WO2021022467A1 - 图像编码方法、装置以及电子设备 - Google Patents

图像编码方法、装置以及电子设备 Download PDF

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WO2021022467A1
WO2021022467A1 PCT/CN2019/099359 CN2019099359W WO2021022467A1 WO 2021022467 A1 WO2021022467 A1 WO 2021022467A1 CN 2019099359 W CN2019099359 W CN 2019099359W WO 2021022467 A1 WO2021022467 A1 WO 2021022467A1
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reference pixel
filtered
filter
pixels
processing block
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French (fr)
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蔡文婷
朱建清
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Fujitsu Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/117—Filters, e.g. for pre-processing or post-processing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/169—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/17—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object
    • H04N19/176—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object the region being a block, e.g. a macroblock
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/50—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding
    • H04N19/593—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding involving spatial prediction techniques

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the application relate to the field of image processing.
  • Prediction Coding is one of the core technologies of video coding. It refers to the use of one or several sample values that have been coded, according to a certain model or method, to predict the current sample value, and to predict the true value and predicted value of the sample The difference between is encoded.
  • the video encoder transforms, quantizes, and entropy encodes the predicted residuals instead of the original pixel values, thereby greatly improving the coding efficiency.
  • common prediction modes include intra prediction mode and inter prediction mode.
  • inter prediction mode of HEVC reference pixels used for intra prediction can be conditionally filtered by a smoothing filter for better utilization The correlation between adjacent pixels improves the prediction accuracy.
  • prediction modes can be divided into planar mode, direct current (DC) mode and 33 angle prediction modes.
  • angular prediction mode all pixels in the current processing block are mapped to the left or upper reference pixels according to the specified prediction direction. After the pixels in the current processing block are mapped to the reference pixels, the two nearest reference pixels are used Pixels generate predicted pixels through linear interpolation.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prediction mode. As shown in Fig. 1, a prediction direction angle smaller than 45° or larger than -135° can be called a wide angle mode.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the wide-angle mode reference pixels, as shown in Figure 2, the vertical Adjacent prediction pixels A and B use non-adjacent reference pixels C and D respectively for prediction, which may cause discontinuity in the prediction results.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide an image encoding method, device, and electronic equipment, which can solve the problem of discontinuous prediction and make the prediction result smoother.
  • an image encoding device which includes:
  • a determining unit configured to determine a reference pixel set of a current processing block of the image division, where the reference pixel set is used for intra prediction of the current processing block;
  • a filtering unit which is used to sequentially filter each reference pixel in the reference pixel set; wherein, a reference pixel filtered in the reference pixel set is used as a reference to be filtered for the next position adjacent to it The input of the filter for filtering the pixels;
  • a prediction unit which is used to calculate the prediction block of the current processing block according to the filtered reference pixel set
  • the coding unit is used for coding according to the prediction block and the current processing block.
  • an image encoding method including:
  • an electronic device which includes the image encoding device described in the foregoing aspect.
  • the beneficial effect of the embodiments of the present application is that a filtered reference pixel is used as the input of the filter for filtering the reference pixel to be filtered in the next position adjacent to it, thereby solving the problem of discontinuous prediction.
  • the problem makes the prediction result smoother.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the prediction mode
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of reference pixels in a wide-angle prediction mode
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an image encoding device in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a reference pixel set in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of parallel processing in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an image coding method in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the terms “first”, “second”, etc. are used to distinguish different elements from the terms, but they do not indicate the spatial arrangement or temporal order of these elements. These elements should not be used by these terms. Limited.
  • the term “and/or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed terms.
  • the terms “comprising”, “including”, “having” and the like refer to the existence of the stated features, elements, elements or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, elements or components.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an image coding device according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 3, the device 300 includes:
  • the determining unit 301 determines a reference pixel set of the current processing block of the image division, and the reference pixel set is used for intra prediction of the current processing block;
  • the filtering unit 302 which filters each reference pixel in the reference pixel set in turn; wherein, a reference pixel filtered in the reference pixel set is used as a reference pixel to be filtered at the next position adjacent to it.
  • a prediction unit 303 which calculates the prediction block of the current processing block according to the filtered reference pixel set
  • the encoding unit 304 performs encoding according to the prediction block and the current processing block.
  • a filtered reference pixel is used as the input of the filter for filtering the reference pixel to be filtered at the next position adjacent to it, thereby solving the problem of discontinuity in prediction, so that The forecast results are smoother.
  • the image may be a frame of image in the input video stream, and each frame of image may be split into at least one processing block in advance.
  • the image encoding device uses one processing block as a unit to split the image into Each processing block for processing.
  • the frame image can be composed of multiple coding tree units, and each coding tree unit can be split into coding units (CU) according to a quadtree or other structure, and the prediction unit (PU) or transformation unit (TU) can be further divided from the CU.
  • the processing block may be a prediction unit (PU), a transformation unit (TU) or a coding unit (CU).
  • the embodiment of this application is not limited to this, for example, the “block” mentioned in the embodiment of this application It can be a PU, a TU, or a CU, and the size of the block can be determined as required. For details, refer to the prior art.
  • the intra-frame prediction means predicting the current processing block of the current frame image (the processing block currently being encoded) according to the determined reference pixel set, thereby generating a prediction block, and encoding the difference between the prediction block and the current processing block , Get the coding result, the following detailed description.
  • the determining unit 301 determines the reference pixel set of the current processing block of the image division, wherein, if a neighboring block in the same frame as the current processing block has been coded, the neighboring block can be used for the current processing block.
