WO2021012851A1 - 一种超声脱钙仪 - Google Patents

一种超声脱钙仪 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021012851A1
WO2021012851A1 PCT/CN2020/097091 CN2020097091W WO2021012851A1 WO 2021012851 A1 WO2021012851 A1 WO 2021012851A1 CN 2020097091 W CN2020097091 W CN 2020097091W WO 2021012851 A1 WO2021012851 A1 WO 2021012851A1
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ultrasonic
liquid level
decalcification
storage tank
liquid
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PCT/CN2020/097091
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English (en)
French (fr)
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徐成喜
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徐成喜
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Priority claimed from CN201910655526.6A external-priority patent/CN110286017A/zh
Priority claimed from CN201910655506.9A external-priority patent/CN110296876A/zh
Application filed by 徐成喜 filed Critical 徐成喜
Publication of WO2021012851A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021012851A1/zh

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q

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  • the invention relates to the field of pathological analysis, in particular to an ultrasonic decalcification instrument.
  • pathological analysts diagnose skeletal diseases and diseases related to skeletal changes, they often need to take bone specimens of the lesions for pathological biopsy to confirm the diagnosis or provide a basis for the diagnosis; after surgically removing the bone tissues of the lesions, Pathological examination is also required.
  • the bone specimens used for pathological examination must be decalcified before they can be sliced and observed under a microscope.
  • the ultrasonic decalcification machine that implements this method is composed of ultrasonic oscillator (5), temperature controller (9), ultrasonic alarm (7), temperature indicating circuit (6), protection circuit (10) and other components.
  • the ultrasonic decalcification equipment uses strong acid, so the decalcification effect is extremely unstable, and excessive decalcification is prone to occur.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to maintain the stability of the decalcification solution at 35-45 degrees Celsius and monitor the evaporation of the decalcification solution according to the situation. Replenish water in the decalcification solution.
  • the present invention provides a decalcification instrument, including an ultrasonic device, a liquid storage tank, and a constant temperature system.
  • the ultrasound generated by the ultrasonic device acts on the liquid storage tank, and the liquid storage tank is connected to the constant temperature system. .
  • the constant temperature system includes a circulation system, a temperature sensing system, a cooling system, and a control system.
  • the control system controls the working state of the ultrasonic device, and the control system receives temperature data of the temperature sensing system.
  • the control system controls the working state of the circulatory system, and the control system controls the working state of the cooling system.
  • the circulation system includes a water pump, and the water pump is connected to the liquid storage tank and the constant temperature system through a pipeline.
  • the temperature sensing system includes a temperature sensing element, and the temperature sensing element is arranged on the liquid storage tank.
  • the cooling system includes a circulating cooler, and the circulating cooler is in communication with the water pump and the liquid storage tank through a pipeline.
  • the circulating cooler includes a radiator.
  • the circulating cooler further includes a semiconductor refrigeration fin connected to the radiator.
  • the circulating cooler further includes a fan, and the fan faces the radiator.
  • the control system issues an instruction, the circulation system starts to work, and the cooling system starts to work.
  • the control system issues an instruction to stop the ultrasonic device.
  • the ultrasonic device is directly below the liquid storage tank
  • the liquid level control device includes a liquid level control tank
  • the liquid level control tank is located in the liquid storage tank.
  • a pipeline is provided at the lower part of the liquid storage tank to communicate with the lower part of the liquid level control tank
  • the control board is connected with the ultrasonic device and the liquid level control device.
  • the liquid level control device further includes a liquid level sensing device, and the liquid level sensing device is arranged in the liquid level control tank.
  • the liquid level sensing device is a liquid level sensor.
  • the liquid level sensor controls a display device.
  • the display device is a liquid crystal display device.
  • the display device flashes, and the ultrasonic device stops working when the liquid level sensor is turned off for more than one hour.
  • the liquid storage tank includes a second liquid outlet, and the second liquid outlet is communicated with the liquid level control tank through a pipeline.
  • the ultrasonic device includes an ultrasonic generator and an industrial transducer.
  • the number of the industrial transducers is 1-5.
