency parameters to execute the NFC communication process with the card reader, and count The data is reported to the cloud server. The cloud server can obtain the data reported by multiple electronic devices, respectively count the N sets of radio frequency parameters with the highest swipe success rate corresponding to each type of card, and can periodically correspond each type of card to the N sets of radio frequency with the highest swipe success rate. The parameters are delivered to the electronic device. In this way, when the electronic device is working in the card emulation mode and swiping the card, it can select any set of radio frequency parameters to send and receive from the N sets of radio frequency parameters with the highest swiping success rate corresponding to this type of card according to the type of the currently simulated card. Radio frequency signal, thereby improving the success rate of electronic devices.

In the embodiments of the present application, the data collected by the electronic device and used for reporting to the cloud server in the above several situations may be referred to as the first information.

In order to implement the NFC-based communication method described in the foregoing embodiment, the embodiment of the present application also provides a corresponding device. The electronic device and card reader provided in the embodiments of the present application are described in detail below.

In the embodiments of the present application, the electronic device is a device that can communicate with other devices using NFC. The electronic device can work in the card emulation mode to execute the first radio frequency communication process of radio frequency communication, the second radio frequency communication process of radio frequency communication, and the third radio frequency communication process of radio frequency communication to complete functions such as access control and contactless payment. The electronic device in the embodiment of the present application can be used to execute the NFC-based communication method shown in the embodiment of FIG. 3 above.

The embodiments of the present application do not limit the types of electronic devices. Electronic devices can be mobile phones, tablet computers, personal digital assistants (personal digital assistants, PDAs), wearable devices (such as smart bracelets, smart watches), laptop computers, and touch-sensitive surfaces (such as touch panels). ) Laptop computer (laptop) and other portable electronic equipment. Exemplary embodiments of portable electronic devices include, but are not limited to, portable electronic devices equipped with iOS, android, microsoft or other operating systems.

FIG. 6A shows a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary electronic device 100 provided in the present application.

The electronic device 100 may include a processor 110, an external memory interface 120, an internal memory 121, a universal serial bus (USB) interface 130, a charging management module 140, a power management module 141, a battery 142, an antenna 1, and an antenna 2. , Mobile communication module 150, wireless communication module 160, audio module 170, speaker 170A, receiver 170B, microphone 170C, earphone jack 170D, sensor module 180, buttons 190, motor 191, indicator 192, camera 193, display screen 194, and Subscriber identification module (subscriber identification module, SIM) card interface 195, etc. The sensor module 180 may include pressure sensor 180A, gyroscope sensor 180B, air pressure sensor 180C, magnetic sensor 180D, acceleration sensor 180E, distance sensor 180F, proximity light sensor 180G, fingerprint sensor 180H, temperature sensor 180J, touch sensor 180K, ambient light Sensor 180L, bone conduction sensor 180M, etc.

It can be understood that the structure illustrated in the embodiment of the present application does not constitute a specific limitation on the electronic device 100. In other embodiments of the present application, the electronic device 100 may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or split certain components, or arrange different components. The illustrated components can be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.

The processor 110 may include one or more processing units. For example, the processor 110 may include an application processor (AP), a modem processor, a graphics processing unit (GPU), and an image signal processor. (image signal processor, ISP), controller, video codec, digital signal processor (digital signal processor, DSP), baseband processor, and/or neural-network processing unit (NPU), etc. Among them, the different processing units may be independent devices or integrated in one or more processors.

The controller can generate operation control signals according to the instruction operation code and timing signals to complete the control of fetching and executing instructions.

A memory may also be provided in the processor 110 to store instructions and data. In some embodiments, the memory in the processor 110 is a cache memory. The memory can store instructions or data that have just been used or recycled by the processor 110. If the processor 110 needs to use the instruction or data again, it can be directly called from the memory. Repeated accesses are avoided, the waiting time of the processor 110 is reduced, and the efficiency of the system is improved.

In some embodiments, the processor 110 may include one or more interfaces. The interface may include an integrated circuit (inter-integrated circuit, I2C) interface, an integrated circuit built-in audio (inter-integrated circuit sound, I2S) interface, a pulse code modulation (pulse code modulation, PCM) interface, and a universal asynchronous transmitter (universal asynchronous transmitter) interface. receiver/transmitter, UART) interface, mobile industry processor interface (MIPI), general-purpose input/output (GPIO) interface, subscriber identity module (SIM) interface, and / Or Universal Serial Bus (USB) interface, etc.

The I2C interface is a two-way synchronous serial bus, including a serial data line (SDA) and a serial clock line (SCL). In some embodiments, the processor 110 may include multiple sets of I2C buses. The processor 110 may be coupled to the touch sensor 180K, charger, flash, camera 193, etc. through different I2C bus interfaces. For example, the processor 110 may couple the touch sensor 180K through an I2C interface, so that the processor 110 and the touch sensor 180K communicate through an I2C bus interface to implement the touch function of the electronic device 100.

The I2S interface can be used for audio communication. In some embodiments, the processor 110 may include multiple sets of I2S buses. The processor 110 may be coupled with the audio module 170 through an I2S bus to realize communication between the processor 110 and the audio module 170. In some embodiments, the audio module 170 may transmit audio signals to the wireless communication module 160 through an I2S interface, so as to realize the function of answering calls through a Bluetooth headset.

The PCM interface can also be used for audio communication to sample, quantize and encode analog signals. In some embodiments, the audio module 170 and the wireless communication module 160 may be coupled through a PCM bus interface. In some embodiments, the audio module 170 may also transmit audio signals to the wireless communication module 160 through the PCM interface, so as to realize the function of answering calls through the Bluetooth headset. Both the I2S interface and the PCM interface can be used for audio communication.