  • Make predictions Generally, the processing block of a frame of image can be coded from left to right, from top to bottom, or in zigzag scanning order. Therefore, the current processing block can be predicted by one or more reference samples, which can be located in For any adjacent blocks above or to the left of the current processing block, the pixels constituting these reference samples are the reference pixel set, where the direction of intra prediction (that is, the direction from the encoded block to the current processing block) determines The mode of intra prediction.
  • the intra prediction mode can be divided into planar mode, direct current (DC) mode and angular prediction mode.
  • the angular prediction mode includes the existing 33 angular prediction modes and the aforementioned wide-angle prediction mode.
  • the embodiment of the application takes the wide-angle prediction mode as an example for description, but it should be noted that the embodiment of the application does not limit the type of the intra prediction mode, and other types of prediction modes are also applicable to this application. Examples.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the reference pixel set.
  • the reference pixel set can be divided into 5 parts according to the area, the lower left, the left, the upper left, the upper and the upper right, a total of 4* N+1 points.
  • the nearest neighbor pixel can be used for filling.
  • the lower left reference pixel does not exist, all reference pixels in the lower left area can be filled with the bottom pixel of the left area
  • the reference pixel in the upper right area does not exist, you can use the rightmost pixel in the upper area to fill in. It should be noted that if all reference pixels are unavailable, the reference pixels are filled with fixed values.
  • the method for determining the reference pixel set can refer to the prior art.
  • the number of pixels in the reference pixel set is related to the size of the processing block. I won't repeat them here.
  • the filtering unit 302 filters each reference pixel in the reference pixel set in sequence; wherein, a reference pixel after filtering the reference pixel set is used as a pending reference pixel for the next position adjacent to it.
  • the filtered reference pixel is the input of the filtered filter.
  • the filter is used to filter the unfiltered reference pixel p[1][-1] at the next adjacent position.
  • the filter uses the filter to adjacent
  • the filter uses the filtered reference pixel p[1][-1] as the input of the filter, and so on, until all The reference pixel is filtered.
  • the filter is a 3-tap filter
  • the input of the filter further includes: an unfiltered reference pixel at a subsequent position adjacent to the reference pixel to be filtered, and The reference pixel to be filtered.
  • the number of taps is 3 as an example for illustration above, but the embodiment of this application does not take this as a limitation, the number of taps can also be set For other values, for example, it is set to 2, and no examples are given here.
  • the filter can be expressed as follows:
  • p represents the unfiltered reference pixel
  • p' represents the filtered reference pixel
  • the tap coefficients a 1 , a 2 , and a 3 of the filter can be determined according to needs, for example, set to 1 , 2 , 1 , and no examples are given here.
  • the number of filter taps may be set to be the same.
  • the filtering unit 302 filters the first reference pixel in the reference pixel set, for example, p[-1][-1]
  • the input of the filter is: the unfiltered first reference pixel p[ -1][-1], two unfiltered reference pixels that are adjacent to the first reference pixel before and after.
  • the adjacent previous position reference pixel of the first reference pixel does not exist, the previous position reference pixel is replaced with a predetermined reference pixel.
  • the device may further include:
  • a dividing unit (optional, not shown), which divides the reference pixel set into a predetermined number of reference pixel subsets
  • the filtering unit 302 filters each reference pixel in the predetermined number of reference pixel subsets in parallel in the same order.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of processing each reference pixel in the reference pixel subset in parallel.
  • the dividing unit divides the 32 unfiltered reference pixels into 4 groups of reference pixel subsets Group 1, Group 2. Group 3, Group 4, each group includes 8 reference pixels.
  • the filtering unit 302 uses, for example, a 3-tap filter to filter each reference pixel in the 4 sets of reference pixel subsets in the same order in parallel; for example, the first reference in the 4 sets of reference pixel subsets is simultaneously filtered Pixels are filtered, and then the second reference pixel in the 4 sets of reference pixel subsets are filtered at the same time, and so on, until all reference pixels are filtered.
  • a reference pixel after filtering in the reference pixel subset is used as the reference pixel to be filtered in the next position adjacent to it.
  • the input of the filter is used as the reference pixel to be filtered.
  • the filter is a 3-tap filter
  • the filtering unit 302 filters the first reference pixel in the reference pixel subset (for example, the reference pixel subset Group 2, 3, 4)
  • the filter The input sequence of is: the first unfiltered reference pixel, the two unfiltered reference pixels adjacent to the first reference pixel (including: the second unfiltered reference pixel subset) Reference pixels), the last reference pixel in the subset of reference pixels adjacent to the previous position that is not filtered;
  • the adjacent previous position reference pixel of the first reference pixel does not exist (for example, the first reference pixel subset Group 1)
  • the sequence is: the first reference pixel that is not filtered, the second reference pixel that is not filtered of the reference pixel subset, and the predetermined reference pixel.
  • the prediction unit 303 calculates the prediction block of the current processing block according to the filtered reference pixel set; for different intra prediction modes, different methods are used to generate the prediction block.
  • different methods are used to generate the prediction block.
  • the encoding unit 304 performs encoding according to the prediction block and the current processing block, specifically, subtracting the prediction block and the current processing block to generate a residual block; encoding;
  • the unit 304 also performs change processing on the prediction residual to obtain transform coefficients, for example, using discrete sine transform or discrete cosine transform to transform the prediction residual. For details, please refer to the prior art, which will not be repeated here;
  • the encoding unit 304 may also quantize the transformed prediction residuals (ie, transform coefficients), and the encoding unit 304 may perform entropy encoding (for example, context adaptive binary arithmetic coding CABAC) on the quantization result, and output a bit stream.