  • the ultrasonic decalcification instrument with constant temperature system of the present invention can make the decalcification liquid work in a stable temperature range, ensuring the stability and controllability of the decalcification effect; at the same time, the liquid level control device and the liquid storage tank are on the same level. When the liquid level drops to a certain position, the first alarm is displayed by the display device. If water is not added in time, the ultrasonic device stops working, which ensures that the concentration of the decalcification solution is relatively stable and makes the final decalcification effect stable and controllable.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the temperature reduction of a decalcification solution in a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the temperature reduction of the decalcification solution according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an ultrasonic decalcification instrument with a liquid level sensor according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the ultrasonic decalcification instrument of a preferred embodiment of the present invention as shown in Figure 1 or Figure 2, the arrow direction is the liquid flow direction, including an ultrasonic device, a liquid storage tank 1 and a constant temperature system.
  • the ultrasonic generated by the ultrasonic device acts on the storage Liquid tank 1, liquid storage tank 1 is connected with a constant temperature system.
  • the constant temperature system is used as a guarantee for controlling the temperature of the decalcification solution.
  • the temperature of the storage tank 1 exceeds 30 degrees Celsius, the constant temperature system works, and the temperature of the storage tank 1 exceeds 40 degrees Celsius.
  • the ultrasonic device stops working.
  • the constant temperature system includes the circulation system, the temperature sensing system, the cooling system and the control system.
  • the control system controls the working state of the ultrasonic device, the control system receives the temperature data of the temperature sensing system, the control system controls the working state of the circulation system, and the control system controls the cooling system.
  • the circulation system includes a water pump 2, which is connected to the liquid storage tank 1 and the constant temperature system through a pipeline. When the circulation system is working, the water pump 2 works, and the water pump 2 causes the decalcification solution in the storage tank 1 to be cooled by the cooling system and then returns to the storage tank 1 again.
  • the temperature sensing system includes a temperature sensing element, which is arranged on the liquid storage tank 1. The temperature sensing element measures the temperature of the decalcification solution at any time.
  • the temperature sensing element can be arranged in the liquid storage tank 1 to directly contact the decalcification liquid, or the temperature of the decalcification liquid can be measured indirectly by measuring the temperature of the liquid storage tank 1.
  • the cooling system includes a circulating cooler 3, which is in communication with the water pump 2 and the liquid storage tank 1 through pipelines. After the decalcification liquid passes through the circulating cooler 3, the temperature decreases.
  • the circulating cooler 3 includes a radiator. The temperature of the decalcification liquid is reduced by the radiator.
  • the circulating cooler 3 also includes a semiconductor refrigeration fin, which is connected to the radiator. Semiconductor refrigeration fins reduce the temperature of the radiator through direct contact with the radiator.
  • the circulating cooler 3 also includes a fan, which faces the radiator.
  • the fan When the cooling system is working, the fan reduces the temperature of the radiator by blowing air.
  • the temperature sensed by the temperature sensing system exceeds 30 degrees Celsius, the control system issues instructions, the circulation system starts to work, and the cooling system starts to work.
  • the control system issues an instruction to stop the ultrasonic device. The ultrasonic device stops working so that the decalcification solution will not overheat, thereby ensuring the stability and controllability of the decalcification effect.
  • an ultrasonic decalcification apparatus includes an ultrasonic device 5, a liquid storage tank 1, a liquid level control device and a control board.
  • the ultrasonic device 5 is located in the front of the liquid storage tank 1.
  • the liquid level control device includes a liquid level control tank 8.
  • the liquid level control tank 8 is in a horizontal position on the side of the liquid storage tank 1.
  • the lower part of the liquid storage tank 1 has a pipeline communicating with the lower part of the liquid level control tank 8.
  • the control board Connect with the ultrasonic device 5 and the liquid level control device.
  • the liquid level control device also includes a liquid level sensing device, which is arranged in the liquid level control tank 8.
  • the liquid level sensing device is the liquid level sensor 6.
  • the liquid level sensor 6 When the liquid level is lower than a certain value, the liquid level sensor 6 is turned off.