The UART interface is a universal serial data bus used for asynchronous communication. The bus can be a two-way communication bus. It converts the data to be transmitted between serial communication and parallel communication. In some embodiments, the UART interface is generally used to connect the processor 110 and the wireless communication module 160. For example, the processor 110 communicates with the Bluetooth module in the wireless communication module 160 through the UART interface to implement the Bluetooth function. In some embodiments, the audio module 170 may transmit audio signals to the wireless communication module 160 through a UART interface, so as to realize the function of playing music through a Bluetooth headset.

The MIPI interface can be used to connect the processor 110 with the display screen 194, the camera 193 and other peripheral devices. The MIPI interface includes camera serial interface (camera serial interface, CSI), display serial interface (display serial interface, DSI), etc. In some embodiments, the processor 110 and the camera 193 communicate through a CSI interface to implement the shooting function of the electronic device 100. The processor 110 and the display screen 194 communicate through a DSI interface to realize the display function of the electronic device 100.

The GPIO interface can be configured through software. The GPIO interface can be configured as a control signal or as a data signal. In some embodiments, the GPIO interface can be used to connect the processor 110 with the camera 193, the display screen 194, the wireless communication module 160, the audio module 170, the sensor module 180, and so on. GPIO interface can also be configured as I2C interface, I2S interface, UART interface, MIPI interface, etc.

The USB interface 130 is an interface that complies with the USB standard specification, and specifically may be a Mini USB interface, a Micro USB interface, a USB Type C interface, and so on. The USB interface 130 can be used to connect a charger to charge the electronic device 100, and can also be used to transfer data between the electronic device 100 and peripheral devices. It can also be used to connect headphones and play audio through the headphones. This interface can also be used to connect other electronic devices, such as AR devices.

It can be understood that the interface connection relationship between the modules illustrated in the embodiment of the present application is merely a schematic description, and does not constitute a structural limitation of the electronic device 100. In other embodiments of the present application, the electronic device 100 may also adopt different interface connection modes in the foregoing embodiments, or a combination of multiple interface connection modes.

The charging management module 140 is used to receive charging input from the charger. Among them, the charger can be a wireless charger or a wired charger. In some wired charging embodiments, the charging management module 140 may receive the charging input of the wired charger through the USB interface 130. In some embodiments of wireless charging, the charging management module 140 may receive the wireless charging input through the wireless charging coil of the electronic device 100. While the charging management module 140 charges the battery 142, it can also supply power to the electronic device through the power management module 141.

The power management module 141 is used to connect the battery 142, the charging management module 140 and the processor 110. The power management module 141 receives input from the battery 142 and/or the charging management module 140, and supplies power to the processor 110, the internal memory 121, the display screen 194, the camera 193, and the wireless communication module 160. The power management module 141 can also be used to monitor parameters such as battery capacity, battery cycle times, and battery health status (leakage, impedance). In some other embodiments, the power management module 141 may also be provided in the processor 110. In other embodiments, the power management module 141 and the charging management module 140 may also be provided in the same device.

The wireless communication function of the electronic device 100 can be implemented by the antenna 1, the antenna 2, the mobile communication module 150, the wireless communication module 160, the modem processor, and the baseband processor.

The antenna 1 and the antenna 2 are used to transmit and receive electromagnetic wave signals. Each antenna in the electronic device 100 can be used to cover a single or multiple communication frequency bands. Different antennas can also be reused to improve antenna utilization. For example, antenna 1 can be multiplexed as a diversity antenna of a wireless local area network. In other embodiments, the antenna can be used in combination with a tuning switch.

The mobile communication module 150 can provide a wireless communication solution including 2G/3G/4G/5G and the like applied to the electronic device 100. The mobile communication module 150 may include at least one filter, switch, power amplifier, low noise amplifier (LNA), etc. The mobile communication module 150 can receive electromagnetic waves by the antenna 1, and perform processing such as filtering and amplifying the received electromagnetic waves, and then transmitting them to the modem processor for demodulation. The mobile communication module 150 can also amplify the signal modulated by the modem processor, and convert it into electromagnetic waves for radiation via the antenna 1. In some embodiments, at least part of the functional modules of the mobile communication module 150 may be provided in the processor 110. In some embodiments, at least part of the functional modules of the mobile communication module 150 and at least part of the modules of the processor 110 may be provided in the same device.

The modem processor may include a modulator and a demodulator. Among them, the modulator is used to modulate the low frequency baseband signal to be sent into a medium and high frequency signal. The demodulator is used to demodulate the received electromagnetic wave signal into a low-frequency baseband signal. Then the demodulator transmits the demodulated low-frequency baseband signal to the baseband processor for processing. The low-frequency baseband signal is processed by the baseband processor and then passed to the application processor. The application processor outputs a sound signal through an audio device (not limited to the speaker 170A, the receiver 170B, etc.), or displays an image or video through the display screen 194. In some embodiments, the modem processor may be an independent device. In other embodiments, the modem processor may be independent of the processor 110 and be provided in the same device as the mobile communication module 150 or other functional modules.