  • entropy encoding for example, context adaptive binary arithmetic coding CABAC
  • a filtered reference pixel is used as the input of the filter for filtering the reference pixel to be filtered at the next position adjacent to it, thereby solving the problem of discontinuity in prediction, so that The forecast results are smoother.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the image coding method of the embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 6, the method includes:
  • Operation 601 Determine a reference pixel set of the current processing block of the image division, where the reference pixel set is used for intra prediction of the current processing block;
  • each reference pixel in the reference pixel set is filtered in turn; wherein, a reference pixel filtered in the reference pixel set is used as a filter for filtering a reference pixel to be filtered at a next position adjacent to it.
  • the input of the device
  • Operation 603 Calculate the prediction block of the current processing block according to the filtered reference pixel set
  • encoding is performed according to the prediction block and the current processing block.
  • the filter may be a 3-tap filter, and the input of the filter further includes: an unfiltered reference pixel at the next position adjacent to the reference pixel to be filtered, and the For the reference pixel to be filtered, please refer to Embodiment 1 for details.
  • the input of the filter is: unfiltered
  • the first reference pixel p[-1][-1] is the two unfiltered reference pixels that are adjacent to the first reference pixel before and after.
  • the adjacent previous position reference pixel of the first reference pixel does not exist, the previous position reference pixel is replaced with a predetermined reference pixel.
  • the method may further include the following operations: (optional, not shown)
  • each reference pixel in the predetermined number of reference pixel subsets is sequentially filtered in the same order in parallel.
  • a reference pixel after filtering in the reference pixel subset is used as the reference pixel to be filtered in the next position adjacent to it.
  • the input of the filter when filtering the first reference pixel in the reference pixel subset, the input of the filter is: the unfiltered first reference pixel, which is adjacent to the first reference pixel
  • Two unfiltered reference pixels including: the unfiltered second reference pixel of the reference pixel subset
  • the input of the filter is: the first unfiltered
  • the reference pixel is the second unfiltered reference pixel of the reference pixel subset, and the predetermined reference pixel.
  • Figure 6 above only schematically illustrates the embodiments of the present application, but the present application is not limited thereto.
  • the order of execution among various operations can be appropriately adjusted, and some other operations can be added or some operations can be reduced.
  • Those skilled in the art can make appropriate modifications based on the above content, and are not limited to the description of FIG. 6 above.
  • a filtered reference pixel is used as the input of the filter for filtering the reference pixel to be filtered at the next position adjacent to it, thereby solving the problem of discontinuity in prediction, so that The forecast results are smoother.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides an electronic device that performs image processing or video processing, and includes the image encoding device in Embodiment 1, the content of which is incorporated herein and will not be repeated here.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the electronic device 700 may include: a processor 701 and a memory 702; the memory 702 is coupled to the processor 701.
  • the memory 702 can store various data; in addition, it also stores an information processing program 703, which is executed under the control of the processor 701.
  • the electronic device 700 may be used as an encoder, and the function of the image encoding apparatus 300 may be integrated into the processor 701.
  • the processor 701 may be configured to implement the image encoding method described in Embodiment 2.
  • the processor 701 may be configured to perform the following control: determine the reference pixel set of the current processing block of the image division, the reference pixel set used for intra prediction of the current processing block; each reference pixel in the reference pixel set Filtering is performed in sequence; wherein, a reference pixel after filtering in the reference pixel set is used as the input of the filter for filtering the reference pixel to be filtered in the next position adjacent to it; calculated according to the filtered reference pixel set The prediction block of the current processing block; encoding is performed according to the prediction block and the current processing block.
  • the processor 701 may be further configured to perform the following control: divide the reference pixel set into a predetermined number of reference pixel subsets, and in parallel, each reference pixel in the predetermined number of reference pixel subsets is in accordance with the same Filtering is performed in sequence.
  • the input of the filter can refer to Embodiment 1, which will not be repeated here.
  • the electronic device 700 may further include: an input/output (I/O) device 704 and a display 705, etc.; wherein the functions of the above-mentioned components are similar to those of the prior art, and will not be repeated here. It should be noted that the electronic device 700 does not necessarily include all the components shown in FIG. 7; in addition, the electronic device 700 may also include components not shown in FIG. 7, and related technologies can be referred to.
  • I/O input/output
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable program, wherein when the program is executed in an image encoding device or electronic device, the program causes the image encoding device or electronic device to execute the image encoding method as described in Embodiment 2. .
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a storage medium storing a computer-readable program, where the computer-readable program enables an image encoding apparatus or electronic device to execute the image encoding method described in Embodiment 2.
  • the above devices and methods of this application can be implemented by hardware, or by hardware combined with software.
  • This application relates to such a computer-readable program, when the program is executed by a logic component, the logic component can realize the above-mentioned device or constituent component, or the logic component can realize the above-mentioned various methods Or steps.
  • This application also relates to storage media for storing the above programs, such as hard disks, magnetic disks, optical disks, DVDs, flash memory, etc.
  • the method/device described in conjunction with the embodiments of the present application may be directly embodied as hardware, a software module executed by a processor, or a combination of the two.
  • one or more of the functional block diagrams shown in the figure and/or one or more combinations of the functional block diagrams may correspond to each software module of the computer program flow or each hardware module.
  • These software modules can respectively correspond to the steps shown in the figure.
  • These hardware modules can be implemented by curing these software modules by using a field programmable gate array (FPGA), for example.
  • FPGA field programmable gate array
  • the software module can be located in RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, hard disk, removable disk, CD-ROM or any other form of storage medium known in the art.
  • a storage medium may be coupled to the processor, so that the processor can read information from the storage medium and write information to the storage medium; or the storage medium may be a component of the processor.
  • the processor and the storage medium may be located in the ASIC.
  • the software module can be stored in the memory of the mobile terminal, or can be stored in a memory card that can be inserted into the mobile terminal.
  • the software module can be stored in the MEGA-SIM card or a large-capacity flash memory device.