  • the liquid level sensor 6 controls a display device, and the display device is a liquid crystal touch display device.
  • the display device When the liquid level sensor is closed, the display device displays that the ultrasonic device 5 stops working when the liquid level sensor is closed for more than one hour. Stopping the operation of the ultrasonic device 5 can prevent the decalcification solution from evaporating excessively.
  • the liquid storage tank 1 includes a circulating liquid inlet 9, a first liquid outlet 4 and a second liquid outlet 7, and the second liquid outlet 7 is connected to the liquid level control tank 8 through a pipeline.
  • the ultrasonic device 5 includes an ultrasonic generator and an industrial transducer. The number of industrial transducers is 1-5.
  • the ultrasound device 5 When decalcifying, first put the bone sample to be decalcified into the storage tank 1, add acidic decalcification solution in the storage tank 1, the ultrasound device 5 starts to work, the decalcification solution starts to evaporate in large quantities, and when the liquid level drops to At a certain value, usually 80%-90% of the initial depth of the liquid level, the liquid level sensor 6 is turned off, the display device starts to display, the operator adds water to the liquid tank, the liquid level sensor 6 is connected, the display device stops displaying, and the system normal operation. The ultrasound device 5 continues to work, and the decalcification solution continues to evaporate a lot. When the liquid level drops to the threshold again, the liquid level sensor turns off and the display device starts to display. If the reservoir 1 does not add water within an hour, the liquid level sensor 6 When the shutdown lasts for more than one hour, the control panel or the liquid level sensing device will issue a command, and the ultrasonic device will stop working.
  • the liquid level switch can be manually adjusted according to the volume and depth of the decalcification solution.