The wireless communication module 160 can provide applications on the electronic device 100 including wireless local area networks (WLAN) (such as wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) networks), bluetooth (BT), and global navigation satellites. System (global navigation satellite system, GNSS), frequency modulation (frequency modulation, FM), near field communication technology (near field communication, NFC), infrared technology (infrared, IR) and other wireless communication solutions. The wireless communication module 160 may be one or more devices integrating at least one communication processing module. The wireless communication module 160 receives electromagnetic waves via the antenna 2, frequency modulates and filters the electromagnetic wave signals, and sends the processed signals to the processor 110. The wireless communication module 160 can also receive the signal to be sent from the processor 110, perform frequency modulation, amplify it, and convert it into electromagnetic wave radiation via the antenna 2. In some embodiments, the antenna 1 of the electronic device 100 is coupled with the mobile communication module 150, and the antenna 2 is coupled with the wireless communication module 160, so that the electronic device 100 can communicate with the network and other devices through wireless communication technology. The wireless communication technologies may include global system for mobile communications (GSM), general packet radio service (GPRS), code division multiple access (CDMA), broadband Code division multiple access (wideband code division multiple access, WCDMA), time-division code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA), long term evolution (LTE), BT, GNSS, WLAN, NFC , FM, and/or IR technology, etc. The GNSS may include global positioning system (GPS), global navigation satellite system (GLONASS), Beidou navigation satellite system (BDS), quasi-zenith satellite system (quasi -zenith satellite system, QZSS) and/or satellite-based augmentation systems (SBAS).

The electronic device 100 implements a display function through a GPU, a display screen 194, and an application processor. The GPU is a microprocessor for image processing, connected to the display 194 and the application processor. The GPU is used to perform mathematical and geometric calculations for graphics rendering. The processor 110 may include one or more GPUs, which execute program instructions to generate or change display information.

The display screen 194 is used to display images, videos, etc. The display screen 194 includes a display panel. The display panel can adopt liquid crystal display (LCD), organic light-emitting diode (OLED), active matrix organic light-emitting diode or active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (active-matrix organic light-emitting diode). AMOLED, flexible light-emitting diode (FLED), Miniled, MicroLed, Micro-oLed, quantum dot light-emitting diode (QLED), etc. In some embodiments, the electronic device 100 may include one or N display screens 194, and N is a positive integer greater than one.

The electronic device 100 can implement a shooting function through an ISP, a camera 193, a video codec, a GPU, a display screen 194, and an application processor.

The ISP is used to process the data fed back from the camera 193. For example, when taking a picture, the shutter is opened, the light is transmitted to the photosensitive element of the camera through the lens, the light signal is converted into an electrical signal, and the photosensitive element of the camera transfers the electrical signal to the ISP for processing and is converted into an image visible to the naked eye. ISP can also optimize the image noise, brightness, and skin color. ISP can also optimize the exposure, color temperature and other parameters of the shooting scene. In some embodiments, the ISP may be provided in the camera 193.

The camera 193 is used to capture still images or videos. The object generates an optical image through the lens and projects it to the photosensitive element. The photosensitive element may be a charge coupled device (CCD) or a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) phototransistor. The photosensitive element converts the optical signal into an electrical signal, and then transmits the electrical signal to the ISP to convert it into a digital image signal. ISP outputs digital image signals to DSP for processing. DSP converts digital image signals into standard RGB, YUV and other formats. In some embodiments, the electronic device 100 may include 1 or N cameras 193, and N is a positive integer greater than 1.

Digital signal processors are used to process digital signals. In addition to digital image signals, they can also process other digital signals. For example, when the electronic device 100 selects the frequency point, the digital signal processor is used to perform Fourier transform on the energy of the frequency point.

Video codecs are used to compress or decompress digital video. The electronic device 100 may support one or more video codecs. In this way, the electronic device 100 can play or record videos in a variety of encoding formats, such as: moving picture experts group (MPEG) 1, MPEG2, MPEG3, MPEG4, and so on.

NPU is a neural-network (NN) computing processor. By drawing on the structure of biological neural networks, for example, the transfer mode between human brain neurons, it can quickly process input information and can continuously learn by itself. The NPU can realize applications such as intelligent cognition of the electronic device 100, such as image recognition, face recognition, voice recognition, text understanding, and so on.

The external memory interface 120 may be used to connect an external memory card, such as a Micro SD card, to expand the storage capacity of the electronic device 100. The external memory card communicates with the processor 110 through the external memory interface 120 to realize the data storage function. For example, save music, video and other files in an external memory card.

The internal memory 121 may be used to store computer executable program code, where the executable program code includes instructions. The internal memory 121 may include a storage program area and a storage data area. Among them, the storage program area can store an operating system, at least one application program (such as a sound playback function, an image playback function, etc.) required by at least one function. The data storage area can store data (such as audio data, phone book, etc.) created during the use of the electronic device 100. In addition, the internal memory 121 may include a high-speed random access memory, and may also include a non-volatile memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, a flash memory device, a universal flash storage (UFS), etc. The processor 110 executes various functional applications and data processing of the electronic device 100 by running instructions stored in the internal memory 121 and/or instructions stored in a memory provided in the processor.

The electronic device 100 can implement audio functions through the audio module 170, the speaker 170A, the receiver 170B, the microphone 170C, the earphone interface 170D, and the application processor. For example, music playback, recording, etc.

The audio module 170 is used to convert digital audio information into an analog audio signal for output, and is also used to convert an analog audio input into a digital audio signal. The audio module 170 can also be used to encode and decode audio signals. In some embodiments, the audio module 170 may be provided in the processor 110, or part of the functional modules of the audio module 170 may be provided in the processor 110.

The speaker 170A, also called a "speaker", is used to convert audio electrical signals into sound signals. The electronic device 100 can listen to music through the speaker 170A, or listen to a hands-free call.

The receiver 170B, also called "earpiece", is used to convert audio electrical signals into sound signals. When the electronic device 100 answers a call or voice message, it can receive the voice by bringing the receiver 170B close to the human ear.