  • One or more of the functional blocks described in the drawings and/or one or more combinations of the functional blocks can be implemented as general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs) for performing the functions described in this application. ), Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic device, discrete hardware component or any appropriate combination thereof.
  • DSPs digital signal processors
  • ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit
  • FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
  • One or more of the functional blocks described in the drawings and/or one or more combinations of the functional blocks can also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, for example, a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, or multiple micro-processing Processor, one or more microprocessors in communication with the DSP, or any other such configuration.

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Abstract

一种图像编码方法、装置以及电子设备。该图像编码方法包括：确定图像划分的当前处理块的参考像素集，该参考像素集用于该当前处理块的帧内预测；对该参考像素集中的各个参考像素依次进行滤波；其中，将该参考像素集中滤波后的一个参考像素作为用于对与其相邻的后一个位置的待滤波的参考像素进行滤波的滤波器的输入；根据滤波后的参考像素集计算当前处理块的预测块；根据该预测块和该当前处理块进行编码。

Description

图像编码方法、装置以及电子设备 技术领域
本申请实施例涉及图像处理领域。
背景技术
国际电信联盟(ITU)已于2013年1月批准了新一代视频编码标准(High Efficiency Video Coding，HEVC)，标准旨在提供高质量流视频，并支持带宽低的网络。预测编码(Prediction Coding)是视频编码的核心技术之一，指利用已编码的一个或几个样本值，根据某种模型或方法，对当前的样本值进行预测，并对样本真实值和预测值之间的差值进行编码。视频编码器对预测后的残差而不是原始像素值进行变换、量化、熵编码，由此大幅度提高编码效率。
目前，常见的预测模式包括帧内预测模式和帧间预测模式，在HEVC的帧间预测模式中，用于帧内预测的参考像素可以由平滑滤波器有条件地进行滤波，以便更好地利用临近像素之间的相关性，提高预测精度。
在HEVC中，预测模式可以分为平面(planar)模式，直流(DC)模式以及33种角度预测模式。在角度预测模式中，当前处理块内的所有像素根据指定的预测方向被映射到左侧或者上侧参考像素，在当前处理块内的像素被映射到参考像素之后，用最邻近的两个参考像素通过线性插值来生成预测像素。
应该注意，上面对技术背景的介绍只是为了方便对本申请的技术方案进行清楚、完整的说明，并方便本领域技术人员的理解而阐述的。不能仅仅因为这些方案在本申请的背景技术部分进行了阐述而认为上述技术方案为本领域技术人员所公知。
申请内容
在最新的视频编码标准草案VVC(versatile video coding)中，采用了更多的角度模式，例如，宽角度模式。图1是预测模式示意图，如图1所示，预测方向角度小于45°或者大于-135°可以称为宽角度模式。
发明人发现，在使用宽角度模式时，两个垂直相邻的预测像素可以使用两个非相邻的参考像素进行预测；图2是该宽角度模式参考像素示意图，如图2所示，垂直相 邻的预测像素A和B分别使用不相邻的参考像素C和D进行预测，由此会导致预测结果的不连续性。
针对上述问题，本申请实施例提供一种图像编码方法、装置以及电子设备，能够解决预测不连续的问题，使得预测结果更加平滑。
根据本申请实施例的一个方面，提供一种图像编码装置，该装置包括：
确定单元，其用于确定图像划分的当前处理块的参考像素集，所述参考像素集用于所述当前处理块的帧内预测；
滤波单元，其用于对所述参考像素集中的各个参考像素依次进行滤波；其中，将所述参考像素集中滤波后的一个参考像素作为用于对与其相邻的后一个位置的待滤波的参考像素进行滤波的滤波器的输入；
预测单元，其用于根据滤波后的参考像素集计算当前处理块的预测块；
编码单元，其用于根据所述预测块和所述当前处理块进行编码。
根据本申请实施例的另一个方面，提供一种图像编码方法，该方法包括：
确定图像划分的当前处理块的参考像素集，所述参考像素集用于所述当前处理块的帧内预测；
对所述参考像素集中的各个参考像素依次进行滤波；其中，将所述参考像素集中滤波后的一个参考像素作为用于对与其相邻的后一个位置的待滤波的参考像素进行滤波的滤波器的输入；
根据滤波后的参考像素集计算当前处理块的预测块；
根据所述预测块和所述当前处理块进行编码。
根据本申请实施例的另一个方面，提供一种电子设备，其包括前述一方面所述的图像编码装置。
本申请实施例的有益效果在于：使用滤波后的一个参考像素作为用于对与其相邻的后一个位置的待滤波的参考像素进行滤波的滤波器的输入，由此，能够解决预测不连续的问题，使得预测结果更加平滑。
参照后文的说明和附图，详细公开了本申请的特定实施方式，指明了本申请的原理可以被采用的方式。应该理解，本申请的实施方式在范围上并不因而受到限制。在所附权利要求的条款的范围内，本申请的实施方式包括许多改变、修改和等同。
针对一种实施方式描述和/或示出的特征可以以相同或类似的方式在一个或更多 个其它实施方式中使用，与其它实施方式中的特征相组合，或替代其它实施方式中的特征。
应该强调，术语“包括/包含”在本文使用时指特征、整件、步骤或组件的存在，但并不排除一个或更多个其它特征、整件、步骤或组件的存在或附加。
附图说明