  • the liquid level switch can be automatically adjusted according to the volume and depth of the decalcification solution.
  • the liquid level switch is arranged in the liquid storage tank, and the position of the liquid level switch can be adjusted.
  • the continuous exceeding time for the liquid level sensor 6 to be closed can be adjusted from 15 minutes to 2 hours, and the control panel or the liquid level sensing device issues an instruction, and the ultrasonic device stops working.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)

Abstract

一种超声脱钙仪,属于病理分析领域,包括超声波装置(5)、储液槽(1)和恒温系统,超声波装置(5)产生的超声作用于储液槽(1),储液槽(1)与恒温系统相连,恒温系统包括循环系统、温度感应系统、降温系统和控制系统,控制系统接收温度感应系统的温度数据,控制系统控制循环系统的工作状态,控制系统控制降温系统的工作状态。自带恒温系统的超声脱钙仪可以使得脱钙液在一个稳定的温度区间工作,同时液位控制装置与储液槽(1)处于同一水平面,当液面降低到一定位置时,首先是显示装置报警,如没有及时加水,超声波装置(5)停止工作,保证了脱钙液的浓度相对稳定,使得最终的脱钙效果稳定可控。

Description

一种超声脱钙仪 技术领域
本发明涉及病理分析领域,尤其涉及一种超声脱钙仪。
背景技术
病理分析人员在对骨骼疾病和与骨骼变化有关的疾病进行诊断时,常需要采取病变部位骨骼标本作病理切片检验,以确定诊断或为诊断提供依据;在以手术方法切除病变部位骨组织后,也需做病理切片检验,用于病理检验的骨标本必须脱去钙质才能做切片处理并在显微镜下观察。
骨组织,骨化、钙化组织,骨髓穿刺及骨肿瘤标本中存在大量的无机盐和钙盐,常规制作切片时必须先用酸将钙盐去除使组织软化后,才能进行常规制片,骨组织制片中的脱钙是一重要环节,也是技术难点。制片时由于常规骨组织脱钙时间较长(约2~3天或更长),严重拖延了制片时间[1],影响了病理报告及时发出。为了加快进行病理诊断,申请号CN87100784,超声波作用于脱钙液和骨标本的脱钙方法,脱钙液的温度保持在38℃-42℃。实施这一方法的超声脱钙机由超声振荡器(5)、温度控制器(9)、超声报警器(7)、温度指示电路(6)、保护电路(10)等部件组成。该超声脱钙设备采用强酸,这样脱钙效果极不稳定,容易出现过度脱钙。
为了使脱钙过程可控,同时缩短脱钙时间,需要采用弱酸偏中性加超声的脱钙方式。但超声脱钙的方式会产生大量热量,当脱钙液超过45摄氏度时,会破坏或改变骨标本的显微组织形态,影响诊断的准确性;弱酸或中性溶液中的水分大量蒸发,水发蒸发后溶液的酸性增强,使得脱钙的效果不稳定。
发明内容
有鉴于现有技术的上述缺陷,本发明所要解决的技术问题是在超声的加热作用下,保持脱钙液的稳定在35-45摄氏度之间并监控脱钙液的水分蒸发情况,以便根据情况在脱钙液中补水。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供了脱钙仪,包括超声波装置、储液槽和恒温系统,所述超声波装置产生的超声作用于所述储液槽,所述储液槽与所述恒温系统相连。
进一步地,所述恒温系统包括循环系统、温度感应系统、降温系统和控制系统,所述控制系统控制所述超声波装置的工作状态,所述控制系统接收所述温度感应系统的温度数据,所述控制系统控制所述循环系统的工作状态,所述控制系统控制所述降 温系统的工作状态。
进一步地,所述循环系统包括水泵,所述水泵与所述储液槽和所述恒温系统通过管路相连。
进一步地,所述温度感应系统包括感温元件,所述感温元件设置在所述储液槽上。
进一步地,所述降温系统包括循环冷却器,所述循环冷却器与所述水泵和所述储液槽通过管路连通。
进一步地,所述循环冷却器包括散热器。
进一步地,所述循环冷却器还包括半导体制冷片,所述半导体制冷片与散热器相连。
进一步地,所述循环冷却器还包括风扇,所述风扇正对所述散热器。
进一步地,所述温度感应系统感应到的温度超过30摄氏度,所述控制系统发出指令,所述循环系统开始工作,所述降温系统开始工作。
进一步地,所述温度感应系统感应到的温度超过40摄氏度时,所述控制系统发出指令所述超声波装置停止工作。