The microphone 170C, also called "microphone", "microphone", is used to convert sound signals into electrical signals. When making a call or sending a voice message, the user can approach the microphone 170C through the mouth to make a sound, and input the sound signal to the microphone 170C. The electronic device 100 may be provided with at least one microphone 170C. In other embodiments, the electronic device 100 may be provided with two microphones 170C, which can implement noise reduction functions in addition to collecting sound signals. In some other embodiments, the electronic device 100 can also be provided with three, four or more microphones 170C to collect sound signals, reduce noise, identify sound sources, and realize directional recording functions.

The earphone interface 170D is used to connect wired earphones. The earphone interface 170D may be a USB interface 130, or a 3.5mm open mobile terminal platform (OMTP) standard interface, or a cellular telecommunications industry association of the USA (CTIA) standard interface.

The pressure sensor 180A is used to sense the pressure signal and can convert the pressure signal into an electrical signal. In some embodiments, the pressure sensor 180A may be provided on the display screen 194. There are many types of pressure sensors 180A, such as resistive pressure sensors, inductive pressure sensors, capacitive pressure sensors and so on. The capacitive pressure sensor may include at least two parallel plates with conductive material. When a force is applied to the pressure sensor 180A, the capacitance between the electrodes changes. The electronic device 100 determines the intensity of the pressure according to the change in capacitance. When a touch operation acts on the display screen 194, the electronic device 100 detects the intensity of the touch operation according to the pressure sensor 180A. The electronic device 100 may also calculate the touched position according to the detection signal of the pressure sensor 180A. In some embodiments, touch operations that act on the same touch location but have different touch operation strengths may correspond to different operation instructions. For example: when a touch operation whose intensity of the touch operation is less than the first pressure threshold is applied to the short message application icon, an instruction to view the short message is executed. When a touch operation with a touch operation intensity greater than or equal to the first pressure threshold acts on the short message application icon, an instruction to create a new short message is executed.

The gyro sensor 180B may be used to determine the movement posture of the electronic device 100. In some embodiments, the angular velocity of the electronic device 100 around three axes (ie, x, y, and z axes) can be determined by the gyro sensor 180B. The gyro sensor 180B can be used for image stabilization. Exemplarily, when the shutter is pressed, the gyro sensor 180B detects the shake angle of the electronic device 100, calculates the distance that the lens module needs to compensate according to the angle, and allows the lens to counteract the shake of the electronic device 100 through reverse movement to achieve anti-shake. The gyro sensor 180B can also be used for navigation and somatosensory game scenes.

The air pressure sensor 180C is used to measure air pressure. In some embodiments, the electronic device 100 calculates the altitude based on the air pressure value measured by the air pressure sensor 180C to assist positioning and navigation.

The magnetic sensor 180D includes a Hall sensor. The electronic device 100 can use the magnetic sensor 180D to detect the opening and closing of the flip holster. In some embodiments, when the electronic device 100 is a flip machine, the electronic device 100 can detect the opening and closing of the flip according to the magnetic sensor 180D. Furthermore, according to the detected opening and closing state of the leather case or the opening and closing state of the flip cover, features such as automatic unlocking of the flip cover are set.

The acceleration sensor 180E can detect the magnitude of the acceleration of the electronic device 100 in various directions (generally three axes). When the electronic device 100 is stationary, the magnitude and direction of gravity can be detected. It can also be used to identify the posture of electronic devices, and used in applications such as horizontal and vertical screen switching, pedometers, etc.

Distance sensor 180F, used to measure distance. The electronic device 100 can measure the distance by infrared or laser. In some embodiments, when shooting a scene, the electronic device 100 can use the distance sensor 180F to measure the distance to achieve fast focusing.

The proximity light sensor 180G may include, for example, a light emitting diode (LED) and a light detector such as a photodiode. The light emitting diode may be an infrared light emitting diode. The electronic device 100 emits infrared light to the outside through the light emitting diode. The electronic device 100 uses a photodiode to detect infrared reflected light from nearby objects. When sufficient reflected light is detected, it can be determined that there is an object near the electronic device 100. When insufficient reflected light is detected, the electronic device 100 can determine that there is no object near the electronic device 100. The electronic device 100 can use the proximity light sensor 180G to detect that the user holds the electronic device 100 close to the ear to talk, so as to automatically turn off the screen to save power. The proximity light sensor 180G can also be used in leather case mode, and the pocket mode will automatically unlock and lock the screen.

The ambient light sensor 180L is used to sense the brightness of the ambient light. The electronic device 100 can adaptively adjust the brightness of the display screen 194 according to the perceived brightness of the ambient light. The ambient light sensor 180L can also be used to automatically adjust the white balance when taking pictures. The ambient light sensor 180L can also cooperate with the proximity light sensor 180G to detect whether the electronic device 100 is in the pocket to prevent accidental touch.

The fingerprint sensor 180H is used to collect fingerprints. The electronic device 100 can use the collected fingerprint characteristics to realize fingerprint unlocking, access application locks, fingerprint photographs, fingerprint answering calls, etc.

The temperature sensor 180J is used to detect temperature. In some embodiments, the electronic device 100 uses the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 180J to execute a temperature processing strategy. For example, when the temperature reported by the temperature sensor 180J exceeds a threshold value, the electronic device 100 executes to reduce the performance of the processor located near the temperature sensor 180J, so as to reduce power consumption and implement thermal protection. In other embodiments, when the temperature is lower than another threshold, the electronic device 100 heats the battery 142 to avoid abnormal shutdown of the electronic device 100 due to low temperature. In some other embodiments, when the temperature is lower than another threshold, the electronic device 100 boosts the output voltage of the battery 142 to avoid abnormal shutdown caused by low temperature.