在本申请实施例的一个附图或一种实施方式中描述的元素和特征可以与一个或更多个其它附图或实施方式中示出的元素和特征相结合。此外，在附图中，类似的标号表示几个附图中对应的部件，并可用于指示多于一种实施方式中使用的对应部件。
所包括的附图用来提供对本申请实施例的进一步的理解，其构成了说明书的一部分，用于例示本申请的实施方式，并与文字描述一起来阐释本申请的原理。显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。在附图中：
图1是预测模式示意图；
图2是宽角度预测模式参考像素示意图；
图3是本申请实施例中图像编码装置构成示意图；
图4是本申请实施例中参考像素集示意图；
图5是本申请实施例中并行处理示意图；
图6是本申请实施例中图像编码方法示意图；
图7是本申请实施例的电子设备的示意图。
具体实施方式
参照附图，通过下面的说明书，本申请的前述以及其它特征将变得明显。在说明书和附图中，具体公开了本申请的特定实施方式，其表明了其中可以采用本申请的原则的部分实施方式，应了解的是，本申请不限于所描述的实施方式，相反，本申请包括落入所附权利要求的范围内的全部修改、变型以及等同物。下面结合附图对本申请的各种实施方式进行说明。这些实施方式只是示例性的，不是对本申请的限制。
在本申请实施例中，术语“第一”、“第二”等用于对不同元素从称谓上进行区分，但并不表示这些元素的空间排列或时间顺序等，这些元素不应被这些术语所限制。 术语“和/或”包括相关联列出的术语的一种或多个中的任何一个和所有组合。术语“包含”、“包括”、“具有”等是指所陈述的特征、元素、元件或组件的存在，但并不排除存在或添加一个或多个其他特征、元素、元件或组件。
在本申请实施例中，单数形式“一”、“该”等包括复数形式，应广义地理解为“一种”或“一类”而并不是限定为“一个”的含义；此外术语“所述”应理解为既包括单数形式也包括复数形式，除非上下文另外明确指出。此外术语“根据”应理解为“至少部分根据……”，术语“基于”应理解为“至少部分基于……”，除非上下文另外明确指出。
第一方面的实施例
本申请实施例提供一种图像编码装置。图3是本申请实施例的图像编码装置的示意图。如图3所示，该装置300包括：
确定单元301，其确定图像划分的当前处理块的参考像素集，该参考像素集用于该当前处理块的帧内预测；
滤波单元302，其对该参考像素集中的各个参考像素依次进行滤波；其中，将该参考像素集中滤波后的一个参考像素作为用于对与其相邻的后一个位置的待滤波的参考像素进行滤波的滤波器的输入；
预测单元303，其根据滤波后的参考像素集计算当前处理块的预测块；
编码单元304，其根据该预测块和该当前处理块进行编码。
通过本申请实施例，使用滤波后的一个参考像素作为用于对与其相邻的后一个位置的待滤波的参考像素进行滤波的滤波器的输入，由此，能够解决预测不连续的问题，使得预测结果更加平滑。
在本申请实施例中，该图像可以是输入视频流中的一帧图像，可以预先将每帧图像分裂成至少一个处理块，该图像编码装置以一个处理块为单位，依次对该图像分裂成的各个处理块进行处理。
其中，帧图像可以由多个编码树单元组成，每个编码树单元可以按四叉树或其他结构分裂成编码单元(CU)，可以进一步从CU分割得到预测单元(PU)或变换单元(TU)，作为该处理块可以是预测单元(PU)，变换单元(TU)或编码单元(CU)，本申请实施例并不以此作为限制，例如，本申请实施例中提到的“块”可以是PU或 TU或CU，该块的尺寸可以根据需要确定，具体可以参考现有技术。
在本申请实施例中，该帧内预测表示根据确定的参考像素集预测当前帧图像的当前处理块(当前正在编码的处理块)，从而产生预测块，编码该预测块和当前处理块的差异，得到编码结果，以下详细说明。
在本申请实施例中，确定单元301确定图像划分的当前处理块的参考像素集，其中，如果与当前处理块处于同一帧的相邻块已经编码，可以使用该相邻块对该当前处理块进行预测。通常，一帧图像的处理块可以按照从左向右、从上向下或者按照Z字型扫描顺序进行编码，因此，当前处理块可以通过一个或多个参考样本进行预测，这些参考样本可以位于当前处理块的上方或左侧的任何相邻的块，构成这些参考样本的像素即为该参考像素集，其中，帧内预测的方向(即从已编码的块到当前处理块的方向)决定了帧内预测的模式。
在本申请实施例中，帧内预测模式可以分为平面(planar)模式，直流(DC)模式以及角度预测模式，该角度预测模式包括现有的33种角度预测模式以及前述的宽角度预测模式，为了方便，本申请实施例以宽角度预测模式为例进行说明，但需要说明的是，本申请实施例并不对该帧内预测模式的类型进行限定，其他类型的预测模式同样适用于本申请实施例。
图4是该参考像素集示意图，如图4所示，针对当前处理块大小为N*N，其参考像素集按区域可分成5部分，左下、左侧、左上、上方和右上，一共4*N+1个点。若当前处理块的相邻参考像素不存在或不可用时，可以使用最邻近的像素进行填补，例如左下的参考像素不存在，则左下区域的所有参考像素可使用左侧区域最下方的像素进行填补，若右上区域的参考像素不存在，则可以使用上方区域最右侧的像素进行填补等。需要说明的是，若所有参考像素都不可用，则参考像素都用固定值填补，该参考像素集确定的方式可以参考现有技术，该参考像素集中像素的数量与该处理块的大小有关，此处不再赘述。
在本申请实施例中，滤波单元302对该参考像素集中的各个参考像素，依次进行滤波；其中，将该参考像素集中滤波后的一个参考像素作为用于对与其相邻的后一个位置的待滤波的参考像素进行滤波的滤波器的输入。
如图4所示，在对参考像素p[0][-1]进行滤波后，在使用滤波器对其相邻的后一个位置的未滤波的参考像素p[1][-1]进行滤波时，使用滤波后的参考像素p[0][-1]作为 该滤波器的输入，同样的，在对参考像素p[1][-1]进行滤波后，在使用滤波器对其相邻的后一个位置的未滤波的参考像素p[2][-1]进行滤波时，使用滤波后的参考像素p[1][-1]作为该滤波器的输入，以此类推，直至对所有参考像素完成滤波。
在一个实施例或多个实施例中，该滤波器是3抽头滤波器，该滤波器的输入还包括：与该待滤波的参考像素相邻的后一个位置的未被滤波的参考像素，以及该待滤波的参考像素。
例如，如图4所示，在对参考像素p[1][-1]进行滤波时，滤波器的输入为滤波后的参考像素p[0][-1]，待滤波的参考像素p[1][-1]，以及未滤波的参考像素p[2][-1]，以上以抽头数量为3示例说明，但本申请实施例并不以此作为限制，该抽头数量还可以设定为其他值，例如设定为2，此处不再一一举例。
例如，该滤波器可以使用如下方式表示：
p’[0][-1]＝(a 1×p[1][-1]+a 2×p[0][-1]+a 3×p’[-1][-1]+m)>>n
p’[1][-1]＝(a 1×p[2][-1]+a 2×p[1][-1]+a 3×p’[0][-1]+m)>>n
.......