进一步地,还包括液位控制装置和控制板,所述超声波装置在所述储液槽的正下方,所述液位控制装置包括液位控制槽,所述液位控制槽在所述储液槽一侧的水平位置,所述储液槽的下部有管路与所述液位控制槽的下部连通,所述控制板与所述超声波装置和所述液位控制装置相连。
进一步地,所述液位控制装置还包括液位感应装置,所述液位感应装置设置在所述液位控制槽内。
进一步地,所述液位感应装置是液位传感器。
进一步地,所述液位传感器控制一个显示装置。
进一步地,所述显示装置为一个液晶显示装置。
进一步地,所述液位传感器关闭时,所述显示装置闪烁,所述液位传感器关闭超过一小时所述超声波装置停止工作。
进一步地,所述储液槽包括第二出液口,所述第二出液口通过管路与所述液位控制槽相连通。
进一步地,所述超声波装置包括超声发生器和工业型换能器。
进一步地,所述工业型换能器的个数为1-5个。
本发明的带恒温系统的超声脱钙仪可以使得脱钙液在一个稳定的温度区间工作,保证了脱钙效果的稳定性和可控性;同时液位控制装置与储液槽处于同一水平面,当液面降低到一定位置时,首先是显示装置报警,如没有及时加水,超声波装置停止工作,保证了脱钙液的浓度相对稳定,使得最终的脱钙效果稳定可控。
以下将结合附图对本发明的构思、具体结构及产生的技术效果作进一步说明,以充分地了解本发明的目的、特征和效果。
附图说明
图1是本发明的一个较佳实施例的脱钙液降温示意图;
图2是本发明的另一个较佳实施例的脱钙液降温示意图;
图3是本发明的一个较佳实施例的带有液位传感器的超声脱钙仪示意图。
具体实施方式
以下参考说明书附图介绍本发明的多个优选实施例,使其技术内容更加清楚和便于理解。本发明可以通过许多不同形式的实施例来得以体现,本发明的保护范围并非仅限于文中提到的实施例。
在附图中,结构相同的部件以相同数字标号表示,各处结构或功能相似的组件以相似数字标号表示。附图所示的每一组件的尺寸和厚度是任意示出的,本发明并没有限定每个组件的尺寸和厚度。为了使图示更清晰,附图中有些地方适当夸大了部件的厚度。
本发明的一个较佳实施例的超声脱钙仪,如图1或图2所示,箭头方向为液体流动方向,包括超声波装置、储液槽1和恒温系统,超声波装置产生的超声作用于储液槽1,储液槽1与恒温系统相连。恒温系统作为控制脱钙液温度的保证,储液槽1温度超过30摄氏度,恒温系统工作,储液槽1温度超过40摄氏度超声波装置停止工作。恒温系统包括循环系统、温度感应系统、降温系统和控制系统,控制系统控制超声波装置的工作状态,控制系统接收温度感应系统的温度数据,控制系统控制循环系统的工作状态,控制系统控制降温系统的工作状态。循环系统包括水泵2,水泵2与储液槽1和恒温系统通过管路相连。循环系统工作时,水泵2工作,水泵2使得储液槽1的脱钙液通过降温系统降温而后再次回到储液槽1。温度感应系统包括感温元件,感温元件设置在储液槽1上。感温元件随时测量脱钙液的温度。感温元件可设置于储液槽1内与脱钙液直接接触,也可以通过测量储液槽1的温度间接测量脱钙液的温度。降温系统包括循环冷却器3,循环冷却器3与水泵2和储液槽1通过管路连通。脱钙液通过循环冷却器3后温度降低。循环冷却器3包括散热器。脱钙液通过散热器温度降低。循环冷却器3还包括半导体制冷片,半导体制冷片与散热器相连。半导体制冷片通过与散热器的直接接触来降低散热器的温度。循环冷却器3还包括风扇,风扇正对散热器。当降温系统工作时,风扇通过吹风来降低散热器的温度。温度感应系统感应到的温度超过30摄氏度,控制系统发出指令,循环系统开始工作,降温系统开始工作。温度感应系统感应到的温度超过40摄氏度时,控制系统发出指令超声波装置停止工作。超声波装置停止工作使得脱钙液能够不至于过热,从而保证脱钙效果的稳定和可控。
本发明的一个较佳实施例,如图3所示,一种超声脱钙仪,包括超声波装置5,储液槽1,液位控制装置和控制板,超声波装置5在储液槽1的正下方,液位控制装置包括液位控制槽8,液位控制槽8在储液槽1一侧的水平位置,储液槽1的下部有管路与液位控制槽8的下部连通,控制板与超声波装置5和液位控制装置相连。液位控制装置还包括液位感应装置,液位感应装置设置在液位控制槽内8。液位感应装置是液位传感器6,当液位低于一定数值时,液位传感器6关闭。液位传感器6控制一个显示装置,显示装置为一个液晶触摸显示装置。液位传感器关闭时,显示装置显示,液位传感器关闭超过一小时超声波装置5停止工作。超声波装置5停止工作可以使得脱钙液不会过分蒸发。储液槽1包括循环进液口9、第一出液口4和第二出液口7,第二出液口7通过管路与液位控制槽8相连通。超声波装置5包括超声发生器和工业型换能器。工业型换能器的个数为1-5个。
脱钙时,首先将待脱钙骨样本置入储液槽1中,在储液槽1中加入酸性脱钙液,超生波装置5开始工作,脱钙液开始大量蒸发,当液面降低到一定值时,通常是液面起始深度的80%-90%,液位传感器6关闭,显示装置开始显示,操作人员在储液槽中加水,液位传感器6连通,显示装置停止显示,系统正常运行。超生波装置5继续工作,脱钙液继续大量蒸发,当液面再次降低到阀值时,液位传感器关闭,显示装置开始显示,如果储液槽1在一个小时内没有加水,液位传感器6关闭连续超过一个小时,控制板或液位感应装置设置发出指令,超声波装置停止工作。