Touch sensor 180K, also called "touch panel". The touch sensor 180K may be disposed on the display screen 194, and the touch screen is composed of the touch sensor 180K and the display screen 194, which is also called a “touch screen”. The touch sensor 180K is used to detect touch operations acting on or near it. The touch sensor can pass the detected touch operation to the application processor to determine the type of touch event. The visual output related to the touch operation can be provided through the display screen 194. In other embodiments, the touch sensor 180K may also be disposed on the surface of the electronic device 100, which is different from the position of the display screen 194.

The bone conduction sensor 180M can acquire vibration signals. In some embodiments, the bone conduction sensor 180M can obtain the vibration signal of the vibrating bone mass of the human voice. The bone conduction sensor 180M can also contact the human pulse and receive the blood pressure pulse signal. In some embodiments, the bone conduction sensor 180M may also be provided in the earphone, combined with the bone conduction earphone. The audio module 170 can parse the voice signal based on the vibration signal of the vibrating bone block of the voice obtained by the bone conduction sensor 180M, and realize the voice function. The application processor may analyze the heart rate information based on the blood pressure beat signal obtained by the bone conduction sensor 180M, and realize the heart rate detection function.

The button 190 includes a power button, a volume button, and so on. The button 190 may be a mechanical button. It can also be a touch button. The electronic device 100 may receive key input, and generate key signal input related to user settings and function control of the electronic device 100.

The motor 191 can generate vibration prompts. The motor 191 can be used for incoming call vibration notification, and can also be used for touch vibration feedback. For example, touch operations applied to different applications (such as photographing, audio playback, etc.) can correspond to different vibration feedback effects. Acting on touch operations in different areas of the display screen 194, the motor 191 can also correspond to different vibration feedback effects. Different application scenarios (for example: time reminding, receiving information, alarm clock, games, etc.) can also correspond to different vibration feedback effects. The touch vibration feedback effect can also support customization.

The indicator 192 may be an indicator light, which may be used to indicate the charging status, power change, or to indicate messages, missed calls, notifications, and so on.

The SIM card interface 195 is used to connect to the SIM card. The SIM card can be inserted into the SIM card interface 195 or pulled out from the SIM card interface 195 to achieve contact and separation with the electronic device 100. The electronic device 100 may support 1 or N SIM card interfaces, and N is a positive integer greater than 1. The SIM card interface 195 can support Nano SIM cards, Micro SIM cards, SIM cards, etc. The same SIM card interface 195 can insert multiple cards at the same time. The types of the multiple cards can be the same or different. The SIM card interface 195 can also be compatible with different types of SIM cards. The SIM card interface 195 may also be compatible with external memory cards. The electronic device 100 interacts with the network through the SIM card to implement functions such as call and data communication. In some embodiments, the electronic device 100 adopts an eSIM, that is, an embedded SIM card. The eSIM card can be embedded in the electronic device 100 and cannot be separated from the electronic device 100.

The software system of the electronic device 100 may adopt a layered architecture, an event-driven architecture, a microkernel architecture, a microservice architecture, or a cloud architecture. The embodiment of the present application takes a layered Android system as an example to illustrate the software structure of the electronic device 100.

In the embodiment of the present application, the wireless communication module 160 may include an NFC chip, and the NFC chip is used to provide an NFC solution applied to the electronic device 100.

Specifically, the NFC chip is used to receive the radio frequency signal sent by the card reader via the antenna, thereby detecting the radio frequency field provided by the card reader and receiving the radio frequency signal sent by the card reader. The NFC chip is also used to use load modulation technology to modulate the information to be sent in the inductance coil inside the antenna (for example, to change the impedance of the inductance coil regularly), so as to regularly change the inductance of the antenna in the reader in the radio frequency field The load of the coil, which transmits radio frequency signals. The card reader can detect the change in the load of the inductance coil, read the information sent by the NFC chip, and realize the transmission of information.

In some embodiments, the NFC chip can be used to parse commands based on the underlying protocol ISO/IEC 14443-3. For example, the NFC chip can be used to resolve REQA, SDD, SELECT, etc. The NFC chip can perform corresponding processing operations based on the analysis results, such as generating and sending ATQA, SAK, etc.

In some embodiments, when the NFC chip receives an instruction based on the upper-layer protocol ISO/IEC 14443-4, it can send the processed instruction to the processor 110, and the processor 110 parses the instruction and executes the corresponding instruction in response to the instruction. Operation. The commands based on the upper layer protocol ISO/IEC 14443-4 may include RATS, for example. The processor 110 may generate a signal to be sent based on the upper layer protocol ISO/IEC 14443-4, and send the signal to the NFC chip, and the NFC chip converts the signal into a radio frequency signal via the antenna and sends it out.

In the embodiment of the present application, the electronic device is also configured with SE. The SE stores the card information of the card simulated by the electronic device, such as UID, account balance, card swiping record, etc. The SE and the NFC chip cooperate to complete the card swiping process. For this process, refer to the relevant description of the previous embodiment.

Referring to FIG. 6B, the SE may be set in the processor 121, may be set in the SIM card, or may be set independently, which is not limited in this application.

In the embodiment of the present application, the memory 121 may be used to store N sets of radio frequency parameters. The N sets of radio frequency parameters may be preset when the electronic device leaves the factory, or may be periodically issued to the electronic device by the cloud server. The N sets of radio frequency parameters may be radio frequency parameters with the highest card swipe success rate, or radio frequency parameters with the highest card swipe success rate corresponding to each card reader/location/card type. Refer to the relevant description of the foregoing method embodiment.