p’[x][-1]＝(a 1×p[x+1][-1]+a 2×p[x][-1]+a 3×p’[x-1][-1]+m)>>n
其中p表示未滤波的参考像素，p’表示已滤波的参考像素，
Figure PCTCN2019099359-appb-000001
该滤波器的抽头系数a 1，a 2，a 3可以根据需要确定，例如设定为1,2,1，此处不再一一举例。
在一个实施例或多个实施例中，针对不同类型的帧内预测模式，滤波器抽头数量可以设定为相同。在滤波单元302对该参考像素集中的第一个参考像素，例如对p[-1][-1]进行滤波时，该滤波器的输入是：未被滤波的该第一个参考像素p[-1][-1]，与该第一个参考像素前后相邻的未被滤波的两个参考像素。在该第一个参考像素的相邻的前一个位置参考像素不存在时，使用预定的参考像素替换该前一个位置参考像素。
在本申请实施例中，为了增加滤波处理的速度，可选的，该装置还可以包括：
划分单元(可选，未图示)，其将该参考像素集划分成预定数量个参考像素子集，
并且，滤波单元302并行的对该预定数量个参考像素子集中的各个参考像素按照相同的顺序依次进行滤波。
图5是该并行对参考像素子集中的各个参考像素进行处理的示意图，如图5所示，划分单元将该32个未滤波的参考像素划分为4组参考像素子集Group 1，Group 2，Group 3，Group 4，每组包括8个参考像素。滤波单元302使用，例如3抽头滤波器3-tap filter，并行地对4组参考像素子集中的各个参考像素按照相同的顺序依次进行滤波；例如，同时对4组参考像素子集中第一个参考像素进行滤波，接下来，再同时对4组参考像素子集中第二个参考像素进行滤波，依次类推，直至对所有的参考像素完成滤波。
在本申请实施例中，在对每组参考像素子集进行滤波时，将该参考像素子集中滤波后的一个参考像素作为用于对与其相邻的后一个位置的待滤波的参考像素进行滤波的滤波器的输入。
例如，在该滤波器为3抽头滤波器时，在滤波单元302对该参考像素子集(例如参考像素子集Group 2,3,4)中的第一个参考像素进行滤波时，该滤波器的输入依次是：未被滤波的该第一个参考像素，与该第一个参考像素前后相邻的未被滤波的两个参考像素(包括：该参考像素子集的未被滤波的第二个参考像素)，前一个位置相邻的参考像素子集中未被滤波的最后一个参考像素；
在该第一个参考像素的相邻的前一个位置参考像素不存在时(例如第一个参考像素子集Group 1)，使用预定的参考像素替换该前一个位置参考像素，该滤波器的输入依次是：未被滤波的该第一个参考像素，该参考像素子集的未被滤波的第二个参考像素，预定的参考像素。
以上各个实施例仅对本发明实施例进行了示例性说明，但本发明不限于此，还可以在以上各个实施例的基础上进行适当的变型。例如，可以单独使用上述各个实施例，也可以将以上各个实施例中的一种或多种结合起来。
在本申请实施例中，预测单元303根据滤波后的参考像素集计算当前处理块的预测块；针对不同的帧内预测模式，使用不同的方式生成预测块，具体可以参考现有技术，例如针对角度预测模式，当前处理块内的所有像素根据指定的预测方向被映射到左侧或者上侧参考像素，在当前处理块内的像素被映射到参考像素之后，用最邻近的两个参考像素通过线性插值来生成预测块。
在本申请实施例中，在生成该预测块后，编码单元304根据该预测块和该当前处理块进行编码，具体的，将该预测块和当前处理块进行减法处理，生成残差块；编码 单元304还对该预测残差执行变化处理，得到变换系数，例如使用离散正弦变换或离散余弦变换来对预测残差进行变换，具体可以参考现有技术，此处不再赘述；
可选的，该编码单元304还可以对变换后的预测残差(即变换系数)进行量化，编码单元304可以对量化结果进行熵编码(例如上下文自适应二进制算术编码CABAC)，输出比特流。以上编码过程仅为示例说明，本申请实施例并不以此作为限制。
通过本申请实施例，使用滤波后的一个参考像素作为用于对与其相邻的后一个位置的待滤波的参考像素进行滤波的滤波器的输入，由此，能够解决预测不连续的问题，使得预测结果更加平滑。
第二方面的实施例
本申请实施例还提供一种图像编码方法，图6是本申请实施例的图像编码方法的示意图。如图6所示，该方法包括：
操作601，确定图像划分的当前处理块的参考像素集，该参考像素集用于该当前处理块的帧内预测；
操作602，对该参考像素集中的各个参考像素依次进行滤波；其中，将该参考像素集中滤波后的一个参考像素作为用于对与其相邻的后一个位置的待滤波的参考像素进行滤波的滤波器的输入；
操作603，根据滤波后的参考像素集计算当前处理块的预测块；
操作604，根据该预测块和该当前处理块进行编码。
在本申请实施例中，上述操作601-604的实施方式可以参考实施例1中确定单元301，滤波单元302，预测单元303，编码单元304，此处不再赘述。
在本申请实施例中，该滤波器可以是3抽头滤波器，该滤波器的输入还包括：与所述待滤波的参考像素相邻的后一个位置的未被滤波的参考像素，以及所述待滤波的参考像素，具体可以参考实施例1。
在本申请实施例中，在操作602中，对该参考像素集中的第一个参考像素，例如对p[-1][-1]进行滤波时，该滤波器的输入是：未被滤波的该第一个参考像素p[-1][-1]，与该第一个参考像素前后相邻的未被滤波的两个参考像素。在该第一个参考像素的相邻的前一个位置参考像素不存在时，使用预定的参考像素替换该前一个位置参考像 素。
在本申请实施例中，该方法还可以包括如下操作：(可选，未图示)
将该参考像素集划分成预定数量个参考像素子集，
在操作602中，并行地对该预定数量个参考像素子集中的各个参考像素按照相同的顺序依次进行滤波。