本发明的另一个较佳实施例,液位开关可以根据脱钙液的体积和深度作手动调节。
本发明的另一个较佳实施例,液位开关可以根据脱钙液的体积和深度作自动调节。
本发明的另一个较佳实施例,液位开关设置在储液槽内,液位开关的位置可以调节。
本发明的另一个较佳实施例,液位传感器6关闭连续超过的时间可调从15分钟到2个小时,控制板或液位感应装置发出指令,超声波装置停止工作。
以上详细描述了本发明的较佳具体实施例。应当理解,本领域的普通技术无需创造性劳动就可以根据本发明的构思作出诸多修改和变化。因此,凡本技术领域中技术人员依本发明的构思在现有技术的基础上通过逻辑分析、推理或者有限的实验可以得到的技术方案,皆应在由权利要求书所确定的保护范围内。

Claims (19)

  1. 一种超声脱钙仪,其特征在于,包括超声波装置、储液槽和恒温系统,所述超声波装置产生的超声作用于所述储液槽,所述储液槽与所述恒温系统相连。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的超声脱钙仪,其特征在于,所述恒温系统包括循环系统、温度感应系统、降温系统和控制系统,所述控制系统控制所述超声波装置的工作状态,所述控制系统接收所述温度感应系统的温度数据,所述控制系统控制所述循环系统的工作状态,所述控制系统控制所述降温系统的工作状态。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的超声脱钙仪,其特征在于,所述循环系统包括水泵,所述水泵与所述储液槽和所述恒温系统通过管路相连。
  4. 如权利要求2所述的超声脱钙仪,其特征在于,所述温度感应系统包括感温元件,所述感温元件设置在所述储液槽上。
  5. 如权利要求2或3任意一条所述的超声脱钙仪,其特征在于,所述降温系统包括循环冷却器,所述循环冷却器与所述水泵和所述储液槽通过管路连通。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的超声脱钙仪,其特征在于,所述循环冷却器包括散热器。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的超声脱钙仪,其特征在于,所述循环冷却器还包括半导体制冷片,所述半导体制冷片与散热器相连。
  8. 如权利要求6所述的超声脱钙仪,其特征在于,所述循环冷却器还包括风扇,所述风扇正对所述散热器。
  9. 如权利要求2所述的超声脱钙仪,其特征在于,所述温度感应系统感应到的温度超过30摄氏度,所述控制系统发出指令,所述循环系统开始工作,所述降温系统开始工作。
  10. 如权利要求2所述的超声脱钙仪,其特征在于,所述温度感应系统感应到的温度超过40摄氏度时,所述控制系统发出指令所述超声波装置停止工作。
  11. 如权利要求1所述的超声脱钙仪,其特征在于,还包括液位控制装置和控制板,所述超声波装置在所述储液槽的正下方,所述液位控制装置包括液位控制槽,所述液位控制槽在所述储液槽一侧的水平位置,所述储液槽的下部有管路与所述液位控制槽的下部连通,所述控制板与所述超声波装置和所述液位控制装置相连。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的超声脱钙仪,其特征在于,所述液位控制装置还包括液位感应装置,所述液位感应装置设置在所述液位控制槽内。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的超声脱钙仪,其特征在于,所述液位感应装置是液位传感器。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的超声脱钙仪,其特征在于,所述液位传感器控制一个显示装置。
  15. 如权利要求14所述的超声脱钙仪,其特征在于,所述显示装置为一个液晶显示装置。
  16. 如权利要求11-15任意一条所述的超声脱钙仪,其特征在于,所述液位传感器关闭时,所述显示装置闪烁,所述液位传感器关闭超过一小时所述超声波装置停止工作。
  17. 如权利要求11所述的超声脱钙仪,其特征在于,所述储液槽包括第二出液口,所述第二出液口通过管路与所述液位控制槽相连通。
  18. 如权利要求11所述的超声脱钙仪,其特征在于,所述超声波装置包括超声发生器和工业型换能器。
  19. 如权利要求18所述的超声脱钙仪,其特征在于,所述工业型换能器的个数为1-5个。
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