In the embodiment of the present application, the processor 110 may be used to determine whether the electronic device fails to swipe the card due to poor performance of sending and receiving radio frequency signals. For the specific judgment method, refer to the related description of the foregoing method embodiment.

In the embodiment of the present application, the processor 110 may also be used to re-execute the NFC communication process with the card reader using the second radio frequency parameter when the electronic device has a poor performance in receiving and sending radio frequency signals and the card swiping fails. For the determination method of the second radio frequency parameter, refer to the related description of the foregoing method embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a software structure block diagram of the electronic device 100 according to an embodiment of the present application.

The layered architecture divides the software into several layers, and each layer has a clear role and division of labor. Communication between layers through software interface. In some embodiments, the Android system is divided into four layers, from top to bottom, the application layer, the application framework layer, the Android runtime and system library, and the kernel layer.

The application layer can include a series of application packages.

As shown in Figure 7, the application package may include applications such as camera, gallery, calendar, call, map, navigation, WLAN, Bluetooth, music, video, short message, etc.

The application framework layer provides application programming interfaces (application programming interface, API) and programming frameworks for applications in the application layer. The application framework layer includes some predefined functions.

As shown in Figure 7, the application framework layer can include a window manager, a content provider, a view system, a phone manager, a resource manager, and a notification manager.

The window manager is used to manage window programs. The window manager can obtain the size of the display, determine whether there is a status bar, lock the screen, take a screenshot, etc.

The content provider is used to store and retrieve data and make these data accessible to applications. The data may include video, image, audio, phone calls made and received, browsing history and bookmarks, phone book, etc.

The view system includes visual controls, such as controls that display text and controls that display pictures. The view system can be used to build applications. The display interface can be composed of one or more views. For example, a display interface that includes a short message notification icon may include a view that displays text and a view that displays pictures.

The phone manager is used to provide the communication function of the electronic device 100. For example, the management of the call status (including connecting, hanging up, etc.).

The resource manager provides various resources for the application, such as localized strings, icons, pictures, layout files, video files, etc.

The notification manager enables the application to display notification information in the status bar, which can be used to convey notification-type messages, and can disappear automatically after a short stay without user interaction. For example, the notification manager is used to notify the download completion, message reminder, etc. The notification manager can also be a notification that appears in the status bar at the top of the system in the form of a chart or scroll bar text, such as a notification of an application running in the background, or a notification that appears on the screen in the form of a dialog window. For example, text messages are prompted in the status bar, prompt sounds, electronic equipment vibrates, and indicator lights flash.

Android Runtime includes core libraries and virtual machines. Android runtime is responsible for the scheduling and management of the Android system.

The core library consists of two parts: one part is the function functions that the java language needs to call, and the other part is the core library of Android.

The application layer and the application framework layer run in a virtual machine. The virtual machine executes the java files of the application layer and the application framework layer as binary files. The virtual machine is used to perform functions such as object life cycle management, stack management, thread management, security and exception management, and garbage collection.

The system library can include multiple functional modules. For example: surface manager (surface manager), media library (Media Libraries), three-dimensional graphics processing library (for example: OpenGL ES), 2D graphics engine (for example: SGL), etc.

The surface manager is used to manage the display subsystem and provides a combination of 2D and 3D layers for multiple applications.

The media library supports playback and recording of a variety of commonly used audio and video formats, as well as still image files. The media library can support multiple audio and video encoding formats, such as: MPEG4, H.264, MP3, AAC, AMR, JPG, PNG, etc.

The 3D graphics processing library is used to realize 3D graphics drawing, image rendering, synthesis, and layer processing.

The 2D graphics engine is a drawing engine for 2D drawing.

The kernel layer is the layer between hardware and software. The kernel layer contains at least display driver, camera driver, audio driver, and sensor driver.

In the following, the workflow of the software and hardware of the electronic device 100 will be exemplified in conjunction with capturing a photo scene.

When the touch sensor 180K receives a touch operation, the corresponding hardware interrupt is sent to the kernel layer. The kernel layer processes touch operations into original input events (including touch coordinates, time stamps of touch operations, etc.). The original input events are stored in the kernel layer. The application framework layer obtains the original input event from the kernel layer, and identifies the control corresponding to the input event. Taking the touch operation as a touch click operation, and the control corresponding to the click operation is the control of the camera application icon as an example, the camera application calls the interface of the application framework layer to start the camera application, and then starts the camera driver by calling the kernel layer. The camera 193 captures still images or videos.

Referring to FIG. 8, FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary card reader 200 according to an embodiment of the application.

As shown in FIG. 8, the card reader 200 may include: a processor 210, an NFC chip 220, an antenna 230, and a battery 240.

The processor 210 may include one or more processing units. For example, the processor 210 may include a modem processor, a digital signal processor, and a baseband processor. Among them, the different processing units may be independent devices or integrated in one or more processors. The processor 210 can generate operation control signals according to the instruction operation code and the timing signal, and complete the control of fetching and executing instructions.

The processor 210 may include one or more interfaces. The interface may include an inter-integrated circuit (I2C) interface. The I2C interface is a two-way synchronous serial bus, including a serial data line (SDA) and a serial clock line (SCL). The processor 210 may be coupled to the NFC chip 220 through an I2C bus interface to implement data transmission with the NFC chip 220.

The processor 210 is configured to receive the signal transmitted from the NFC chip, analyze the signal, and perform corresponding operations in response to the signal. The processor 210 is also used to generate a signal to be sent, and send the signal to be sent to the NFC chip 210.

The processor 210 may also be provided with a memory for storing instructions and data.