在本申请实施例中，在对每组参考像素子集进行滤波时，将该参考像素子集中滤波后的一个参考像素作为用于对与其相邻的后一个位置的待滤波的参考像素进行滤波的滤波器的输入；在对参考像素子集中的第一个参考像素进行滤波时，该滤波器的输入是：未被滤波的该第一个参考像素，与该第一个参考像素前后相邻的未被滤波的两个参考像素(包括：该参考像素子集的未被滤波的第二个参考像素)，前一个位置相邻的参考像素子集中未被滤波的最后一个参考像素；
在该第一个参考像素的相邻的前一个位置参考像素不存在时，使用预定的参考像素替换该前一个位置参考像素，例如，该滤波器的输入是：未被滤波的该第一个参考像素，该参考像素子集的未被滤波的第二个参考像素，预定的参考像素。
值得注意的是，以上附图6仅对本申请实施例进行了示意性说明，但本申请不限于此。例如可以适当地调整各个操作之间的执行顺序，此外还可以增加其他的一些操作或者减少其中的某些操作。本领域的技术人员可以根据上述内容进行适当地变型，而不仅限于上述附图6的记载。
通过本申请实施例，使用滤波后的一个参考像素作为用于对与其相邻的后一个位置的待滤波的参考像素进行滤波的滤波器的输入，由此，能够解决预测不连续的问题，使得预测结果更加平滑。
第三方面的实施例
本申请实施例还提供一种电子设备，该电子设备进行图像处理或视频处理，包括实施例1中的图像编码装置，其内容合并于此，此处不再赘述。
图7是本申请实施例的电子设备的示意图。如图7所示，电子设备700可以包括：处理器701和存储器702；存储器702耦合到处理器701。其中该存储器702可存储各种数据；此外还存储信息处理的程序703，并且在处理器701的控制下执行该程序703。
在一个实施例中，电子设备700可以作为编码器使用，图像编码装置300的功能可以被集成到处理器701中。其中，处理器701可以被配置为实现如实施例2所述的图像编码方法。
例如，处理器701可以被配置为进行如下的控制：确定图像划分的当前处理块的参考像素集，该参考像素集用于该当前处理块的帧内预测；对该参考像素集中的各个参考像素依次进行滤波；其中，将该参考像素集中滤波后的一个参考像素作为用于对与其相邻的后一个位置的待滤波的参考像素进行滤波的滤波器的输入；根据滤波后的参考像素集计算当前处理块的预测块；根据该预测块和该当前处理块进行编码。
例如，处理器701可以还被配置为进行如下的控制：将该参考像素集划分成预定数量个参考像素子集，并且，并行的对该预定数量个参考像素子集中的各个参考像素按照相同的顺序依次进行滤波。
在本申请实施例中，该滤波器的输入可以参考实施例1，此处不再重复。
此外，如图7所示，电子设备700还可以包括：输入输出(I/O)设备704和显示器705等；其中，上述部件的功能与现有技术类似，此处不再赘述。值得注意的是，电子设备700也并不是必须要包括图7中所示的所有部件；此外，电子设备700还可以包括图7中没有示出的部件，可以参考相关技术。
本申请实施例提供一种计算机可读程序，其中当在图像编码装置或电子设备中执行所述程序时，所述程序使得该图像编码装置或电子设备执行如实施例2所述的图像编码方法。
本申请实施例提供一种存储有计算机可读程序的存储介质，其中所述计算机可读程序使得图像编码装置或电子设备执行如实施例2所述的图像编码方法。
本申请以上的装置和方法可以由硬件实现，也可以由硬件结合软件实现。本申请涉及这样的计算机可读程序，当该程序被逻辑部件所执行时，能够使该逻辑部件实现上文所述的装置或构成部件，或使该逻辑部件实现上文所述的各种方法或步骤。本申请还涉及用于存储以上程序的存储介质，如硬盘、磁盘、光盘、DVD、flash存储器等。
结合本申请实施例描述的方法/装置可直接体现为硬件、由处理器执行的软件模块或二者组合。例如，图中所示的功能框图中的一个或多个和/或功能框图的一个或 多个组合，既可以对应于计算机程序流程的各个软件模块，亦可以对应于各个硬件模块。这些软件模块，可以分别对应于图中所示的各个步骤。这些硬件模块例如可利用现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)将这些软件模块固化而实现。
软件模块可以位于RAM存储器、闪存、ROM存储器、EPROM存储器、EEPROM存储器、寄存器、硬盘、移动磁盘、CD-ROM或者本领域已知的任何其它形式的存储介质。可以将一种存储介质耦接至处理器，从而使处理器能够从该存储介质读取信息，且可向该存储介质写入信息；或者该存储介质可以是处理器的组成部分。处理器和存储介质可以位于ASIC中。该软件模块可以存储在移动终端的存储器中，也可以存储在可插入移动终端的存储卡中。例如，若设备(如移动终端)采用的是较大容量的MEGA-SIM卡或者大容量的闪存装置，则该软件模块可存储在该MEGA-SIM卡或者大容量的闪存装置中。
针对附图中描述的功能方框中的一个或多个和/或功能方框的一个或多个组合，可以实现为用于执行本申请所描述功能的通用处理器、数字信号处理器(DSP)、专用集成电路(ASIC)、现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)或者其它可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件或者其任意适当组合。针对附图描述的功能方框中的一个或多个和/或功能方框的一个或多个组合，还可以实现为计算设备的组合，例如，DSP和微处理器的组合、多个微处理器、与DSP通信结合的一个或多个微处理器或者任何其它这种配置。