In the embodiment of the present application, the processor 210 is configured to generate a signal to be sent, and send the signal to the NFC chip 220. The NFC chip is used to perform frequency modulation, amplification and other processing on the signal from the processor 210, and then convert the signal into a radio frequency signal through the antenna and radiate it out to generate an electromagnetic field propagating through space. The electromagnetic field is the radio frequency field generated by the card reader. .

The battery 240 is used to provide electrical energy for each module of the electronic device 200. The battery 240 may include, but is not limited to: dry batteries, button batteries, rechargeable batteries, and so on.

It is understandable that the structure illustrated in the embodiment of the present application does not constitute a specific limitation on the electronic device 200. In other embodiments, the electronic device 200 may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or split certain components, or arrange different components. The illustrated components can be implemented by hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.

The embodiment of the present application also provides an NFC chip, the NFC chip is applied to an electronic device, the electronic device stores NFC card information, and the NFC card information is used for the electronic device to simulate an NFC card; the NFC The chip includes: one or more processors and an interface; the interface is used to receive code instructions and transmit the code instructions to the processor, and the processor is used to run the code instructions to make the electronic device execute The NFC-based communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application. Here, the NFC-based communication method executed by the electronic device can refer to the previous related description, which will not be repeated here.

The various embodiments of the present application can be combined arbitrarily to achieve different technical effects.

In the above embodiments, it may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof. When implemented by software, it can be implemented in the form of a computer program product in whole or in part. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on the computer, the processes or functions described in this application are generated in whole or in part. The computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices. The computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from a website, computer, server, or data center. Transmission to another website, computer, server or data center via wired (such as coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line) or wireless (such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.). The computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or a data center integrated with one or more available media. The usable medium may be a magnetic medium (for example, a floppy disk, a hard disk, and a magnetic tape), an optical medium (for example, a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (for example, a solid state disk).

A person of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the process in the above-mentioned embodiment method can be realized. The process can be completed by a computer program instructing relevant hardware. The program can be stored in a computer readable storage medium. , May include the processes of the foregoing method embodiments. The aforementioned storage media include: ROM or random storage RAM, magnetic disks or optical discs and other media that can store program codes.

In short, the above are only examples of the technical solution of the present invention, and are not used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made according to the disclosure of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

A communication method based on NFC, characterized in that the method includes:

The electronic device works in a card emulation mode, the electronic device stores NFC card information, and the NFC card information is used for the electronic device to simulate an NFC card;

The electronic device uses the first radio frequency parameter to execute the NFC communication process between the electronic device and the card reader;

When the execution of the NFC communication process fails, the electronic device uses the second radio frequency parameter to execute the NFC communication process again; the second radio frequency parameter is different from the first radio frequency parameter;

Wherein, the NFC communication process includes: a first radio frequency communication process for the electronic device to detect the radio frequency field provided by the card reader; a second radio frequency communication process for the card reader to select the electronic The device serves as the data transmission object; the third radio frequency communication process is used for the electronic device and the card reader to transmit data, and the data includes the NFC card information;

Wherein, the first radio frequency parameter and the second radio frequency parameter are both used for one or more of the following: during the NFC communication process, the electronic device receives the radio frequency signal sent by the card reader and generates The radio frequency signal sent to the card reader and the radio frequency signal sent.
The method according to claim 1, wherein:

Both the first radio frequency parameter and the second radio frequency parameter include one or more of the following: sensitivity, threshold value, and input voltage of the receiving circuit when the electronic device receives a radio frequency signal; The frame delay time, the modulation mode used in load modulation, the waveform of the carrier, the amplitude of the carrier, and the phase of the carrier, etc.
The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the electronic device determines that the execution of the NFC communication process fails in any of the following situations:

In the time period T1, the number of times that the electronic device detects that the intensity of the radio frequency field is lower than the threshold is greater than the first value, or the time period that the electronic device detects that the intensity of the radio frequency field is lower than the threshold is greater than the second value;

In the time period T2, the electronic device does not receive the card selection response command RATS sent by the card reader;

In the time period T3, the electronic device does not receive the consumption instruction sent by the card reader;

The electronic device receives the negative response instruction NAK sent by the card reader; or,

The electronic device cannot parse the received instruction, or the instruction parsed by the electronic device is abnormal.
The method according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein N sets of radio frequency parameters are stored in the electronic device,

The first radio frequency parameter is: any set of radio frequency parameters among the N sets of radio frequency parameters, or a set of radio frequency parameters with the highest success rate in the NFC communication process.
The method according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein N sets of radio frequency parameters are stored in the electronic device,

The second radio frequency parameter is: any set of radio frequency parameters among the radio frequency parameters other than the first radio frequency parameters in the N sets of radio frequency parameters, or a set of radio frequency parameters with the highest success rate in the NFC communication process.
The method according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein the method further comprises:

In the case that the electronic device successfully executes the NFC communication process using the second radio frequency parameter, the second radio frequency parameter and the card reader identification are stored in association; the second radio frequency parameter is used for the The electronic device executes the NFC communication process with the card reader next time.
The method according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein the method further comprises:

When the electronic device uses the second radio frequency parameter to successfully perform the NFC communication process, the second radio frequency parameter is associated and stored with the card type currently simulated by the electronic device; the second radio frequency parameter is used for When the electronic device simulates the card of the type next time, it executes the NFC communication process with the card reader.
The method according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein the method further comprises:

In the case that the electronic device successfully executes the NFC communication process using the second radio frequency parameter, the second radio frequency parameter and the current location of the electronic device are stored in association; the second radio frequency parameter is used for The next time the electronic device is at the location, it executes an NFC communication process with the card reader.
The method according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein:

In the case that the electronic device uses the second radio frequency parameter to successfully perform the NFC communication process, the electronic device sends first information to the cloud server, and the first information is used to instruct the electronic device to use the The second radio frequency parameter successfully executes the NFC communication process, so that the cloud server counts the communication success rate corresponding to the second radio frequency parameter.
The method according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein the electronic device uses the first radio frequency parameter to execute the NFC communication process between the electronic device and the card reader, which specifically includes:

The electronic device periodically uses the first radio frequency parameter to execute the NFC communication process between the electronic device and the card reader;

or,

In response to the received user operation, the electronic device uses the first radio frequency parameter to execute the NFC communication process between the electronic device and the card reader.
An electronic device, characterized by comprising: one or more processors, memories, NFC chips, and a security unit SE;

The security unit stores NFC card information, the NFC card information is used for the electronic device to simulate an NFC card; the memory is coupled with the one or more processors, and the memory is used for storing computer program codes, The computer program code includes computer instructions, and the one or more processors invoke the computer instructions to cause the electronic device to execute:

Work in card simulation mode;

Executing the NFC communication process between the electronic device and the card reader through the NFC chip using the first radio frequency parameter;

When the execution of the NFC communication process fails, the NFC chip uses the second radio frequency parameter to execute the NFC communication process again; the second radio frequency parameter is different from the first radio frequency parameter;

Wherein, the NFC communication process includes: a first radio frequency communication process for the electronic device to detect the radio frequency field provided by the card reader; a second radio frequency communication process for the card reader to select the electronic The device serves as the data transmission object; the third radio frequency communication process is used for the electronic device and the card reader to transmit data, and the data includes the NFC card information;

Wherein, the first radio frequency parameter and the second radio frequency parameter are both used for one or more of the following: during the NFC communication process, the electronic device receives the radio frequency signal sent by the card reader and generates The radio frequency signal sent to the card reader and the radio frequency signal sent.
The electronic device according to claim 11, wherein:

Both the first radio frequency parameter and the second radio frequency parameter include one or more of the following: sensitivity, threshold value, and input voltage of the receiving circuit when the electronic device receives a radio frequency signal; The frame delay time, the modulation mode used in load modulation, the waveform of the carrier, the amplitude of the carrier, and the phase of the carrier, etc.
The electronic device according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to invoke the computer instruction to cause the electronic device to execute:

In any of the following cases, it is determined that the NFC communication process fails to execute:

In the time period T1, the number of times that the electronic device detects that the intensity of the radio frequency field is lower than the threshold is greater than the first value, or the time period that the electronic device detects that the intensity of the radio frequency field is lower than the threshold is greater than the second value;

In the time period T2, the electronic device does not receive the card selection response command RATS sent by the card reader;

In the time period T3, the electronic device does not receive the consumption instruction sent by the card reader;

The electronic device receives the negative response instruction NAK sent by the card reader; or,

The electronic device cannot parse the received instruction, or the instruction parsed by the electronic device is abnormal.
An NFC chip, the NFC chip is applied to an electronic device, the electronic device stores NFC card information, and the NFC card information is used for the electronic device to simulate an NFC card; the NFC chip includes: one or more Processor, interface;

The interface is configured to receive code instructions and transmit the code instructions to the processor, and the processor is configured to run the code instructions to cause the electronic device to execute:

Work in card simulation mode;

Executing the NFC communication process between the electronic device and the card reader by using the first radio frequency parameter through the NFC chip;

When the execution of the NFC communication process fails, the NFC chip uses the second radio frequency parameter to execute the NFC communication process again; the second radio frequency parameter is different from the first radio frequency parameter;

Wherein, the NFC communication process includes: a first radio frequency communication process for the electronic device to detect the radio frequency field provided by the card reader; a second radio frequency communication process for the card reader to select the electronic The device serves as the data transmission object; the third radio frequency communication process is used for the electronic device and the card reader to transmit data, and the data includes the NFC card information;

Wherein, the first radio frequency parameter and the second radio frequency parameter are both used for one or more of the following: during the NFC communication process, the electronic device receives the radio frequency signal sent by the card reader and generates The radio frequency signal sent to the card reader and the radio frequency signal sent.
The chip of claim 14, wherein:

Both the first radio frequency parameter and the second radio frequency parameter include one or more of the following: sensitivity, threshold value, and input voltage of the receiving circuit when the electronic device receives a radio frequency signal; Frame delay time, modulation mode used in load modulation, carrier waveform, carrier amplitude and carrier phase, etc.
The chip according to claim 14 or 15, wherein the processor is further configured to run the code instructions to make the electronic device execute:

In any of the following cases, it is determined that the NFC communication process fails to execute:

In the time period T1, the number of times that the electronic device detects that the intensity of the radio frequency field is lower than the threshold is greater than the first value, or the time period that the electronic device detects that the intensity of the radio frequency field is lower than the threshold is greater than the second value;

In the time period T2, the electronic device does not receive the card selection response command RATS sent by the card reader;

In the time period T3, the electronic device does not receive the consumption instruction sent by the card reader;

The electronic device receives a negative response instruction NAK sent by the card reader; or,

The electronic device cannot parse the received instruction, or the instruction parsed by the electronic device is abnormal.
A computer program product containing instructions, characterized in that, when the computer program product runs on an electronic device, the electronic device is caused to execute the method according to any one of claims 1-10.
A computer-readable storage medium, comprising instructions, characterized in that when the instructions run on an electronic device, the electronic device is caused to execute the method according to any one of claims 1-10.