以上结合具体的实施方式对本申请进行了描述，但本领域技术人员应该清楚，这些描述都是示例性的，并不是对本申请保护范围的限制。本领域技术人员可以根据本申请的精神和原理对本申请做出各种变型和修改，这些变型和修改也在本申请的范围内。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种图像编码方法，所述方法包括：
    确定图像划分的当前处理块的参考像素集，所述参考像素集用于所述当前处理块的帧内预测；
    对所述参考像素集中的各个参考像素依次进行滤波；其中，将所述参考像素集中滤波后的一个参考像素作为用于对与其相邻的后一个位置的待滤波的参考像素进行滤波的滤波器的输入；
    根据滤波后的参考像素集计算当前处理块的预测块；
    根据所述预测块和所述当前处理块进行编码。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述帧内预测的模式是宽角度模式。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述滤波器是3抽头滤波器，所述滤波器的输入还包括：与所述待滤波的参考像素相邻的后一个位置的未被滤波的参考像素，以及所述待滤波的参考像素。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，在对所述参考像素集中的第一个参考像素进行滤波时，所述滤波器的输入是：未被滤波的所述第一个参考像素，与所述第一个参考像素前后相邻的未被滤波的两个参考像素。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其中，在所述第一个参考像素的相邻的前一个位置参考像素不存在时，使用预定的参考像素替换所述前一个位置参考像素。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述方法还包括：
    将所述参考像素集划分成预定数量个参考像素子集，
    并且，对所述参考像素集中的各个参考像素依次进行滤波包括：并行地对所述预定数量个参考像素子集中的各个参考像素按照相同的顺序依次进行滤波。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其中，在对所述参考像素子集中的第一个参考像素进行滤波时，所述滤波器的输入是：未被滤波的所述第一个参考像素，与所述第一个参考像素前后相邻的未被滤波的两个参考像素。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其中，在所述第一个参考像素的相邻的前一个位置参考像素不存在时，使用预定的参考像素替换所述前一个位置参考像素。
  9. 一种图像编码装置，所述装置包括：
    确定单元，其用于确定图像划分的当前处理块的参考像素集，所述参考像素集用于所述当前处理块的帧内预测；
    滤波单元，其用于对所述参考像素集中的各个参考像素依次进行滤波；其中，将所述参考像素集中滤波后的一个参考像素作为用于对与其相邻的后一个位置的待滤波的参考像素进行滤波的滤波器的输入；
    预测单元，其用于根据滤波后的参考像素集计算当前处理块的预测块；
    编码单元，其用于根据所述预测块和所述当前处理块进行编码。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的装置，其中，所述帧内预测的模式是宽角度模式。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的装置，其中，所述滤波器是3抽头滤波器，所述滤波器的输入还包括：与所述待滤波的参考像素相邻的后一个位置的未被滤波的参考像素，以及所述待滤波的参考像素。
  12. 根据权利要求9所述的装置，其中，在所述滤波单元对所述参考像素集中的第一个参考像素进行滤波时，所述滤波器的输入是：未被滤波的所述第一个参考像素，与所述第一个参考像素前后相邻的未被滤波的两个参考像素。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的装置，其中，在所述第一个参考像素的相邻的前一个位置参考像素不存在时，使用预定的参考像素替换所述前一个位置参考像素。
  14. 根据权利要求9所述的装置，其中，所述装置还包括：
    划分单元，其用于将所述参考像素集划分成预定数量个参考像素子集，
    并且，所述滤波单元并行的对所述预定数量个参考像素子集中的各个参考像素按照相同的顺序依次进行滤波。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的装置，其中，在所述滤波单元对所述参考像素子集中的第一个参考像素进行滤波时，所述滤波器的输入是：未被滤波的所述第一个参考像素，与所述第一个参考像素前后相邻的未被滤波的两个参考像素。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的装置，其中，在所述第一个参考像素的相邻的前一个位置参考像素不存在时，使用预定的参考像素替换所述前一个位置参考像素。
  17. 一种电子设备，其中，所述电子设备包括：权利要求9所述的图像编码装置。
PCT/CN2019/099359 2019-08-06 2019-08-06 图像编码方法、装置以及电子设备 Ceased WO2021022467A1 (zh)

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